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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Expedition to Las Californias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expedition_to_Las_Californias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_expedition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_expedition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Second expedition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_expedition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Later life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memorials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaspar de Portolá</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="غاسبار دي بورتولا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غاسبار دي بورتولا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гаспар де Портола – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гаспар де Портола" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0" title="Gaspar de Portolà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gaspar de Portolà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasparo_Portola" title="Gasparo Portola – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gasparo Portola" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0" title="Gaspar de Portolà – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gaspar de Portolà" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%81_%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AC" title="Γκασπάρ ντε Πορτολά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκασπάρ ντε Πορτολά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gaspar de Portolá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7" title="گاسپار دی پورتالا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاسپار دی پورتالا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0" title="Gaspar de Portolà – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gaspar de Portolà" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0" title="Gaspar de Portolà – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gaspar de Portolà" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gaspar de Portolá" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гаспар Де Портула – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гаспар Де Портула" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="جاسبار دى بورتولا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاسبار دى بورتولا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gaspar de Portolá" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%91%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9" title="ガスパル・デ・ポルトラ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガスパル・デ・ポルトラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gaspar de Portolá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D0%B8-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0,_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Портола-и-Ровира, Гаспар де – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Портола-и-Ровира, Гаспар де" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gaspar de Portolá" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gaspar de Portolá" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portola" title="Gaspar de Portola – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gaspar de Portola" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гаспар де Портола – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гаспар де Портола" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1_%D8%AF%DB%92_%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="گاسپر دے پورتولا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گاسپر دے پورتولا" data-language-autonym="اردو" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaspar de Portolà">Gaspar de Portolà</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Spanish Army officer and colonial administrator</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> de Portolá</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Rovira</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%22">"Gaspar de Portolá"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Gaspar de Portolá</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_(Lleida).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28Lleida%29.jpg/220px-Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28Lleida%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28Lleida%29.jpg/330px-Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28Lleida%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28Lleida%29.jpg/440px-Retrat_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28Lleida%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="1184" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_California_before_1850" title="List of governors of California before 1850">Governor of the Californias</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 30, 1767 – July 9, 1770</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Office established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fages" title="Pedro Fages">Pedro Fages</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Gaspar de Portolà i Rovira</div><br />January 1, 1716<br /><a href="/wiki/Os_de_Balaguer" title="Os de Balaguer">Os de Balaguer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 10, 1786 (aged 70)<br /><a href="/wiki/Lleida" title="Lleida">Lleida</a>, Catalonia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Lleida, Catalonia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Gaspar de Portolá's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png/128px-Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png/192px-Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png/256px-Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="158" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Spain"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spain</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Spain Army">Spain Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Captain" title="Captain">Captain</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Captain" title="Captain">Captain</a> <b>Gaspar de Portolá y Rovira</b> (January 1, 1716 – October 10, 1786) was a <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Army" title="Spanish Army">Spanish Army</a> officer and colonial administrator who served as the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_California_before_1850" title="List of governors of California before 1850">governor of the Californias</a> from 1767 to 1770. Born in <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> into an <a href="/wiki/Spanish_nobility" title="Spanish nobility">aristocratic family</a>, he is best known for leading the <a href="/wiki/Portol%C3%A1_expedition" title="Portolá expedition">Portolá expedition</a> into <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, which laid the foundations of Spanish rule in the region Californian cities like <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey</a>, and bestowed names to geographic features throughout California, many of which are still in use.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_(A-SiT-D1262).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28A-SiT-D1262%29.jpg/170px-Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28A-SiT-D1262%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28A-SiT-D1262%29.jpg/255px-Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28A-SiT-D1262%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28A-SiT-D1262%29.jpg/340px-Balaguer._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_%28A-SiT-D1262%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Portolá in <a href="/wiki/Balaguer" title="Balaguer">Balaguer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gaspar de Portolá y Rovira was born on January 1, 1716 in <a href="/wiki/Os_de_Balaguer" title="Os de Balaguer">Os de Balaguer</a>, Catalonia, into a family of minor <a href="/wiki/Spanish_nobility" title="Spanish nobility">Spanish nobility</a>. After he came of age, Portolá joined the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Army" title="Spanish Army">Spanish Army</a>, being commissioned as an <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(rank)" title="Ensign (rank)">ensign</a> in 1734 and a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">lieutenant</a> in 1743. He saw service in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Austrian_Succession" title="War of the Austrian Succession">War of the Austrian Succession</a> and participated in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_invasion_of_Portugal_(1762)" title="Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)">Spanish invasion of Portugal</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Fantastic_War" title="Fantastic War">Fantastic War</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Jesuits" class="mw-redirect" title="Expulsion of the Jesuits">expulsion of the Jesuits</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>, Portolá was tasked with removing the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a> from <a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Baja_California" title="Spanish missions in Baja California">Spanish missions in Baja California</a>. He then ensured the missions were turned over to the <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscans</a> and later to the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Expedition_to_Las_Californias">Expedition to Las Californias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Expedition to Las Californias"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Portol%C3%A1_expedition" title="Portolá expedition">Portolá expedition</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Portol%C3%A0_expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Portolà expedition">Timeline of the Portolà expedition</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Californias" title="The Californias">The Californias</a></div> <p>Spain was driven to establish <a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_California" title="Spanish missions in California">missions</a> and other outposts on the Pacific Coast north of the <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja California Peninsula">Baja California Peninsula</a> by fears that the territory would be claimed by foreign powers, in addition to its Catholic proselytizing mission and need for additional sources of income. The <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British</a>, who had established <a href="/wiki/British_North_America" title="British North America">several colonies</a> on the East Coast of North America, had also sent explorers into the Pacific. Russian fur hunters were pressing east from <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Bering_Strait" title="Bering Strait">Bering Strait</a> into the <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands" title="Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a> and beyond. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_(1769-1770).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_%281769-1770%29.png/220px-Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_%281769-1770%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_%281769-1770%29.png/330px-Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_%281769-1770%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_%281769-1770%29.png/440px-Map_of_the_Portol%C3%A1_Expedition_of_California_%281769-1770%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1022" data-file-height="1171" /></a><figcaption>Map of the <a href="/wiki/Portol%C3%A1_expedition" title="Portolá expedition">Portolá expedition</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Dispatches of January 23, 1768, exchanged between King Carlos and the viceroy, set the wheels in motion to extend Spain's control up the Pacific Coast and establish colonies and missions at <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Bay" title="San Diego Bay">San Diego Bay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monterey_Bay" title="Monterey Bay">Monterey Bay</a>, which had been discovered and described in reports by earlier explorers <a href="/wiki/Juan_Cabrillo" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Cabrillo">Juan Cabrillo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Vizca%C3%ADno" title="Sebastián Vizcaíno">Sebastián Vizcaíno</a>. Vizcaíno had mapped the California coastline as far north as Monterey in 1602, but no significant Spanish settlement or even trading station had followed because those earlier explorations had failed to find a good harbor that the Spanish could have used for their long-standing Pacific maritime trade between Asia and Mexico: Monterey Bay, sighted by both Cabrillo and Vizcaíno, was exposed to rough currents and winds. </p><p>In May 1768, the Spanish Visitor General, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_G%C3%A1lvez" class="mw-redirect" title="José de Gálvez">José de Gálvez</a>, began to organize an <a href="/wiki/Portol%C3%A1_expedition" title="Portolá expedition">expedition</a>, by sea and by land. Portolá was created "Governor of the Californias" and given overall command. <a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADpero_Serra" title="Junípero Serra">Junípero Serra</a>, leader of the expedition's <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> missionaries, took command of spiritual matters. Sea and land detachments were to meet at San Diego Bay. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_(2009)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_%282009%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_%282009%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_%282009%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_%282009%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_%282009%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Bay_Discovery_Site_vista_%282009%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2950" data-file-height="2045" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Portol%C3%A1_expedition" title="Portolá expedition">Portolá expedition</a> monument in <a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica, California</a> honoring Portolá's first sighting of <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first ship, the <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_(ship)" title="San Carlos (ship)"><i>San Carlos</i></a>, sailed from <a href="/wiki/La_Paz,_Baja_California_Sur" title="La Paz, Baja California Sur">La Paz</a> on January 10, 1769 and a second, the <i>San Antonio</i> sailed from <a href="/wiki/Cabo_San_Lucas" title="Cabo San Lucas">Cabo San Lucas</a> on February 15. At the same time, the various elements of the land parties began to move north from <a href="/wiki/Loreto,_Baja_California_Sur" title="Loreto, Baja California Sur">Loreto, Baja California Sur</a>. The land expedition was assembled at Velicatá, where Serra established his first new <a href="/wiki/Misi%C3%B3n_San_Fernando_Rey_de_Espa%C3%B1a_de_Velicat%C3%A1" title="Misión San Fernando Rey de España de Velicatá">mission</a>. From there, Portolá's plan called for splitting the land expedition in two. The lead group, charged with building a wagon trail and pacifying the natives, was led by Captain <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Rivera_y_Moncada" title="Fernando Rivera y Moncada">Fernando Rivera y Moncada</a>, and departed from Velicatá on March 24. With Rivera was the priest <a href="/wiki/Juan_Cresp%C3%AD" title="Juan Crespí">Juan Crespí</a>, diarist for the Franciscans. The expedition led by Portolá, which included <a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADpero_Serra" title="Junípero Serra">Junípero Serra</a> (the President of the Missions), along with a combination of missionaries, settlers, and leather-jacket soldiers, including <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Raimundo_Carrillo" title="José Raimundo Carrillo">José Raimundo Carrillo</a>, left Velicatá on May 15. Junípero Serra founded two more missions during the expedition: <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_de_Alcal%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego de Alcalá">San Diego de Alcalá</a> on July 16, 1769 and <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Carlos_Borromeo_de_Carmelo" title="Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo">Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo</a> on June 3, 1770. </p><p>Rivera reached the site of present-day <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> in May, established a camp in the area that is now <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_San_Diego" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Town San Diego">Old Town</a> and awaited the arrival of the others. Because of an error by Vizcaíno in determining the latitude of the San Diego Harbor, the ships passed by it and landed too far north before finding their way back. The <i>San Antonio</i> arrived on April 11 and the <i>San Carlos</i>, the first ship to leave La Paz, having met with fierce winds and storms on the journey, arrived on April 29. A third vessel was to follow with supplies, but it was probably lost at sea. The land expedition of Portolá arrived on June 29. After their arduous journeys, most of the men aboard ship were ill, chiefly from <a href="/wiki/Scurvy" title="Scurvy">scurvy</a>, and many had died. Out of a total of 219 who left Baja California, little more than 100 now survived. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG/220px-Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG/330px-Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG/440px-Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga._Castellnou_de_Montsec._Monument_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Portolá in <a href="/wiki/Sant_Esteve_de_la_Sarga" title="Sant Esteve de la Sarga">Sant Esteve de la Sarga</a>, Catalonia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Eager to press on to <a href="/wiki/Monterey_Bay" title="Monterey Bay">Monterey Bay</a>, Portolá and his expedition, consisting of Juan Crespí, 63 leather-jacket soldiers and 100 mules loaded down with provisions, headed north on July 14, 1769, marching two to four leagues (1 league = 2.6 miles) a day. The expedition recorded an <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquake</a> on July 28 at the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_River" title="Santa Ana River">Santa Ana River</a>. On July 29 they reached the site of present-day <a href="/wiki/Fullerton,_California" title="Fullerton, California">Fullerton, California</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hillcrest_Park_(Fullerton)" title="Hillcrest Park (Fullerton)">Hillcrest Park</a>. On July 30, the expedition crossed the <a href="/wiki/Puente_Hills" title="Puente Hills">Puente Hills</a> at a pass in <a href="/wiki/La_Habra,_California" title="La Habra, California">La Habra</a> (North Harbor Boulevard). They moved north-west to the <a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel_River_(California)" title="San Gabriel River (California)">San Gabriel River</a> (near <a href="/wiki/El_Monte,_California" title="El Monte, California">El Monte</a>) where they built a bridge to cross over. This bridge ('La Puente' in Crespi's diary) is remembered in the name of today's nearby city of <a href="/wiki/La_Puente,_California" title="La Puente, California">La Puente</a>. They arrived in what is now <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> on August 2 (where the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_River" title="Los Angeles River">Los Angeles River</a> and Arroyo Seco river meet). The following day, they marched out the Indian trail that would one day become <a href="/wiki/Wilshire_Boulevard" title="Wilshire Boulevard">Wilshire Boulevard</a> to the present site of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California" title="Santa Monica, California">Santa Monica</a>. Winding around to the area of later <a href="/wiki/Saugus,_Santa_Clarita,_California" title="Saugus, Santa Clarita, California">Saugus</a>, now part of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clarita,_California" title="Santa Clarita, California">Santa Clarita</a>, they reached the area to become <a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California" title="Santa Barbara, California">Santa Barbara</a> on August 19, and the present-day <a href="/wiki/San_Simeon,_California" title="San Simeon, California">San Simeon</a> area on September 13. Unable to remain on the coast due to the steep, difficult terrain, the party turned inland. They marched through the San Antonio Valley and on October 1, Portolá's party emerged from the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Lucia_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Lucia Mountains">Santa Lucia Mountains</a> and reached the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Salinas_River_(California)" title="Salinas River (California)">Salinas River</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estracto_de_noticias_del_puerto_de_Monterrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Estracto_de_noticias_del_puerto_de_Monterrey.jpg/170px-Estracto_de_noticias_del_puerto_de_Monterrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Estracto_de_noticias_del_puerto_de_Monterrey.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="379" /></a><figcaption>The famous <i>Estracto de Noticias</i> written by Portolá in 1770 is the first published account of Spanish settlements in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>After a march of some 400 miles (640 km) from San Diego and about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from Velicatá, they had reached the bay they were seeking. But they failed to discern the coastline's semi-circular shape, described by Vizcaíno as round like an "O", even though members of the party had twice marched along its beach. Having failed to find their goal, they marched on north and reached the area at the north end of the bay, where Crespí named a creek <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_California" title="Santa Cruz, California">Santa Cruz</a> on October 18. Pushing on, they reached a creek in the present-day town of <a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica</a> on October 31. </p><p>On November 4, having crossed the low coastal mountain range above the creek, the party was stunned to catch a glimpse of the enormous <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a> from the mountain range, as the bay was previously unknown to the Spanish. This sighting was crucial to the later settlement of California because unlike Monterey Bay, it was surrounded by land on all sides except the Golden Gate, and thus it was not exposed to rough ocean currents as was Monterey Bay, which had been known to the Spanish since Cabrillo's exploration in the sixteenth century. Despite the earlier explorations of Cabrillo and Vizcaíno, and despite two centuries of Spanish sailing the Pacific for trade between Asia and Mexico, the San Francisco Bay had been missed because of the fog that frequently shrouded its entrance. If the San Francisco Bay had been discovered earlier, the region surrounding would have been settled by the Spanish earlier since it would have provided a safe, convenient harbor for Spain's Pacific maritime trade. </p><p>Portolá's party then headed back to San Diego, exploring and naming many localities in the region south of what eventually became known as the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a>. Surviving on mule meat for most of the journey, they arrived on January 24, 1770. </p><p>On their way past Monterey Bay, they again failed to recognize it as the same bay that Vizcaíno had described in 1602. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_expedition">Second expedition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second expedition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola,_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola%2C_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg/220px-Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola%2C_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola%2C_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg/330px-Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola%2C_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola%2C_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg/440px-Monument_in_Barcelona_to_Gaspar_de_Portola%2C_1st_Governor_of_California.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1399" data-file-height="1987" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Portolá at <a href="/wiki/Montju%C3%AFc_Castle" title="Montjuïc Castle">Montjuïc Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, by Catalan sculptor <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llu%C3%ADs_Montan%C3%A9_i_Mollfulleda" class="extiw" title="ca:Lluís Montané i Mollfulleda">Lluís Montané i Mollfulleda</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_(Preixens).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_%28Preixens%29.JPG/170px-Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_%28Preixens%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_%28Preixens%29.JPG/255px-Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_%28Preixens%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_%28Preixens%29.JPG/340px-Placa_a_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_davant_el_Castell_de_Pradell_%28Preixens%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3672" data-file-height="4896" /></a><figcaption>Plaque honoring Gaspar de Portolá at the <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castell_de_Pradell_de_Si%C3%B3" class="extiw" title="ca:Castell de Pradell de Sió">Castle of Pradell de Sió</a>, his family's ancestral home in <a href="/wiki/Preixens" title="Preixens">Preixens</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>One of Portolá's officers, Captain Vicente Vila, convinced him that he had actually been exactly on the Bay of Monterey when he placed his second cross at what later became <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Grove,_California" title="Pacific Grove, California">Pacific Grove</a>. After replenishing supplies at San Diego, Portolá and Serra decided on a joint expedition by land and sea to again search for the bay and establish a colony if they were successful. The <i>San Antonio</i> sailed on April 16, 1770. On board were Serra, Miguel Costansó, military engineer and cartographer, and Doctor Pedro Prat, army surgeon, along with a cargo of supplies for the new mission at Monterey. On April 17, after mustering what forces he could, Portolá's land expedition, which included lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fages" title="Pedro Fages">Pedro Fages</a>, 12 Spanish volunteers, seven leather-jacket soldiers, five Baja California Indians, two <a href="/wiki/Arriero" title="Arriero">muleteers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Cresp%C3%AD" title="Juan Crespí">Juan Crespí</a> serving as the expedition's chaplain, again marched north. </p><p>The expedition followed the same route they had the previous winter while returning to San Diego. After 36 days on the road, with only two days of rest, Portolá arrived at his second cross on May 24, 1770. He then saw that on a clear day and from a certain point of view the round harbor assumed the proportions described by the earlier enthusiastic explorers. Having recognized the bay, a Mass was conducted near the oak tree that the Carmelite missionaries with Vizcaíno had worshiped under in 1603, and possession was officially taken. On June 3, 1770, they laid the beginnings of the <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Carlos_Borromeo_de_Carmelo" title="Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo">Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo</a> and founded the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_Monterey,_California" title="Presidio of Monterey, California">Presidio of Monterey</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Governor Portolá's task was finished. He then left Captain <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fages" title="Pedro Fages">Pedro Fages</a> in charge, and on June 9 he sailed for <a href="/wiki/San_Blas,_Nayarit" title="San Blas, Nayarit">San Blas</a>, never to return to Upper California. In 1776, Portolá was appointed the governor of <a href="/wiki/Puebla" title="Puebla">Puebla</a>. After the appointment of his successor in 1784, he was advanced money for expenses and returned to Spain, where he served as commander of the <i>Numancia</i> cavalry dragoon regiment. On February 7, 1786 he was appointed King's Lieutenant for the strongholds and castles of Lleida. He died that same year, in October. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memorials">Memorials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:169px;max-width:169px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:222px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg/167px-Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg/251px-Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg/334px-Est%C3%A0tua_de_Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0_a_Arties.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:169px;max-width:169px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:222px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg/167px-Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg/251px-Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg/334px-Gaspar_de_Portola_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Twin statues of Gaspar de Portolá by Spanish sculptor <a href="/wiki/Josep_Maria_Subirachs" title="Josep Maria Subirachs">Josep Maria Subirachs</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Naut_Aran" title="Naut Aran">Arties, Catalonia</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica, California</a> (right). They were a gift to the people of California by the <a href="/wiki/Generalitat_of_Catalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalitat of Catalonia">Generalitat of Catalonia</a> in 1988.</div></div></div></div> <p>A 9 foot (2.7 m) statue in <a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica, California</a> was sculpted by the <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalan</a> sculptor <a href="/wiki/Josep_Maria_Subirachs" title="Josep Maria Subirachs">Josep Maria Subirachs</a> and his associate, Francesc Carulla. It was given to the people of California by the <a href="/wiki/Generalitat_of_Catalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalitat of Catalonia">Catalan government</a> in 1988. The statue was taken down on January 18, 2024, after years of complaint that the statue was honoring European colonization in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A ten-foot high oil-on-canvas portrait of Portolá by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Herter" title="Albert Herter">Albert Herter</a> in 1929 hangs in the <a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Riordan_Central_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard J. Riordan Central Library">Los Angeles Central Library's</a> History Room.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city of <a href="/wiki/Portola,_California" title="Portola, California">Portola</a> in <a href="/wiki/Plumas_County,_California" title="Plumas County, California">Plumas County</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the town of <a href="/wiki/Portola_Valley,_California" title="Portola Valley, California">Portola Valley</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo County</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Portola,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Portola, San Francisco">Portola neighborhood of San Francisco</a> were named after Portolà. </p><p>A number of schools in California were also named after him, including Portola Hills Elementary School in <a href="/wiki/Portola_Hills,_California" title="Portola Hills, California">Portola Hills</a>, Portola Elementary School in <a href="/wiki/San_Bruno,_California" title="San Bruno, California">San Bruno</a>, Gaspar de Portola Middle School in <a href="/wiki/Tierrasanta,_San_Diego" title="Tierrasanta, San Diego">Tierrasanta</a>, Portola Middle School in <a href="/wiki/Tarzana,_Los_Angeles" title="Tarzana, Los Angeles">Tarzana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portola_Middle_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Portola Middle School">Portola Middle School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Orange,_California" title="Orange, California">Orange</a>, & Portola High School in <a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine</a>. The school in Orange is close to the spot where the expedition crossed the Santa Ana River, and the school has a 60-foot mural depicting the Portolà Expedition. </p><p>Portola Parkway running through Irvine and Lake Forest (though not connected as of 2018), was also named after Portolà. It is said that Portolà used the same route Portola Parkway now runs across. Portola Drive, which runs parallel to and near the Monterey Bay shoreline, is the main street of the <a href="/wiki/Pleasure_Point,_California" title="Pleasure Point, California">Pleasure Point</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz County</a>. Portola Avenue is also a north-south street located in <a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert,_California" title="Palm Desert, California">Palm Desert</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a>. </p><p>In World War II, the United States <a href="/wiki/Liberty_ship" title="Liberty ship">liberty ship</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=SS_Gaspar_de_Portola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SS Gaspar de Portola (page does not exist)">SS <i>Gaspar de Portola</i></a> was named in his honor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factcards.califa.org/exp/portola.html">factcards.califa.org, Gaspar de Portolá i Rovira</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLambert2024" class="citation news cs1">Lambert, Clay (January 18, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pacificatribune.com/news/portola-statue-removed-after-years-of-complaint/article_36076600-b629-11ee-9d8d-13901e472bed.html">"Portola statue removed after years of complaint"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pacifica_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacifica Tribune">Pacifica Tribune</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacifica+Tribune&rft.atitle=Portola+statue+removed+after+years+of+complaint&rft.date=2024-01-18&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Clay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pacificatribune.com%2Fnews%2Fportola-statue-removed-after-years-of-complaint%2Farticle_36076600-b629-11ee-9d8d-13901e472bed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://calisphere.org/item/836de14459c5d1928e070a64850f41d9/">"History Department Murals, Los Angeles Public Library"</a>. <i>Calisphere, University of California</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Calisphere%2C+University+of+California&rft.atitle=History+Department+Murals%2C+Los+Angeles+Public+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcalisphere.org%2Fitem%2F836de14459c5d1928e070a64850f41d9%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tessa2.lapl.org/digital/collection/photos/id/112840">"History Department Murals, Los Angeles Public Library"</a>. <i>TESSA, Digital Collections of the Los Angeles Public Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TESSA%2C+Digital+Collections+of+the+Los+Angeles+Public+Library&rft.atitle=History+Department+Murals%2C+Los+Angeles+Public+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftessa2.lapl.org%2Fdigital%2Fcollection%2Fphotos%2Fid%2F112840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1940" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Thomas P. (May 30, 1940). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=405lAAAAIBAJ&pg=775%2C5627048">"Over the Sierra"</a>. <i>Indian Valley Record</i>. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_News" title="Google News">Google News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Valley+Record&rft.atitle=Over+the+Sierra&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1940-05-30&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Thomas+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D405lAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D775%252C5627048&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_information">Further information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlvarez" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Alvarez, Jose Manuel Serrano. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/10063/gaspar-de-portola-y-rovira">"Gaspar de Portolá and Rovira"</a>. <i>Real Academia de la Historia</i> (in Spanish).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.atitle=Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1+and+Rovira&rft.aulast=Alvarez&rft.aufirst=Jose+Manuel+Serrano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdbe.rah.es%2Fbiografias%2F10063%2Fgaspar-de-portola-y-rovira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrespíAlan_K_Brown2001" class="citation book cs1">Crespí, Juan; Alan K Brown (2001). <i>A Description of Distant Roads: Original Journals of the First Expedition into California, 1769–1770</i>. San Diego: San Diego State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-879691-64-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-879691-64-7"><bdi>1-879691-64-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Description+of+Distant+Roads%3A+Original+Journals+of+the+First+Expedition+into+California%2C+1769%26ndash%3B1770&rft.place=San+Diego&rft.pub=San+Diego+State+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-879691-64-7&rft.aulast=Cresp%C3%AD&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.au=Alan+K+Brown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowgego2003" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Howgego, Raymond John, ed. (2003). "Portola, Gaspar de". <i>Encyclopedia of Exploration to 1800</i>. Hordern House. pp. <span class="nowrap">853–</span>854. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1875567364" title="Special:BookSources/1875567364"><bdi>1875567364</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Portola%2C+Gaspar+de&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Exploration+to+1800&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E853-%3C%2Fspan%3E854&rft.pub=Hordern+House&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1875567364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuttall1971" class="citation journal cs1">Nuttall, Donald A. (1971). "Gaspar de Portolá: Disenchanted Conquistador of Spanish Upper California". <i>Southern California Quarterly</i>. <b>53</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">185–</span>198. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F41170367">10.2307/41170367</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41170367">41170367</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+California+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Gaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1%3A+Disenchanted+Conquistador+of+Spanish+Upper+California&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E185-%3C%2Fspan%3E198&rft.date=1971&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F41170367&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41170367%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Nuttall&rft.aufirst=Donald+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaspar+de+Portol%C3%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gaspar de Portolà">Gaspar de Portolà</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sandiegohistory.org/bio/portola/portola.htm">Biography of Gaspar de Portolá</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090503155856/http://www.sandiegohistory.org/bio/portola/portola.htm">Archived</a> 2009-05-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the San Diego Historical Society website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historyandculture.com/chcc/explorers.html">Early Exploration of San Diego: 1542 to 1769</a> at the California History & Culture Conservancy website (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030509094054/http://historyandculture.com/chcc/explorers.html">archived</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ci.pacifica.ca.us/HISTORY/portola.html">Portolá's History and Statue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica, California</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19961031163947/http://www.ci.pacifica.ca.us/HISTORY/portola.html">archived</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.quicksilver.net.nz/jcr/~vspanish1.html">Spanish exploration of the Northwest Coast of North America</a> website article (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020202082350/http://pages.quicksilver.net.nz/jcr/~vspanish1.html">archived</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/goga/historyculture/upload/San-Mateo-HSR-Part-II-Sweeney-Ridge.pdf">Sweeney Ridge, Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a> Portola Discovery Site in San Mateo County, California</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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class="nobold">(1769–1822)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Capt. Portolá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fages" title="Pedro Fages">Col. Fages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Rivera_y_Moncada" title="Fernando Rivera y Moncada">Capt. Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_de_Neve" title="Felipe de Neve">Capt-Gen. de Neve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fages" title="Pedro Fages">Col. Fages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Rom%C3%A9u" title="José Antonio Roméu">Capt. Roméu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_de_Arrillaga" title="José Joaquín de Arrillaga">Capt. Arrillaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Borica" title="Diego de Borica">Col. Bórica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Albern%C3%AD_y_Teixidor" title="Pedro de Alberní y Teixidor">Lt. Col. Alberní</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_de_Arrillaga" title="José Joaquín de Arrillaga">Capt. Arrillaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Dar%C3%ADo_Arg%C3%BCello" title="José Darío Argüello">Capt. J. Argüello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Vicente_de_Sol%C3%A1" title="Pablo Vicente de Solá">Don Solá</a></li></ol> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_40th_Governor_of_California.png/100px-Seal_of_the_40th_Governor_of_California.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_40th_Governor_of_California.png/150px-Seal_of_the_40th_Governor_of_California.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_40th_Governor_of_California.png/200px-Seal_of_the_40th_Governor_of_California.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="519" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1824_Constitution_of_Mexico" title="1824 Constitution of Mexico">Under Mexico<br /><span class="nobold">(1822–1846)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Antonio_Arg%C3%BCello" title="Luis Antonio Argüello">Capt. L. Argüello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Echeand%C3%ADa" title="José María de Echeandía">Lt. Col. Echeandía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Victoria" title="Manuel Victoria">Gen. Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADo_Pico" title="Pío Pico">Don P. Pico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Echeand%C3%ADa" title="José María de Echeandía">Lt. Col. Echeandía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Figueroa" title="José Figueroa">Brig. Gen. Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Castro" title="José Castro">Lt. Col. Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Nicolás Gutiérrez">Lt. Col. Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Chico" title="Mariano Chico">Col. Chico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Nicolás Gutiérrez">Lt. Col. Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_Alvarado" title="Juan Bautista Alvarado">Pres. Alvarado</a> <b>·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Antonio_Carrillo" title="Carlos Antonio Carrillo">Carrillo</a></i> (rival)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Micheltorena" title="Manuel Micheltorena">Brig. Gen. Micheltorena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADo_Pico" title="Pío Pico">Don P. Pico</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Under U.S. military<br /><span class="nobold">(1846–1850)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Sloat" title="John D. Sloat">Cdre. Sloat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Stockton" title="Robert F. Stockton">Cdre. Stockton</a> <b>·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Flores" title="José María Flores">Gen. Flores</a></i> (rival)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_W._Kearny" title="Stephen W. Kearny">Gen. Kearny</a> <b>·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">Maj. Frémont</a></i> (mutineer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Barnes_Mason" title="Richard Barnes Mason">Gen. Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persifor_Frazer_Smith" title="Persifor Frazer Smith">Gen. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennet_C._Riley" title="Bennet C. Riley">Gen. Riley</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">U.S. state<br /><span class="nobold">(since 1850)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hardeman_Burnett" title="Peter Hardeman Burnett">Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McDougal" title="John McDougal">McDougal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bigler" title="John Bigler">Bigler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Neely_Johnson" title="J. Neely Johnson">J. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Weller" title="John B. Weller">Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Latham" title="Milton Latham">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Downey" title="John G. Downey">Downey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leland_Stanford" title="Leland Stanford">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Low" title="Frederick Low">Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Huntly_Haight" title="Henry Huntly Haight">Haight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Booth" title="Newton Booth">Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romualdo_Pacheco" title="Romualdo Pacheco">Pacheco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Irwin_(California_politician)" title="William Irwin (California politician)">Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Perkins" title="George C. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stoneman" title="George Stoneman">Stoneman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Bartlett" title="Washington Bartlett">Bartlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Waterman_(governor)" title="Robert Waterman (governor)">Waterman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Markham" title="Henry Markham">Markham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Budd" title="James Budd">Budd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_T._Gage" title="Henry T. Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pardee" title="George Pardee">Pardee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gillett" title="James Gillett">Gillett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Johnson" title="Hiram Johnson">H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stephens_(American_politician)" title="William Stephens (American politician)">Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friend_Richardson" title="Friend Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._C._Young" title="C. C. 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