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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">17th-century English politician and religious radical</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For English peer and businessman, born in 1920, see <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Fiennes,_21st_Baron_Saye_and_Sele" title="Nathaniel Fiennes, 21st Baron Saye and Sele">Nathaniel Fiennes, 21st Baron Saye and Sele</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Nathaniel Fiennes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:NathanielFiennes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NathanielFiennes.jpg/220px-NathanielFiennes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NathanielFiennes.jpg/330px-NathanielFiennes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NathanielFiennes.jpg/440px-NathanielFiennes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1348" data-file-height="1798" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Nathaniel Fiennes <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1640</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of Parliament<br />for <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxford University (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxford University</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 1656 – February 1658</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal" title="Lord Keeper of the Great Seal">Lord Keeper of the Great Seal</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />June 1655 – April 1659</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of Parliament<br />for <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxfordshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxfordshire</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 1654 – January 1655</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a> Governor of <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 1643 – July 1643</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of Parliament<br />for <a href="/wiki/Banbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Banbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Banbury</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 1640 – December 1648 <br /> (Fiennes excluded by <a href="/wiki/Pride%27s_Purge" title="Pride's Purge">Pride's Purge</a>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1608<br /><a href="/wiki/Broughton_Castle" title="Broughton Castle">Broughton Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">16 December 1669<span style="display:none">(1669-12-16)</span> (aged 61)<br /><a href="/wiki/Newton_Tony" title="Newton Tony">Newton Tony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>(1) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Elizabeth Eliot</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="11 August 1636">1636</span>)<wbr /></div></li><li>(2) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Frances Whitehead</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1650)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">(1) Nathaniel (1637–1672); William (1639–1698) <br /> (2) Anne; Frances; <a href="/wiki/Celia_Fiennes" title="Celia Fiennes">Celia</a> (1662–1741); Mary (1663–1737)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_College,_Oxford" title="New College, Oxford">New College, Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Religious radical, peer and politician</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_English_Civil_War" title="First English Civil War">First English Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Powick_Bridge" title="Battle of Powick Bridge">Powick Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Edgehill" title="Battle of Edgehill">Edgehill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storming_of_Bristol" title="Storming of Bristol">Storming of Bristol</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nathaniel Fiennes</b>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1608 to 16 December 1669, was a younger son of the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> nobleman and politician, <a href="/wiki/William_Fiennes,_1st_Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele">William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele</a>. He sat in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_England" title="House of Commons of England">House of Commons</a> at various times between 1640 and 1659, and served with the <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a> army in the <a href="/wiki/First_English_Civil_War" title="First English Civil War">First English Civil War</a>. In 1643, he was dismissed from the army for alleged incompetence after surrendering <a href="/wiki/Storming_of_Bristol" title="Storming of Bristol">Bristol</a> and sentenced to death before being pardoned. Exonerated in 1645, he actively supported <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> during <a href="/wiki/The_Protectorate" title="The Protectorate">The Protectorate</a>, being <a href="/wiki/Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal" title="Lord Keeper of the Great Seal">Lord Keeper of the Great Seal</a> from 1655 to 1659. </p><p>Elected to the <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a> in November 1640, Fiennes played a leading role in the opposition to <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> prior to the outbreak of civil war in August 1642. In the early years of the war, his objections to any form of <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">established church</a> aligned him with Cromwell and the <a href="/wiki/Independent_(religion)" title="Independent (religion)">Independents</a>, rather than the moderate <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterians</a> who dominated Parliament. However, his belief in a balanced political solution meant that after Parliament's victory in 1646, he supported a compromise <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Newport" title="Treaty of Newport">peace settlement</a> with <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a>. As a result, he was one of the <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Parliament">MPs</a> excluded by <a href="/wiki/Pride%27s_Purge" title="Pride's Purge">Pride's Purge</a> in December 1648 along with his younger brother <a href="/wiki/John_Fiennes" title="John Fiennes">John Fiennes</a>, and played no part in the <a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Charles_I" title="Execution of Charles I">Execution of Charles I</a>. </p><p>Fiennes re-entered politics when Cromwell became <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a> in 1653, sitting as an MP in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">Second</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Third Protectorate Parliament">Third Protectorate Parliaments</a>, as well as being made Lord Keeper of the Great Seal in June 1655. After Cromwell died in September 1658, he backed the succession of his son <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a> as Lord Protector, but lost office when the latter resigned in April 1659. Following the 1660 <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Restoration" title="Stuart Restoration">Stuart Restoration</a>, he was pardoned under the <a href="/wiki/Indemnity_and_Oblivion_Act" title="Indemnity and Oblivion Act">Indemnity and Oblivion Act</a>, and lived quietly at home in <a href="/wiki/Newton_Tony" title="Newton Tony">Newton Tony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, until his death on 16 December 1669. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_details">Personal details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Broughton_castle2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Broughton_castle2.jpg/220px-Broughton_castle2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Broughton_castle2.jpg/330px-Broughton_castle2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Broughton_castle2.jpg/440px-Broughton_castle2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption>Family home, <a href="/wiki/Broughton_Castle" title="Broughton Castle">Broughton Castle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Nathaniel Fiennes was born <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1608 at <a href="/wiki/Broughton_Castle" title="Broughton Castle">Broughton Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>, second son of <a href="/wiki/William_Fiennes,_1st_Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele">William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele</a> (1582–1662), and Elizabeth Temple (died 1648). Siblings included his elder brother <a href="/wiki/James_Fiennes,_2nd_Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="James Fiennes, 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele">James</a> (1602–1674), <a href="/wiki/Bridget_Clinton,_Countess_of_Lincoln" title="Bridget Clinton, Countess of Lincoln">Bridget</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Fiennes" title="John Fiennes">John</a> (1612–1708), Constance and Elizabeth. </p><p>He was twice married, the first time in August 1636 to Elizabeth Eliot (1616–1648?), daughter of Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_(statesman)" title="John Eliot (statesman)">John Eliot</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Parliament">MP</a> who played a leading role in passing the 1628 <a href="/wiki/Petition_of_Right" title="Petition of Right">Petition of Right</a>; he was later imprisoned by <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>, where he died in 1632.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERussell2004_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERussell2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had two surviving sons, Nathaniel (1637–1672), who inherited his fathers' estates, and William (1639–1698), who succeeded his uncle James as Third <a href="/wiki/Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="Viscount Saye and Sele">Viscount Saye and Sele</a> in 1674.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elizabeth died sometime before 1650 when Fiennes married again, this time to Frances Whitehead (1621–1691). They had four daughters, Anne, Frances, Mary (1663–1737) and <a href="/wiki/Celia_Fiennes" title="Celia Fiennes">Celia</a> (1662–1741), later well known for a series of books recording her travels around Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fiennes attended <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester College</a>, then entered <a href="/wiki/New_College,_Oxford" title="New College, Oxford">New College, Oxford</a> in 1619. He graduated in 1624 without a <a href="/wiki/Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">degree</a>, but was made a perpetual <a href="/wiki/Fellow" title="Fellow">fellow</a> of the college as "<a href="/wiki/Founder%27s_kin" class="mw-redirect" title="Founder's kin">founder's kin</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like his <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> father, he strongly opposed <a href="/wiki/Laudianism" title="Laudianism">Laudianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Episcopacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopacy">Episcopacy</a> in any form, opinions strengthened by his residence in the <a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a> stronghold of <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He returned to Scotland in 1639, and established communications with the <a href="/wiki/Covenanter" class="mw-redirect" title="Covenanter">Covenanters</a> and the Opposition in England. As Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Banbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Banbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Banbury</a> in both the <a href="/wiki/Short_Parliament" title="Short Parliament">Short</a> and <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long</a> Parliaments he took a prominent part in the attacks upon the church.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He spoke against the illegal canons<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Language assumes prior knowledge (December 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> on 14 December 1640, and again on 9 February 1641 on the occasion of the reception of the <a href="/wiki/Root_and_Branch_petition" title="Root and Branch petition">Root and Branch petition</a>, when he argued against episcopacy as constituting a political as well as a religious danger and made an impression on the <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">House of Commons</a>, his name being added immediately to the committee appointed to deal with church affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He took a leading part in the examination into the army plot; was one of the commissioners appointed to attend the king to Scotland in August 1641; and was nominated one of the committee of safety<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Assumes prior knowledge (December 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in July 1642. On the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">outbreak of hostilities</a> he took arms immediately, commanded a troop of horse in the army of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_3rd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex">Lord Essex</a>, was present at the relief of Coventry in August, and at the fight at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Powick_Bridge" title="Battle of Powick Bridge">Powick Bridge</a>, Worcester in September, where he distinguished himself, and subsequently at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Edgehill" title="Battle of Edgehill">Edgehill</a>. Of the last two engagements he wrote accounts, viz. <i>True and Exact Relation of both the Battles fought by ... Earl of Essex against the Bloudy Cavaliers</i> (1642). (See also <i>A Narrative of the Late Battle before Worcester taken by a Gentleman of the Inns of Court from the mouth of Master Fiennes</i>, 1642).<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1643, Fiennes was sent down to <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirthRait191184–5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirthRait191184–5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> arrested Colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Essex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Essex (page does not exist)">Thomas Essex</a> the governor, executed the two leaders of a plot (<a href="/wiki/Robert_Yeamans" title="Robert Yeamans">Robert Yeamans</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Bouchier" title="George Bouchier">George Bouchier</a>) to deliver up the city, and received a commission himself as governor on 1 May 1643. On the arrival, however, of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Rupert_of_the_Rhine" title="Prince Rupert of the Rhine">Prince Rupert</a> on 22 July, although the place was in no condition to resist an attack, Fiennes held out until Rupert's troops had forced an entry into the city and further resistance was both hopeless and a waste of life. He addressed to Essex a letter in his defence (<i>Thomason Tracts</i> E. 65, 26), drew up for the parliament a <i>Relation concerning the Surrender ...</i> (1643), answered by <a href="/wiki/William_Prynne" title="William Prynne">William Prynne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clement_Walker" title="Clement Walker">Clement Walker</a> accusing him of treachery and cowardice, to which he opposed Col. Fiennes his <i>Reply</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Vague language (December 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <i>...</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hazzard" title="Dorothy Hazzard">Dorothy Hazzard</a> a local preacher gave evidence against him.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was tried at <a href="/wiki/St_Albans" title="St Albans">St Albans</a> by the council of war in December, was pronounced guilty of having surrendered the place improperly, and sentenced to death. He was, however, pardoned,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon1730794_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon1730794-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the facility with which Bristol subsequently capitulated to the parliamentary army induced Cromwell and the generals to exonerate him completely. His military career nevertheless came to an end. He went abroad, and it was some time before he reappeared on the political scene.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There has been debate over the legitimacy of the indictments brought against him by Walker and Prynne. Both had lost considerable amounts of money and property in the fall of Bristol and both were politically opposed to Fiennes and his family. Many of the witnesses at the trial could possibly have been politically motivated and there is some evidence Fiennes was the victim of a wider political campaign against his family's political faction.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bristol_(1645)" title="Siege of Bristol (1645)">Bristol</a> was recaptured in 1645, it became clear the problems he faced in 1643 had not been exaggerated, and he was restored as an MP.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGentles199275_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGentles199275-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1647, he was included in the army committee, and on 3 January he became a member of the committee of safety. He was, however, in favour of accepting the King's terms at Newport in December, and in consequence was excluded from the House by <a href="/wiki/Pride%27s_Purge" title="Pride's Purge">Pride's Purge</a>. An opponent of church government in any form, he was opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterianism</a> of the day, and inclined to Independency and Cromwell's party. He was a member of the council of state in 1654, and in June 1655 he received the appointment of commissioner for the custody of the great seal, for which he was poorly suited.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/First_Protectorate_Parliament" title="First Protectorate Parliament">First Protectorate Parliament</a> of 1654 he was returned for <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxfordshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxfordshire</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">Second Protectorate Parliament</a> of 1656 for <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxford University (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxford University</a>. In January 1658 he was included in Cromwell's <a href="/wiki/Cromwell%27s_Upper_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Cromwell's Upper House">House of Lords</a>. He was in favour of the Protector's assumption of the royal title and urged his acceptance of it on several occasions. His public career closes with addresses delivered in his capacity as chief commissioner of the great seal at the beginning of the sessions of 20 January 1658, and 2 January 1659, in which the religious basis of <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Cromwell</a>'s government is especially insisted upon, the feature to which Fiennes throughout his career had attached most value.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He lived at <a href="/wiki/List_of_private_residents_of_Covent_Garden" title="List of private residents of Covent Garden">No. 1 Great Piazza, Covent Garden</a> from 1657 to 1659. </p><p>On the reassembling of the Long Parliament he was superseded; he took no part in the Restoration, and died at Newton Tony in Wiltshire on 16 December 1669.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Besides the pamphlets already cited, a number of his speeches and other political tracts were published (see <i>Gen. Catalogue</i>, British Museum). <a href="/wiki/Anthony_%C3%A0_Wood" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony à Wood">Wood</a> also attributed to him <i>Monarchy Asserted</i> (1660) (reprinted in <a href="/wiki/John_Somers,_1st_Baron_Somers" title="John Somers, 1st Baron Somers">Somers</a> <i>Tracts</i>, vi. 346 ), but there seems no reason to ascribe to him with Clement Walker the authorship of <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Sprigge" class="mw-redirect" title="Joshua Sprigge">Joshua Sprigge</a>'s <i>Anglia Rediviva</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There is some debate as to whether he was entitled to this</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERussell2004-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERussell2004_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRussell2004">Russell 2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwarz2004_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwarz2004">Schwarz 2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>, p. 328</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFirthRait191184–5-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFirthRait191184–5_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFirthRait1911">Firth & Rait 1911</a>, pp. 84–5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-72736">"Hazzard [other married name Kelly], Dorothy (d. 1674), Baptist leader"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F72736">10.1093/ref:odnb/72736</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hazzard+%5Bother+married+name+Kelly%5D%2C+Dorothy+%28d.+1674%29%2C+Baptist+leader&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F72736&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fdisplay%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-72736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon1730794-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon1730794_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon1730">Salmon 1730</a>, p. 794.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGentles199275-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGentles199275_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGentles1992">Gentles 1992</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFirthRait1911" class="citation book cs1">Firth, C.H.; Rait, R.S., eds. (1911). "February 1643: Ordinance for Mr. Fiennes to raise a Regiment of Horse in Gloucestershire, &c., to seize Delinquents' Horses there". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=55783"><i>Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642–1660</i></a>. pp. 84–5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=February+1643%3A+Ordinance+for+Mr.+Fiennes+to+raise+a+Regiment+of+Horse+in+Gloucestershire%2C+%26c.%2C+to+seize+Delinquents%27+Horses+there&rft.btitle=Acts+and+Ordinances+of+the+Interregnum%2C+1642%E2%80%931660&rft.pages=84-5&rft.date=1911&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Freport.asp%3Fcompid%3D55783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGentles1992" class="citation book cs1">Gentles, Ian (1992). <i>The New Model Army in England, Ireland and Scotland, 1645 to 1653</i> (2009 ed.). Wiley Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0631193470" title="Special:BookSources/978-0631193470"><bdi>978-0631193470</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Model+Army+in+England%2C+Ireland+and+Scotland%2C+1645+to+1653&rft.edition=2009&rft.pub=Wiley+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0631193470&rft.aulast=Gentles&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Russell, Conrad (2004). "Eliot, Sir John (1592–1632)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F8630">10.1093/ref:odnb/8630</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eliot%2C+Sir+John+%281592%E2%80%931632%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F8630&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalmon1730" class="citation book cs1">Salmon, Thomas (1730). "Chapter XL. The Trial of Colonel Nathanael Fiennes before a Council of War at St. Albans, for cowardly surrendring the City and Castle of Bristol, the 14th of December 1643. 19 Car. I. Taken out of the Account given thereof by Mr, Prynn and Mr. Walker.". In Emlyn, Sollom (ed.). <i>A complete collection of state-trials, and proceedings for high-treason, and other crimes and misdemeanours: from the reign of King Richard II. to the end of the reign of King George I. With two alphabetical tables to the whole</i>. Vol. 1 (2 ed.). J. Walthoe senior. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vG5UAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA745">745–794</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+XL.+The+Trial+of+Colonel+Nathanael+Fiennes+before+a+Council+of+War+at+St.+Albans%2C+for+cowardly+surrendring+the+City+and+Castle+of+Bristol%2C+the+14th+of+December+1643.+19+Car.+I.+Taken+out+of+the+Account+given+thereof+by+Mr%2C+Prynn+and+Mr.+Walker.&rft.btitle=A+complete+collection+of+state-trials%2C+and+proceedings+for+high-treason%2C+and+other+crimes+and+misdemeanours%3A+from+the+reign+of+King+Richard+II.+to+the+end+of+the+reign+of+King+George+I.+With+two+alphabetical+tables+to+the+whole&rft.pages=745-794&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=J.+Walthoe+senior&rft.date=1730&rft.aulast=Salmon&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwarz2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Schwarz, Marc (2004). "Fiennes, Nathaniel (1607/8–1669)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9413">10.1093/ref:odnb/9413</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fiennes%2C+Nathaniel+%281607%2F8%E2%80%931669%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9413&rft.aulast=Schwarz&rft.aufirst=Marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attribution">Attribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Fiennes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Attribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Fiennes,_Nathaniel" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Fiennes, Nathaniel">Fiennes, Nathaniel</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 328.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fiennes%2C+Nathaniel&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=328&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANathaniel+Fiennes" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament of England</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Personal_Rule" title="Personal Rule">Parliament suspended since 1629</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Banbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Banbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Banbury</a> </b><br />1640–1648 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Not represented in <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">Rump Parliament</a> </b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Wolseley,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Charles Wolseley, 2nd Baronet">Sir Charles Wolseley</a><br /><a href="/wiki/William_Draper_(MP)" title="William Draper (MP)">William Draper</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Goddard_(MP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Goddard (MP)">Dr Jonathan Goddard</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxfordshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxfordshire</a> </b><br />1654 <br />With: <b> <a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Jenkinson,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Jenkinson, 1st Baronet">Robert Jenkinson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fleetwood" title="Charles Fleetwood">Charles Fleetwood</a><br /><a href="/wiki/James_Whitelocke_(Roundhead)" title="James Whitelocke (Roundhead)">Colonel James Whitelocke</a><br /><a href="/wiki/William_Lenthall" title="William Lenthall">William Lenthall</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Jenkinson,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Jenkinson, 1st Baronet">Robert Jenkinson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fleetwood" title="Charles Fleetwood">Lord Deputy Charles Fleetwood</a><br /><a href="/wiki/William_Lenthall" title="William Lenthall">William Lenthall</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Miles_Fleetwood" title="Miles Fleetwood">Miles Fleetwood</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Francis_Norreys_(1609%E2%80%931669)" title="Francis Norreys (1609–1669)">Sir Francis Norreys</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Owen_(theologian)" title="John Owen (theologian)">Dr John Owen</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxford University (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxford University</a> </b><br />1656 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hale_(jurist)" title="Matthew Hale (jurist)">Matthew Hale</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Mylles" title="John Mylles">John Mylles</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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Stuart</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(1649%E2%80%931660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interregnum (1649–1660)">Interregnum</a> (1603–1714)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James I</a><br />(1603–1625)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Egerton,_1st_Viscount_Brackley" title="Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley">1st Viscount Brackley</a> (1603–1617)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Francis Bacon</a> (1617–1621)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(judge)" title="Julius Caesar (judge)">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ley,_1st_Earl_of_Marlborough" title="James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough">1st Earl of Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Montagu,_1st_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester">1st Earl of Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Stewart,_2nd_Duke_of_Lennox" title="Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox">2nd Duke of Lennox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_21st_Earl_of_Arundel" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel">21st Earl of Arundel</a> (1621)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(archbishop_of_York)" title="John Williams (archbishop of York)">John Williams</a> (1621–1625)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a><br />(1625–1649)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coventry,_1st_Baron_Coventry" title="Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry">1st Baron Coventry</a> (1625–1640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Finch,_1st_Baron_Finch" title="John Finch, 1st Baron Finch">1st Baron Finch</a> (1640–1641)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Littleton,_1st_Baron_Lyttelton" title="Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Lyttelton">1st Baron Lyttelton</a> (1641–1645)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lane_(barrister)" title="Richard Lane (barrister)">Richard Lane</a> (1645–1649)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_Council_of_State" title="English Council of State">Council of State</a><br />(1649–1653)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Keble" title="Richard Keble">Richard Keble</a> (1649–1653)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a><br />(1653–1658)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Keble" title="Richard Keble">Richard Keble</a> (1653–1654)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Thomas Widdrington</a> (1654–1656)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a> (1656–1658)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a><br />(1658–1659)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a> (1658–1659)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_Council_of_State" title="English Council of State">Council of State</a><br />(1659–1660)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Lisle" title="John Lisle">John Lisle</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></i> (January–June 1659)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Bradshaw_(judge)" title="John Bradshaw (judge)">John Bradshaw</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tyrrell" title="Thomas Tyrrell">Thomas Tyrrell</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Fountaine" title="John Fountaine">John Fountaine</a></i> (June 1659–1660)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Lenthall" title="William Lenthall">William Lenthall</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Widdrington" title="Thomas Widdrington">Thomas Widdrington</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tyrrell" title="Thomas Tyrrell">Thomas Tyrrell</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Fountaine" title="John Fountaine">John Fountaine</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Edward_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester">2nd Earl of Manchester</a></i> (1660)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a><br />(1660–1685)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hyde,_1st_Earl_of_Clarendon" title="Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon">1st Earl of Clarendon</a> (1660–1667)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Orlando_Bridgeman,_1st_Baronet,_of_Great_Lever" title="Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 1st Baronet, of Great Lever">Sir Orlando Bridgeman</a> (1667–1672)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ashley_Cooper,_1st_Earl_of_Shaftesbury" title="Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury">1st Earl of Shaftesbury</a> (1672–1673)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heneage_Finch,_1st_Earl_of_Nottingham" title="Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham">1st Earl of Nottingham</a> (1673–1682)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_North,_1st_Baron_Guilford" title="Francis North, 1st Baron Guilford">1st Baron Guilford</a> (1682–1685)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II</a><br />(1685–1688)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Jeffreys,_1st_Baron_Jeffreys" title="George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys">1st Baron Jeffreys</a> (1685–1688)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William</a> & <a href="/wiki/Mary_II_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary II of England">Mary</a><br />(1689–1694)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_(1604%E2%80%931690)" title="John Maynard (1604–1690)">John Maynard</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Keck_(Tiverton_MP)" title="Anthony Keck (Tiverton MP)">Anthony Keck</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/William_Rawlinson_(Commissioner)" title="William Rawlinson (Commissioner)">William Rawlinson</a></i> (1689–1690)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Trevor_(speaker)" title="John Trevor (speaker)">John Trevor</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/William_Rawlinson_(Commissioner)" title="William Rawlinson (Commissioner)">William Rawlinson</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/George_Hutchins_(lawyer)" title="George Hutchins (lawyer)">George Hutchins</a></i> (1690–1693)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Somers,_1st_Baron_Somers" title="John Somers, 1st Baron Somers">1st Baron Somers</a> (1693–1694)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III</a><br />(1694–1702)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Somers,_1st_Baron_Somers" title="John Somers, 1st Baron Somers">1st Baron Somers</a> (1693–1700)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Holt_(Lord_Chief_Justice)" title="John Holt (Lord Chief Justice)">John Holt</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/George_Treby_(judge)" title="George Treby (judge)">George Treby</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Edward_Ward_(judge)" title="Edward Ward (judge)">Edward Ward</a></i> (1700)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Wright_(judge)" title="Nathan Wright (judge)">Nathan Wright</a> (1700–1702)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Anne</a><br />(1702–1714)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Wright_(judge)" title="Nathan Wright (judge)">Nathan Wright</a> (1702–1705)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cowper,_1st_Earl_Cowper" title="William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper">1st Earl Cowper</a> (1705–1710)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Trevor,_1st_Baron_Trevor" title="Thomas Trevor, 1st Baron Trevor">1st Baron Trevor</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Tracy_(judge)" title="Robert Tracy (judge)">Robert Tracy</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/John_Scrope_(MP)" title="John Scrope (MP)">John Scrope</a></i> (1710)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Harcourt,_1st_Viscount_Harcourt" title="Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt">1st Viscount Harcourt</a> (1710–1714)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Italics indicate service when the <a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_the_Realm" title="Great Seal of the Realm">Greal Seal</a> was held in Commission</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Westminster_Assembly" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Westminster_Assembly" title="Template:Westminster Assembly"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Westminster_Assembly" title="Template talk:Westminster Assembly"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Westminster_Assembly" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Westminster Assembly"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Westminster_Assembly" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Assembly" title="Westminster Assembly">Westminster Assembly</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Standards" title="Westminster Standards">Documents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Confession_of_Faith" title="Westminster Confession of Faith">Westminster Confession of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Larger_Catechism" title="Westminster Larger Catechism">Westminster Larger Catechism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Shorter_Catechism" title="Westminster Shorter Catechism">Westminster Shorter Catechism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Directory_for_Public_Worship" title="Directory for Public Worship">Directory for Public Worship</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Form_of_Presbyterial_Church_Government" title="The Form of Presbyterial Church Government">Form of Presbyterial Church Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Westminster_Assembly" title="List of members of the Westminster Assembly">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Arrowsmith_(scholar)" title="John Arrowsmith (scholar)">John Arrowsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Ashe" title="Simeon Ashe">Simeon Ashe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Baillie" title="Robert Baillie">Robert Baillie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Baylie" title="Thomas Baylie">Thomas Baylie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Blair_(moderator)" title="Robert Blair (moderator)">Robert Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bolton" title="Samuel Bolton">Samuel Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bond_(jurist)" title="John Bond (jurist)">John Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bridge" title="William Bridge">William Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Brownrigg" title="Ralph Brownrigg">Ralph Brownrigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Burges" title="Anthony Burges">Anthony Burges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Burges" title="Cornelius Burges">Cornelius Burges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Burroughs" title="Jeremiah Burroughs">Jeremiah Burroughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoniram_Byfield" title="Adoniram Byfield">Adoniram Byfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Byfield" title="Richard Byfield">Richard Byfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Calamy_the_Elder" title="Edmund Calamy the Elder">Edmund Calamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_1st_Marquess_of_Argyll" title="Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll">Archibald Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_1st_Earl_of_Loudoun" title="John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun">John Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Capel" title="Richard Capel">Richard Capel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caryl" title="Joseph Caryl">Joseph Caryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Case" title="Thomas Case">Thomas Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cawdry" title="Daniel Cawdry">Daniel Cawdry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cecil,_2nd_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury">William Cecil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Cheynell" title="Francis Cheynell">Francis Cheynell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clotworthy,_1st_Viscount_Massereene" title="John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene">John Clotworthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coleman" title="Thomas Coleman">Thomas Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conant" title="John Conant">John Conant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Conway,_2nd_Viscount_Conway" title="Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Conway">Edward Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cook_(regicide)" title="John Cook (regicide)">John Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Corbet" title="Edward Corbet">Edward Corbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crosse_(theologian)" title="Robert Crosse (theologian)">Robert Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_3rd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex">Robert Devereux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Douglas_(minister)" title="Robert Douglas (minister)">Robert Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calybute_Downing" title="Calybute Downing">Calybute Downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dury" title="John Dury">John Dury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Earle_(bishop)" title="John Earle (bishop)">John Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elphinstone,_2nd_Lord_Balmerino" title="John Elphinstone, 2nd Lord Balmerino">John Elphinstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Featley" title="Daniel Featley">Daniel Featley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_Feilding,_2nd_Earl_of_Denbigh" title="Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh">Basil Feilding</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nathaniel Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fiennes,_1st_Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele">William Fiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ford_(minister)" title="Thomas Ford (minister)">Thomas Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gataker" title="Thomas Gataker">Thomas Gataker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gillespie" title="George Gillespie">George Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Glynne_(judge)" title="John Glynne (judge)">John Glynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Goodwin" title="Thomas Goodwin">Thomas Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gouge" title="William Gouge">William Gouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Greenhill" title="William Greenhill">William Greenhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Grey,_1st_Baron_Grey_of_Werke" title="William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke">William Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hacket" title="John Hacket">John Hacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hale_(jurist)" title="Matthew Hale (jurist)">Matthew Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hammond" title="Henry Hammond">Henry Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harley_(1579%E2%80%931656)" title="Robert Harley (1579–1656)">Robert Harley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Harris_(Warden)" title="John Harris (Warden)">John Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Harris_(minister)" title="Robert Harris (minister)">Robert Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Haselrig" title="Arthur Haselrig">Arthur Haselrig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Henderson_(theologian)" title="Alexander Henderson (theologian)">Alexander Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Herbert,_4th_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke">Philip Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herle" title="Charles Herle">Charles Herle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hill_(Cambridge)" title="Thomas Hill (Cambridge)">Thomas Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holdsworth" title="Richard Holdsworth">Richard Holdsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Howard,_1st_Baron_Howard_of_Escrick" title="Edward Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Escrick">Edward Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Hoyle" title="Joshua Hoyle">Joshua Hoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Johnston" title="Archibald Johnston">Archibald Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ley" title="John Ley">John Ley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lightfoot" title="John Lightfoot">John Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Love" title="Richard Love">Richard Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyford" title="William Lyford">William Lyford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maitland,_1st_Duke_of_Lauderdale" title="John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale">John Maitland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Marshall_(minister)" title="Stephen Marshall (minister)">Stephen Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_(1604%E2%80%931690)" title="John Maynard (1604–1690)">John Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mew" title="William Mew">William Mew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Manchester" title="Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester">Edward Montagu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Morley_(bishop)" title="George Morley (bishop)">George Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Newcomen" title="Matthew Newcomen">Matthew Newcomen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Nicholson_(English_bishop)" title="William Nicholson (English bishop)">William Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Nye" title="Philip Nye">Philip Nye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Palmer_(Puritan)" title="Herbert Palmer (Puritan)">Herbert Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Percy,_10th_Earl_of_Northumberland" title="Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland">Algernon Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Perne_(Puritan)" title="Andrew Perne (Puritan)">Andrew Perne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pierrepont_(politician)" title="William Pierrepont (politician)">William Pierrepont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pym" title="John Pym">John Pym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Reynolds" title="Edward Reynolds">Edward Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reynolds_(MP)" title="Robert Reynolds (MP)">Robert Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Rich,_1st_Earl_of_Holland" title="Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland">Henry Rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rous" title="Francis Rous">Francis Rous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rudyerd" title="Benjamin Rudyerd">Benjamin Rudyerd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rutherford" title="Samuel Rutherford">Samuel Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sanderson_(theologian)" title="Robert Sanderson (theologian)">Robert Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Scudder_(priest)" title="Henry Scudder (priest)">Henry Scudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Seaman" title="Lazarus Seaman">Lazarus Seaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Sedgwick" title="Obadiah Sedgwick">Obadiah Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Selden" title="John Selden">John Selden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josias_Shute" title="Josias Shute">Josias Shute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidrach_Simpson" title="Sidrach Simpson">Sidrach Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Spurstowe" title="William Spurstowe">William Spurstowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Staunton" title="Edmund Staunton">Edmund Staunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sterry" title="Peter Sterry">Peter Sterry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_St_John,_1st_Earl_of_Bolingbroke" title="Oliver St John, 1st Earl of Bolingbroke">Oliver St John (1580–1646)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_St_John" title="Oliver St John">Oliver St John (1598–1673)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Strode" title="William Strode">William Strode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Strong_(priest,_died_1654)" title="William Strong (priest, died 1654)">William Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zouch_Tate" title="Zouch Tate">Zouch Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Tozer_(priest)" title="Henry Tozer (priest)">Henry Tozer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Tuckney" title="Anthony Tuckney">Anthony Tuckney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Twisse" title="William Twisse">William Twisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Elder" title="Henry Vane the Elder">Henry Vane the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Henry Vane the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Vines_(minister)" title="Richard Vines (minister)">Richard Vines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Walker_(Puritan)" title="George Walker (Puritan)">George Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_(scholar)" title="Samuel Ward (scholar)">Samuel Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Westfield" title="Thomas Westfield">Thomas Westfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Wharton,_4th_Baron_Wharton" title="Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton">Philip Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Whitaker" title="Jeremiah Whitaker">Jeremiah Whitaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_White_(colonist_priest)" title="John White (colonist priest)">John White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulstrode_Whitelocke" title="Bulstrode Whitelocke">Bulstrode Whitelocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilde_(jurist)" title="John Wilde (jurist)">John Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilkinson_(1610%E2%80%931675)" title="Henry Wilkinson (1610–1675)">Henry Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Yonge_(died_1649)" title="Walter Yonge (died 1649)">Walter Yonge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_(theologian)" title="Thomas Young (theologian)">Thomas Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Chamber" title="Jerusalem Chamber">Jerusalem Chamber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6969606#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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