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url(https://www.omniglot.com/radio/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cropped-bg_radio_omniglot.jpg)"> <div class="site-branding"> <h1 class="site-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/" rel="home">Radio Omniglot</a></h1> <h2 class="site-description">Podcasts about languages and words</h2> </div> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation" role="navigation"> <button id="menu-button" class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false">Primary Menu</button> <div class="menu-top-menu-container"><ul id="primary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-22" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-22"><a href="http://www.omniglot.com/radio/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?page_id=9">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2627" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2627"><a 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class="page-title">Category: <span>Latin (Lingua Latina)</span></h1> </header> <article id="post-3822" class="post-3822 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-dutch category-english category-etymology category-french category-irish category-language category-latin category-middle-english category-music category-old-english-aenglisc category-podcast category-proto-indo-european category-proto-italic category-spanish tag-caisse tag-caja tag-cash tag-etymology tag-language tag-music tag-omniglot tag-podcast tag-words"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3822" rel="bookmark">Adventures in Etymology – Cash</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3822" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-08T10:00:00+00:00">8th March 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-03-08T17:48:13+00:00">8th March 2025</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Adventures in Etymology &#8211; Cash" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2025-03-08T10:00:00+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M29S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this Adventure in Etymology, we are grasping the cash box as we look into the origins of the word cash. Cash [kæʃ] is: Money in the form of notes or bills and coins Liquid assets, money that can be traded quickly, as distinct from assets that..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/cash.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.6" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6400"> <audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3822-1" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/cash.mp3?_=1" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/cash.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/cash.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/cash.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3822-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/cash.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="cash.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this Adventure in Etymology, we are grasping the cash box as we look into the origins of the word <strong>cash</strong>.</p> <p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/videos/cash2.jpg" width="630" height="354" alt="Cash - part of my collection of coins and banknotes" /></p> <p><strong>Cash</strong> [kæʃ] is:</p> <ul> <li>Money in the form of notes or bills and coins</li> <li>Liquid assets, money that can be traded quickly, as distinct from assets that are invested and cannot be easily exchanged.</li> <li>Money.</li> <li>A place where money is kept, or where it is deposited and paid out; a money box. (<em>archaic</em>)</li> </ul> <p>It comes from Middle French <em>caisse</em> (money box, chest), from Occitan <em>caissa</em> from Latin <em>capsa</em> (box, case, holder, repository, bookcase), from <em>capiō</em> (to take, capture, seize), from Old Latin <em>kapio</em>, from Proto-Italic <em>*kapjō</em> (to take, seize), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kapyéti</em> (to be grasping), from <em>*kap-</em> (to seize, grab, hold) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cash#English">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same roots include <strong>case</strong>, <strong>chase</strong>, <strong>have</strong>, <strong>haven</strong>, <strong>heave</strong>, <strong>heft</strong> and <strong>disciple</strong> in English, <strong>caja</strong> (box, case, bank) in Spanish, <strong>caisse</strong> (box, crate, cash register) in French, <strong>hebben</strong> (to have, possess, own, hold) in Dutch, and <strong>cuach</strong> (bowl, goblet) in Irish [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-">source</a>].</p> <p>Hang on, how is <strong>disciple</strong> related to <strong>cash</strong>? Well, it comes from Middle English <em>disciple</em> (disciple), from Old English <em>discipul</em> (disciple, scholar), from Latin <em>discipulus</em> (student, pupil, disciple, scholar), from <em>dis-</em> (asunder, apart) and Proto-Italic <em>*kapelos</em> (one who takes), from <em>*kapiō</em> (to take), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kapyéti</em>, etc. So a disciple or scholar could be one said to be who ‘takes apart’ ideas, knowledge, etc. [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/disciple#English">source</a>].</p> <p>There are many other words for <strong>cash</strong> and <strong>money</strong> in English, including <strong>brass</strong>, <strong>bread</strong>, <strong>dosh</strong>, <strong>dough</strong>, <strong>funds</strong>, <strong>moolah</strong>, <strong>readies</strong>, <strong>spondoolicks</strong> and <strong>wonga</strong> – do you know any others? [<a href="https://www.wix.com/wordsmatter/blog/2020/09/slang-for-money/">source</a>].</p> <p>By the way, this week there is a <a href="Vhttps://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/2025/03/03/satisfying-pleasure/">bonus Adventure in Etymology</a> on my <a href="https://www.patreon.com/omniglot">Patreon</a> page.</p> <p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/radio-omniglot/id1432641094">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3/radio-omniglot">Amazon Music</a>, <a href="https://tunein.com/podcasts/Education-Podcasts/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145/">TuneIn</a>, <a href="https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/radio-omniglot-716327">Podchaser</a>, <a href="<a href="https://podbay.fm/p/radio-omniglot">Podbay</a> or <a href="https://podtail.com/da/podcast/radio-omniglot/">Podtail</a> and other pod places.</p> <p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href="https://www.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_flow&SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63">PayPal</a> or <a href="https://www.patreon.com/omniglot">Patreon</a>, or <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/donations.htm">contribute to Omniglot in other ways</a>.</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <p>I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/bloggle/">Omniglot Blog</a>, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/">Celtiadur</a> blog.</p> <div align="center"><a href="http://my.kualo.com/uk/go/00572" target="_blank"><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn.kualo.com/rewards/uk-unlimited-728x90.gif" width="728" height="90" border="0" alt="Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo"/></a></div> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div 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href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=47" rel="category">Dutch (Nederlands)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=20" rel="category">English</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=56" rel="category">Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=6" rel="category">Irish (Gaeilge)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=58" rel="category">Middle English (Englisch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=55" rel="category">Old English (Ænglisc)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=133" rel="category">Proto-Italic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=28" rel="category">Spanish (español)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=caisse" rel="tag">caisse</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=caja" rel="tag">caja</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=cash" rel="tag">cash</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=music" rel="tag">music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=words" rel="tag">words</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3822#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3809" class="post-3809 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-breton category-bulgarian- category-celtic-pathways category-cornish category-english category-french category-galician-galego category-gaulish category-irish category-language category-latin category-music category-podcast category-portuguese category-proto-celtic category-proto-indo-european category-swedish category-welsh"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3809" rel="bookmark">Celtic Pathways – Quays</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3809" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-03-01T10:00:00+00:00">1st March 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-27T15:19:24+00:00">27th February 2025</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Celtic Pathways &#8211; Quays" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2025-03-01T10:00:00+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M07S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this episode we discover the Celtic roots of words for quay, jetty, pier, etc. in English, French and other languages. Bangor Pier. Photo by Simon Ager The Proto-Celtic word *kagyom means pen or enclosure, and comes from the Proto-Indo-European..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/quays.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="1.8" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6401"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3809-2" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/quays.mp3?_=2" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/quays.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/quays.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/quays.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3809-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/quays.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="quays.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this episode we discover the Celtic roots of words for <strong>quay</strong>, <strong>jetty</strong>, <strong>pier</strong>, etc. in English, French and other languages.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/omniglot/48032341046/in/photolist-2pT9vJo-2pT9vW2-2pT9XPf-2pT9XSg-2pUH4Ya-2pUKdkv-2pUKdpy-2hGP5Xs-2hGSNow-2jGzSq8-2jGEbMz-2jGEbN1-2krazqm-2kGSqHE-2kGSqT9-2kGSqVy-2kGWCnT-2kGWCt9-2kGWCtz-2kGWCAt-2mBgg2m-2mBgg4L-2mBoRiv-2mUr65v-2mUzHwR-2nyKeUi-2nBBMqj-2nBGJaa-2nBGRkE-2nBGRsi-2nBJbEA-2nBKgzK-Gs7Hrx-He83FJ-HguAjP-HjBaY7-KDZNws-KVXoyh-KYtBPn-L2XdFF-PUdhsc-Ts2ddx-Wjvyuo-XLnXQL-YNtEmJ-252DzHv-252YuYt-2a3gdsZ-2gbsiz9-2gbswgD" title="Bangor Pier"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48032341046_0eceb2f69d_z.jpg" width="640" height="361" alt="Bangor Pier"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script><br /> <em>Bangor Pier. Photo by Simon Ager</em></p> <p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>*kagyom</strong> means pen or enclosure, and comes from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*kagʰyóm</em> (enclosure, hedge), from <em>*kagʰ-</em> (to keep, hold, close, enclose, fence, hedge, barrier, field, pasture) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kagyom">source</a>].</p> <p>Related words in the modern Celtic languages include: </p> <ul> <li><strong>cae</strong> [kaːɨ̯ / kai̯] = hedge, fence, field, enclosure, circle, sphere, barrier, obstruction in Welsh</li> <li><strong>ke</strong> = hedge, fence in Cornish</li> <li><strong>kae</strong> [kɛː] = hedge, quay in Breton</li> </ul> <p>For more about words for <strong>field</strong> and related things in Celtic languages, see the Celtiadur post: <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/2019/07/31/fields-meadows-and-pastures/">Fields, Meadows and Pastures</a>.</p> <p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Gaulish <em>*kagyom</em> (enclosure) and Latin <em>caium</em> (storehouse, shop, workshop, quay, wharf) include <strong>quai</strong> (quay, wharf, platform) in French, <strong>quay</strong> in English, <strong>caes</strong> (quay, pier, wharf, breakwater) in Galician, <strong>cais</strong> (quay, pier, wharf, platform) in Portuguese, <strong>кей</strong> (kej – quay, pier, wharf, jetty) in Bulgarian, and <strong>cé</strong> (quay, wharf, pier) in Irish [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/caium#Latin">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>hedge</strong> and <strong>inchoate</strong> (chaotic, disordered, confused) in English, <strong>haie</strong> (hedge, obstacle, line, row) and <strong>age</strong> (beam, shaft) in French, <strong>cael</strong> (to get, receive, have) and <strong>caer</strong> (fort[ress], castle, citadel) in Welsh, and <strong>häck</strong> (hedge, hurdle) in Swedish [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kag%CA%B0-">source</a>].</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3809" data-a2a-title="Celtic Pathways – Quays"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3809&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Quays" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3809&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Quays" title="Twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3809&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Quays" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=38" rel="category">Breton (Brezhoneg)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=121" rel="category">Bulgarian (Български)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=122" rel="category">Celtic Pathways</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=37" rel="category">Cornish (Kernewek)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=20" rel="category">English</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=143" rel="category">Galician (galego)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=117" rel="category">Gaulish</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=6" rel="category">Irish (Gaeilge)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=27" rel="category">Portuguese (português)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=94" rel="category">Proto-Celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=30" rel="category">Swedish (svenska)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=7" rel="category">Welsh (Cymraeg)</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3809#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3800" class="post-3800 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-adventures-in-etymology category-ancient-greek- category-english category-etymology category-language category-latin category-middle-english category-music category-persian-farsi- category-podcast category-scottish-gaelic category-spanish category-welsh tag-accent tag-accents tag-etymology tag-language tag-linguistics tag-music tag-omniglot tag-podcast tag-prosody tag-words"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3800" rel="bookmark">Adventures in Etymology – Accents</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3800" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-22T15:34:24+00:00">22nd February 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-22T16:04:28+00:00">22nd February 2025</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Adventures in Etymology &#8211; Accents" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2025-02-22T15:34:24+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M18S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this Adventure in Etymology, we find what the word accent has to do with singing. An accent [ˈak.sənt / ˈæk.sɛnt] is: The way in which people in a particular area, country, or social group pronounce words. A mark written or printed over a let..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/accent.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.4" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6402"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3800-3" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/accent.mp3?_=3" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/accent.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/accent.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/accent.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3800-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/accent.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="accent.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this Adventure in Etymology, we find what the word <strong>accent</strong> has to do with <strong>singing</strong>.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/videos/accents.jpg" width="630" height="354" alt="Adventures in Etymology - Accents" /></p> <p>An <strong>accent</strong> [ˈak.sənt / ˈæk.sɛnt] is:</p> <ul> <li>The way in which people in a particular area, country, or social group pronounce words.</li> <li>A mark written or printed over a letter to show how to pronounce it.</li> <li>A special emphasis given to a particular syllable in a word, word in a sentence, or note in a set of musical notes. [<a href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/accent">source</a> – <em>other meanings are available</em>]</li> </ul> <p>It comes from Middle English <em>accent</em> (accent, modulation), from Latin <em>accentus</em> (a blast, signal, accent, tone), from <em>accinō / accanō</em> (to sing to), from <em>ad</em> (to[wards]), and <em>canō</em> (to sing, recite, sound), a calque of Ancient Greek <em>προσῳδία</em> (prosōidía – song sung to music; pronunciation of syllable), from <em>πρός</em> (prós – to) and <em>ᾠδή</em> (ōidḗ – song) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accent#English">source</a>].</p> <p>Words for <strong>accent</strong> in many other languages come from the same roots, as do the words <strong>chant</strong>, <strong>descant</strong>, <strong>enchant</strong>, <strong>incant</strong> and <strong>hen</strong> in English, <strong>canu</strong> (to sing, intone, chant) in Welsh, <strong>can</strong> (to say) in Scottish Gaelic, <strong>cicogna</strong> (stork) in Spanish, <strong>káně </strong> (buzzard) in Czech, and <strong>خوانْدَن</strong> (xândan – to read, recite, sing, study) in Persian [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cano#Latin">source</a>].</p> <p>Incidentally, the Ancient Greek word <strong>προσῳδία</strong> (prosōidía – song sung to music; pronunciation of syllable) is the root (via Middle French and Latin) of the English word <strong>prosody</strong>, which is study of rhythm, intonation, stress, and related attributes in speech, or the study of the patterns of sounds and rhythms in poetry [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/prosody#English">source</a>].</p> <p>You might believe that you don’t have an accent, but you do. We all do. You might think that because you sound similar to most people around you, you don’t have an accent, while people from elsewhere do. From their perspective, it’s you that has an accent. I have a bit of a wandering accent that changes depending on who I’ve been listening and/or talking to.</p> <p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/radio-omniglot/id1432641094">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3/radio-omniglot">Amazon Music</a>, <a href="https://tunein.com/podcasts/Education-Podcasts/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145/">TuneIn</a>, <a href="https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/radio-omniglot-716327">Podchaser</a>, <a href="<a href="https://podbay.fm/p/radio-omniglot">Podbay</a> or <a href="https://podtail.com/da/podcast/radio-omniglot/">Podtail</a> and other pod places.</p> <p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href="https://www.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_flow&SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63">PayPal</a> or <a href="https://www.patreon.com/omniglot">Patreon</a>, or <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/donations.htm">contribute to Omniglot in other ways</a>.</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <p>I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/bloggle/">Omniglot Blog</a>, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/">Celtiadur</a> blog.</p> <div align="center"><a href="http://my.kualo.com/uk/go/00572" target="_blank"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://cdn.kualo.com/rewards/uk-unlimited-728x90.gif" width="728" height="90" border="0" alt="Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo"/></a></div> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3800" data-a2a-title="Adventures in Etymology – Accents"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3800&linkname=Adventures%20in%20Etymology%20%E2%80%93%20Accents" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3800&linkname=Adventures%20in%20Etymology%20%E2%80%93%20Accents" title="Twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3800&linkname=Adventures%20in%20Etymology%20%E2%80%93%20Accents" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=98" rel="category">Adventures in Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=97" rel="category">Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνική)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=20" rel="category">English</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=56" rel="category">Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=58" rel="category">Middle English (Englisch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=157" rel="category">Persian (Fārsī / فارسی)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=5" rel="category">Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=28" rel="category">Spanish (español)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=7" rel="category">Welsh (Cymraeg)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=accent" rel="tag">accent</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=accents" rel="tag">accents</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=linguistics" rel="tag">linguistics</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=music" rel="tag">music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=prosody" rel="tag">prosody</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=words" rel="tag">words</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3800#comments">2 Comments</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3773" class="post-3773 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-adventures-in-etymology category-ancient-greek- category-dutch category-english category-french category-german category-irish category-italian category-language category-latin category-middle-english category-music category-old-english-aenglisc category-old-french-franceis category-podcast category-proto-germanic category-proto-indo-european category-proto-west-germanic category-romanian-limba-romana category-spanish tag-boot tag-bottle tag-butler tag-butt tag-etymology tag-language tag-music tag-omniglot tag-podcast tag-words"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3773" rel="bookmark">Adventures in Etymology – Bottles, Boots and Butts</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3773" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-08T13:53:04+00:00">8th February 2025</time><time class="updated" datetime="2025-02-16T17:09:09+00:00">16th February 2025</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Adventures in Etymology &#8211; Bottles, Boots and Butts" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2025-02-08T13:53:04+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M26S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this Adventure in Etymology, we find connections between words for bottle, boot and butt in various languages. Meanings of bottle [ˈbɔtɫ̩ / ˈbɑ.təl] include: A container, typically made of glass or plastic and having a tapered neck, used prim..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/bottles.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.6" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6403"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3773-4" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/bottles.mp3?_=4" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/bottles.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/bottles.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/bottles.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3773-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/bottles.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="bottles.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this Adventure in Etymology, we find connections between words for <strong>bottle</strong>, <strong>boot</strong> and <strong>butt</strong> in various languages.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/fraleigh/34731484/in/photolist-451sG-8iUFnL-dkH3BE-9cwfaG-gARDT9-nBMapd-8cqMhv-p8bHck-f1T6jU-8YwE6t-tqh9LQ-ETD8CE-a47fYW-bPJfmx-5VcHkf-8rTCj2-dBX1C6-gARGoP-DxSDTs-5CcXT4-ETD9k1-bbbR3c-cnaxfN-cFhxoS-89337W-21p5Kbk-9hGDuD-oSEjuA-e35bqn-dNxVz9-qiv1dA-5pxkyp-JXmVxi-RH7w4-JyPAy-JyQp1-dJFuww-ojmbRY-9M9yjU-bysL8K-234ZfBs-bExEr8-KGpaT9-iQZSKq-92tyeN-8QsR8C-amGFDq-4UWQVz-MWMmL-6oNira" title="Balcony pix"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/22/34731484_79874c5bd7_z.jpg" width="640" height="389" alt="Balcony pix"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>Meanings of <strong>bottle</strong> [ˈbɔtɫ̩ / ˈbɑ.təl] include:</p> <ul> <li>A container, typically made of glass or plastic and having a tapered neck, used primarily for holding liquids.</li> <li>The contents of such a container.</li> </ul> <p>It comes from Middle English <em>botel</em> [ˈbutəl] (bottle, flask, wineskin), from Old French <em>boteille</em> [buˈteʎə] (bottle), from Late Latin <em>butticula</em> (bottle, flask), from <em>buttis</em> (cask, barrel), from Ancient Greek <em>βοῦττῐς</em> (boûttĭs – a type of vessel), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European <em>*bʰeHw-</em> (to swell, puff) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clutter">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same roots include <strong>boot</strong>, <strong>butt</strong> (cask, barrel), and <strong>butler</strong> in English, <strong>bottiglia</strong> (bottle) in Italian, <strong>botte</strong> (boot, oppression) in French, <strong>botija</strong> (jug, vessel) in Spanish, <strong>butoi</strong> (barrel, cask) in Romanian, <strong>buta</strong> (butt, cask, stock, stocky person) in Irish, and <strong>búča</strong> (pumpkin, squash, head) in Slovenian [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/buttis#Latin">source</a>].</p> <p>Words for bottle in Old English included:</p> <ul> <li><strong>flasce</strong> [ˈflɑs.ke] (bottle, flask), which comes from Proto-Germanic <em>*flaskǭ</em> (flask, bottle), lives on as <strong>flask</strong> in English, and is related the German word <strong>Flasche</strong> (bottle, flask, flagon), <strong>fles</strong> (bottle) in Dutch, and <strong>flaska</strong> (bottle) in Swedish [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/flasce#Old_English">source</a>].</li> <li><strong>ampella</strong> [ˈɑm.pel.lɑ] (flask, bottle, flagon, vial), which comes from Proto-West Germanic <em>*ampullā</em> (flask), from Latin <em>ampulla</em> (a two-handled vessel with a swollen middle), from <em>amphora</em> (a large vessel, especially one made of clay with two handles used for storing and transporting wine and oil), from Ancient Greek <em>ἀμφορεύς</em> (amphoreús – jar with a narrow neck, amphora). It lives on as <strong>ampoule</strong> in English [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ampella#Old_English">source</a>].</li> </ul> <p>A related word in German is <strong>Ampel</strong>, which can refer to a traffic light, a ceiling lamp or a container which hangs from the ceiling (for a plant, etc.) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ampel#German">source</a>]</p> <p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/radio-omniglot/id1432641094">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3/radio-omniglot">Amazon Music</a>, <a href="https://tunein.com/podcasts/Education-Podcasts/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145/">TuneIn</a>, <a href="https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/radio-omniglot-716327">Podchaser</a>, <a href="<a href="https://podbay.fm/p/radio-omniglot">Podbay</a> or <a href="https://podtail.com/da/podcast/radio-omniglot/">Podtail</a> and other pod places.</p> <p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href="https://www.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_flow&SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63">PayPal</a> or <a href="https://www.patreon.com/omniglot">Patreon</a>, or <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/donations.htm">contribute to Omniglot in other ways</a>.</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <p>I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/bloggle/">Omniglot Blog</a>, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/">Celtiadur</a> blog.</p> <div align="center"><a href="http://my.kualo.com/uk/go/00572" target="_blank"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://cdn.kualo.com/rewards/uk-unlimited-728x90.gif" width="728" height="90" border="0" alt="Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo"/></a></div> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content 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rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=58" rel="category">Middle English (Englisch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=55" rel="category">Old English (Ænglisc)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=109" rel="category">Old French (Franceis)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=57" rel="category">Proto-Germanic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=119" rel="category">Proto-West-Germanic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=116" rel="category">Romanian (limba română)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=28" rel="category">Spanish (español)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=boot" rel="tag">boot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=bottle" rel="tag">bottle</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=butler" rel="tag">butler</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=butt" rel="tag">butt</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=music" rel="tag">music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=words" rel="tag">words</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3773#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3761" class="post-3761 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-breton category-bulgarian- category-catalan-catala category-celtic-pathways category-cornish category-croatian-hrvatski category-czech category-etymology category-french category-gaulish category-german category-irish category-italian category-language category-latin category-manx category-music category-podcast category-polish-polski category-portuguese category-proto-celtic category-proto-indo-european category-scottish-gaelic category-slovak-slovencina category-slovenian-slovenscina category-welsh"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3761" rel="bookmark">Celtic Pathways – Calamitous Swords</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3761" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2025-01-25T14:45:04+00:00">25th January 2025</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Celtic Pathways &#8211; Calamitous Swords" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2025-01-25T14:45:04+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M29S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for sword, hammer and related things in Romance and Slavic languages. The Proto-Celtic word *kladiwos means sword, and comes from Proto-Celtic *kladeti (to stab, dig), from Proto..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/calamitousswords.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.7" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6404"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3761-5" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/calamitousswords.mp3?_=5" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/calamitousswords.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/calamitousswords.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/calamitousswords.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3761-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/calamitousswords.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="calamitousswords.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for <strong>sword</strong>, <strong>hammer</strong> and related things in Romance and Slavic languages.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/squage/26001024422/in/photolist-FBC3Gw-dTyQc-8uREX4-61r772-fCjHAV-22i9dUP-2j8zaaF-fXxpQg-ahqBzA-5kmX2G-eqyNzo-qmWEs4-orWuG-d97GK7-fC5q6Q-4vsims-ivas39-4ktch9-8rShYs-i2WYkb-8rPcHD-2gCdKV2-bsnyGL-5Jdbcy-VDm53d-AiujQB-p2mxSL-27L7HcB-7wQuNL-Tfati-obZmpX-igb8ut-ehBaGr-9UnGWs-bUFnmy-dtDTac-doagYm-b6fHJx-HrGTKQ-9DM3eq-YpPMmy-hoYAkN-b6fGbP-fPzccZ-7ArGfi-G2j2m8-b6fF68-Xp3S13-4gDGVY-b6fGqg" title="Swords"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/1583/26001024422_76880e9047_z.jpg" width="640" height="427" alt="Swords"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>*kladiwos</strong> means sword, and comes from Proto-Celtic <em>*kladeti</em> (to stab, dig), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kl̥h₂dʰ-é-ti</em>, from <em>*kelh₂-</em> (to beat, strike) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kladiwos">source</a>].</p> <p>Related words in the modern Celtic languages include: </p> <ul> <li><strong>claíomh</strong> [kl̪ˠiːvˠ/kl̪ˠiːw] = sword in Irish</li> <li><strong>claidheamh</strong> [kl̪ˠajəv] = sword in Scottish Gaelic</li> <li><strong>cliwe</strong> = sword in Manx</li> <li><strong>cleddyf</strong> [ˈklɛðɨ̞v/ˈkleːðɪv] = sword, blade, brace (<em>on a door or wall</em>) in Welsh</li> <li><strong>kledha</strong> = sword in Cornish</li> <li><strong>kleze</strong> [ˈkleː.ze] = sword, glaive (a light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head) in Breton</li> </ul> <p>For more about words for <strong>sword</strong> and related things in Celtic languages, see the Celtiadur post: <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/2024/12/20/swords-spikes/">Swords & Spikes</a></p> <p>Words directly from the same Proto-Celtic root <em>*kladiwos</em> (sword) include <strong>kladivo</strong> (hammer, gavel) in Croatian, <strong>kladivo</strong> (hammer, sledgehammer) in Czech, <strong>kladivo</strong> (hammer, stamp, maul, hammerhead) in Slovak, <strong>kladivo</strong> (hammer, sledgehammer) in Slovenian [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kladiwos">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root <em>*kladiwos</em> (sword), via Gaulish <em>*kladyos</em> (sword), and Latin <em>gladius</em> (sword, death, a gladiatorial contest), possibly include <strong>gladiator</strong>, <strong>gladiolus</strong> and <strong>glaive</strong> in English, <strong>esglai</strong> (fright) in Catalan, <strong>ghiado</strong> (sword, dagger, knife, frost, cold), and <strong>giaggiolo</strong> (iris [flower]) in Italian, <strong>gládio</strong> (sword, power, strength) in Portuguese and <strong>glaïeul</strong> (gladiolus) in French [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gladius#Latin">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>calamity</strong>, <strong>clade</strong>, <strong>clergy</strong>, <strong>cleric</strong>, <strong>clerk</strong>, <strong>coup</strong>, and <strong>glaive</strong> in English, <strong>коля</strong> (kolja – to slaughter, butcher) in Bulgarian, <strong>kłoda </strong> (log, trunk, beehive, barrel) in Polish, and <strong>Holz</strong> (wood) in German [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kelh%E2%82%82-">source</a>]. </p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3761" data-a2a-title="Celtic Pathways – Calamitous Swords"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3761&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Calamitous%20Swords" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" 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rel="category">Celtic Pathways</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=37" rel="category">Cornish (Kernewek)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=202" rel="category">Croatian (hrvatski)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=33" rel="category">Czech (čeština)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=56" rel="category">Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=117" rel="category">Gaulish</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=24" rel="category">German (Deutsch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=6" rel="category">Irish (Gaeilge)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=12" rel="category">Italian (italiano)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=36" rel="category">Manx (Gaelg)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=63" rel="category">Polish (polski)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=27" rel="category">Portuguese (português)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=94" rel="category">Proto-Celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=5" rel="category">Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=72" rel="category">Slovak (slovenčina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=203" rel="category">Slovenian (slovenščina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=7" rel="category">Welsh (Cymraeg)</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3761#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3741" class="post-3741 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-celtic-pathways category-cornish category-english category-french category-galician-galego category-gaulish category-irish category-italian category-language category-latin category-music category-podcast category-portuguese category-proto-celtic category-proto-indo-european category-spanish tag-celtic tag-etymology tag-hound tag-language tag-music tag-omniglot tag-podcast tag-sleuth tag-to-follow tag-to-pursue tag-words"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3741" rel="bookmark">Celtic Pathways – Follow That Hound!</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3741" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2025-01-11T21:42:58+00:00">11th January 2025</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Celtic Pathways &#8211; Follow That Hound!" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2025-01-11T21:42:58+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT1M45S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for hound and sleuth in Romance languages. The Proto-Celtic word sekʷetor means to follow, and comes from Proto-Indo-European *sékʷetor (to be following), from *sekʷ- (to follow)..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/followthathound.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.5" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6405"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3741-6" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/followthathound.mp3?_=6" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/followthathound.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/followthathound.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/followthathound.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3741-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/followthathound.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="followthathound.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for <strong>hound</strong> and <strong>sleuth</strong> in Romance languages.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/geoftheref/6313957563/in/photolist-aBWFBi-9UHDwZ-5ZSZqS-5ZSSmN-5ZSYyw-m6da6-5ZNJ7r-kPDPWi-5ZNGGp-oeidih-5ZSXzf-4fYqku-2SV41q-4fX7wq-4fYqho-2gDGFTH-4ufSGn-2hvVUvn-4LNM6B-xpfwrJ-Fshf8-XpW2rM-62HMZo-nvNRfV-8JMz3D-nqnwkE-62HQWG-2jBjpGC-ab9KFe-5anatr-62Dye8-dk73wt-b5oGxK-joGoKY-b5p694-62HLpo-2mhQfgk-62HTeh-bUkp7Z-FBoQHk-hCF2Lg-62DvEk-62Dtmr-8ekUbv-67BkFP-Cie5zd-dk75n1-5arqUY-DGWWum-8dTXvg" title="Hunting Hounds"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/6216/6313957563_498a7c3975_z.jpg" width="640" height="427" alt="Hunting Hounds"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>sekʷetor</strong> means to follow, and comes from Proto-Indo-European <em>*sékʷetor</em> (to be following), from <em>*sekʷ-</em> (to follow) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sek%CA%B7etor">source</a>].</p> <p>Related words in the modern Celtic languages include: <strong>seicheamh</strong> (following, taking after, imitating, sequence, progression) and <strong>fosheicheamh</strong> (subsequence) in Irish [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/seicheamh">source</a>], and <strong>sewya</strong> (to follow, result) in Cornish [<a href="https://archive.org/details/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft/page/320/mode/2up">source</a>].</p> <p>For more about words for <strong>(to) follow</strong> and related things in Celtic languages, see the Celtiadur post: <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/2025/01/11/pursuing-followers/">Pursuing Followers</a></p> <p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Gaulish (?) and Latin <em>segusius</em> (a hunting dog) include: <strong>sabuxo</strong> (hound) in Galician, <strong>segugio</strong> (hound, bloodhound, private eye, sleuth) in Spanish, and <strong>sabujo</strong> (hound, submissive person) in Portuguese [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sek%CA%B7etor">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same PIE roots include: <strong>associate</strong>, <strong>sector</strong>, <strong>sequence</strong>, <strong>society</strong>, <strong>(to) sue</strong>, <strong>suit</strong>, <strong>suite</strong> and <strong>subsequent</strong> in English, <strong>suivre</strong> (to follow) in French, <strong>segno</strong> (sign, mark, indication, target) in Italian, and <strong>seguir</strong> (to follow, continue, keep (on)) in Spanish [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sek%CA%B7-">source</a>].</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3741" data-a2a-title="Celtic Pathways – Follow That Hound!"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3741&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Follow%20That%20Hound%21" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3741&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Follow%20That%20Hound%21" title="Twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3741&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Follow%20That%20Hound%21" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=122" rel="category">Celtic Pathways</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=37" rel="category">Cornish (Kernewek)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=20" rel="category">English</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=143" rel="category">Galician (galego)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=117" rel="category">Gaulish</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=6" rel="category">Irish (Gaeilge)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=12" rel="category">Italian (italiano)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=27" rel="category">Portuguese (português)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=94" rel="category">Proto-Celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=28" rel="category">Spanish (español)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=celtic" rel="tag">celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=hound" rel="tag">hound</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=music" rel="tag">music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=sleuth" rel="tag">sleuth</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=to-follow" rel="tag">to follow</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=to-pursue" rel="tag">to pursue</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=words" rel="tag">words</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3741#comments">1 Comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3707" class="post-3707 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-breton category-celtic-pathways category-cimbrian-tzimbrisch category-cornish category-danish category-french category-gaulish category-german category-irish category-italian category-language category-latin category-manx category-music category-podcast category-proto-celtic category-proto-indo-european category-scottish-gaelic category-welsh tag-bro tag-broch tag-brugh tag-celtic tag-etymology tag-gaelic tag-language tag-linguistics tag-music tag-omniglot tag-pathways tag-podcast"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3707" rel="bookmark">Celtic Pathways – Country Gardens</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3707" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2024-12-08T15:03:50+00:00">8th December 2024</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Celtic Pathways &#8211; Country Gardens" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2024-12-08T15:03:50+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M09S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this episode we uncover links between words for country and land in Celtic languages, and words for garden, wood and related things in other languages. Bodnant Garden / Gardd Bodnant The Proto-Celtic word *mrogis means border(land), march, mar..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/countrygardens.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="1.8" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6406"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3707-7" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/countrygardens.mp3?_=7" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/countrygardens.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/countrygardens.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/countrygardens.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3707-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/countrygardens.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="countrygardens.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this episode we uncover links between words for <strong>country</strong> and <strong>land</strong> in Celtic languages, and words for <strong>garden</strong>, <strong>wood</strong> and related things in other languages.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/omniglot/27480012075/in/album-72157680530437275" title="Bodnant"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/7447/27480012075_d092212376_z.jpg" width="640" height="360" alt="Bodnant"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script><br /> <em>Bodnant Garden / Gardd Bodnant </em></p> <p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>*mrogis</strong> means border(land), march, mark, region, country, territory or province, and comes from Proto-Indo-European <em>*mórǵs</em> (frontier, border) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mrogis">source</a>]</p> <p>Related words in the modern Celtic languages include:</p> <ul> <li><strong>brugh</strong> = dwelling, mansion in Irish</li> <li><strong>brugh</strong> [bruh] = broch (a type of Iron Age stone tower with hollow double-layered walls – see below), fortified tower, large house, mansion, fairy mound in Scottish Gaelic</li> <li><strong>brogh</strong> = broch in Manx</li> <li><strong>bro</strong> [broː] = region, country, land, neighbourhood, border, limit, boundary in Welsh</li> <li><strong>bro</strong> = country, land in Cornish</li> <li><strong>bro</strong> [broː] = counry(-side) in Breton</li> </ul> <p>For more about words for <strong>border</strong>, <strong>land</strong>, <strong>country</strong> and related things in Celtic languages, see the Celtiadur post: <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/2023/01/25/region-and-country/">Region and Country</a></p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/duncan/2275224652/in/photolist-4t482f-4tNDxn-4tSGh1-Gb1qbP-4KRvsQ-538mci-8XUDm5-5hbALx-8XRDgX-8XUHK1-5hbCix-d1uEMA-8xWZjV-8xQixU-5hbEbX-ajcVDM-d1uFDq-Ks2p7U-8XRDJD-d1uFdj-9nVPBx-8wfw2c-95SGNF-b4tChZ-95TDbT-jZCWc-9nVPBD-5Tfu18-jZDop-ajBp4N-8XV7to-qvijq-FZJfJz-Pto-Ptm-KwpnGf-qJBPzW-P3Mz9m-8Vu8e4-799eNm-8WjM3X-795Eht-8WjLNB-2gk1xph-8WjLW2-qviha-LzBxNk-pVQ94V-qvihZ-9srkUN" title="Mousa Broch"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/2092/2275224652_5374218295_z.jpg" width="640" height="480" alt="Mousa Broch"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Gaulish <em>*brogis</em> and Latin <em>brogi-/broges</em>, include <strong>brolo</strong> (vegetable garden, orchard, grove) in Italian, and <strong>breuil</strong> (wood, copse, coppice) in French, <strong>bröol</strong> (a lawn or vegetable garden surrounding house) in Cimbrian, and <strong>Brühl</strong> (enclosed land, (wet/swampy) meadow) in German (<em>found mainly in place names</em>).</p> <p>Words from the same PIE root include <strong>margin</strong>, and <strong>march</strong> (a border region; formal, rhythmic way of walking) in English, and <strong>marge</strong> (margin, markup) in French, <strong>marca</strong> (brand, make, trademark) in Italian [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/margo#Latin">source</a>], <strong>Mark</strong> (a fortified border area, marches) in German, and <strong>mark</strong> (field) in Danish, as in <strong>Denmark</strong> [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mark%C5%8D">source</a>].</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3707" data-a2a-title="Celtic Pathways – Country Gardens"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3707&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Country%20Gardens" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3707&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Country%20Gardens" title="Twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3707&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Country%20Gardens" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=38" rel="category">Breton (Brezhoneg)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=122" rel="category">Celtic Pathways</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=188" rel="category">Cimbrian (Tzimbrisch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=37" rel="category">Cornish (Kernewek)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=31" rel="category">Danish (dansk)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=117" rel="category">Gaulish</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=24" rel="category">German (Deutsch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=6" rel="category">Irish (Gaeilge)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=12" rel="category">Italian (italiano)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=36" rel="category">Manx (Gaelg)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=94" rel="category">Proto-Celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=5" rel="category">Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=7" rel="category">Welsh (Cymraeg)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=bro" rel="tag">bro</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=broch" rel="tag">broch</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=brugh" rel="tag">brugh</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=celtic" rel="tag">celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=gaelic" rel="tag">gaelic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=linguistics" rel="tag">linguistics</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=music" rel="tag">music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=pathways" rel="tag">pathways</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3707#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3693" class="post-3693 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-adventures-in-etymology category-anglo-norman-norman category-english category-etymology category-french category-italian category-language category-latin category-middle-english category-music category-old-french-franceis category-podcast category-portuguese category-proto-indo-european category-spanish tag-etymology tag-language tag-manoeuvre tag-manure tag-office tag-omniglot tag-opera tag-opus tag-podcast tag-words"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3693" rel="bookmark">Adventures in Etymology – Office Opus</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3693" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-30T15:26:31+00:00">30th November 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-30T17:52:00+00:00">30th November 2024</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Adventures in Etymology &#8211; Office Opus" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2024-11-30T15:26:31+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M06S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this Adventure in Etymology, we find connections between the word office and words like copy, manure, opera, opulence and opus. My garden office / studio An office [ˈɒfɪs/ˈɔfɪs] is: A room, set of rooms, or building used for non-manual work. ..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/officeopus.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.2" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6407"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3693-8" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/officeopus.mp3?_=8" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/officeopus.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/officeopus.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/officeopus.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3693-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/officeopus.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="officeopus.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this Adventure in Etymology, we find connections between the word <strong>office</strong> and words like <strong>copy</strong>, <strong>manure</strong>, <strong>opera</strong>, <strong>opulence</strong> and <strong>opus</strong>.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/omniglot/52448293264/in/photolist-G8UqET-R3Jmsx-Rwemuv-SQN5q4-2dqjGJF-2kUZ1k9-2kV4yd5-2mHovnM-2n1LRao-2nUDPBb-2nUFdjm-2nVWRaM-2pyR1V7-2pPM7rw" title="My studio / office"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/52448293264_9920ba4222_z.jpg" width="640" height="361" alt="My studio / office"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script><br /> <em>My garden office / studio</em></p> <p>An <strong>office</strong> [ˈɒfɪs/ˈɔfɪs] is:</p> <ul> <li>A room, set of rooms, or building used for non-manual work.</li> <li>A position of responsibility.</li> <li>An official position, particularly high employment within government.<br /> <em>(other meanings are available</em>)</li> </ul> <p>It comes from Middle English <em>office</em> [ɔˈfiːs(ə)] (employment, occupation, obligation), from Old French <em>office</em> (office, job, service), from Latin <em>officium</em> (duty, service, office, obligation) from <em>opificium</em> (work), from <em>opifex</em> (someone who does [creative / constructive] work) from <em>opus</em> (work), from PIE <em>*h₃ep-</em> (to work, toil, make, ability) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/office#English">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same roots include <strong>copy</strong>, <strong>manure</strong>, <strong>opera</strong>, <strong>operate</strong>, <strong>opulence</strong> and <strong>opus</strong> (a work of music or art) in English; <strong>usine</strong> (factory) in French; <strong>ofício</strong> (craft, trade, profession) in Portuguese; <strong>oficina</strong> (office, workshop, laboratory) in Spanish, and <strong>ufficio</strong> (office) and <strong>officina</strong> (workshop, laboratory) in Italian [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%83ep-">source</a>].</p> <p>Hang on, <strong>manure</strong>? It comes from Middle English <em>maynouren</em> (to supervise, reign, exercise one’s authority), from Anglo-Norman <em>meinourer</em>, from Old French <em>manouvrer</em> (to work, make, create), from Vulgar Latin <em>*manuoperare</em> (to work by hand), from Latin <em>manū</em> (by hand) and <em>operārī</em> (to work). The word <strong>manoeuvre</strong> comes from the same roots [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/manure#English">source</a>].</p> <p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/radio-omniglot/id1432641094">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3/radio-omniglot">Amazon Music</a>, <a href="https://tunein.com/podcasts/Education-Podcasts/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145/">TuneIn</a>, <a href="https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/radio-omniglot-716327">Podchaser</a>, <a href="<a href="https://podbay.fm/p/radio-omniglot">Podbay</a> or <a href="https://podtail.com/da/podcast/radio-omniglot/">Podtail</a> and other pod places.</p> <p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href="https://www.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_flow&SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63">PayPal</a> or <a href="https://www.patreon.com/omniglot">Patreon</a>, or <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/donations.htm">contribute to Omniglot in other ways</a>.</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <p>I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/bloggle/">Omniglot Blog</a>, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/">Celtiadur</a> blog.</p> <div align="center"><a href="http://my.kualo.com/uk/go/00572" target="_blank"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://cdn.kualo.com/rewards/uk-unlimited-728x90.gif" width="728" height="90" border="0" alt="Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo"/></a></div> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content 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addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=98" rel="category">Adventures in Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=124" rel="category">Anglo-Norman (norman)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=20" rel="category">English</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=56" rel="category">Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=12" rel="category">Italian (italiano)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=58" rel="category">Middle English (Englisch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=109" rel="category">Old French (Franceis)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=27" rel="category">Portuguese (português)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=28" rel="category">Spanish (español)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=manoeuvre" rel="tag">manoeuvre</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=manure" rel="tag">manure</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=office" rel="tag">office</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=opera" rel="tag">opera</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=opus" rel="tag">opus</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=words" rel="tag">words</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3693#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3683" class="post-3683 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-albanian-shqip category-breton category-celtic-pathways category-cornish category-english category-etymology category-french category-gaulish category-german category-greek- category-irish category-language category-latin category-music category-podcast category-proto-celtic category-proto-indo-european category-sanskrit- category-scottish-gaelic category-spanish category-welsh tag-celtic tag-etymology tag-language tag-linguistics tag-music tag-oak tag-omniglot tag-podcast tag-tan tag-tannery tag-tannin tag-words"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3683" rel="bookmark">Celtic Pathways – Tan Oaks</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3683" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-23T13:51:25+00:00">23rd November 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-23T14:36:10+00:00">23rd November 2024</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Celtic Pathways &#8211; Tan Oaks" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2024-11-23T13:51:25+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT1M44S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of words such as tan, tannin and Tannenbaum. The Proto-Celtic word *tannos means green oak, and comes from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos/*(s)dʰonu (fir). Related words in the Celtic language..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/tanoaks.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="1.9" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6408"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3683-9" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/tanoaks.mp3?_=9" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/tanoaks.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/tanoaks.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/tanoaks.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3683-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/celticpathways/tanoaks.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="tanoaks.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of words such as <strong>tan</strong>, <strong>tannin</strong> and <strong>Tannenbaum</strong>.</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/treehouse1977/3978101840/in/photolist-74wP5L-8BjyYL-U5h1hU-qeY6Sr-qeY4Ui-qwjwZ9-24bjmU2-4wrr4-2oBmmJ6-J7pKYk-pxgvaP-2oMLYzF-2qdNpiC-2nD2Fh3-2pMiG9Q-25ivJZo-2qgj5X7-2qdG9hf-2pNUish-2oaao4D-2jJ38BR-2nSeimS-ovSnyy-2kJWsTG-2pN5Fx3-2kf4jwG-2kK1do9-2kJWtai-2izeouy-2iZtTAn-2mKaPC1-2kJWsX4-2pNTPJR-pzCcA4-2jz8f8m-2jz8f1Y-2izeozy-2BvRae-2jE6gGP-2ix3EpZ-qzkunt-bDEYrG-qeWpuX-4qiWna-8Qfjhc-2iujFii-2pgri8T-2jBTUvs-eQ4WN4-2jJ38xY" title="September"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/2566/3978101840_687f5419bf_z.jpg" width="640" height="509" alt="September"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>*tannos</strong> means green oak, and comes from Proto-Indo-European <em>*(s)dʰnwos/*(s)dʰonu</em> (fir). </p> <p>Related words in the Celtic languages include:</p> <ul> <li><strong>tinne</strong> = the letter t in the Ogham alphabet (ᚈ) in Irish</li> <li><strong>tinne</strong> [tʲenə] = the letter t (ᚈ) in Ogham; gorse, whin, furze (archaic) in Scottish Gaelic</li> <li><strong>taneru</strong> = to tan (hide) in Welsh</li> <li><strong>glastanen gelyn</strong> = holm oak in Cornish</li> <li><strong>tann</strong> = sessile oaks in Breton</li> </ul> <p>For more about words for <strong>oak</strong> and related things, see the Celtiadur post: <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/2019/08/21/oaks/">Oak (trees)</a></p> <p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic roots, via Gaulish <em>*tannos</em> (oak) and Latin <em>tannum</em> (oak bark), include <strong>tan</strong> (pulped oak bark used in the tanning process of leather) in French, <strong>tano</strong> (stem, slip) in Galician, <strong>tanería</strong> (tannery) in Spanish, <strong>Tannenbaum</strong> (fir tree, Christmas tree) in German, <strong>θάμνος</strong> (thámnos – bush) in Greek, and <strong>tan</strong>, <strong>tannery</strong>, <strong>tannin</strong> (tannic acid) in English.</p> <p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>thanë</strong> (cranberry bush) in Albanian, and <strong>धनु</strong> (dhanu – bow, Sagittarius) in Sanskrit. [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tannos">source</a>]. </p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3683" data-a2a-title="Celtic Pathways – Tan Oaks"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3683&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Tan%20Oaks" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3683&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Tan%20Oaks" title="Twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omniglot.com%2Fradio%2F%3Fp%3D3683&linkname=Celtic%20Pathways%20%E2%80%93%20Tan%20Oaks" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a></div></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links">Posted in <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=126" rel="category">Albanian (shqip)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=38" rel="category">Breton (Brezhoneg)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=122" rel="category">Celtic Pathways</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=37" rel="category">Cornish (Kernewek)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=20" rel="category">English</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=56" rel="category">Etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=23" rel="category">French (français)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=117" rel="category">Gaulish</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=24" rel="category">German (Deutsch)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=61" rel="category">Greek (ελληνικά)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=6" rel="category">Irish (Gaeilge)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=4" rel="category">Language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=50" rel="category">Latin (Lingua Latina)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=11" rel="category">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=1" rel="category">Podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=94" rel="category">Proto-Celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=59" rel="category">Proto-Indo-European</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=65" rel="category">Sanskrit (संस्कृतम्)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=5" rel="category">Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=28" rel="category">Spanish (español)</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?cat=7" rel="category">Welsh (Cymraeg)</a></span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=celtic" rel="tag">celtic</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=etymology" rel="tag">etymology</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=language" rel="tag">language</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=linguistics" rel="tag">linguistics</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=music" rel="tag">music</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=oak" rel="tag">oak</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=omniglot" rel="tag">omniglot</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=podcast" rel="tag">podcast</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=tan" rel="tag">tan</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=tannery" rel="tag">tannery</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=tannin" rel="tag">tannin</a>, <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?tag=words" rel="tag">words</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3683#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-3658" class="post-3658 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-adventures-in-etymology category-anglo-norman-norman category-english category-etymology category-german category-italian category-language category-latin category-middle-english category-music category-old-french-franceis category-podcast category-proto-indo-european category-proto-italic category-spanish"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3658" rel="bookmark">Adventures in Etymology – Monitoring Monsters</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?p=3658" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-16T15:58:28+00:00">16th November 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-16T15:58:29+00:00">16th November 2024</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?author=1">Simon</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/AudioObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Adventures in Etymology &#8211; Monitoring Monsters" /><meta itemprop="uploadDate" content="2024-11-16T15:58:28+00:00" /><meta itemprop="encodingFormat" content="audio/mpeg" /><meta itemprop="duration" content="PT2M16S" /><meta itemprop="description" content="In this Adventure in Etymology, we're finding connections between monitors and monsters. A monitor [ˈmɒn.ɪ.tə/ˈmɔn.ɪ.tɚ] is: Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone. A device that detects and informs on the..." /><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/monitoringmonsters.mp3" /><meta itemprop="contentSize" content="2.5" /><div class="powerpress_player" id="powerpress_player_6409"><audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-3658-10" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/monitoringmonsters.mp3?_=10" /><a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/monitoringmonsters.mp3">https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/monitoringmonsters.mp3</a></audio></div></div><p class="powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3" style="margin-bottom: 1px !important;">Podcast: <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/monitoringmonsters.mp3" class="powerpress_link_pinw" target="_blank" title="Play in new window" onclick="return powerpress_pinw('https://www.omniglot.com/radio/?powerpress_pinw=3658-podcast');" rel="nofollow">Play in new window</a> | <a href="https://media.blubrry.com/radio_omniglot/www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/etymology/monitoringmonsters.mp3" class="powerpress_link_d" title="Download" rel="nofollow" download="monitoringmonsters.mp3">Download</a></p><p>In this Adventure in Etymology, we’re finding connections between <strong>monitors</strong> and <strong>monsters</strong>.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/videos/monitoringmonsters2.jpg" width="634" height="293" alt="Monitoring Monsters" /></p> <p>A <strong>monitor</strong> [ˈmɒn.ɪ.tə/ˈmɔn.ɪ.tɚ] is:</p> <ul> <li>Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.</li> <li>A device that detects and informs on the presence, quantity, etc., of something.</li> <li>A device used to give a graphical display of the output from a computer. <em>(other meanings are available</em>)</li> </ul> <p>It comes from Latin <em>monitor</em> (counsellor, preceptor, prompter), from <em>moneō</em> (to warn, advise, remind), from Proto-Italic <em>*moneō</em> (to remind, warn), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*moné-ye-ti</em>, from <em>*mon-éye-</em>, from <em>*men-</em> (to think) [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/monitor#English">source</a>].</p> <p>Words from the same roots include <strong>admonish</strong>, <strong>amnesia</strong>, <strong>automatic</strong>, <strong>comment</strong>, <strong>dementia</strong>, <strong>summon</strong>, <strong>mental</strong> and possibly <strong>music</strong> in English, <strong>monieren</strong> (to criticize) in German, <strong>amonestar</strong> (to warn, reprimand, admonish) in Spanish, and <strong>premonire</strong> (to forewarn, foretell) in Italian [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/men-">source</a>].</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/nobluefairy/20575996/in/photolist-2Pswy-2Uyq8u-6TMhXn-T3nmX-9atjE-6TMn1v-6TRqvo-6TRuMm-6TMo8P-6TRnEj-6TMpjT-6TMpQR-CADg1t-6TRoKU-6TGayq-8VKWvq-2miuHP7-eekm4i-2phhzQD-2exD639-qQyEQH-2nP3tQT-2igHe8Q-K7dNe5-7ah1qp-zMaz3r-2oLRZZn-hLw5Kf-pP8bWb-ozHjJ8-2pC5b2h-dJyHvT-9wehxq-o8QTyb-ozHh5F-oiuepb-nRtG89-oxXdC9-o9rHew-nRuKDn-oBJQQt-2jBE8En-ozZaKP-oiuBrA-qzQxG3-oxXfyd-pD99Zz-pCUMxd-ozM2AW-qzUq8F" title="Monsters"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/15/20575996_4fc1aa5ed1_z.jpg" width="640" height="480" alt="Monsters"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>The word <strong>monster</strong> (a terrifying and dangerous creature, especially one of an imaginary or mythical kind, etc) also comes from the same roots, via Middle English <em>monstre</em> (monster, beast, strange happening), Old French <em>monstre</em> (monster), Latin <em>mōnstrum</em> (evil omen, monster), and <em>moneō</em> (to warn, advise, remind) – so a monster is something you need to be warned about [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/monster#English">source</a>].</p> <p><a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/daveograve/520169211/in/photolist-MY1bF-fKaZbk-7VePHh-5xuJuw-44zJFJ-2ppkFJD-9kNR7u-bds8uv-a32J27-bZNCVq-2mo3WXd-2kJ9Vwg-b9Nzd-a31VGs-HwRKjA-2jPMQkp-9VAVRg-bRfeY8-2nr9hEp-yNYtG-2ku8PtB-BtcWbK-2iAWQ3e-2nBHQ5h-2q9fYVS-ak7rXt-2oxgo7P-2nMY6zc-2jDofHS-N1U9pp-7Mk5Nj-2oTtBXz-2iWbu8F-2mHfkNk-2kxvtEL-2iYJypN-2iadpbp-B89wKQ-2iYP3TH-2orRgUd-5WEQZB-2j6E1cX-2iagTkJ-6NfrxE-2iFUjX8-2j6E17r-xoHF4-5jV3Dh-2mKJ6GU-81JzpW" title="Money"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/212/520169211_2ff8058c4f_z.jpg" width="640" height="425" alt="Money"/></a><script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p> <p>The word <strong>money</strong> possibly also comes from the same roots, via Middle English <em>moneye</em> (money, currency, coinage), Anglo-Norman <em>muneie</em> (money), Latin <em>monēta</em> (money, coin, mint), from the temple of Juno Moneta, the home of the ancient Roman mint, whose name is may be connected to <em>moneō</em> [<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/money#English">source</a>]. </p> <p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/radio-omniglot/id1432641094">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3/radio-omniglot">Amazon Music</a>, <a href="https://tunein.com/podcasts/Education-Podcasts/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145/">TuneIn</a>, <a href="https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/radio-omniglot-716327">Podchaser</a>, <a href="<a href="https://podbay.fm/p/radio-omniglot">Podbay</a> or <a href="https://podtail.com/da/podcast/radio-omniglot/">Podtail</a> and other pod places.</p> <p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href="https://www.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_flow&SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63">PayPal</a> or <a href="https://www.patreon.com/omniglot">Patreon</a>, or <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/donations.htm">contribute to Omniglot in other ways</a>.</p> <p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href="https://blubrry.com/services/podcast-hosting/?code=omniglot">Blubrry Podcast Hosting</a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://www.japanesepod101.com/member/go.php?r=759259&i=b0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.omniglot.com/images/banners/banner_japanesepod.jpg" alt="The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com" width="630" height="83"></a></p> <p>I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href="https://www.omniglot.com/bloggle/">Omniglot Blog</a>, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the <a href="http://www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/">Celtiadur</a> blog.</p> <div align="center"><a href="http://my.kualo.com/uk/go/00572" target="_blank"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://cdn.kualo.com/rewards/uk-unlimited-728x90.gif" width="728" height="90" border="0" alt="Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo"/></a></div> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content 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