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id="toc-The_Arts_and_Crafts_Movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Studio_crafts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Studio_crafts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Studio crafts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Studio_crafts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Craft_fairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Craft_fairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Craft fairs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Craft_fairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tradesperson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tradesperson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Tradesperson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tradesperson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Communities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Craft</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handwerk" title="Handwerk – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Handwerk" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9" title="حرفة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حرفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рамяство – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рамяство" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рамяство – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рамяство" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handweak" title="Handweak – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Handweak" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98emeslo" title="Řemeslo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řemeslo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crefft" title="Crefft – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Crefft" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A5ndv%C3%A6rk" title="Håndværk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Håndværk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handwerk" title="Handwerk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Handwerk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Τεχνική – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τεχνική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metio" title="Metio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Metio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="صنعت‌گری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صنعت‌گری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%97%9D" title="工藝 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="工藝" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%98%88" title="공예 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공예" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="शिल्पकर्म – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शिल्पकर्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mestiero" title="Mestiero – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mestiero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajinan" title="Kerajinan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajinan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handverk" title="Handverk – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Handverk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Қолөнер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қолөнер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%87%D2%AF%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BA" title="Кол өнөрчүлүк – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кол өнөрчүлүк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handwierk" title="Handwierk – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Handwierk" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seng%C4%A7a" title="Sengħa – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Sengħa" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambacht_(handwerk)" title="Ambacht (handwerk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ambacht (handwerk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%8A%B8" title="工芸 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="工芸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoonwerk" title="Hoonwerk – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hoonwerk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A5ndverk" title="Håndverk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Håndverk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handverk" title="Handverk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Handverk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunarmandchilik" title="Hunarmandchilik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hunarmandchilik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handwark" title="Handwark – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Handwark" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rzemios%C5%82o" title="Rzemiosło – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rzemiosło" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Ремесло – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ремесло" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zejtaria" title="Zejtaria – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zejtaria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4" title="ශිල්ප – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ශිල්ප" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craft" title="Craft – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Craft" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remeslo" title="Remeslo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Remeslo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obrt" title="Obrt – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obrt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rzymios%C5%82o" title="Rzymiosło – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Rzymiosło" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Занатство – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Занатство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanatstvo" title="Zanatstvo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zanatstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantverk" title="Hantverk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hantverk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கைவினைக் கலைகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கைவினைக் கலைகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawuri" title="Tawuri – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tawuri" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Кәсеп – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кәсеп" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_i%C5%9Fi" title="El işi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="El işi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Ремесло – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ремесло" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mest%C3%AE" title="Mestî – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mestî" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%97%9D" title="工藝 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="工藝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%89%BA" title="工艺 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="工艺" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Ремесло – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Skill performed manually</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Craft_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Craft (disambiguation)">Craft (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Craft" title="Special:EditPage/Craft">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Craft%22">"Craft"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Craft%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Craft%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Craft%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Craft%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Craft%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg/220px-Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg/330px-Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg/440px-Swanson_Shoe_Repair_18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoes">Shoes</a> are repaired by a skilled <a href="/wiki/Shoemaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoemaker">shoemaker</a>; here he evaluates a pair of shoes with a <a href="/wiki/Customer" title="Customer">customer</a> watching.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg/170px-NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg/255px-NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg/340px-NSRW_Japanese_potter_at_his_wheel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>Japanese potter at his wheel (1914)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri%2C_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_India.jpg/170px-Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri%2C_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri%2C_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_India.jpg/255px-Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri%2C_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri%2C_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_India.jpg/340px-Traditional_Bagh_hand_block_print_master_craftsman-artisan-artist_Mohammed_Bilal_Khatri%2C_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="5760" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bagh_Print" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagh Print">Bagh print traditional hand block print craft</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>craft</b> or <b>trade</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Pastime" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastime">pastime</a> or an <a href="/wiki/Occupation_(human_activity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupation (human activity)">occupation</a> that requires particular skills and knowledge of <a href="/wiki/Skilled_worker" title="Skilled worker">skilled work</a>. In a historical sense, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and earlier, the term is usually applied to people occupied in small scale production of <a href="/wiki/Good_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Good (economics)">goods</a>, or their <a href="/wiki/Maintenance,_repair,_and_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Maintenance, repair, and operations">maintenance</a>, for example by <a href="/wiki/Tinker" title="Tinker">tinkers</a>. The traditional term <i>craftsman</i> is nowadays often replaced by <i><a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">artisan</a></i> and by <i><a href="/wiki/Craftsperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Craftsperson">craftsperson</a></i>. </p><p>Historically, the more specialized crafts with high-value products tended to concentrate in <a href="/wiki/Urban_centers" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban centers">urban centers</a> and their practitioners formed <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">guilds</a>. The skill required by their professions and the need to be permanently involved in the <a href="/wiki/Trade" title="Trade">exchange of goods</a> often demanded a higher level of <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, and craftspeople were usually in a more privileged position than the <a href="/wiki/Peasantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Peasantry">peasantry</a> in <a href="/wiki/Complex_society" title="Complex society">societal hierarchy</a>. The households of artisans were not as self-sufficient as those of people engaged in agricultural work, and therefore had to rely on the exchange of goods. Some crafts, especially in areas such as <a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">pottery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">woodworking</a>, and various stages of textile production, could be practiced on a part-time basis by those also working in agriculture, and often formed part of village life. </p><p>When an <a href="/wiki/Apprentice" class="mw-redirect" title="Apprentice">apprentice</a> finished their apprenticeship, they became a <a href="/wiki/Journeyman" title="Journeyman">journeyman</a> searching for a place to set up their own shop and make a living. After setting up their own shop, they could then call themselves a <a href="/wiki/Master_craftsman" title="Master craftsman">master of their craft</a>. </p><p>This stepwise approach to mastery of a craft, which includes the attainment of some education and skill, has survived in some countries to the present day. But crafts have undergone deep structural changes since and during the era of the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a> of goods by large-scale <a href="/wiki/Industry_(manufacturing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Industry (manufacturing)">industry</a> has limited crafts to market segments in which industry's modes of functioning or its mass-produced goods do not satisfy the preferences of potential buyers. As an outcome of these changes, craftspeople today increasingly make use of semi-finished components or materials and adapt these to their customers' requirements or demands. Thus, they participate in a certain <a href="/wiki/Division_of_labour" title="Division of labour">division of labour</a> between industry and craft. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nature_of_craft_skill">Nature of craft skill</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nature of craft skill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nature of craft skill and the process of its development are continually debated by philosophers, <a href="/wiki/Anthropologist" title="Anthropologist">anthropologists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_scientist" class="mw-redirect" title="Cognitive scientist">cognitive scientists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars note that craft skill is marked by particular ways of experiencing tools and materials, whether by allowing tools to recede from focal awareness,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> perceiving tools and materials in terms of their practical interrelationships,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or seeing aspects of work that are invisible to the untrained observer.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other scholars working on craft skill focus on observational learning and mimicry, exploring how learners visually parse the movements of experts.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain researchers even de-emphasize the role of the individual craftsperson, noting the collective nature of craft understanding<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or emphasizing the role of materials as collaborators in the process of production.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_crafts" title="Outline of crafts">Outline of crafts</a></div> <p>There are three aspects to human creativity:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (September 2022)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> art, crafts, and science. Roughly, art relies upon intuitive sensing, vision, and expression; crafts upon sophisticated technique; and science upon knowledge. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:India_StreetCraft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/India_StreetCraft.jpg/220px-India_StreetCraft.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/India_StreetCraft.jpg/330px-India_StreetCraft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/India_StreetCraft.jpg/440px-India_StreetCraft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2043" data-file-height="1490" /></a><figcaption>Street handicraft: here a skilled <a href="/wiki/Metalsmith" title="Metalsmith">metalsmith</a> in <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> sits between <a href="/wiki/Scooter_(motorcycle)" title="Scooter (motorcycle)">scooters</a> in a commercial area making careful observations in the practice of his trade</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Handicraft">Handicraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Handicraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Handicraft" title="Handicraft">Handicraft</a></div> <p><b>Handicraft</b> is the "<a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">traditional</a>" main sector of the crafts. It is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are <a href="/wiki/Craft_production" title="Craft production">made completely by hand or by using only simple tools</a>. The term is usually applied to traditional means of making goods. The individual <a href="/wiki/Workmanship" title="Workmanship">artisanship</a> of the items is a paramount criterion, an such items often have cultural and/or religious significance. Items made by <a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a> or machines are not handicraft goods. </p><p>The beginning of crafts in areas like the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> involved the governing bodies<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="which governing bodies? (July 2023)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> requiring members of the city who were skilled at creating goods to open shops in the center of town. These people slowly stopped acting as <a href="/wiki/Subsistence_agriculture" title="Subsistence agriculture">subsistence farmers</a> (who created goods in their own homes to trade with neighbors) and began to represent what we think of as "craftspeople" today.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides traditional goods, handicraft contributes to the field of <a href="/wiki/Computing" title="Computing">computing</a> by combining craft practices with technology. For example, in 1968, the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8"><i>Apollo 8</i> spacecraft's</a> core memory consisted of wires that were woven around and through electromagnetic cores by hand. The <a href="/wiki/Core_rope_memory" title="Core rope memory">core rope memory</a> they<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (July 2023)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> created contained information used to successfully complete the mission.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crafts and craftspeople have become a subject of academic study. For example, Stephanie Bunn was an artist before she became an anthropologist, and she went on to develop an academic interest in the process of craft. She argues that what happens to an object before it becomes a "product" is an area worthy of study.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Arts_and_Crafts_Movement">The Arts and Crafts Movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Arts and Crafts Movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts and Crafts Movement">Arts and Crafts Movement</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mackintosh_Window_(304516308).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mackintosh_Window_%28304516308%29.jpg/220px-Mackintosh_Window_%28304516308%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mackintosh_Window_%28304516308%29.jpg/330px-Mackintosh_Window_%28304516308%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mackintosh_Window_%28304516308%29.jpg/440px-Mackintosh_Window_%28304516308%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1935" data-file-height="2004" /></a><figcaption>Stained glass window, The Hill House, <a href="/wiki/Helensburgh" title="Helensburgh">Helensburgh</a>, Scotland</figcaption></figure> <p>The term <i>crafts</i> is used to describe artistic practices within the family of <a href="/wiki/Decorative_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Decorative art">decorative arts</a> that traditionally are defined by their relationship to functional or utilitarian products (such as <a href="/wiki/Sculptural" class="mw-redirect" title="Sculptural">sculptural</a> forms in the vessel tradition) or by their use of such natural media as <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ceramic" title="Ceramic">ceramics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glass" title="Glass">glass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Textiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Textiles">textiles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a>. </p><p>The Arts and Crafts Movement originated in Britain during the late 19th century and was characterized by a style of decoration reminiscent of medieval times. The primary artist associated with the movement is <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a>, whose work was reinforced with writings from <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a>. The movement placed a high importance on the quality of craftsmanship, while emphasizing the importance for the arts to contribute to economic reform. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studio_crafts">Studio crafts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Studio crafts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Studio_craft" title="Studio craft">Studio craft</a></div> <p>Crafts practiced by independent artists working alone or in small groups are referred to as studio craft. Studio craft includes <a href="/wiki/Studio_pottery" title="Studio pottery">studio pottery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metalworking" title="Metalworking">metalwork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">weaving</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodturning" title="Woodturning">woodturning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paper" title="Paper">paper</a> and other forms of <a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">woodworking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glassblowing" title="Glassblowing">glassblowing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Glass_art" title="Glass art">glass art</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Craft_fairs">Craft fairs <span class="anchor" id="Craft_fair"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Craft fairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A craft <a href="/wiki/Fair" title="Fair">fair</a> is an organized event to display and sell crafts. There are also craft stores where such goods are sold and craft communities, such as <a href="/wiki/Craftster" title="Craftster">Craftster</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Expertise" class="mw-redirect" title="Expertise">expertise</a> is shared. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tradesperson">Tradesperson</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tradesperson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tradesperson" title="Tradesperson">Tradesperson</a></div> <p>A tradesperson is a skilled manual worker in a particular trade or craft, with a high degree of both practical and theoretical knowledge of their trade. In cultures where professional careers are highly prized, there can be a shortage of skilled manual workers, leading to lucrative niche markets in the trades. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">Apprenticeship</a> – System for training new crafts-people</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">Artisan</a> – Skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handicraft" title="Handicraft">Arts and crafts</a> – Item production made completely by hand or with simple tools</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement" title="Arts and Crafts movement">Arts and Crafts movement</a> – Design movement (c. 1880–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagh_print" title="Bagh print">Bagh print</a> – Traditional Indian wood block printing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagru_print" title="Bagru print">Bagru print</a> – Traditional hand block printing of Bagru, India</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craft_production" title="Craft production">Craft production</a> – Factory where products are hand-made</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decorative_arts" title="Decorative arts">Decorative arts</a> – Arts or crafts concerned with the design and manufacture of functional, beautiful objects</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fully_feathered_basket" title="Fully feathered basket">Fully feathered basket</a> – Basket-ware made in Northern California</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">Guild</a> – Association of artisans or merchants</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_craft" title="Japanese craft">Japanese craft</a> – Handicrafts of Japan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journeyman" title="Journeyman">Journeyman</a> – Skilled worker who has successfully completed an official apprenticeship</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_craftsman" title="Master craftsman">Master craftsman</a> – Occupational rank</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otium" title="Otium">Otium</a> – Leisure time in ancient Roman culture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallet_crafts" title="Pallet crafts">Pallet crafts</a> – Crafts and projects which use discarded wooden shipping pallets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profession" title="Profession">Profession</a> – Vocation founded upon specialized educational training</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiprofession" title="Semiprofession">Semiprofession</a> – Skilled occupation short of profession</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocation" title="Vocation">Vocation</a> – Occupation to which a person is especially drawn or for which they are especially suited</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a> – Technology for the production of textiles</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Communities">Communities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Craft_Council" title="American Craft Council">American Craft Council</a> – National non-profitable organization</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_commerce" title="Chamber of commerce">Chamber of commerce</a> – Organization for the promotion of business interests</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craft_Northern_Ireland" title="Craft Northern Ireland">Craft Northern Ireland</a> – Regional development agency for crafts</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crafts_Council" title="Crafts Council">Crafts Council</a> – United Kingdom charity for craft</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crafts_Council_of_British_Columbia" title="Crafts Council of British Columbia">Crafts Council of British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Society_of_Mechanics_and_Tradesmen_of_the_City_of_New_York" title="General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen of the City of New York">General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen of the City of New York</a> – Educational and cultural association (founded 1785)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Crafts_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Crafts Association">Heritage Crafts Association</a> – Charitable organisation in the UK<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_K%C5%8Dgei_Association" title="Japan Kōgei Association">Japan Kōgei Association</a> – Non-profit association dedicated to the protection and development of intangible cultural heritage</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_Place_Market" title="Pike Place Market">Pike Place Market</a> – Public market and tourist attraction in Seattle, Washington</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_Artists_Program_of_San_Francisco" title="Street Artists Program of San Francisco">Street Artists Program of San Francisco</a> – Municipal arts program</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMartin2021" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Tom (2021). "2: Enduring Questions in Craft Research". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1237490664"><i>Craft learning as perceptual transformation: getting 'the feel' in the wooden boat workshop</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-030-64283-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-030-64283-9"><bdi>978-3-030-64283-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1237490664">1237490664</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=2%3A+Enduring+Questions+in+Craft+Research&rft.btitle=Craft+learning+as+perceptual+transformation%3A+getting+%27the+feel%27+in+the+wooden+boat+workshop&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1237490664&rft.isbn=978-3-030-64283-9&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1237490664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor2007" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, Erin (2007). "Hot glass: The calorific imagination of practice in glassblowing". In Calhoun, Craig J.; Sennett, Richard (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/174255786"><i>Practicing culture</i></a>. London: Routledge. pp. 57–81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-94495-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-94495-0"><bdi>978-0-203-94495-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/174255786">174255786</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hot+glass%3A+The+calorific+imagination+of+practice+in+glassblowing&rft.btitle=Practicing+culture&rft.place=London&rft.pages=57-81&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F174255786&rft.isbn=978-0-203-94495-0&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F174255786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin2020" class="citation journal cs1">Martin, Tom (2020-12-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/pandpr/index.php/pandpr/article/view/29441">"Relational Perception and 'the feel' for Tools in the Wooden Boat Workshop"</a>. <i>Phenomenology & Practice</i>. <b>15</b> (2): 5–23. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.29173%2Fpandpr29441">10.29173/pandpr29441</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1913-4711">1913-4711</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234377859">234377859</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phenomenology+%26+Practice&rft.atitle=Relational+Perception+and+%27the+feel%27+for+Tools+in+the+Wooden+Boat+Workshop&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=5-23&rft.date=2020-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A234377859%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1913-4711&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.29173%2Fpandpr29441&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.library.ualberta.ca%2Fpandpr%2Findex.php%2Fpandpr%2Farticle%2Fview%2F29441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrasseni2018" class="citation book cs1">Grasseni, Cristina (2018). "Skilled Vision". In Callan, Hilary; Coleman, Simon (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1013888029"><i>The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology</i></a>. Hoboken, N.J. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-92439-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-92439-6"><bdi>978-1-118-92439-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1013888029">1013888029</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Skilled+Vision&rft.btitle=The+International+Encyclopedia+of+Anthropology&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+N.J.&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1013888029&rft.isbn=978-1-118-92439-6&rft.aulast=Grasseni&rft.aufirst=Cristina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1013888029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarchand2010" class="citation journal cs1">Marchand, Trevor H.J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rai.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2010.01612.x">"Embodied cognition and communication: studies with British fine woodworkers"</a>. <i>Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute</i>. <b>16</b>: S100–S120. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9655.2010.01612.x">10.1111/j.1467-9655.2010.01612.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Anthropological+Institute&rft.atitle=Embodied+cognition+and+communication%3A+studies+with+British+fine+woodworkers&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=S100-S120&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9655.2010.01612.x&rft.aulast=Marchand&rft.aufirst=Trevor+H.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frai.onlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9655.2010.01612.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaveWenger1991" class="citation book cs1">Lave, Jean; Wenger, Etienne (1991-09-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/books/situated-learning/6915ABD21C8E4619F750A4D4ACA616CD?chapterId=CBO9780511815355A009#contents"><i>Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 27–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fcbo9780511815355.003">10.1017/cbo9780511815355.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521413084" title="Special:BookSources/9780521413084"><bdi>9780521413084</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Situated+Learning%3A+Legitimate+Peripheral+Participation&rft.pages=27-44&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1991-09-27&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fcbo9780511815355.003&rft.isbn=9780521413084&rft.aulast=Lave&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Wenger%2C+Etienne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fhighereducation%2Fbooks%2Fsituated-learning%2F6915ABD21C8E4619F750A4D4ACA616CD%3FchapterId%3DCBO9780511815355A009%23contents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline;"><ul style="display:inline;"><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;display:inline; margin:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngold2006" class="citation book cs1">Ingold, Tim (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781403983053_6">"Walking the Plank: Meditations on a Process of Skill"</a>. In Dakers, John R. (ed.). <i>Defining Technological Literacy</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US. pp. 65–80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9781403983053_6">10.1057/9781403983053_6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-53206-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-53206-3"><bdi>978-1-349-53206-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Walking+the+Plank%3A+Meditations+on+a+Process+of+Skill&rft.btitle=Defining+Technological+Literacy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=65-80&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+US&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F9781403983053_6&rft.isbn=978-1-349-53206-3&rft.aulast=Ingold&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1057%2F9781403983053_6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;margin-top:.5em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnappettMalafouris2008" class="citation book cs1">Knappett, Carl; Malafouris, Lambros (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/317883316"><i>Material agency: towards a non-anthropocentric approach</i></a>. Berlin: Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-74711-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-74711-8"><bdi>978-0-387-74711-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/317883316">317883316</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Material+agency%3A+towards+a+non-anthropocentric+approach&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F317883316&rft.isbn=978-0-387-74711-8&rft.aulast=Knappett&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.au=Malafouris%2C+Lambros&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F317883316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuraiya2014" class="citation book cs1">Suraiya, Faroqhi (2014). <i>Artisans of Empire : Crafts and Craftspeople Under the Ottomans</i>. I.B. Tauris. p. 119. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857710628" title="Special:BookSources/9780857710628"><bdi>9780857710628</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/956646181">956646181</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Artisans+of+Empire+%3A+Crafts+and+Craftspeople+Under+the+Ottomans.&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F956646181&rft.isbn=9780857710628&rft.aulast=Suraiya&rft.aufirst=Faroqhi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosner2020" class="citation book cs1">Rosner, Daniela K. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/title/1194870241"><i>Critical Fabulations: reworking the methods and margins of design</i></a>. MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-54268-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-54268-5"><bdi>978-0-262-54268-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1194870241">1194870241</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Critical+Fabulations%3A+reworking+the+methods+and+margins+of+design.&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1194870241&rft.isbn=978-0-262-54268-5&rft.aulast=Rosner&rft.aufirst=Daniela+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F1194870241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngold2011" class="citation book cs1">Ingold, Tim (2011). <i>Redrawing Anthropology: Materials, Movements, Lines</i>. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Limited. pp. 21–22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Redrawing+Anthropology%3A+Materials%2C+Movements%2C+Lines&rft.place=Farnham&rft.pages=21-22&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Ingold&rft.aufirst=Tim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACraft" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Craft&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4023299-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Handicraft"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85058715">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="řemesla"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph128287&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007548379705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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