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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The National Service Act</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_National_Service_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Post-war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ranks</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ranks-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ranks subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Other ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Directors_ATS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Directors_ATS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of Directors ATS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Directors_ATS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_ATS_personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_ATS_personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable ATS personnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_ATS_personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> 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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDensk%C3%A9_pomocn%C3%A9_pozemn%C3%AD_sbory" title="Ženské pomocné pozemní sbory – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ženské pomocné pozemní sbory" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service" title="Auxiliary Territorial Service – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Auxiliary Territorial Service" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_Territorial_Auxiliar" title="Servicio Territorial Auxiliar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio Territorial Auxiliar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service" title="Auxiliary Territorial Service – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Auxiliary Territorial Service" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%A1%B0_%EC%98%81%ED%86%A0_%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4" title="보조 영토 서비스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보조 영토 서비스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D6%85%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Տարածքային օժանդակ ծառայություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տարածքային օժանդակ ծառայություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service" title="Auxiliary Territorial Service – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Auxiliary Territorial Service" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חיל העזר לנשים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיל העזר לנשים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A3%9C%E5%8A%A9%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E7%BE%A9%E5%8B%87%E8%BB%8D" title="補助地方義勇軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="補助地方義勇軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81" title="Женский вспомогательный территориальный корпус – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Женский вспомогательный территориальный корпус" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service" title="Auxiliary Territorial Service – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Auxiliary Territorial Service" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81" title="Жіночий допоміжний територіальний корпус – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жіночий допоміжний територіальний корпус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%9F%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="本土辅助部队 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="本土辅助部队" data-language-autonym="中文" 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style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Auxiliary Territorial Service</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ATS_cap_badge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/ATS_cap_badge.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="181" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="181" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cap Badge of the Auxiliary Territorial Service</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">9 September 1938 – 1 February 1949</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="406" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">190,000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Ceremonial chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Princess_Royal_and_Countess_of_Harewood" title="Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood">Princess Mary</a> (Honorary Controller-Commandant)</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Auxiliary Territorial Service</b> (<b>ATS</b>; often pronounced as an <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a>) was the women's branch of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>. It was formed on 9 September 1938, initially as a women's voluntary service, and existed until 1 February 1949, when it was merged into the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Royal_Army_Corps" title="Women's Royal Army Corps">Women's Royal Army Corps</a>. </p><p>The ATS had its roots in the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Army_Auxiliary_Corps_(Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (Britain)">Women's Auxiliary Army Corps</a> (WAAC), which was formed in 1917 as a voluntary service. During the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a> its members served in a number of jobs including clerks, cooks, telephonists and waitresses. The WAAC was disbanded after four years in 1921. </p><p>Prior to the Second World War, the government decided to establish a new Corps for women, and an advisory council, which included members of the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Army_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Army (United Kingdom)">Territorial Army</a> (TA), a section of the <a href="/wiki/First_Aid_Nursing_Yeomanry" title="First Aid Nursing Yeomanry">Women's Transport Service</a> (FANY) and the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Legion" title="Women's Legion">Women's Legion</a>, was set up. The council decided that the ATS would be attached to the Territorial Army, and the women serving would receive two thirds the pay of male soldiers. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ATS_Memorial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""White statue of a woman in uniform, with a chapel in the background. Photographed 1877"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/ATS_Memorial.jpg/170px-ATS_Memorial.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/ATS_Memorial.jpg/255px-ATS_Memorial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/ATS_Memorial.jpg/340px-ATS_Memorial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1642" data-file-height="2609" /></a><figcaption>An ATS memorial at the <a href="/wiki/National_Memorial_Arboretum" title="National Memorial Arboretum">National Memorial Arboretum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>All women in the army joined the ATS except for nurses, who joined <a href="/wiki/Queen_Alexandra%27s_Imperial_Military_Nursing_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service">Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service</a> (QAIMNS), medical and dental officers, who were commissioned directly into the Army and held army ranks, and those remaining in the FANY, known as Free FANYs. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_action">In action</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg/220px-The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg/330px-The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg/440px-The_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939_-_1945_H36315.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1838" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption>Two members of an ATS searchlight unit.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first recruits to the ATS were employed as cooks, clerks and storekeepers. At the outbreak of the Second World War, 300 ATS members were billeted to France. As the German Army advanced through France, the <a href="/wiki/British_Expeditionary_Force_(World_War_II)" title="British Expeditionary Force (World War II)">British Expeditionary Force</a> was driven back towards the English Channel. This led to the evacuation of troops from <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dunkirk" title="Battle of Dunkirk">Dunkirk</a> in May 1940, and some ATS telephonists were among the last British personnel to leave the country. </p><p>As more men joined the war effort, it was decided to increase the size of the ATS, with numbers reaching 65,000 by September 1941. Women between the ages of 17 and 43 were allowed to join, although these rules were relaxed in order to allow WAAC veterans to join up to the age of 50. The duties of members were also expanded, seeing ATS orderlies, drivers, postal workers and ammunition inspectors.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the six-year period of the War, about 500 ATS personnel were trained to operate the <a href="/wiki/Cinetheodolite" title="Cinetheodolite">Cinetheodolite</a>, with the highest number being in 1943–44, when 305 ATS were in active service using this equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One application of this specialist camera was in gunnery practice, where a pair of Cinetheodolites a known distance apart filmed the shell bursts from <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">anti-aircraft artillery</a> against <a href="/wiki/Target_tug" title="Target tug">target drones</a> towed by an aircraft. By comparing the filmed location of the shells' detonation and the target, accurate calculations of their relative position could be made that would reveal any systematic error in the <a href="/wiki/Sight_(device)" title="Sight (device)">gunsights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_National_Service_Act">The National Service Act</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The National Service Act"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg/170px-INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg/255px-INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg/340px-INF3-117_Forces_Recruitment_ATS_They_can%27t_get_on_without_us_Artist_Dugdale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2428" data-file-height="3620" /></a><figcaption>ATS recruitment poster, with AA gun in background</figcaption></figure> <p>In December 1941, Parliament passed the National Service Act, which called up unmarried women between 20 and 30 years old to join one of the auxiliary services. These were the ATS, the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Royal_Naval_Service" title="Women's Royal Naval Service">Women's Royal Naval Service</a> (WRNS), the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Auxiliary_Air_Force" title="Women's Auxiliary Air Force">Women's Auxiliary Air Force</a> (WAAF) and the <a href="/wiki/First_Aid_Nursing_Yeomanry" title="First Aid Nursing Yeomanry">Women's Transport Service</a>. Married women were also later called up, although pregnant women and those with young children were exempt. Other options under the Act included joining the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Voluntary_Service" title="Royal Voluntary Service">Women's Voluntary Service</a> (WVS), which supplemented the emergency services at home, or the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Land_Army" title="Women's Land Army">Women's Land Army</a>, helping on farms.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was also provision made in the act for objection to service on moral grounds, as about a third of those on the <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objectors</a> list were women. A number of women were prosecuted as a result of the act, some even being imprisoned. Despite this, by 1943 about nine out of ten women were taking an active part in the war effort. </p><p>Women were barred from serving in battle, but due to shortages of men, ATS members, as well as members of the other women's voluntary services, took over many support tasks, such as <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a> operators, forming part of the crews of <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-aircraft gun">anti-aircraft guns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Police" title="Royal Military Police">military police</a>. However, these roles were not without risk, and there were, according to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_War_Museum" title="Imperial War Museum">Imperial War Museum</a>, 717 casualties during World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_(ATS)_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot,_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_%28ATS%29_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot%2C_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg/220px-Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_%28ATS%29_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot%2C_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_%28ATS%29_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot%2C_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg/330px-Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_%28ATS%29_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot%2C_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_%28ATS%29_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot%2C_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg/440px-Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_%28ATS%29_women_working_on_a_Churchill_tank_at_a_Royal_Army_Ordnance_Corps_depot%2C_10_October_1942._H24517_-_Restoration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1775" /></a><figcaption>ATS women working on a <a href="/wiki/Churchill_tank" title="Churchill tank">Churchill tank</a> at a Royal Army Ordnance Corps depot, 10 October 1942.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators,_Aldershot,_Hampshire,_England,_UK,_1941_D5503.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators%2C_Aldershot%2C_Hampshire%2C_England%2C_UK%2C_1941_D5503.jpg/220px-ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators%2C_Aldershot%2C_Hampshire%2C_England%2C_UK%2C_1941_D5503.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators%2C_Aldershot%2C_Hampshire%2C_England%2C_UK%2C_1941_D5503.jpg/330px-ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators%2C_Aldershot%2C_Hampshire%2C_England%2C_UK%2C_1941_D5503.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators%2C_Aldershot%2C_Hampshire%2C_England%2C_UK%2C_1941_D5503.jpg/440px-ATS_Cine_Projector_Operators%2C_Aldershot%2C_Hampshire%2C_England%2C_UK%2C_1941_D5503.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="595" /></a><figcaption>Two projectionists of the Auxiliary Territorial Service operate a projector at the field stores, Aldershot, in 1941.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first 'Mixed' Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) battery of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> (<a href="/wiki/435th_(Mixed)_Heavy_Anti-Aircraft_Battery,_Royal_Artillery" title="435th (Mixed) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery">435 (Mixed) HAA Battery</a>) was formed on 25 June 1941, and took over an operational gun site in <a href="/wiki/Richmond_Park" title="Richmond Park">Richmond Park</a>, south-west London, in August. It was the forerunner of hundreds of similar units with the ATS supplying two-thirds of the personnel: at its height in 1943 three-quarters of <a href="/wiki/Anti-Aircraft_Command" title="Anti-Aircraft Command">Anti-Aircraft Command</a>'s HAA batteries were mixed. Several Heavy Anti-Aircraft regiments deployed to North West Europe with <a href="/wiki/21st_Army_Group" title="21st Army Group">21st Army Group</a> in 1944–45 were 'Mixed' regiments.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A secret trial (the 'Newark Experiment' in April 1941) having shown that women were capable of operating heavy searchlight equipment and coping with conditions on the often desolate searchlight sites, members of the ATS began training at <a href="/wiki/Rhyl" title="Rhyl">Rhyl</a> to replace male personnel in searchlight regiments. At first they were employed in searchlight Troop headquarters, but in July 1942 the <a href="/wiki/London_Electrical_Engineers" title="London Electrical Engineers">26th (London Electrical Engineers) Searchlight Regiment, Royal Artillery</a> became the first 'Mixed' regiment, with seven Troops of ATS women posted to it, forming the whole of 301 Battery and half of 339 Battery. In October that year the all-women 301 Battery was transferred to the new <a href="/wiki/93rd_Searchlight_Regiment" title="93rd Searchlight Regiment">93rd (Mixed) Searchlight Regiment</a>, the last searchlight regiment formed during World War II, which by August 1943 comprised about 1500 women out of an establishment of 1674. Many other searchlight and anti-aircraft regiments on Home Defence followed, freeing men aged under 30 of medical category A1 for transfer to the infantry.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, by 1943 the ATS represented 10 per cent of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Corps_of_Signals" title="Royal Corps of Signals">Royal Corps of Signals</a>, having taken over the major part of the signal office and operating duties in the <a href="/wiki/War_Office" title="War Office">War Office</a> and Home Commands, and ATS companies were sent to work on the lines of communications of active overseas theatres.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service,_April_1945_TR2832.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service%2C_April_1945_TR2832.jpg/220px-Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service%2C_April_1945_TR2832.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service%2C_April_1945_TR2832.jpg/330px-Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service%2C_April_1945_TR2832.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service%2C_April_1945_TR2832.jpg/440px-Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_in_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service%2C_April_1945_TR2832.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3508" data-file-height="2578" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Princess Elizabeth</a> in her ATS uniform in front of an Army ambulance.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain,_accompanied_by_his_daughter,_Mary_Churchill,_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain%2C_accompanied_by_his_daughter%2C_Mary_Churchill%2C_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg/220px-Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain%2C_accompanied_by_his_daughter%2C_Mary_Churchill%2C_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain%2C_accompanied_by_his_daughter%2C_Mary_Churchill%2C_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg/330px-Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain%2C_accompanied_by_his_daughter%2C_Mary_Churchill%2C_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain%2C_accompanied_by_his_daughter%2C_Mary_Churchill%2C_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg/440px-Prime_Minister_Winston_Churchill_of_Great_Britain%2C_accompanied_by_his_daughter%2C_Mary_Churchill%2C_leaves_the_%22Little..._-_NARA_-_198765.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2924" data-file-height="2359" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mary_Soames,_Baroness_Soames" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Soames, Baroness Soames">Mary Churchill</a>, in her ATS uniform, accompanying her father Prime Minister Winston Churchill</figcaption></figure> <p>By <a href="/wiki/VE_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="VE Day">VE Day</a> and before <a href="/wiki/Demobilization_of_the_British_Armed_Forces_after_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Demobilization of the British Armed Forces after World War II">demobilization of the British armed forces</a>, there were over 190,000 members of the women's Auxiliary Territorial Service. </p><p>Famous members of the ATS included <a href="/wiki/Mary_Soames,_Baroness_Soames" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Soames, Baroness Soames">Mary Churchill</a>, youngest daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">prime minister</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Princess Elizabeth, later Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a>, eldest daughter of <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">the King</a>, who trained as a lorry driver, ambulance driver and mechanic.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-war">Post-war</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the cessation of hostilities women continued to serve in the ATS, as well as in the WRNS and WAAF. It was succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Royal_Army_Corps" title="Women's Royal Army Corps">Women's Royal Army Corps</a> (WRAC), which formed on 1 February 1949 under Army Order 6. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ranks">Ranks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Initially ranks were completely different from those of the army, but used the same rank insignia, although the crown was replaced by a laurel wreath.<sup id="cite_ref-ranks_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ranks-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members were required to salute their own superior officers, but not other organisations' officers, although it was considered courteous to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-ranks_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ranks-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre,_Camberley,_Surrey,_1941_D5719.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre%2C_Camberley%2C_Surrey%2C_1941_D5719.jpg/220px-At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre%2C_Camberley%2C_Surrey%2C_1941_D5719.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre%2C_Camberley%2C_Surrey%2C_1941_D5719.jpg/330px-At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre%2C_Camberley%2C_Surrey%2C_1941_D5719.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre%2C_Camberley%2C_Surrey%2C_1941_D5719.jpg/440px-At_An_ATS_Motor_Transport_Company_Training_Centre%2C_Camberley%2C_Surrey%2C_1941_D5719.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>ATS trainees have various parts of an engine explained to them by their instructor, 1941</figcaption></figure> <p>On 9 May 1941, the ATS rank structure was reorganised, and as of July 1941 the ATS was given full military status and members were no longer volunteers. The <a href="/wiki/Other_ranks_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Other ranks (UK)">other ranks</a> now held almost identical ranks to army personnel, but officers continued to have a separate rank system, that was somewhat modified. All uniforms and badges of rank remained the same, although crowns replaced laurel wreaths in the rank insignia. Members were now required to salute all superior officers. </p><p>The only holders of the rank of chief controller were the first three directors, promoted to the rank on their appointment, and <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Princess_Royal_and_Countess_of_Harewood" title="Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood">Princess Mary</a>, who held it from 1939 and was appointed the ATS's honorary controller-commandant in August 1941. </p><p>When other ranks were assigned to mixed-sex <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> batteries of <a href="/wiki/Anti-Aircraft_Command" title="Anti-Aircraft Command">Anti-Aircraft Command</a> starting in 1941, they were accorded the Royal Artillery ranks of <a href="/wiki/Gunner_(rank)" title="Gunner (rank)">gunner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lance-bombardier" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance-bombardier">lance-bombardier</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_(rank)" title="Bombardier (rank)">bombardier</a> (instead of private, lance-corporal, and corporal), and wore the RA's braided white <a href="/wiki/Lanyard" title="Lanyard">lanyard</a> on the right shoulder and the 'grenade' collar badge above the left breast pocket of their uniform tunic.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Officers">Officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> <th> </th> <th colspan="10">General officers </th> <th colspan="6">Field officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th> 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blank.svg/50px-Blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blank.svg/75px-Blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blank.svg/100px-Blank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="120" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blank.svg/50px-Blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blank.svg/75px-Blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Blank.svg/100px-Blank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="120" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1928-1953)_OF-6.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg/50px-British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg/75px-British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg/100px-British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-5.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-1b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-1a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2">Chief Controller </td> <td colspan="2">Senior Controller </td> <td colspan="2">Controller </td> <td colspan="2">Chief Commander </td> <td colspan="2">Senior Commander </td> <td colspan="2">Junior Commander </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/First_Lieutenant#United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lieutenant">Subaltern</a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Second_Lieutenant#United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lieutenant">Second Subaltern</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">United Kingdom</a><br />(1928–1953) </th> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-10.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Field Marshal"><img alt="Field Marshal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-10.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-10.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-10.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-9.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="General"><img alt="General" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-9.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-9.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-9.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-8.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant-General"><img alt="Lieutenant-General" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-8.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-8.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-8.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major-General"><img alt="Major-General" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1928-1953)_OF-6.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brigadier"><img alt="Brigadier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg/50px-British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg/75px-British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg/100px-British_Army_%281928-1953%29_OF-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-5.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Colonel"><img alt="Colonel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant-Colonel"><img alt="Lieutenant-Colonel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-3.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major"><img alt="Major" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Captain"><img alt="Captain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-1b.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant"><img alt="Lieutenant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-1a.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Second Lieutenant"><img alt="Second Lieutenant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF-1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF_(D).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Officer Cadet"><img alt="Officer Cadet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF_%28D%29.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF_%28D%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF_%28D%29.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF_%28D%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF_%28D%29.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OF_%28D%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span></b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Field_Marshal_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Marshal (United Kingdom)">Field Marshal</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/General_(United_Kingdom)" title="General (United Kingdom)">General</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-General_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-General (United Kingdom)">Lieutenant-General</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major-General_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major-General (United Kingdom)">Major-General</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Brigadier_(United_Kingdom)" title="Brigadier (United Kingdom)">Brigadier</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Colonel (United Kingdom)">Colonel</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-Colonel_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-Colonel (United Kingdom)">Lieutenant-Colonel</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major_(United_Kingdom)" title="Major (United Kingdom)">Major</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)">Captain</a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)">Lieutenant</a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Second_Lieutenant#United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lieutenant">Second Lieutenant</a> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Officer_Cadet#United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer Cadet">Officer Cadet</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>NATO code</th> <th colspan="2">OF-10</th> <th colspan="2">OF-9</th> <th colspan="2">OF-8</th> <th colspan="2">OF-7</th> <th colspan="2">OF-6</th> <th colspan="2">OF-5</th> <th colspan="2">OF-4</th> <th colspan="2">OF-3</th> <th colspan="2">OF-2</th> <th colspan="6">OF-1 </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_ranks">Other ranks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align:center;"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="22">Senior NCOs </th> <th colspan="6">Junior NCOs </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Auxiliary Territorial Service</a></b><br /><small>(1938–1941)</small><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies/OR/ATS_Pre-1941" title="Template:Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/ATS Pre-1941"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies/OR/ATS_Pre-1941" title="Template talk:Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/ATS Pre-1941"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies/OR/ATS_Pre-1941" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/ATS Pre-1941"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="12"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="8"><b>No insignia</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_(United_Kingdom)#British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant Officer (United Kingdom)">Senior Leader</a> </td> <td colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Section Leader</a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Sub-Leader</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lance_Corporal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance Corporal">Chief Volunteer</a> </td> <td colspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Volunteer</a> <p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Auxiliary Territorial Service</a></b><br /><small>(1941–1949)</small><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies/OR/ATS_Post-1941" title="Template:Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/ATS Post-1941"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies/OR/ATS_Post-1941" title="Template talk:Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/ATS Post-1941"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO_armies/OR/ATS_Post-1941" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/ATS Post-1941"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="6"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="12"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="8"><b>No insignia</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_(United_Kingdom)#British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant Officer (United Kingdom)">Warrant Officer Class I</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_(United_Kingdom)#British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant Officer (United Kingdom)">Warrant Officer Class II</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a> </td> <td colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_(rank)" title="Bombardier (rank)">Bombardier</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lance_Corporal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance Corporal">Lance Corporal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lance_Bombardier" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance Bombardier">Lance Bombardier</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td colspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gunner_(rank)" title="Gunner (rank)">Gunner</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th rowspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">United Kingdom</a><br />(1920 – 1953) </th> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-9b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9b.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9b.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9b.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-9a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9a.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9a.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9a.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-9a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-8.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-8.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-8.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-8.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-7.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-7.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-7.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-7.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-6.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-6.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-6.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-6.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="204" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-4.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-4.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-4.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"><i><b>No equivalent</b></i> </td> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-3.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-3.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-3.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OR-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-2.svg/50px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-2.svg/75px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-2.svg/100px-British_Army_%281920-1953%29_OR-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="8"><b>No insignia</b><hr /> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_(United_Kingdom)#British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant Officer (United Kingdom)">Warrant Officer Class I</a> </td> <td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_(United_Kingdom)#British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant Officer (United Kingdom)">Warrant Officer Class II</a> </td> <td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_(United_Kingdom)#British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant Officer (United Kingdom)">Warrant Officer Class III</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff</a>/<a href="/wiki/Colour_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Colour Sergeant">Colour Sergeant</a> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lance_Corporal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance Corporal">Lance Corporal</a> </td> <td colspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a><br />(or equivalent) </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> <th><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_NATO" title="Ranks and insignia of NATO">NATO code</a></th> <th colspan="6">OR-9</th> <th colspan="2">OR-8</th> <th colspan="2">OR-7</th> <th colspan="6">OR-6</th> <th colspan="6">OR-5</th> <th colspan="4">OR-4</th> <th colspan="2">OR-3</th> <th colspan="6">OR-2</th> <th colspan="2">OR-1 </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Directors_ATS">List of Directors ATS</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: List of Directors ATS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg/220px-ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg/330px-ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg/440px-ATS_%27Ack-Ack_Girls%27_memorial_at_the_National_Memorial_Arboretum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1434" data-file-height="1695" /></a><figcaption>ATS 'Ack-Ack Girls' memorial at the <a href="/wiki/National_Memorial_Arboretum" title="National Memorial Arboretum">National Memorial Arboretum</a>. The badges depicted are those of the ATS, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-Aircraft_Command" title="Anti-Aircraft Command">Anti-Aircraft Command</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Gwynne-Vaughan" title="Helen Gwynne-Vaughan">Chief Controller Dame Helen Gwynne-Vaughan</a>, July 1939 – July 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Knox" title="Jean Knox">Chief Controller Jean Knox</a>, July 1941 – October 1943</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Whateley" title="Leslie Whateley">Chief Controller Dame Leslie Whateley</a>, October 1943 – April 1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyrwhitt" title="Mary Tyrwhitt">Senior Controller Dame Mary Tyrwhitt</a>, April 1946 – January 1949</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_ATS_personnel">Notable ATS personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable ATS personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_soldiers" title="Category:Auxiliary Territorial Service soldiers">Category:Auxiliary Territorial Service soldiers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_officers" title="Category:Auxiliary Territorial Service officers">Category:Auxiliary Territorial Service officers</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre,_April_1945_H41676.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre%2C_April_1945_H41676.jpg/220px-Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre%2C_April_1945_H41676.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre%2C_April_1945_H41676.jpg/330px-Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre%2C_April_1945_H41676.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre%2C_April_1945_H41676.jpg/440px-Hrh_Princess_Elizabeth_Undergoing_Instruction_at_the_Auxiliary_Territorial_Service_Training_Centre%2C_April_1945_H41676.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="794" /></a><figcaption>Princess Elizabeth (centre) with officers of the ATS Training Centre</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg/220px-1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg/330px-1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg/440px-1940_POSTER_ADVOCATING_ENLISTMENT_IN_THE_ARMY._%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94-40_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D.D247-031.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1976" data-file-height="3054" /></a><figcaption>ATS recruitment poster from <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a>, in English and Hebrew</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Phelps_Allan" title="Julian Phelps Allan">Julian Phelps Allan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Harvie_Anderson,_Baroness_Skrimshire_of_Quarter" class="mw-redirect" title="Betty Harvie Anderson, Baroness Skrimshire of Quarter">Betty Harvie Anderson, Baroness Skrimshire of Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Barnett_(WRAF_officer)" title="Henrietta Barnett (WRAF officer)">Henrietta Barnett</a>, later Director of the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Royal_Air_Force" title="Women's Royal Air Force">WRAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Bathurst,_Lady_Apsley" title="Violet Bathurst, Lady Apsley">Violet Bathurst, Lady Apsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Bernard" title="Joan Bernard">Joan Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridget_Boland" title="Bridget Boland">Bridget Boland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Cattouse" title="Nadia Cattouse">Nadia Cattouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Soames" title="Mary Soames">Mary Spencer-Churchill</a> (later Baroness Soames)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Colvin" title="Mary Colvin">Mary Colvinl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ena_Collymore-Woodstock" title="Ena Collymore-Woodstock">Ena Collymore-Woodstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primrose_Cumming" title="Primrose Cumming">Primrose Cumming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Princess Elizabeth</a> (later Queen Elizabeth II)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fairchild" title="Margaret Fairchild">Margaret Fairchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Frankau" title="Pamela Frankau">Pamela Frankau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Fraser-Tytler" title="Christian Fraser-Tytler">Christian Fraser-Tytler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gell_(RAF_officer)" title="William Gell (RAF officer)">Edith Gell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Gay_Gibson" title="Murder of Gay Gibson">Gay Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Goulding" title="Valerie Goulding">Valerie Goulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Hibbert" title="Susan Hibbert">Susan Hibbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Kirkby" title="Elisabeth Kirkby">Elisabeth Kirkby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esme_Langley" title="Esme Langley">Esme Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_Marshall" title="Margot Marshall">Margot Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_McCullough_Thew" title="Linda McCullough Thew">Linda McCullough Thew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridget_Monckton,_11th_Lady_Ruthven_of_Freeland" title="Bridget Monckton, 11th Lady Ruthven of Freeland">Bridget Monckton, 11th Lady Ruthven of Freeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_Moray" title="Stella Moray">Stella Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisie_Mosco" title="Maisie Mosco">Maisie Mosco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Moyle" title="Jennifer Moyle">Jennifer Moyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Nolan" title="Eileen Nolan">Eileen Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Pirie" title="Julia Pirie">Julia Pirie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Rivers-Bulkeley" title="Elisabeth Rivers-Bulkeley">Elisabeth Rivers-Bulkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Rudelatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Yvonne Rudelatt">Yvonne Rudelatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_Schmolle" title="Stella Schmolle">Stella Schmolle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Salmon" title="Nancy Salmon">Nancy Salmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Webb_(code_breaker)" title="Betty Webb (code breaker)">Betty Webb (code breaker)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Whateley" title="Leslie Whateley">Leslie Whateley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estelle_White" title="Estelle White">Estelle White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_Whitelaw,_Viscountess_Whitelaw" title="Celia Whitelaw, Viscountess Whitelaw">Celia Whitelaw, Viscountess Whitelaw</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Transport_Auxiliary" title="Air Transport Auxiliary">Air Transport Auxiliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Training_Corps_for_Girls" title="National Association of Training Corps for Girls">National Association of Training Corps for Girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Auxiliary_Air_Force" title="Women's Auxiliary Air Force">Women's Auxiliary Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Royal_Naval_Service" title="Women's Royal Naval Service">Women's Royal Naval Service</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">used when assigned to AAC batteries<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">used when assigned to AAC batteries<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">used when assigned to AAC batteries<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1938-1940</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margaret Dady, <i>Women's War: Life in the Auxiliary Territorial Service</i> (1986)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margaret Lang, Senior Commander K.T Staff, School of A. A. Artillery, Manorbier in <i>The Kine Gazette</i>, December 1945. Printed by E.H. Leach, South Parade, Tenby</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ww2today.com/27th-december-1942-the-life-of-an-ats-ack-ack-girl">"The life of an ATS Ack-Ack girl"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+life+of+an+ATS+Ack-Ack+girl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww2today.com%2F27th-december-1942-the-life-of-an-ats-ack-ack-girl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atsremembered.org.uk/gunners.htm">"Personal statements from ATS gunners"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Personal+statements+from+ATS+gunners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atsremembered.org.uk%2Fgunners.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dady, <i>Women's War: Life in the Auxiliary Territorial Service</i> (1986)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131227213716/http://archive.iwm.org.uk/upload/pdf/Info42.pdf">"The Auxiliary Territorial Service in the Second World War"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Imperial War Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.iwm.org.uk/upload/pdf/Info42.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Auxiliary+Territorial+Service+in+the+Second+World+War&rft.pub=The+Imperial+War+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.iwm.org.uk%2Fupload%2Fpdf%2FInfo42.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brig N.W. Routledge, <i>History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Anti-Aircraft Artillery 1914–55</i>, London: Royal Artillery Institution/Brassey's, 1994, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85753-099-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-85753-099-3">1-85753-099-3</a>, pp. 399–401.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keith Brigstock 'Royal Artillery Searchlights', presentation to Royal Artillery Historical Society at Larkhill, 17 January 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Norman E. H. Litchfield, <i>The Territorial Artillery 1908–1988 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)</i>, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1992, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9508205-2-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-9508205-2-0">0-9508205-2-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllis1968" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Ellis" title="Lionel Ellis">Ellis, Major L. F.</a> (1968), <i>Victory in the West", Vol II: "The Defeat of Germany"</i>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Second_World_War" title="History of the Second World War">History of the Second World War</a>, United Kingdom Military Series (Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004 ed.), London: HM Stationery Office, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-845740-59-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-845740-59-9"><bdi>1-845740-59-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Victory+in+the+West%22%2C+Vol+II%3A+%22The+Defeat+of+Germany%22&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Second+World+War%2C+United+Kingdom+Military+Series&rft.edition=Uckfield%3A+Naval+%26+Military%2C+2004&rft.pub=HM+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=1-845740-59-9&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=Major+L.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span>, Appendix IV.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maj-Gen R. F. H. Nalder, <i>The Royal Corps of Signals: A History of its Antecedents and Developments (Circa 1800–1955)</i>, London: Royal Signals Institution, 1958, p. 352.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWrigley,_Chris.2002" class="citation book cs1">Wrigley, Chris. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HBUslUOGOgkC&pg=PA124"><i>Winston Churchill: A biographical companion</i></a>. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87436-990-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87436-990-8"><bdi>978-0-87436-990-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Winston+Churchill%3A+A+biographical+companion&rft.place=Santa+Barbara&rft.pages=124&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-87436-990-8&rft.au=Wrigley%2C+Chris.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHBUslUOGOgkC%26pg%3DPA124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royal.gov.uk/HMTheQueen/Publiclife/EarlyPublicLife/Earlypubliclife.aspx">"Her Majesty the Queen – Early Public Life"</a>. Official website of the British Monarchy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090216023059/http://www.royal.gov.uk/HMTheQueen/Publiclife/EarlyPublicLife/Earlypubliclife.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Her+Majesty+the+Queen+%E2%80%93+Early+Public+Life&rft.pub=Official+website+of+the+British+Monarchy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royal.gov.uk%2FHMTheQueen%2FPubliclife%2FEarlyPublicLife%2FEarlypubliclife.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarr2020" class="citation news cs1">Barr, Sabrina (22 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/queen-birthday-second-world-war-mechanic-driver-princess-ats-a9473351.html">"Our Queen at War: Princess Elizabeth's role in the British armed forces during the Second World War"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Our+Queen+at+War%3A+Princess+Elizabeth%27s+role+in+the+British+armed+forces+during+the+Second+World+War&rft.date=2020-04-22&rft.aulast=Barr&rft.aufirst=Sabrina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Froyal-family%2Fqueen-birthday-second-world-war-mechanic-driver-princess-ats-a9473351.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ranks-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ranks_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ranks_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Badges of Rank in the ATS", <i>The Times</i>, 30 September 1939</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Col J.D. Sainsbury, <i>The Hertfordshire Yeomanry Regiments, Royal Artillery, Part 2: The Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment 1938–1945 and the Searchlight Battery 1937–1945; Part 3: The Post-war Units 1947–2002</i>, Welwyn: Hertfordshire Yeomanry and Artillery Trust/Hart Books, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-948527-06-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-948527-06-4">0-948527-06-4</a>, Plate 9, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalbot-Booth1943" class="citation book cs1">Talbot-Booth, E. C., ed. (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maritimequest.com/library/rank_and_badges_1943.pdf"><i>Rank and Badges in the Navy, Army, RAF, and Auxiliaries</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London: George Philip and Son Ltd. p. 31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rank+and+Badges+in+the+Navy%2C+Army%2C+RAF%2C+and+Auxiliaries&rft.place=London&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=George+Philip+and+Son+Ltd.&rft.date=1943&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maritimequest.com%2Flibrary%2Frank_and_badges_1943.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuxiliary+Territorial+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bidwell Shelford. <i>Women's Royal Army Corps</i> (1997) 141pp</li> <li>Bigland, Eileen. <i>Britain's other army: The story of the A.T.S</i> (1946), an official history</li> <li>Cowper, J. M. <i>The Auxiliary Territorial Service</i> (1949), an official history</li> <li>Crang, Jeremy A. "The revival of the British women's auxiliary services in the late nineteen-thirties," <i>Historical Research</i> (May 2010) Volume 83, Issue 220, pages 343–357, online at EBSCO</li> <li>Crang, Jeremy A. "'Come into the Army, Maud': Women, Military Conscription, and the Markham Inquiry," <i>Defence Studies,</i> Nov 2008, Vol. 8 Issue 3, pp 381–395, online at EBSCO</li> <li>Dady, Margaret. <i>Women's War: Life in the Auxiliary Territorial Service</i> (1986)</li> <li>De Groot, Gerard J. "'I love the scent of cordite in your hair': Gender dynamics in mixed anti-craft batteries" <i>History,</i> Jan 1997, Vol. 82 Issue 265, pp 73–92</li> <li>Kerr, Dorothy Brewer. <i>Girls Behind the Guns: With the Auxiliary Territorial Service in World War II</i> (1990)</li> <li>Noakes, Lucy. <i>Women in the British Army: War and the Gentle Sex, 1907–48</i> (2006), pp 61–81 on ATS of war years</li> <li>Robinson, Vee. <i>Sisters in Arms</i> (1996) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0004720849" title="Special:BookSources/0004720849">0004720849</a> A personal memoir by an ATS anti-aircraft gun crew member.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Territorial_Service&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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class="external text" href="http://www.atsremembered.org.uk/">ATS Remembered</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Army_Board" title="Army Board">Army Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(United_Kingdom)" title="Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)">Chief of the General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(United_Kingdom)" title="Deputy Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)">Deputy Chief of the General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Sergeant_Major" title="Army Sergeant Major">Army Sergeant Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_serving_generals_and_brigadiers_of_the_British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="List of serving generals and brigadiers of the British Army">Current serving senior officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_Soldier_(British_Army)" title="Future Soldier (British Army)">Future Soldier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_British_Army" title="Structure of the British Army">Structure of the British Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_order_of_precedence" title="British Army order of precedence">Order of precedence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_war_crimes" title="British war crimes">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="United Kingdom and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons_and_the_United_Kingdom" title="Chemical weapons and the United Kingdom">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom">Nuclear</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_Army_installations" title="List of British Army installations">Installations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_equipment_of_the_British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern equipment of the British Army">Equipment</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_military_rifles" title="British military rifles">Rifles</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recruitment_in_the_British_Army" title="Recruitment in the British Army">Recruitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selection_and_Training_in_the_British_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Selection and Training in the British Army">Training</a></li> <li>Ranks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_officer_rank_insignia" title="British Army officer rank insignia">officer rank insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Other_ranks_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Other ranks (UK)">other ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army_other_ranks_rank_insignia" title="British Army other ranks rank insignia">other ranks rank insignia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_British_Army" title="Uniforms of the British Army">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Army_Museum" title="National Army Museum">National Army Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Army" title="History of the British Army">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_British_Army" title="Timeline of the British Army">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Reserve_(United_Kingdom)" title="Army Reserve (United Kingdom)">Army Reserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regiments<br />and Corps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Household_Cavalry" title="Household Cavalry">Household Cavalry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Life_Guards_(United_Kingdom)" title="Life Guards (United Kingdom)">Life Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues_and_Royals" title="Blues and Royals">Blues and Royals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_Cavalry_Regiment" title="Household Cavalry Regiment">Household Cavalry Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_Cavalry_Mounted_Regiment" title="Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment">Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Armoured_Corps" title="Royal Armoured Corps">Royal<br />Armoured Corps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_The_Queen%27s_Dragoon_Guards" title="1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards">1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Scots_Dragoon_Guards" title="Royal Scots Dragoon Guards">Royal Scots Dragoon Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Dragoon_Guards" title="Royal Dragoon Guards">Royal Dragoon Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Royal_Hussars" title="Queen's Royal Hussars">Queen's Royal Hussars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Lancers" title="Royal Lancers">Royal Lancers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Royal_Hussars" title="King's Royal Hussars">King's Royal Hussars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Dragoons" title="Light Dragoons">Light Dragoons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Tank_Regiment" title="Royal Tank Regiment">Royal Tank Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yeomanry" title="Royal Yeomanry">Royal Yeomanry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Wessex_Yeomanry" title="Royal Wessex Yeomanry">Royal Wessex Yeomanry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Own_Yeomanry" title="Queen's Own Yeomanry">Queen's Own Yeomanry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_and_North_Irish_Yeomanry" title="Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry">Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Infantry_of_the_British_Army" title="Infantry of the British Army">Infantry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foot_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="Foot Guards">Foot Guards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grenadier_Guards" title="Grenadier Guards">Grenadier Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coldstream_Guards" title="Coldstream Guards">Coldstream Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scots_Guards" title="Scots Guards">Scots Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Guards" title="Irish Guards">Irish Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Guards" title="Welsh Guards">Welsh Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Guards" title="London Guards">London Guards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Line<br />Infantry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Regiment_of_Scotland" title="Royal Regiment of Scotland">Royal Regiment of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Wales%27s_Royal_Regiment" title="Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment">Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Lancaster%27s_Regiment" title="Duke of Lancaster's Regiment">Duke of Lancaster's Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Regiment_of_Fusiliers" title="Royal Regiment of Fusiliers">Royal Regiment of Fusiliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Anglian_Regiment" title="Royal Anglian Regiment">Royal Anglian Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yorkshire_Regiment" title="Royal Yorkshire Regiment">Royal Yorkshire Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercian_Regiment" title="Mercian Regiment">Mercian Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Welsh" title="Royal Welsh">Royal Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Irish_Regiment_(1992)" title="Royal Irish Regiment (1992)">Royal Irish Regiment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rifles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gurkha_Rifles" title="Royal Gurkha Rifles">Royal Gurkha Rifles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rifles" title="The Rifles">The Rifles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airborne</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parachute_Regiment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)">Parachute Regiment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overseas<br />regiments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Regiment" title="Royal Gibraltar Regiment">Royal Gibraltar Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bermuda_Regiment" title="Royal Bermuda Regiment">Royal Bermuda Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Montserrat_Defence_Force" title="Royal Montserrat Defence Force">Royal Montserrat Defence Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Regiment" title="Cayman Islands Regiment">Cayman Islands Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands_Regiment" title="Turks and Caicos Islands Regiment">Turks and Caicos Islands Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_Defence_Force" title="Falkland Islands Defence Force">Falkland Islands Defence Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Combat Arms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Reconnaissance_Regiment" title="Special Reconnaissance Regiment">Special Reconnaissance Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_Regiment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ranger Regiment (United Kingdom)">Ranger Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="Army Air Corps (United Kingdom)">Army Air Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combat Support Arms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Engineers" title="Royal Engineers">Royal Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Corps_of_Signals" title="Royal Corps of Signals">Royal Corps of Signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="Intelligence Corps (United Kingdom)">Intelligence Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honourable_Artillery_Company" title="Honourable Artillery Company">Honourable Artillery Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combat Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Army_Chaplains%27_Department" title="Royal Army Chaplains' Department">Royal Army Chaplains' Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Logistic_Corps" title="Royal Logistic Corps">Royal Logistic Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Electrical_and_Mechanical_Engineers" title="Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers">Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Arms_School_Corps" title="Small Arms School Corps">Small Arms School Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Army_Physical_Training_Corps" title="Royal Army Physical Training Corps">Royal Army Physical Training Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Service_Corps" title="General Service Corps">General Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Corps_of_Army_Music" title="Royal Corps of Army Music">Royal Corps of Army Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Army_Medical_Service" title="Royal Army Medical Service">Royal Army Medical Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Adjutant_General&#039;s_Corps" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adjutant_General%27s_Corps" title="Adjutant General's Corps">Adjutant General's Corps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Staff_and_Personnel_Support" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff and Personnel Support">Staff and Personnel Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_and_Training_Services_Branch" title="Educational and Training Services Branch">Educational and Training Services Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Legal_Services_Branch" title="Army Legal Services Branch">Army Legal Services Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Police" title="Royal Military Police">Royal Military Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Provost_Staff" title="Military Provost Staff">Military Provost Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Provost_Guard_Service" title="Military Provost Guard Service">Military Provost Guard Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" 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Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121619396">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133837649">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/681001/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n92090745">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Velká Británie. 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