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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Heads of House of Pahlavi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heads_of_House_of_Pahlavi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consorts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consorts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Consorts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consorts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heirs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heirs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Heirs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Heirs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Heirs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Heirs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Line_of_succession_in_February_1979" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Line_of_succession_in_February_1979"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Line of succession in February 1979</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Line_of_succession_in_February_1979-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_Line_of_Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_Line_of_Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Current Line of Succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_Line_of_Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_crown_princes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_crown_princes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>List of crown princes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_crown_princes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Royal_jewels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royal_jewels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Royal jewels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royal_jewels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monuments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monuments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Monuments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monuments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Use of titles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pahlavi dynasty</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi-dinastie" title="Pahlavi-dinastie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pahlavi-dinastie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_(Dynastie)" title="Pahlavi (Dynastie) – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pahlavi (Dynastie)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%87%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A" title="قصر بهلوي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قصر بهلوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Pahlav%C3%AD" title="Dinastía Pahlaví – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dinastía Pahlaví" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%99hl%C9%99vil%C9%99r" title="Pəhləvilər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pəhləvilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%87%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پهلوی خاندانی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پهلوی خاندانی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="পাহলভি রাজবংশ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাহলভি রাজবংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Династия Пахлави – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Династия Пахлави" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlevi" title="Pahlevi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pahlevi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiyang_Pahlavi" title="Dinastiyang Pahlavi – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dinastiyang Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_Pahlav%C3%AD" title="Dynastie Pahlaví – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dynastie Pahlaví" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_(Dynastie)" title="Pahlavi (Dynastie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pahlavi (Dynastie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%87%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AF" title="Δυναστεία των Παχλαβί – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δυναστεία των Παχλαβί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Pahlav%C3%AD" title="Dinastía Pahlaví – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía Pahlaví" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastio_Pahlavi" title="Dinastio Pahlavi – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dinastio Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_dinastia" title="Pahlavi dinastia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pahlavi dinastia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%87%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C" title="دودمان پهلوی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دودمان پهلوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_Pahlavi" title="Dynastie Pahlavi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynastie Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Pahlavi" title="Dinastía Pahlavi – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84_%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0" title="팔라비 왕조 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팔라비 왕조" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Փահլավիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փահլավիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="पहलवी वंश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पहलवी वंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_(dinastija)" title="Pahlavi (dinastija) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pahlavi (dinastija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Pahlavi" title="Dinasti Pahlavi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Pahlavi" title="Dinastia Pahlavi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dinastia Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%A4%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99" title="שושלת פהלווי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שושלת פהלווי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ფეჰლევიანები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფეჰლევიანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanedana_Pehlewiyan" title="Xanedana Pehlewiyan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xanedana Pehlewiyan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pehlev%C4%AB_dinastija" title="Pehlevī dinastija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pehlevī dinastija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ფეჰლევიანეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფეჰლევიანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%87%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="پهلویون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پهلویون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wangsa_Pahlavi" title="Wangsa Pahlavi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wangsa Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavidynastie" title="Pahlavidynastie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pahlavidynastie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E6%9C%9D" title="パフラヴィー朝 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パフラヴィー朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi-dynastiet" title="Pahlavi-dynastiet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pahlavi-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlaviylar" title="Pahlaviylar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pahlaviylar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC" title="ਪਹਿਲਵੀ ਵੰਸ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਹਿਲਵੀ ਵੰਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%81%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پہلوی خاندان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پہلوی خاندان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastia_Pahlawich" title="Dynastia Pahlawich – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dynastia Pahlawich" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Pahlavi" title="Dinastia Pahlavi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dinastia Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Pahlavi" title="Dinastia Pahlavi – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dinastia Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Пехлеви – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пехлеви" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Pahlavi dynasty" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pahlavi dynasty" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%95%DA%BE%D9%84%DB%95%D9%88%DB%8C" title="شانشینی پەھلەوی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شانشینی پەھلەوی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Пахлави – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пахлави" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_(dinastija)" title="Pahlavi (dinastija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pahlavi (dinastija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavin_dynastia" title="Pahlavin dynastia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pahlavin dynastia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavidynastin" title="Pahlavidynastin – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pahlavidynastin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பகலவி வம்சம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பகலவி வம்சம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5" title="ราชวงศ์ปาห์ลาวี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชวงศ์ปาห์ลาวี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Дудмони Паҳлавӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дудмони Паҳлавӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pehlev%C3%AE_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Pehlevî Hanedanı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pehlevî Hanedanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Пахлаві – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пахлаві" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%81%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پہلوی خاندان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پہلوی خاندان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%E1%BB%81u_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_Pahlavi" title="Triều đại Pahlavi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Triều đại Pahlavi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%97%E7%B6%AD%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="巴列維王朝 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="巴列維王朝" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%97%E7%BB%B4%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="巴列维王朝 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴列维王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Iranian royal dynasty. For the country under its rule, see <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Iran" title="Pahlavi Iran">Pahlavi Iran</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Pahlavi</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Royal_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal house">Royal house</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg/200px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg/300px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg/400px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="490" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Arms_of_dominion" title="Arms of dominion">Arms of dominion</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shahs</a>, and therefore <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Iran" title="Pahlavi Iran">Pahlavi Iran</a> from 1932. The emblem of the dynasty is the mountain and sun in the blue circle in the middle.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Iran" title="Pahlavi Iran">Imperial State of Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mazandaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazandaran">Mazandaran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">15 December 1925<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1925-12-15</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Shah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current head</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Reza Pahlavi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final ruler</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Connected families</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_dynasty" title="Muhammad Ali dynasty">Muhammad Ali dynasty</a> (1941–1948)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">مرا داد فرمود و خود داور است</span></span><br /><span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">Marā dād farmud o Khod dāvar ast</i></span><br />(He (Allah or God) named me justice and he himself is the judge)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deposition</th><td class="infobox-data">11 February 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1979-02-11</span>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">Iranian revolution</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Pahlavi dynasty</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">دودمان پهلوی</span>) was the last <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Iran" title="Pahlavi Iran">Iranian</a> <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">royal dynasty</a> that ruled for roughly 53 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by <a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Shah Pahlavi</a>, a non-aristocratic <a href="/wiki/Mazanderani_people" title="Mazanderani people">Mazanderani</a> soldier<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in modern times, who took on the name of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Persian" title="Middle Persian">Pahlavi language</a> spoken in the pre-Islamic <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a> to strengthen his nationalist credentials.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dynasty replaced the <a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Qajar dynasty</a> in 1925 after the <a href="/wiki/1921_Persian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1921 Persian coup d'état">1921 coup d'état</a>, beginning on 14 January 1921 when 42-year-old soldier <a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Khan</a> was promoted by British General <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ironside,_1st_Baron_Ironside" title="Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside">Edmund Ironside</a> to lead the British-run <a href="/wiki/Persian_Cossack_Brigade" title="Persian Cossack Brigade">Persian Cossack Brigade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GhaniGhanī2001_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GhaniGhanī2001-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About a month later, under British direction, Reza Khan's 3,000–4,000 strong detachment of the Cossack Brigade reached Tehran in what became known as the <a href="/wiki/1921_Persian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1921 Persian coup d'état">1921 Persian coup d'état</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zirinsky_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zirinsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rest of the country was taken by 1923, and by October 1925 the <a href="/wiki/Majlis" title="Majlis">Majlis</a> agreed to depose and formally exile <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Qajar" title="Ahmad Shah Qajar">Ahmad Shah Qajar</a>. The Majlis declared Reza Pahlavi as the new Shah of Iran on 12 December 1925, pursuant to the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Constitution_of_1906" title="Persian Constitution of 1906">Persian Constitution of 1906</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, Pahlavi had planned to declare the country a republic, as his contemporary <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Atatürk</a> had done in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, but abandoned the idea in the face of British and clerical opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dynasty ruled Iran for 28 years as a form of <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a> from 1925 until 1953, and following <a href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">the overthrow of the elected prime minister</a>, for a further 26 years as a more autocratic monarchy until the dynasty was <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">itself overthrown in 1979</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_background">Family background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_family_tree" title="Pahlavi family tree">Pahlavi family tree</a></div> <p>In 1878, Reza Khan was born at the village of <a href="/wiki/Alasht" title="Alasht">Alasht</a> in <a href="/wiki/Savadkuh_County" title="Savadkuh County">Savadkuh County</a>, Mazandaran Province. His parents were Abbas Ali Khan and Noushafarin Ayromlou.<sup id="cite_ref-Afkhami2008_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afkhami2008-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zirinsky_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zirinsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother was a Muslim immigrant from <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> (then part of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose family had emigrated to mainland <a href="/wiki/Qajar_Iran" title="Qajar Iran">Qajar Iran</a> after Iran was forced to cede all of its territories in the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_Wars" title="Russo-Persian Wars">Russo-Persian Wars</a> several decades prior to Reza Shah's birth.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was a Mazandarani, commissioned in the 7th <a href="/wiki/Savadkuh_County" title="Savadkuh County">Savadkuh</a> Regiment, and served in the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_War" title="Anglo-Persian War">Anglo-Persian War</a> in 1856. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heads_of_House_of_Pahlavi">Heads of House of Pahlavi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Heads of House of Pahlavi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Name</th> <th>Portrait</th> <th>Family relations</th> <th>Lifespan</th> <th>Entered office</th> <th>Left office </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7" align="center"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Persia" title="List of monarchs of Persia">Shahs of Iran</a></i> </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Shah Pahlavi</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reza Shah"><img alt="Reza Shah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg/80px-Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg/120px-Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg/160px-Reza_Shah_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="384" /></a></span></td> <td>Son of Abbas Ali</td> <td>1878–1944</td> <td>15 December 1925</td> <td>16 September 1941<br />(<i><a href="/wiki/Abdication" title="Abdication">Abdication</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mohammad Reza Shah"><img alt="Mohammad Reza Shah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg/80px-Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg/120px-Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg/160px-Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="518" /></a></span></td> <td>Son of Reza Shah</td> <td>1919–1980</td> <td>16 September 1941</td> <td>27 July 1980<br />(<i>Death</i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Reza Pahlavi II">Reza Pahlavi</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reza Pahlavi II"><img alt="Reza Pahlavi II" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/80px-Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/120px-Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/160px-Reza_Pahlavi_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="721" /></a></span></td> <td>Son of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</td> <td>1960–current</td> <td>27 July 1980</td> <td><i>Incumbent</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consorts">Consorts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Consorts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Picture </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Father </th> <th>Birth </th> <th>Marriage </th> <th>Became Consort </th> <th>Ceased to be Consort </th> <th>Death </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Persia" title="List of monarchs of Persia">Spouse</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg/80px-Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg/120px-Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg/160px-Taj_ol-Molouk_-_queen_of_Persia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="2763" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tadj_ol-Molouk" title="Tadj ol-Molouk">Tadj ol-Molouk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teym%C5%ABr_Khan_Ayromlou" title="Teymūr Khan Ayromlou">Teymūr Khan Ayromlou</a> </td> <td>1896 </td> <td>1916 </td> <td rowspan="2">15 December 1925 </td> <td rowspan="2">16 September 1941<br /><i>husband's abdication</i> </td> <td>1982 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Shah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg/80px-Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg/120px-Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg/160px-Esmat_Dowlatshahi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="209" data-file-height="321" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Esmat_Dowlatshahi" title="Esmat Dowlatshahi">Esmat Dowlatshahi</a> </td> <td>Gholam Ali Mirza Dowlatshahi </td> <td>1905 </td> <td>1923 </td> <td>1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg/80px-Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg/120px-Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg/160px-Princess_Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt_by_Armand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="614" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fawzia_Fuad_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Fawzia Fuad of Egypt">Princess Fawzia of Egypt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fuad_I_of_Egypt" title="Fuad I of Egypt">Fuad I of Egypt</a> </td> <td>1921 </td> <td>1939 </td> <td>16 September 1941 </td> <td>17 November 1948<br /><i>divorced</i> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Reza Shah">Mohammad Reza Shah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg/80px-Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg/120px-Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg/160px-Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="975" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soraya_Esfandiary-Bakhtiary" title="Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary">Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Khalil_Esfandiary-Bakhtiary" title="Khalil Esfandiary-Bakhtiary">Khalil Esfandiary-Bakhtiary</a> </td> <td>1932 </td> <td colspan="2">12 February 1951 </td> <td>15 March 1958<br /><i>divorced</i> </td> <td>2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg/80px-Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg/120px-Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg/160px-Shahbanu_of_Iran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5773" data-file-height="7290" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Farah_Diba" class="mw-redirect" title="Farah Diba">Farah Diba</a> </td> <td>Sohrab Diba </td> <td>1938 </td> <td colspan="2">21 December 1959 </td> <td>11 February 1979<br /><i>husband's deposition</i> </td> <td><i>Alive</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heirs">Heirs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Heirs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg/220px-Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg/330px-Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg/440px-Prince_Alireza_Pahlavi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="673" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ali_Reza_Pahlavi_(born_1922)" title="Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1922)">Prince Ali-Reza Pahlavi</a>, the heir presumptive until his death in 1954</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Persian_Constitution_of_1906" title="Persian Constitution of 1906">former constitution of Iran</a> specifically provided that only a male who was not descended from <a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Qajar dynasty</a> could become the <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dareini_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dareini-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This made all half-brothers of <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza</a> ineligible to become heirs to the throne.<sup id="cite_ref-Dareini_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dareini-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until his death in 1954, the Shah's only full brother <a href="/wiki/Ali_Reza_Pahlavi_(born_1922)" title="Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1922)">Ali Reza</a> was his <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">heir presumptive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dareini_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dareini-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The constitution also required the Shah to be of <a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian</a> descent, meaning that his father and mother are Iranian.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Line_of_succession_in_February_1979">Line of succession in February 1979</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Line of succession in February 1979"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Reza Shah Pahlavi">Reza Shah Pahlavi</a> (1878–1944)</i> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_gold_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/15px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/23px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/30px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Shah_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi</a></b> (1919–1980) <ul><li><b>(1)</b> <a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi</a> (b. 1960)</li> <li><b>(2)</b> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Reza_Pahlavi_(born_1966)" title="Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1966)">Prince Ali-Reza Pahlavi</a> (1966)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ali_Reza_Pahlavi_(born_1922)" title="Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1922)">Prince Ali-Reza Pahlavi</a> (1922–1954)</i> <ul><li><b>(3)</b> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Ali_Pahlavi" title="Patrick Ali Pahlavi">Prince Patrick Ali Pahlavi</a> (b. 1947) <ul><li><b>(4)</b> Prince Davoud Pahlavi (b. 1972)</li> <li><b>(5)</b> Prince Houd Pahlavi (b. 1973)</li> <li><b>(6)</b> Prince Mohammad Pahlavi (b. 1976)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_Line_of_Succession">Current Line of Succession</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Current Line of Succession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Reza Shah Pahlavi">Reza Shah Pahlavi</a> (1878–1944)</i> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_gold_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/15px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/23px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/30px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Shah_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi</a></b> (1919–1980) <ul><li><b>(1)</b> <a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi</a> (b. 1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ali_Reza_Pahlavi_(born_1966)" title="Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1966)">Prince Ali-Reza Pahlavi</a> (1966–2011)</i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ali_Reza_Pahlavi_(born_1922)" title="Ali Reza Pahlavi (born 1922)">Prince Ali-Reza Pahlavi</a> (1922–1954)</i> <ul><li><b>(2)</b> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Ali_Pahlavi" title="Patrick Ali Pahlavi">Prince Patrick Ali Pahlavi</a> (b. 1947) <ul><li><b>(3)</b> Prince Davoud Pahlavi (b. 1972)</li> <li><b>(4)</b> Prince Houd Pahlavi (b. 1973) <ul><li><b>(5)</b> Prince Rafaël Pahlavi (b. 2006)</li></ul></li> <li><b>(6)</b> Prince Mohammad Pahlavi (b. 1976)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_crown_princes">List of crown princes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: List of crown princes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Name</th> <th>Portrait</th> <th>Relationship to monarch</th> <th>Became heir</th> <th>Ceased to be heir; reason </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6"><i>Office vacant from 15 December 1925 to 24 April 1926</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pahlavi_engagement.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mohammad Reza Shah"><img alt="Mohammad Reza Shah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Pahlavi_engagement.jpg/80px-Pahlavi_engagement.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Pahlavi_engagement.jpg/120px-Pahlavi_engagement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Pahlavi_engagement.jpg/160px-Pahlavi_engagement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span></td> <td>Eldest son</td> <td>25 April 1926<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>16 September 1941<br /> <p>(<i>Became king</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6"><i>Office vacant from 16 September 1941 to 26 October 1967</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Reza Pahlavi II</a></td> <td></td> <td>Eldest son</td> <td>1 November 1960 (<i>Proclaimed</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <hr /> <p>26 October 1967 (<i>Designated</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td>11 February 1979<br /> <p>(<i>Father deposed</i>) </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Royal_jewels">Royal jewels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Royal jewels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Crown" title="Pahlavi Crown">Pahlavi Crown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empress_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress Crown">Empress Crown</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Crown_Jewels" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Crown Jewels">Iranian Crown Jewels</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monuments">Monuments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Monuments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Reza_Shah" title="Mausoleum of Reza Shah">Mausoleum of Reza Shah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shahyad_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahyad Tower">Shahyad Tower</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_of_titles">Use of titles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Use of titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Special:EditPage/Pahlavi dynasty">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shâh</a>: Emperor, followed by Shâhanshâh of Iran, with style <i>His Imperial Majesty</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahbanu" title="Shahbanu">Shahbânu</a>: Shahbânu or Empress, followed by first name, followed by "of Iran", with style <i>Her Imperial Majesty</i></li> <li>Valiahd: Crown Prince of Iran, with style <i>His Imperial Highness</i></li> <li>Younger sons: Prince (Shâhpūr, or King's Son), followed by first name and surname (Pahlavi), and style <i>His Imperial Highness</i>.</li> <li>Daughters: Princess (Shâhdokht, or King's Daughter), followed by first name and surname (Pahlavi), and style <i>Her Imperial Highness</i>.</li> <li>Children of the monarch's daughter/s use another version of Prince (Vâlâ Gohar, "of superior essence") or Princess (Vâlâ Gohari), which indicate descent in the second generation through the female line, and use the styles <i>His Highness</i> or <i>Her Highness</i>. This is then followed by first name and father's surname, whether he was royal or a commoner. However, the children by the last Shah's sister Fatemeh, who married an American businessman as her first husband, are surnamed Pahlavi Hillyer and do not use any titles.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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title="Imperial Standards of Iran">Imperial Standards of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_Iran" title="Monarchism in Iran">Monarchism in Iran</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAghaie2011" class="citation book cs1">Aghaie, Kamran Scot (1 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=egGgUM_YdL8C&dq=Reza+shah+is+Mazanderani&pg=PA49"><i>The Martyrs of Karbala: Shi'i Symbols and Rituals in Modern Iran</i></a>. University of Washington Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-295-80078-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-295-80078-3"><bdi>978-0-295-80078-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Martyrs+of+Karbala%3A+Shi%27i+Symbols+and+Rituals+in+Modern+Iran&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.isbn=978-0-295-80078-3&rft.aulast=Aghaie&rft.aufirst=Kamran+Scot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DegGgUM_YdL8C%26dq%3DReza%2Bshah%2Bis%2BMazanderani%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFکوروشنوری1388" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">کوروش, نوروز مرادی; نوری, مصطفی (1388). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ensani.ir/file/download/article/20101205103251-0%20(51).pdf">"سندی نویافته از نیای رضاشاه"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>پیام بهارستان</i>. د۲،س ۱،ش۴.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&rft.atitle=%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C+%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%87+%D8%A7%D8%B2+%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C+%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87&rft.volume=%D8%AF%DB%B2%D8%8C%D8%B3+%DB%B1%D8%8C%D8%B4%DB%B4&rft.date=1388&rft.aulast=%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4&rft.aufirst=%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2+%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C&rft.au=%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%2C+%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fensani.ir%2Ffile%2Fdownload%2Farticle%2F20101205103251-0%2520%2851%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFمعتضد1387" class="citation book cs1">معتضد, خسرو (1387). <i>تاج های زنانه</i> (چاپ اول ed.). تهران: نشر البرز. pp. 46 47 48 49 50 51 جلد اول. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789644425974" title="Special:BookSources/9789644425974"><bdi>9789644425974</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC+%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C+%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87&rft.place=%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&rft.pages=46+47+48+49+50+51+%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84&rft.edition=%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE+%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84&rft.pub=%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B2&rft.date=1387&rft.isbn=9789644425974&rft.aulast=%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%AF&rft.aufirst=%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFنیازمند1387" class="citation book cs1">نیازمند, رضا (1387). <i>رضاشاه از تولد تا سلطنت</i> (چاپ ششم ed.). تهران: حکایت قلم نوین. pp. 15 16 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 39 40 43 44 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9645925460" title="Special:BookSources/9645925460"><bdi>9645925460</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87+%D8%A7%D8%B2+%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF+%D8%AA%D8%A7+%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA&rft.place=%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&rft.pages=15+16+21+22+23+24+25+26+27+28+29+30+31+32+33+39+40+43+44+45&rft.edition=%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE+%D8%B4%D8%B4%D9%85&rft.pub=%D8%AD%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA+%D9%82%D9%84%D9%85+%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86&rft.date=1387&rft.isbn=9645925460&rft.aulast=%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF&rft.aufirst=%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFزیباکلام1398" class="citation book cs1">زیباکلام, صادق (1398). <i>رضاشاه</i> (اول ed.). تهران: روزنه،لندن:اچ انداس. pp. 61, 62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781780837628" title="Special:BookSources/9781780837628"><bdi>9781780837628</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87&rft.place=%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&rft.pages=61%2C+62&rft.edition=%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84&rft.pub=%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%87%D8%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%3A%D8%A7%DA%86+%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3&rft.date=1398&rft.isbn=9781780837628&rft.aulast=%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85&rft.aufirst=%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GhaniGhanī2001-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GhaniGhanī2001_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCyrus_GhaniSīrūs_Ghanī2001" class="citation book cs1">Cyrus Ghani; Sīrūs Ghanī (6 January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VGZItY9kL0AC&pg=PA147"><i>Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power</i></a>. I.B.Tauris. pp. 147–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-629-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-629-4"><bdi>978-1-86064-629-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iran+and+the+Rise+of+the+Reza+Shah%3A+From+Qajar+Collapse+to+Pahlavi+Power&rft.pages=147-&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2001-01-06&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-629-4&rft.au=Cyrus+Ghani&rft.au=S%C4%ABr%C5%ABs+Ghan%C4%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVGZItY9kL0AC%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zirinsky-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zirinsky_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zirinsky_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZirinsky1992" class="citation journal cs1">Zirinsky, Michael P. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=history_facpubs&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2Fscholar%3Fstart%3D20%26q%3Dlife%2Bof%2Bshah%2Bmohammed%2Breza%26hl%3Den%26as_sdt%3D0%2C5#search=%22life%20shah%20mohammed%20reza%22">"Imperial power and dictatorship: Britain and the rise of Reza Shah, 1921-1926"</a>. <i>International Journal of Middle East Studies</i>. <b>24</b> (4): 639–663. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0020743800022388">10.1017/s0020743800022388</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:159878744">159878744</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Middle+East+Studies&rft.atitle=Imperial+power+and+dictatorship%3A+Britain+and+the+rise+of+Reza+Shah%2C+1921-1926&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=639-663&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0020743800022388&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A159878744%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Zirinsky&rft.aufirst=Michael+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.boisestate.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1001%26context%3Dhistory_facpubs%26sei-redir%3D1%26referer%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fscholar.google.com%252Fscholar%253Fstart%253D20%2526q%253Dlife%252Bof%252Bshah%252Bmohammed%252Breza%2526hl%253Den%2526as_sdt%253D0%252C5%23search%3D%2522life%2520shah%2520mohammed%2520reza%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brysac, Shareen Blair. "A Very British Coup: How Reza Shah Won and Lost His Throne." <i>World Policy Journal</i> 24, no. 2 (2007): 90–103. Accessed 8 August 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/40210096">http://www.jstor.org/stable/40210096</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181022170922/http://ajoudani.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=62&Itemid=27">"Mashallah Ajudani"</a>. <i>Ajoudani</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ajoudani.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=62&Itemid=27">the original</a> on 22 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ajoudani&rft.atitle=Mashallah+Ajudani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fajoudani.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D62%26Itemid%3D27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtisHooglund" class="citation book cs1">Curtis, Glenn E.; <a href="/wiki/Eric_Hooglund" title="Eric Hooglund">Hooglund, Eric</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yPf_f7skJUYC&pg=PA27"><i>Iran: A Country Study: A Country Study</i></a>. Government Printing Office. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8444-1187-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8444-1187-3"><bdi>978-0-8444-1187-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iran%3A+A+Country+Study%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.isbn=978-0-8444-1187-3&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Glenn+E.&rft.au=Hooglund%2C+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyPf_f7skJUYC%26pg%3DPA27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Afkhami2008-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Afkhami2008_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGholam_Reza_Afkhami2008" class="citation book cs1">Gholam Reza Afkhami (27 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pTVSPmyvtkAC&pg=PP2"><i>The Life and Times of the Shah</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-25328-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-25328-5"><bdi>978-0-520-25328-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+the+Shah&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2008-10-27&rft.isbn=978-0-520-25328-5&rft.au=Gholam+Reza+Afkhami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpTVSPmyvtkAC%26pg%3DPP2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAfkhami2009" class="citation book cs1">Afkhami, Gholam Reza (2009). <i>The Life and Times of the Shah</i>. University of California Press. p. 4. <q>(..) His mother, who was of Georgian origin, died not long after, leaving Reza in her brother's care in Tehran. (...).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+the+Shah&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Afkhami&rft.aufirst=Gholam+Reza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGholamAli_Haddad_Adel2012" class="citation book cs1">GholamAli Haddad Adel; et al. (2012). <i>The Pahlavi Dynasty: An Entry from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam</i>. EWI Press. p. 3. <q>(...) His mother, Nush Afarin, was a Georgian Muslim immigrant (...).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pahlavi+Dynasty%3A+An+Entry+from+Encyclopaedia+of+the+World+of+Islam&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=EWI+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.au=GholamAli+Haddad+Adel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Homa Katouzian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FzVANM0p29kC&dq=reza+shahs+mother+georgian&pg=PA269">"State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis"</a> I.B.Tauris, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1845112721" title="Special:BookSources/978-1845112721">978-1845112721</a> p 269</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dareini-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dareini_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dareini_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dareini_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDareini1999" class="citation book cs1">Dareini, Ali Akbar (1999). <i>The rise and fall of the Pahlavi dynasty</i>. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 446. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-208-1642-0" title="Special:BookSources/81-208-1642-0"><bdi>81-208-1642-0</bdi></a>. <q>2. The Shah gives another account for his separation with Fawzia. "For reasons still obscure to medical science, Queen Fawzia bore only one child; thus unfortunately no male heir issued from our marriage. Under the Persian Constitution the crown must pass by direct line of descent to a male heir. This rules out not only my daughter but also my three sisters. The Constitution further stipulates that no one descended from the previous Qajar dynasty is eligible to become king. Since two of my father's wives were of Qajar blood, my half-brothers who are their sons are ineligible. In fact I had only one brother not related to the Qajar line, and to my sorrow he was to die in an aeroplane crash in 1954. With these limitations it is no wonder that my advisors felt it important for my wife to bear a son. It is true that the Constitution might have been amended, but the dimate of opinion seemed opposed to tampering with the provisions relating to the royal succession. Besides, I was young and, quite apart from the constitutional factor, I wanted more children. When Queen Fawzia went to Egypt on an extended stay, we decided on a divorce." Please see Mission for My Country His Imperial Majesty Mohammad Reza Shah Pahiavi, Hutchinson and Co. (Publishers) Ltd., London, 1961–1968; pp. 219–220</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+rise+and+fall+of+the+Pahlavi+dynasty&rft.pages=446&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=81-208-1642-0&rft.aulast=Dareini&rft.aufirst=Ali+Akbar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoyt1976" class="citation book cs1">Hoyt, Edwin Palmer (1976). <i>The Shah: The Glittering Story of Iran and Its People</i>. P. S. Eriksson. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780839777533" title="Special:BookSources/9780839777533"><bdi>9780839777533</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Shah%3A+The+Glittering+Story+of+Iran+and+Its+People&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=P.+S.+Eriksson&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=9780839777533&rft.aulast=Hoyt&rft.aufirst=Edwin+Palmer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtisHooglund2008" class="citation book cs1">Curtis, Glenn; Hooglund, Eric (April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/irancountrystudy00curt_2/page/195"><i>Iran, a country study</i></a>. Washington, D.C., US: Library of Congress. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8444-1187-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8444-1187-3"><bdi>978-0-8444-1187-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iran%2C+a+country+study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.%2C+US&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2008-04&rft.isbn=978-0-8444-1187-3&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.au=Hooglund%2C+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Firancountrystudy00curt_2%2Fpage%2F195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APahlavi+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pahlavi_dynasty" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi dynasty</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFC332; text-align:center;"><div style="font-size:90%"><b>— <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Royal house</a> —</b></div><div></div><div><b>House of Pahlavī</b></div><div style="font-size:90%">Founding year: <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a></div><div style="font-size:90%">Deposition: <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">House of Qâjâr</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Ruling house</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </b><br />15 December 1925 – 11 February 1979 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Monarchy abolished</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Interim_Government_of_Iran" title="Interim Government of Iran">Republic declared</a></b></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Iran" title="History of Iran">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Prehistory"><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Iran" title="Prehistory of Iran">Prehistory</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">3400–539 BC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kura%E2%80%93Araxes_culture" title="Kura–Araxes culture">Kura-Araxes <span class="nowrap">culture (3400–2000 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Elamite">Proto-Elamite <span class="nowrap">civilization (3100–2700 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elamite <span class="nowrap">dynasties (2700–540 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkadian_Empire" title="Akkadian Empire">Akkadian <span class="nowrap">Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lullubi" title="Lullubi">Lullubi <span class="nowrap">(c.2300–675 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassites" title="Kassites">Kassites <span class="nowrap">(c.1595–c.1155 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannaeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannaeans">Kingdom of <span class="nowrap">Mannai (10th–7th century BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian <span class="nowrap">Empire (911–609 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu <span class="nowrap">(860 BC–590 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_kingdom" title="Median kingdom">Median <span class="nowrap">Empire (678–549 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythian <span class="nowrap">Kingdom (652–625 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Babylonian_Empire" title="Neo-Babylonian Empire">Neo-Babylonian <span class="nowrap">Empire (626–539 BC)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">550 BC–AD 224</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid <span class="nowrap">Empire (550–330 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atropatene" title="Atropatene">Atropatene <span class="nowrap">(c.323 BC–AD 226)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Armenia_(antiquity)" title="Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)">Kingdom of <span class="nowrap">Armenia (321 BC–AD 428)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cappadocia" title="Kingdom of Cappadocia">Kingdom of <span class="nowrap">Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid <span class="nowrap">Empire (312–63 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frataraka" title="Frataraka">Frataraka <span class="nowrap">(c.295–220 BC)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pontus" title="Kingdom of Pontus">Kingdom of <span class="nowrap">Pontus (281 BC–AD 62)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian <span class="nowrap">Empire (247 BC–AD 224)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Persis" title="Kings of Persis">Kings of <span class="nowrap">Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">AD 224–651</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian <span class="nowrap">Empire (AD 224–651)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval and<br />early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;font-size:85%;">632–1090</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun <span class="nowrap">Caliphate (632–661)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad <span class="nowrap">Caliphate (661–750)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid <span class="nowrap">Caliphate (750–1258)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samanid_Empire" title="Samanid Empire">Samanid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (819–999)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahirid_dynasty" title="Tahirid dynasty">Tahirid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (821–873)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alid_dynasties_of_northern_Iran" title="Alid dynasties of northern Iran">Alavid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (864–928)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffarid_dynasty" title="Saffarid dynasty">Saffarid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (861–1003)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarid_dynasty" title="Ziyarid dynasty">Ziyarid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (931–1090)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyid_dynasty" title="Buyid dynasty">Buyid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (934–1062)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;font-size:85%;">977–1432</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghaznavids" title="Ghaznavids">Ghaznavid <span class="nowrap">Empire (977–1186)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghurid_dynasty" title="Ghurid dynasty">Ghurid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1011–1215)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seljuk_Empire" title="Seljuk Empire">Seljuk <span class="nowrap">Empire (1037–1194)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushtegin_dynasty" title="Anushtegin dynasty">Anushtegin <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1077–1231)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldiguzids" title="Eldiguzids">Eldiguzids <span class="nowrap">(1135/36-1225)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kart_dynasty" title="Kart dynasty">Kart <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1244–1381)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate"><span class="nowrap">Ilkhanate (1256–1335)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzaffarids_(Iran)" title="Muzaffarids (Iran)">Muzaffarid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1314–1393)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalayirid_Sultanate" title="Jalayirid Sultanate">Jalayirid Sultanate <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1335–1432)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chobanids" title="Chobanids">Chobanid <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1338–1357)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;font-size:85%;">1370–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timurid_Empire" title="Timurid Empire">Timurid <span class="nowrap">Empire (1370–1507)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu">Qara Qoyunlu <span class="nowrap">Turcomans (1374–1468)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aq_Qoyunlu" title="Aq Qoyunlu">Aq Qoyunlu <span class="nowrap">Turcomans (1378–1508)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_Iran" title="Safavid Iran">Safavid <span class="nowrap">Empire (1501–1736)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afsharid_Iran" title="Afsharid Iran">Afsharid <span class="nowrap">Empire (1736–1796)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zand_dynasty" title="Zand dynasty">Zand <span class="nowrap">Dynasty (1751–1794)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_Iran" title="Qajar Iran">Qajar <span class="nowrap">Empire (1789–1925)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanates_of_the_Caucasus" title="Khanates of the Caucasus">Khanates of the <span class="nowrap">Caucasus (18th–20th centuries)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Constitutional_Revolution" title="Persian Constitutional Revolution">Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_bombardment_of_the_Majlis" title="1908 bombardment of the Majlis">1908 bombardment of the Majlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Persian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1921 Persian coup d'état">1921 Persian coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_separatism_in_Khuzestan" title="Arab separatism in Khuzestan">Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;font-size:85%;">1925–1979</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pahlavi <span class="nowrap">dynasty (1925–1979)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatt_al-Arab_dispute" title="Shatt al-Arab dispute">Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_crisis_of_1946" title="Iran crisis of 1946">Iran crisis of 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Balochistan" title="Insurgency in Balochistan">Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Iranian_Constituent_Assembly_election" title="1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election">1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">1953 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">Iranian <span class="nowrap">revolution (1979)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Islamic Republic</a></span><br />1979–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="History of the Islamic Republic of Iran"><span class="nowrap">History (1979–)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interim_Government_of_Iran" title="Interim Government of Iran">Interim Government (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1979_Iranian_Islamic_Republic_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum">March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Khuzestan_insurgency" title="1979 Khuzestan insurgency">1979 Khuzestan insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1979_Iranian_constitutional_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum">December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Embassy_siege" title="Iranian Embassy siege">Iranian Embassy <span class="nowrap">siege (1980)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nojeh_coup_plot" title="Nojeh coup plot">Nojeh coup plot (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq <span class="nowrap">War (1980–88)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interim_Government_of_Iran_(1981)" title="Interim Government of Iran (1981)">Interim Government of Iran (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Mecca_incident" title="1987 Mecca incident">1987 Mecca incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_655" title="Iran Air Flight 655">Iran Air Flight 655 <span class="nowrap">shootdown (1988)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDPI_insurgency_(1989%E2%80%931996)" title="KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)">KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93PJAK_conflict" title="Iran–PJAK conflict">PJAK conflict (2004–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Iranian_presidential_election_protests" title="2009 Iranian presidential election protests">2009 Iranian presidential election protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war (2011–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_military_intervention_against_the_Islamic_State" class="mw-redirect" title="International military intervention against the Islamic State">International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">United States withdrawal (2018)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_Iranian_protests" title="2017–2018 Iranian protests">2017–2018 Iranian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932019_Iranian_general_strikes_and_protests" title="2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests">2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iran" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Iran">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Sistan_and_Baluchestan_protests" title="2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests">2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Iranian_protests" title="2019–2020 Iranian protests">2019–2020 Iranian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Sistan_and_Baluchestan_protests" title="2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests">2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Iranian_protests" title="2021–2022 Iranian protests">2021–2022 Iranian protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Persians" title="List of ancient Persians">Ancient Persians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persianization" title="Persianization">Persianization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persianate_society" title="Persianate society">Persianate society</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turco-Persian_tradition" title="Turco-Persian tradition">Turco-Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Persian_culture" title="Indo-Persian culture">Indo-Persian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranic peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_languages" title="Iranian languages">languages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiroft_culture" title="Jiroft culture">Jiroft culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">Aryans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples_of_the_Caucasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoples of the Caucasus">Peoples of the Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persians" title="Persians">Persians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Persia" title="List of monarchs of Persia">Monarchs of Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Iran" title="List of heads of state of Iran">Heads of state of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_democracy_in_classical_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="History of democracy in classical Iran">History of democracy in classical Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Iran" title="Military history of Iran">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_electricity_in_Iran" title="History of electricity in Iran">Electric history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Iran" title="List of years in Iran">Years in Iran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Iran" title="Geography of Iran">Geography</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_Iran" title="Borders of Iran">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Iran_by_province" title="List of cities in Iran by province">Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_of_Iran" title="List of largest cities of Iran">largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Iran" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Iran">twin towns and sister cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Iran" title="List of earthquakes in Iran">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Iran" title="Environmental issues in Iran">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Iran" title="Climate change in Iran">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_(Iran)" title="Azerbaijan (Iran)">Iranian Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_province" title="Sistan and Baluchestan province">Iranian Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Hyrcanian_mixed_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests">Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Kurdistan" title="Iranian Kurdistan">Iranian Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Urmia" title="Lake Urmia">Lake Urmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Iran" title="List of islands of Iran">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Iran" title="List of mountains in Iran">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Iran" title="Provinces of Iran">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Iran" title="Wildlife of Iran">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iran" title="Politics of Iran">Politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Iran" title="Censorship in Iran">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Iran" title="Constitution of Iran">Constitution</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_Constitutional_Revolution" title="Persian Constitutional Revolution">Persian Constitutional Revolution</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Iran" title="Corruption in Iran">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Iran" title="Elections in Iran">Elections</a> (<a href="/wiki/2009_Iranian_presidential_election" title="2009 Iranian presidential election">2009 presidential</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iran" title="Foreign relations of Iran">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran">Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Iran" title="Human rights in Iran">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Childrens%27_Rights_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Childrens' Rights in Iran">Children's rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Iran">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Iran" title="Women's rights in Iran">Women's rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_judicial_system_of_Iran" title="History of the judicial system of Iran">Judicial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Armed_Forces" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces">Military</a> (<a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Army" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Air_Force" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Navy" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Navy">Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">Ministry of Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberwarfare_and_Iran" title="Cyberwarfare and Iran">Cyberwarfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1747" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747">UN Security Council Resolution 1747</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Iran" title="List of political parties in Iran">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principlists" class="mw-redirect" title="Principlists">Principlists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Iran" title="Propaganda in Iran">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Reformists" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Reformists">Reformists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_and_terrorism_in_Iran" title="Assassination and terrorism in Iran">Terrorism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iran_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Iran and state-sponsored terrorism">state-sponsorship allegations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Revolution" title="White Revolution">White Revolution (1963)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_movement_in_Iran" title="Women's rights movement in Iran">Women's rights movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Councils</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Experts" title="Assembly of Experts">Assembly (or Council) of Experts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expediency_Discernment_Council" title="Expediency Discernment Council">Expediency Discernment Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_Council" title="Guardian Council">Guardian Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Consultative_Assembly" title="Islamic Consultative Assembly">Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_councils_of_Iran" title="Local councils of Iran">Local councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_National_Security_Council" title="Supreme National Security Council">Supreme National Security Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranian_officials" title="List of Iranian officials">Officials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_ambassadors_from_Iran" title="List of current ambassadors from Iran">Ambassadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Iran" title="President of Iran">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Iran_governors-general" title="List of current Iran governors-general">Provincial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_of_Iran" title="Supreme Leader of Iran">Supreme Leader</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iran" title="Economy of Iran">Economy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonyad" title="Bonyad">Bonyad (charitable trust)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_capital_flight_from_Iran" title="Human capital flight from Iran">Brain drain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Iran" title="List of companies of Iran">Companies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Iran" title="Automotive industry in Iran">Automotive industry</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_labour_in_Iran" title="Child labour in Iran">Child labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Iran" title="Corruption in Iran">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Iran" title="Economic history of Iran">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Economic_Reform_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Economic Reform Plan">Economic Reform Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Iran" title="Energy in Iran">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Iran" title="Environmental issues in Iran">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment_in_Iran" title="Foreign direct investment in Iran">Foreign direct investment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_in_Iran" title="Intellectual property in Iran">Intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_oil_bourse" title="Iranian oil bourse">International oil bourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Iran" title="International rankings of Iran">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Iran and the World Trade Organization">Iran and the World Trade Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Iran" title="Taxation in Iran">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_economic_laws_in_Iran" title="List of economic laws in Iran">Main economic laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Middle_East" title="Economy of the Middle East">Economy of the Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milad_Tower" title="Milad Tower">Milad Tower and complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_equipment_manufactured_in_Iran" title="List of military equipment manufactured in Iran">Military equipment manufactured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1747" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747">UN Security Council Resolution 1747</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privatization_in_Iran" title="Privatization in Iran">Privatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_rial" title="Iranian rial">Rial (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Space_Agency" title="Iranian Space Agency">Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Imam_Khomeini%27s_Order" title="Execution of Imam Khomeini's Order">Setad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Audit_Court_of_Iran" title="Supreme Audit Court of Iran">Supreme Audit Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_Stock_Exchange" title="Tehran Stock Exchange">Tehran Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venture_capital_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Venture capital in Iran">Venture capital</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Iran#Technology_start-ups" title="Communications in Iran">Technology start-ups</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic_sector" title="Economic sector">Sectors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Iran" title="Agriculture in Iran">Agriculture</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fruit_production_in_Iran" title="Fruit production in Iran">fruit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_and_insurance_in_Iran" title="Banking and insurance in Iran">Banking and insurance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Iran" title="Central Bank of Iran">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetab_Banking_System" title="Shetab Banking System">Shetab Banking System</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_Iran" title="Construction industry of Iran">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_industry_of_Iran" title="Defense industry of Iran">Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Iran" title="Healthcare in Iran">Health care</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pharmaceuticals_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceuticals in Iran">Pharmaceuticals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_of_Iran" title="Industry of Iran">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Iran" title="Mining in Iran">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Iran" title="Petroleum industry in Iran">Petroleum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_Oil_Company" title="Anglo-Persian Oil Company">Anglo-Persian Oil Company</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Iran" title="Communications in Iran">Telecommunications and IT</a> (<a href="/wiki/Telecommunication_Company_of_Iran" title="Telecommunication Company of Iran">TCI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Iran" title="Transport in Iran">Transport</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Iran" title="List of airlines of Iran">airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_Metro" title="Tehran Metro">metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Railways" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Railways">railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRISL_Group" title="IRISL Group">shipping</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Iran" title="Tourism in Iran">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned<br />companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Industries_Organization" title="Defense Industries Organization">Defense Industries Organization (DIO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDRO_Group" title="IDRO Group">Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Aviation_Industries_Organization" title="Iran Aviation Industries Organization">Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Electronics_Industries" title="Iran Electronics Industries">Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian Oil Company">National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Development_Fund_of_Iran" title="National Development Fund of Iran">National Development Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asaluyeh" title="Asaluyeh">Asaluyeh industrial corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chabahar_Free_Trade-Industrial_Zone" title="Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone">Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kish_Island" title="Kish Island">Kish Island Free Trade Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranian_research_centers" title="List of Iranian research centers">Research centers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Society" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Iran" title="Category:Society of Iran">Society</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Iran" title="Demographics of Iran">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Iran" title="Languages of Iran">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian (Farsi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish languages">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian Neo-Aramaic">Neo-Aramaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_languages" title="Iranian languages">Iranian languages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Iran" title="Demographics of Iran">Iranian citizens</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iranian_diaspora" title="Iranian diaspora">abroad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Iran" title="Ethnic minorities in Iran">Ethnic minorities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Armenians" title="Iranian Armenians">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Iran" title="Assyrians in Iran">Assyrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Azerbaijanis" title="Iranian Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassians_in_Iran" title="Circassians in Iran">Circassians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Georgians" title="Iranian Georgians">Georgians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Iran" title="Kurds in Iran">Kurds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Iran" title="History of the Jews in Iran">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Turkmens" title="Iranian Turkmens">Turkmen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iran" title="Religion in Iran">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iran" title="Islam in Iran">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Iran" title="Baháʼí Faith in Iran">Baháʼí Faith</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%ADs" title="Persecution of Baháʼís">persecution</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Iran" title="Christianity in Iran">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Iran" title="Zoroastrianism in Iran">Zoroastrians</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Zoroastrians" title="Persecution of Zoroastrians">persecution</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Iran" title="Freedom of religion in Iran">Freedom of religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Iran" title="Corruption in Iran">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Iran" title="Crime in Iran">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Iran" title="Education in Iran">Education</a> (<a href="/wiki/Higher_education_in_Iran" title="Higher education in Iran">higher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_movements_in_Iran" title="Intellectual movements in Iran">Intellectual movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pre-modern_Iranian_scientists_and_scholars" title="List of pre-modern Iranian scientists and scholars">scientists and scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Iran" title="List of universities in Iran">universities</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Iran" title="International rankings of Iran">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_nationality_law" title="Iranian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Iran" title="Water supply and sanitation in Iran">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Iran" title="Women in Iran">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Iran" title="Culture of Iran">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_architecture" title="Iranian architecture">Architecture</a> (<a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_architecture" title="Achaemenid architecture">Achaemenid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architects_of_Iran" title="Architects of Iran">architects</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_art" title="Persian art">Art</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iranian_modern_and_contemporary_art" title="Iranian modern and contemporary art">modern / contemporary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_astronomy" title="Persian astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blogging_in_Iran" title="Blogging in Iran">Blogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Calendars</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nowruz" title="Nowruz">Persian New Year (<i>Nowruz</i>)</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_Iran" title="Fashion in Iran">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Persian_antiquities_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Chicago Persian antiquities dispute">Chicago Persian antiquities dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Iran" title="Cinema of Iran">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_wine" title="Persian wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_folklore" title="Iranian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_movements_in_Iran" title="Intellectual movements in Iran">Intellectual movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranians" title="List of Iranians">Iranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_studies" title="Iranian studies">Iranian studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iran" title="Islam in Iran">Islam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Islamization_of_Iran" title="Islamization of Iran">Islamization</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_literature" title="Persian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Iran" title="Mass media in Iran">Media</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranian_news_agencies" title="List of Iranian news agencies">news agencies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iranian_Students_News_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Students News Agency">student</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Iran" title="List of newspapers in Iran">newspapers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_mythology" title="Persian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_National_Jewels" title="Iranian National Jewels">National Jewels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_symbols_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national symbols of Iran">National symbols</a> (<a href="/wiki/Imperial_Anthem_of_Iran" title="Imperial Anthem of Iran">Imperial Anthem</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opium_in_Iran" title="Opium in Iran">Opium consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_gardens" title="Persian gardens">Persian gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_name" title="Persian name">Persian name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_philosophy" title="Iranian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Iran" title="Public holidays in Iran">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouting_in_Iran" title="Scouting in Iran">Scouting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Iran" title="Sport in Iran">Sport</a> (<a href="/wiki/Football_in_Iran" title="Football in Iran">football</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iran" title="Music of Iran">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_folk_music" title="Iranian folk music">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_jazz" title="Iranian jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_pop_music" title="Iranian pop music">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_hip_hop" title="Iranian hip hop">Rap and hip-hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_rock" title="Iranian rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_traditional_music" title="Persian traditional music">Traditional</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ey_Iran" title="Ey Iran">Ey Iran</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Iran" title="Science and technology in Iran">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Iranian_sentiment" title="Anti-Iranian sentiment">Anti-Iranian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehrangeles" title="Tehrangeles">Tehrangeles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Iran" title="Category:Iran">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Iran" title="Portal:Iran">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="People_executed_by_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:People_executed_by_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Template:People executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:People_executed_by_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Template talk:People executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:People_executed_by_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:People executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="People_executed_by_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Iran" title="Capital punishment in Iran">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">Story</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politicians and noblemen of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pahlavi</a> period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amir-Abbas_Hoveyda" title="Amir-Abbas Hoveyda">Amir-Abbas Hoveyda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parviz_Nikkhah" title="Parviz Nikkhah">Parviz Nikkhah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javad_Saeed" title="Javad Saeed">Javad Saeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Ali_Khalatbari" title="Abbas Ali Khalatbari">Abbas Ali Khalatbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdollah_Riazi" title="Abdollah Riazi">Abdollah Riazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gholamreza_Kianpour" title="Gholamreza Kianpour">Gholamreza Kianpour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gholamreza_Nikpey" title="Gholamreza Nikpey">Gholamreza Nikpey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrokhroo_Parsa" title="Farrokhroo Parsa">Farrokhroo Parsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Ameli_Tehrani" title="Mohammad Reza Ameli Tehrani">Mohammad Reza Ameli Tehrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Jafarian" title="Mahmoud Jafarian">Mahmoud Jafarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansour_Rouhani" title="Mansour Rouhani">Mansour Rouhani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Azmoun" title="Manouchehr Azmoun">Manouchehr Azmoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manutchehr_Salimi" title="Manutchehr Salimi">Manutchehr Salimi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soldiers of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pahlavi</a> period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Hossein_Rabii" title="Amir Hossein Rabii">Amir Hossein Rabii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayat_Mohaqeqi" title="Ayat Mohaqeqi">Ayat Mohaqeqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervez_Amini_Afshar" title="Pervez Amini Afshar">Pervez Amini Afshar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_Elghanian" title="Habib Elghanian">Habib Elghanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Pakravan" title="Hassan Pakravan">Hassan Pakravan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein-Ali_Bayat" title="Hossein-Ali Bayat">Hossein-Ali Bayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Javad_Zabihi" title="Seyyed Javad Zabihi">Seyyed Javad Zabihi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Naji_(Iranian_general)" title="Reza Naji (Iranian general)">Reza Naji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Mehdiyoun" title="Saeed Mehdiyoun">Saeed Mehdiyoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Hojjat_Kashani" title="Ali Hojjat Kashani">Ali Hojjat Kashani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Neshat" title="Ali Neshat">Ali Neshat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Taghi_Majidi" title="Mohammad Taghi Majidi">Mohammad Taghi Majidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Khosrodad" title="Manouchehr Khosrodad">Manouchehr Khosrodad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Rahimi" title="Mehdi Rahimi">Mehdi Rahimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nader_Jahanbani" title="Nader Jahanbani">Nader Jahanbani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasser_Moghaddam" title="Nasser Moghaddam">Nasser Moghaddam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nematollah_Nassiri" title="Nematollah Nassiri">Nematollah Nassiri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahram_Afzali" title="Bahram Afzali">Bahram Afzali</a></li> <li>Hassan Azarfar</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other political opponents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_Qashqai" title="Khosrow Qashqai">Khosrow Qashqai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadegh_Ghotbzadeh" title="Sadegh Ghotbzadeh">Sadegh Ghotbzadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Mahmudnizhad" title="Mona Mahmudnizhad">Mona Mahmudnizhad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamran_Samimi" title="Kamran Samimi">Kamran Samimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirous_Rowshani" title="Sirous Rowshani">Sirous Rowshani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpetrators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadegh_Khalkhali" title="Sadegh Khalkhali">Sadegh Khalkhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadi_Gilani" title="Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani">Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reyshahri" title="Mohammad Reyshahri">Mohammad Reyshahri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Mousavi_Tabrizi" title="Hossein Mousavi Tabrizi">Hossein Mousavi Tabrizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asadollah_Lajevardi" title="Asadollah Lajevardi">Asadollah Lajevardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Qoddusi" title="Ali Qoddusi">Ali Qoddusi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:People_executed_by_Iran" title="Category:People executed by Iran">Category:People executed by Iran</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207991#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207991#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207991#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85067905">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007560432305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&oldid=1254661144">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pahlavi_dynasty&oldid=1254661144</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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