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class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>連續體假設</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-連續體假設-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-纳维-斯托克斯方程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#纳维-斯托克斯方程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>纳维-斯托克斯方程</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-纳维-斯托克斯方程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-牛頓與非牛頓流體" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#牛頓與非牛頓流體"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>牛頓與非牛頓流體</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-牛頓與非牛頓流體-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-流體靜力學" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#流體靜力學"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>流體靜力學</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-流體靜力學-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-流体动力学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#流体动力学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>流体动力学</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-流体动力学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-流體力學應用領域" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#流體力學應用領域"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>流體力學應用領域</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-流體力學應用領域-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">流体力学</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。69种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromingsleer" title="Stromingsleer – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stromingsleer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9" title="ميكانيكا الموائع – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميكانيكا الموائع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A1nica_de_fluy%C3%ADos" title="Mecánica de fluyíos – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mecánica de fluyíos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroaeromexanika" title="Hidroaeromexanika – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hidroaeromexanika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Гідрааэрамеханіка – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гідрааэрамеханіка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Механика на флуидите – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Механика на флуидите" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="প্রবাহী বলবিজ্ঞান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবাহী বলবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehanika_fluida" title="Mehanika fluida – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mehanika fluida" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A0nica_dels_fluids" title="Mecànica dels fluids – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mecànica dels fluids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanika_tekutin" title="Mechanika tekutin – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mechanika tekutin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidmekanik" title="Fluidmekanik – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fluidmekanik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Str%C3%B6mungsmechanik" title="Strömungsmechanik – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Strömungsmechanik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Μηχανική των ρευστών – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μηχανική των ρευστών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanics" title="Fluid mechanics – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fluid mechanics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%A5aniko_de_fluidoj" title="Meĥaniko de fluidoj – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Meĥaniko de fluidoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A1nica_de_fluidos" title="Mecánica de fluidos – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mecánica de fluidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidoen_mekanika" title="Fluidoen mekanika – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fluidoen mekanika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مکانیک سیالات – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مکانیک سیالات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtausmekaniikka" title="Virtausmekaniikka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Virtausmekaniikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9canique_des_fluides" title="Mécanique des fluides – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mécanique des fluides" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meicnic_shreabh%C3%A1nach" title="Meicnic shreabhánach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Meicnic shreabhánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A1nica_de_flu%C3%ADdos" title="Mecánica de fluídos – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mecánica de fluídos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%B9-th%C3%AD_li%CC%8Dt-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Liù-thí li̍t-ho̍k – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Liù-thí li̍t-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מכניקת הזורמים – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מכניקת הזורמים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="तरल यांत्रिकी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तरल यांत्रिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehanika_fluida" title="Mehanika fluida – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mehanika fluida" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81raml%C3%A1stan" title="Áramlástan – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Áramlástan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Հիդրոմեխանիկա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիդրոմեխանիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekanika_fluida" title="Mekanika fluida – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mekanika fluida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido_mekaniko" title="Fluido mekaniko – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fluido mekaniko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meccanica_dei_fluidi" title="Meccanica dei fluidi – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Meccanica dei fluidi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体力学 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="流体力学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekanika_fluida" title="Mekanika fluida – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mekanika fluida" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Гидроаэромеханика – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гидроаэромеханика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="유체역학 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유체역학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Гидроаэромеханика – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гидроаэромеханика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroaeromeh%C4%81nika" title="Hidroaeromehānika – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hidroaeromehānika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ദ്രവ ബലതന്ത്രം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദ്രവ ബലതന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Шингэний механик – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шингэний механик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="प्रवाह विज्ञान – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रवाह विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekanik_bendalir" title="Mekanik bendalir – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mekanik bendalir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromingsleer" title="Stromingsleer – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stromingsleer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidmekanikk" title="Fluidmekanikk – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fluidmekanikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidmekanikk" title="Fluidmekanikk – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fluidmekanikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanics" title="Fluid mechanics – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Fluid mechanics" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanika_p%C5%82yn%C3%B3w" title="Mechanika płynów – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mechanika płynów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="د مایعاتو میخانیک – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د مایعاتو میخانیک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A2nica_dos_fluidos" title="Mecânica dos fluidos – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mecânica dos fluidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecanica_fluidelor" title="Mecanica fluidelor – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mecanica fluidelor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Гидроаэромеханика – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гидроаэромеханика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehanika_fluida" title="Mehanika fluida – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mehanika fluida" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamikanikt_n_iccig" title="Tamikanikt n iccig – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamikanikt n iccig" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="තරල යාන්ත්‍ර විද්‍යාව – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තරල යාන්ත්‍ර විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanics" title="Fluid mechanics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fluid mechanics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanika_tekut%C3%ADn" title="Mechanika tekutín – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mechanika tekutín" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehanika_teko%C4%8Din" title="Mehanika tekočin – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mehanika tekočin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekanika_e_fluideve" title="Mekanika e fluideve – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mekanika e fluideve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehanika_fluida" title="Mehanika fluida – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Mehanika fluida" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Str%C3%B6mningsmekanik" title="Strömningsmekanik – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Strömningsmekanik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="பாய்ம விசையியல் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாய்ம விசையியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5" title="กลศาสตร์ของไหล – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลศาสตร์ของไหล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%C4%B1%C5%9Fkanlar_mekani%C4%9Fi" title="Akışkanlar mekaniği – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akışkanlar mekaniği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Гідроаеромеханіка – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гідроаеромеханіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سیالی میکانیات – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیالی میکانیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C6%A1_h%E1%BB%8Dc_ch%E1%BA%A5t_l%C6%B0u" title="Cơ học chất lưu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cơ học chất lưu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluwido_nga_mekanika" title="Pluwido nga mekanika – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pluwido nga mekanika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体力学 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="流体力学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%BB-th%C3%A9_le%CC%8Dk-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Liû-thé le̍k-ha̍k – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liû-thé le̍k-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="流體力學 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="流體力學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q172145#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="Talk:流体力学">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目體裁或許<b>更宜作<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#散文与列表" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/嵌入列表">散文</a>而非<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A/%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:格式手冊/列表">列表</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2019年6月28日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>如有餘力，请协助将此条目<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit">改写为散文</a>。<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Help:编辑页面">查看编辑帮助</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2016年6月21日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%22">"流体力学"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-84fe225f" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Physics"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Food"></div></div></div> <p><b>流體力學</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Fluid mechanics</span>）是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="力學">力學</a>的一門分支，是研究<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="流體">流體</a>（包含<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氣體">氣體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="液體">液體</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="等離子體">等離子體</a>）現象以及相關<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="力學">力學</a>行為的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="科學">科學</a>。流體力學可以按照研究對象的運動方式分為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E9%9D%99%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体静力学">流體靜力學</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="流體動力學">流體動力學</a>，前者研究處於靜止狀態的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="流體">流體</a>，後者研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B" title="力">力</a>對於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="流體">流體</a>運動的影響。流體力學按照應用範圍，分為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="空氣力學">空氣力學</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="水力学">水力學</a>等。 </p><p>流體力學是<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E7%BA%8C%E4%BB%8B%E8%B3%AA%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="連續介質力學">連續介質力學</a>的一門分支，是以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8F%E8%A7%82" title="宏观">宏觀</a>的角度來考慮系統特性，而不是<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%A7%80" title="微觀">微觀</a>的考慮系統中每一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="粒子">粒子</a>的特性。流体力学（尤甚是流體動力學）是一個活躍的研究領域，其中有許多尚未解決或部分解決的問題。流體動力學所應用的數學系統非常複雜，最佳的處理方式是利用電腦進行<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E5%80%BC%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="數值分析">數值分析</a>，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="計算流體力學">計算流體力學</a>通过數值分析的方式求解流體力學問題。<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="粒子圖像測速技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Particle image velocimetry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%9C%96%E5%83%8F%E6%B8%AC%E9%80%9F%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="粒子圖像測速技術（页面不存在）">粒子圖像測速技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_image_velocimetry" class="extiw" title="en:Particle image velocimetry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Particle image velocimetry</span></a></span>）</span></span>是一個將流體流場視覺化並進行分析的實驗方式，也利用了流體高度可見化的特點。 </p><p>理論流體力學的基本方程是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4-%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="纳维-斯托克斯方程">纳维-斯托克斯方程</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB" title="縮寫">簡稱</a>N-S方程，纳维-斯托克斯方程由一些<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%88%86%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="微分方程">微分方程</a>組成，通常只有透過給予特定的<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E7%95%8C%E6%A2%9D%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="邊界條件">邊界條件</a>與使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%80%BC%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="数值计算">數值計算</a>的方式才可求解。纳维-斯托克斯方程中包含<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="速度">速度</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\vec {v}}=(u,v,w)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\vec {v}}=(u,v,w)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a5a4499bab2e0eaa97c1a6354da143cfb657047" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.272ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\vec {v}}=(u,v,w)}"></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA" title="压强">壓强</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}"></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ρ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1f7d439671d1289b6a816e6af7a304be40608d64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.202ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho }"></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="黏度">黏度</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \eta }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>η</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \eta }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e4d701857cf5fbec133eebaf94deadf722537f64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.169ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \eta }"></span>，和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6" title="温度">温度</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ec7200acd984a1d3a3d7dc455e262fbe54f7f6e0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.636ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T}"></span>等<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="变量">變量</a>，而這些都是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E7%BD%AE" class="mw-disambig" title="位置">位置</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (x,y,z)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (x,y,z)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/22a8c93372e8f8b6e24d523bd5545aed3430baf4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.45ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (x,y,z)}"></span>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" class="mw-redirect" title="時間">時間</a><i>t</i>的函數。通過<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92" class="mw-redirect" title="质量守恒">質量守恒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92" class="mw-redirect" title="能量守恒">能量守恒</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92" class="mw-redirect" title="动量守恒">動量守恒</a>，以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="熱力學方程">熱力學方程</a><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(\rho ,p,T)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(\rho ,p,T)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aca192b4d1a6a833d5e155314863514939a050ad" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:9.163ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(\rho ,p,T)}"></span>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="介质">介質</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="材料">材料</a>性質，我們可以確定這些變量與其應變的關係。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="簡史"><span id=".E7.B0.A1.E5.8F.B2"></span>簡史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：簡史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>流體力學的研究至少可以追溯到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="古希臘">古希臘</a>時代，當時阿基米德研究流體靜力學和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E5%8A%9B" title="浮力">浮力</a>，並提出現在稱之為<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="阿基米德定律">阿基米德定律</a>的定律．定律是記載在阿基米德的著作《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="论浮体" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="On Floating Bodies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%BA%E6%B5%AE%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="论浮体（页面不存在）">论浮体</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Floating_Bodies" class="extiw" title="en:On Floating Bodies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">On Floating Bodies</span></a></span>）</span></span>》中，此書被視為第一本以流體力學為主的著作。後來在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A5%A7%E7%B4%8D%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E6%96%87%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="李奧納多·達文西">李奧納多·達文西</a>（觀察和實驗）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%90%AC%E5%82%91%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E9%87%8C%E6%8B%86%E5%88%A9" title="埃萬傑利斯塔·托里拆利">埃萬傑利斯塔·托里拆利</a>（發明<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%8E%8B%E8%A1%A8" title="气压表">氣壓錶</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93" class="mw-redirect" title="艾薩克·牛頓">艾薩克·牛頓</a>（研究粘度）和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="布莱兹·帕斯卡">布莱兹·帕斯卡</a>（研究流體靜力學及<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="帕斯卡定律">帕斯卡定律</a>）等研究的推動下，流體力學迅速的發展，後來由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%8A%AA%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="丹尼爾·伯努利">丹尼爾·伯努利</a>在1738年的《Hydrodynamica》導入了流體動力學的數學模型。 </p><p>流體力學中可以省略粘性的<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B2%98%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81" title="無粘性流">無粘性流</a>較為簡單，有許多數學家分析無粘性流（像<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E6%98%82%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%AD%90%E6%8B%89" title="萊昂哈德·歐拉">萊昂哈德·歐拉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A9%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E6%9C%97%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E6%9C%97%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="让·勒朗·达朗贝尔">让·勒朗·达朗贝尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E6%9C%97%E6%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="約瑟夫·拉格朗日">約瑟夫·拉格朗日</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%80%B6%E7%88%BE-%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="皮耶爾-西蒙·拉普拉斯">皮耶爾-西蒙·拉普拉斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%8E%AB%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E6%B3%8A%E6%9D%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="西莫恩·德尼·泊松">西莫恩·德尼·泊松</a>等）。較複雜的粘性流也被許多工程師所發現（像<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="讓·路易·馬利·普瓦澤伊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jean_Louis_Marie_Poiseuille"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%93%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E7%93%A6%E6%BE%A4%E4%BC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="讓·路易·馬利·普瓦澤伊（页面不存在）">讓·路易·馬利·普瓦澤伊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Louis_Marie_Poiseuille" class="extiw" title="en:Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jean_Louis_Marie_Poiseuille</span></a></span>）</span></span>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戈特希尔夫·哈根" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gotthilf Hagen"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%88%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戈特希尔夫·哈根（页面不存在）">戈特希尔夫·哈根</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthilf_Hagen" class="extiw" title="en:Gotthilf Hagen"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gotthilf Hagen</span></a></span>）</span></span>等）。由<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E5%BE%B7-%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="克劳德-路易·纳维">克勞德-路易·納維</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="乔治·加布里埃尔·斯托克斯">喬治·加布里埃爾·斯托克斯</a>提出的N-S方程，以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E7%95%8C%E5%B1%A4" title="邊界層">邊界層</a>的相關研究（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E6%9C%97%E7%89%B9" title="路德维希·普朗特">路德維希·普朗特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A5%A7%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E9%A6%AE%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="西奧多·馮·卡門">西奧多·馮·卡門</a>）對流體力學進行進一步的數學修正。而後來像<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E9%B2%8D%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%AF%BA" title="奥斯鲍恩·雷诺">奧斯鮑恩·雷諾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E7%88%BE%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%A5%E6%B4%9B%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="安德雷·柯爾莫哥洛夫">安德雷·柯爾莫哥洛夫</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%91%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%B3%B0%E5%8B%92" title="傑弗里·泰勒">傑弗里·泰勒</a>等科學家對流體<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%98%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="粘度">粘度</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%8D%E6%B5%81" title="湍流">湍流</a>有更多的了解。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="与連續介質力學的關係"><span id=".E4.B8.8E.E9.80.A3.E7.BA.8C.E4.BB.8B.E8.B3.AA.E5.8A.9B.E5.AD.B8.E7.9A.84.E9.97.9C.E4.BF.82"></span>与連續介質力學的關係</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：与連續介質力學的關係"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="连续介质力学">连续介质力学</a>：研究連續介質的物理學 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="固体力学">固體力學</a>：研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="固體">固體</a>連續介質（不受力時有固定的形狀）的物理學 </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%88%E6%80%A7%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="彈性理論">彈性理論</a>：其固體在受到<a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E5%8A%9B" title="應力">應力</a>作用後，會恢復原來的形狀 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E6%80%A7%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="塑性理論">塑性理論</a>：固體在受到相當大的應力後，產生的永久變形 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%98%E5%AD%A6" title="流变学">流變學</a>：研究在外力作用下，物體的變形和流動 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">流体力学</a>：研究<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="流體">流體</a>連續介質（其形狀隨容器而變化）的物理學 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" title="非牛頓流體">非牛頓流體</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="牛顿流体">牛頓流體</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="流體力學的基本假設"><span id=".E6.B5.81.E9.AB.94.E5.8A.9B.E5.AD.B8.E7.9A.84.E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E5.81.87.E8.A8.AD"></span>流體力學的基本假設</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：流體力學的基本假設"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reynolds.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Reynolds.svg/220px-Reynolds.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Reynolds.svg/330px-Reynolds.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Reynolds.svg/440px-Reynolds.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="210" /></a><figcaption>由一控制表面包圍的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D" title="控制體積">控制體積</a>內，某積分量的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="平衡">平衡</a></figcaption></figure> <p>任一個真實世界的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="数学模型">數學模型</a>都有其基本假設，流體力學也不例外。這些基本假設是可以用方程式的形式表示，若基本假設成立，其方程式也必定成立。 </p><p>例如考慮三維空間下的流場，質量守恆的假設意味著針對任何被控制表面包圍的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D" title="控制體積">控制體積</a>（例如球體），體積內質量的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8E%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="導數">變化率</a>等於質量由外往內通過控制表面的速率，再減去質量由內往外通過控制表面的速率（其中的一個特例是控制體積內外的質量均為定值），這可以轉換成控制體積內<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E7%BA%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F#積分形式" title="連續性方程式">積分形式的方程式</a><sup id="cite_ref-Batchelor_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batchelor-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:74</sup>。 </p><p>流體力學假設所有流體滿足以下的假設： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92" class="mw-redirect" title="质量守恒">質量守恆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%86" class="mw-redirect" title="能量守恆">能量守恆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%86" class="mw-redirect" title="動量守恆">動量守恆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E7%BA%8C%E9%AB%94%E5%81%87%E8%A8%AD" title="連續體假設">連續體假設</a></li></ul> <p>若在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%9F%B3%E9%80%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="次音速">次音速</a>的條件下，也常假設流體是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E5%A3%93%E7%B8%AE%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="不可壓縮流體">不可壓縮流體</a>，也就是流體的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a>為定值。一般情形下的液體可以算是不可壓縮流體，氣體則不一定。 </p><p>有時也會假設流體的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="黏度">黏度</a>為零，此時流體即為非黏性流體。氣體常常可視為非黏性流體。若流體<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="黏度">黏度</a>不為零，而且流體被容器包圍（如管子），則在邊界處流體的速度為零。若是黏性流體，而且容器邊界不是多孔材質，則在邊界處流體和邊界之間的剪力也是零，稱為<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="無滑動條件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="No-slip condition"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E6%BB%91%E5%8B%95%E6%A2%9D%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無滑動條件（页面不存在）">無滑動條件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-slip_condition" class="extiw" title="en:No-slip condition"><span lang="en" dir="auto">No-slip condition</span></a></span>）</span></span>。若容器邊界是多孔材質，在進入容器的前沿，滑動條件造成速度不為零．在容器多孔材質中流體和自由流體之間會有不連續的速度場，這和比佛爾和約瑟夫條件（Beavers and Joseph condition）有關。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="連續體假設"><span id=".E9.80.A3.E7.BA.8C.E9.AB.94.E5.81.87.E8.A8.AD"></span>連續體假設</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：連續體假設"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E7%BA%8C%E4%BB%8B%E8%B3%AA%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="連續介質力學">連續介質力學</a></div> <p>流體是由分子組成，不論分子之間還是及分子和固體之間都會有碰撞。不過連續體假設認為流體是<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E7%BA%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="連續">連續</a>的。像是密度、壓力、溫度和速度等特性都假設為即使是在“無限”小的點上都有明確定義，甚至是參考體積元素的尺度接近和流體中二相鄰分子距離的情形也是如此。假設特性在一點和一點之間是連續的變化，而在參考體積元素中的特性為其平均值，不考慮流體是由離散分子所組成的事實。 </p><p>連續體假設基本上是一個近似值，就像在處理天體力學時，將行星假設為質點一樣，因此所得的解只是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%91%E4%BC%BC%E8%A7%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="近似解（页面不存在）">近似解</a>。連續體假設所得的結果可能無法達到所需的精度。不過在適當的情況下，連續體假設可以產生極為精確的結果。 </p><p>有關那些應用連續體假設後，無法得到所需精度的問題，可以利用<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="統計力學">統計力學</a>的方法求解。至於一問題是否應該用統計力學求解，可以藉由計算此問題的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%AA%E6%A3%AE%E6%95%B0" title="克努森数">克努森数</a>得知。克努森数定義為分子<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%9D%87%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A8%8B" title="平均自由程">平均自由程</a>與問題特徵長度之比，問題特徵長度可能是流體中一物體的半徑（簡單來說．克努森数是指一粒子在撞到另一粒子之前，平均可以移動幾個本身半徑的長度）。若問題的克努森数大於或等於一，使用統計力學可以得到較可靠的結果。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="纳维-斯托克斯方程"><span id=".E7.BA.B3.E7.BB.B4-.E6.96.AF.E6.89.98.E5.85.8B.E6.96.AF.E6.96.B9.E7.A8.8B"></span>纳维-斯托克斯方程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：纳维-斯托克斯方程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4-%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="纳维-斯托克斯方程">纳维-斯托克斯方程</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4-%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="纳维-斯托克斯方程">纳维-斯托克斯方程</a>得名自<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E5%BE%B7-%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="克劳德-路易·纳维">克劳德-路易·纳维</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="乔治·加布里埃尔·斯托克斯">喬治·加布里埃爾·斯托克斯</a>，是一組描述流體運動的方程式，其中描述流體粒子動量的變化（力）只和流體外部的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA" title="压强">壓強</a>及流體內部的黏滯力（類似摩擦力）有關。因此纳维-斯托克斯方程描述流體內任一區域內的力平衡。 </p><p>纳维-斯托克斯方程是描述流體運動的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%88%86%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="微分方程">微分方程</a>。這樣的方程描述一些物理量的變化率和其他物理量之間的關係，例如針對一個沒有黏度的理想流體，其纳维-斯托克斯方程可表示為加速度（速度的變化率）和內部壓強的導數成正比。 </p><p>這意味著，對於一個特定的物理問題，纳维-斯托克斯方程至少需要利用<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%A9%8D%E5%88%86" class="mw-redirect" title="微積分">微積分</a>來求解。實務上只有最簡單的例子可以用此方式求解，例如非紊流、恒定流（流場不隨時間改變）而且<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E8%AB%BE%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="雷諾數">雷諾數</a>小的情形。 </p><p>對於一些複雜的，和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8A%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="紊流">紊流</a>有關的問題，例如全球氣象系統、空氣動力學等，纳维-斯托克斯方程的求解需要用電腦才能進行，相關的科學稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="計算流體力學">計算流體力學</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="牛頓與非牛頓流體"><span id=".E7.89.9B.E9.A0.93.E8.88.87.E9.9D.9E.E7.89.9B.E9.A0.93.E6.B5.81.E9.AB.94"></span>牛頓與非牛頓流體</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：牛頓與非牛頓流體"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="牛顿流体">牛頓流體</a>得名於牛頓，定義為流體的剪切應力和垂直剪切平面的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="速度">速度</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%AF%E5%BA%A6" title="梯度">梯度</a>呈正比。不管作用於流體的力大小如何，流體都會繼續流動。例如，水是牛頓流體，因為它無論怎様被攪拌，都還是保持流體的性質。另一個比較不嚴謹的定義是在流體中輕輕移動小物體的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="阻力">阻力</a>和其施力成正比。重要的流體，例如水以及空氣，在地表的正常環境下其特性都很接近牛頓流體<sup id="cite_ref-Batchelor_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batchelor-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:145</sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" title="非牛頓流體">非牛頓流體</a>是流體的切應力和垂直剪切平面的速度梯度不呈正比的流體。在攪動非牛頓流體時，會在流體表面產生一個「凹洞」，不過凹洞在一小段時間後就會慢慢消失。這種特性出現在像<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%81" title="布丁">布丁</a>、太白粉水<a href="/wiki/%E6%82%AC%E6%B5%8A%E6%B6%B2" title="悬浊液">悬浊液</a>、以及沙子（雖然嚴格來說沙子不算流體）。攪拌非牛頓流體會使其粘度降低，所以流體看起來比較沒那麼濃稠。非牛頓流體有很多種，沒辦法用依照某一個特殊性質的方式（例如說大部份有長分子鏈的流體會有非牛頓流體的行為）來加以定義，<sup id="cite_ref-Batchelor_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Batchelor-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:145</sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="流體靜力學"><span id=".E6.B5.81.E9.AB.94.E9.9D.9C.E5.8A.9B.E5.AD.B8"></span>流體靜力學</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：流體靜力學"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E9%9D%99%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体静力学">流體靜力學</a></div> <ul><li>靜態液體的壓力分佈</li> <li>容器壁的受力</li> <li>自由表面的形成</li> <li>靜浮力</li> <li>浮力定律</li> <li>浮動物體的穩定性考慮</li> <li>不可壓縮流體內的壓力變化</li> <li>靜態可壓縮流體的壓力隨高度之變化</li> <li>標準的大氣</li> <li>使被侷限流體保持靜態的表面力效應</li> <li>靜態不可壓縮流體之潛浸表面上的液體靜態作用力</li> <li>力作用於平面上的問題</li> <li>潛浸曲面上之流體靜態作用力</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="流体动力学"><span id=".E6.B5.81.E4.BD.93.E5.8A.A8.E5.8A.9B.E5.AD.A6"></span>流体动力学</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：流体动力学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="流体动力学">流体动力学</a></div> <ul><li>流动种类 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E5%B8%B8%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="定常流动">定常流动</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E5%AE%9A%E5%B8%B8%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非定常流动（页面不存在）">非定常流动</a></li></ul></li> <li>流動型態 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%82%E6%B5%81" title="层流">层流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8A%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="紊流">紊流</a></li></ul></li> <li>流动稳定性 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="不可压缩流动">不可压缩流动</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="可压缩流动（页面不存在）">可压缩流动</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%8F%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黏性流動（页面不存在）">黏性流動</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E9%BB%8F%E6%B5%81%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無黏流動（页面不存在）">無黏流動</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E5%8A%BF%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有势流动（页面不存在）">有势流动</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BC%A9%E6%B6%A1%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="漩涡流动（页面不存在）">漩涡流动</a></li> <li>流线理论</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E6%B5%81" title="管流">管流</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E5%B1%82%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="边界层流动（页面不存在）">边界层流动</a></li> <li>相似性理论</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多相流动（页面不存在）">多相流动</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="流體力學應用領域"><span id=".E6.B5.81.E9.AB.94.E5.8A.9B.E5.AD.B8.E6.87.89.E7.94.A8.E9.A0.98.E5.9F.9F"></span>流體力學應用領域</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：流體力學應用領域"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>造船工程學</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="航空工程學">航空工程學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="應用力學">應用力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="固体力学">固體力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%82%B3%E9%81%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="熱傳遞">熱傳遞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="大氣科學">大氣科學</a></li> <li>河川工程學</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="力學">力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%9B%BA%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88" title="流固耦合">流固耦合</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="空氣動力學">空氣動力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="工程力学">工程力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%8A%AA%E5%88%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="伯努利定律">伯努利定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9E%E9%80%9A%E5%99%A8" title="连通器">連通器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="二次流" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Secondary flow"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二次流（页面不存在）">二次流</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_flow" class="extiw" title="en:Secondary flow"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Secondary flow</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>参考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：参考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Batchelor-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Batchelor_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batchelor_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Batchelor_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBatchelor1967" class="citation">Batchelor, George K., An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, 1967, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-521-66396-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-521-66396-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-521-66396-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6&rft.aufirst=George+K.&rft.aulast=Batchelor&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Fluid+Dynamics&rft.date=1967&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-521-66396-2&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="Template:连续介质力学"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="Template talk:连续介质力学"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:连续介质力学"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="连续介质力学" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="连续介质力学">连续介质力学</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">基本定律</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="质量守恒定律">质量守恒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="动量守恒定律">动量守恒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%88%E6%81%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="能量守恒定律">能量守恒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="克劳修斯定理">熵不等式</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg/60px-BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg/90px-BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg/120px-BernoullisLawDerivationDiagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="370" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="固体力学">固体力学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93" title="固体">固体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E8%AE%8A" title="形變">形變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E6%80%A7_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)" title="弹性 (物理学)">弹性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E6%80%A7%E8%AE%8A%E5%BD%A2" title="塑性變形">塑性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%85%8B%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="胡克定律">胡克定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E5%8A%9B" title="應力">應力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E5%8F%98_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6)" title="应变 (物理学)">應變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%BA%94%E5%8F%98%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="有限应变理论">有限应变理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%A9%B7%E5%B0%8F%E5%BA%94%E5%8F%98%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="无穷小应变理论">无穷小应变理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E6%B0%8F%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="杨氏模量">杨氏模量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AA%E5%88%87%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="剪切模量">剪切模量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="体积模量">体积模量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%8A%E6%9D%BE%E6%AF%94" title="泊松比">泊松比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8E%E6%9B%B2_(%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8)" title="彎曲 (力學)">彎曲</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">流体力学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="流体">流体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F" title="流量">流量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E9%9D%99%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体静力学">流体静力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="黏度">黏度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%BC%A0%E5%8A%9B" title="表面张力">表面张力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="流體動力學">流體動力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="牛顿流体">牛顿流体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" title="非牛頓流體">非牛頓流體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%8A%AA%E5%88%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="伯努利定律">伯努利定律</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%98%E5%AD%A6" title="流变学">流变学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BC%B9%E6%80%A7" title="黏弹性">黏弹性</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%98%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流变测量（页面不存在）">流变测量</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%98%E4%BB%AA" title="流变仪">流变仪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="智能流体">智能流体</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电流变液" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electrorheological fluid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%98%E6%B6%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电流变液（页面不存在）">电流变液</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrorheological_fluid" class="extiw" title="en:Electrorheological fluid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electrorheological fluid</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="磁流变液" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Magnetorheological fluid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A3%81%E6%B5%81%E5%8F%98%E6%B6%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="磁流变液（页面不存在）">磁流变液</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetorheological_fluid" class="extiw" title="en:Magnetorheological fluid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Magnetorheological fluid</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E7%A3%81%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="铁磁流体">铁磁流体</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">科學家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E4%B9%89%E8%80%B3" title="罗伯特·波义耳">波义耳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E5%85%8B" title="罗伯特·胡克">胡克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">牛頓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%8A%AA%E5%88%A9" title="丹尼尔·伯努利">伯努利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E7%9B%96-%E5%90%95%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B" title="约瑟夫·路易·盖-吕萨克">盖-吕萨克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E5%BE%B7-%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4" title="克洛德-路易·纳维">納維</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%81-%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E8%A5%BF" title="奧古斯丁-路易·柯西">柯西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="乔治·斯托克斯">斯托克斯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="化学工程" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Template:化学工程"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Template talk:化学工程"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:化学工程"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="化学工程" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学工程</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">历史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="化學工程史">化学工程史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:History of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PlatformHolly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/170px-PlatformHolly.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/255px-PlatformHolly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/340px-PlatformHolly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="質量平衡">質量平衡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" title="化學工程師">化学工程师</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="化学过程">化学过程</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E7%83%AD" title="传热">传热</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%B4%A8" title="传质">传质</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">力学操作</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化學反應工程">化學反應工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化学动力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1" title="化學程序建模">化學程序建模</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化學反應器">化學反應器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">分支學科</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序設計 (化工)">工艺流程设计</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">流体力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="化學工廠">化工厂设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化学热力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="输运现象">传输现象</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程概要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化學工程概要">*更多*</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工業應用</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%82%BC%E5%88%B6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="石油炼制工业">石油煉製工業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="冶金工程">冶金工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="食品工业">食品工業</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">教育及書籍</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="輸送現象 (書)">輸送現象</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%8B%9C%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%9F%8F%E5%BE%B7" title="羅伯特·拜倫·柏德">柏德</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="化學工程單元操作 (書)">化學工程單元操作</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%87%B1%E5%B8%83" title="沃倫·李·麥凱布">麥凱布</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A" title="佩里化學工程師手冊">佩里化學工程師手冊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7H%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C" title="罗伯特·H·佩里">佩里</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程概要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化學工程概要">化学工程概要</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程条目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of chemical engineering articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程条目索引（页面不存在）">化学工程条目索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_chemical_engineering_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of chemical engineering articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of chemical engineering articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程师教育" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Education for Chemical Engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程师教育（页面不存在）">化学工程师教育</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_for_Chemical_Engineers" class="extiw" title="en:Education for Chemical Engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Education for Chemical Engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of chemical engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程师列表（页面不存在）">化学工程师列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_engineers" class="extiw" title="en:List of chemical engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of chemical engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="化學工程學會列表">化学工程學会列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="化學程序模擬器列表">化学程序模拟器列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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