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class="ds-work-card--work-title">Review of Building Blocs: How Parties Organize Society by Gianluca Passarelli</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42728943" href="https://umich.academia.edu/DanSlater"><img alt="Profile image of Dan Slater" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/42728943/15158295/15852484/s65_dan.slater.jpg" />Dan Slater</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5652630" href="https://umass.academia.edu/CedricdeLeon"><img alt="Profile image of Cedric de Leon" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/5652630/2458919/78279059/s65_cedric.de_leon.jpg" />Cedric de Leon</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="164970" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/BarryEidlin"><img alt="Profile image of Barry Eidlin" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/164970/41859/18213127/s65_barry.eidlin.jpeg" />Barry Eidlin</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This is a review of my co-edited volume by Gianluca Passarelli, political scientist at Sapienza University in Rome. </p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":52082058,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/31779873/Review_of_Building_Blocs_How_Parties_Organize_Society_by_Gianluca_Passarelli"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" 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FACTIONAL CONFLICT, COOPERATION AND FISSION WITHIN ITALIAN PARTIES","attachmentId":13227337,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1549092/INTRA_PARTY_POLITICS_AND_PARTY_SYSTEM_FACTIONAL_CONFLICT_COOPERATION_AND_FISSION_WITHIN_ITALIAN_PARTIES","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1549092/INTRA_PARTY_POLITICS_AND_PARTY_SYSTEM_FACTIONAL_CONFLICT_COOPERATION_AND_FISSION_WITHIN_ITALIAN_PARTIES"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="35690457" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35690457/Political_Parties_and_Political_Foundations_in_Italy_Their_Changing_Landscape_of_Structure_and_Financing_COLLANA_DI_DIRITTO_E_SOCIET%C3%80_Franco_Angeli_Milano_2017">Political Parties and Political Foundations in Italy Their Changing Landscape of Structure and Financing. COLLANA DI DIRITTO E SOCIETÀ. Franco Angeli, Milano 2017</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36981350" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/PaolaMarsocci">Paola Marsocci</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="63184852" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MattiaDiletti">Mattia Diletti</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This book, published with research funds from the University of Rome La Sapienza, aims at disseminating knowledge about the Italian system of political parties and political foundations among non-Italian scholars, in the light of the recent legislative reforms in this field. Due to their nature as free associations of citizens under art. 49 Cost., political parties are supposed to enjoy a full autonomy in determining their own purposes, internal organisation and financial management. However, the recent regulation on the funding of political parties contains provisions aimed at influencing the contents of party statutes, imposing upon them several organisational obligations. Moreover, some draft laws concerning the internal regulation of parties have been proposed, with the idea of making intra-party democracy not only a prerequisite for obtaining funds, but also for competing in elections. However, many argue that a law should be the least invasive possible, and parties should instead proceed to self-reformation. The stronger the erosion process of party organisations and of political cultures is, the more strongly affirmed will be the personalised models of political organisation, in which even the funding of the organisation's own public viability is managed autonomously. This is why ever more frequently some political leaders make use of think tanks for fund-raising, by virtue of the broad degree of autonomy that they enjoy.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Political Parties and Political Foundations in Italy Their Changing Landscape of Structure and Financing. COLLANA DI DIRITTO E SOCIETÀ. Franco Angeli, Milano 2017","attachmentId":55561491,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35690457/Political_Parties_and_Political_Foundations_in_Italy_Their_Changing_Landscape_of_Structure_and_Financing_COLLANA_DI_DIRITTO_E_SOCIET%C3%80_Franco_Angeli_Milano_2017","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35690457/Political_Parties_and_Political_Foundations_in_Italy_Their_Changing_Landscape_of_Structure_and_Financing_COLLANA_DI_DIRITTO_E_SOCIET%C3%80_Franco_Angeli_Milano_2017"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="36243602" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36243602/Bizzarro_etal_Party_Institutionalization">Bizzarro etal Party Institutionalization</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2805082" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/FernandoBizzarro">Fernando Bizzarro</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Because levels of party institutionalization may affect the availability of good data, existing datasets have limited reliability and coverage. To overcome these problems, we introduce the V-Dem Party Institutionalization Index, the first global country-level index on the issue. It covers – as of May 2017 – 173 countries for 117 years (1900-2016). Its geographical coverage, timespan, and conceptual reach are larger than any existing alternative. We offer an additive index that measures the scope and depth of party institutionalization in a country every year. Scope is measured by the proportion of parties that reach a threshold of minimal institutionalization, while the linkages party establish with the masses and the elites define the depth. Exploring a set of well-known cases, we show that: the index has extensive face validity, is consistent across regime types, and is comparable to other established indicators of institutionalization.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Bizzarro etal Party Institutionalization","attachmentId":56147995,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36243602/Bizzarro_etal_Party_Institutionalization","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36243602/Bizzarro_etal_Party_Institutionalization"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="31815264" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31815264/Volatile_and_tripolar_The_new_Italian_party_system">Volatile and tripolar: The new Italian party system</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2622515" href="https://luiss.academia.edu/VincenzoEmanuele">Vincenzo Emanuele</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52973263" href="https://unifi.academia.edu/AlessandroChiaramonte">Alessandro Chiaramonte</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Volatile and tripolar: The new Italian party system","attachmentId":52111678,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31815264/Volatile_and_tripolar_The_new_Italian_party_system","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31815264/Volatile_and_tripolar_The_new_Italian_party_system"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="121605965" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/121605965/Party_and_democracy_The_Uneven_road_to_party_legitimacy_by_Piero_Ignazi_New_York_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_2017_352_pp_69_54_hardback_ISBN_978_0_10_873585_4">Party and democracy. The Uneven road to party legitimacy, by Piero Ignazi, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, 352 pp., €69.54 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-10-873585-4</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28093909" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FrancescoRaniolo">Francesco Raniolo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Contemporary Italian Politics, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Party and democracy. The Uneven road to party legitimacy, by Piero Ignazi, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, 352 pp., €69.54 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-10-873585-4","attachmentId":116442480,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/121605965/Party_and_democracy_The_Uneven_road_to_party_legitimacy_by_Piero_Ignazi_New_York_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_2017_352_pp_69_54_hardback_ISBN_978_0_10_873585_4","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/121605965/Party_and_democracy_The_Uneven_road_to_party_legitimacy_by_Piero_Ignazi_New_York_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_2017_352_pp_69_54_hardback_ISBN_978_0_10_873585_4"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="35031520" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35031520/Bardi_Luciano_Enrico_Calossi_and_Eugenio_Pizzimenti_2017_Which_Face_Comes_First_The_Ascendancy_of_the_Party_in_Public_Office_in_S_Scarrow_O_Poguntke_P_Webb_eds_Organizing_Representation_Political_Parties_Participation_and_Power_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_pp_62_83">Bardi, Luciano, Enrico Calossi and Eugenio Pizzimenti (2017). “Which Face Comes First? The Ascendancy of the Party in Public Office”, in S. Scarrow, O. Poguntke, P. Webb (eds), “Organizing Representation: Political Parties, Participation, and Power” Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 62-83.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39821017" href="https://bdfinance.academia.edu/EnricoCalossi">Enrico Calossi</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Bardi, Luciano, Enrico Calossi and Eugenio Pizzimenti (2017). “Which Face Comes First? The Ascendancy of the Party in Public Office”, in S. Scarrow, O. Poguntke, P. Webb (eds), “Organizing Representation: Political Parties, Participation, and Power” Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 62-83.","attachmentId":54893999,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35031520/Bardi_Luciano_Enrico_Calossi_and_Eugenio_Pizzimenti_2017_Which_Face_Comes_First_The_Ascendancy_of_the_Party_in_Public_Office_in_S_Scarrow_O_Poguntke_P_Webb_eds_Organizing_Representation_Political_Parties_Participation_and_Power_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_pp_62_83","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35031520/Bardi_Luciano_Enrico_Calossi_and_Eugenio_Pizzimenti_2017_Which_Face_Comes_First_The_Ascendancy_of_the_Party_in_Public_Office_in_S_Scarrow_O_Poguntke_P_Webb_eds_Organizing_Representation_Political_Parties_Participation_and_Power_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_pp_62_83"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":52082058,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":52082058,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_52082058" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Their Changing Landscape of Structure and Financing","attachmentId":55551889,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35617887/Political_Parties_and_Political_Foundations_in_Italy_Their_Changing_Landscape_of_Structure_and_Financing","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35617887/Political_Parties_and_Political_Foundations_in_Italy_Their_Changing_Landscape_of_Structure_and_Financing"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="25570457" data-sort-order="default"><a 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sAPELLI</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 1997</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The transformation of the Italian party system","attachmentId":90464128,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85897194/The_transformation_of_the_Italian_party_system","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85897194/The_transformation_of_the_Italian_party_system"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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