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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Coins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banknotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banknotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Banknotes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Banknotes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Banknotes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Banknotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_kwacha_(1968–2012)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_kwacha_(1968–2012)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>First kwacha (1968–2012)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_kwacha_(1968–2012)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_issue_(1968)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_issue_(1968)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>First issue (1968)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_issue_(1968)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_emission_(1969–1973)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_emission_(1969–1973)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Second emission (1969–1973)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_emission_(1969–1973)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_issue_(1974–1976)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_issue_(1974–1976)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Third issue (1974–1976)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_issue_(1974–1976)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Kwacha_(2012_series)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Kwacha_(2012_series)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>New Kwacha (2012 series)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Kwacha_(2012_series)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Security features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commemorative_banknotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commemorative_banknotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Commemorative banknotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commemorative_banknotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exchange_Rates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exchange_Rates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Exchange Rates</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Exchange_Rates-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Exchange Rates subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Exchange_Rates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historical_Exchange_Rates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_Exchange_Rates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Historical Exchange Rates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_Exchange_Rates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zambian kwacha</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AD%E1%8B%8B%E1%89%BB" title="ክዋቻ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ክዋቻ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="كواشا زامبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كواشا زامبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya_kva%C3%A7as%C4%B1" title="Zambiya kvaçası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Zambiya kvaçası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia_kwacha" title="Zambia kwacha – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Zambia kwacha" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Замбійская квача – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Замбійская квача" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Замбійскі квача – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Замбійскі квача" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambi%C3%A0" title="Kwacha zambià – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kwacha zambià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambijsk%C3%A1_kwacha" title="Zambijská kwacha – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zambijská kwacha" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_ya_Zambia" title="Kwacha ya Zambia – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Kwacha ya Zambia" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambian_kwacha" title="Zambian kwacha – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Zambian kwacha" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambianske_kwacha" title="Zambianske kwacha – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Zambianske kwacha" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambischer_Kwacha" title="Sambischer Kwacha – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sambischer Kwacha" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambia_kvat%C5%A1a" title="Sambia kvatša – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sambia kvatša" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%96%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Κουάτσα της Ζάμπιας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κουάτσα της Ζάμπιας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambiano" title="Kwacha zambiano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kwacha zambiano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia_kva%C4%89o" title="Zambia kvaĉo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Zambia kvaĉo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کواچای زامبیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کواچای زامبیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambien" title="Kwacha zambien – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kwacha zambien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambiano" title="Kwacha zambiano – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kwacha zambiano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A0%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84_%EC%BD%B0%EC%B0%A8" title="잠비아 콰차 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잠비아 콰차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia_kwacha" title="Zambia kwacha – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Zambia kwacha" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="जाम्बियाई क्वाचा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जाम्बियाई क्वाचा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambijska_kva%C4%8Da" title="Zambijska kvača – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zambijska kvača" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE" title="জাম্বিয়ান কৱাচা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="জাম্বিয়ান কৱাচা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_Zambia" title="Kwacha Zambia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kwacha Zambia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambiano" title="Kwacha zambiano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kwacha zambiano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A6%27%D7%94_%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99" title="קוואצ'ה זמבי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוואצ'ה זמבי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambijos_kva%C4%8Da" title="Zambijos kvača – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Zambijos kvača" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiai_kwacha" title="Zambiai kwacha – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zambiai kwacha" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="झांबियन क्वाचा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="झांबियन क्वाचा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%89" title="كواتشا زامبى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كواتشا زامبى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiaanse_kwacha" title="Zambiaanse kwacha – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zambiaanse kwacha" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3" title="ザンビア・クワチャ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ザンビア・クワチャ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambisk_kwacha" title="Zambisk kwacha – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Zambisk kwacha" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya_kvachasi" title="Zambiya kvachasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Zambiya kvachasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="د زمبیا کواچای – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د زمبیا کواچای" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambijska" title="Kwacha zambijska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kwacha zambijska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_zambiano" title="Kwacha zambiano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kwacha zambiano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Замбийская квача – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Замбийская квача" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Замбијска квача – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Замбијска квача" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambian_kwacha" title="Sambian kwacha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sambian kwacha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambisk_kwacha" title="Zambisk kwacha – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Zambisk kwacha" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwacha_ng_Zambia" title="Kwacha ng Zambia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kwacha ng Zambia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Квачаи Замбия – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Квачаи Замбия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiya_kva%C3%A7as%C4%B1" title="Zambiya kvaçası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Zambiya kvaçası" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Zambian kwacha</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightskyblue"><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">ISO 4217</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Code</th><td class="infobox-data">ZMW (numeric: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">967</span>) <br />before 2013: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">ZMK</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217#Minor_unit_decimals" title="ISO 4217">Subunit</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6998100000000000000♠"></span>0.01</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightskyblue">Unit</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Currency_symbol" title="Currency symbol">Symbol</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:120%">K, ZK</span>‎</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightskyblue"><a href="/wiki/Denomination_(currency)" title="Denomination (currency)">Denominations</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subunit</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">100</span></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data">ngwee</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Banknotes</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> Freq. used</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2, 5, 10, 20, <a href="/wiki/Fifty_kwacha" title="Fifty kwacha">50</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia_K100_note" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Zambia K100 note">100</a> kwacha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coins</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> Freq. used</span></th><td class="infobox-data">5, 10, 50 ngwee, 1 kwacha</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightskyblue">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Official user(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Unofficial user(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> </p> (used in the border areas between <a href="/wiki/Zambia%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="Zambia–Zimbabwe relations">Zambia & Zimbabwe</a> and also <a href="/wiki/Malawi%E2%80%93Zambia_relations" title="Malawi–Zambia relations">Zambia & Malawi</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightskyblue">Issuance</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia" title="Bank of Zambia">Bank of Zambia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> Website</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boz.zm">www<wbr />.boz<wbr />.zm</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Printer_(publishing)" title="Printer (publishing)">Printer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Giesecke_%26_Devrient" class="mw-redirect" title="Giesecke & Devrient">G&D</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Joh._Ensched%C3%A9" title="Joh. Enschedé">Johan Enschede en Zonen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> Website</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gi-de.com">www<wbr />.gi-de<wbr />.com</a></span><br /><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joh-enschede.nl/">www<wbr />.joh-enschede<wbr />.nl</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightskyblue">Valuation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Monetary_inflation" title="Monetary inflation">Inflation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">15.78%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> Source</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zamstats.gov.zm/">www<wbr />.zamstats<wbr />.gov<wbr />.zm</a></span>, January 2024 est.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"> Method</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Consumer_price_index" title="Consumer price index">CPI</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kwacha</b> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">ISO 4217</a> code: ZMW) is the currency of <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>. It is subdivided into 100 <i>Ngwee</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>kwacha</i> derives from the <a href="/wiki/Nyanja" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyanja">Nyanja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bemba_language" title="Bemba language">Bemba</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tonga_language_(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe)" title="Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)">Tonga language</a> word for "dawn", alluding to the Zambian nationalist slogan of a "new dawn of freedom". The name <i>ngwee</i> translates as "bright" in the <a href="/wiki/Nyanja_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyanja language">Nyanja language</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to <a href="/wiki/Zambia#Independence" title="Zambia">independence</a> in 1964, the <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia_and_Nyasaland_pound" title="Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound">Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound</a> was the legal tender of the British <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a>. Banknotes of 10 shillings, 1, 5, and 10 pounds issued by the Central Africa Currency Board were in circulation, together with coins of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>, 1, 3, 6 pence, and 1, 2, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>, and 5 shillings. After independence, the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia" title="Bank of Zambia">Bank of Zambia</a> issued the first Zambian currency, the <a href="/wiki/Zambian_pound" title="Zambian pound">Zambian pound</a>, in 1964. The issued paper bills and coins were of similar denominations as these used before independence, except for the 10 pounds note, which was never issued by the Bank of Zambia.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new design to depict the newly independent country's history and struggle was adopted. The two currencies – the Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound and the Zambian pound, were allowed to circulate in parallel until December 15, 1965, when the South Rhodesian pound bills and coins were withdrawn from circulation, except for the 3 pence coin which was allowed to circulate alongside its Zambian alternative for a brief period.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 1, 1966, the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">parliament</a> approved the arrangements of the decimal currency system (Act 40 of 1966), changing the main currency unit to Kwacha, with one kwacha being equal to 100 ngwee. The <a href="/wiki/Exchange_rate" title="Exchange rate">exchange rate</a> was set to one kwacha equivalent to ten Zambian shillings, or one half of a Zambian pound. Thus, by January 16, 1968, all Zambian pound notes and coins were removed from <a href="/wiki/Circulation_(currency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Circulation (currency)">circulation</a> and replaced by the new kwacha notes, and ngwee coins. The Zambian pound notes of 10 shillings, 1, and 5 pounds were changed into 1, 2 and 10 kwacha respectively, a note of 50 ngwee was issued to replace the old 5 shillings coin, alongside a new note of 20 kwacha.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ngwee coins with the denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 ngwee replacing the existing 1, 3, 6 pence, 1, and 2 shillings coins respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Zambian pound notes, and coins ceased to be a legal tender on January 31, 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the very beginning, the kwacha was pegged to the <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">pound sterling</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Fixed_exchange-rate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Fixed exchange-rate system">fixed rate</a> of 1.7094 kwacha per 1 pound. Yet, after the devaluation of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US dollar</a> on August 15, 1971, Zambia broke all its currency's ties to the British monetary unit, and pegged the kwacha to the American monetary unit. These reforms resulted in a reduction of the kwacha's <a href="/wiki/Gold_standard" title="Gold standard">gold standard</a> by 7.8%. A few months later, the British <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Barber" title="Anthony Barber">Anthony Barber</a>, announced the demise of the <a href="/wiki/Sterling_area" title="Sterling area">Sterling area</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Floating_exchange_rate" title="Floating exchange rate">flotation</a> of the sterling pound, causing Zambia to renounce the monetary privileges once enjoyed as a member state. </p><p>Throughout the years, the Zambian currency suffered high inflation, forcing the Bank of Zambia to introduce high value denominations in 2003, including 20,000 bills to facilitate transactions. In 2013, a new, <a href="/wiki/Redenomination" title="Redenomination">redenominated</a> kwacha was introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The value of Zambian currency dropped following redenomination; the exchange rate was 22 kwacha to one U.S. dollar in April 2021. After the <a href="/wiki/2021_Zambian_general_election" title="2021 Zambian general election">2021 Zambian general election</a> saw a defeat for <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Lungu" title="Edgar Lungu">Edgar Lungu</a>, the currency's depreciation was reversed; as of 27 August 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> one U.S. dollar was exchanged for about 16 kwacha.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the inauguration of president Hakainde Hichilema in 2021, the kwacha has enjoyed a steady exchange rate hovering around 17 to 19 per one U.S dollar well into the year 2023, however following the drought, reduced economic activity and upto 15 hours of loadshedding to name a few current issues the economy has stagnated and the kwacha has since deprecated to an all time high of one U.S dollar per 27 Zambian kwacha.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coins">Coins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Coins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border: 1px #cccccc solid; border-collapse: collapse; background: #f9f9f9; float:right; clear:right; margin:0.3em 0 0.3em 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="width:184px;padding:2px;">5 kwacha in 1992 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:4px; border: 1px #cccccc solid;">[[|180px|alt=]] </td></tr> <tr style="font-size: 85%; vertical-align: top;"> <td style="width:90px;padding:2px; border: 1px #cccccc solid; line-height: 1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of arms</a> </td> <td style="width:90px;padding:2px 1px 2px 2px; border: 1px #cccccc solid; line-height: 1.5em;">Value </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>In 1968, bronze 1 and 2 ngwee and cupro-nickel 5, 10 and 20 ngwee were introduced. These coins all depicted president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> on the obverse and flora and fauna on the reverse. A twelve sided 50 ngwee coin was introduced in 1979 to replace the 50 ngwee note and featured commemorative <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> themes. </p><p>(click for image). </p><p>In 1982, copper-clad-steel replaced <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> in the 1 and 2 ngwee. These two were struck until 1983, with production of the 5 and 10 ngwee ceasing in 1987 and that of the 20 ngwee in 1988. Nickel-brass 1 kwacha coins were introduced in 1989 and depicted "Bank of Zambia" on the edges. The period of circulation for this coin was brief as inflation rates skyrocketed. </p><p>In 1992, a new, smaller coinage was introduced consisting of nickel-plated-steel 25 and 50 ngwee and brass 1, 5 and 10 kwacha. The coins depict the national crest on the obverse and native fauna on the reverse. The coins were issued only one year and then discontinued as the economic crisis dragged on. </p><p>All these coins, both from the older and newer series still remain legal tender. However, the value of the metal in the coins is worth more than their irrelevant face value, so they are never seen or used in normal trade. The only place coins might be seen today is when they are sold as souvenirs to tourists. </p><p>On January 1, 2013, new coins were introduced, namely for 5, 10, 50 ngwee and 1 kwacha.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Coins of the new kwacha (2013 series)</b> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Denomination</th> <th>Dates </th></tr> <tr> <td>5 ngwee</td> <td>2013–present </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 ngwee</td> <td>2013–present </td></tr> <tr> <td>50 ngwee</td> <td>2013–present </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 kwacha</td> <td>2013–present </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9">Coins of the Zambian kwacha (2012 "Revaluation" issue) </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Value</th> <th colspan="4">Technical parameters</th> <th colspan="3">Description</th> <th rowspan="2">Date of issue </th></tr> <tr> <th>Diameter</th> <th>Thickness</th> <th>Composition</th> <th>Edge</th> <th>Obverse</th> <th>Reverse</th> <th>Date </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#dcdcdc;"> <td>5 ngwee </td> <td>19 mm </td> <td>1.55 mm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Nickel</a>-plated steel </td> <td>Plain </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of arms of Zambia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zambezi_indigobird" title="Zambezi indigobird">Zambezi indigobird</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>January 1, 2013 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffe550;"> <td>10 ngwee </td> <td>20 mm </td> <td>1.57 mm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">Brass</a>-plated steel </td> <td>Plain </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of arms of Zambia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taurotragus" title="Taurotragus">Eland</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>January 1, 2013 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffe550;"> <td>50 ngwee </td> <td>21 mm </td> <td>1.60 mm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">Brass</a>-plated steel </td> <td>Reeded </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of arms of Zambia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_elephant" title="African elephant">African elephant</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>January 1, 2013 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#dcdcdc;"> <td>1 kwacha </td> <td>24 mm </td> <td>1.73 mm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Nickel</a>-plated steel </td> <td>Reeded </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of arms of Zambia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zambian_barbet" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambian barbet">Zambian barbet</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>January 1, 2013 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Banknotes">Banknotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Banknotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Zambian kwacha was first issued in 1968 to replace the Zambian pound. The design of the kwacha bill changed as time went on, also, different bills were either introduced in or withdrawn from circulation. Seven emissions of the first kwacha are known to exist, while only one emission of the second kwacha was introduced in circulation on January 1, 2013, and still existing since then without any changes in design or security features. Each emission share similar general features in design throughout all the banknotes, with slight changes concerning the colors and the activity based theme on the reverse of the banknotes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_kwacha_(1968–2012)"><span id="First_kwacha_.281968.E2.80.932012.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="ZMK"></span>First kwacha (1968–2012)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First kwacha (1968–2012)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_issue_(1968)"><span id="First_issue_.281968.29"></span>First issue (1968)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: First issue (1968)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first issue of the first kwacha was issued in 1968. The series comprised five banknotes of 50 ngwee, 1, 2, 10, and 20 kwacha. The obverse of the five banknotes featured a portrait of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right, together with the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_Arms_of_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of Arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms of Zambia</a> on the left on the 50 ngwee banknote, or at upper center on the kwacha banknotes. The reverse showed different activity based themes reflecting life in Zambia. The banknotes were printed by <a href="/wiki/De_La_Rue" title="De La Rue">Thomas De La Rue & Co. Limited</a>, and bore the signature of Dr Justin B. Zulu, Bank of Zambia's second governor. Apart from the 50 ngwee banknote, the kwacha banknotes had president Kenneth Kaunda as a watermark. <a href="/wiki/Specimen_banknote" title="Specimen banknote">Specimen banknotes</a> were issued for each denomination, with the word SPECIMEN <a href="/wiki/Overprint" title="Overprint">overprint</a> in red <a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">sans</a> on both the obverse and reverse. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>F.I<sup>1</sup> </th> <th>L.I<sup>2</sup> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Fifty Ngwee </td> <td>P-4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red-violet on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> on the left. A dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Lechwe" title="Lechwe">Southern lechwe</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kafue_Flats" title="Kafue Flats">Kafue Flats</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> None</small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>One Kwacha </td> <td>P-5 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Dark brown on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. A dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Farmer plowing field with <a href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">tractor</a>. Another two farmers plowing the same field with four <a href="/wiki/Ox" title="Ox">oxen</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Two Kwacha </td> <td>P-6 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Green on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. A dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Copper mining facility. Mining tower at the center, and conveyor belt on the left.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ten Kwacha </td> <td>P-7 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Blue on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. A dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Falls,_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Falls, Zambia">Victoria Falls</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Zambezi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambezi River">Zambezi River</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twenty Kwacha </td> <td>P-8 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Purple on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. A dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">National Assembly</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><sup>1</sup> <i>First Issued,</i> refers to the year of first issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small><br /> <small><sup>2</sup> <i>Last Issued:</i> refers to the year of last issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_emission_(1969–1973)"><span id="Second_emission_.281969.E2.80.931973.29"></span>Second emission (1969–1973)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Second emission (1969–1973)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1969, a second emission of the Zambian kwacha was issued. Initially, the emission comprised the same five banknotes of the first emission, and all five denominations bore the signatures of Dr Justin B. Zulu, Mr Valentine S. Musakanya, and that of Mr Bitwell R. Kuwani, the second, third, and forth governors of the Bank of Zambia, respectively, except for the 50 ngwee bills that never existed with Dr Zulu's signature, as well as the 1 kwacha bills that never showed Mr Kuwani's signature. The second emission banknotes were exactly similar to these of the first emission, except for a slight difference, in which the dot (•) between the currency symbol and the face value was removed. The banknotes were printed by <a href="/wiki/De_La_Rue" title="De La Rue">Thomas De La Rue & Co. Limited</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Specimen_banknote" title="Specimen banknote">specimen banknotes</a> were issued for each denomination, with the word SPECIMEN <a href="/wiki/Overprint" title="Overprint">overprint</a> in red <a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">sans</a> on both the obverse and reverse. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>F.I<sup>1</sup> </th> <th>L.I<sup>2</sup> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Fifty Ngwee </td> <td>P-9 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1970 </td> <td>1972 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red-violet on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> on the left. No dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Lechwe" title="Lechwe">Southern lechwe</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kafue_Flats" title="Kafue Flats">Kafue Flats</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>One Kwacha </td> <td>P-10 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>1972 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Dark brown on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. No dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Farmer plowing field with <a href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">tractor</a>. Another two farmers plowing the same field with four <a href="/wiki/Ox" title="Ox">oxen</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Two Kwacha </td> <td>P-11 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Green on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. No dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Copper mining facility. Mining tower at the center, and conveyor belt on the left.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ten Kwacha </td> <td>P-12 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Blue on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. No dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Falls,_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Falls, Zambia">Victoria Falls</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Zambezi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambezi River">Zambezi River</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twenty Kwacha </td> <td>P-13 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Purple on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. No dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">National Assembly</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><sup>1</sup> <i>First Issued,</i> refers to the year of first issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small><br /> <small><sup>2</sup> <i>Last Issued:</i> refers to the year of last issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small> </p><p>During the second emission period, a <a href="#Commemorative_banknotes">commemorative banknote of 1 kwacha</a> was issued in celebration of the declaration of <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a> on December 13, 1972. The banknote was not a legal tender, and had a different frame design than the banknotes of both, the first and second issues. </p><p>Later on in 1973, the Bank of Zambia issued the 5 kwacha banknote for the first time. A red-violet on multicolour <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a> design was chosen for the new bill note. The new design resulted in a lot of confusion between the existing 50 ngwee bill and the new 5 kwacha one. This urged the Bank of Zambia to adopt a new design for the 50 ngwee banknotes in 1973. A new black and lilac on multicolor underprint was used for easy recognition, nevertheless, this was the last issue of the 50 ngwee banknotes as it was replaced later by a coin. The two new banknotes bore the signature of Mr Bitwell R. Kuwani, and were printed by <a href="/wiki/De_La_Rue" title="De La Rue">Thomas De La Rue & Co. Limited</a>. <a href="/wiki/Specimen_banknote" title="Specimen banknote">Specimen banknotes</a> were issued for both denominations, with the word SPECIMEN <a href="/wiki/Overprint" title="Overprint">overprint</a> in red <a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">sans</a> on both the obverse and reverse. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>F.I<sup>1</sup> </th> <th>L.I<sup>2</sup> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Fifty Ngwee </td> <td>P-14 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Black and lilac on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. A depiction of an <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a> flying in front of the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> on the left. No dot between the currency symbol and face value. </small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Miners in copper mine.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Five Kwacha </td> <td>P-15 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red-violet on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center. No dot between the currency symbol and face value.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Child painting and children in class at center. School on the left.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><sup>1</sup> <i>First Issued,</i> refers to the year of first issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small><br /> <small><sup>2</sup> <i>Last Issued:</i> refers to the year of last issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Third_issue_(1974–1976)"><span id="Third_issue_.281974.E2.80.931976.29"></span>Third issue (1974–1976)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Third issue (1974–1976)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the third issue, short-lived designs of the obverses of the 10 and 20 kwacha banknotes were introduced. The new banknotes were printed by the English <a href="/wiki/Engraving" title="Engraving">engraving</a>, and printing company <a href="/wiki/Bradbury_Wilkinson_and_Company" title="Bradbury Wilkinson and Company">Bradbury, Wilkinson & Co.</a> The new designs featured an older portrait of president Kenneth Kaunda, without the usual frame design, and bearing the signature of Mr Bitwell R. Kuwani. Specimen banknotes were issued for both banknotes, with the word SPECIMEN overprint in red sans on both the obverse and reverse. Thanks to their scarcity, both bills are the most expensive banknotes of the Zambian collection among <a href="/wiki/Notaphily" title="Notaphily">notaphilists</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>F.I<sup>1</sup> </th> <th>L.I<sup>2</sup> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Ten Kwacha </td> <td>P-17 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>1974 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Blue on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Falls,_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Falls, Zambia">Victoria Falls</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Zambezi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambezi River">Zambezi River</a> at center..</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twenty Kwacha </td> <td>P-18 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>1974 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red and purple on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">National Assembly</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><sup>1</sup> <i>First Issued,</i> refers to the year of first issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small><br /> <small><sup>2</sup> <i>Last Issued:</i> refers to the year of last issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small> </p><p>In 1976, a four bills third issue was issued, in which the old frame design was re-adopted once again. Banknotes with all denominations were reproduced, except for the twenty kwacha bill, which was never issued in spite of being redesigned. All bills bore the signatures of Mr Luke J. Mwananshiku, the fifth governors of the Bank of Zambia, except for the two kwacha banknotes, which retained the signature of Mr Bitwell R. Kuwani. The third emission banknotes were exactly similar to these of the second emission, except for president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a>'s portrait, where an older portrait replaced the younger portrait appearing on the first, and second emissions. The banknotes were once again printed by <a href="/wiki/De_La_Rue" title="De La Rue">Thomas De La Rue & Co. Limited</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Specimen_banknote" title="Specimen banknote">specimen banknotes</a> were issued for each denomination, with the word SPECIMEN <a href="/wiki/Overprint" title="Overprint">overprint</a> in red <a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">sans</a> on both the obverse and reverse. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>F.I<sup>1</sup> </th> <th>L.I<sup>2</sup> </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>One Kwacha </td> <td>P-19 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>1980 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Dark brown on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Farmer plowing field with <a href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">tractor</a>. Another two farmers plowing the same field with four <a href="/wiki/Ox" title="Ox">oxen</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Two Kwacha </td> <td>P-20 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>1980 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Green on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Copper mining facility. Mining tower at the center, and conveyor belt on the left.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Five Kwacha </td> <td>P-21 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>1980 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red-violet on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> Child painting and children in class at center. School on the left.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ten Kwacha </td> <td>P-22 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>1980 </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Blue on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Falls,_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Falls, Zambia">Victoria Falls</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Zambezi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambezi River">Zambezi River</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twenty Kwacha </td> <td>P-22A </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Purple, and red on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. An older <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> in tribal outfit on the right. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of Arms</a> at upper center.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">National Assembly</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a> at center.</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><sup>1</sup> <i>First Issued,</i> refers to the year of first issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small><br /> <small><sup>2</sup> <i>Last Issued:</i> refers to the year of last issue of the actual banknote from the same emission.</small> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Denomination</th> <th>Dates </th></tr> <tr> <td>50 ngwee</td> <td>1968–1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 kwacha</td> <td>1968–1988 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 kwacha</td> <td>1968–1989 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 kwacha</td> <td>1973–1989 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 kwacha</td> <td>1968–1991 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 kwacha</td> <td>1968–1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td>50 kwacha</td> <td>1986–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>100 kwacha</td> <td>1991–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>500 kwacha</td> <td>1991–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1000 kwacha</td> <td>1992–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5000 kwacha</td> <td>1992–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10,000 kwacha</td> <td>1992–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20,000 kwacha</td> <td>2003–2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>50,000 kwacha</td> <td>2003–2013 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Until 1991, all Zambian banknotes featured a portrait of President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> on the obverse. After 1992, all notes have instead featured a <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">fish eagle</a> on the obverse. After 1989, all the reverses featured the Chainbreaker statue. In 2003, Zambia became the first African country to issue <a href="/wiki/Polymer_banknotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymer banknotes">polymer banknotes</a>. The 500 and 1000 kwacha were both printed on polymer. Although the old 20 kwacha note was still in circulation until 2012, such is the rarity of this note that most major retailers rounded prices up to the nearest 50 kwacha when calculating a total. Most items in major supermarkets were displayed using 20 kwacha in the value (e.g., 1980 kwacha). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Kwacha_(2012_series)"><span id="New_Kwacha_.282012_series.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="ZMW"></span>New Kwacha (2012 series)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: New Kwacha (2012 series)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 23, 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia" title="Bank of Zambia">Bank of Zambia</a> proposed certain measures in regards of the <a href="/wiki/Redenomination" title="Redenomination">redenomination</a> of the Zambian kwacha.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such recommendations were initially approved by the government, being one of the measures required to address costs associated with the continuous <a href="/wiki/Devaluation" title="Devaluation">devaluation</a> of the national currency, due to <a href="/wiki/Depreciation" title="Depreciation">depreciation</a> throughout time, as a direct result of several years of high inflation rates that characterized the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">national economy</a> during the late decades of the 20th century, and the early years of the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The recommendations were assented to the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">parliament</a> on November 3, 2012. Later, The Re-Domination of Currency Act (Act 8 of 2012) was enacted on December 3, 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The old currency unit was divided by 1000, hence, removing three zeros from the preexisting K50,000, K20,000, K10,000, K5,000, and K1,000. The lower denominations of K500, K100, and K50 were also divided by 1000 and were changed into the 1 Kwacha, 50, 10, and 5 Ngwee coins respectively. On the other hand, the preexisting K20 banknote was removed from circulation due to its extremely low purchasing power. </p><p>The Bank of Zambia announced January 1, 2013, as the changeover date. On the same day, the new redenominated currency became the legal tender of Zambia.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The old and new currencies were allowed to circulate side by side for a transition period of six months, until June 30, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, the old currency was denoted by 'K', whilst the new one was denoted by 'KR'. After the six-month period, the 'KR' symbol was dropped, and the new currency was referred to by the 'K' symbol. </p><p>By June 26, 2013, the Bank of Zambia managed to withdraw 3.7 trillion Kwacha in old banknotes, accumulating to about 95.3% of the circulating banknotes. Although the old currency ceased to be legal tender four days later, the Bank of Zambia Deputy Governor, announced that residents who were still holding to the old currency, especially those living in rural areas, could still be able to exchange the old currency for the new one through <a href="/wiki/Commercial_bank" title="Commercial bank">commercial banks</a>, and other designated agents.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Design">Design</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While being the first African country to introduce <a href="/wiki/Polymer_banknote" title="Polymer banknote">polymer banknotes</a> in 2003, the new currency banknotes are all printed on paper, with advanced security features. The six newly issued banknotes share multiple common features on both the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">obverse and reverse</a>, together with few different features, that are unique for each banknote. All banknotes have the same height of 70 mm, the 2 Kwacha, and 5 Kwacha banknotes are 140 mm wide, whilst the rest of the banknotes are 145 mm wide. All new banknotes were printed by the German printing company <a href="/wiki/Giesecke_%26_Devrient" class="mw-redirect" title="Giesecke & Devrient">G&D</a>, except for the 2015 issue of the 100 Kwacha banknote, which was printed by the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Joh._Ensched%C3%A9" title="Joh. Enschedé">Royal Joh. Enschedé</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Obverse</dt></dl> <p>The obverse of the new currency features four common features, found on the obverse of all the six banknotes, and a single unique feature for each one of them. The common features are: the <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a> which considered, by far, the primary recognition feature on all the Zambian banknotes, together with the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">coat of arms</a>, the signature of the Bank of Zambia Governor and obligation to pay the sum indicated on the banknote, and the <a href="/wiki/Face_value" title="Face value">face value</a> of the specified banknote. Each banknote features a unique indigenous tree from the abundant forests covering the country.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Reverse</dt></dl> <p>The reverse features the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Statue" title="Freedom Statue">Freedom Statue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a>, the issuing authority of legal tenders in Zambia, Bank of Zambia, in the middle at the top, the face value of the banknote in words in the lower left corner, and in numerals in the other three corners. There is also a unique depiction of <a href="/wiki/Wildlife" title="Wildlife">wildlife</a> in Zambia, together with an activity based theme on each reverse of the six banknotes.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>Tree </th> <th>Reverse Theme </th> <th>Wildlife depiction </th></tr> <tr> <td>Two Kwacha </td> <td>P-49 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teak" title="Teak">Teak</a> </td> <td>Women trading in market place </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roan_antelope" title="Roan antelope">Roan antelope</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Five Kwacha </td> <td>P-50 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mopane" title="Mopane">Mopane</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">Cassava</a> plant and <a href="/wiki/Tuber" title="Tuber">tuber</a> </td> <td>Lion </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ten Kwacha </td> <td>P-51 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uapaca_kirkiana" title="Uapaca kirkiana">Sugar plum</a> </td> <td>Farmers harvesting wheat </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Porcupine" title="Porcupine">Porcupine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twenty Kwacha </td> <td>P-52 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pterocarpus" title="Pterocarpus">Mukwa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miner" title="Miner">Miners</a> working in copper mine </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lechwe" title="Lechwe">Black Lechwe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fifty Kwacha </td> <td>P-53 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ficus_sycomorus" title="Ficus sycomorus">Sycamore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia" title="Bank of Zambia">Bank of Zambia</a> Headquarters, <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">Leopard</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>One Hundred Kwacha </td> <td>P-54 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adansonia" title="Adansonia">Baobab</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Zambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Zambia)">National Assembly</a> building, Lusaka </td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_buffalo" title="African buffalo">African buffalo</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Security_features">Security features</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Security features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Multiple security features were applied to avoid <a href="/wiki/Counterfeit_money" title="Counterfeit money">counterfeit banknotes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Counterfeit_money#Anti-counterfeiting_measures" title="Counterfeit money">Anti-counterfeiting measures</a> used included <a href="/wiki/Hologram" class="mw-redirect" title="Hologram">holograms</a>, multi-colored bills, embedded devices such as strips, microprinting, watermarks and different types of optically variable inks, and the use of design features which prevent counterfeiting by photocopying or scanning.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 14em">Feature </th> <th>Two Kwacha </th> <th>Five Kwacha </th> <th>Ten Kwacha </th> <th>Twenty Kwacha </th> <th>Fifty Kwacha </th> <th>One Hundred Kwacha </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/EURion_constellation" title="EURion constellation">EURion constellation</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh">Optically Variable Magnetic Ink </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Microprinting" title="Microprinting">Microprinting</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Iridescence" title="Iridescence">Iridescent</a> stripe </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency" title="Transparency and translucency">See-through</a> registration device </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Serial_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Serial code">Serial Numbers</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Security_printing#Latent_images" title="Security printing">Latent Image</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Security_printing#Watermarks" title="Security printing">Watermark</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Security_thread" title="Security thread">Security thread</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Security_hologram" title="Security hologram">Holographic</a> strip </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Intaglio_(printmaking)" title="Intaglio (printmaking)">Intaglio</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #ececec; color: black; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: middle; text-align: left;" class="table-rh"><a href="/wiki/Security_hologram" title="Security hologram">Holographic</a> security thread </th> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th>Feature </th> <th>Two Kwacha </th> <th>Five Kwacha </th> <th>Ten Kwacha </th> <th>Twenty Kwacha </th> <th>Fifty Kwacha </th> <th>One Hundred Kwacha </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commemorative_banknotes">Commemorative banknotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Commemorative banknotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since its inauguration in 1964 and until the second half of 2016, the Bank of Zambia had issued two commemorative banknotes.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first commemorative banknote was a One Kwacha banknote issued in 1973, commemorating the birth of the second republic, an incident in which the regime, led by president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a>, decided on December 13, 1972, to set up a <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a> as from January 1, 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from the issued note, a <a href="/wiki/Specimen_banknote" title="Specimen banknote">specimen banknote</a> was also issued in celebration of the same occasion. </p><p>On October 23, 2014, one day before the celebrations of the <a href="/wiki/Zambia#Independence" title="Zambia">independence day</a>, the Bank of Zambia revealed its second ever commemorative banknote. A Fifty Kwacha banknote was issued commemorating the 50th Independence Anniversary. Unlike the previous commemorative banknotes and coins of Zambia, the new commemorative banknote was the first commemorative banknote allowed in circulation as a <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal tender</a> in the country, bearing the same features of the existing Fifty Kwacha bills.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#2E8B57;"> <th>Denomination </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Pick</a> </th> <th>Obverse </th> <th>Reverse </th> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Printer_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Printer (publisher)">Printer</a> </th> <th>Description<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>One Kwacha </td> <td>P-16a </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1973 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/De_La_Rue" title="De La Rue">TDLR</a> </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red-orange, and brown on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> on the right.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> signing the declaration of the <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a> on the left, crowd in the middle.</small><br /> <small><b>Commemorative Text:</b> THE BIRTH OF THE SECOND REPUBLIC December 13, 1972</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>One Kwacha </td> <td>P-16s </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>TDLR </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Red-orange, and brown on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portrait</a> of president <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> on the right. SPECIMEN <a href="/wiki/Overprint" title="Overprint">overprint</a> in red <a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">sans</a>.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a> signing the declaration of the <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a> on the left, crowd in the middle. SPECIMEN <a href="/wiki/Overprint" title="Overprint">overprint</a> in red <a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">sans</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Commemorative Text:</b> THE BIRTH OF THE SECOND REPUBLIC December 13, 1972</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fifty Kwacha </td> <td>P-55 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giesecke_%26_Devrient" class="mw-redirect" title="Giesecke & Devrient">G&D</a> </td> <td><small><b>Obverse:</b> Blue on multicolor <a href="/wiki/Underprint" title="Underprint">underprint</a>. <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Zambia" title="Coat of arms of Zambia">Coat of arms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbidae" title="Columbidae">dove</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a> head, <a href="/wiki/Kabwe#Institutions_and_attractions" title="Kabwe">Big Tree National Monument</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kabwe" title="Kabwe">Kabwe</a>, and African fish eagle perched on a branch.</small><br /> <p><small><b>Reverse:</b> <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">Portraits</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Zambia">presidents of Zambia</a> since independence in 1964 and until 2014, clockwise from top: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kenneth Kaunda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levy_Mwanawasa" title="Levy Mwanawasa">Levy Mwanawasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sata" title="Michael Sata">Michael Sata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rupiah_Banda" title="Rupiah Banda">Rupiah Banda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chiluba" title="Frederick Chiluba">Frederick Chiluba</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia" title="Bank of Zambia">Bank of Zambia</a> Headquarters, and the Freedom Statue in <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a>.</small><br /> <small><b>Commemorative Text:</b> 50th INDEPENDENCE ANNIVERSARY</small><br /> <small><b>Watermark:</b> <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a> head</small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exchange_Rates">Exchange Rates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Exchange Rates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>As of 29 July 2024 $1= 26.18 kwacha</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_Exchange_Rates">Historical Exchange Rates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Historical Exchange Rates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Currency units per one ZMW kwacha, averaged over the year<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Currency Units </th> <th>2013 </th> <th>2014 </th> <th>2015 </th> <th>2016 </th> <th>2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th> <th>2020 </th> <th>2021 </th> <th>2022* </th> <th>2023* </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States Dollar</a> </td> <td>5.35 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>6.15 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>8.64 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>10.31 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>9.53 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>10.51 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>12.91 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>18.31 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>19.69 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>16.87 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>18.47 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_rand" title="South African rand">South African Rand</a> </td> <td>0.56 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.57 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.67 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.70 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.72 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.79 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.89 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.12 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.33 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.05 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.09 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">British Pound</a> </td> <td>8.44 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>10.14 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>13.20 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>14.01 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>12.27 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>13.94 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>16.48 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>23.40 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>27.08 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>20.95 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>20.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> </td> <td>7.16 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>8.17 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>9.57 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>11.43 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>10.76 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>12.34 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>14.45 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>20.99 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>23.32 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>17.86 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>22.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">Chinese Renminbi</a> </td> <td>0.87 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.00 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.38 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.55 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.40 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.58 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.87 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.66 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.88 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.55 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.73 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>*Running Average as of 13 January 2023 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwacha_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Kwacha (disambiguation)">Kwacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_kwacha" title="Malawian kwacha">Malawian kwacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Economy of Zambia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/banknotes/list/country/238-Zambia/series/55808-1964_ND_Issue">"Zambia : Banknotes [Series: 1964 ND Issue]"</a>. <i>colnect.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=colnect.com&rft.atitle=Zambia+%3A+Banknotes+%5BSeries%3A+1964+ND+Issue%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fbanknotes%2Flist%2Fcountry%2F238-Zambia%2Fseries%2F55808-1964_ND_Issue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060905061339/http://www.boz.zm/bankingcurrency_curencyhistory.htm">"Bank of Zambia – History of the Zambian Currency"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boz.zm/bankingcurrency_curencyhistory.htm">the original</a> on September 5, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bank+of+Zambia+%E2%80%93+History+of+the+Zambian+Currency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boz.zm%2Fbankingcurrency_curencyhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/banknotes/list/country/238-Zambia/series/55809-1968_ND_Issue">"Zambia : Banknotes [Series: 1968 ND Issue]"</a>. <i>colnect.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=colnect.com&rft.atitle=Zambia+%3A+Banknotes+%5BSeries%3A+1968+ND+Issue%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fbanknotes%2Flist%2Fcountry%2F238-Zambia%2Fseries%2F55809-1968_ND_Issue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/coins/list/country/238-Zambia/series/164112-1968%7E2012_-_Kwacha_-_Circulation">"Zambia : Coins [Series: 1968~2012 – Kwacha – Circulation] [1/3]"</a>. <i>colnect.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=colnect.com&rft.atitle=Zambia+%3A+Coins+%5BSeries%3A+1968~2012+%E2%80%93+Kwacha+%E2%80%93+Circulation%5D+%5B1%2F3%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fcoins%2Flist%2Fcountry%2F238-Zambia%2Fseries%2F164112-1968%257E2012_-_Kwacha_-_Circulation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencycharts/?from=USD&to=ZMW&view=1Y">"XE: USD / ZMW Currency Chart. US Dollar to Zambian Kwacha Rates"</a>. <i>www.xe.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.xe.com&rft.atitle=XE%3A+USD+%2F+ZMW+Currency+Chart.+US+Dollar+to+Zambian+Kwacha+Rates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xe.com%2Fcurrencycharts%2F%3Ffrom%3DUSD%26to%3DZMW%26view%3D1Y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=ZMW">"1 USD to ZMW - US Dollars to Zambian Kwacha Exchange Rate"</a>. <i>www.xe.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.xe.com&rft.atitle=1+USD+to+ZMW+-+US+Dollars+to+Zambian+Kwacha+Exchange+Rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xe.com%2Fcurrencyconverter%2Fconvert%2F%3FAmount%3D1%26From%3DUSD%26To%3DZMW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923194135/http://www.boz.zm/Publishing/35/35_KWACHA_NGWEE_Presentation_COMMERCIAL_BANKS.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boz.zm/Publishing/35/35_KWACHA_NGWEE_Presentation_COMMERCIAL_BANKS.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 31,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boz.zm%2FPublishing%2F35%2F35_KWACHA_NGWEE_Presentation_COMMERCIAL_BANKS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bank of Zambia press release <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boz.zm/currencyrebase/Rebasing%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf">Kwacha Rebasing – All you need to know!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160915232648/http://www.boz.zm/currencyrebase/Rebasing">Archived</a> September 15, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/3128">"The Re-Denomination of Currency Act 2012 | National Assembly of Zambia"</a>. <i>www.parliament.gov.zm</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parliament.gov.zm&rft.atitle=The+Re-Denomination+of+Currency+Act+2012+%26%23124%3B+National+Assembly+of+Zambia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.gov.zm%2Fnode%2F3128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bank of Zambia press release <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boz.zm/Publishing/35/35_KWACHA_NGWEE_Presentation_COMMERCIAL_BANKS.pdf">Presenntation to commercial banks: Identifying the genuine Zambian currency</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923194135/http://www.boz.zm/Publishing/35/35_KWACHA_NGWEE_Presentation_COMMERCIAL_BANKS.pdf">Archived</a> September 23, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zanaco.co.zm/index.php/more-news/160-zanaco-rebasing">Zanaco Kwacha Rebasing Q & A</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lusakatimes.com/2013/06/28/boz-assures-the-nation-on-old-kwacha-note/">"Zambia : BOZ assures the nation on Old Kwacha note"</a>. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=colnect.com&rft.atitle=Zambia+%3A+Banknotes+%5BSeries%3A+2012%E2%80%932014+%22Printer+Giesecke+%26+Devrient%22+Issue%5D+%5B1%2F2%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fbanknotes%2Flist%2Fcountry%2F238-Zambia%2Fseries%2F107853-2012-2014_Printer_Giesecke_Devrient_Issue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bank of Zambia press release <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boz.zm/Publishing/35/35_Feartures_New_Zambian_Currency.pdf">The features of the rebased currency</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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</li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.biz/sundries/31358-zambia-second-republic-1973-1991.html">"MySQL Fatal Error"</a>. <i>www.worldhistory.biz</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.worldhistory.biz&rft.atitle=MySQL+Fatal+Error&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldhistory.biz%2Fsundries%2F31358-zambia-second-republic-1973-1991.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daily-mail.co.zm/?p=8789">Zambia Daily Mail – Presidents ‘unite’ on new K50</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/banknotes/banknote/13468-1_Kwacha-1973_ND_Birth_of_the_Second_Republic_Commemorative_Issue-Zambia">"Banknote: 1 Kwacha (Zambia) (1973 ND "Birth of the Second Republic" Commemorative Issue) Wor:P-16a"</a>. <i>Colnect</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Colnect&rft.atitle=Banknote%3A+1+Kwacha+%28Zambia%29+%281973+ND+%22Birth+of+the+Second+Republic%22+Commemorative+Issue%29+Wor%3AP-16a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fbanknotes%2Fbanknote%2F13468-1_Kwacha-1973_ND_Birth_of_the_Second_Republic_Commemorative_Issue-Zambia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/banknotes/banknote/13469-1_Kwacha-1973_ND_Birth_of_the_Second_Republic_Commemorative_Issue-Zambia">"Banknote: 1 Kwacha (Zambia) (1973 ND "Birth of the Second Republic" Commemorative Issue) Wor:P-16s"</a>. <i>Colnect</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Colnect&rft.atitle=Banknote%3A+1+Kwacha+%28Zambia%29+%281973+ND+%22Birth+of+the+Second+Republic%22+Commemorative+Issue%29+Wor%3AP-16s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fbanknotes%2Fbanknote%2F13469-1_Kwacha-1973_ND_Birth_of_the_Second_Republic_Commemorative_Issue-Zambia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/banknotes/banknote/53129-50_Kwacha-2014_50th_Anniversary_of_Independence_Commemorative_Issue-Zambia">"Banknote: 50 Kwacha (Zambia) (2014 "50th Anniversary of Independence" Commemorative Issue) Wor:P-55"</a>. <i>Colnect</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Colnect&rft.atitle=Banknote%3A+50+Kwacha+%28Zambia%29+%282014+%2250th+Anniversary+of+Independence%22+Commemorative+Issue%29+Wor%3AP-55&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolnect.com%2Fen%2Fbanknotes%2Fbanknote%2F53129-50_Kwacha-2014_50th_Anniversary_of_Independence_Commemorative_Issue-Zambia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFboz2022" class="citation web cs1">boz (July 30, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boz.zm/monetary-and-financial-statistics.htm">"monetary-and-financial-statistics"</a>. <i>boz.zm</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=boz.zm&rft.atitle=monetary-and-financial-statistics&rft.date=2022-07-30&rft.au=boz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boz.zm%2Fmonetary-and-financial-statistics.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrause,_Chester_L.Clifford_Mishler1991" class="citation book cs1">Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1991). <i><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Coins" title="Standard Catalog of World Coins">Standard Catalog of World Coins</a>: 1801–1991</i> (18th ed.). Krause Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0873411501" title="Special:BookSources/0873411501"><bdi>0873411501</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Standard+Catalog+of+World+Coins%3A+1801%E2%80%931991&rft.edition=18th&rft.pub=Krause+Publications&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0873411501&rft.au=Krause%2C+Chester+L.&rft.au=Clifford+Mishler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPick,_Albert1994" class="citation book cs1">Pick, Albert (1994). <i><a href="/wiki/Standard_Catalog_of_World_Paper_Money" title="Standard Catalog of World Paper Money">Standard Catalog of World Paper Money</a>: General Issues</i>. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (7th ed.). Krause Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87341-207-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87341-207-9"><bdi>0-87341-207-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Standard+Catalog+of+World+Paper+Money%3A+General+Issues&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=Krause+Publications&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-87341-207-9&rft.au=Pick%2C+Albert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShacindaDrohan2005" class="citation news cs1">Shacinda, Shapi; Drohan, Madelaine (April 24, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/438803680">"Bank notes that just fade away; Made-in-Canada flawed currency leaves Zambians wondering if a bill is worth 1,000 kwacha or 500"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. p. A11. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/438803680">438803680</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Bank+notes+that+just+fade+away%3B+Made-in-Canada+flawed+currency+leaves+Zambians+wondering+if+a+bill+is+worth+1%2C000+kwacha+or+500&rft.pages=A11&rft.date=2005-04-24&rft.aulast=Shacinda&rft.aufirst=Shapi&rft.au=Drohan%2C+Madelaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F438803680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZambian+kwacha" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zambian_kwacha&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcoinscatalog.com/zambia">Zambia Coins Catalog</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/banknotes/series/country/4203-Zambia">Online catalog and extensive information on Zambian paper money issues since 1963 from colnect.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colnect.com/en/coins/series/country/2576-Zambia">Online catalog and extensive information on Zambian coinage since 1964 from colnect.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bis-ans-ende-der-welt.net/Sambia-B-En.htm">The banknotes of Zambia</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English and German)</span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0.5em auto; clear: both; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center;"> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Preceded by:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Zambian_pound" title="Zambian pound">Zambian pound</a></b><br /><small><b>Ratio:</b> 2 kwacha = 1 pound</small> </td> <td style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><b>Currency of <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></b> <br />1968 – December 31, 2012 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Succeeded by:<br /><b>Second kwacha</b><br /><small><b>Reason:</b> convenience of exchange</small><br /><small><b>Ratio:</b> 1 second kwacha = 1000 first kwacha</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0.5em auto; clear: both; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center;"> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Preceded by:<br /><b>First kwacha</b><br /><small><b>Ratio:</b> 1 second kwacha = 1000 first kwacha</small> </td> <td style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><b>Currency of <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></b> <br />January 1, 2013 – </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Succeeded by:<br /><b>Current</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="toccolours" style="margin: 0.5em auto; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr><th style="background: #A7C3FF;" colspan="2"> Current ZMW exchange rates</th> </tr><tr> <td>From <a href="/wiki/Google_Finance" title="Google Finance">Google Finance</a>: </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/AUD-ZMW">AUD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/CAD-ZMW">CAD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/CHF-ZMW">CHF</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/CNY-ZMW">CNY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/EUR-ZMW">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/GBP-ZMW">GBP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/HKD-ZMW">HKD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/JPY-ZMW">JPY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/USD-ZMW">USD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/ZAR-ZMW">ZAR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/EUR-ZMW">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/JPY-ZMW">JPY</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>From <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Finance">Yahoo! Finance</a>: </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AUDZMW=X">AUD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/CADZMW=X">CAD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/CHFZMW=X">CHF</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/CNYZMW=X">CNY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/EURZMW=X">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/GBPZMW=X">GBP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/HKDZMW=X">HKD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/JPYZMW=X">JPY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/USDZMW=X">USD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/ZARZMW=X">ZAR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/EURZMW=X">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/JPYZMW=X">JPY</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>From <a href="/wiki/XE.com" title="XE.com">XE.com</a>: </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=AUD&To=ZMW">AUD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=CAD&To=ZMW">CAD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=CHF&To=ZMW">CHF</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=CNY&To=ZMW">CNY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=EUR&To=ZMW">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=GBP&To=ZMW">GBP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=HKD&To=ZMW">HKD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=JPY&To=ZMW">JPY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=ZMW">USD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=ZAR&To=ZMW">ZAR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=EUR&To=ZMW">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=JPY&To=ZMW">JPY</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>From OANDA: </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=AUD&to=ZMW">AUD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=CAD&to=ZMW">CAD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=CHF&to=ZMW">CHF</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=CNY&to=ZMW">CNY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=EUR&to=ZMW">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=GBP&to=ZMW">GBP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=HKD&to=ZMW">HKD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=JPY&to=ZMW">JPY</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=USD&to=ZMW">USD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=ZAR&to=ZMW">ZAR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=EUR&to=ZMW">EUR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oanda.com/currency-converter/en/?amount=1&from=JPY&to=ZMW">JPY</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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kwacha</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banking_in_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banking in Zambia (page does not exist)">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Zambia" title="Bank of Zambia">Bank of Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Zambia" title="Telecommunications in Zambia">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trade_history_of_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trade history of Zambia (page does not exist)">History of Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Zambia" title="Transport in Zambia">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industries:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Zambia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Zambia" title="Tourism in Zambia">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Currencies_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Currencies_of_Africa" title="Template:Currencies of Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Currencies_of_Africa" title="Template talk:Currencies of Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Currencies_of_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Currencies of Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Currencies_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">Currencies</a> of Africa</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_dinar" title="Algerian dinar">Algerian dinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_pound" title="Egyptian pound">Egyptian pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_dinar" title="Libyan dinar">Libyan dinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_ouguiya" title="Mauritanian ouguiya">Mauritanian ouguiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_dirham" title="Moroccan dirham">Moroccan dirham</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_peseta" title="Sahrawi peseta">Sahrawi peseta</a></i> (<i>unrecognized</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_pound" title="Sudanese pound">Sudanese pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_dinar" title="Tunisian dinar">Tunisian dinar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_kwanza" title="Angolan kwanza">Angolan kwanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_franc" title="Burundian franc">Burundian franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">Central African CFA franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_franc" title="Congolese franc">Congolese franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_franc" title="Rwandan franc">Rwandan franc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comorian_franc" title="Comorian franc">Comorian franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian_franc" title="Djiboutian franc">Djiboutian franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_nakfa" title="Eritrean nakfa">Eritrean nakfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_birr" title="Ethiopian birr">Ethiopian birr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_shilling" title="Kenyan shilling">Kenyan shilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_rupee" title="Seychellois rupee">Seychellois rupee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_shilling" title="Somali shilling">Somali shilling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Somaliland_shilling" title="Somaliland shilling">Somaliland shilling</a></i> (<i>unrecognized</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_pound" title="South Sudanese pound">South Sudanese pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_shilling" title="Tanzanian shilling">Tanzanian shilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_shilling" title="Ugandan shilling">Ugandan shilling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_pula" title="Botswana pula">Botswana pula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho_loti" title="Lesotho loti">Lesotho loti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_ariary" title="Malagasy ariary">Malagasy ariary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_kwacha" title="Malawian kwacha">Malawian kwacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_rupee" title="Mauritian rupee">Mauritian rupee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambican_metical" title="Mozambican metical">Mozambican metical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_dollar" title="Namibian dollar">Namibian dollar</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena_pound" title="Saint Helena pound">Saint Helena pound</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_rand" title="South African rand">South African rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swazi_lilangeni" title="Swazi lilangeni">Swazi lilangeni</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Zambian kwacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_ZiG" title="Zimbabwean ZiG">Zimbabwe Gold</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mosi-oa-Tunya_(coin)" title="Mosi-oa-Tunya (coin)">mosi-oa-Tunya</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_escudo" title="Cape Verdean escudo">Cape Verdean escudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_dalasi" title="Gambian dalasi">Gambian dalasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_cedi" title="Ghanaian cedi">Ghanaian cedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinean_franc" title="Guinean franc">Guinean franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_dollar" title="Liberian dollar">Liberian dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_naira" title="Nigerian naira">Nigerian naira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_dobra" title="São Tomé and Príncipe dobra">São Tomé and Príncipe dobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leonean_leone" title="Sierra Leonean leone">Sierra Leonean leone</a></li> <li><a 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