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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Princely, ministerial and noble titles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Princely,_ministerial_and_noble_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_ranks_and_titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_ranks_and_titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Military ranks and titles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_ranks_and_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Emir</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="أمير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أمير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fmir" title="Əmir – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əmir" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0" title="আমির – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আমির" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Әмир (титул) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әмир (титул)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Эмір – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эмір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Эмір – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эмір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Емир – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Емир" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Эмир – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Эмир" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADr" title="Emír – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Emír" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amire" title="Amire – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Amire" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiir" title="Emiir – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Emiir" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BC%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Εμίρης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εμίρης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiro" title="Emiro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Emiro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_(%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="امیر (عنوان) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امیر (عنوان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mir" title="Émir – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Émir" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4" title="아미르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아미르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="अमीर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अमीर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiro" title="Emiro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Emiro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADr" title="Emír – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Emír" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiro" title="Emiro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Emiro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8" title="אמיר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמיר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ამირა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამირა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Әмір – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әмір" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri" title="Amiri – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Amiri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Эмир – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эмир" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiralis" title="Amiralis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Amiralis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C4%ABrs" title="Emīrs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Emīrs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emyras" title="Emyras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Emyras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADr" title="Emír – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Emír" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Емир – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Емир" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emira" title="Emira – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Emira" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BC" title="അമീർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമീർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0" title="अमिर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अमिर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="アミール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アミール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0_(%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80)" title="ਅਮੀਰ (ਪਦਵੀ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਮੀਰ (ਪਦਵੀ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="امیر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="امیر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="امیر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امیر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Эмир – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эмир" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiri" title="Emiri – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Emiri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="امير – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="امير" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ئەمیر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەمیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Емир – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Емир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiiri" title="Emiiri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Emiiri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Амир – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Амир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir_(makam_sahibi)" title="Emir (makam sahibi) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Emir (makam sahibi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Емір – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Емір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="امیر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امیر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94" title="埃米尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="埃米尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE" title="埃米爾 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="埃米爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE" 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Title of high office in the Muslim world</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Emir_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Emir (disambiguation)">Emir (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Amir" redirects here. For the name, see <a href="/wiki/Amir_(name)" title="Amir (name)">Amir (name)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Amir_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Amir (disambiguation)">Amir (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Emir" title="Special:EditPage/Emir">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Emir%22">"Emir"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Emir%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Emir%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Emir%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Emir%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Emir%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg/220px-Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg/330px-Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg/440px-Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg 2x" data-file-width="968" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>The court of the <a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Emirate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> in 1839</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Emir</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near'">ɪər</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near'">ɪər</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near'">ɪər</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أمير</span> <i><span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">ʾamīr</i></span></i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[ʔæˈmiːr]</a></span> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d3\/Q166382-ar.oga\/Q166382-ar.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"listen"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Q166382-ar.oga"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/Q166382-ar.oga/Q166382-ar.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">listen</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Q166382-ar.oga" title="File:Q166382-ar.oga">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>), also <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">transliterated</a> as <b>amir</b>, is a word of <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> origin that can refer to a male <a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">monarch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristocratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristocratic">aristocrat</a>, holder of high-ranking <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a history of use in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. In the modern era, when used as a formal monarchical title, it is roughly synonymous with "<a href="/wiki/Prince" title="Prince">prince</a>", applicable both to a son of a hereditary monarch, and to a reigning monarch of a sovereign <a href="/wiki/Principality" title="Principality">principality</a>, namely an <a href="/wiki/Emirate" title="Emirate">emirate</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">feminine</a> form is <b>emira</b> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أميرة</span></span> <i><span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">ʾamīrah</i></span></i>), with the same meaning as "<a href="/wiki/Princess" title="Princess">princess</a>". </p><p>Prior to its use as a monarchical title, the term "emir" was historically used to denote a "commander", "general", or "leader" (for example, <a href="/wiki/Amir_al-Mu%27min" class="mw-redirect" title="Amir al-Mu'min">Amir al-Mu'min</a>). In contemporary usage, "emir" is also sometimes used as either an honorary or formal title for the head of an Islamic, or Arab (regardless of religion) organisation or movement. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> are the only independent countries which retain the title "emir" for their monarchs. In recent years, the title has been gradually replaced by "king" by contemporary hereditary rulers who wish to emphasize their secular authority under the rule of law. A notable example is <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, whose monarch changed his title from emir to king in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emir&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="amir"></span><i>Amir</i>, meaning "lord" or "<a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</a>", is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> <a href="/wiki/Triconsonantal" class="mw-redirect" title="Triconsonantal">root</a> <i><span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">a-m-r</i></span></i>, "command". Originally simply meaning "commander", it came to be used as a title of leaders, governors, or rulers of smaller states. In modern Arabic the word is analogous to the title "Prince". The word entered <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> in 1593, from the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">émir</i></span></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was one of the titles or names of the <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamic</a> prophet <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Princely,_ministerial_and_noble_titles"><span id="Princely.2C_ministerial_and_noble_titles"></span>Princely, ministerial and noble titles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emir&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Princely, ministerial and noble titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg/220px-Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg/330px-Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg/440px-Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kano_Emirate_Council" title="Kano Emirate Council">Emir of Kano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanusi_Lamido_Sanusi" title="Sanusi Lamido Sanusi">Sanusi Lamido Sanusi</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png/220px-Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png/330px-Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png/440px-Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png 2x" data-file-width="3307" data-file-height="2859" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Alim_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Alim Khan">Mohammed Alim Khan</a>, Emir of <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Bukhara" title="Emirate of Bukhara">Bukhara</a>, taken in 1911 by <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky" title="Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky">Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The monarchs of <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> are currently titled emir.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>All members of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Saud" title="House of Saud">House of Saud</a> have the title of <i>emir</i> (prince).<sup id="cite_ref-Sheikh_to_Chic_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sheikh_to_Chic-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-web.archive.org_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-web.archive.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Family_Tree_datarabia_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Family_Tree_datarabia-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">caliphs</a> first used the title <i><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-Muminin" class="mw-redirect" title="Amir al-Muminin">Amir al-Muminin</a></i> or "Commander of the Faithful", stressing their leadership over the Islamic empire, especially over the militia. The title has been assumed by various other <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> rulers, including sultans and emirs. For <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> Muslims, they still give this title to the Caliph <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a> as <i>Amir al-Muminin</i>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Abbasid" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasid">Abbasid</a> (in theory still universal) Caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Radi" title="Al-Radi">Al-Radi</a> created the post of <i><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-Umara" class="mw-redirect" title="Amir al-Umara">Amir al-Umara</a></i> ("Amir of the Amirs") for <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Raik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Raik">Ibn Raik</a>; the title was used in various Islamic monarchies; see below for military use. In Iraq, the direct descendants of previous Emirs from the largest tribes who ruled the kingdoms before modern statehood, use the title of Sheikh or Prince as the progeny of royalty.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Formerly in <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, the ruling emir formally used the style <i>al-Amir al-<a href="/wiki/Hakim_(title)" title="Hakim (title)">Hakim</a></i>, specifying it was still the ruler's title. The title was held by <a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> as well.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The word <i>emir</i> is also used less formally for leaders in certain contexts. For example, the leader of a group of <i>pilgrims</i> to <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> is called an <i>emir hadji</i>, a title sometimes used by ruling princes (as a mark of Muslim piety) which is sometimes awarded in their name. Where an adjectival form is necessary, "emiral" suffices.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><i>Amirzade</i>, the son (hence the Persian patronymic suffix <i>-zade</i>) of a prince, hence the Persian princely title <i><a href="/wiki/Mirza_(noble)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirza (noble)">mirza</a></i>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_traditional_rulers" title="Nigerian traditional rulers">traditional rulers</a> of the predominantly Muslim northern regions of <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> are known as emirs, while the titular sovereign of their now defunct empire is formally styled as the <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Sokoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan of Sokoto">Sultan of Sokoto</a>, Amir-al-Muminin (or <i>Sarkin Musulmi</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa language</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The temporal leader of the <a href="/wiki/Yazidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yazidi">Yazidi</a> people is known as an emir or prince.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> under the government of the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> is officially an emirate, with the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan">leader</a> of the Taliban bearing the title <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-Mu%27minin" title="Amir al-Mu'minin">Amir al-Mu'minin</a></i></span>.</li> <li><i>Amīr al-Baḥr</i> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أمير البحر</span></span>, "commander of the sea"), a position in the <a href="/wiki/Fatimid_navy" title="Fatimid navy">Fatimid navy</a>, is frequently <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">mistaken</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Etymological" class="mw-redirect" title="Etymological">etymological</a> origin of the English <i><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a></i>, the French <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Amiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Amiral">amiral</a></i></span></i>, and similar terms in other European languages.<sup id="cite_ref-oed_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The titles actually derive solely from <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a> forms of emir itself,<sup id="cite_ref-oed_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> originally in reference to the "<a href="/wiki/Amir_al-umara" title="Amir al-umara">amirs al-umara</a>" of <a href="/wiki/Norman_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Sicily">Norman Sicily</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_ranks_and_titles">Military ranks and titles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emir&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Military ranks and titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Amir_(Iranian_Army)" title="Amir (Iranian Army)">Amir (Iranian Army)</a></div> <p>From the start, <i>emir</i> has been a military title. In the 9th century the term was used to denote a ruler of a state i.e. <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirate of Sicily">Emirate of Sicily</a>. </p><p>In certain decimally-organized Muslim armies, Amir was an officer rank. For example, in <a href="/wiki/Mughal_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal India">Mughal India</a>, the Amirs commanded 1000 horsemen (divided into ten units, each under a <a href="/wiki/Sipah_salar" class="mw-redirect" title="Sipah salar">sipah salar</a>), ten of them under one <a href="/wiki/Malik" title="Malik">malik</a>. In the imperial army of <a href="/wiki/Qajar" class="mw-redirect" title="Qajar">Qajar</a> Persia: </p> <ul><li><i>Amir-i-Nuyan</i></li> <li><i>Amir Panj</i>, "Commander of 5,000"</li> <li><i>Amir-i-Tuman</i>, "Commander of 10,000"</li></ul> <p>The following posts referred to "amir" under medieval Muslim states include: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-umara" title="Amir al-umara">Amir al-umara</a></i>, "Amir of Amirs" (cfr. supra) or 'Commander of Commanders'</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-hajj" title="Amir al-hajj">Amir al-hajj</a></i>, "Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> [caravan]"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amir_al-%CA%BFarab" title="Amir al-ʿarab">Amir al-ʿarab</a></i>, "Commander of the Arabs [Bedouin tribes]"</li></ul> <p>In the former <a href="/wiki/History_of_Afghanistan" title="History of Afghanistan">Kingdom of Afghanistan</a>, <i>Amir-i-Kabir</i> was a title meaning "great prince" or "great commander". </p><p><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Amin_Bughra" title="Muhammad Amin Bughra">Muhammad Amin Bughra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nur_Ahmad_Jan_Bughra" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra">Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Bughra" title="Abdullah Bughra">Abdullah Bughra</a> declared themselves emirs of the <a href="/wiki/First_East_Turkestan_Republic" title="First East Turkestan Republic">First East Turkestan Republic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emir&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Amir is a masculine name in the <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian language</a> and a prefix name for many masculine names such as Amir Ali, Amir Abbas.</li> <li>Amir-i-Iel designates the head of an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Il_(tribe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Il (tribe) (page does not exist)">Il</a> (tribe) in imperial Persia.</li> <li>The masculine <i>Amir</i> and feminine <i>Amira</i> are <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic-language</a> names common among both Arabs regardless of religion and Muslims regardless of ethnicity, much as Latin <i>Rex</i> and <i>Regina</i> ("king" and "queen", respectively) are common in the Western world. In <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, the female name Emira, often interpreted as "princess", is a derivative of the male name Emir.</li> <li>The masculine <i>Amir</i> and feminine <i>Amira</i> are <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew-language</a> names that are relatively common in Israel. In Hebrew the word can also mean "bundle of grain" or "treetop" depending on the spelling.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emir&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">Bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">Caliph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammira_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hammira (disambiguation)">Hammira (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">Imam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_(title)" title="Mir (title)">Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_(noble)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirza (noble)">Mirza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padishah" title="Padishah">Padishah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasha" title="Pasha">Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince" title="Prince">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rana_(title)" title="Rana (title)">Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid" title="Sayyid">Sayyid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh" title="Sheikh">Sheikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vizier" title="Vizier">Vizier</a></li></ul> </div> <dl><dt>Specific emirates of note</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emirs_of_Harar" class="mw-redirect" title="List of emirs of Harar">List of emirs of Harar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emirs_of_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="List of emirs of Kuwait">List of emirs of Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emirs_of_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="List of emirs of Qatar">List of emirs of Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emirs_of_Mosul" class="mw-redirect" title="List of emirs of Mosul">List of emirs of Mosul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Afghanistan" title="Emirate of Afghanistan">Emirate of Afghanistan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emir&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=datarabia.com&rft.atitle=Family+Tree&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.datarabia.com%2Froyals%2Ffamilytree.do&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowell2015" class="citation book cs1">Howell, Georgina (15 January 2015). <i>Queen of The Desert: The Extraordinary Life of Gertrude Bell</i>. Pan Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781447286264" title="Special:BookSources/9781447286264"><bdi>9781447286264</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Queen+of+The+Desert%3A+The+Extraordinary+Life+of+Gertrude+Bell&rft.pub=Pan+Books&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft.isbn=9781447286264&rft.aulast=Howell&rft.aufirst=Georgina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBatatu1978" class="citation book cs1">Batatu, Hanna (1978). <i>The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq: A Study of Iraq's Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of its Communists, Ba'thists and Free Officers</i>. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Old+Social+Classes+and+the+Revolutionary+Movements+of+Iraq%3A+A+Study+of+Iraq%27s+Old+Landed+and+Commercial+Classes+and+of+its+Communists%2C+Ba%27thists+and+Free+Officers&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Batatu&rft.aufirst=Hanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oed_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oed_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/dictionary/admiral_n">"admiral, <i>n.</i>"</a>, <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i>, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=admiral%2C+n.&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fdictionary%2Fadmiral_n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmir" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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