CINXE.COM
Middle East & Islamic Studies Collection – Kroch Library Asia Collections
<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="57x57" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="60x60" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/favicon-196x196.png" sizes="196x196" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/favicon/favicon-128.png" sizes="128x128" /> <meta name="application-name" content=" " /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#FFFFFF" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="mstile-144x144.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="mstile-70x70.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="mstile-150x150.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="mstile-310x150.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="mstile-310x310.png" /> <title>Middle East & Islamic Studies Collection – Kroch Library Asia Collections</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//asia.library.cornell.edu' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.typekit.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Kroch Library Asia Collections » Feed" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Kroch Library Asia Collections » Comments Feed" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/comments/feed/" /> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by ExactMetrics plugin v8.0.1 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.exactmetrics.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-KW31PRREN2" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false"> var em_version = '8.0.1'; var em_track_user = true; var em_no_track_reason = ''; var ExactMetricsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/middle-east\/"}; if ( typeof ExactMetricsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var ExactMetricsLocations = (typeof ExactMetricsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? ExactMetricsPrivacyGuardFilter( ExactMetricsExcludeQuery ) : ExactMetricsPrivacyGuardFilter( ExactMetricsDefaultLocations ); } else { var ExactMetricsLocations = (typeof ExactMetricsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? ExactMetricsExcludeQuery : ExactMetricsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-KW31PRREN2', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.ExactMetricsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (em_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = exactmetrics_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof ExactMetricsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { ExactMetricsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dNDMyYj': true, }); if ( ExactMetricsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', ExactMetricsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-KW31PRREN2', {"forceSSL":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script> <!-- / Google Analytics by ExactMetrics --> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.5.5"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cu_ares_tablesorter_skin-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/ares_wordpress-master/table_skins/cu/ares-table-cu-style.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-libcal-hours-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-libcal-hours/public/css/wp-libcal-hours-public.css?ver=2.1.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='euis-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/unlimited-elementor-inner-sections-by-taspristudio/public/css/euis-public.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='chld_thm_cfg_parent-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/style.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='custom-styling-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu-child/style.css?ver=1.0.0.1556303584' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='freight_font-css' href='https://use.typekit.net/vcl4exk.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='slick-css -css' href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@accessible360/accessible-slick@1.0.1/slick/slick.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='slick-css-theme -css' href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@accessible360/accessible-slick@1.0.1/slick/accessible-slick-theme.min.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='slick-css-init-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/accessible-slick/init.css?ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-style-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu-child/style.css?ver=1.0.0.1556303584' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='simple-social-icons-font-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/css/style.css?ver=3.0.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/eicons/css/elementor-icons.min.css?ver=5.30.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-frontend-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=3.23.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='swiper-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/swiper/v8/css/swiper.min.css?ver=8.4.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-788-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-788.css?ver=1708538350' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-pro-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=3.23.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-5-all-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/all.min.css?ver=3.23.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-4-shim-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/v4-shims.min.css?ver=3.23.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-38151-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-38151.css?ver=1708546670' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/all.css?ver=2.0.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/v4-shims.css?ver=2.0.3' media='all' /> <style id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-inline-css'> @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); unicode-range: U+F004-F005,U+F007,U+F017,U+F022,U+F024,U+F02E,U+F03E,U+F044,U+F057-F059,U+F06E,U+F070,U+F075,U+F07B-F07C,U+F080,U+F086,U+F089,U+F094,U+F09D,U+F0A0,U+F0A4-F0A7,U+F0C5,U+F0C7-F0C8,U+F0E0,U+F0EB,U+F0F3,U+F0F8,U+F0FE,U+F111,U+F118-F11A,U+F11C,U+F133,U+F144,U+F146,U+F14A,U+F14D-F14E,U+F150-F152,U+F15B-F15C,U+F164-F165,U+F185-F186,U+F191-F192,U+F1AD,U+F1C1-F1C9,U+F1CD,U+F1D8,U+F1E3,U+F1EA,U+F1F6,U+F1F9,U+F20A,U+F247-F249,U+F24D,U+F254-F25B,U+F25D,U+F267,U+F271-F274,U+F279,U+F28B,U+F28D,U+F2B5-F2B6,U+F2B9,U+F2BB,U+F2BD,U+F2C1-F2C2,U+F2D0,U+F2D2,U+F2DC,U+F2ED,U+F328,U+F358-F35B,U+F3A5,U+F3D1,U+F410,U+F4AD; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-1-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2C400%2C400italic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic%7CRoboto+Slab%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2C400%2C400italic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic&display=auto&ver=6.5.5' media='all' /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" crossorigin><script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-dashboard-for-wp/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=8.0.1" id="exactmetrics-frontend-script-js"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" id='exactmetrics-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var exactmetrics_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"zip,mp3,mpeg,pdf,docx,pptx,xlsx,rar","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-KW31PRREN2"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script id="cu_ares_js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var my_ajax_obj = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"f607740625"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/ares_wordpress-master/js/ares.js?ver=6.5.5" id="cu_ares_js-js"></script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/ares_wordpress-master/js/jquery.tablesorter.min.js?ver=6.5.5" id="cu_ares_tableshorter_js-js"></script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-libcal-hours/public/js/wp-libcal-hours-public.js?ver=2.1.5" id="wp-libcal-hours-js"></script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/unlimited-elementor-inner-sections-by-taspristudio/public/js/euis-public.js?ver=1.0.0" id="euis-js"></script> <script src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/js/v4-shims.min.js?ver=3.23.4" id="font-awesome-4-shim-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/38151" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.5.5" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/middle-east/" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/?p=38151' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.library.cornell.edu%2Fmiddle-east%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.library.cornell.edu%2Fmiddle-east%2F&format=xml" /> <style> .ae_data .elementor-editor-element-setting { display:none !important; } </style> <style> .card { padding: 20px !important; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 0; margin-bottom: 20px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word; } .card .database-metadata p, .card .faq-metadata p { margin: 0; } .card .database-metadata .description, .card .faq-metadata .description, .card .database-metadata .more, .card .faq-metadata .more { margin-bottom: 20px; } .card .database-metadata button, .card .faq-metadata button, .database_metadata button { margin: 0 0 20px 0; padding: 15px 15px; font-size: 1rem; color: #fff; border: none; background-color: #017DB2; } .card .database-metadata button:hover, .card .faq-metadata button:hover, .database_metadata button:hover { font-size: 1rem; color: #fff; border: none; background-color: #333; cursor: pointer; } .card .list_last { margin-bottom: 20px; } .facetwp-per-page-select, .facetwp-sort-select { color: #004f80; border-color: #ccc; margin: 0; background-color: #fff; width: 100%; height: 35px; border-radius: 0; } .facetwp-counts { vertical-align: middle; padding-top: 7px; } .facetwp-page { text-align: center; } .facetwp-pager .facetwp-page { border: 1px solid #ccc; margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; } .facetwp-pager .facetwp-page.active, .facetwp-pager .facetwp-page.active:hover, .facetwp-pager .facetwp-page:hover { border: 1px solid #004f80; background-color: #004f80; color: #fff !important; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; } .facetwp-page:first-child { border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; } .facetwp-page:last-child { border-top-right-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; } .search-facets .elementor-widget:not(:last-child) { margin-bottom: 0; } .search-facets .elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title { border-bottom: 0; } .search-facets .elementor-widget-toggle .elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active { border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; } .search-facets .elementor-widget-toggle .elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title:not(first-child) { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; } .search-facets .elementor-widget-toggle .elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content { border-bottom: 0; padding-left: 15px } .search-facets .facetwp-counter { position: absolute; right: 15px; text-align: right; } .search-facets .facetwp-facet { margin-bottom: 0; } .search-facets .facetwp-checkbox { background: none; padding-left: 0; color: #004f80; } .search-facets .facetwp-checkbox:hover, .search-facets .facetwp-checkbox:focus { text-decoration: underline; color: #333; } .facet-wrapper .elementor-column-wrap { padding: 0 !important; } .search-facets .facetwp-checkbox.checked { color: #333 !important; background-image: none; } .search-facets .facetwp-checkbox.checked:before { content: 'x'; color: #d9534f; font-weight: bold; padding-right: 7px; } .facetwp-sort-select { width: 100%; height: 35px; background-color: #fff; } .elementor-element.elementor-button-danger { text-align: center; border-top: 1px solid #ddd } .elementor-element.elementor-button-danger .elementor-button { color: #d9534f; background-color: #fff; border: none; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; margin: 10px; } .elementor-element.elementor-button-danger .elementor-button:hover, .elementor-element.elementor-button-danger .elementor-button:focus { text-decoration: underline; border: none; cursor: pointer; } .elementor-element.elementor-button-danger.clear-all { border-top: 0; text-align: left; } .elementor-element.elementor-button-danger.clear-all .elementor-button { text-align: left; padding: 0; } .single-post .metadata-title, .single-post .note { font-size: 16px; margin: 20px 0 0 0; } .single-post .tags { margin-top: 20px; } .single-post .metadata-title.description { margin: 0; } .single-post p { margin: 0; font-size: 16px; } .single-post .database_metadata .topic-tag:after { content: ', ' } .single-post .database_metadata .topic-tag:last-child:after { content: '' } .database_metadata .fa, button .fa { padding: 0 7px; } .database_metadata ul { margin-left: 0; padding-left: 0; } .database_metadata li { list-style-type: none; } footer .footer__nav li:last-child { border-right: 0; } .staff.card { width: 282px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin: 0.5%; padding: 0; font-family: 'Raleway', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; } .staff.card .card-img { width: 280px; overflow: hidden; max-height: 280px; } .staff.card .card-img-top { width: 100%; } .staff.card .card-title { font-size: 1.3rem; font-family: 'Raleway', sans-serif; } .staff.card h3 { font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Raleway', sans-serif; } .staff.card .card-text { padding: 0 20px; } .core-book, .core-book-country { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .core-book .card { padding: 20px; width: 260px; float: left; margin: 10px; } .core-book .cover { margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; max-width: 128px; } .core-book-country .card { padding: 20px; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px; } .core-book-country .card-body { width: 70%; float: left; padding: 0 15px; } .core-book-country .cover { width: 20%; float: left; } #main-content .heading-white h2, #main-content .heading-white h3, #main-content .heading-white h4, #main-content .heading-white h5 { color: #fff !important; } input[type="button"].mailgun-list-submit-button { color: #fff; background-color: #017ABC; border-radius: 0; font-size: 16px; border: none; } input[type="button"].mailgun-list-submit-button:hover { background-color: #000; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: underline; } .countries .card { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; } .core-book-country .description p { font-size: 1em !important; } ul.rss-aggregator { margin: 0; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } </style> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('.elementor-tabs').on('click', '.elementor-tab-title', function(){ hotspots.init(); }); }); (function($) { $(document).on('facetwp-loaded', function() { if (FWP.loaded) { $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $('.facetwp-template').offset().top }, 500); } }); })(jQuery); </script> <meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.23.4; features: additional_custom_breakpoints, e_lazyload; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-auto"> <style>.recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}</style> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <style id="kirki-inline-styles"></style> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/8ec932d54d.js"></script> <!-- Isotope Library --> <script src="https://unpkg.com/isotope-layout@3/dist/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script> <!-- Image Loader Library --> <script src='https://imagesloaded.desandro.com/imagesloaded.pkgd.js'></script> </head> <!-- Declare variables for theme options--> <!-- Use Kirki to handle customizer --> <style> .hero__content .all-libraries { background-color: #2b654e; } .hero__content .home-header, .heading-highlight { background-color: #2b654e; } .hero__content.interior-pages .college { background-color: #2b654e; } .bg-header { background-color: #fff, #fff; background-image: url('https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/hero/header-bg-margin.svg'), url('/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/homepage-wason-korea-1.jpg'); background-repeat: repeat-x, no-repeat; background-position: top left, top left; background-size: auto, cover; } @media only screen and (min-width: 640px) { .bg-header { background-image: url('https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/hero/header-bg-margin.svg'), url('/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/homepage-wason-korea-1.jpg'); } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1440px) { .bg-header { background-image: url('https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/images/hero/header-bg-margin.svg'), url('/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/homepage-wason-korea-1.jpg'); } } </style> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-38151 page-parent elementor-default elementor-kit-788 elementor-page elementor-page-38151" <nav aria-label="Skip to content"><a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#main-content">Skip to content</a></nav> <!-- announcemnet banner --> <style> #announcement-banner { background-color: #42526e; } #announcement-banner, #announcement-banner p, #announcement-banner a, #announcement-banner .close-announcement { color: #ffffff; } </style> <!-- header --> <header class="branding"> <!-- logo --> <div class="logo-cul"> <div class="cornell-logo"> <a href="https://www.cornell.edu" class="insignia" title="Cornell University homepage">Cornell University</a> <a class="library-brand" href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/" title="Cornell University Library homepage">Cornell University Library</a> </div> </div><!-- /logo --> <!-- nav --> <nav class="user-tools" aria-label="My account and Search menu"> <ul> <!--<li><a href="#"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a></li>--> <li><a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/myacct" title="My account"><i class="fas fa-user" aria-hidden="true"><span class="sr-only">My account</span></i></a></li> <li><button class="icon-search" title="Search"><i class="fas fa-search" aria-hidden="true"><span class="sr-only">Search site and Catalog</span></i></button></li> </ul> </nav> </header> <div role="banner" class="easy-notification-banner"> </div> <form class="user-tool-search" role="search" aria-label="Search catalog and site" method="get" action="/"> <div class="search-field"> <label for="search">Search</label> <input type="text" id="search" aria-label="Search Overlay" value="" /> <fieldset class="search-filter"> <legend class="sr-only">Filter Search</legend> <div class="search-library-resources"><input type="radio" name="search-type" value="catalog" id="catalog" aria-label="Search Overlay Catalog Filter" checked /> <label for="catalog">Library Resources</label></div> <div class="search-library-unit"><input class="site-search" type="radio" name="search-type" value="site" id="site" aria-label="Search Overlay Site Filter" /> <label for="site">This site</label></div> </fieldset> </div> <button class="btn-submit" type="submit">Search</button> <button class="btn-close-search">Close</button> </form> <!-- header --> <section class="hero__content interior-pages bg-header " aria-label="Hero header"> <div class="all-libraries" role="region" aria-label="All library websites and hours, and ask a librarian links"> <a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/libraries"><span><i class="fas fa-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> Libraries and Hours</span></a> <a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/ask"><span><i class="far fa-comment-alt" aria-hidden="true"></i> Ask a Librarian</span></a> </div> <div class="college" role="region" aria-label="College site"> </div> <div class="home-header" role="region" aria-label="Unit library header"> <div class="subheader"> <h1><a href="/">Kroch Library Asia Collections</a> </h1> <!-- Display hours status --> <div class="available-time"> <div class="primary-hours"> <span id="header-hours-2818" class="library"><i class="fas fa-clock icon-time" aria-hidden="true"><span class="sr-only">Library hours status</span></i><span class="libcal-unit-name"><strong>Olin: </strong></span><span class="libcal-hours-today">Open until Midnight</span></span> - <a class="full-hours" href="/full-hours">Full Hours</a> / <a href="mailto:asiaref@cornell.edu" title="Contact us"> <i class="fas fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"><span class="sr-only">Contact us</span></i> </a> </div> <div class="secondary-hours"> </div> </div> </div> <form class="home-search" role="search" method="get" action="/" aria-label="Home search"> <div class="search-field"> <label for="home-search">Search</label> <input type="text" id="home-search" aria-label="Home Search" value="" name="s" /> <fieldset class="search-filter"> <legend class="sr-only">Filter Search</legend> <div class="search-library-resources"><input type="radio" name="search-type-home" value="catalog" id="home-catalog" aria-label="Search Homepage Catalog Filter" checked /> <label for="home-catalog">Library Resources</label> </div> <div class="search-library-unit"><input class="site-search" type="radio" name="search-type-home" value="site" aria-label="Searh Homepage Site Filter" id="search-type-home" /> <label for="search-type-home">This site</label> </div> </fieldset> </div> <button class="btn-submit" type="submit">Search</button> <div></div> </form> </div> </section> <!-- #site-navigation --> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation" aria-label="Main navigation"> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false" title="Main Navigation" ><i class="fas fa-bars" aria-hidden="true"><span class="screen-reader-text">Main Navigation</span></i></button> <div class="menu-main-menu-container"><ul id="primary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-59" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-59"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-73" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-73"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/about/">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-756" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-756"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/staff-profiles/">Staff Profiles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-757" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-757"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/full-hours/">Kroch Library Hours</a></li> <li id="menu-item-742" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-742"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/directions/">Directions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-745" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-745"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/history-of-kroch-library/">History of Kroch Library</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-724" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-724"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/collections/">Collections</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-140001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-140001"><a href="/wason/">East Asia (Wason)</a></li> <li id="menu-item-140002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-140002"><a href="/echols/">Southeast Asia (Echols)</a></li> <li id="menu-item-140003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-140003"><a href="/south-asia/">South Asia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-40601" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-38151 current_page_item menu-item-40601"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/middle-east/" aria-current="page">Middle East & Islamic Studies</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-752" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-752"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/use-the-library/">Use the Library</a></li> <li id="menu-item-4070" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-4070"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/resources/">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-729" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-729"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/databases/">Databases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-8021" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8021"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/books/">Recommended Books</a></li> <li id="menu-item-19474" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19474"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/book-chapters/">Book Chapters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-8178" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8178"><a href="http://guides.library.cornell.edu/sb.php?subject_id=88065">Library/Subject Guides</a></li> <li id="menu-item-8192" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8192"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/other-resources/">Other Resources</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-75" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-75"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/services/">Services</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-759" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-759"><a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/services/borrow">Circulation Services</a></li> <li id="menu-item-760" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-760"><a href="https://olinuris.library.cornell.edu/equipment">Laptop & Equipment Loans</a></li> <li id="menu-item-761" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-761"><a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/services/request/borrow-direct">Borrow Direct</a></li> <li id="menu-item-762" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-762"><a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/services/request/interlibrary-loan">Interlibrary Loan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-8096" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8096"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/lockers/">Lockers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-763" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-763"><a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/international">Help for International Students</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-7837" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7837"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/events/">Events</a></li> </ul></div> </nav><!-- #site-navigation --> <main id="main-content" class="page-interior"> <article id="post-38151" class="post-38151 page type-page status-publish hentry" aria-label="Middle East & Islamic Studies Collection"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title">Middle East & Islamic Studies Collection</h2> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="38151" class="elementor elementor-38151" data-elementor-post-type="page"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fb7e0f4 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="fb7e0f4" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cfd0185" data-id="cfd0185" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-54ffccc elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer" data-id="54ffccc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="spacer.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-spacer"> <div class="elementor-spacer-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3858c8e9 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="3858c8e9" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6295c1e0" data-id="6295c1e0" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-17ef2de elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="17ef2de" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="375" height="185" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/middle-east-1.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-38270" alt="Middle East & Islam" srcset="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/middle-east-1.png 375w, https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/middle-east-1-300x148.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-624b30b" data-id="624b30b" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c6b34cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c6b34cf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About the Collection</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ba9ad14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ba9ad14" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>The beginnings聽of the Cornell University Library’s collections on the Near East, like the beginnings of the Library itself, predate the October 8, 1868, opening of the University. Two years earlier, in the聽<em>Report of the Committee on Organization, October 21, 1866</em> (Albany, 1867), Andrew D. White had discussed in thoughtful detail aims and methods for the formation of a library for the proposed university. The methods included the submission of booklists by faculty members, the checking of publishers’ and booksellers’ catalogs, and “the purchase wholly, or in part, of carefully gathered special collections of private individuals.”</p><p><a href="/middle-east/about-the-collection/">Read more about the collection</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-145d1260 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="145d1260" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-74d89e73" data-id="74d89e73" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-307e73b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer" data-id="307e73b1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="spacer.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-spacer"> <div class="elementor-spacer-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a597934 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="4a597934" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4fc7c8ff" data-id="4fc7c8ff" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a62a238 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7a62a238" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Resources</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fc0c865 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="fc0c865" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul><li><a href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/c.php?g=139196&p=3545394">Academic Journals</a></li><li><a href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/MideastIslamStudies/BackgroundSources">Background聽 & General Sources</a></li><li><a href="http://guides.library.cornell.edu/MideastIslamDatabases">Databases for Research</a></li><li><a href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/MideastIslamStudies/PrimarySources">Primary Sources and Government Documents</a></li><li><a href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/c.php?g=1023249&p=7415999">Specialized Subject Encyclopedias & Dictionaries</a></li><li><a href="/middle-east/dissertations-theses/">Dissertation Abstracts</a></li><li><a href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/c.php?g=139196&p=6648826">Manuscripts & Archives</a></li><li><a href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/c.php?g=1023249&p=7416089">News Sources (Current & Historical)</a></li><li><a href="http://guides.library.cornell.edu/MideastIslamStudies/Statistics">Statistics</a></li><li><a href="https://blogs.cornell.edu/mideastlibrarian/">Middle East & Islamic Studies Collections Blog</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1443cb9d" data-id="1443cb9d" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6348642c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="6348642c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Guides</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2d95c695 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2d95c695" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul><li><a class="bold" href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/ArabicLiterature">Arabic Literature 丕賱兀丿亘 丕賱毓乇亘賷</a></li><li><a href="http://guides.library.cornell.edu/MideastIslamStudies/Home">Middle East & Islamic Studies: a Research Guide</a>聽</li><li><a class="bold" href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/IslamWomen">Women in Islam and Muslim Realms</a></li><li><a class="bold" href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/IslamSoutheastAsia">Islam in Southeast Asia</a></li><li><a href="http://guides.library.cornell.edu/MidEastCinema">Middle Eastern & North African Cinema & Film</a></li><li><a class="bold" href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/turkishottoman">Turkish and Ottoman Studies Research Guide</a></li><li><a class="bold" href="https://guides.library.cornell.edu/arab_spring">Arab Spring: A Research & Study Guide * 丕賱乇亘賷毓 丕賱毓乇亘賷</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2493ace" data-id="2493ace" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3b4edb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="3b4edb7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">New Books</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4675cdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode" data-id="4675cdf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="shortcode.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-shortcode"><div class="wp-rss-template-container" data-wpra-template="new-books" data-template-ctx="eyJmZWVkcyI6Im1pZGRsZS1lYXN0LW5ldy1ib29rcyIsInRlbXBsYXRlIjoibmV3LWJvb2tzIiwiaXRlbXMiOnt9fQ=="> <div class="wp-rss-aggregator wpra-list-template " data-page="1"> <ul class="wpra-item-list rss-aggregator " start="1"> <li class="wpra-item feed-item "> <a href="https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/16019478" class="">Likha rondalya : original works and arrangements for rondalla</a> <div class="wprss-feed-meta"> </div> </li> <li class="wpra-item feed-item "> <a href="https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/15715642" class="">Looking West : the rise of Asia in the Middle East</a> <div class="wprss-feed-meta"> </div> </li> <li class="wpra-item feed-item "> <a href="https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/15963546" class="">Ch奴t艒 hyakunen funs艒 : Paresuchina to sh奴ky艒 nashonarizumu</a> <div class="wprss-feed-meta"> </div> </li> <li class="wpra-item feed-item "> <a href="https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/15532428" class="">Sejarah Timur Tengah : (Asia Barat Daya)</a> <div class="wprss-feed-meta"> </div> </li> <li class="wpra-item feed-item "> <a href="https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/15715186" class="">The transnationality of the secular : travelling ideas and shared practices of secularism in decolonising South and Southeast Asia</a> <div class="wprss-feed-meta"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ba5b495 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ba5b495" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><a href="https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog?utf8=%E2%9C%93&f%5Bacquired_dt_query%5D%5B%5D=last_1_month&f%5Blocation%5D%5B%5D=Olin+Library&mm=1&y=East+Asia&q=Middle+East&search_field=all_fields">View all Middle East new books >></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div><!-- .entry-content --> </article><!-- #post-38151 --> </main><!-- #main --> <footer> <div class="footer__nav"> <div class="all-libraries"> <a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/libraries"> <span class="fa fa-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Libraries and Hours </a> | <a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/ask"> Ask a Librarian </a> </div> <nav aria-label="footer navigation"> <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul id="footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-140000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-140000"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-753" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-753"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/collections/">Collections</a></li> <li id="menu-item-755" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-755"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/use-the-library/">Use the Library</a></li> <li id="menu-item-8090" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8090"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/resources/">Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-273" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-273"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/services/">Services</a></li> <li id="menu-item-8089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8089"><a href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/events/">Events</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </div> <!-- Declare variables for theme options--> <!-- Use Kirki to handle customizer --> <address class="library"> <div class="container"> <div class="c-1"> <p>CONTACT</p> <p><strong>Kroch Library Asia Collections</strong><br> 180 Kroch Library<br> Ithaca, NY 14853 <a class="icon-map" href="https://goo.gl/maps/YSB3fWWMkAyHMLAS8" title="Library Location"> <i class="fas fa-map-marker-alt" aria-hidden="true"><span class="sr-only">Kroch Library Asia Collections Library Location</span></i></a> </p> <div class="widget-social-media"> <div id="simple-social-icons-2" class="widget simple-social-icons"><ul class="alignleft"><li class="ssi-facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/cornelluniversitylibrary/" ><svg role="img" class="social-facebook" aria-labelledby="social-facebook-2"><title id="social-facebook-2">Facebook</title><use xlink:href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/symbol-defs.svg#social-facebook"></use></svg></a></li><li class="ssi-instagram"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/cornell_library/" ><svg role="img" class="social-instagram" aria-labelledby="social-instagram-2"><title id="social-instagram-2">Instagram</title><use xlink:href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/symbol-defs.svg#social-instagram"></use></svg></a></li><li class="ssi-twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/Cornell_Library" ><svg role="img" class="social-twitter" aria-labelledby="social-twitter-2"><title id="social-twitter-2">Twitter</title><use xlink:href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/symbol-defs.svg#social-twitter"></use></svg></a></li><li class="ssi-youtube"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/cornelllibrary" ><svg role="img" class="social-youtube" aria-labelledby="social-youtube-2"><title id="social-youtube-2">YouTube</title><use xlink:href="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/symbol-defs.svg#social-youtube"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="c-2"> <p>Phone: 607-255-8199</p> <p>Email: <a href="mailto:asiaref@cornell.edu">asiaref@cornell.edu</a></p> </div> </div> </address> <address class="cornell"> <p>漏2024 Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY 14853 | 607-255-4144 | <a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/privacy"><strong>Privacy</strong></a> | <a href="https://www.library.cornell.edu/web-accessibility"><strong>Web Accessibility Assistance</strong></a> | <a href="/admin"><strong>Staff Login</strong></a></p> </address> <p class="feedback"> <a class="btn-graphic" href="https://cornell.libwizard.com/f/feedback?&4589755=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.library.cornell.edu%2Fmiddle-east%2F">FEEDBACK</a> <a class="btn-graphic" href="https://alumni.library.cornell.edu/give-library/">GIVE TO THE LIBRARY <i class="fas fa-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </p> </footer> <style type="text/css" media="screen"></style> <script type='text/javascript'> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='colorbox-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/css/colorbox.css?ver=1.4.33' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpra-list-template-styles-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/css/templates/list/styles.css?ver=4.23.12' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpra-pagination-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/css/build/pagination.min.css?ver=4.23.12' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='culu-print-style-css' href='https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu-child/sass/print/print.css?ver=1.0.0.1556303584' media='print' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/navigation.js?ver=20151215" id="culu-navigation-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/search.js?ver=20151215" id="culu-search-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/skip-link-focus-fix.js?ver=20151215" id="culu-skip-link-focus-fix-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/facetwp.js?ver=20151299" id="facetwp-pagination-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@accessible360/accessible-slick@1.0.1/slick/slick.min.js" id="accessible-slick-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/accessible-slick/init.js" id="accessible-slick-init-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/isotope.js" id="isotope-init-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/notifications.js?ver=20200317" id="culu-notifications-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/themes/culu/js/announcement-banner.js?ver=20220203" id="culu-announcement-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/js/jquery.colorbox-min.js?ver=6.5.5" id="jquery.colorbox-min-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/js/custom.js?ver=6.5.5" id="wprss_custom-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/js/build/wpra-manifest.min.js?ver=4.23.12" id="wpra-manifest-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpra-pagination-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WpraPagination = {"baseUri":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp-json\/wpra\/v1\/templates\/%s\/render\/","scrollOnPageLoad":"1","scrollDuration":"500"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-rss-aggregator/js/build/pagination.min.js?ver=4.23.12" id="wpra-pagination-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/webpack-pro.runtime.min.js?ver=3.23.3" id="elementor-pro-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/webpack.runtime.min.js?ver=3.23.4" id="elementor-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend-modules.min.js?ver=3.23.4" id="elementor-frontend-modules-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill-inert.min.js?ver=3.1.2" id="wp-polyfill-inert-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/regenerator-runtime.min.js?ver=0.14.0" id="regenerator-runtime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="elementor-pro-frontend-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ElementorProFrontendConfig = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"d986ab13e7","urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/assets\/","rest":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp-json\/"},"shareButtonsNetworks":{"facebook":{"title":"Facebook","has_counter":true},"twitter":{"title":"Twitter"},"linkedin":{"title":"LinkedIn","has_counter":true},"pinterest":{"title":"Pinterest","has_counter":true},"reddit":{"title":"Reddit","has_counter":true},"vk":{"title":"VK","has_counter":true},"odnoklassniki":{"title":"OK","has_counter":true},"tumblr":{"title":"Tumblr"},"digg":{"title":"Digg"},"skype":{"title":"Skype"},"stumbleupon":{"title":"StumbleUpon","has_counter":true},"mix":{"title":"Mix"},"telegram":{"title":"Telegram"},"pocket":{"title":"Pocket","has_counter":true},"xing":{"title":"XING","has_counter":true},"whatsapp":{"title":"WhatsApp"},"email":{"title":"Email"},"print":{"title":"Print"},"x-twitter":{"title":"X"},"threads":{"title":"Threads"}},"facebook_sdk":{"lang":"en_US","app_id":""},"lottie":{"defaultAnimationUrl":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/modules\/lottie\/assets\/animations\/default.json"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.23.3" id="elementor-pro-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/waypoints/waypoints.min.js?ver=4.0.2" id="elementor-waypoints-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.2" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="elementor-frontend-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var elementorFrontendConfig = {"environmentMode":{"edit":false,"wpPreview":false,"isScriptDebug":false},"i18n":{"shareOnFacebook":"Share on Facebook","shareOnTwitter":"Share on Twitter","pinIt":"Pin it","download":"Download","downloadImage":"Download image","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","zoom":"Zoom","share":"Share","playVideo":"Play Video","previous":"Previous","next":"Next","close":"Close","a11yCarouselWrapperAriaLabel":"Carousel | Horizontal scrolling: Arrow Left & Right","a11yCarouselPrevSlideMessage":"Previous slide","a11yCarouselNextSlideMessage":"Next slide","a11yCarouselFirstSlideMessage":"This is the first slide","a11yCarouselLastSlideMessage":"This is the last slide","a11yCarouselPaginationBulletMessage":"Go to slide"},"is_rtl":false,"breakpoints":{"xs":0,"sm":480,"md":481,"lg":769,"xl":1440,"xxl":1600},"responsive":{"breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}}},"version":"3.23.4","is_static":false,"experimentalFeatures":{"additional_custom_breakpoints":true,"container_grid":true,"e_swiper_latest":true,"e_nested_atomic_repeaters":true,"e_onboarding":true,"theme_builder_v2":true,"home_screen":true,"ai-layout":true,"landing-pages":true,"e_lazyload":true,"display-conditions":true,"form-submissions":true,"taxonomy-filter":true},"urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/asia.library.cornell.edu\/wp\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"},"nonces":{"floatingButtonsClickTracking":"9d4dd0638d"},"swiperClass":"swiper","settings":{"page":[],"editorPreferences":[]},"kit":{"global_image_lightbox":"yes","active_breakpoints":["viewport_mobile","viewport_tablet"],"lightbox_enable_counter":"yes","lightbox_enable_fullscreen":"yes","lightbox_enable_zoom":"yes","lightbox_enable_share":"yes","lightbox_title_src":"title","lightbox_description_src":"description"},"post":{"id":38151,"title":"Middle%20East%20%26%20Islamic%20Studies%20Collection%20%E2%80%93%20Kroch%20Library%20Asia%20Collections","excerpt":"","featuredImage":false}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.23.4" id="elementor-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://asia.library.cornell.edu/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/elements-handlers.min.js?ver=3.23.3" id="pro-elements-handlers-js"></script> </body> </html>