CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wine Country - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"775e09f3-3106-4bb9-93ab-9047fec70cf2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Wine_Country","wgTitle":"Wine Country","wgCurRevisionId":1258616260,"wgRevisionId":1258616260,"wgArticleId":440348,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 German-language sources (de)","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Commons link is on Wikidata","California wine","Napa Valley","Sonoma Valley","Agriculture in California","Food and drink in the San Francisco Bay Area","Economy of the San Francisco Bay Area","Regions of California","Subregions of the San Francisco Bay Area","Tourist attractions in Napa County, California", "Tourist attractions in Sonoma County, California","Tourism regions of California","Wine regions of the United States"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Wine_Country","wgRelevantArticleId":440348,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1658318","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/1200px-Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="692"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/800px-Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="461"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="369"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Wine Country - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Wine_Country rootpage-Wine_Country skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wine+Country" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wine+Country" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wine+Country" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wine+Country" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Appellations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appellations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Appellations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appellations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wine Country</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A_(%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="واين كنتري (كاليفورنيا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="واين كنتري (كاليفورنيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" title="Wine Country – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wine Country" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country_(California)" title="Wine Country (California) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wine Country (California)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country_(Californie)" title="Wine Country (Californie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wine Country (Californie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" title="Wine Country – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wine Country" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" title="Wine Country – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wine Country" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC_(%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E5%B7%9E)" title="ワインカントリー (カリフォルニア州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ワインカントリー (カリフォルニア州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" title="Wine Country – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wine Country" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" title="Wine Country – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wine Country" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E9%85%92%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%A1" title="加州葡萄酒之乡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加州葡萄酒之乡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1658318#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wine_Country" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Wine_Country" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wine_Country"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wine_Country"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wine_Country" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wine_Country" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&oldid=1258616260" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Wine_Country&id=1258616260&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWine_Country"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWine_Country"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wine_Country&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/California_Wine_Country" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1658318" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Area of Northern California known as a wine-growing region</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about California's Wine Country region. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wine_Country_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wine Country (disambiguation)">Wine Country (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Wine Country</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">Wine region</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid white;width:266px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Domaine_Carneros,_Napa_Valley,_CA_USA_-_panoramio_(9)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/266px-Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/399px-Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/532px-Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2738" data-file-height="1578" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG/132px-Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG/198px-Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG/264px-Castello_di_Amorosa_courtyard_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hop_Kiln_(Walters_Ranch),_May_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Hop_Kiln_%28Walters_Ranch%29%2C_May_2012.jpg/132px-Hop_Kiln_%28Walters_Ranch%29%2C_May_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Hop_Kiln_%28Walters_Ranch%29%2C_May_2012.jpg/198px-Hop_Kiln_%28Walters_Ranch%29%2C_May_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Hop_Kiln_%28Walters_Ranch%29%2C_May_2012.jpg/264px-Hop_Kiln_%28Walters_Ranch%29%2C_May_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4124" data-file-height="2757" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/132px-Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/198px-Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/264px-Via_Sattui_Winery_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2161" data-file-height="1621" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg/132px-Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg/198px-Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg/264px-Chateau_Montelena_Winery.gk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2992" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg/266px-Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg/399px-Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg/532px-Autumn_in_Napa_Valley_vineyards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%">Top to bottom to right: <a href="/wiki/Domaine_Carneros" title="Domaine Carneros">Domaine Carneros</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Carneros_AVA" title="Los Carneros AVA">Los Carneros AVA</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Castello_di_Amorosa" title="Castello di Amorosa">Castello di Amorosa</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley_AVA" title="Napa Valley AVA">Napa Valley AVA</a></i>; the historic Walters Ranch Hop Kiln; V. Sattui Winery; <a href="/wiki/Chateau_Montelena" title="Chateau Montelena">Chateau Montelena</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Calistoga_AVA" title="Calistoga AVA">Calistoga AVA</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Inglenook_(winery)" title="Inglenook (winery)">Inglenook</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_AVA" title="Rutherford AVA">Rutherford AVA</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Napa Valley">Napa Valley</a> in autumn</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Year established</th><td class="infobox-data">1812</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of wine industry</th><td class="infobox-data">1812–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/California_wine" title="California wine">California wine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sub-regions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Viticultural_Areas#North_Coast" title="List of American Viticultural Areas">Wine Country AVAs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Winkler_index" title="Winkler index">Climate region</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mediterranean</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wine Country</b> is a region of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, in the northern <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a>, known worldwide as a premier <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>-growing region.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region is famed for its <a href="/wiki/Wineries" class="mw-redirect" title="Wineries">wineries</a>, its <a href="/wiki/Californian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Californian cuisine">cuisine</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Michelin_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Michelin star">Michelin star</a> restaurants, <a href="/wiki/Boutique_hotel" title="Boutique hotel">boutique hotels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conference_and_resort_hotels" class="mw-redirect" title="Conference and resort hotels">luxury resorts</a>, historic <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">Viticulture</a> and wine-making have been practiced in the region since the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_California" title="Spanish missions in California">Spanish missionaries</a> from <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Francisco_Solano" title="Mission San Francisco Solano">Mission San Francisco Solano</a> established the first <a href="/wiki/Vineyard" title="Vineyard">vineyards</a> in 1812. </p><p>There are over 1,700 <a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">wineries</a> in the <a href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay</a> (according to Alcoholic Beverage Control of California), mostly located in the area's valleys, including <a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley_AVA" title="Napa Valley AVA">Napa Valley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Napa_County_wine" title="Napa County wine">Napa County</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Valley_AVA" title="Sonoma Valley AVA">Sonoma Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Valley_AVA" title="Alexander Valley AVA">Alexander Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dry_Creek_Valley_AVA" title="Dry Creek Valley AVA">Dry Creek Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bennett_Valley_AVA" title="Bennett Valley AVA">Bennett Valley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Russian_River_Valley_AVA" title="Russian River Valley AVA">Russian River Valley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County_wine" title="Sonoma County wine">Sonoma County</a>. Wine grapes are also grown at higher elevations, such as <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Peak_AVA" title="Atlas Peak AVA">Atlas Peak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mt._Veeder_AVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Mt. Veeder AVA">Mount Veeder</a> <a href="/wiki/American_Viticultural_Area" title="American Viticultural Area">AVAs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cities and towns associated with the Wine Country include <a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa,_California" title="Santa Rosa, California">Santa Rosa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Healdsburg,_California" title="Healdsburg, California">Healdsburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonoma,_California" title="Sonoma, California">Sonoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenwood,_California" title="Kenwood, California">Kenwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petaluma,_California" title="Petaluma, California">Petaluma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sebastopol,_California" title="Sebastopol, California">Sebastopol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guerneville,_California" title="Guerneville, California">Guerneville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_California" title="Windsor, California">Windsor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geyserville,_California" title="Geyserville, California">Geyserville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cloverdale,_California" title="Cloverdale, California">Cloverdale</a> in Sonoma County; <a href="/wiki/Napa,_California" title="Napa, California">Napa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yountville,_California" title="Yountville, California">Yountville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutherford,_California" title="Rutherford, California">Rutherford</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Helena,_California" title="St. Helena, California">St. Helena</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calistoga,_California" title="Calistoga, California">Calistoga</a> in Napa County; and <a href="/wiki/Hopland,_California" title="Hopland, California">Hopland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukiah,_California" title="Ukiah, California">Ukiah</a> in Mendocino County. Wine is also an important part of the economy in nearby <a href="/wiki/Lake_County_wine" title="Lake County wine">Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yolo_County,_California" title="Yolo County, California">Yolo</a> counties.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appellations">Appellations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Appellations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Napa_Valley,_United_States_(Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Napa_Valley%2C_United_States_%28Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o%29.jpg/220px-Napa_Valley%2C_United_States_%28Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Napa_Valley%2C_United_States_%28Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o%29.jpg/330px-Napa_Valley%2C_United_States_%28Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Napa_Valley%2C_United_States_%28Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o%29.jpg/440px-Napa_Valley%2C_United_States_%28Unsplash_Az3kQbCND2o%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3078" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hot_air_balloon" title="Hot air balloon">Hot air ballooning</a> over <a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Napa Valley">Napa Valley</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg/220px-Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg/330px-Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg/440px-Vineyard_and_Chateau_-_Napa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Chateau">Chateau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vineyards" class="mw-redirect" title="Vineyards">vineyards</a> in <a href="/wiki/Napa,_California" title="Napa, California">Napa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Wine Country is generally regarded as the combined counties of Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake, Solano, and western parts of Yolo County. These counties contain the following <a href="/wiki/American_Viticultural_Area" title="American Viticultural Area">American Viticultural Areas</a> (AVAs):<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>in Sonoma County: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Valley_AVA" title="Alexander Valley AVA">Alexander Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bennett_Valley_AVA" title="Bennett Valley AVA">Bennett Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chalk_Hill_AVA" title="Chalk Hill AVA">Chalk Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dry_Creek_Valley_AVA" title="Dry Creek Valley AVA">Dry Creek Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Valley_of_Russian_River_Valley_AVA" title="Green Valley of Russian River Valley AVA">Green Valley of Russian River Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knights_Valley_AVA" title="Knights Valley AVA">Knight's Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Carneros_AVA" title="Los Carneros AVA">Los Carneros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sonoma_AVA" title="Northern Sonoma AVA">Northern Sonoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockpile_AVA" title="Rockpile AVA">Rockpile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_River_Valley_AVA" title="Russian River Valley AVA">Russian River Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Coast_AVA" title="Sonoma Coast AVA">Sonoma Coast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Mountain_AVA" title="Sonoma Mountain AVA">Sonoma Mountain</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Valley_AVA" title="Sonoma Valley AVA">Sonoma Valley</a>.</li> <li>in Napa County: <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Peak_AVA" title="Atlas Peak AVA">Atlas Peak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Carneros_AVA" title="Los Carneros AVA">Los Carneros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mt._Veeder_AVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Mt. Veeder AVA">Mount Veeder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley_AVA" title="Napa Valley AVA">Napa Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakville_AVA" title="Oakville AVA">Oakville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_AVA" title="Rutherford AVA">Rutherford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena_AVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Helena AVA">Saint Helena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calistoga_AVA" title="Calistoga AVA">Calistoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stags_Leap_District_AVA" title="Stags Leap District AVA">Stags Leap District</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yountville_AVA" title="Yountville AVA">Yountville</a>.</li> <li>in Mendocino County: <a href="/wiki/Anderson_Valley_AVA" title="Anderson Valley AVA">Anderson Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Covelo_AVA" title="Covelo AVA">Covelo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mendocino_AVA" title="Mendocino AVA">Mendocino</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Potter_Valley_AVA" title="Potter Valley AVA">Potter Valley</a>.</li> <li>in Lake County: <a href="/wiki/Big_Valley_District-Lake_County_AVA" title="Big Valley District-Lake County AVA">Big Valley District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clear_Lake_AVA" title="Clear Lake AVA">Clear Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guenoc_Valley_AVA" title="Guenoc Valley AVA">Guenoc Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_Valley_AVA" title="High Valley AVA">High Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kelsey_Bench-Lake_County_AVA" title="Kelsey Bench-Lake County AVA">Kelsey Bench</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_Valley-Lake_County_AVA" title="Long Valley-Lake County AVA">Long Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Hills_Lake_County_AVA" title="Red Hills Lake County AVA">Red Hills</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Lake_Valley_AVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Lake Valley AVA">Upper Lake Valley</a>.</li> <li>in Solano County: <a href="/wiki/Suisun_Valley_AVA" title="Suisun Valley AVA">Suisun Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Solano_County_Green_Valley_AVA" title="Solano County Green Valley AVA">Green Valley</a>.</li></ul> <p>The six-county <a href="/wiki/North_Coast_AVA" title="North Coast AVA">North Coast AVA</a> overlaps with the Wine Country as defined here and also includes Marin County. In addition, the names of the counties themselves are legal for use as appellation names.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>in Yolo County: <a href="/wiki/Capay_Valley" title="Capay Valley">Capay Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clarksburg,_California" title="Clarksburg, California">Clarksburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dunnigan_Hills_AVA" title="Dunnigan Hills AVA">Dunnigan Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merritt_Island_(California)" title="Merritt Island (California)">Merritt Island</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Winters,_California" title="Winters, California">Winters Highlands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buena_Vista_Winery,_Sonoma,_CA_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Buena_Vista_Winery%2C_Sonoma%2C_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Buena_Vista_Winery%2C_Sonoma%2C_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Buena_Vista_Winery%2C_Sonoma%2C_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Buena_Vista_Winery%2C_Sonoma%2C_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Buena_Vista_Winery%2C_Sonoma%2C_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Buena_Vista_Winery%2C_Sonoma%2C_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="753" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Winery" title="Buena Vista Winery">Buena Vista Winery</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Sonoma,_California" title="Sonoma, California">Sonoma</a>, is the oldest commercial <a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">winery</a> in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, founded in 1857.</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest <a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistory</a> of the Wine Country involves habitation by several <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> tribes from approximately 8000 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The principal tribes living in this region included the <a href="/wiki/Pomo" title="Pomo">Pomo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coast_Miwok" title="Coast Miwok">Coast Miwok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wappo" title="Wappo">Wappo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patwin" title="Patwin">Patwin</a>, whose early peoples practiced certain forms of <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a>, but probably not involving the cultivation of grapes. During the <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexican</a> Colonial period and after, <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> settlers brought in more intensive agriculture to the Wine Country, including growing grapes and wine production. Some of the historical events that led to the establishment of California as a state transpired in the Wine Country. In particular, the town of <a href="/wiki/Sonoma,_California" title="Sonoma, California">Sonoma</a> is known as the birthplace of American California. <a href="/wiki/Agoston_Haraszthy" title="Agoston Haraszthy">Agoston Haraszthy</a> is credited as one of the forefathers of the <a href="/wiki/California_wine" title="California wine">California wine</a> industry in Sonoma by his planting of grapes in the lower <a href="/wiki/Arroyo_Seco_Creek" class="mw-redirect" title="Arroyo Seco Creek">Arroyo Seco Creek</a> <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">watershed</a> of Sonoma County.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, many portions of California's Wine Country were heavily devastated by wildfires, including the <a href="/wiki/October_2017_Northern_California_wildfires" title="October 2017 Northern California wildfires">October 2017 Northern California wildfires</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-outofcontrol_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-outofcontrol-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Founded in 1880, the <a href="/wiki/UC_Davis_Department_of_Viticulture_and_Enology" title="UC Davis Department of Viticulture and Enology">UC Davis Department of Viticulture and Enology</a> is the most famous and established school for research and education in winemaking in the Northern California region and the United States, and has contributed greatly to Northern California’s growth and establishment as a wine producing region.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg/220px-Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg/330px-Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg/440px-Sonomamtnvineyard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1508" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Mountain_AVA" title="Sonoma Mountain AVA">Sonoma Mountain AVA</a> vineyard in front of the <a href="/wiki/Mayacamas_Mountains" title="Mayacamas Mountains">Mayacamas Mountains</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">diversity</a> of <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_ecosystem" title="Aquatic ecosystem">aquatic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_animal" title="Terrestrial animal">terrestrial</a> <a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organisms</a> populate the Wine Country and its <a href="/wiki/Riparian_zone" title="Riparian zone">riparian zones</a>. Winter-run <a href="/wiki/Chinook_salmon" title="Chinook salmon">Chinook salmon</a> (<i>Oncorhynchus tsawytscha</i>), <a href="/wiki/Delta_smelt" title="Delta smelt">Delta smelt</a> (<i>Hypomesus transpacificus</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Rainbow_trout" title="Rainbow trout">steelhead</a> (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) are the most prominent <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fishes</a>. Researchers have studied <a href="/wiki/Anadromous" class="mw-redirect" title="Anadromous">anadromous</a> fish-movements extensively in Sonoma Creek and in the <a href="/wiki/Napa_River" title="Napa River">Napa River</a> as well as in the <a href="/wiki/Laguna_de_Santa_Rosa" title="Laguna de Santa Rosa">Laguna de Santa Rosa</a> - not only in the mainstems, but in many of the tributaries. These investigations have demonstrated a historical decline in spawning and habitat value for these species, primarily due to sedimentation<sup id="cite_ref-SEC_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and secondarily to removal of riparian vegetation since the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery,_2000_Main_St.,_St._Helena,_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery%2C_2000_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG/220px-Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery%2C_2000_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery%2C_2000_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG/330px-Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery%2C_2000_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery%2C_2000_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG/440px-Beringer_Brothers-Los_Hermanos_Winery%2C_2000_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-18-03_PM.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Beringer_Vineyards" title="Beringer Vineyards">Beringer Vineyards</a> is <a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Napa Valley">Napa Valley</a>'s oldest continuously operating winery.</figcaption></figure> <p>A variety of <a href="/wiki/Salamander" title="Salamander">salamanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">frogs</a> are also present in the Wine Country. The federally listed as threatened <a href="/wiki/California_red-legged_frog" title="California red-legged frog">California red-legged frog</a> is present in the northern reach draining the south slopes of <a href="/wiki/Annadel_State_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Annadel State Park">Annadel State Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered species</a> (mostly associated with the <a href="/wiki/Napa_Sonoma_Marsh" title="Napa Sonoma Marsh">Napa Sonoma Marsh</a>) present include <a href="/wiki/Ridgway%27s_rail" title="Ridgway's rail">Ridgway's rail</a> (<i>Rallus obsoletus</i>), California <a href="/wiki/Black_rail" title="Black rail">black rail</a> (<i>Laterallus jamaicensis</i>), California <a href="/wiki/Brown_pelican" title="Brown pelican">brown pelican</a> (<i>Pelicanus occudentalis</i>), California freshwater shrimp (<i><a href="/wiki/Syncaris_pacifica" title="Syncaris pacifica">Syncaris pacifica</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Salt_marsh_harvest_mouse" title="Salt marsh harvest mouse">salt marsh harvest mouse</a> (<i>Reithrodontomys raviventris</i> ), <a href="/wiki/Suisun_shrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Suisun shrew">Suisun shrew</a> (<i>Sorex ornatus sinuosus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_splittail" title="Sacramento splittail">Sacramento splittail</a> (<i>Pogonichtys macrolepidotus</i>). The above are <a href="/wiki/Endangered_species" title="Endangered species">endangered species</a> with the exception of the splittail, steelhead and black rail, which are federally designated as threatened.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Krug_Winery,_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.,_St._Helena,_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Charles_Krug_Winery%2C_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-Charles_Krug_Winery%2C_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Charles_Krug_Winery%2C_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-Charles_Krug_Winery%2C_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Charles_Krug_Winery%2C_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-Charles_Krug_Winery%2C_2800_St._Helena_Hwy.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_3-23-11_PM_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1814" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charles_Krug_Winery" title="Charles Krug Winery">Charles Krug Winery</a>, est. 1861, is a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Upland ecosystems drained include mixed <a href="/wiki/California_oak_woodland" title="California oak woodland">California oak woodland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chaparral" title="Chaparral">chaparral</a> and <a href="/wiki/Savannah" class="mw-redirect" title="Savannah">savannah</a> <a href="/wiki/Woodland" title="Woodland">woodland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In these upland reaches one finds plentiful <a href="/wiki/Black-tailed_deer" title="Black-tailed deer">black-tailed deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyote</a>, skunk, raccoon, opossum, <a href="/wiki/Wild_turkey" title="Wild turkey">wild turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey_vulture" title="Turkey vulture">turkey vulture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_hawk" title="Red-tailed hawk">red-tailed hawk</a> and occasionally bobcat and <a href="/wiki/Mountain_lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain lion">mountain lion</a>. Prominent higher elevation trees include: <a href="/wiki/Coast_live_oak" class="mw-redirect" title="Coast live oak">Coast live oak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garry_oak" class="mw-redirect" title="Garry oak">Garry oak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pacific_madrone" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific madrone">Pacific madrone</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_buckeye" class="mw-redirect" title="California buckeye">California buckeye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_fir" title="Douglas fir">Douglas fir</a>, whereas <a href="/wiki/Valley_oak" class="mw-redirect" title="Valley oak">valley oak</a> is prevalent on the Wine Country valley floors.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Wine Country has undergone a boom in tourism. In 1975 there were only 25 Napa Valley wineries;<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> today there are well over 800 wineries in Napa and Sonoma Counties.<sup id="cite_ref-fodors_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fodors-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tourists come to the region not only for <a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting" title="Wine tasting">wine tasting</a>, but also for <a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">hiking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bicycling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_air_balloon" title="Hot air balloon">hot air ballooning</a>, and historic sites, as well as the extensive culinary choices. </p><p>Numerous notable chefs and restaurateurs are present in the Wine Country, including <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Keller" title="Thomas Keller">Thomas Keller</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Ash_(chef)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Ash (chef) (page does not exist)">John Ash</a>, and Sondra Bernstein.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides the obvious winery attractions, the Wine Country is known for the Sonoma County coastline along the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_River_(California)" title="Russian River (California)">Russian River</a> valley, <a href="/wiki/Redwoods" class="mw-redirect" title="Redwoods">redwoods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring">hot spring</a> baths, <a href="/wiki/Petrified_wood" title="Petrified wood">petrified forests</a> and other natural areas. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:508px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greystone_Cellars,_2555_Main_St.,_St._Helena,_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Culinary Institute of America at Greystone is a prestigious Napa culinary school."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greystone_Cellars%2C_2555_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG/500px-Greystone_Cellars%2C_2555_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG" decoding="async" width="500" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greystone_Cellars%2C_2555_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG/750px-Greystone_Cellars%2C_2555_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greystone_Cellars%2C_2555_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG/1000px-Greystone_Cellars%2C_2555_Main_St.%2C_St._Helena%2C_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3069" data-file-height="1550" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Greystone_Cellars,_2555_Main_St.,_St._Helena,_CA_10-16-2011_2-58-32_PM.JPG" title="File:Greystone Cellars, 2555 Main St., St. Helena, CA 10-16-2011 2-58-32 PM.JPG"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/The_Culinary_Institute_of_America_at_Greystone" title="The Culinary Institute of America at Greystone">The Culinary Institute of America at Greystone</a> is a prestigious Napa <a href="/wiki/Culinary_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Culinary school">culinary school</a>.</div></div></div> <p>The Wine Country tourism boom has its downside, exemplified by traffic congestion on <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_29" title="California State Route 29">State Route 29</a>, particularly on summer weekends, when the number of tourists often exceeds the <a href="/wiki/Carrying_capacity" title="Carrying capacity">carrying capacity</a> of the road. The Napa Valley is also experiencing pressures for increased urbanization and roadway upgrades.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have also been issues related to regulating home sharing. After a boom in residents renting rooms in private homes, the city government of Napa was forced to require any Napa Airbnb properties to register.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/15px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/22px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/30px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_wine" title="California wine">California wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_County_wine" title="Napa County wine">Napa County wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County_wine" title="Sonoma County wine">Sonoma County wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livermore_Valley_AVA" title="Livermore Valley AVA">Livermore Valley AVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County_wine" title="Lake County wine">Lake County wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendocino_County_wine" title="Mendocino County wine">Mendocino County wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paso_Robles_AVA" title="Paso Robles AVA">Paso Robles AVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley_AVA" title="Santa Clara Valley AVA">Santa Clara Valley AVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temecula_Valley_AVA" title="Temecula Valley AVA">Temecula Valley AVA</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFElkjer2002" class="citation book cs1">Elkjer, Thom (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/escapetowinecoun00holm"><i>Fodor's Escape to the Wine Country: California's Napa, Sonoma, and Mendocino</i></a>. Fodor's. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-679-00918-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-679-00918-4"><bdi>978-0-679-00918-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fodor%27s+Escape+to+the+Wine+Country%3A+California%27s+Napa%2C+Sonoma%2C+and+Mendocino&rft.pub=Fodor%27s&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-679-00918-4&rft.aulast=Elkjer&rft.aufirst=Thom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fescapetowinecoun00holm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Chiarello, <i>Michael Chiarello's Casual Cooking: Wine Country Recipes for Family and Friends</i>, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, California.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitesides2004" class="citation book cs1">Whitesides, Mary (2004). <i>Wine Country: Architecture and Interiors</i>. Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wine+Country%3A+Architecture+and+Interiors&rft.place=Layton%2C+Utah&rft.pub=Gibbs+Smith&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Whitesides&rft.aufirst=Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Molly Chappellet, <i>Gardens of the Wine Country</i>, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, California.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wine.appellationamerica.com">Appelation America.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vinorandum.com/county/yolo-county">"Yolo County"</a>. <i>Vinorandum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vinorandum&rft.atitle=Yolo+County&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vinorandum.com%2Fcounty%2Fyolo-county&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=87d88eb78f810c3e1f85e139346a7d79&mc=true&n=pt27.1.9&r=PART&ty=HTML">"Title 27, Part 9: American Viticultural Areas"</a>. <i>Code of Federal Regulations</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Code+of+Federal+Regulations&rft.atitle=Title+27%2C+Part+9%3A+American+Viticultural+Areas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecfr.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2FretrieveECFR%3Fgp%3D%26SID%3D87d88eb78f810c3e1f85e139346a7d79%26mc%3Dtrue%26n%3Dpt27.1.9%26r%3DPART%26ty%3DHTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=637ec990ed5df482596176b5727f4702&mc=true&node=pt27.1.4&rgn=div5#se27.1.4_125">"Title 27, Section 4.25(a)"</a>. <i>Code of Federal Regulations</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Code+of+Federal+Regulations&rft.atitle=Title+27%2C+Section+4.25%28a%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecfr.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Ftext-idx%3FSID%3D637ec990ed5df482596176b5727f4702%26mc%3Dtrue%26node%3Dpt27.1.4%26rgn%3Ddiv5%23se27.1.4_125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visityolo.com/newest-ava-in-california-winters-highlands/">"Newest AVA In California: Winters Highlands"</a>. <i>Visit Yolo County California, Davis, Winters, Clarksburg, Capay Valley, Woodland</i>. 2023-08-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Visit+Yolo+County+California%2C+Davis%2C+Winters%2C+Clarksburg%2C+Capay+Valley%2C+Woodland&rft.atitle=Newest+AVA+In+California%3A+Winters+Highlands&rft.date=2023-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisityolo.com%2Fnewest-ava-in-california-winters-highlands%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080127115948/http://www.iwineinstitute.com/ava/avabystate.asp">"AVAs by state"</a>. 2008-01-27. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iwineinstitute.com/ava/avabystate.asp">the original</a> on 2008-01-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AVAs+by+state&rft.date=2008-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iwineinstitute.com%2Fava%2Favabystate.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stewart, Suzanne B., <i>Time before Time: Prehistory and Archaeology in the Lake Sonoma Area</i>. Sacramento, CA: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1985.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Sullivan, <i>Zinfandel: A History of a Grape and Its Wine</i>, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press, 2003.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-outofcontrol-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-outofcontrol_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFullerPerez-PenaBromwich2017" class="citation news cs1">Fuller, Thomas; Perez-Pena, Richard; Bromwich, Jonah Engel (October 10, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/us/california-fires.html?module=ArrowsNav&contentCollection=U.S.&action=keypress&region=FixedLeft&pgtype=article">"Wildfires Burn Out of Control Across Northern California; 17 Are Dead"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Wildfires+Burn+Out+of+Control+Across+Northern+California%3B+17+Are+Dead&rft.date=2017-10-10&rft.aulast=Fuller&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Perez-Pena%2C+Richard&rft.au=Bromwich%2C+Jonah+Engel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F10%2F10%2Fus%2Fcalifornia-fires.html%3Fmodule%3DArrowsNav%26contentCollection%3DU.S.%26action%3Dkeypress%26region%3DFixedLeft%26pgtype%3Darticle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.winebusiness.com/news/article/229484">"UC Davis Marks 140 Years of Service to the Wine Industry"</a>. <i>www.winebusiness.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.winebusiness.com&rft.atitle=UC+Davis+Marks+140+Years+of+Service+to+the+Wine+Industry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.winebusiness.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F229484&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.art-wine-mag.com/wine/uc-davis-viticulture/">"Exploring UC Davis Viticulture and Enology | ART & WINE MAGAZINE"</a> (in German). 2023-11-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exploring+UC+Davis+Viticulture+and+Enology+%7C+ART+%26+WINE+MAGAZINE&rft.date=2023-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.art-wine-mag.com%2Fwine%2Fuc-davis-viticulture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy2004" class="citation web cs1">Murphy, Linda (December 5, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/magazine/article/Wine-School-Wars-Two-of-the-best-enology-2666841.php">"Wine School Wars / Two of the best enology programs in the country are right here, but which makes a better winemaker, Davis or Fresno?"</a>. <i>SF Gate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SF+Gate&rft.atitle=Wine+School+Wars+%2F+Two+of+the+best+enology+programs+in+the+country+are+right+here%2C+but+which+makes+a+better+winemaker%2C+Davis+or+Fresno%3F&rft.date=2004-12-05&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2FWine-School-Wars-Two-of-the-best-enology-2666841.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SEC-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SEC_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Sonoma Creek Watershed Limiting Factors Analysis</i>, Sonoma Ecology Center, with support from the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Corps_of_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Corps of Engineers">U.S. Army Corps of Engineers</a>, December 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBland2019" class="citation web cs1">Bland, Alastair (November 18, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/11/18/774859696/wine-moguls-destroy-land-and-pay-small-fines-as-cost-of-business-say-activists">"Wine Moguls Destroy Land And Pay Small Fines As Cost Of Business, Say Activists"</a>. <i>NPR News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR+News&rft.atitle=Wine+Moguls+Destroy+Land+And+Pay+Small+Fines+As+Cost+Of+Business%2C+Say+Activists&rft.date=2019-11-18&rft.aulast=Bland&rft.aufirst=Alastair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fthesalt%2F2019%2F11%2F18%2F774859696%2Fwine-moguls-destroy-land-and-pay-small-fines-as-cost-of-business-say-activists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">San Francisco Bay Area Conservancy Program <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openspacecouncil.org/projects/conservancy/baosc_conservancy_2004.11.09_fifth_year_report.pdf">Fifth Year Report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070621021718/http://openspacecouncil.org/projects/conservancy/baosc_conservancy_2004.11.09_fifth_year_report.pdf">Archived</a> 2007-06-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> pg 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090326223251/http://sfep.abag.ca.gov/pdf/habitat_goals/Habitat_Goals%5BPart3%5D.pdf">"Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sfep.abag.ca.gov/pdf/habitat_goals/Habitat_Goals%5BPart3%5D.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-03-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-04-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baylands+Ecosystem+Habitat+Goals&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsfep.abag.ca.gov%2Fpdf%2Fhabitat_goals%2FHabitat_Goals%255BPart3%255D.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/SNT/noframe/ca162.htm">California's woodlands</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr100/psw_gtr100d.pdf">Wildlife:The Importance of Hardwood Habitat for Wildlife in California</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">Forest Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, 1987</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180822050127/https://www.napatourshuttle.com/napa_valley_wine_tours.htm">"Napa Valley Wine Tasting Tours"</a>. <i>Wine Country Tour Shuttle</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winecountrytourshuttle.com/napa_valley_wine_tours.htm">the original</a> on August 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wine+Country+Tour+Shuttle&rft.atitle=Napa+Valley+Wine+Tasting+Tours&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winecountrytourshuttle.com%2Fnapa_valley_wine_tours.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fodors-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fodors_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fodors.com/miniguides/mgresults.cfm?destination=california_wine@211">"Fodor's California Wine Country Online"</a>. 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fodor%27s+California+Wine+Country+Online&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fodors.com%2Fminiguides%2Fmgresults.cfm%3Fdestination%3Dcalifornia_wine%40211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2004" class="citation book cs1">Bernstein, Sondra (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/girlfigcookbookm00bern"><i>The Girl & the Fig Cookbook: More than 100 Recipes from the Acclaimed California Wine Country Restaurant</i></a>. Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-5521-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-5521-6"><bdi>0-7432-5521-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Girl+%26+the+Fig+Cookbook%3A+More+than+100+Recipes+from+the+Acclaimed+California+Wine+Country+Restaurant&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7432-5521-6&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Sondra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgirlfigcookbookm00bern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927190528/http://www.napatraffic.info/Trancas%2029.htm">"Trancas Road/California State Route 29 Intersection Improvements"</a>. <i>NapaTraffic.info</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napatraffic.info/Trancas%2029.htm">the original</a> on 2007-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NapaTraffic.info&rft.atitle=Trancas+Road%2FCalifornia+State+Route+29+Intersection+Improvements&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.napatraffic.info%2FTrancas%252029.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYune,_Howard2015" class="citation news cs1">Yune, Howard (September 4, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/napa-planners-support-airbnb-type-home-rental-ordinance/article_a9dc8223-e931-5372-9c61-9ae5c7eab7ad.html">"Napa planners support Airbnb-type home rental ordinance"</a>. <i>Napa Valley Register</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Napa+Valley+Register&rft.atitle=Napa+planners+support+Airbnb-type+home+rental+ordinance&rft.date=2015-09-04&rft.au=Yune%2C+Howard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnapavalleyregister.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fnapa-planners-support-airbnb-type-home-rental-ordinance%2Farticle_a9dc8223-e931-5372-9c61-9ae5c7eab7ad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWine+Country" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/California_Wine_Country#Q1658318" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:California Wine Country">California Wine Country</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wine_Country" class="extiw" title="commons:Wine Country"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Wine Country</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_California" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:California" title="Template:California"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:California" title="Template talk:California"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:California" title="Special:EditPage/Template:California"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_California" title="Outline of California">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California" title="Culture of California">Culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_California" title="Cuisine of California">food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_California" title="Music of California">music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of California">languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_sound" title="California sound">California sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_California" title="Sports in California">sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Dream" title="California Dream">California Dream</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_California" title="Crime in California">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_California" title="Demographics of California">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_California" title="List of earthquakes in California">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_California" title="Economy of California">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_California" title="Agriculture in California">agriculture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_California" title="Education in California">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_California" title="Environment of California">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_California" title="Geography of California">Geography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_California" title="Climate of California">climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecology_of_California" title="Ecology of California">ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Floristic_Province" title="California Floristic Province">flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_California" title="Fauna of California">fauna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_California" title="Government of California">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Capitol" title="California State Capitol">Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_in_California" title="Districts in California">districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Legislature" title="California State Legislature">legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">Supreme Court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_California" title="Healthcare in California">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_California" title="Abortion in California">Abortion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_California" title="History of California">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_California" title="Law of California">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in California">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_California" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in California">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Natural_Landmarks_in_California" title="List of National Natural Landmarks in California">National Natural Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_California" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in California">NRHP listings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_California" title="Politics of California">Politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_California" title="United States congressional delegations from California">congressional delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_California" title="Elections in California">elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_California" title="List of people from California">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_protected_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="California protected areas">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_parks" title="List of California state parks">state parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_Historical_Landmarks" title="List of California Historical Landmarks">state historic landmarks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_symbols" title="List of California state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_California" title="Transportation in California">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_in_California" title="Water in California">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_California-related_articles" title="Index of California-related articles">Index of articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_California" title="List of regions of California">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Valley" title="Antelope Valley">Antelope Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Coast_Ranges" title="California Coast Ranges">California Coast Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascade Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_California" title="Central California">Central California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Coast_(California)" title="Central Coast (California)">Central Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_(California)" title="Central Valley (California)">Central Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_(California)" title="Channel Islands (California)">Channel Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_California" title="Coastal California">Coastal California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conejo_Valley" title="Conejo Valley">Conejo Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucamonga_Valley" title="Cucamonga Valley">Cucamonga Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_Valley" title="Death Valley">Death Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay (SF Bay Area)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_County,_San_Diego" title="East County, San Diego">East County (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_California" title="Eastern California">Eastern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Triangle" title="Emerald Triangle">Emerald Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Country" title="Gold Country">Gold Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Valley" title="San Bernardino Valley">Greater San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Inland Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klamath_Basin" title="Klamath Basin">Klamath Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tahoe" title="Lake Tahoe">Lake Tahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Los Angeles Area">Greater Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Basin" title="Los Angeles Basin">Los Angeles Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Coast" title="Lost Coast">Lost Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Empire,_San_Diego" title="Mountain Empire, San Diego">Mountain Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay (SF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Coast_(California)" title="North Coast (California)">North Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_County_(San_Diego_area)" title="North County (San Diego area)">North County (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Coast" title="Orange Coast">Orange Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owens_Valley" title="Owens Valley">Owens Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxnard_Plain" title="Oxnard Plain">Oxnard Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Ranges" title="Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomona_Valley" title="Pomona Valley">Pomona Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento%E2%80%93San_Joaquin_River_Delta" title="Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta">Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Valley" title="Sacramento Valley">Sacramento Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddleback_Valley" title="Saddleback Valley">Saddleback Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel_Valley" title="San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">Santa Clara Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_River_Valley" title="Santa Clara River Valley">Santa Clara River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clarita_Valley" title="Santa Clarita Valley">Santa Clarita Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ynez_Valley" title="Santa Ynez Valley">Santa Ynez Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_Cascade" title="Shasta Cascade">Shasta Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bay_(Los_Angeles_County)" title="South Bay (Los Angeles County)">South Bay (LA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_San_Diego" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, San Diego">South Bay (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley#San_Francisco_South_Bay" title="Santa Clara Valley">South Bay (SF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(California)" title="South Coast (California)">South Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Border_Region_(California)" title="Southern Border Region (California)">Southern Border Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_Ranges" title="Transverse Ranges">Transverse Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-Valley" title="Tri-Valley">Tri-Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Valley" title="Victor Valley">Victor Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_Country_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine Country (California)">Wine Country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metro regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Fresno" title="Metropolitan Fresno">Fresno–Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_metropolitan_area" title="Sacramento metropolitan area">Sacramento–Roseville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego%E2%80%93Tijuana" title="San Diego–Tijuana">San Diego–Tijuana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_California" title="List of counties in California">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_County,_California" title="Alpine County, California">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amador_County,_California" title="Amador County, California">Amador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butte_County,_California" title="Butte County, California">Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calaveras_County,_California" title="Calaveras County, California">Calaveras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colusa_County,_California" title="Colusa County, California">Colusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="Contra Costa County, California">Contra Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Norte_County,_California" title="Del Norte County, California">Del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado_County,_California" title="El Dorado County, California">El Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_County,_California" title="Fresno County, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_County,_California" title="Glenn County, California">Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_County,_California" title="Humboldt County, California">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_County,_California" title="Imperial County, California">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inyo_County,_California" title="Inyo County, California">Inyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kern_County,_California" title="Kern County, California">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_County,_California" title="Kings County, California">Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County,_California" title="Lake County, California">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lassen_County,_California" title="Lassen County, California">Lassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madera_County,_California" title="Madera County, California">Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariposa_County,_California" title="Mariposa County, California">Mariposa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendocino_County,_California" title="Mendocino County, California">Mendocino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced_County,_California" title="Merced County, California">Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_County,_California" title="Modoc County, California">Modoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_County,_California" title="Mono County, California">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_County,_California" title="Monterey County, California">Monterey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_County,_California" title="Napa County, California">Napa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_County,_California" title="Nevada County, California">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placer_County,_California" title="Placer County, California">Placer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumas_County,_California" title="Plumas County, California">Plumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_County,_California" title="Riverside County, California">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_County,_California" title="Sacramento County, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Benito_County,_California" title="San Benito County, California">San Benito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_County,_California" title="San Bernardino County, California">San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County,_California" title="San Diego County, California">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_County,_California" title="San Joaquin County, California">San Joaquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo_County,_California" title="San Luis Obispo County, California">San Luis Obispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara_County,_California" title="Santa Barbara County, California">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California" title="Santa Clara County, California">Santa Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_County,_California" title="Shasta County, California">Shasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_County,_California" title="Sierra County, California">Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siskiyou_County,_California" title="Siskiyou County, California">Siskiyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County,_California" title="Sonoma County, California">Sonoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_County,_California" title="Stanislaus County, California">Stanislaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutter_County,_California" title="Sutter County, California">Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehama_County,_California" title="Tehama County, California">Tehama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_County,_California" title="Trinity County, California">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulare_County,_California" title="Tulare County, California">Tulare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuolumne_County,_California" title="Tuolumne County, California">Tuolumne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura_County,_California" title="Ventura County, California">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yolo_County,_California" title="Yolo County, California">Yolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuba_County,_California" title="Yuba County, California">Yuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in California">Most populous<br />cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/16px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/24px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&oldid=1258616260">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&oldid=1258616260</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:California_wine" title="Category:California wine">California wine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Napa_Valley" title="Category:Napa Valley">Napa Valley</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sonoma_Valley" title="Category:Sonoma Valley">Sonoma Valley</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Agriculture_in_California" title="Category:Agriculture in California">Agriculture in California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Food_and_drink_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Category:Food and drink in the San Francisco Bay Area">Food and drink in the San Francisco Bay Area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Category:Economy of the San Francisco Bay Area">Economy of the San Francisco Bay Area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Regions_of_California" title="Category:Regions of California">Regions of California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Subregions_of_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Category:Subregions of the San Francisco Bay Area">Subregions of the San Francisco Bay Area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Napa_County,_California" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Napa County, California">Tourist attractions in Napa County, California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Sonoma_County,_California" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Sonoma County, California">Tourist attractions in Sonoma County, California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourism_regions_of_California" title="Category:Tourism regions of California">Tourism regions of California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wine_regions_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Wine regions of the United States">Wine regions of the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons link is on Wikidata">Commons link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 18:06<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wine_Country&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-l5lf5","wgBackendResponseTime":167,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.500","walltime":"0.770","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1941,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":80027,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":10518,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":79897,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 530.565 1 -total"," 34.73% 184.261 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.11% 101.380 1 Template:California"," 18.71% 99.248 1 Template:US_state_navigation_box"," 17.30% 91.784 3 Template:Cite_book"," 14.79% 78.468 1 Template:Short_description"," 11.39% 60.434 2 Template:Sister_project"," 11.13% 59.049 2 Template:Side_box"," 10.30% 54.656 2 Template:Pagetype"," 9.93% 52.691 13 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.296","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5967602,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7n487","timestamp":"20241122145229","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Wine Country","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wine_Country","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1658318","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1658318","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-01-24T02:18:07Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T18:06:49Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/89\/Domaine_Carneros%2C_Napa_Valley%2C_CA_USA_-_panoramio_%289%29_%28cropped%29.jpg","headline":"area of Northern California known as a wine-growing region"}</script> </body> </html>