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(PDF) Disney Films' Impact on Children's Gender Roles
<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="IwtWTh9od7MuM_08wBZv4L1TrRadtLqJuDehi7SKjj397aPMnNwCXMcpFHHbB9ozNobDTDoDVrbwAahiaQbr_Q" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2016/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Cynthia Anaba" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/64242116/Children_s_perceptions_of_gender_roles_as_portrayed_in_Disney_films" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Researchers have found that young children create and internalize their own meanings of gender, based on the social cues of adults, their environments, and media around them (Derman-Sparks, 2001). The purpose of this study was to investigate the" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/39548087/12812806/14227284/s200_cynthia.anaba.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/64242116/Children_s_perceptions_of_gender_roles_as_portrayed_in_Disney_films" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Researchers have found that young children create and internalize their own meanings of gender, based on the social cues of adults, their environments, and media around them (Derman-Sparks, 2001). The purpose of this study was to investigate the" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/CAnaba" /> <meta name="description" content="Researchers have found that young children create and internalize their own meanings of gender, based on the social cues of adults, their environments, and media around them (Derman-Sparks, 2001). The purpose of this study was to investigate the" /> <title>(PDF) Disney Films' Impact on Children's Gender Roles</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/64242116/Children_s_perceptions_of_gender_roles_as_portrayed_in_Disney_films" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739832040000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739832040000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Researchers have found that young children create and internalize their own meanings of gender, based on the social cues of adults, their environments, and media around them (Derman-Sparks, 2001). The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender role portrayals in Disney films on children’s gender role perceptions. It was hypothesised that there would be a significant difference in children’s gender role perceptions depending on the Disney film they watched. The Children’s sex role inventory (CSRI) was given out to a total sample of 51 participants, both male (N= 15) and female (N= 36). Participants were randomly allocated to a group, the experimental group viewed Frozen while the control group viewed Cinderella. Analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between children’s perceptions of gender role in relation to the CSRI scale. Results supported the belief that Disney films can “inspire at least as much cultural authority and legitimac...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Anaba","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CAnaba"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2021-12-15","datePublished":"2016-01-01","headline":"Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/76366641/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":[],"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/76366641/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64242116/Children_s_perceptions_of_gender_roles_as_portrayed_in_Disney_films"}</script><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 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{"work":{"id":64242116,"created_at":"2021-12-15T02:36:54.011-08:00","from_world_paper_id":187082109,"updated_at":"2025-02-03T11:14:47.654-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"Researchers have found that young children create and internalize their own meanings of gender, based on the social cues of adults, their environments, and media around them (Derman-Sparks, 2001). The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender role portrayals in Disney films on children’s gender role perceptions. It was hypothesised that there would be a significant difference in children’s gender role perceptions depending on the Disney film they watched. The Children’s sex role inventory (CSRI) was given out to a total sample of 51 participants, both male (N= 15) and female (N= 36). Participants were randomly allocated to a group, the experimental group viewed Frozen while the control group viewed Cinderella. Analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between children’s perceptions of gender role in relation to the CSRI scale. Results supported the belief that Disney films can “inspire at least as much cultural authority and legitimac...","ai_title_tag":"Disney Films' Impact on Children's Gender Roles","publication_date":"2016,,"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [39548087]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":76366641,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/76366641/mini_magick20211215-26795-16et0tn.png?1639564700" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Children’s perceptions of gender roles as portrayed in Disney films</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39548087" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CAnaba"><img alt="Profile image of Cynthia Anaba" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/39548087/12812806/14227284/s65_cynthia.anaba.jpg" />Cynthia Anaba</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">58 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 64242116; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Researchers have found that young children create and internalize their own meanings of gender, based on the social cues of adults, their environments, and media around them (Derman-Sparks, 2001). The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender role portrayals in Disney films on children’s gender role perceptions. It was hypothesised that there would be a significant difference in children’s gender role perceptions depending on the Disney film they watched. The Children’s sex role inventory (CSRI) was given out to a total sample of 51 participants, both male (N= 15) and female (N= 36). Participants were randomly allocated to a group, the experimental group viewed Frozen while the control group viewed Cinderella. Analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between children’s perceptions of gender role in relation to the CSRI scale. Results supported the belief that Disney films can “inspire at least as much cultural authority and legitimac...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":76366641,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/64242116/Children_s_perceptions_of_gender_roles_as_portrayed_in_Disney_films"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":76366641,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/64242116/Children_s_perceptions_of_gender_roles_as_portrayed_in_Disney_films"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Although both the male and female roles have changed over time in the Disney Princess line, the male characters exhibit more androgyny throughout and less change in their gender role portrayals.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Gender Role Portrayal and the Disney Princesses","attachmentId":45054385,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24723499/Gender_Role_Portrayal_and_the_Disney_Princesses","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24723499/Gender_Role_Portrayal_and_the_Disney_Princesses"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="122457196" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/122457196/The_cultural_construction_of_the_feminine_through_Disney_s_films">The cultural construction of the feminine through Disney�s films</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66764881" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AfinaMurtiningrum">Afina Murtiningrum</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The question of gender roles in Disney�s films has been one of the relevant issues in their industry. 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The findings demonstrate that despite displaying the characteristics of strength and power, female villains are fr...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The cultural construction of the feminine through Disney�s films","attachmentId":117116604,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/122457196/The_cultural_construction_of_the_feminine_through_Disney_s_films","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/122457196/The_cultural_construction_of_the_feminine_through_Disney_s_films"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="45078495" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45078495/Damsels_in_Distress_An_analysis_of_Gender_roles_in_Disney_princess_films">Damsels in Distress An analysis of Gender roles in Disney princess films</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="184393944" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShrutiGhosh20">Shruti Ghosh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract: In today’s society movies have become an integral resource which influence a person’s identity. This paper is designed to study the gender roles and the construction of identity in Disney movies. Earlier researches have suggested that Disney movies are not beneficial for children as they propagate certain male dominant ideas by portraying females in a dependent role .This research analyses two texts notably “Cinderella” and “Aladdin” from two different eras and comes to the conclusion that though the societal framework and the roles have changed over time, yet the female character depiction remains the same. The paper also looks at the impact of this sexism on its target audience and reinstates the responsibilities of movies to project females in an elevated role. This helps them to break free of the structure that already discriminates and marginalizes them. Keywords: feminism, patriarchy, stereotype.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Damsels in Distress An analysis of Gender roles in Disney princess films","attachmentId":65636645,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45078495/Damsels_in_Distress_An_analysis_of_Gender_roles_in_Disney_princess_films","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/45078495/Damsels_in_Distress_An_analysis_of_Gender_roles_in_Disney_princess_films"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="83564438" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83564438/The_Gender_Role_Portrayal_Of_Disney_Princesses_And_Its_Impact_On_The_Audience">The Gender Role Portrayal Of Disney Princesses And Its Impact On The Audience</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="26636760" href="https://bu-th.academia.edu/RosechongpornKomolsevin">Rosechongporn Komolsevin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">With the voices from past literature and research, this paper explores areas of Disney princess movies over the decades in terms of the transitional female lead characters and the perceived impact of the said change on the audience in terms of their behavior and decision making. Disney as a global corporation has imposed on the psychological development of children in regards to identity management, gender performance, and racial stereotypes, forming an overall structure society has been reduced to confine in. The primary objective of this study therefore, is to find out how the characterization of gender perception of Disney princesses over the decades has left an impact on the audience and how the transition of Disney princesses and the portrayal of gender roles affect the audience. The research for this study has taken a qualitative approach by conducting interviews of exploratory nature consisting of open-ended question among audiences with the core focus on adolescents. This st...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Gender Role Portrayal Of Disney Princesses And Its Impact On The Audience","attachmentId":88866901,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83564438/The_Gender_Role_Portrayal_Of_Disney_Princesses_And_Its_Impact_On_The_Audience","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83564438/The_Gender_Role_Portrayal_Of_Disney_Princesses_And_Its_Impact_On_The_Audience"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="99211424" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/99211424/The_Exposure_to_Animated_Movies_and_Constructing_Adolescents_Perception_towards_Gender_Role">The Exposure to Animated Movies and Constructing Adolescents’ Perception towards Gender Role</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66123292" href="https://helwan.academia.edu/AmanyFahmy">Amany Fahmy</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Communication, Society and Media, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study aims to know the Egyptian adolescents' perception towards gender roles; coinciding with the evolution of the female lead animated movies. Being affected by the third and the fourth wave of feminism in American society and its effect on Egyptian adolescents; since animated movies are mainly American produced. The study found that Egyptian adolescents perceive the female role in the society to be independent decision-maker and has her own rights, reassuring that women hold much more work-load than men and her biggest enemy and fighter is the society itself, not her capabilities, while animation movies from 2012 till 2018 hold more muscular personality traits and behavioral traits than feminine ones.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Exposure to Animated Movies and Constructing Adolescents’ Perception towards Gender Role","attachmentId":100360299,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99211424/The_Exposure_to_Animated_Movies_and_Constructing_Adolescents_Perception_towards_Gender_Role","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/99211424/The_Exposure_to_Animated_Movies_and_Constructing_Adolescents_Perception_towards_Gender_Role"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="65310463" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65310463/Hegemony_Gender_Stereotypes_and_Disney_A_Content_Analysis_of_Frozen_and_Snow_White">Hegemony, Gender Stereotypes and Disney: A Content Analysis of Frozen and Snow White</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="70520302" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LarisaArnold">Larisa Arnold</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A content analysis was conducted and focused on the gender roles, gender expectations, and social norms in Disney films. The researchers studied one past Disney film, Snow White and compared it with the most recent Disney film, Frozen to draw distinctions and similarities between them. Through a chi square test of association comparing specific Disney roles of both men and women, minimum differences have been shown between past and recent films. Disney has made changes in their films by removing some overt gender stereotypes from the films; however, they continue to use many of these stereotypical gender expectations. The data suggests that hegemonic principles can be applied to the most recent Disney film Frozen. Disney has hidden traditional gender norms under the guise of being progressive while still utilizing the successful Disney formula of traditional gender roles and expectations. PURPOSE AND OVERVIEW OF CONTENT Disney films are very popular and have a great influence in America as well as around the world today. Although Disney films are often perceived as positive, there are many underlying messages in them. Many studies have been conducted on these topics. They analyzed the messages Disney sends to young children regarding their race, age, sexual orientation, and gender. Furthermore, with the advancement of technology of the 21st century, the messages being sent to children were more critical as the distribution of Disney films have expanded to mediums such as DVD's, video games, cell phones, and online gaming. Such mediums allowed Disney to reach children at a pace like never before. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze what recurring themes are shown in the oldest princess Disney film, Snow White and the newest princess Disney film, Frozen. This 2</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hegemony, Gender Stereotypes and Disney: A Content Analysis of Frozen and Snow White","attachmentId":76964506,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/65310463/Hegemony_Gender_Stereotypes_and_Disney_A_Content_Analysis_of_Frozen_and_Snow_White","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/65310463/Hegemony_Gender_Stereotypes_and_Disney_A_Content_Analysis_of_Frozen_and_Snow_White"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="8803639" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8803639/Damsels_in_Distress_A_Textual_Analysis_of_Gender_roles_in_Disney_Princess_Films">Damsels in Distress: A Textual Analysis of Gender roles in Disney Princess Films</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2594470" href="https://independent.academia.edu/iosrjournals">IOSR Journals</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract: Gender is one of the most discussed topics in today‟s society. Gender represents and also reproduces certain attributes, expectations and roles which are associated with male and female. Media is the most important resource through which people develop their identities and thereby come to understand the role that gender plays in the actual world. This article is designed to study the gender identity and gender roles in Disney movies and to see how identity is transformed through long term virtues and ideals that are set forth by the Disney movies. It is generally regarded that the Disney movies is unhealthy for children, especially the young girls to watch for the physical, social and behavioral attributes they suggest, conform to the values supporting male dominance. Disney movies are often criticized for their negative, stereotypical portrayal of female characters that are often unrealistically painted. In the context of Disney movies, the word „woman‟ has become synonymous with „victim‟ in a patriarchal society. The Disney Corporation films such as Cinderella, Snow White, Sleeping Beauty et al are in the list of favorite Disney heroines for young girls for the last fifty years. These movies have certain themes in common—the female protagonist in each of these films is shown as a “Disney Princess” but the traits of these princesses, featured through these films are submissiveness and servitude. Though they possess divine beauty, these princesses only seem to be capable of suffering in silence, and it is because of this, they are finally given the ultimate reward: salvation through the handsome Prince Charming. This negative portrayals of women and girls in Disney movies gain force through the way in which similar messages are consistently circulated and reproduced in varying degrees in many of the Disney movies even till today. Though both the male and the female roles have changed over time in the Disney princess line, yet the female characters actually exhibits less change in their gender role portrayals and there is no doubt that Disney Corporation is reaching their target audience and their message is continuously being made available to the young children (especially the young girls) around the world. Keywords: consumerism, feminism, femme fatal, patriarchy, stereotype,</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Damsels in Distress: A Textual Analysis of Gender roles in Disney Princess Films","attachmentId":35150875,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8803639/Damsels_in_Distress_A_Textual_Analysis_of_Gender_roles_in_Disney_Princess_Films","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8803639/Damsels_in_Distress_A_Textual_Analysis_of_Gender_roles_in_Disney_Princess_Films"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="12097746" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12097746/PERCEPTIONS_OF_GENDER_IN_YOUNG_CONSUMERS_OF_ANIMATED_FILMS">PERCEPTIONS OF GENDER IN YOUNG CONSUMERS OF ANIMATED FILMS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30246337" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatriciaGarc%C3%ADaCes">Patricia García Ces</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"PERCEPTIONS OF GENDER IN YOUNG CONSUMERS OF ANIMATED FILMS","attachmentId":37414860,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12097746/PERCEPTIONS_OF_GENDER_IN_YOUNG_CONSUMERS_OF_ANIMATED_FILMS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12097746/PERCEPTIONS_OF_GENDER_IN_YOUNG_CONSUMERS_OF_ANIMATED_FILMS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="59325226" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59325226/Gender_Construction_And_Media_Narratives_Representations_Of_Gender_In_Animated_Movies">Gender Construction And Media Narratives: Representations Of Gender In Animated Movies</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="147289408" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MARIANAEEM12">MARIA NAEEM</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Media, as an important and powerful social institution, contributes in the construction and reinforcement of perceptions and beliefs about gender. The media images of gender have been found stereotypical and discriminated while there have been many debates on the under representation and biased treatment of gender related issues. This research study particularly analyzed how media narratives play a part in the construction of gender identities in animated movies. The study focused to investigate how femininity and masculinity have been build up in movies, which sort of roles have been assigned to both genders and which identities have been emphasized in the animated movies of Time Warner and Walt Disney during the time period of 2008 to 2013. Gender schema and social learning theories gave implications to the research findings. Both quantitative and qualitative content analysis of fourteen animated movies was conducted. The study concluded that there is stereotypical representations...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Gender Construction And Media Narratives: Representations Of Gender In Animated Movies","attachmentId":73307047,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59325226/Gender_Construction_And_Media_Narratives_Representations_Of_Gender_In_Animated_Movies","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/59325226/Gender_Construction_And_Media_Narratives_Representations_Of_Gender_In_Animated_Movies"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="56141899" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56141899/The_Rise_of_the_Androgynous_Princess_Examining_Representations_of_Gender_in_Prince_and_Princess_Characters_of_Disney_Movies_Released_2009_2016">The Rise of the Androgynous Princess: Examining Representations of Gender in Prince and Princess Characters of Disney Movies Released 2009–2016</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="132766965" href="https://mdx.academia.edu/dawnengland">dawn england</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Social Sciences</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Previous quantitative research examining Disney movies has highlighted that whilst prince characters display largely balanced gender profiles, princesses exhibit biased gender role portrayals—performing mostly feminine characteristics, rarely participating in rescue behavior, and concluding movies in romantic relationships with the prince. However, such research, as well as public commentary, has also suggested that princess characters in movies released across the 2000s and 2010s may have more positive gender role portrayals. This study aimed to test these assertions by utilizing content coding analysis to examine the behavioral characteristics, rescue behavior, and romantic conclusions of prince and princess characters in five iconic Disney films released between 2009 and 2016 (The Princess and the Frog, Tangled, Brave (released under Pixar), Frozen, and Moana). Comparisons were also made with earlier titles to assess historical changes. Results showed that princesses in “2000s to...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Rise of the Androgynous Princess: Examining Representations of Gender in Prince and Princess Characters of Disney Movies Released 2009–2016","attachmentId":71673613,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56141899/The_Rise_of_the_Androgynous_Princess_Examining_Representations_of_Gender_in_Prince_and_Princess_Characters_of_Disney_Movies_Released_2009_2016","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56141899/The_Rise_of_the_Androgynous_Princess_Examining_Representations_of_Gender_in_Prince_and_Princess_Characters_of_Disney_Movies_Released_2009_2016"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":76366641,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":76366641,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_76366641" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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