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Oak Street Bridge - Wikipedia

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<li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tolls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tolls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Tolls</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tolls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maintenance,_upgrades_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance,_upgrades_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Maintenance, upgrades and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintenance,_upgrades_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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.geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;params=49_11_59_N_123_07_32_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°11′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">123°07′32″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.19972°N 123.12556°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">49.19972; -123.12556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bridge in Vancouver-Richmond</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn org">Oak Street Bridge</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg/250px-Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg/375px-Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg/500px-Oak_Street_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;params=49_11_59_N_123_07_32_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°11′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">123°07′32″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.19972°N 123.12556°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">49.19972; -123.12556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Carries</th><td class="infobox-data">Four lanes of <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_99" title="British Columbia Highway 99">British Columbia Highway 99</a>, and pedestrians/bicycles</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Crosses</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">North Arm Fraser River</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>-<a href="/wiki/Richmond,_British_Columbia" title="Richmond, British Columbia">Richmond</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Ministry_of_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="British Columbia Ministry of Transportation">British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Characteristics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Design</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Girder_bridge" title="Girder bridge">girder bridge</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">June 29, 1957 <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Childoffraser_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Childoffraser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Location</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-lat="49.199722222222" data-lon="-123.12555555556" data-overlays="[&quot;_00d6639631d26693c26fcde508aba4979efa316e&quot;]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/49.199722222222/-123.12555555556/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,49.199722222222,-123.12555555556,250x200.png?lang=en&amp;domain=en.wikipedia.org&amp;title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;revid=1216185647&amp;groups=_00d6639631d26693c26fcde508aba4979efa316e" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,49.199722222222,-123.12555555556,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&amp;domain=en.wikipedia.org&amp;title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;revid=1216185647&amp;groups=_00d6639631d26693c26fcde508aba4979efa316e 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Oak Street Bridge </b>is a crossing over the north arm of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Line" title="Canada Line">Canada Line</a>, and several roads, in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Vancouver" title="Greater Vancouver">Metro Vancouver</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the planning stage, it was known as the <b>New Marpole Bridge</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and steel plate girders salvaged from the second <a href="/wiki/Granville_Street_Bridge" title="Granville Street Bridge">Granville Street Bridge</a> made barges for constructing the foundations of the Oak St. Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Opened in June 1957, the same date as the <a href="/wiki/Moray_Bridge" title="Moray Bridge">Moray Bridge</a>, these links replaced the <a href="/wiki/Marpole_Bridge_(1889)" title="Marpole Bridge (1889)">Marpole Bridge (road)</a>. The new configuration created a more circuitous route between Vancouver and <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_International_Airport" title="Vancouver International Airport">Vancouver International Airport</a> (YVR), not restored until the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laing_Bridge" title="Arthur Laing Bridge">Arthur Laing Bridge</a> opened in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199647_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199647-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Initially, the highway ended at No. 4 Rd,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> short of connecting with No. 5 Rd. and the <a href="/wiki/Ladner_Ferry" title="Ladner Ferry">Ladner Ferry</a>. A primary objective was to create a fast route to the U.S. border, partially realized on the 1959 opening of the <a href="/wiki/George_Massey_Tunnel" title="George Massey Tunnel">Deas Tunnel</a>, and fully with the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_99#History" title="British Columbia Highway 99">1962 opening of Highway 99 to the border</a>. A branch is connected to the new <a href="/wiki/Tsawwassen_ferry_terminal" title="Tsawwassen ferry terminal">Tsawwassen ferry terminal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199648_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199648-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vancouver regarded the bridge as a source of unwanted traffic.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Despite federal promises to share construction costs, the province ended up wholly financing the project.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199649_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199649-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Costing about $9m, the structure is 1,839.2 metres (6,034&#160;ft) long.<sup id="cite_ref-20Jul71_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20Jul71-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The main spans comprise haunched (deeper at supports) steel girders, and the approaches are steel or concrete girders. The central heavy steel <a href="/wiki/Plate_girder_bridge#Deck-type_plate_girder_bridge" title="Plate girder bridge">deck plate girders</a>, continuous over three spans, measure 60.9 metres (200&#160;ft), 91.4 metres (300&#160;ft), and 60.9 metres (200&#160;ft).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The freeway standard of <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_99" title="British Columbia Highway 99">Highway 99</a> ends where the bridge joins the Vancouver surface street grid. Average daily crossings were 85,000 cars in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Averaging 18,000 cars on opening,<sup id="cite_ref-20Jul71_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20Jul71-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> summer daily averages were 70,000 in 1970,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 74,000 in 1975,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and 71,000 in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-THAR8081_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THAR8081-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure for BC owns and maintains<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> this high-level, four-lane bridge. Cyclists are legally required to ride on the sidewalks.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tolls">Tolls</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Tolls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The premier announced that the 25-cent toll would remain for 12½ years<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199650_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199650-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> to cover construction costs for both the Oak St. and Moray bridges.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A week later, he revised this to two years, a promise not fulfilled. Initially, to avoid tolls, most traffic used the Fraser Street Bridge, causing massive congestion, leaving Oak St. Bridge underused.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199650_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199650-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Toll plazas existed on Sea Island Way and on the highway south off the bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On opening, the Deas Tunnel toll was 50 cents, but a combined tunnel/bridge ticket was 60 cents.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, weekly tickets offered huge savings. A book of 24 tickets usable at each crossing cost $1.25, amended to $1 for 20 tickets from June 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The premier announced that tolls would be lifted from all highways on April 1, 1964,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> but were removed at 7:30 pm the previous evening.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_George_Massey" title="Nehemiah George Massey">George Massey</a>, after whom the tunnel was renamed, and an outspoken opponent of the tolls, paid the final toll at the bridge that evening.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199650_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199650-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The toll booths were removed, and the roadway narrowed accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_5#Coquihalla_Highway" title="British Columbia Highway 5">Coquihalla Highway</a> had staffed toll booths (1986–2008), and electronic tolling operated on the new <a href="/wiki/Golden_Ears_Bridge" title="Golden Ears Bridge">Golden Ears</a> (2009–2017), and <a href="/wiki/Port_Mann_Bridge" title="Port Mann Bridge">Port Mann</a> (2012–2017) bridges. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maintenance,_upgrades_and_incidents"><span id="Maintenance.2C_upgrades_and_incidents"></span>Maintenance, upgrades and incidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Maintenance, upgrades and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the morning rush hour of November 27, 1959, heavy fog and road ice caused pileups that damaged 150 cars. The largest involved 35 cars, the next 23 and the third 18. Seven people went to hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1964, a driver, who suffered stroke, plunged off the south end. Sustaining minor injuries from the accident, he died in hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Oak St. Bridge/Highway 99 interchange with Bridgeport Rd./Sea Island Way was modified in 1969–70,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Despite extensive work on the bridge deck expansion joints in 1973–74,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> they were rebuilt during 1976–78, and the deck repaved.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1980–81, major <a href="/wiki/Pier_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Pier protection">pier protection</a> system was installed.<sup id="cite_ref-THAR8081_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THAR8081-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1995, owing to extensive deterioration of the bridge deck and precast sidewalk panels, two lanes were closed alternately<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199652_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199652-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> for resurfacing the deck with a high performance concrete, followed by a waterproof membrane, and asphalt. Recent traffic accidents that highlighted important safety deficiencies prompted the installation of <a href="/wiki/Traffic_barrier" title="Traffic barrier">no-posts</a> at the median and curbs. The deck joints were again replaced, and deteriorated concrete on the bridge underside removed and patched.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cast_in_place_concrete" class="mw-redirect" title="Cast in place concrete">cast-in-place</a> concrete girders of the southern approach were vulnerable to collapse from movements during <a href="/wiki/Soil_liquefaction" title="Soil liquefaction">soil liquefaction</a>. To strengthen the under-reinforced girders, <a href="/wiki/Fibre-reinforced_plastic" title="Fibre-reinforced plastic">glass fibre reinforced polymer</a> wraps, the most flexible of possible composites, were chosen. Installed over four separate contracts, the <a href="/wiki/Seismic_retrofit" title="Seismic retrofit">seismic retrofit</a> was completed in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighbourhood_redevelopment">Neighbourhood redevelopment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Neighbourhood redevelopment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River,_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River%2C_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg/350px-Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River%2C_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River%2C_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg/525px-Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River%2C_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River%2C_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg/700px-Oak_Street_Bridge_and_Fraser_River%2C_Vancouver_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3539" data-file-height="1991" /></a><figcaption>Northeastward, CP Rail Bridge in foreground, <br /> Oak St. Bridge in background</figcaption></figure> <p>After the bridge opened, more than 50 stores at Hudson and Marine Drive closed from lost business. Low-rise stucco apartments replaced older houses. Once the Arthur Laing Bridge opened, Granville Street developed as the commercial centre.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the south end of the Oak St. Bridge, construction started in 1960 on the first hotel at the highway interchange. Opening in 1962, the 62-room <a href="/wiki/Motel" title="Motel">motor inn</a>, initially called Delport Inn, then Airport Inn, was the birth of the <a href="/wiki/Delta_Hotels" title="Delta Hotels">Delta Hotels</a> chain.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Construction beginning in 1971, the 14-storey tower that opened the next year was the tallest building in Richmond. The project added 144 new suites, and included renovating and expanding the existing amenities. The property is now branded the <a href="/wiki/Sandman_Hotels" title="Sandman Hotels">Sandman</a> Signature Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other hotels built in the immediate vicinity, and their current branding, are the Abercorn Inn (1981),<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Travelodge" title="Travelodge">Travelodge</a> Hotel (1984),<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Accent Inn (1988),<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and Sandman Hotel Airport (1999).<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On cleared land hugging the east side of the southern approach, two midrise office buildings and two hotels are under construction.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Courtyard_by_Marriott" title="Courtyard by Marriott">Courtyard by Marriott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Residence_Inn_by_Marriott" title="Residence Inn by Marriott">Residence Inn by Marriott</a> brand hotels will provide 201 rooms.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crossings_of_the_Fraser_River" title="List of crossings of the Fraser River">List of crossings of the Fraser River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Canada#British_Columbia" title="List of bridges in Canada">List of BC bridges</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="prov1" class="citation news cs1">"Ribbon Cutters Open Oak Street Gateway". <i>The Province</i>. July 2, 1957. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/2369097745">2369097745</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Province&amp;rft.atitle=Ribbon+Cutters+Open+Oak+Street+Gateway&amp;rft.date=1957-07-02&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="VicDaily1" class="citation news cs1">"New Bridge Opened". <i>Victoria Daily Times</i>. July 2, 1957. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/2257741523">2257741523</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Victoria+Daily+Times&amp;rft.atitle=New+Bridge+Opened&amp;rft.date=1957-07-02&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Childoffraser-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Childoffraser_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss1979" class="citation book cs1">Ross, Leslie (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.richmond.ca/__shared/assets/childofthefraser34680.pdf"><i>Richmond: Child of the Fraser</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Richmond: Richmond '79 Centennial Society and the City of Richmond. p.&#160;167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9690031-0-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-9690031-0-2"><bdi>0-9690031-0-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Richmond%3A+Child+of+the+Fraser&amp;rft.place=Richmond&amp;rft.pages=167&amp;rft.pub=Richmond+%2779+Centennial+Society+and+the+City+of+Richmond&amp;rft.date=1979&amp;rft.isbn=0-9690031-0-2&amp;rft.aulast=Ross&amp;rft.aufirst=Leslie&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.richmond.ca%2F&#95;_shared%2Fassets%2Fchildofthefraser34680.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dailycolonist0154uvic_8#page/n2/mode/1up/search/marpole+bridge">"The Daily Colonist, 13 Jan 1954"</a>. <i>www.archive.org</i>. 1954.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+13+Jan+1954&amp;rft.date=1954&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist0154uvic_8%23page%2Fn2%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Fmarpole%2Bbridge&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.richmond.ca/archives/photos/results.aspx?AC=GET_RECORD&amp;XC=/archives/photos/results.aspx&amp;BU=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.richmond.ca%2Farchives%2Fphotos%2F&amp;TN=photos&amp;SN=AUTO11772&amp;SE=446&amp;RN=32&amp;MR=10&amp;TR=0&amp;TX=1000&amp;ES=0&amp;CS=0&amp;XP=&amp;RF=WebBrief&amp;EF=&amp;DF=WebFull&amp;RL=0&amp;EL=0&amp;DL=0&amp;NP=255&amp;ID=&amp;MF=GENERICENGWPMSG.INI&amp;MQ=&amp;TI=0&amp;DT=&amp;ST=0&amp;IR=75325&amp;NR=0&amp;NB=3&amp;SV=0&amp;SS=0&amp;BG=&amp;FG=&amp;QS=&amp;OEX=ISO-8859-1&amp;OEH=utf-8">"Image: Oak St, Bridge piers"</a>. <i>www.archives.richmond.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archives.richmond.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Image%3A+Oak+St%2C+Bridge+piers&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.richmond.ca%2Farchives%2Fphotos%2Fresults.aspx%3FAC%3DGET_RECORD%26XC%3D%2Farchives%2Fphotos%2Fresults.aspx%26BU%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Farchives.richmond.ca%252Farchives%252Fphotos%252F%26TN%3Dphotos%26SN%3DAUTO11772%26SE%3D446%26RN%3D32%26MR%3D10%26TR%3D0%26TX%3D1000%26ES%3D0%26CS%3D0%26XP%3D%26RF%3DWebBrief%26EF%3D%26DF%3DWebFull%26RL%3D0%26EL%3D0%26DL%3D0%26NP%3D255%26ID%3D%26MF%3DGENERICENGWPMSG.INI%26MQ%3D%26TI%3D0%26DT%3D%26ST%3D0%26IR%3D75325%26NR%3D0%26NB%3D3%26SV%3D0%26SS%3D0%26BG%3D%26FG%3D%26QS%3D%26OEX%3DISO-8859-1%26OEH%3Dutf-8&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199647-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199647_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDawe1996">Dawe 1996</a>, p.&#160;47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://searcharchives.vancouver.ca/uploads/r/null/0/5/f/05f7a419bf10d0606aee246f1af9897da5cc6bb81011528073296d5f89c4058d/1a09c794-e2ad-4b7c-a78e-43592d3977c5-1972-224.1.jpg">"Image: Transit route map, 1957"</a>. <i>www.vancouver.ca</i>. Evergreen Press for BCER.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.vancouver.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Image%3A+Transit+route+map%2C+1957&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearcharchives.vancouver.ca%2Fuploads%2Fr%2Fnull%2F0%2F5%2Ff%2F05f7a419bf10d0606aee246f1af9897da5cc6bb81011528073296d5f89c4058d%2F1a09c794-e2ad-4b7c-a78e-43592d3977c5-1972-224.1.jpg&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199648-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199648_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDawe1996">Dawe 1996</a>, p.&#160;48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dailycolonist0355uvic_4#page/n2/mode/1up/search/oak+street">"The Daily Colonist, 6 Mar 1955"</a>. <i>www.archive.org</i>. 1955.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+6+Mar+1955&amp;rft.date=1955&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist0355uvic_4%23page%2Fn2%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Foak%2Bstreet&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199649-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199649_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDawe1996">Dawe 1996</a>, p.&#160;49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20Jul71-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-20Jul71_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-20Jul71_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dailycolonist19710720#page/n36/mode/1up/search/oak+street">"The Daily Colonist, 20 Jul 1971"</a>. <i>www.archive.org</i>. 1971.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+20+Jul+1971&amp;rft.date=1971&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist19710720%23page%2Fn36%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Foak%2Bstreet&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/en/structures/oak-street-bridge">"Structure of the Oak St. Bridge"</a>. <i>www.structurae.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.structurae.net&amp;rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+Oak+St.+Bridge&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstructurae.net%2Fen%2Fstructures%2Foak-street-bridge&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/driving-and-transportation/reports-and-reference/reports-and-studies/frontier_to_freeway.pdf#page=30">"Frontier to Freeway"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www2.gov.bc.ca</i>. p.&#160;29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www2.gov.bc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Frontier+to+Freeway&amp;rft.pages=29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.gov.bc.ca%2Fassets%2Fgov%2Fdriving-and-transportation%2Freports-and-reference%2Freports-and-studies%2Ffrontier_to_freeway.pdf%23page%3D30&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0373858#p169z-3r0f:oak">"Highways Annual Report 1970–71"</a>. <i>www.open.library.ubc.ca</i>. p.&#160;B71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.open.library.ubc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Highways+Annual+Report+1970%E2%80%9371&amp;rft.pages=B71&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%2Fcollections%2Fbcsessional%2Fitems%2F1.0373858%23p169z-3r0f%3Aoak&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0377902#p57z-3r0f:oa">"Highways and Public Works Annual Report 1975–76"</a>. <i>www.open.library.ubc.ca</i>. p.&#160;B58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.open.library.ubc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Highways+and+Public+Works+Annual+Report+1975%E2%80%9376&amp;rft.pages=B58&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%2Fcollections%2Fbcsessional%2Fitems%2F1.0377902%23p57z-3r0f%3Aoa&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-THAR8081-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-THAR8081_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-THAR8081_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0372778#p269z-3r0f:oak">"Transportation and Highways Annual Report 1980–81"</a>. <i>www.open.library.ubc.ca</i>. pp.&#160;270 &amp; 419.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.open.library.ubc.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Transportation+and+Highways+Annual+Report+1980%E2%80%9381&amp;rft.pages=270+%26+419&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopen.library.ubc.ca%2Fcollections%2Fbcsessional%2Fitems%2F1.0372778%23p269z-3r0f%3Aoak&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.richmond.ca/services/ttp/around/agencies.htm">"Transportation Agencies"</a>. <i>www.richmond.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.richmond.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Transportation+Agencies&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.richmond.ca%2Fservices%2Fttp%2Faround%2Fagencies.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.richmond.ca/services/ttp/cycling/cycling_maps.htm">"Cycling: Bridge Crossings"</a>. <i>www.richmond.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.richmond.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Cycling%3A+Bridge+Crossings&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.richmond.ca%2Fservices%2Fttp%2Fcycling%2Fcycling_maps.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDawe199650-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199650_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199650_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDawe199650_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDawe1996">Dawe 1996</a>, p.&#160;50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dailycolonist0755uvic_16#page/n4/mode/1up/search/oak+street">"The Daily Colonist, 22 Jul 1955"</a>. <i>www.archive.org</i>. 1955.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+22+Jul+1955&amp;rft.date=1955&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist0755uvic_16%23page%2Fn4%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Foak%2Bstreet&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://searcharchives.vancouver.ca/uploads/r/null/3/4/d/34d08e4ab7e0ede01d29ff9549cbb74f4269e1afdcf09c8fc687e8a310c9542d/d0b352a2-5800-4eb0-8c25-0a12459fb081-LEG1328.4.jpg">"Vancouver street map, 1962"</a>. <i>www.vancouver.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.vancouver.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Vancouver+street+map%2C+1962&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearcharchives.vancouver.ca%2Fuploads%2Fr%2Fnull%2F3%2F4%2Fd%2F34d08e4ab7e0ede01d29ff9549cbb74f4269e1afdcf09c8fc687e8a310c9542d%2Fd0b352a2-5800-4eb0-8c25-0a12459fb081-LEG1328.4.jpg&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/vancouver/comments/dj7hfp/tbt_oak_street_bridge_toll_plaza_looking_south">"Image: Southeastward showing toll plaza, Delport Inn, and Cambie Rd. underpass, c.1963"</a>. <i>www.reddit.com</i>. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+22+Aug+1963&amp;rft.date=1963&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist19630822%23page%2Fn31%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Foak%2Bstreet&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dailycolonist19640401#page/n4/mode/1up/search/oak+street">"The Daily Colonist, 1 Apr 1964"</a>. <i>www.archive.org</i>. 1964.</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+2+Jun+1964&amp;rft.date=1964&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist19640602%23page%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Foak%2Bstreet&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0373696#p188z-3r0f:oak">"Highways Annual Report 1969–70"</a>. <i>www.open.library.ubc.ca</i>. pp.&#160;C102 &amp; C189.</cite><span 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(1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=576874">"Oak St. Bridge deck rehabilitation"</a>. <i>Cost Effectiveness Through Innovation: Proceedings of the 1996 TA Annual Conference, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, October 6 1997</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=conference&amp;rft.atitle=Oak+St.+Bridge+deck+rehabilitation&amp;rft.btitle=Cost+Effectiveness+Through+Innovation%3A+Proceedings+of+the+1996+TA+Annual+Conference%2C+Charlottetown%2C+Prince+Edward+Island%2C+October+6+1997&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.aulast=Hamersley&amp;rft.aufirst=B.&amp;rft.au=Jennings%2C+D.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrid.trb.org%2Fview.aspx%3Fid%3D576874&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (July 2023)">verification needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDingHamersley2002" class="citation conference cs1">Ding, Yuming; Hamersley, Bruce (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/13_3279.pdf"><i>Seismic Upgrade of Oak Street Bridge with GFRP</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Art.&#160;3279. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:166224239">166224239</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=conference&amp;rft.btitle=Seismic+Upgrade+of+Oak+Street+Bridge+with+GFRP&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A166224239%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft.aulast=Ding&amp;rft.aufirst=Yuming&amp;rft.au=Hamersley%2C+Bruce&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iitk.ac.in%2Fnicee%2Fwcee%2Farticle%2F13_3279.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marpolehistorical.ca">"Marpole history"</a>. <i>www.marpolehistorical.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.marpolehistorical.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Marpole+history&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marpolehistorical.ca&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dailycolonist19680308#page/n35/mode/1up/search/airport+inn">"The Daily Colonist, 8 Mar 1968"</a>. <i>www.archive.org</i>. 1968.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.archive.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Daily+Colonist%2C+8+Mar+1968&amp;rft.date=1968&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdailycolonist19680308%23page%2Fn35%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Fairport%2Binn&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kelownadailycourier.ca/business_news/local_business/article_b8c37edc-a768-11e4-866a-c7cb83d0f2ae.html">"Kelowna Daily Courier, 28 Jan 2015"</a>. <i>www.kelownadailycourier.ca</i>. January 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.kelownadailycourier.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Kelowna+Daily+Courier%2C+28+Jan+2015&amp;rft.date=2015-01-28&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kelownadailycourier.ca%2Fbusiness_news%2Flocal_business%2Farticle_b8c37edc-a768-11e4-866a-c7cb83d0f2ae.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://richmondarchives.ca">"Reach for the Sky – The Dawn of the High-Rise in Richmond, 28 Nov 2019"</a>. <i>www.richmondarchives.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.richmondarchives.ca&amp;rft.atitle=Reach+for+the+Sky+%E2%80%93+The+Dawn+of+the+High-Rise+in+Richmond%2C+28+Nov+2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frichmondarchives.ca&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.travelweekly.com/Hotels/Richmond-BC/Abercorn-Inn-p51539706">"Abercorn Inn profile"</a>. <i>www.travelweekly.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.travelweekly.com&amp;rft.atitle=Abercorn+Inn+profile&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelweekly.com%2FHotels%2FRichmond-BC%2FAbercorn-Inn-p51539706&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.travelweekly.com/Hotels/Richmond-BC/Travelodge-Hotel-Vancouver-Airport-p3852162">"Travelodge Hotel profile"</a>. <i>www.travelweekly.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.travelweekly.com&amp;rft.atitle=Travelodge+Hotel+profile&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelweekly.com%2FHotels%2FRichmond-BC%2FTravelodge-Hotel-Vancouver-Airport-p3852162&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.travelweekly.com/Hotels/Richmond-BC/Accent-Inn-Vancouver-Airport-p3648240">"Accent Inn profile"</a>. <i>www.travelweekly.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.travelweekly.com&amp;rft.atitle=Accent+Inn+profile&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelweekly.com%2FHotels%2FRichmond-BC%2FAccent-Inn-Vancouver-Airport-p3648240&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.travelweekly.com/Hotels/Richmond-BC/Sandman-Hotel-Vancouver-Airport-p4046149">"Sandman Hotel Airport profile"</a>. <i>www.travelweekly.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.travelweekly.com&amp;rft.atitle=Sandman+Hotel+Airport+profile&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelweekly.com%2FHotels%2FRichmond-BC%2FSandman-Hotel-Vancouver-Airport-p4046149&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westerninvestor.com/news/british-columbia/two-marriott-hotels-coming-to-new-richmond-mixed-use-development-1.23802991">"Two Marriot hotels coming to Richmond, 25 Apr 2019"</a>. <i>www.westerninvestor.com</i>. April 25, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.westerninvestor.com&amp;rft.atitle=Two+Marriot+hotels+coming+to+Richmond%2C+25+Apr+2019&amp;rft.date=2019-04-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.westerninvestor.com%2Fnews%2Fbritish-columbia%2Ftwo-marriott-hotels-coming-to-new-richmond-mixed-use-development-1.23802991&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/vancouver-hotel-developments">"Daily Hive, 6 Dec 2019"</a>. <i>www.dailyhive.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.dailyhive.com&amp;rft.atitle=Daily+Hive%2C+6+Dec+2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailyhive.com%2Fvancouver%2Fvancouver-hotel-developments&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oak_Street_Bridge&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawe1996" class="citation book cs1">Dawe, Alan (1996). <i>Richmond and its Bridges</i>. City of Richmond Archives. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9690031-2-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9690031-2-9"><bdi>0-9690031-2-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Richmond+and+its+Bridges&amp;rft.pub=City+of+Richmond+Archives&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.isbn=0-9690031-2-9&amp;rft.aulast=Dawe&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOak+Street+Bridge" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Crossings_of_the_Fraser_River" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Crossings of the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table width="100%"><tbody><tr> <td width="33%"><b>Upstream</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Knight_Street_Bridge" title="Knight Street Bridge">Knight Street Bridge</a><br /></td> <td width="34%" style="border-left:1px solid #aaaaaa;border-right:1px solid #aaaaaa;"><b>Oak Street Bridge</b><br /></td> <td width="33%"><b>Downstream</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Marpole_Bridge" title="Marpole Bridge">Marpole CP Rail Bridge</a><br /></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BC_Place" title="BC Place">BC Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatty_Street_Drill_Hall" title="Beatty Street Drill Hall">Beatty Street Drill Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentall_Centre_(Vancouver)" title="Bentall Centre (Vancouver)">Bentall Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bentall_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Bentall 5">Bentall 5</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BowMac_sign" title="BowMac sign">BowMac sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Place" title="Canada Place">Canada Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBC_Regional_Broadcast_Centre_Vancouver" title="CBC Regional Broadcast Centre Vancouver">CBC Regional Broadcast Centre Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Heat_Distribution" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Heat Distribution">Central Heat Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Building" title="Dominion Building">Dominion Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/750_Burrard_Street" title="750 Burrard Street">Former Vancouver Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Langley_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Langley National Historic Site">Fort Langley National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Georgia_Cannery" title="Gulf of Georgia Cannery">Gulf of Georgia Cannery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._R._MacMillan_Space_Centre" title="H. R. MacMillan Space Centre">H. R. MacMillan Space Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbour_Centre" title="Harbour Centre">Harbour Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Europe_(Vancouver)" title="Hotel Europe (Vancouver)">Hotel Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Georgia_(Vancouver)" title="Hotel Georgia (Vancouver)">Hotel Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Vancouver" title="Hotel Vancouver">Hotel Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Buddhist_Temple" title="International Buddhist Temple">International Buddhist Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_Shangri-La" title="Living Shangri-La">Living Shangri-La</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Building" title="Marine Building">Marine Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Wall_Centre" title="One Wall Centre">One Wall Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheum_(Vancouver)" title="Orpheum (Vancouver)">Orpheum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Central_Station" title="Pacific Central Station">Pacific Central Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coliseum" title="Pacific Coliseum">Pacific Coliseum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Royal_Shopping_Centre" title="Park Royal Shopping Centre">Park Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parq_Vancouver" title="Parq Vancouver">Parq Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Arena" title="Rogers Arena">Rogers Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Centre_(Vancouver)" title="Royal Centre (Vancouver)">Royal Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Vancouver_Yacht_Club" title="Royal Vancouver Yacht Club">Royal Vancouver Yacht Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_World_(Vancouver)" title="Science World (Vancouver)">Science World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaforth_Armoury" title="Seaforth Armoury">Seaforth Armoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaw_Tower_(Vancouver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaw Tower (Vancouver)">Shaw Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Centre" title="Sinclair Centre">Sinclair Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Industrial_Alliance_Stage" title="Stanley Industrial Alliance Stage">Stanley Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Tower" title="Sun Tower">Sun Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Hotel" title="Sylvia Hotel">Sylvia Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Art_Gallery" title="Vancouver Art Gallery">Vancouver Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_City_Hall" title="Vancouver City Hall">Vancouver City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Public_Library" title="Vancouver Public Library">Vancouver Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterfront_Station_(Vancouver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterfront Station (Vancouver)">Waterfront Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Roller_Coaster_(Playland)" title="Wooden Roller Coaster (Playland)">Wooden Roller Coaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Vancouver" title="List of tallest buildings in Vancouver">List of tallest buildings in Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyatt_Regency_Vancouver" title="Hyatt Regency Vancouver">Hyatt Regency Vancouver</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vancouver_Landsat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Metro Vancouver"><img alt="Metro Vancouver" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vancouver_Landsat.jpg/60px-Vancouver_Landsat.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vancouver_Landsat.jpg/90px-Vancouver_Landsat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vancouver_Landsat.jpg/120px-Vancouver_Landsat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Metro Vancouver</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Fraser_Bridge" title="Alex Fraser Bridge">Alex Fraser Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laing_Bridge" title="Arthur Laing Bridge">Arthur Laing Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrard_Bridge" title="Burrard Bridge">Burrard Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambie_Bridge" title="Cambie Bridge">Cambie Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capilano_Suspension_Bridge" title="Capilano Suspension Bridge">Capilano Suspension Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Viaduct" title="Georgia Viaduct">Georgia Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Ears_Bridge" title="Golden Ears Bridge">Golden Ears Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Street_Bridge" title="Granville Street Bridge">Granville Street Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironworkers_Memorial_Second_Narrows_Crossing" title="Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing">Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_Street_Bridge" title="Knight Street Bridge">Knight Street Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lions_Gate_Bridge" title="Lions Gate Bridge">Lions Gate Bridge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oak Street Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattullo_Bridge" title="Pattullo Bridge">Pattullo Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitt_River_Bridge" title="Pitt River Bridge">Pitt River Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Mann_Bridge" title="Port Mann Bridge">Port Mann Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensborough_Bridge" title="Queensborough Bridge">Queensborough Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skybridge_(TransLink)" title="Skybridge (TransLink)">Skybridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Vancouver" title="Chinatown, Vancouver">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Drive,_Vancouver" title="Commercial Drive, Vancouver">Commercial Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastown" title="Gastown">Gastown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Village_(Richmond,_British_Columbia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Village (Richmond, British Columbia)">Golden Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Island" title="Granville Island">Granville Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsilano_Beach" title="Kitsilano Beach">Kitsilano Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrotown,_Burnaby" title="Metrotown, Burnaby">Metrotown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Market,_Vancouver" title="Punjabi Market, Vancouver">Punjabi Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robson_Square" title="Robson Square">Robson Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Park" title="Stanley Park">Stanley Park</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Aquarium" title="Vancouver Aquarium">Vancouver Aquarium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burnaby_Mountain" title="Burnaby Mountain">Burnaby Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrard_Inlet" title="Burrard Inlet">Burrard Inlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrard_Peninsula" title="Burrard Peninsula">Burrard Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypress_Mountain_Ski_Area" title="Cypress Mountain Ski Area">Cypress Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Bay_(Vancouver)" class="mw-redirect" title="English Bay (Vancouver)">English Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_Creek" title="False Creek">False Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_River" title="Fraser River">Fraser River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Ears_(peaks)" title="Golden Ears (peaks)">Golden Ears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grouse_Mountain" title="Grouse Mountain">Grouse Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Arm" title="Indian Arm">Indian Arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lions_(peaks)" title="The Lions (peaks)">The Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Seymour" title="Mount Seymour">Mount Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Point_Grey" title="West Point Grey">Point Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Park,_British_Columbia" title="Queen Elizabeth Park, British Columbia">Little Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐65c9bb7d57‐t9zgn Cached time: 20241206052238 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.646 seconds Real time usage: 0.875 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3934/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 94414/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4402/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip 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