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<div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Mrežno mjesto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kvark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kvark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kvark</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kvark-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Kvark</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kvark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asimptotska_sloboda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asimptotska_sloboda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Asimptotska sloboda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asimptotska_sloboda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kvantna_statistika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kvantna_statistika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kvantna statistika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kvantna_statistika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Frank Anthony Wilczek</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 65 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B2%D9%83" title="فرانك ويلكزك – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرانك ويلكزك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B2%D9%83" title="فرانك ويلكزك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فرانك ويلكزك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%86%DA%A9" title="فرانک ویلچک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فرانک ویلچک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BA" title="Фрэнк Вільчэк – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фрэнк Вільчэк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Франк Уилчек – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Франк Уилчек" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95" title="ফ্রাঙ্ক অ্যান্থনি উইলচেক – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্রাঙ্ক অ্যান্থনি উইলচেক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BA_%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BB%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA" title="Φρανκ Γουίλτσεκ – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φρανκ Γουίλτσεκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%86%DA%A9" title="فرانک ویلچک – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرانک ویلچک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A7_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A6%27%D7%A7" title="פרנק וילצ'ק – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרנק וילצ'ק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="फ्रैंक विल्चेक – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ्रैंक विल्चेक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AF_%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B9%D5%A5%D5%AF" title="Ֆրենկ Վիլչեկ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրենկ Վիլչեկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="フランク・ウィルチェック – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランク・ウィルチェック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%AD%ED%81%AC_%EC%9C%8C%EC%B2%B5" title="프랭크 윌첵 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랭크 윌첵" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Франк Вилчек – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Франк Вилчек" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="फ्रँक विल्चेक – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रँक विल्चेक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%86%DA%A9" title="فرانک ویلچک – mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فرانک ویلچک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Anthony_Wilczek" title="Frank Anthony Wilczek – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Frank Anthony Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="फ्र्यान्क विल्चेक – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="फ्र्यान्क विल्चेक" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فرینک ولسزیک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فرینک ولسزیک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Anthony_Wilczek" title="Frank Anthony Wilczek – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Frank Anthony Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Вильчек, Фрэнк – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вильчек, Фрэнк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="फ्रान्क विल्चेक – sanskrtski" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फ्रान्क विल्चेक" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrtski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Anthony_Wilczek" title="Frank Anthony Wilczek – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Frank Anthony Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Френк Вилчек – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Френк Вилчек" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="பிரான்க் வில்செக் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரான்க் வில்செக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D3%99%D2%A3%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Фрәңк Вилчек – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фрәңк Вилчек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Френк Вільчек – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Френк Вільчек" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فرانک ولزیک – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرانک ولزیک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%88%87%E5%85%8B" title="弗兰克·维尔切克 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗兰克·维尔切克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – jorupski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorupski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94%E5%88%87%E5%85%8B" title="弗朗克·韦尔切克 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗朗克·韦尔切克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek – min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Frank Wilczek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q107450#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Anthony_Wilczek" title="Pogledaj sadržaj [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovorna stranica (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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href="/wiki/Frank_Anthony_Wilczek"><span>Čitaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kôd ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kôd</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=history" title="Ranije izmjene na ovoj stranici [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vidi povijest</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Anthony Wilczek</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg/200px-Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg/300px-Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg/400px-Nobel_Laureate_Frank_Wilczek_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1466" /></a></span><br />Wilczek 2007.</td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #DDDDDD;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Rođenje </th> <td><a href="/wiki/15._svibnja" title="15. svibnja">15. svibnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1951." title="1951.">1951.</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mineola (stranica ne postoji)">Mineola</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="New York">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/SAD" class="mw-redirect" title="SAD">SAD</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Državljanstvo </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Amerikanci" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerikanci">Amerikanac</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Polje </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">Fizika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Institucija </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_u_Stockholmu" title="Sveučilište u Stockholmu">Sveučilište u Stockholmu</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Princeton" title="Sveučilište Princeton">Sveučilište Princeton</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kalifornija" title="Kalifornija">Kalifornijsko</a> sveučilište u <a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_Kalifornija" title="Santa Barbara, Kalifornija">Santa Barbari</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">Massachusettski tehnološki institut u Cambridgeu</a> <br /> Sveučilište u <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0angaj" title="Šangaj">Šangaju</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Alma mater </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Princeton" title="Sveučilište Princeton">Sveučilište Princeton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Akademski mentor </th> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Jonathan_Gross" title="David Jonathan Gross">David Jonathan Gross</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Poznat po </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Asimptotska_sloboda" title="Asimptotska sloboda">Asimptotska sloboda</a> <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkova</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_kromodinamika" title="Kvantna kromodinamika">Kvantna kromodinamika</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvantna_statistika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvantna statistika (stranica ne postoji)">Kvantna statistika</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Istaknute nagrade </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">Nobelova nagrada za fiziku</a> (<a href="/wiki/2004." title="2004.">2004.</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e8e8ff; padding-top:3px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%C5%BDivotopis" title="Portal:Životopis">Portal o životopisima</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Nuclear_Force_anim_smaller.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Nuclear_Force_anim_smaller.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="337" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Animacija" title="Animacija">Animacija</a> međudjelovanja <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jake nuklearne sile</a> (ili <a href="/wiki/Rezidualna_jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Rezidualna jaka nuklearna sila">rezidualne jake nuklearne sile</a>). Mali obojeni dvostruki diskovi su <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluoni</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Frank Anthony Wilczek</b> ili samo <b>Frank Wilczek</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mineola (stranica ne postoji)">Mineola</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="New York">New York</a>, 15. svibnja 1951.), američki <a href="/wiki/Fizi%C4%8Dar" title="Fizičar">fizičar</a>. <a href="/wiki/Diploma" title="Diploma">Diplomirao</a> (1972.) i <a href="/wiki/Doktor" title="Doktor">doktorirao</a> (1974.) na <a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Princeton" title="Sveučilište Princeton">Princetonskom sveučilištu</a>, gdje je i bio <a href="/wiki/Profesor" title="Profesor">profesor</a> (od 1974. do 1981. i od 1989. do 2000.). Radio je u Institutu za napredna istraživanja u Princetonu (od 1976. do 1977.), u Institutu za napredna istraživanja u <a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_Kalifornija" title="Santa Barbara, Kalifornija">Santa Barbari</a> (od 1980. do 1988.), na <a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">Massachusettskom tehnološkom institutu u Cambridgeu</a> (od 2000.). Njegovo istraživanje obuhvaća široko područje tema, od fizike <a href="/wiki/Kondenzirana_tvar" title="Kondenzirana tvar">kondenzirane tvari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrofizika" title="Astrofizika">astrofizike</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kozmologija" title="Kozmologija">kozmologije</a>, do <a href="/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica">fizike elementarnih čestica</a>. Otkrio je kako se <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkovi</a> na maloj međusobnoj udaljenosti <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" title="Gibanje">gibaju</a> kao slobodne <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" class="mw-redirect" title="Čestica">čestice</a> i kako se s povećanjem razmaka privlačna <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">sila</a> među njima naglo povećava pa se ne mogu razdvojiti. Ta je pojava kasnije nazvana <a href="/wiki/Asimptotska_sloboda" title="Asimptotska sloboda">asimptotska sloboda</a>. Član je <a href="/wiki/Nacionalna_akademija_znanosti" title="Nacionalna akademija znanosti">Nacionalne akademije znanosti SAD-a</a> (od 1990.) i <a href="/wiki/Ameri%C4%8Dka_akademija_umjetnosti_i_znanosti" title="Američka akademija umjetnosti i znanosti">Američke akademije umjetnosti i znanosti</a> (od 1993.). Za otkriće asimptotske slobode u teoriji <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jakoga međudjelovanja</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jaka nuklearna sila</a>) s <a href="/wiki/David_Jonathan_Gross" title="David Jonathan Gross">D. J. Grossom</a> i <a href="/wiki/Hugh_David_Politzer" title="Hugh David Politzer">H. D. Politzerom</a>, dobio je <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">Nobelovu nagradu za fiziku</a> 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kvark">Kvark</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Kvark" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kvark"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7016135">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">Kvark</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Kvark</b> (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng</a>. <i>quark</i>, naziv što ga je uveo američki fizičar <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Murray Gell-Mann</a> po riječi iz <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">Joyceova</a> romana <i>Bdjenje nad Finneganom</i>) je <a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" title="Elementarna čestica">elementarna čestica</a>, sastavnica <a href="/wiki/Hadroni" title="Hadroni">hadrona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_naboj" title="Električni naboj">električnoga naboja</a> ±e/3 ili ±2e/3, podložna <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jakom međudjelovanju</a>. Sve do otkrića Ω<sup>–</sup> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" class="mw-redirect" title="Čestica">čestice</a> kvarkovima se pridjeljivalo čisto <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematičko</a> značenje. Prve naznake njihove fizikalne stvarnosti (realnosti) pojavile su se u <a href="/wiki/Pokus" title="Pokus">pokusima</a> duboko neelastičnoga <a href="/wiki/Raspr%C5%A1enje" title="Raspršenje">raspršenja</a> <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektrona</a> na <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protonima</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Stanford" title="Sveučilište Stanford">Stanfordskome</a> <a href="/wiki/Ubrziva%C4%8D_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubrzivač čestica">linearnom ubrzivaču čestica</a> 1962. Opažanje raspršenja pod velikim <a href="/wiki/Kut" title="Kut">kutovima</a> (kakva su prije opažena u <a href="/wiki/Pokus_s_alfa-%C4%8Desticama_i_zlatnim_listi%C4%87em" title="Pokus s alfa-česticama i zlatnim listićem">Rutherfordovim pokusima raspršenja alfa-čestica na listićima zlata</a>) upućivalo je na postojanje tvrdih točkastih "jezgri" unutar protona. Slični pokusi provedeni potom <a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">neutrinskim</a> snopovima na <a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a>-u nedvojbeno su potvrdili da je riječ o česticama trećinskog električnog naboja i polucijeloga <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spina</a>. Za istraživanja putem duboko neelastičnih raspršenja kojima su ustanovljeni kvarkovi dodijeljena je <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">Nobelova nagrada za fiziku</a> 1990. J. I. Friedmanu, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">H. W. Kendallu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edward_Taylor" title="Richard Edward Taylor">R. E. Tayloru</a>. </p><p>Godine 1974. otkriven je c-kvark (Nobelova nagrada 1976. B. Richteru i <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chao_Chung_Ting" title="Samuel Chao Chung Ting">S. C. C. Tingu</a> za otkriće <a href="/wiki/J/%CF%88_mezon" title="J/ψ mezon">J/ψ mezona</a>). Slijedilo je i otkriće b-kvarka (1977.) i t-kvarka (1994.). Time je bio zaokružen skup kvarkova koji s <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptonima</a> čine temeljne građevne blokove opažene tvari (<a href="/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica">fizika elementarnih čestica</a>). Riječ je o česticama <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spina</a> 1/2, koje se pojavljuju u različitim vrstama, okusima, svrstanima u obitelji ili naraštaje. Tvari koje nas okružuju građene su od gornjega i donjega kvarka (u i d, od engl. <i>up</i> i <i>down</i>) prvog naraštaja. Takav uzorak s donjim kvarkom električnoga naboja (–1/3)e i gornjim kvarkom naboja (+2/3)e ponavlja se u drugome naraštaju s kvarkovima stranog i čarobnog okusa (s i c, od engl. <i>strange</i> i <i>charm</i>) te kvarkom ljepote i istine (b i t, od engl. <i>beauty</i> i <i>truth</i>) trećega naraštaja. Svaki se od navedenih kvarkova pojavljuje u tri boje. Te se boje shvaćaju kao naboji na koje se vežu <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluoni</a>, prijenosnici <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jakoga međudjelovanja</a> opisanoga <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_kromodinamika" title="Kvantna kromodinamika">kvantnom kromodinamikom</a>. </p><p>Na maloj međusobnoj udaljenosti (manjoj od 10<sup>–15</sup> <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">metara</a>) kvarkovi se gibaju kao slobodne čestice, a na većim udaljenostima djeluju iznimno velikim privlačnim <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">silama</a> te se zbog toga ne mogu izdvojiti iz <a href="/wiki/Hadroni" title="Hadroni">hadrona</a> kao zasebne čestice (<a href="/wiki/Asimptotska_sloboda" title="Asimptotska sloboda">asimptotska sloboda</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asimptotska_sloboda">Asimptotska sloboda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Asimptotska sloboda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Asimptotska sloboda"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Asimptotska_sloboda" title="Asimptotska sloboda">Asimptotska sloboda</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Asimptotska sloboda</b> je svojstvo <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkova</a> da se <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" title="Gibanje">gibaju</a> kao slobodne <a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" title="Elementarna čestica">elementarne čestice</a> na maloj međusobnoj udaljenosti (manjoj od 10<sup>–15</sup> <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">metara</a>), a da djeluju iznimno velikim privlačnim <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">silama</a> na većim udaljenostima te da se zbog toga ne mogu izdvojiti iz <a href="/wiki/Hadroni" title="Hadroni">hadrona</a> kao zasebne čestice. Danas je ona jedna od temeljnih pretpostavki <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_kromodinamika" title="Kvantna kromodinamika">kvantne kromodinamike</a>, a otkrili su je 1973. F. A. Wilczek, <a href="/wiki/David_Jonathan_Gross" title="David Jonathan Gross">D. J. Gross</a> i neovisno <a href="/wiki/Hugh_David_Politzer" title="Hugh David Politzer">H. D. Politzer</a> te za njezino otkriće dobili <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">Nobelovu nagradu za fiziku</a> 2004. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kvantna_statistika">Kvantna statistika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Kvantna statistika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kvantna statistika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvantna_statistika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvantna statistika (stranica ne postoji)">Kvantna statistika</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Kvantna statistika</b> je grana <a href="/wiki/Statistika" title="Statistika">statističke</a> fizike kojoj je temelj <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kvantna mehanika">kvantna mehanika</a>. Bitna je razlika u odnosu na klasičnu statističku fiziku kvantnomehaničko nerazlikovanje <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" class="mw-redirect" title="Čestica">čestica</a>. Ono rezultira statističkom neodređenošću, koja je posljedica nepotpunoga poznavanja stanja sustava na mikroskopskoj razini. Statistička neodređenost pridodana je već postojećoj neodređenosti iskazanoj <a href="/wiki/Heisenbergovo_na%C4%8Delo_neodre%C4%91enosti" title="Heisenbergovo načelo neodređenosti">Heisenbergovim relacijama neodređenosti</a>. Sama formalna struktura (primjena statističkoga mnoštva te osnovne značajke ravnotežne statistike, poput izvođenja <a href="/wiki/Termodinamika" title="Termodinamika">termodinamičkoga</a> potencijala iz particijskih <a href="/wiki/Suma" class="mw-disambig" title="Suma">suma</a>) preuzeta je iz <a href="/wiki/Klasi%C4%8Dna_fizika" title="Klasična fizika">klasične statističke fizike</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <b>Wilczek, Frank Anthony</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/natuknica.aspx?ID=66147">[1]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 7. siječnja 2020.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#d3d3d3;" colspan="2" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;background:#d3d3d3;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Predložak:Nobelova nagrada za fiziku"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";background:#d3d3d3;;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Razgovor_o_predlo%C5%A1ku:Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Razgovor o predlošku:Nobelova nagrada za fiziku"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#d3d3d3;;border:none;;" title="Razgovor o ovom predlošku.">r</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#d3d3d3;;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Dobitnici_Nobelove_nagrade_za_fiziku" title="Kategorija:Dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za fiziku">Dobitnici</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">Nobelove nagrade za fiziku</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1900-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1900-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1901. <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen</a>  <b>·</b> 1902. <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Antoon_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Antoon Lorentz">Hendrik Antoon Lorentz</a> i <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Pieter Zeeman</a>  <b>·</b> 1903. <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Henri_Becquerel" title="Antoine Henri Becquerel">Antoine Henri Becquerel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">Pierre Curie</a> i <a href="/wiki/Maria_Sk%C5%82odowska-Curie" title="Maria Skłodowska-Curie">Marie Curie</a>  <b>·</b> 1904. <a href="/wiki/John_William_Strutt_Rayleigh" title="John William Strutt Rayleigh">John William Strutt Rayleigh</a>  <b>·</b> 1905. <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Philipp Lenard</a>  <b>·</b> 1906. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Joseph John Thomson</a>  <b>·</b> 1907. <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Albert Abraham Michelson</a>  <b>·</b> 1908. <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Gabriel Lippmann</a>  <b>·</b> 1909. <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a> i <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Braun" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Ferdinand Braun">Carl Ferdinand Braun</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1910-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1910-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1910. <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">Johannes Diderik van der Waals</a>  <b>·</b> 1911. <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wilhelm Wien</a>  <b>·</b> 1912. <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Nils Gustaf Dalén</a>  <b>·</b> 1913. <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Heike Kamerlingh Onnes</a>  <b>·</b> 1914. <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">Max von Laue</a>  <b>·</b> 1915. <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">William Henry Bragg</a> i <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">William Lawrence Bragg</a>  <b>·</b> 1917. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Charles Glover Barkla</a>  <b>·</b> 1918. <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>  <b>·</b> 1919. <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Johannes Stark</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1920-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1920-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1920. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edouard_Guillaume" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edouard Guillaume">Charles Edouard Guillaume</a>  <b>·</b> 1921. <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>  <b>·</b> 1922. <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohr</a>  <b>·</b> 1923. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Robert Andrews Millikan</a>  <b>·</b> 1924. <a href="/wiki/Karl_Manne_Georg_Siegbahn" title="Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn">Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn</a>  <b>·</b> 1925. <a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">James Franck</a> i <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">Gustav Ludwig Hertz</a>  <b>·</b> 1926. <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Jean Baptiste Perrin</a>  <b>·</b> 1927. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Holly_Compton" title="Arthur Holly Compton">Arthur Holly Compton</a> i <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">Charles Thomson Rees Wilson</a>  <b>·</b> 1928. <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">Owen Willans Richardson</a>  <b>·</b> 1929. <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">Louis de Broglie</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1930-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1930-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1930. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Candrasekara_Venkata_Raman" title="Čandrasekara Venkata Raman">Čandrasekara Venkata Raman</a>  <b>·</b> 1932. <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a>  <b>·</b> 1933. <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Erwin Schrödinger</a> i <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac</a>  <b>·</b> 1935. <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">James Chadwick</a>  <b>·</b> 1936. <a href="/wiki/Victor_Franz_Hess" title="Victor Franz Hess">Victor Franz Hess</a> i <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">Carl David Anderson</a>  <b>·</b> 1937. <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Joseph_Davisson" title="Clinton Joseph Davisson">Clinton Joseph Davisson</a> i <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">George Paget Thomson</a>  <b>·</b> 1938. <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a>  <b>·</b> 1939. <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Orlando_Lawrence" title="Ernest Orlando Lawrence">Ernest Orlando Lawrence</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1940-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1940-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1943. <a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Otto Stern</a>  <b>·</b> 1944. <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Isaac Rabi</a>  <b>·</b> 1945. <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ernst_Pauli" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfgang Ernst Pauli">Wolfgang Pauli</a>  <b>·</b> 1946. <a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Percy Williams Bridgman</a>  <b>·</b> 1947. <a href="/wiki/Edward_Appleton" title="Edward Appleton">Edward Victor Appleton</a>  <b>·</b> 1948. <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Maynard_Stuart_Blackett" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett">Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett</a>  <b>·</b> 1949. <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Jukava" title="Hideki Jukava">Hideki Jukava</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1950-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1950-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1950. <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Frank_Powell" title="Cecil Frank Powell">Cecil Frank Powell</a>  <b>·</b> 1951. <a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">John Douglas Cockcroft</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton</a>  <b>·</b> 1952. <a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Felix Bloch</a> i <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Edward Mills Purcell</a>  <b>·</b> 1953. <a href="/wiki/Frits_(Frederik)_Zernike" class="mw-redirect" title="Frits (Frederik) Zernike">Frits (Frederik) Zernike</a>  <b>·</b> 1954. <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Max Born</a> i <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Walther Bothe</a>  <b>·</b> 1955. <a href="/wiki/Willis_Eugene_Lamb" title="Willis Eugene Lamb">Willis Eugene Lamb</a>  <b>·</b> 1956. <a href="/wiki/William_Bradford_Shockley" title="William Bradford Shockley">William Bradford Shockley</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a> i <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Walter Houser Brattain</a>  <b>·</b> 1957. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cen_Ning_Jang" class="mw-redirect" title="Čen Ning Jang">Čen Ning Jang</a> i <a href="/wiki/Cung-Dao_Li" class="mw-redirect" title="Cung-Dao Li">Cung-Dao Li</a>  <b>·</b> 1958. <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Aleksejevi%C4%8D_%C4%8Cerenkov" title="Pavel Aleksejevič Čerenkov">Pavel Aleksejevič Čerenkov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Mihajlovi%C4%8D_Frank" title="Ilja Mihajlovič Frank">Ilja Mihajlovič Frank</a> i <a href="/wiki/Igor_Jevgenijevi%C4%8D_Tamm" class="mw-redirect" title="Igor Jevgenijevič Tamm">Igor Jevgenijevič Tamm</a>  <b>·</b> 1959. <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Emilio Gino Segre</a> i <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Owen Chamberlain</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1960-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1960-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1960. <a href="/wiki/Donald_Glaser" title="Donald Glaser">Donald Arthur Glaser</a>  <b>·</b> 1961. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Robert Hofstadter</a> i <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Ludwig_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer">Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer</a>  <b>·</b> 1962. <a href="/wiki/Lev_Davidovi%C4%8D_Landau" title="Lev Davidovič Landau">Lev Davidovič Landau</a>  <b>·</b> 1963. <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Eugene Paul Wigner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Maria Goeppert-Mayer</a> i <a href="/wiki/J._Hans_D._Jensen" class="mw-redirect" title="J. Hans D. Jensen">J. Hans D. Jensen</a>  <b>·</b> 1964. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Charles Hard Townes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Genadijevi%C4%8D_Basov" title="Nikolaj Genadijevič Basov">Nikolaj Genadijevič Basov</a> i <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Prohorov" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksandar Prohorov">Aleksandar Prohorov</a>  <b>·</b> 1965. <a href="/wiki/Sin-Itiro_Tomonaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin-Itiro Tomonaga">Sin-Itiro Tomonaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" class="mw-redirect" title="Julian Schwinger">Julian Schwinger</a> i <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman"> Richard P. Feynman</a>  <b>·</b> 1966. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Alfred Kastler</a>  <b>·</b> 1967. <a href="/wiki/Hans_Albrecht_Bethe" title="Hans Albrecht Bethe">Hans Albrecht Bethe</a>  <b>·</b> 1968. <a href="/wiki/Luis_Alvarez" title="Luis Alvarez">Luis Walter Alvarez</a>  <b>·</b> 1969. <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Murray Gell-Mann</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1970-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1970-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1970. <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Olof_G%C3%B6sta_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén">Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén</a> i <a href="/wiki/Louis_Eugene_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugene Félix Néel">Louis Eugene Félix Néel</a>  <b>·</b> 1971. <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Dennis Gabor</a>  <b>·</b> 1972. <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Neil_Cooper" title="Leon Neil Cooper">Leon Neil Cooper</a> i <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" title="John Robert Schrieffer">John Robert Schrieffer</a>  <b>·</b> 1973. <a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Leo Esaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Ivar Giaever</a> i <a href="/wiki/Brian_David_Josephson" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian David Josephson">Brian David Josephson</a>  <b>·</b> 1974. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Martin Ryle</a> i <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Antony Hewish">Antony Hewish</a>  <b>·</b> 1975. <a href="/wiki/Aage_Niels_Bohr" title="Aage Niels Bohr">Aage Niels Bohr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Roy_Mottelson" title="Ben Roy Mottelson">Ben Roy Mottelson</a> i <a href="/wiki/Leo_James_Rainwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Leo James Rainwater">Leo James Rainwater</a>  <b>·</b> 1976. <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Burton Richter</a> i <a href="/wiki/Samuel_%C4%8Cao_%C4%8Cung_Ting" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Čao Čung Ting">Samuel Čao Čung Ting</a>  <b>·</b> 1977. <a href="/wiki/Philip_Warren_Anderson" title="Philip Warren Anderson">Philip Warren Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Nevill Francis Mott</a> i <a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_van_Vleck" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hasbrouck van Vleck">John Hasbrouck van Vleck</a>  <b>·</b> 1978. <a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Leonidovi%C4%8D_Kapica" title="Pjotr Leonidovič Kapica">Pjotr Leonidovič Kapica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arno_Penzias" class="mw-redirect" title="Arno Penzias">Arno Penzias</a> i <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">Robert Woodrow Wilson</a>  <b>·</b> 1979. <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Sheldon Lee Glashow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Abdus Salam</a> i <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Steven Weinberg</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1980-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1980-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1980. <a href="/wiki/James_Watson_Cronin" class="mw-redirect" title="James Watson Cronin">James Watson Cronin</a> i <a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Val Logsdon Fitch</a>  <b>·</b> 1981. <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Nicolaas Bloembergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_L._Schawlow" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur L. Schawlow">Arthur L. Schawlow</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kai_Manne_Siegbahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Kai Manne Siegbahn">Kai Manne Siegbahn</a>  <b>·</b> 1982. <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_G._Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth G. Wilson">Kenneth G. Wilson</a>  <b>·</b> 1983. <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanjan Čandrasehar</a> i <a href="/wiki/William_A._Fowler" class="mw-redirect" title="William A. Fowler">William A. Fowler</a>  <b>·</b> 1984. <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Carlo Rubbia</a> i <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">Simon van der Meer</a>  <b>·</b> 1985. <a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">Klaus von Klitzing</a>  <b>·</b> 1986. <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ernst Ruska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Gerd Binnig</a> i <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Heinrich Rohrer</a>  <b>·</b> 1987. <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Georg_Bednorz" title="Johannes Georg Bednorz">Johannes Georg Bednorz</a> i <a href="/wiki/Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Karl Alexander Müller</a>  <b>·</b> 1988. <a href="/wiki/Leon_M._Lederman" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon M. Lederman">Leon Max Lederman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Melvin Schwartz</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Jack Steinberger</a>  <b>·</b> 1989. <a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Norman Foster Ramsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Hans Georg Dehmelt</a> i <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Wolfgang Paul</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#1990-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">1990-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1990. <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Jerome Isaac Friedman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Henry Way Kendall</a> i <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edward_Taylor" title="Richard Edward Taylor">Richard Edward Taylor</a>  <b>·</b> 1991. <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">Pierre-Gilles de Gennes</a>  <b>·</b> 1992. <a href="/wiki/Georgij_Harpak" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgij Harpak">Georgij Harpak</a>  <b>·</b> 1993. <a href="/wiki/Russell_Alan_Hulse" title="Russell Alan Hulse">Russell Alan Hulse</a> i <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.">Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.</a>  <b>·</b> 1994. <a href="/wiki/Bertram_N._Brockhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertram N. Brockhouse">Bertram N. Brockhouse</a> i <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Shull" class="mw-redirect" title="Clifford Shull">Clifford Shull</a>  <b>·</b> 1995. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Martin Lewis Perl</a> i <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Frederick Reines</a>  <b>·</b> 1996. <a href="/wiki/David_Morris_Lee" title="David Morris Lee">David Morris Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_D._Osheroff" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas D. Osheroff">Douglas Dean Osheroff</a> i <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">Robert Coleman Richardson</a>  <b>·</b> 1997. <a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Steven Chu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Claude Cohen-Tannoudji</a> i <a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">William Daniel Phillips</a>  <b>·</b> 1998. <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Laughlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert B. Laughlin">Robert B. Laughlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Horst Ludwig Störmer</a> i <a href="/wiki/Daniel_%C4%8Ci_Cui" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Či Cui">Daniel Či Cui</a>  <b>·</b> 1999. <a href="/wiki/Gerardus_%27t_Hooft" title="Gerardus 't Hooft">Gerardus 't Hooft</a> i <a href="/wiki/Martinus_J.G._Veltman" class="mw-redirect" title="Martinus J.G. Veltman">Martinus J.G. Veltman</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#2000-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">2000-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">2000. <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDores_Ivanovi%C4%8D_Alfjorov" title="Žores Ivanovič Alfjorov">Žores Ivanovič Alfjorov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Herbert Kroemer</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jack_S._Kilby" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack S. Kilby">Jack S. Kilby</a>  <b>·</b> 2001. <a href="/wiki/Eric_Allin_Cornell" title="Eric Allin Cornell">Eric Allin Cornell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Wolfgang Ketterle</a> i <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Carl Edwin Wieman</a>  <b>·</b> 2002. <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Davis Jr.">Raymond Davis Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masato%C5%A1i_Ko%C5%A1iba" class="mw-redirect" title="Masatoši Košiba">Masatoši Košiba</a> i <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Riccardo Giacconi</a>  <b>·</b> 2003. <a href="/wiki/Aleksej_Aleksejevi%C4%8D_Abrikosov" title="Aleksej Aleksejevič Abrikosov">Aleksej Aleksejevič Abrikosov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitalij_Lazarevi%C4%8D_Ginzburg" title="Vitalij Lazarevič Ginzburg">Vitalij Lazarevič Ginzburg</a> i <a href="/wiki/Anthony_James_Leggett" title="Anthony James Leggett">Anthony James Leggett</a>  <b>·</b> 2004. <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" class="mw-redirect" title="David Gross">David J. Gross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_David_Politzer" title="Hugh David Politzer">H. David Politzer</a> i <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Wilczek">Frank Wilczek</a>  <b>·</b> 2005. <a href="/wiki/Theodor_H%C3%A4nsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodor Hänsch">Theodor Hänsch</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="John L. Hall">John Hall</a> i <a href="/wiki/Roy_Glauber" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy Glauber">Roy Glauber</a>  <b>·</b> 2006. <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Mather">John C. Mather</a> i <a href="/wiki/George_F._Smoot" class="mw-redirect" title="George F. Smoot">George F. Smoot</a>  <b>·</b> 2007. <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Albert Fert</a> i <a href="/wiki/Peter_Andreas_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Andreas Grünberg">Peter A. Grünberg</a>  <b>·</b> 2008. <a href="/wiki/Yoichiro_Nambu" title="Yoichiro Nambu">Yoichiro Nambu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Makoto Kobayashi</a> i <a href="/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa">Toshihide Maskawa</a>  <b>·</b> 2009. <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Willard Boyle</a> i <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="George E. Smith">George E. Smith</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#2010-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">2010-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">2010. <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Andre Geim</a> i <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Konstantin Novoselov</a>  <b>·</b> 2011. <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Saul Perlmutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Adam Riess</a> i <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Brian Schmidt</a>  <b>·</b> 2012. <a href="/wiki/David_J._Wineland" class="mw-redirect" title="David J. Wineland">David J. Wineland</a> i <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Serge Haroche</a>  <b>·</b> 2013. <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">François Englert</a> i <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Peter Higgs</a>  <b>·</b> 2014. <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Isamu Akasaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Hiroshi Amano</a> i <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Shuji Nakamura</a>  <b>·</b> 2015. <a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Takaaki Kajita</a> i <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald_(znanstvenik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur B. McDonald (znanstvenik)">Arthur B. McDonald</a>  <b>·</b> 2016. <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" class="mw-redirect" title="David J. Thouless">David J. Thouless</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Duncan Haldane</a> i <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Kosterlitz" class="mw-redirect" title="J. Michael Kosterlitz">J. Michael Kosterlitz</a>  <b>·</b> 2017. <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Rainer Weiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" class="mw-redirect" title="Kip Thorne">Kip Thorne</a> i <a href="/wiki/Barry_Barish" class="mw-redirect" title="Barry Barish">Barry Barish</a>  <b>·</b> 2018. <a href="/wiki/Artur_Ashkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Artur Ashkin">Artur Ashkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Gérard Mourou</a> i <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Donna Strickland</a>  <b>·</b> 2019. <a href="/wiki/James_Peebles" title="James Peebles">James Peebles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Michel Mayor</a> i <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Didier Queloz</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku#2020-e" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">2020-ih</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">2020. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Penrose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Penrose (stranica ne postoji)">Roger Penrose</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Genzel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Genzel (stranica ne postoji)">Reinhard Genzel</a> i <a href="/wiki/Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez">Andrea Ghez</a>  <b>·</b> 2021. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syukuro_Manabe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syukuro Manabe (stranica ne postoji)">Syukuro Manabe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hasselmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hasselmann (stranica ne postoji)">Klaus Hasselmann</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_Parisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giorgio Parisi (stranica ne postoji)">Giorgio Parisi</a>  <b>·</b> 2022. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Aspect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Aspect (stranica ne postoji)">Alain Aspect</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Clauser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Clauser (stranica ne postoji)">John Clauser</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Zeilinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Zeilinger (stranica ne postoji)">Anton Zeilinger</a>  <b>·</b> 2023. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Agostini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Agostini (stranica ne postoji)">Pierre Agostini</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferenc_Krausz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferenc Krausz (stranica ne postoji)">Ferenc Krausz</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_L%27Huillier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne L'Huillier (stranica ne postoji)">Anne L'Huillier</a>  • 2024. <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hopfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hopfield (stranica ne postoji)">John Hopfield</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Hinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Hinton (stranica ne postoji)">Geoffrey Hinton</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&oldid=6481432">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&oldid=6481432</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Articles_with_hatnote_templates_targeting_a_nonexistent_page&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page (stranica ne postoji)">Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Dobitnici_Nobelove_nagrade_za_fiziku" title="Kategorija:Dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za fiziku">Dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za fiziku</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Ameri%C4%8Dki_fizi%C4%8Dari" title="Kategorija:Američki fizičari">Američki fizičari</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Poljaci_u_SAD-u" title="Kategorija:Poljaci u SAD-u">Poljaci u SAD-u</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 27. rujna 2022. u 16:55.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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