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class="mw-page-title-main">Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_Acevedo_y_Velasco" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Velasco – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Velasco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_Acevedo_e_Velasco" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo e Velasco – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo e Velasco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3_%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%89" title="جاسبار دى زونيجا الكونت الخامس لمونتيرى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاسبار دى زونيجا الكونت الخامس لمونتيرى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BB%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ガスパール・デ・スニガ・イ・アセベード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガスパール・デ・スニガ・イ・アセベード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9,_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Монтеррей, Гаспар де Суньига – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монтеррей, Гаспар де Суньига" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Гаспар де Суніга Монтеррей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" 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href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Zúñiga Acevedo</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Fonseca</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output 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class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg/220px-GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg/330px-GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg/440px-GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1003" data-file-height="1434" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Viceroys_of_New_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Viceroys of New Spain">Viceroy of New Spain</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 5, 1595 – October 26, 1603</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Salinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas">Luis de Velasco</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mendoza_y_Luna,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Montesclaros" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan de Mendoza y Luna, marqués de Montesclaros">Juan de Mendoza</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">10th <a href="/wiki/List_of_Viceroys_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Viceroys of Peru">Viceroy of Peru</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 18, 1604 – March 16, 1606</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Luis de Velasco</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diego_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_de_Avenda%C3%B1o" title="Diego Núñez de Avendaño">Diego Núñez de Avendaño</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1560<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart bday">1560</span>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Monterrei" title="Monterrei">Monterrei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 16, 1606<span style="display:none">(1606-03-16)</span> (aged 45–46)<br /><a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Fonseca, 5th Count of Monterrey</b> (1560 – March 16, 1606, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>) was a Spanish nobleman who was the ninth viceroy of <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>. He governed from November 5, 1595, to October 26, 1603. From January 18, 1604, until his death in 1606, he was viceroy of Peru. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_service">Early service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Zúñiga y Acevedo was born the eldest son of the fourth Count of Monterrei, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jer%C3%B3nimo_de_Acevedo_y_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerónimo de Acevedo y Zúñiga (page does not exist)">Jerónimo de Acevedo y Zúñiga</a>. He studied in <a href="/wiki/Monterrei" title="Monterrei">Monterrei</a> under the direction of Jesuit priests. In 1578 he entered the service of King <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II</a>. He participated in the Portuguese campaign, where he led the Galician militia, paying them out of his own pocket. De Zúñiga y Acevedo also took part in the defense of the port of <a href="/wiki/A_Coru%C3%B1a" title="A Coruña">A Coruña</a> when it was attacked by the English corsair <a href="/wiki/Francis_Drake" title="Francis Drake">Francis Drake</a> in 1589. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As_viceroy_of_New_Spain">As viceroy of New Spain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: As viceroy of New Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On May 28, 1595, de Zúñiga y Acevedo was nominated viceroy of New Spain. He arrived in the colony, at <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>, in mid-September, as the successor to Viceroy <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Salinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas">Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas</a>. On November 5, 1595, he made his solemn entry into <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, taking up the reins of government. </p><p>He increased taxes on the Indians, but he was said to pay personal attention to adjustments required of the Indians in order to prevent their being exploited. In 1596, the viceroy Count of Monterrey reported, in a letter sent to Philip II to justify the increase of the salary of the royal officials, that those had seized and burned some delinquents for the unspeakable sin of sodomy, although he does not give the number of victims or the circumstances of the event. </p><p>On September 20, 1596, <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Montemayor" title="Diego de Montemayor">Diego de Montemayor</a> founded the city of <a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>. This city was named in the viceroy's wife's honor. </p><p>In 1597 pirates attacked the port of <a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a>, taking over the center of the town and terrorizing the inhabitants. De Zúñiga y Acevedo ordered increased protection for the ports. He also moved the town of Veracruz from its old site to its present location, which was more secure. </p><p>In 1598 Philip II died, and <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip III</a> succeeded him to the Spanish crown. In the same year, de Zúñiga approved the Juan de Oñate expedition into present day New Mexico, USA. In 1601, the Indians of Topia rose against the Spanish, but through the influence of Idefonso de la Mota, bishop of <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara,_Jalisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Guadalajara, Jalisco">Guadalajara</a>, they were pacified. The Jesuits subsequently established missions there, in the Tarahumara region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Explorations">Explorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Explorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among his first acts as viceroy was organizing an overland expedition to explore and colonize the north of the New Kingdom of León y Castilla (present day <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>), continuing a policy of his predecessor, the Viceroy Velasco. The famous expedition, under the command of <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_O%C3%B1ate" title="Juan de Oñate">Juan de Oñate</a>, had been delayed at the suggestion of Velasco to review the agreement. Oñate would go on to serve as governor for the province and would found the ancient city of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a>. Oñate official search did not locate the legendary <a href="/wiki/Quivira_and_C%C3%ADbola" class="mw-redirect" title="Quivira and Cíbola">Seven Cities of Gold</a> believed to be within the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Cibola_County,_New_Mexico" title="Cibola County, New Mexico">Cíbola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quivira" title="Quivira">Quivira</a>. </p><p>He also sent two expeditions to explore the Pacific coast of Mexico. <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Vizca%C3%ADno" title="Sebastián Vizcaíno">Sebastián Vizcaíno</a> sailed from <a href="/wiki/Acapulco" title="Acapulco">Acapulco</a> in 1596 with three ships. On this expedition Vizcaíno founded <a href="/wiki/La_Paz,_Baja_California_Sur" title="La Paz, Baja California Sur">La Paz, Baja California Sur</a>, so named because of his friendly reception there by the Indians. He also discovered Cape San Sebastián. </p><p>A later expedition by Vizcaíno with the same mission sailed on May 5, 1602, with four ships. This expedition was more fruitful. <a href="/wiki/Ensenada,_Baja_California" title="Ensenada, Baja California">Ensenada, Baja California</a> was founded. <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> Bay was explored and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Catalina_Island,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Catalina Island, California">Catalina Island</a> was named. The explorers reached as far north as <a href="/wiki/Monterey_Bay" title="Monterey Bay">Monterey Bay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a>, which Vizcaíno named in honor of the viceroy. Subsequent plans to colonize <a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a> foundered when Zúñiga's successor, <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mendoza,_3rd_Marquis_of_Montesclaros" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Montesclaros">Juan de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Montesclaros</a>, turned out to be much less favorable.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As_viceroy_of_Peru">As viceroy of Peru</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: As viceroy of Peru"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On May 19, 1603, Zúñiga y Acevedo was named viceroy of Peru. He remained in New Spain until September, awaiting the arrival of his successor, <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mendoza_y_Luna,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Montesclaros" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan de Mendoza y Luna, marqués de Montesclaros">Juan de Mendoza y Luna, marqués de Montesclaros</a>. After the arrival of the new viceroy, the two met in <a href="/wiki/Orizaba" title="Orizaba">Orizaba</a>, midway between Veracruz and Mexico City. Here de Zúñiga y Acevedo hosted a week-long welcoming festival said to have cost more than a year's viceregal salary. </p><p>The new viceroy took over the administration of New Spain in October, and in that month de Zúñiga y Acevedo sailed from Acapulco for Lima. </p><p>Private affairs delayed him again in <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paita" title="Paita">Paita</a>. He did not enter <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a> until November 28, 1604. There he finished the preparations for the dispatch of <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fernandes_de_Queir%C3%B3s" title="Pedro Fernandes de Queirós">Pedro Fernandes de Queirós</a> on a naval expedition to the South Seas. This expedition sailed on December 21, 1605. Shortly after that he died, still in office but without having had the opportunity to initiate reforms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/78winter/plans.htm">http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/78winter/plans.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160406165803/https://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/78winter/plans.htm">Archived</a> 2016-04-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> PLANS FOR THE OCCUPATION OF UPPER CALIFORNIA A NEW LOOK AT THE "DARK AGE" FROM 1602 TO 1769, The Journal of San Diego History SAN DIEGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY QUARTERLY, Winter 1978, Volume 24, Number 1</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> "Zúñiga y Acevedo, Gaspar de," <i>Enciclopedia de México</i>, v. 14. Mexico City, 1988.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> García Puron, Manuel, <i>México y sus gobernantes</i>, v. 1. Mexico City: Joaquín Porrua, 1984.</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> Orozco Linares, Fernando, <i>Gobernantes de México</i>. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1985, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Acevedo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo">Gaspar de Zúñiga y Acevedo</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtualology.com/gaspardezunigayacevedo/">Short biography</a> from <i>Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography</i></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_1st_Marquess_of_Salinas_del_R%C3%ADo_Pisuerga" title="Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas del Río Pisuerga">The Marquis of<br />Salinas</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Viceroys_of_New_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Viceroys of New Spain">Viceroy of New Spain</a> </b><br />1595–1603 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mendoza_y_Luna,_Marquis_of_Montesclaros" title="Juan de Mendoza y Luna, Marquis of Montesclaros">The Marquis of<br />Montesclaros</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_1st_Marquess_of_Salinas_del_R%C3%ADo_Pisuerga" title="Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas del Río Pisuerga">The Marquis of<br />Salinas</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Viceroys_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Viceroys of Peru">Viceroy of Peru</a> </b><br />1604–1606 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Diego_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_de_Avenda%C3%B1o" title="Diego Núñez de Avendaño">Diego Núñez de Avendaño</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_nobility" title="Spanish nobility">Spanish nobility</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jer%C3%B3nimo_de_Acevedo,_4th_Count_of_Monterrey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerónimo de Acevedo, 4th Count of Monterrey (page does not exist)">Jerónimo de Acevedo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of Monterrey">Count of Monterrey</a> </b><br />1580–1606 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Acevedo,_6th_Count_of_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel de Acevedo, 6th Count of Monterrey">Manuel de Acevedo</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Viceroys_of_New_Spain_(1535–1821)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Viceroys of New Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Viceroys_of_New_Spain_(1535–1821)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_New_Spain" title="List of viceroys of New Spain">Viceroys of</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a> (1535–1821)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a> (1535–1564)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Mendoza" title="Antonio de Mendoza">Antonio de Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_de_Velasco" class="mw-redirect" title="Luís de Velasco">Luís de Velasco</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg/100px-Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg/150px-Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg/200px-Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/100px-Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/150px-Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/200px-Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="881" data-file-height="757" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II</a> (1566–1603)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gast%C3%B3n_de_Peralta,_3rd_Marquis_of_Falces" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastón de Peralta, 3rd Marquis of Falces">Gastón de Peralta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Enr%C3%ADquez_de_Almanza" title="Martín Enríquez de Almanza">Martín Enríquez de Almanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Su%C3%A1rez_de_Mendoza,_4th_conde_de_la_Coru%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, 4th conde de la Coruña">Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Moya_de_Contreras" title="Pedro Moya de Contreras">Pedro Moya de Contreras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Manrique_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Villamanrique" class="mw-redirect" title="Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga, marqués de Villamanrique">Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Salinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas">Luis de Velasco</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gaspar de Zúñiga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip III</a> (1603–1621)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mendoza,_3rd_Marquis_of_Montesclaros" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Montesclaros">Juan de Mendoza y Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Salinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas">Luis de Velasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_Guerra" title="García Guerra">García Guerra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_C%C3%B3rdoba,_Marquis_of_Guadalc%C3%A1zar" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar">Diego Fernández de Córdoba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip IV</a> (1621–1665)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Carrillo_de_Mendoza,_1st_Marquis_of_Gelves" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego Carrillo de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Gelves">Diego Carrillo de Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Pacheco,_3rd_Marquis_of_Cerralvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Pacheco, 3rd Marquis of Cerralvo">Rodrigo Pacheco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lope_D%C3%ADez_de_Armend%C3%A1riz,_marqu%C3%A9s_de_Cadereyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Lope Díez de Armendáriz, marqués de Cadereyta">Lope Díez de Armendáriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco,_7th_Duke_of_Escalona" title="Diego López Pacheco, 7th Duke of Escalona">Diego López Pacheco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Palafox_y_Mendoza" title="Juan de Palafox y Mendoza">Juan de Palafox y Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_Sarmiento_de_Sotomayor,_2nd_Count_of_Salvatierra" title="García Sarmiento de Sotomayor, 2nd Count of Salvatierra">García Sarmiento de Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos_de_Torres_y_Rueda" title="Marcos de Torres y Rueda">Marcos de Torres y Rueda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Enr%C3%ADquez_de_Guzm%C3%A1n,_9th_Count_of_Alba_de_Liste" title="Luis Enríquez de Guzmán, 9th Count of Alba de Liste">Luis Enríquez de Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_la_Cueva,_8th_Duke_of_Alburquerque" title="Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque">Francisco Fernández de la Cueva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Leyva_de_la_Cerda,_conde_de_Ba%C3%B1os" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan de Leyva de la Cerda, conde de Baños">Juan de Leyva de la Cerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Osorio_de_Escobar_y_Llamas" title="Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas">Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_Toledo,_2nd_Marquis_of_Mancera" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Sebastián de Toledo, 2nd Marquis of Mancera">Antonio Sebastián de Toledo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles II</a> (1665–1701)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Nu%C3%B1o_Col%C3%B3n_de_Portugal,_6th_Duke_of_Veragua" title="Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal, 6th Duke of Veragua">Pedro Nuño Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payo_Enr%C3%ADquez_de_Rivera" title="Payo Enríquez de Rivera">Payo Enríquez de Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_de_la_Cerda,_3rd_Marquis_of_la_Laguna" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomás de la Cerda, 3rd Marquis of la Laguna">Tomás de la Cerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchor_Portocarrero,_3rd_Count_of_Monclova" title="Melchor Portocarrero, 3rd Count of Monclova">Melchor Portocarrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_la_Cerda,_8th_Count_of_Galve" title="Gaspar de la Cerda, 8th Count of Galve">Gaspar de la Cerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ortega_y_Monta%C3%B1%C3%A9s" title="Juan Ortega y Montañés">Juan Ortega y Montañés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Sarmiento_de_Valladares,_1st_Duke_of_Atrisco" title="José Sarmiento de Valladares, 1st Duke of Atrisco">José Sarmiento y Valladares</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V</a> (1701–1746)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ortega_y_Monta%C3%B1%C3%A9s" title="Juan Ortega y Montañés">Juan Ortega y Montañés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_la_Cueva,_10th_Duke_of_Alburquerque" title="Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque">Francisco Fernández de la Cueva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_Alencastre,_1st_Duke_of_Linares" title="Fernando de Alencastre, 1st Duke of Linares">Fernando de Alencastre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltasar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_1st_Duke_of_Ari%C3%B3n" title="Baltasar de Zúñiga, 1st Duke of Arión">Baltasar de Zúñiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Acu%C3%B1a,_1st_Marquess_of_Casa_Fuerte" title="Juan de Acuña, 1st Marquess of Casa Fuerte">Juan de Acuña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_de_Vizarr%C3%B3n_y_Eguiarreta" title="Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta">Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Castro,_1st_Duke_of_la_Conquista" title="Pedro de Castro, 1st Duke of la Conquista">Pedro de Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Cebri%C3%A1n,_5th_Count_of_Fuenclara" title="Pedro Cebrián, 5th Count of Fuenclara">Pedro Cebrián y Agustín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VI of Spain">Ferdinand VI</a> (1746–1760)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Francisco_de_G%C3%BCemes,_1st_Count_of_Revillagigedo" title="Juan Francisco de Güemes, 1st Count of Revillagigedo">Juan Francisco de Güemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_de_Ahumada,_2nd_Marquess_of_Amarillas" title="Agustín de Ahumada, 2nd Marquess of Amarillas">Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a> (1760–1789)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Cajigal_de_la_Vega" title="Francisco Cajigal de la Vega">Francisco Cajigal de la Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_de_Montserrat,_1st_Marquess_of_Cruillas" title="Joaquín de Montserrat, 1st Marquess of Cruillas">Joaquín de Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Francisco_de_Croix,_1st_Marquess_of_Croix" title="Carlos Francisco de Croix, 1st Marquess of Croix">Carlos Francisco de Croix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Bucareli" title="Antonio María de Bucareli">Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_Mayorga" title="Martín de Mayorga">Martín de Mayorga Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mat%C3%ADas_de_G%C3%A1lvez_y_Gallardo" title="Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo">Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_de_G%C3%A1lvez" title="Bernardo de Gálvez">Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_de_Haro_y_Peralta" title="Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta">Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Antonio_Fl%C3%B3rez" title="Manuel Antonio Flórez">Manuel Antonio Flores Maldonado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_Spain" title="Charles IV of Spain">Charles IV</a> (1789–1809)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Vicente_de_G%C3%BCemes,_2nd_Count_of_Revillagigedo" title="Juan Vicente de Güemes, 2nd Count of Revillagigedo">Juan Vicente de Güemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_la_Gr%C3%BAa_Talamanca,_1st_Marquess_of_Branciforte" title="Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca, 1st Marquess of Branciforte">Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Jos%C3%A9_de_Azanza,_1st_Duke_of_Santa_Fe" title="Miguel José de Azanza, 1st Duke of Santa Fe">Miguel José de Azanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Berenguer_de_Marquina" title="Félix Berenguer de Marquina">Félix Berenguer de Marquina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Iturrigaray" title="José de Iturrigaray">José de Iturrigaray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Garibay" title="Pedro de Garibay">Pedro de Garibay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII</a> (1809–1821)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_de_Lizana_y_Beaumont" title="Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont">Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Venegas" title="Francisco Javier Venegas">Francisco Javier Venegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Mar%C3%ADa_Calleja_del_Rey" title="Félix María Calleja del Rey">Félix María Calleja del Rey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ruiz_de_Apodaca,_1st_Count_of_Venadito" title="Juan Ruiz de Apodaca, 1st Count of Venadito">Juan José Ruiz de Apodaca y Eliza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Novella_Azabal_P%C3%A9rez_y_Sicardo" title="Francisco Novella Azabal Pérez y Sicardo">Francisco Novella Azabal Pérez y Sicardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_O%27Donoj%C3%BA" title="Juan O'Donojú">Juan O'Donojú y O'Ryan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Viceroys_of_the_Spanish_monarchy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Viceroyalties_of_the_Spanish_Empire" title="Template:Viceroyalties of the Spanish Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Viceroyalties_of_the_Spanish_Empire" title="Template talk:Viceroyalties of the Spanish Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Viceroyalties_of_the_Spanish_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Viceroyalties of the Spanish Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Viceroys_of_the_Spanish_monarchy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">Viceroys</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish monarchy">Spanish monarchy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg/20px-Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg/30px-Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg/40px-Si%C3%B1al_d%27Arag%C3%B3n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Aragon" title="List of viceroys of Aragon">Aragon</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Catalonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Catalonia" title="List of viceroys of Catalonia">Catalonia</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Naples" title="List of viceroys of Naples">Naples</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Reino_de_Navarra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Navarre" title="List of viceroys of Navarre">Navarre</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1578).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Portugal" title="List of viceroys of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sardinia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Sardinia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sardinia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Sardinia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sardinia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Sardinia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sardinia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Sardinia" title="List of viceroys of Sardinia">Sardinia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg/20px-Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg/30px-Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg/40px-Bandiera_del_Regno_di_Sicilia_4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Sicily" title="List of viceroys of Sicily">Sicily</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_(2x3).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="340" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Valencia" title="List of viceroys of Valencia">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_(1580-1668).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281580-1668%29.svg/35px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281580-1668%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281580-1668%29.svg/53px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281580-1668%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281580-1668%29.svg/70px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281580-1668%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="1232" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas and East Indies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Columbian_Viceroyalty" title="Columbian Viceroyalty">Columbian</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain_(1785%E2%80%931873,_1875%E2%80%931931).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada" title="Viceroyalty of New Granada">New Granada</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/20px-Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/30px-Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg/40px-Bandera_de_la_Nueva_Espa%C3%B1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="881" data-file-height="757" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain_(1785%E2%80%931873,_1875%E2%80%931931).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000059824523">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/86951268">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpjcwdwffYTjKXkcxf8YP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1053060025">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2015115670">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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