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href="#Sultanate_of_Kutai_Kartanegara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sultanate_of_Kutai_Kartanegara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Contemporary governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kutai_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kutai_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kutai people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kutai_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kutai</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%AC%93%E1%AC%B8%E1%AC%A2%E1%AC%BF" title="ᬓᬸᬢᬿ – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="ᬓᬸᬢᬿ" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karajaan_Kutai" title="Karajaan Kutai – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Karajaan Kutai" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutai" title="Kutai – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kutai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutei" title="Kutei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kutei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_de_Kutai" title="Royaume de Kutai – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume de Kutai" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Kutai_Martapura" title="Kerajaan Kutai Martapura – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan Kutai Martapura" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praja_Kutai" title="Praja Kutai – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Praja Kutai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Kutai" title="Kerajaan Kutai – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kerajaan Kutai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="クタイ王国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クタイ王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutai" title="Kutai – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kutai" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கூத்தாய் இராச்சியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கூத்தாய் இராச்சியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Кутай – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кутай" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%B0" title="古泰 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="古泰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Kut%C3%A9" title="Kerajaan Kuté – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kerajaan Kuté" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1794655#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Historical region in modern East Kalimantan, Indonesia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px"><div style="position:relative;width:250px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kutai is located in Asia"><img alt="Kutai is located in Asia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:86.856%;left:72.078%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kutai"><img alt="Kutai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Kutai</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" title="File:Asia laea relief location map.jpg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Location of Kutai on the island of <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Indonesia" title="Category:History of Indonesia">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indonesia" title="History of Indonesia">History of <span class="fn org label">Indonesia</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg/220px-Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg/330px-Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg/440px-Nicolaes_Visscher_Indiae_Orientalis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2493" data-file-height="2077" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="border:none;"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Indonesian_history" title="Timeline of Indonesian history">Timeline</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:none;background:gainsboro;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Indonesia" title="Prehistoric Indonesia">Prehistory</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a></b></td><td style="text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Java_Man" title="Java Man">Java Man</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1,000,000 BP</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Homo_floresiensis" title="Homo floresiensis">Flores Man</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 94,000–12,000 BP</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a></b></td><td style="text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Toba_catastrophe_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Toba catastrophe theory">Toba catastrophe</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 75,000 BP</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Buni_culture" title="Buni culture">Buni culture</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 400 BCE–500 CE</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:none;background:gainsboro;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_monarchies" title="List of Indonesian monarchies">Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kutai Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 350–1605</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Taruma Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 400s–500s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kantoli" title="Kantoli">Kantoli Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 400s–500s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Heling_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Heling kingdom">Kalingga Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 500s–600s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Melayu_Kingdom" title="Melayu Kingdom">Melayu Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 600s–1347</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya Empire</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 600s–1025</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Shailendra_dynasty" title="Shailendra dynasty">Shailendra Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 600s–900s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mataram_kingdom" title="Mataram kingdom">Mataram Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 716–1016</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bali_Kingdom" title="Bali Kingdom">Bali Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 914–1908</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 932–1579</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kahuripan" title="Kahuripan">Kahuripan Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1019–1045</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kediri_kingdom" title="Kediri kingdom">Kediri Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1045–1221</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dharmasraya" title="Dharmasraya">Dharmasraya Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1183–1347</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pannai" title="Pannai">Pannai Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1000s–1300s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Singhasari" title="Singhasari">Singhasari Empire</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1222–1292</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit Empire</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1293–1527</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:none;background:gainsboro;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_monarchies" title="List of Indonesian monarchies">Islamic sultanates</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Spread of Islam in Indonesia">Spread of Islam</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 800–1600</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Peureulak_Sultanate" title="Peureulak Sultanate">Peureulak Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 840–1292</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Aru_kingdom" title="Aru kingdom">Aru Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1225–1613</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ternate_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ternate Sultanate">Ternate Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1257–1914</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Samudera_Pasai_Sultanate" title="Samudera Pasai Sultanate">Samudera Pasai Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1267–1521</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pagaruyung_kingdom" title="Pagaruyung kingdom">Pagaruyung Kingdom</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1347–1833</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruneian Empire">Bruneian Empire</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1368–1888</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate">Malacca Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1400–1511</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1405–1851</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Cirebon" title="Sultanate of Cirebon">Sultanate of Cirebon</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1445–1677</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Demak_Sultanate" title="Demak Sultanate">Demak Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1475–1554</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Aceh_Sultanate" title="Aceh Sultanate">Aceh Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1496–1903</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Ternate" title="Sultanate of Ternate">Sultanate of Ternate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1486–1914</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bacan" title="Sultanate of Bacan">Sultanate of Bacan</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1515–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Tidore" title="Sultanate of Tidore">Sultanate of Tidore</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1500s–1967</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Jailolo" title="Sultanate of Jailolo">Sultanate of Jailolo</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1496–1903</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1526–present</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Banjar_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Banjar Sultanate">Banjar Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1526–1863</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kalinyamat_Sultanate" title="Kalinyamat Sultanate">Kalinyamat Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1527–1599</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mataram_Sultanate" title="Mataram Sultanate">Mataram Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1586–1755</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Johor_Sultanate" title="Johor Sultanate">Johor Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1528s–1877</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kaimana" title="Kingdom of Kaimana">Kingdom of Kaimana</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1600s–1926</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Jambi_Sultanate" title="Jambi Sultanate">Jambi Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1604s–1904</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Palembang_Sultanate" title="Palembang Sultanate">Palembang Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1659–1823</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Siak_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Siak Sultanate">Siak Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1725–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Surakarta_Sunanate" title="Surakarta Sunanate">Surakarta Sunanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1745–present</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta_Sultanate" title="Yogyakarta Sultanate">Yogyakarta Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1755–present</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Deli_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Deli Sultanate">Deli Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1814–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Riau-Lingga_Sultanate" title="Riau-Lingga Sultanate">Riau-Lingga Sultanate</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1824–1911</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:none;background:gainsboro;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_monarchies" title="List of Indonesian monarchies">Christian kingdoms</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Larantuka" title="Kingdom of Larantuka">Kingdom of Larantuka</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1515–1904</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Siau" title="Kingdom of Siau">Kingdom of Siau</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1510–1956</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bolaang_Mongondow" title="Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow">Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1670–1950</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:none;background:gainsboro;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Kongsi_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Kongsi republic">Chinese Kongsi federations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td 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class="mw-redirect" title="History of mass media in Indonesia">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Indonesia" title="Military history of Indonesia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sports_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="History of sports in Indonesia">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_women_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="History of women in Indonesia">Women</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Indonesia" title="Portal:Indonesia">Indonesia portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Indonesia" title="Template:History of Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Indonesia" title="Template talk:History of Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kutai</b> is a historical region in what is now the Indonesian province of <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>. The region shares its name with the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups of Indonesia">native ethnic group</a> of the region (known as <span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Urang Kutai</i></span> 'the Kutai people'), with a total population around 300,000, who have their own language known as the <a href="/wiki/Kutainese_language" title="Kutainese language">Kutainese language</a> which accompanies their own rich history. Today, the name is preserved in the names of three regencies in <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> province which are the <a href="/wiki/Kutai_Kartanegara_Regency" title="Kutai Kartanegara Regency">Kutai Kartanegara Regency</a>, the <a href="/wiki/West_Kutai_Regency" title="West Kutai Regency">West Kutai Regency</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Kutai_Regency" title="East Kutai Regency">East Kutai Regency</a> with the major river flowing in the heart of the region known as the <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam River</a>. The Kutai Martadipura Kingdom (399–1635) was the earliest Hindu kingdom in the East Indies. It was later succeeded by the Muslim sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara (1300–1844). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kutai_Martadipura_Kingdom">Kutai Martadipura Kingdom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Kutai Martadipura Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Kutai_Prasasti_of_Mulawarman.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Kutai_Prasasti_of_Mulawarman.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="289" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="289" /></a><figcaption>An ancient <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABpa#Yūpa_inscription_in_Indonesia" title="Yūpa">yūpa</a></i></span> of Mulawarman, king of Kutai</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg/250px-Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg/375px-Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg/500px-Prasasti-Yupa02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="814" /></a><figcaption>A <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">yūpa</i></span> with inscription in the National Museum of Indonesia in Jakarta</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Kutai Martadipura Kingdom</b> (399–1635; locally known as <span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Kerajaan Kutai Martadipura</i></span>) is a 4th-century Hindu kingdom located in the Kutai area, <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Coedes_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coedes-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 52">: 52 </span></sup> Its capital is believed to be the current <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muara_Kaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muara Kaman (page does not exist)">Muara Kaman</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muara_Kaman,_Kutai_Kartanegara" class="extiw" title="id:Muara Kaman, Kutai Kartanegara">id</a>]</span> district located in <a href="/wiki/Kutai_Kartanegara_Regency" title="Kutai Kartanegara Regency">Kutai Kartanegara Regency</a> and is one of the earliest kingdoms in Indonesian history. Muara Kaman district which is currently one of the many districts in Kutai Kartanegara Regency is proven to be the place where the capital of the kingdom once stood, it is proven by an ancient remnant of a <a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalith</a> stone known as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesong_Batu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesong Batu (page does not exist)">Lesong Batu</a>, believed to have been used to make the <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABpa#Yūpa_inscription_in_Indonesia" title="Yūpa"><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">yūpa</i></span> inscriptions</a> during the 4th century. The seven stone pillars, or <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">yūpa</i></span> ('sacrificial posts'), have been found in Kutai, Kaman Estuary, near the <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-melayuonline_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melayuonline-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plinths bear an inscription in the Indic <a href="/wiki/Pallava_script" title="Pallava script">Pallava script</a>, reading "a gift to the <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a> priests" in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>. The style of the script has been dated to the last half the 4th century.<sup id="cite_ref-earlykutai_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-earlykutai-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is believed these religions were brought to Indonesia around the 2nd and 4th centuries, respectively, when Indian traders arrived on the islands of <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The names of three rulers are known from the inscriptions. The first ruler mentioned is <a href="/wiki/Kudungga" title="Kudungga">Kudungga</a>, the 'lord of men' (<span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">narendra</i></span>), his son Aśwawarman, styled the 'founder of the dynasty' (<span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">vaṇśa-kartṛ</i></span>) and grandson of the first and son of the later, <a href="/wiki/Mulavarman" title="Mulavarman">Mulavarman</a> called the 'lord of kings' (<span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">rājendra</i></span>). As the name "Kuṇḍungga" does not seem to be a name of Sanskrit-Hinduistic origin while the other two are, it is presumed he was a leader of local origin (<a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak people</a>) and it was his son Aśwawarman that adopted the Hinduistic belief.<sup id="cite_ref-earlykutai_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-earlykutai-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The origin of Kudungga has long been debated, some sources also argue that he was of Indian origin, presumably a descendant from the royalty of the <a href="/wiki/Magadha_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha period">Magadha period</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as Dayak people back then lived in the inner jungle parts of <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> not in the coastal areas, while others argued that the name is similar to <a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> name of <i>Kadungga</i>, with several inscriptions similar to what is found in Kutai were found in Sulawesi.<sup id="cite_ref-Yupa_Martadipura_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yupa_Martadipura-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the reign of King Mūlawarman, he is the one who let the <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">yūpa</i></span> inscriptions be made, and it was believed to be made by the <a href="/wiki/Brahmins" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmins">Brahmins</a> which received alms from Mulavarman. While nothing of the military actions of his two predecessors is known, Raja Mūlawarman is stated to have conquered his neighbors in battle. He is also said to have increased the land of Kutai by a Vedic ritual known as the "<a href="/wiki/Ashvamedha" title="Ashvamedha">Ashvamedha</a>", a ritual also performed by Indian rulers of the past. This ritual required a horse released to his land. The footsteps of the freely roaming horse were taken as evidence that this land belonged to his kingdom. Mulawarman was also known for his tribute of gold to his God. The name of his kingdom is not mentioned on the inscriptions nor do any other documents in other countries relate to a kingdom at this time in this region. It is not known what became of the kingdom after these pillars had been erected. It may be possible that the name Kutai, as in Tuñjung Kute of the 1365 Javanese <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> poem "<a href="/wiki/Nagarakretagama" title="Nagarakretagama">Nagarakretagama</a>" is as ancient and reflects the original name used a thousand years earlier. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG/220px-Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG/330px-Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG/440px-Lesong_Batu_Muara_Kaman.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>The Lesong Batu megalith, located in Muara Kaman district</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesong_Batu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesong Batu (page does not exist)">Lesong Batu</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalith</a> stone located in Muara Kaman district, <a href="/wiki/Kutai_Kartanegara_Regency" title="Kutai Kartanegara Regency">Kutai Kartanegara Regency</a> believed to be the remnants to make <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">yūpa</i></span> inscriptions during the 4th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sultanate_of_Kutai_Kartanegara">Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Kutai_Kertanegara_ing_Martapura" class="extiw" title="id:Kesultanan Kutai Kertanegara ing Martapura">id:Kesultanan Kutai Kertanegara ing Martapura</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg/220px-Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg/330px-Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg/440px-Mahkota_Sultan_Kutai_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3828" data-file-height="3940" /></a><figcaption>The golden crown of Kutai Sultan, part of the regalia of Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate. Collection of the National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate</b> (1300–1844; locally known as <span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Kesultanan Kutai Kertanegara ing Martadipura</i></span>) was established around the end of the 13th century in the region of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepian_Batu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tepian Batu (page does not exist)">Tepian Batu</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai_Lama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutai Lama (page does not exist)">Kutai Lama</a>. The first known ruler is known to be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aji_Batara_Agung_Dewa_Sakti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aji Batara Agung Dewa Sakti (page does not exist)">Aji Batara Agung Dewa Sakti</a>, who was thought to have ruled from 1300 to 1325.<sup id="cite_ref-melayuonline_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melayuonline-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aji Pangeran Sinum Panji Mendapa, who ruled 1635–1650, was able to conquer the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura and merged the two realms thus becoming "Kutai Kartanegara Ing Martadipura".<sup id="cite_ref-melayuonline_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melayuonline-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_kroonprinses_van_Koetai_de_vrouw_van_de_latere_Sultan_Ali_Muhammad_Alimuddin_in_bruidskleding_TMnr_60042303.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of the Crown Princess of Kutai, wife of the later Sultan Ali Muhammad Alimuddin, in bridal wear</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1667, the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> attacked <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a> leading to the downfall of the <a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Gowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Gowa">Gowa</a>. Some of the Bugis under the leadership of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamohang_Daeng_Mangkona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamohang Daeng Mangkona (page does not exist)">Lamohang Daeng Mangkona</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pua_Ado_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pua Ado I (page does not exist)">Pua Ado I</a> immigrated to Kutai on neighboring Borneo and the ruler of Kutai allowed them to settle in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampung_Melantai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kampung Melantai (page does not exist)">Kampung Melantai</a> along the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karang_Mumus_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karang Mumus River (page does not exist)">Karang Mumus River</a>, now known as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampung_Selili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kampung Selili (page does not exist)">Kampung Selili</a>. This settlement eventually developed into the modern town of <a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a>. </p><p>Islam took hold in the region since the 17th century (most of the Bugis were Muslims) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aji_Muhammad_Idris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aji Muhammad Idris (page does not exist)">Aji Muhammad Idris</a>, ruling 1732–1739?, was the first ruler to have an Islamic name. </p><p>After a civil war, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aji_Muhammad_Muslihuddin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aji Muhammad Muslihuddin (page does not exist)">Aji Muhammad Muslihuddin</a> moved the capital in 1782 from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemarangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemarangan (page does not exist)">Pemarangan</a> to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepian_Pandan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tepian Pandan (page does not exist)">Tepian Pandan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-melayuonline_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melayuonline-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name of the capital city eventually developed from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tangga_Arung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tangga Arung (page does not exist)">Tangga Arung</a> to its present form of Tenggarong. </p><p>In 1844, following the repulse of <a href="/wiki/James_Erskine_Murray" title="James Erskine Murray">James Erskine Murray</a>'s expedition and attempt to settle,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Dutch defeated the sultan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aji_Muhammad_Salehudin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aji Muhammad Salehudin (page does not exist)">Aji Muhammad Salehudin</a>, forced him into exile, and took direct control of Kutai. </p><p>The Japanese invaded the region in 1942 and acknowledged a "Kooti Kingdom", that was a subject of the <a href="/wiki/Tenno" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenno">Tenno</a>. In 1945 Kutai joined, along with its neighbours, into the East Kalimantan federation. </p><p>In 1949, Kutai became part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Indonesia" title="United States of Indonesia">United States of Indonesia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contemporary_governance">Contemporary governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Contemporary governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 4 October 1999, the territory once belonging to the Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara, until then composing the single Kutai Regency, was divided between the <a href="/wiki/Kutai_Kartanegara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutai Kartanegara">Kutai Kartanegara</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Kutai_Regency" title="East Kutai Regency">East Kutai</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Kutai" class="mw-redirect" title="West Kutai">West Kutai</a> regencies, and the independent city of <a href="/wiki/Bontang" title="Bontang">Bontang</a>; on 14 December 2012 the western districts of West Kutai Regency were split off to create a separate <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_Ulu_Regency" title="Mahakam Ulu Regency">Mahakam Ulu Regency</a>. Each regency was and is headed by a regent (known locally as <span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Bupati</i></span>) and forms a part of East Kalimantan|East Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the position of Sultan of Kutai Kartanegara still exists and resides in the Kutai Palace (<i>Kedaton</i>) in Tenggarong but administratively, the governance is conducted by the regional government of the Republic of Indonesia, not the sultanate. The Sultan<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (December 2023)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> holds an honorary status in Kutai and is highly respected by Kutai people. During the festival of <a href="/wiki/Erau" title="Erau">Erau</a>, he will be the guest of honour accompanied by the local government officials such as the governor of East Kalimantan and the Regent of Kutai Kartanegara. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kutai_people">Kutai people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kutai people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg/250px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg/375px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg/500px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Temenggoeng_van_Kendisik_met_familie_en_notabelen_te_Kutai_Muara_Pahu_Borneo_TMnr_10001688.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption>Kutai people</figcaption></figure> <p>The Kutai people, or known locally as <span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Urang Kutai</i></span> is the ethnic group which their ancestors are believed to be descendants of the Dayak <a href="/wiki/Ot_Danum_people" title="Ot Danum people">Ot Danum people</a> that have already embraced Islam and currently live on the banks of the great <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam River</a>, East Kalimantan. They are native to the city of Tenggarong, <a href="/wiki/Kutai_Kartanegara_Regency" title="Kutai Kartanegara Regency">Kutai Kartanegara Regency</a>, the West and the East Kutai regencies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language">Language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kutainese_language" title="Kutainese language">Kutainese language</a></div> <p>The traditional language of the region is the <a href="/wiki/Kutainese_language" title="Kutainese language">Kutainese language</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as <a href="/wiki/Banjarese_language" title="Banjarese language">Banjarese</a> to the south, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota_Bangun_Kutainese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kota Bangun Kutainese (page does not exist)">Kota Bangun Kutainese</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Berau_Malay" title="Berau Malay">Berau Malay</a> to the north, and other languages spoken in coastal east Borneo.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This language belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_language_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian language family">Austronesian language family</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kutai_National_Park" title="Kutai National Park">Kutai National Park</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Coedes-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Coedes_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCoedès1968" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Coed%C3%A8s" class="mw-redirect" title="George Coedès">Coedès, George</a> (1968). Vella, Walter F. (ed.). <i>The Indianized States of Southeast Asia</i>. Translated by Brown Cowing, Susan. University of Hawaiʻi Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-0368-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-0368-1"><bdi>978-0-8248-0368-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Indianized+States+of+Southeast+Asia&rft.pub=University+of+Hawai%CA%BBi+Press&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-0368-1&rft.aulast=Coed%C3%A8s&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKutai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-melayuonline-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-melayuonline_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-melayuonline_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-melayuonline_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-melayuonline_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.melayuonline.com/?a=Sm0vaUpTL0lMeTRVYzY%3D=&l=kutai-kingdom">Kutai Kingdom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232249/http://history.melayuonline.com/?a=Sm0vaUpTL0lMeTRVYzY%3D=&l=kutai-kingdom">Archived</a> 3 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on Melayu Online</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-earlykutai-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-earlykutai_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-earlykutai_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131225113933/http://epress.anu.edu.au/austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch15s02.html">"The Earliest Indic State: Kutai"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epress.anu.edu.au/austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch15s02.html">the original</a> on 25 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Earliest+Indic+State%3A+Kutai&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepress.anu.edu.au%2Faustronesians%2Faustronesians%2Fmobile_devices%2Fch15s02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKutai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061107080534/http://www.kbri-bangkok.com/about_indonesia/history_02.html">"The Period of Hindu Kingdoms"</a>. Embassy of Republic of Indonesia at Bangkok, Thailand. 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kbri-bangkok.com/about_indonesia/history_02.html">the original</a> on 7 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Period+of+Hindu+Kingdoms&rft.pub=Embassy+of+Republic+of+Indonesia+at+Bangkok%2C+Thailand&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kbri-bangkok.com%2Fabout_indonesia%2Fhistory_02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKutai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wartaekspres.com/silsilah-kemashuran-sang-maharaja-kutai-mulawarman/">"Silsilah Kemashuran Sang Maharaja Kutai Mulawarman"</a>. Warta Ekspress. 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Silsilah+Kemashuran+Sang+Maharaja+Kutai+Mulawarman&rft.pub=Warta+Ekspress&rft.date=2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wartaekspres.com%2Fsilsilah-kemashuran-sang-maharaja-kutai-mulawarman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKutai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yupa_Martadipura-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yupa_Martadipura_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro & nugroho notosusanto, 1993. <i>Sejarah nasional Indonesia II</i>. Balai pustaka:Jakarta</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIem_Brown" class="citation book cs1">Iem Brown. <i>The Territories of Indonesia (2004)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Territories+of+Indonesia+%282004%29&rft.au=Iem+Brown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKutai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=91217">Ethnologue</a> report for Local Malay</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_map.asp?name=IDK&seq=40">Language Map</a> on www.ethnologue.com</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Kutai Martadipura <ul><li>Vogel, J.Ph. 1918 The yūpa inscriptions of King Mūlavarman from Koetei (East Borneo). Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 74:216–218.</li> <li>Chhabra, B.Ch. 1965 Expansion of Indo-Aryan culture during Pallava rule (as evidenced by inscriptions). Delhi: Munshi Ram Manohar Lal. 50–52, 85–92;</li> <li>Casparis, J.G. de 1975 Indonesian palaeography: a history of writing in Indonesia from the beginning to c. A.D. 1500. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 14–18</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutai&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oxSb4hTVqzI&t">Explanation of the Kutai Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQjl82o-OZ4&t=72s">Example of Kutai language</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ch-CZx5sJQ">Kutai traditional music</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306114202/http://wisatamelayu.com/en/object.php?a=z29sl1u5bwh1mgy==&nav=cat">The Museum of Mulawarman</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715230417/http://www.rri-online.com/modules.php?name=SLN_English&op=news_detail&id=611">Description of the Erau</a>, a traditional yearly Kutai culture festival.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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title="Sanjaya dynasty">Sanjaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shailendra_dynasty" title="Shailendra dynasty">Shailendra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singhasari" title="Singhasari">Singhasari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Tarumanagara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Cirebon" title="Sultanate of Cirebon">Cirebon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demak_Sultanate" title="Demak Sultanate">Demak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinyamat_Sultanate" title="Kalinyamat Sultanate">Kalinyamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mataram_Sultanate" title="Mataram Sultanate">Mataram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pajang" title="Kingdom of Pajang">Pajang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumedang_Larang_Kingdom" title="Sumedang Larang Kingdom">Sumedang Larang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surakarta_Sunanate" title="Surakarta Sunanate">Surakarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta_Sultanate" title="Yogyakarta Sultanate">Yogyakarta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hindu/Buddhist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharmasraya" title="Dharmasraya">Dharmasraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantoli" title="Kantoli">Kantoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melayu_Kingdom" title="Melayu Kingdom">Malayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauli" title="Mauli">Mauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannai" title="Pannai">Pannai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaskuta_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Samaskuta Kingdom">Samaskuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanfotsi" title="Sanfotsi">Sanfotsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceh_Sultanate" title="Aceh Sultanate">Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aru_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Aru Kingdom">Aru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahan_Sultanate" title="Asahan Sultanate">Asahan</a></li> <li><a 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</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Banjar" title="Sultanate of Banjar">Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruneian Empire">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bulungan" title="Sultanate of Bulungan">Bulungan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanfang_Republic" title="Lanfang Republic">Lanfang Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mempawah_Kingdom" title="Mempawah Kingdom">Mempawah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Dipa" title="Negara Dipa">Negara Dipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Daha" title="Negara Daha">Negara Daha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontianak_Sultanate" title="Pontianak 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Buton">Buton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Gowa" title="Sultanate of Gowa">Gowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luwu" class="mw-redirect" title="Luwu">Luwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Siau" title="Kingdom of Siau">Siau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tallo" title="Kingdom of Tallo">Tallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanette" title="Tanette">Tanette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wajoq" title="Wajoq">Wajo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Kingdom" title="Bali Kingdom">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bima_Sultanate" title="Bima Sultanate">Bima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Larantuka" title="Kingdom of Larantuka">Larantuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mengwi" title="Kingdom of Mengwi">Mengwi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Timor" title="West Timor">West Timor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amabi" title="Amabi">Amabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanatun" title="Amanatun">Amanatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanuban" title="Amanuban">Amanuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarasi" title="Amarasi">Amarasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonbai" title="Sonbai">Sonbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wehali" title="Wehali">Wehali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bacan" title="Sultanate of 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