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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="सहजानन्द सरस्वती – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सहजानन्द सरस्वती" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="സഹജാനന്ദ് സരസ്വതി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സഹജാനന്ദ് സരസ്വതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89" title="ساهاچاناند ساراسواتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساهاچاناند ساراسواتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="சகஜானந்த சரசுவதி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சகஜானந்த சரசுவதி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Sahajanand Saraswati</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sahajanand_Saraswati_2000_stamp_of_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Sahajanand_Saraswati_2000_stamp_of_India.jpg/220px-Sahajanand_Saraswati_2000_stamp_of_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Sahajanand_Saraswati_2000_stamp_of_India.jpg/330px-Sahajanand_Saraswati_2000_stamp_of_India.jpg 1.5x, 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title="Muzaffarpur">Muzaffarpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Social_reformer" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reformer">Social reformer</a>, historian, philosopher, writer, <a href="/wiki/Ascetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascetic">ascetic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary" title="Revolutionary">revolutionary</a>, Farmer rights activist, politician</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sahajanand Saraswati</b> (<span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/30\/Sahajananda_saraswati.ogg\/Sahajananda_saraswati.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"pronunciation"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Sahajananda saraswati.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/Sahajananda_saraswati.ogg/Sahajananda_saraswati.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">pronunciation</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Sahajananda_saraswati.ogg" title="File:Sahajananda saraswati.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>, 22 February 1889 – 26 June 1950) was an <a href="/wiki/Ascetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascetic">ascetic</a>, a nationalist and a peasant leader of India. Although born in <a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_of_Agra_and_Oudh" title="United Provinces of Agra and Oudh">United Provinces</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>), his social and political activities focussed mostly on <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the initial days, and gradually spread to the rest of India with the formation of the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a>. He had set up an ashram at <a href="/wiki/Bihta" title="Bihta">Bihta</a>, near Patna, Bihar carried out most of his work in the later part of his life from there. He was an intellectual, prolific writer, <a href="/wiki/Social_reformer" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reformer">social reformer</a> and revolutionary. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was born in <a href="/wiki/Deva_Village" title="Deva Village">Deva Village</a> near Dullahpur, Ghazipur district in eastern Uttar Pradesh Provinces in 1889 to a family of <a href="/wiki/Bhumihar" title="Bhumihar">Bhumihar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the last of six sons and was then called Naurang Rai. His mother died when he was a child and he was raised by an aunt.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Kisan Sabha movement started in Bihar under the leadership of Saraswati who had formed in 1929 the <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Provincial_Kisan_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha">Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha</a> (BPKS) in order to mobilise peasant grievances against the <a href="/wiki/Zamindari" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamindari">zamindari</a> attacks on their occupancy rights, and thus sparking the farmers' movements in India.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gradually the peasant movement intensified and spread across the rest of India. All these radical developments on the peasant front culminated in the formation of the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a> (AIKS) at the <a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a> session of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> in April 1936 with Saraswati elected as its first President<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it involved prominent leaders such as <a href="/wiki/N._G._Ranga" title="N. G. Ranga">N. G. Ranga</a> and <a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a>. The Kisan Manifesto, which was released in August 1936, demanded abolition of the zamindari system and cancellation of rural debts. In October 1937, the AIKS adopted the red flag as its banner.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon, its leaders became increasingly distant with Congress, and repeatedly came in confrontation with Congress governments in Bihar and United Province.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Saraswati organised the Bakasht Movement in Bihar in 1937–1938. "Bakasht" means self-cultivated. The movement was against the eviction of tenants from Bakasht lands by <a href="/wiki/Zamindar" title="Zamindar">zamindars</a> and led to the passing of the Bihar Tenancy Act and the Bakasht Land Tax.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also led the successful struggle in the Dalmia Sugar Mill at <a href="/wiki/Bihta" title="Bihta">Bihta</a>, where peasant-worker unity was the most important characteristic.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On hearing of Saraswati's arrest during the <a href="/wiki/Quit_India_Movement" title="Quit India Movement">Quit India Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra_Bose" class="mw-redirect" title="Subhash Chandra Bose">Subhash Chandra Bose</a> and <a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">All India Forward Bloc</a> decided to observe 28 April as <a href="/wiki/All-India_Swami_Sahajanand_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="All-India Swami Sahajanand Day">All-India Swami Sahajanand Day</a> in protest of his incarceration by the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bose_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bose-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saraswati died on 26 June 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Subhash Chandra Bose, leader of the Forward Bloc, said: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Swami Sahajanand Saraswati is, in the land of ours, a name to conjure with. The undisputed leader of the peasant movement in India, he is today the idol of the masses and the hero of millions. It was indeed a rare fortune to get him as the chairman of the Reception Committee of the All India Anti-Compromise Conference at Ramgarh. For the Forward Block it was a privilege and an honour to get him as one of the foremost leaders of the Left movement and as a friend, philosopher and guide of the Forward Block itself. Following Swamiji's lead, a large number of front-rank leaders of the peasant movement have been intimately associated with the Forward Block.<sup id="cite_ref-bose_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bose-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Three reformist leaders, namely, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Swami Vivekananda, and Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, each in his own way, played a modernizing role in our socio-cultural tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both <a href="/wiki/Dayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Dayananda">Dayananda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vivekananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a> established their own socio-religious sects.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But they had shied away from direct involvement with the political processes of the country, though they had become a major source of inspiration for Indian nationalism.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, Sahajanand did not found any religious sect.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He engaged in social work for a while.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon, he got directly involved in the national movement and even spent a number of years behind bars.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides, he was not only instrumental in founding the organized peasant movement in India but also later assumed the role of its putative progenitor.<sup id="cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saraswati's publications include:<sup id="cite_ref-Saraswati_2003_519_Volume_1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saraswati_2003_519_Volume_1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><i>Bhumihar Brahmin Parichay</i> (Introduction to Bhumihar Brahmins), in Hindi.</li> <li><i>Jhootha Bhay Mithya Abhiman</i> (False Fear False Pride), in Hindi.</li> <li><i>Brahman Kaun?</i></li> <li><i>Brahman Samaj ki Sthiti</i> (Situation of the Brahmin Society) in Hindi.</li> <li><i>Brahmarshi Vansha Vistar</i> in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> and English.</li> <li><i>Karmakalap</i>, in Sanskrit and Hindi.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Autobiographical_works">Autobiographical works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Autobiographical works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><i>Mera Jeewan Sangharsha</i> (My Life Struggle), in Hindi.</li> <li><i>Kisan Sabha ke Sansmaran</i> (Recollections of the Kisan Sabha), in Hindi.</li> <li><i>Maharudra ka Mahatandav</i>, in Hindi.</li> <li><i>Jang aur Rashtriya Azadi</i></li> <li><i>Ab Kya ho?</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaya,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaya, India">Gaya</a> jile mein sava maas</i></li> <li><i>Samyukta Kisan Sabha, Samyukta Samajvadi Sabha ke Dastavez</i>.</li> <li><i>Kisanon ke Dave</i></li> <li><i>Dhakaich ka bhashan</i></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ideological_works">Ideological works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ideological works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><i>Kranti aur Samyukta Morcha</i></li> <li><i>Gita Hridaya</i> (Heart of the <a href="/wiki/Gita" class="mw-redirect" title="Gita">Gita</a>)</li> <li><i>Kisanon ke Dave</i></li> <li><i>Maharudra ka Mahatandav</i></li> <li><i>Kalyan mein chapein lekh</i></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_related_to_peasantry_and_Zamindars">Works related to peasantry and Zamindars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Works related to peasantry and Zamindars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><i>Kisan kaise ladten hain?</i></li> <li><i>Kisan kya karen?</i></li> <li><i>Zamindaron ka khatma kaise ho?</i></li> <li><i>Kisan ke dost aur dushman</i></li> <li><i>Bihar prantiya kisansabha ka ghoshna patra</i></li> <li><i>Kisanon ki phasane ki taiyariyan</i></li> <li><i>On the other side</i></li> <li><i>Rent reduction in Bihar, How it Works?</i></li> <li><i>Zamindari kyon utha di jaye?</i></li> <li><i>Khet Mazdoor</i> (Agricultural Labourer), in Hindi, written in Hazaribagh Central Jail.</li> <li><i>Jharkhand ke kisan</i></li> <li><i>Bhumi vyavastha kaisi ho?</i></li> <li><i>Kisan andolan kyun aur kya?</i></li> <li><i>Gaya ke Kisanon ki Karun Kahani</i></li> <li><i>Ab kya ho?</i></li> <li><i>Congress tab aur ab</i></li> <li><i>Congress ne kisanon ke liye kya kiya?</i></li> <li><i>Maharudra ka Mahatandav</i></li> <li><i>Swamiji ki Diary</i></li> <li><i>Kisan sabha ke dastavez</i></li> <li><i>Swamiji ke patrachar</i></li> <li><i>Lok sangraha mein chapen lekh</i></li> <li><i>Hunkar mein chapein lekh</i></li> <li><i>Vishal Bharat mein chapein lekh</i></li> <li><i>Bagi mein chapein lekh</i></li> <li><i>Bhumihar Brahmin mein chapein lekh</i></li> <li><i>Swamiji ki Bhashan Mala</i></li> <li><i>Krishak mein chapein lekh</i></li> <li><i>Yogi mein chapein lekh</i></li> <li><i>Kisan sevak</i></li> <li><i>Anya lekh</i></li> <li><i>Address of the chairman, Reception Committee, The All India Anti-Compromise Conference</i>, First Session, Kisan Nagar, Ramgarh, Hazaribagh, 19 & 20 March 1940, Ramgarh, 1940.</li> <li><i>Presidential Address, 8th Annual Session of the Kisan Sabha</i>, Bezwada, 1944.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translations_into_English">Translations into English</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Translations into English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Swami Sahajanand and the Peasants of Jharkhand: A View from 1941</i> translated and edited by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hauser" title="Walter Hauser">Walter Hauser</a> along with the unedited <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> original (Manohar Publishers, paperback, 2005).</li> <li><i>Sahajanand on Agricultural Labour and the Rural Poor</i> translated and edited by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hauser" title="Walter Hauser">Walter Hauser</a> Manohar Publishers, paperback, 2005.</li> <li><i>Religion, Politics, and the Peasants: A Memoir of India's Freedom Movement</i> translated and edited by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hauser" title="Walter Hauser">Walter Hauser</a> Manohar Publishers, hardbound, 2003.</li> <li>Walter Hauser, along with K.C. Jha, (editor and translator of Swami Sahajanand's autobiography <i>Mera Jivan Sangharsh</i> – My Life Struggle) Culture, Vernacular Politics and the Peasants: India, 1889–1950, Delhi, Manohar, 2015.</li> <li>Ramchandra Pradhan (editor and translator), <i>The Struggle of My Life: Autobiography of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati</i>, Delhi, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2018.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographies">Biographies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Biographies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nilanshu Ranjan, Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Trust" title="National Book Trust">National Book Trust</a>, New Delhi, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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.cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-237-6486-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-237-6486-3">978-81-237-6486-3</a>.</li> <li>Raghav Sharan Sharma, Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, Publications Division, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>, 2008.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Official_recognition">Official recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Official recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> issued a commemorative stamp in commemoration of Saraswati on 26 June 2000 by <a href="/wiki/Ram_Vilas_Paswan" title="Ram Vilas Paswan">Ram Vilas Paswan</a>, the then Minister of Communications.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chadha_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chadha-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Indian_Council_of_Agricultural_Research" title="Indian Council of Agricultural Research">Indian Council of Agricultural Research</a> gives the <a href="/wiki/Swamy_Sahajanand_Saraswati_Extension_Scientist/_Worker_Award" title="Swamy Sahajanand Saraswati Extension Scientist/ Worker Award">Swamy Sahajanand Saraswati Extension Scientist/ Worker Award</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2001, a two-day Kisan Mahapanchayat was organised on the occasion of the 112th birth anniversary of Saraswati.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bihar Governor <a href="/wiki/R._S._Gavai" title="R. S. Gavai">R. S. Gavai</a> released a book on the life of Saraswati on his 57th death anniversary in Patna.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Swami Sahajanand Postgraduate College is established in his home district Ghazipur (U.P.) in memory of Swami Sahajanand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mata_Badal_Koeri" title="Mata Badal Koeri">Mata Badal Koeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debt_bondage_in_India" title="Debt bondage in India">Debt bondage in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_United_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India United Kisan Sabha">All India United Kisan Sabha</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadkarni2016" class="citation book cs1">Nadkarni, MV (2016). <i>The Bhagavad-Gita for the Modern Reader: History, Interpretations and Philosophy</i>. Routledge. p. 111. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781315438993" title="Special:BookSources/9781315438993"><bdi>9781315438993</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bhagavad-Gita+for+the+Modern+Reader%3A+History%2C+Interpretations+and+Philosophy&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781315438993&rft.aulast=Nadkarni&rft.aufirst=MV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobb2007" class="citation book cs1">Robb, Peter (2007). <i>Peasants, Political Economy and Law (at p. 38, fn. 36)</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-568160-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-568160-4"><bdi>978-0-19-568160-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peasants%2C+Political+Economy+and+Law+%28at+p.+38%2C+fn.+36%29&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-568160-4&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virginia.edu/soasia/symsem/kisan/papers/swami.html">"Swami And Friends – Arvind N. Das"</a>. <i>virginia.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=virginia.edu&rft.atitle=Swami+And+Friends+%E2%80%93+Arvind+N.+Das&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virginia.edu%2Fsoasia%2Fsymsem%2Fkisan%2Fpapers%2Fswami.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBandyopādhyāya2004" class="citation book cs1">Bandyopādhyāya, Śekhara (2004). <i>From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India</i>. <a href="/wiki/Orient_Longman" class="mw-redirect" title="Orient Longman">Orient Longman</a>. p. 406. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-250-2596-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-250-2596-2"><bdi>978-81-250-2596-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Plassey+to+Partition%3A+A+History+of+Modern+India&rft.pages=406&rft.pub=Orient+Longman&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-250-2596-2&rft.aulast=Bandyop%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya&rft.aufirst=%C5%9Aekhara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesai1979" class="citation book cs1">Desai, Akshayakumar Ramanlal (1979). <i>Peasant Struggles in India</i>. 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Allied Publishers. p. 262. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7023-205-8" title="Special:BookSources/81-7023-205-8"><bdi>81-7023-205-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mahatma+Gandhi&rft.pages=262&rft.pub=Allied+Publishers&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=81-7023-205-8&rft.aulast=Ghose&rft.aufirst=Sankar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumar2007" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Dalip (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=23eYY4sR3KQC&pg=PA175"><i>Rural Development And Social Change: Thoughts Of Swami Sahajanand</i></a>. Deep & Deep Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788184500004" title="Special:BookSources/9788184500004"><bdi>9788184500004</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rural+Development+And+Social+Change%3A+Thoughts+Of+Swami+Sahajanand&rft.pub=Deep+%26+Deep+Publications&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9788184500004&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Dalip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D23eYY4sR3KQC%26pg%3DPA175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDas1982" class="citation book cs1">Das, Arvind N. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GL_yRdwbQP8C&pg=PA79"><i>Agrarian Movements in India: Studies on 20th Century Bihar</i></a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780714632162" title="Special:BookSources/9780714632162"><bdi>9780714632162</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Agrarian+Movements+in+India%3A+Studies+on+20th+Century+Bihar&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=9780714632162&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Arvind+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGL_yRdwbQP8C%26pg%3DPA79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudge1992" class="citation book cs1">Judge, Paramjit S. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HvYpVtBXw5kC&pg=PA24"><i>Insurrection to Agitation: The Naxalite Movement in Punjab</i></a>. Popular Prakashan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788171545278" title="Special:BookSources/9788171545278"><bdi>9788171545278</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Insurrection+to+Agitation%3A+The+Naxalite+Movement+in+Punjab&rft.pub=Popular+Prakashan&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9788171545278&rft.aulast=Judge&rft.aufirst=Paramjit+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHvYpVtBXw5kC%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bose-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bose_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bose_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBose2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra_Bose" class="mw-redirect" title="Subhash Chandra Bose">Bose, S. K.</a> (2004). <i>Subhas Chandra Bose: The Alternative Leadership – Speeches, Articles, Statements and Letters</i>. <a href="/wiki/Orient_Longman" class="mw-redirect" title="Orient Longman">Orient Longman</a>. p. 244. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7824-104-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7824-104-3"><bdi>978-81-7824-104-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Subhas+Chandra+Bose%3A+The+Alternative+Leadership+%E2%80%93+Speeches%2C+Articles%2C+Statements+and+Letters&rft.pages=244&rft.pub=Orient+Longman&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-7824-104-3&rft.aulast=Bose&rft.aufirst=S.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahotsav" class="citation web cs1">Mahotsav, Amrit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?22632">"Swami Sahajanand Saraswati"</a>. <i>Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, Ministry of Culture, Government of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Azadi+Ka+Amrit+Mahotsav%2C+Ministry+of+Culture%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Swami+Sahajanand+Saraswati&rft.aulast=Mahotsav&rft.aufirst=Amrit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famritmahotsav.nic.in%2Funsung-heroes-detail.htm%3F22632&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pradhan_2018-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pradhan_2018_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPradhan2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramchandra_Pradhan_(trans._and_ed.)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramchandra Pradhan (trans. and ed.) (page does not exist)">Pradhan, Ramchandra</a> (2018). <i>The Struggle of My Life: Autobiography of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati</i>. New Delhi, India: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. xiv (preface). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-948036-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-948036-4"><bdi>978-0-19-948036-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+of+My+Life%3A+Autobiography+of+Swami+Sahajanand+Saraswati&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+India&rft.pages=xiv+%28preface%29&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-19-948036-4&rft.aulast=Pradhan&rft.aufirst=Ramchandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saraswati_2003_519_Volume_1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Saraswati_2003_519_Volume_1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaraswati2003" class="citation book cs1">Saraswati, Sahajanand (2003). <i>Swami Sahajanand Saraswati Rachnawali in Six volumes</i>. Delhi: Prakashan Sansthan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7714-097-3" title="Special:BookSources/81-7714-097-3"><bdi>81-7714-097-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Swami+Sahajanand+Saraswati+Rachnawali+in+Six+volumes&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Prakashan+Sansthan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=81-7714-097-3&rft.aulast=Saraswati&rft.aufirst=Sahajanand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pib.nic.in/archieve/phtgalry/pgyr2000/pg062000/pg26june2000/260620001.html">"Photo"</a>. <i>pib.nic.in</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pib.nic.in&rft.atitle=Photo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpib.nic.in%2Farchieve%2Fphtgalry%2Fpgyr2000%2Fpg062000%2Fpg26june2000%2F260620001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chadha-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chadha_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChadha2000" class="citation news cs1">Chadha, Sushma (10 July 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090226225351/http://www.financialexpress.com/old/fe/daily/20000710/fpe09014.html">"A dull June for philatelists"</a>. Financial Express. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.financialexpress.com/old/fe/daily/20000710/fpe09014.html">the original</a> on 26 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+dull+June+for+philatelists&rft.date=2000-07-10&rft.aulast=Chadha&rft.aufirst=Sushma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.financialexpress.com%2Fold%2Ffe%2Fdaily%2F20000710%2Ffpe09014.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080531202003/http://www.icar.org.in/awards.htm">"Indian Council of Agricultural Research Awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indian_Council_of_Agricultural_Research" title="Indian Council of Agricultural Research">Indian Council of Agricultural Research</a>. 3 September 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icar.org.in/awards.htm">the original</a> on 31 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Indian+Council+of+Agricultural+Research+Awards&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icar.org.in%2Fawards.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/22346681.cms">"Cong erred by joining RJD govt, says Rama Pilot"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 23 February 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Cong+erred+by+joining+RJD+govt%2C+says+Rama+Pilot&rft.date=2001-02-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Farticleshow%2F22346681.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081001010517/http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/june/062607/tribute_to_sahajanand.html">"Governor Pays Rich Tribute to Swami Sahajanand"</a>. PatnaDaily.com. 26 June 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/june/062607/tribute_to_sahajanand.html">the original</a> on 1 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Governor+Pays+Rich+Tribute+to+Swami+Sahajanand&rft.date=2007-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.patnadaily.com%2Fnews2007%2Fjune%2F062607%2Ftribute_to_sahajanand.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASahajanand+Saraswati" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><i>Sahajanand on Agricultural Labour and the Rural Poor</i>, edited by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hauser" title="Walter Hauser">Walter Hauser</a>, Manohar Publishers, paperback, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7304-600-X" title="Special:BookSources/81-7304-600-X">81-7304-600-X</a></li> <li>Swami And Friends: Sahajanand Saraswati And Those Who Refuse To Let The Past of Bihar's Peasant Movements Become History By <a href="/wiki/Arvind_Narayan_Das" title="Arvind Narayan Das">Arvind Narayan Das</a>, Paper for the Peasant Symposium, May 1997 <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlottesville" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlottesville">Charlottesville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li>Bagchi, A.K., 1976, 'Deindustrialisation in Gangetic Bihar, 1809– 1901' in Essays in Honour of Prof. S.C. Sarkar, New Delhi.</li> <li>Banaji, Jairus, 1976, "The Peasantry in the Feudal MOde of Production: Towards an Economic Model", Journal of Peasant Studies, April.</li> <li>Bandopadhyay, D., 1973, `Agrarian Relations in Two Bihar Districts', Mainstream, 2 June, New Delhi.</li> <li>Banerjee, N., 1978, `All the Backwards', Sunday, 9 April, Calcutta. Bihar, 1938, Board of Revenue, Average Prices of Staple Food Crops from 1888, Patna.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_M._Brown" title="Judith M. Brown">Judith M. Brown</a>, 1972, Gandhi's Rise to Power: Indian Politics, 1915–1922, London.</li> <li>Datta, K.K., 1957, History of the Freedom Movement in Bihar, Patna.</li> <li>Devanand, Swami, 1958, Virat Kisan Samaroh (Massive Peasant Convention), in Hindi, Bihar Kisan Sangh, Bihta.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=R,_R.Diwakar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R, R.Diwakar (page does not exist)">R, R.Diwakar</a>, ed., 1957, Bihar Through the Ages, Patna.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi">Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi</a>, 1921, 'The Zamindar and the Ryots', Young India, Vol. III (New Series) No. 153, 18 May.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi">Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi</a>, 1940, An Autobiography or The Story of My experiments in Truth, Ahmedabad.</li> <li>Maharaj, R.N., 1976, 'Freed Bonded Labour Camp at Palamau', National Labour Institute Bulletin, October, New Delhi.</li> <li>Mishra, G., 1968. 'The Socio-economic Background of Gandhi's Champaran Movement', Indian Economic and Social History Review, 5(3), New Delhi.</li> <li>Mishra, G., 1978, Agrarian Problems of Permanent Settlement: A Case Study of Champaran, New Delhi.</li> <li>Mitra, Manoshi, 1983, Agrarian Social Structure in Bihar: Continuity and Change, 1786–1820, Delhi : Manohar.</li> <li>Mitra, N., ed, 1938, Indian Annual Register, July–December 1937, Vol. II, Calcutta.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a>, 1936, An Autobiography, London.</li> <li>Pouchepadass, J., 1974, 'Local Leaders and the Intelligentsia in the Champaran Satyagraha', Contributions to Indian Sociology, New Series, No.8, November, New Delhi.</li> <li>Prasad, P.H., 1979, 'Semi-Feudalism: Basic Constraint in Indian Agriculture' in Arvind N. Das & V. Nilakant, eds., Agrarian Relations in India, New Delhi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Prasad" title="Rajendra Prasad">Rajendra Prasad</a>, 1949, Satyagraha in Champaran, Ahmedabad.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Prasad" title="Rajendra Prasad">Rajendra Prasad</a>, 1957, Autobiography, Bombay.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._G._Ranga" title="N. G. Ranga">N. G. Ranga</a>, 1949, Revolutionary Peasants, New Delhi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._G._Ranga" title="N. G. Ranga">N. G. Ranga</a>, 1968, Fight For Freedom, New Delhi.</li> <li>Shanin, Teodor, 1978, "Defining Peasants: Conceptualisations and Deconceptualisations: Old and New in a Marxist Debate", Manchester University.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anugrah_Narayan_Sinha" title="Anugrah Narayan Sinha">Anugrah Narayan Sinha</a>, 1961, Mere Sansmaran (My Recollections), in Hindi Patna.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indradeep_Sinha" title="Indradeep Sinha">Indradeep Sinha</a>, 1969, Sathi ke Kisanon ka Aitihasic Sangharsha (Historic Struggle of Sathi Peasants), in Hindi, Patna.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahajanand_Saraswati&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_independence_movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Template:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Template talk:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_Independence_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian Independence Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_independence_movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_India#Indian_independence_movement_(1885–1947)" title="History of India">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_India" title="Colonial India">Colonisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Porto Grande de Bengala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Bengal" title="Dutch Bengal">Dutch Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_India" title="French India">French India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Buxar" title="Battle of Buxar">Battle of Buxar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Mysore_Wars" title="Anglo-Mysore Wars">Anglo-Mysore Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="First Anglo-Mysore War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Second Anglo-Mysore War">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Third Anglo-Mysore War">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Fourth Anglo-Mysore War">Fourth</a></li></ul></li> <li>Anglo-Maratha Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="First Anglo-Maratha War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Second Anglo-Maratha War">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwalior_campaign" title="Gwalior campaign">Gwalior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygar_Wars" title="Polygar Wars">Polygar Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellore_Mutiny" title="Vellore Mutiny">Vellore Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasi_rebellion" title="Sannyasi rebellion">Sannyasi rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Line" title="Radcliffe Line">Radcliffe Line</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:British_India" title="Category:British India">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophies<br />and ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhism" title="Gandhism">Gandhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Indian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khilafat_Movement" title="Khilafat Movement">Khilafat Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">Muslim nationalism in South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyagraha" title="Satyagraha">Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_India" title="Socialism in India">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadeshi_movement" title="Swadeshi movement">Swadeshi movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaraj" title="Swaraj">Swaraj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and<br /> movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Sociologist" title="The Indian Sociologist">The Indian Sociologist</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Singapore_Mutiny" title="1915 Singapore Mutiny">Singapore Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaran_Satyagraha" title="Champaran Satyagraha">Champaran Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kheda_Satyagraha_of_1918" title="Kheda Satyagraha of 1918">Kheda Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Committee" title="Rowlatt Committee">Rowlatt Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Act" title="Rowlatt Act">Rowlatt Bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jallianwala_Bagh_massacre" title="Jallianwala Bagh massacre">Jallianwala Bagh massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noakhali_riots" title="Noakhali riots">Noakhali riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coolie-Begar_movement" title="Coolie-Begar movement">Coolie-Begar movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauri_Chaura_incident" title="Chauri Chaura incident">Chauri Chaura incident, 1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qissa_Khwani_massacre" title="Qissa Khwani massacre">Qissa Khwani massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Satyagraha" title="Flag Satyagraha">Flag Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardoli_Satyagraha" title="Bardoli Satyagraha">Bardoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Commission" title="Simon Commission">1928 Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru_Report" title="Nehru Report">Nehru Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Points_of_Jinnah" title="Fourteen Points of Jinnah">Fourteen Points of Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_Swaraj" title="Purna Swaraj">Purna Swaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_March" title="Salt March">Salt March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharasana_Satyagraha" title="Dharasana Satyagraha">Dharasana Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedaranyam_March" title="Vedaranyam March">Vedaranyam March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_armoury_raid" title="Chittagong armoury raid">Chittagong armoury raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi%E2%80%93Irwin_Pact" title="Gandhi–Irwin Pact">Gandhi–Irwin Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Table_Conferences_(India)" title="Round Table Conferences (India)">Round table conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_India_Act_1935" title="Government of India Act 1935">Act of 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aundh_Experiment" title="Aundh Experiment">Aundh Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Legion" title="Indian Legion">Indian Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cripps_Mission" title="Cripps Mission">Cripps Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quit_India_Movement" title="Quit India Movement">Quit India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny" title="Royal Indian Navy mutiny">Bombay Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_strikes_of_1946" title="Royal Air Force strikes of 1946">Royal Air Force strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_Yanaon" title="Coup d'état of Yanaon">Coup d'état of Yanaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_India" title="Provisional Government of India">Provisional Government of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(India)" title="Independence Day (India)">Independence Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_States_Peoples%27_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="All India States Peoples' Conference">Praja Mandala movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_Pact" title="Lucknow Pact">Lucknow Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">All-India Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Movement" title="Ghadar Movement">Ghadar Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">Hindustan Socialist Republican Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_National_Congress" title="History of the Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Home_Rule_movement" title="Indian Home Rule movement">Indian Home Rule movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_League" title="Indian Independence League">Indian Independence League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaksar_movement" title="Khaksar movement">Khaksar movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudai_Khidmatgar" title="Khudai Khidmatgar">Khudai Khidmatgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaraj_Party" title="Swaraj Party">Swaraj Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_movement" title="Category:Indian independence movement">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social<br />reformers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Vaidyanatha_Iyer" title="A. Vaidyanatha Iyer">A. Vaidyanatha Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayya_Vaikundar" title="Ayya Vaikundar">Ayya Vaikundar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyankali" title="Ayyankali">Ayyankali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">B. R. Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Amte" title="Baba Amte">Baba Amte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhondo_Keshav_Karve" title="Dhondo Keshav Karve">Dhondo Keshav Karve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Subramania_Iyer" title="G. Subramania Iyer">G. Subramania Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazulu_Lakshminarasu_Chetty" title="Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty">Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Ganesh_Agarkar" title="Gopal Ganesh Agarkar">Gopal Ganesh Agarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Hari_Deshmukh" title="Gopal Hari Deshmukh">Gopal Hari Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopaldas_Ambaidas_Desai" title="Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai">Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar" title="Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar">Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Kripalani" title="J. B. Kripalani">J. B. Kripalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotirao_Phule" title="Jyotirao Phule">Jyotirao Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandukuri_Veeresalingam" title="Kandukuri Veeresalingam">Kandukuri Veeresalingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadev_Govind_Ranade" title="Mahadev Govind Ranade">Mahadev Govind Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muthulakshmi_Reddy" title="Muthulakshmi Reddy">Muthulakshmi Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niralamba_Swami" title="Niralamba Swami">Niralamba Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandita_Ramabai" title="Pandita Ramabai">Pandita Ramabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyar" title="Periyar">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Mohan_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Mohan Roy">Ram Mohan Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rettamalai_Srinivasan" title="Rettamalai Srinivasan">Rettamalai Srinivasan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitribai_Phule" title="Savitribai Phule">Savitribai Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahu_of_Kolhapur" title="Shahu of Kolhapur">Shahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Nivedita" title="Sister Nivedita">Sister Nivedita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ahmad_Khan" title="Syed Ahmad Khan">Syed Ahmad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vakkom_Moulavi" title="Vakkom Moulavi">Vakkom Moulavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinoba_Bhave" title="Vinoba Bhave">Vinoba Bhave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitthal_Ramji_Shinde" title="Vitthal Ramji Shinde">Vitthal Ramji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independence<br /> activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Kalam_Azad" class="mw-redirect" title="Abul Kalam Azad">Abul Kalam Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accamma_Cherian" title="Accamma Cherian">Accamma Cherian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achyut_Patwardhan" title="Achyut Patwardhan">Achyut Patwardhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluri_Sitarama_Raju" title="Alluri Sitarama Raju">Alluri Sitarama Raju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Maharana" title="Annapurna Maharana">Annapurna Maharana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Besant" title="Annie Besant">Annie Besant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Singh" title="Kunwar Singh">Babu Kunwar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar" title="Bahadur Shah Zafar">Bahadur Shah II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakht_Khan" title="Bakht Khan">Bakht Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basawon_Singh" title="Basawon Singh">Basawon Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begum_Hazrat_Mahal" title="Begum Hazrat Mahal">Begum Hazrat Mahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharathidasan" title="Bharathidasan">Bharathidasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhikaiji_Cama" title="Bhikaiji Cama">Bhikaiji Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendra_Kumar_Datta" title="Bhupendra Kumar Datta">Bhupendra Kumar Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidhan_Chandra_Roy" title="Bidhan Chandra Roy">Bidhan Chandra Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Chandra_Pal" title="Bipin Chandra Pal">Bipin Chandra Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Rajagopalachari" title="C. Rajagopalachari">C. Rajagopalachari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_Azad" title="Chandra Shekhar Azad">Chandra Shekhar Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetram_Jatav" title="Chetram Jatav">Chetram Jatav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaranjan_Das" title="Chittaranjan Das">Chittaranjan Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadabhai_Naoroji" title="Dadabhai Naoroji">Dadabhai Naoroji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhan_Singh" title="Dhan Singh">Dhan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukkipati_Nageswara_Rao" title="Dukkipati Nageswara Rao">Dukkipati Nageswara Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Gokhale" title="Gopal Krishna Gokhale">Gopal Krishna Gokhale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govind_Ballabh_Pant" title="Govind Ballabh Pant">Govind Ballabh Pant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemu_Kalani" title="Hemu Kalani">Hemu Kalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inayatullah_Khan_Mashriqi" title="Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi">Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Mohan_Sengupta" title="Jatindra Mohan Sengupta">Jatindra Mohan Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Nath_Das" title="Jatindra Nath Das">Jatindra Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Kamaraj" title="K. Kamaraj">K. Kamaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaiyalal_Maneklal_Munshi" title="Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi">Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Ghaffar_Khan" title="Abdul Ghaffar Khan">Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudiram_Bose" title="Khudiram Bose">Khudiram Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Krishna_Sinha" title="Shri Krishna Sinha">Shri Krishna Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai" title="Lala Lajpat Rai">Lala Lajpat Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Bhaktavatsalam" title="M. Bhaktavatsalam">M. Bhaktavatsalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghfoor_Ahmad_Ajazi" title="Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi">Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadaji_Shinde" title="Mahadaji Shinde">Mahadaji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_Pandey" title="Mangal Pandey">Mangal Pandey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Qasim" title="Mir Qasim">Mir Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithuben_Petit" title="Mithuben Petit">Mithuben Petit‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jauhar" title="Mohammad Ali Jauhar">Mohammad Ali Jauhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mian_Mansoor_Ansari" title="Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari">Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagnath_Naikwadi" title="Nagnath Naikwadi">Nagnath Naikwadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Fadnavis" title="Nana Fadnavis">Nana Fadnavis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Saheb_Peshwa_II" title="Nana Saheb Peshwa II">Nana Saheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Kakkan" title="P. 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Venkataraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahul_Sankrityayan" title="Rahul Sankrityayan">Rahul Sankrityayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Prasad" title="Rajendra Prasad">Rajendra Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Prasad_Bismil" title="Ram Prasad Bismil">Ram Prasad Bismil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rani_of_Jhansi" title="Rani of Jhansi">Rani Lakshmibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangolli_Rayanna" title="Sangolli Rayanna">Sangolli Rayanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarojini_Naidu" title="Sarojini Naidu">Sarojini Naidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyapal_Dang" title="Satyapal Dang">Satyapal Dang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuja-ud-Daula" title="Shuja-ud-Daula">Shuja-ud-Daula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_of_Pagaro_VI" title="Pir of Pagaro VI">Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siraj_ud-Daulah" class="mw-redirect" title="Siraj ud-Daulah">Siraj ud-Daulah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramania_Bharati" title="Subramania Bharati">Subramania Bharati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramaniya_Siva" title="Subramaniya Siva">Subramaniya Siva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Sen" title="Surya Sen">Surya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Prasad_Mukherjee" title="Syama Prasad Mukherjee">Syama Prasad Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tara_Rani_Srivastava" title="Tara Rani Srivastava">Tara Rani Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatya_Tope" title="Tatya Tope">Tatya Tope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruppur_Kumaran" title="Tiruppur Kumaran">Tiruppur Kumaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaidullah_Sindhi" title="Ubaidullah Sindhi">Ubaidullah Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._O._Chidambaram_Pillai" title="V. O. Chidambaram Pillai">V. O. Chidamabaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Krishna_Menon" title="V. K. Krishna Menon">V. K. Krishna Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabhbhai_Patel" title="Vallabhbhai Patel">Vallabhbhai Patel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchinathan" title="Vanchinathan">Vanchinathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeran_Sundaralingam" title="Veeran Sundaralingam">Veeran Sundaralingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Virendranath Chattopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashwantrao_Holkar" title="Yashwantrao Holkar">Yashwantrao Holkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogendra_Shukla" title="Yogendra Shukla">Yogendra Shukla</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_activists" title="Category:Indian independence activists">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Wavell,_1st_Earl_Wavell" title="Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell">Wavell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Canning,_1st_Earl_Canning" title="Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis" title="Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis">Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax" title="Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax">Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Thesiger,_1st_Viscount_Chelmsford" title="Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston">Curzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound,_1st_Earl_of_Minto" title="Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto">Minto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Broun-Ramsay,_1st_Marquess_of_Dalhousie" title="James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie">Dalhousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_William_Bentinck" title="Lord William Bentinck">Bentinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Mountbatten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wellesley,_1st_Marquess_Wellesley" title="Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bulwer-Lytton,_1st_Earl_of_Lytton" title="Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton">Lytton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Clive" title="Robert Clive">Clive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Outram,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet">Outram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Cripps" title="Stafford Cripps">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hope,_2nd_Marquess_of_Linlithgow" title="Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of 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href="/wiki/Political_integration_of_India" title="Political integration of India">Political integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Conference" title="Simla Conference">Simla Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7399427#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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