CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Miracle - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"57ef31d3-72d2-4df8-b84a-db41cb81fe2f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Miracle","wgTitle":"Miracle","wgCurRevisionId":1254160185,"wgRevisionId":1254160185,"wgArticleId":52041,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: archived copy as title","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2024","All articles with vague or ambiguous time","Vague or ambiguous time from July 2023","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2014","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2024", "Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link","Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback via Module:Annotated link","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","Miracles","Philosophy of religion","Religious terminology"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Miracle","wgRelevantArticleId":52041,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir": "ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q170774","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022", "ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg/1200px-Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1649"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg/800px-Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1100"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg/640px-Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="880"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Miracle - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Miracle rootpage-Miracle skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Miracle" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Miracle" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Miracle" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Miracle" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naturalistic_explanations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naturalistic_explanations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Naturalistic explanations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Naturalistic_explanations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Naturalistic explanations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Naturalistic_explanations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Law_of_truly_large_numbers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_of_truly_large_numbers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Law of truly large numbers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_of_truly_large_numbers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supernatural_explanations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supernatural_explanations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Supernatural explanations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Supernatural_explanations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Supernatural explanations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Supernatural_explanations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Philosophical_explanations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philosophical_explanations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Philosophical explanations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philosophical_explanations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aristotelian_and_Neo-Aristotelian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aristotelian_and_Neo-Aristotelian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Aristotelian and Neo-Aristotelian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aristotelian_and_Neo-Aristotelian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baruch_Spinoza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baruch_Spinoza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Baruch Spinoza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baruch_Spinoza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-David_Hume" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#David_Hume"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>David Hume</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-David_Hume-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friedrich_Schleiermacher" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friedrich_Schleiermacher"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Friedrich Schleiermacher</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friedrich_Schleiermacher-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Søren_Kierkegaard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Søren_Kierkegaard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.5</span> <span>Søren Kierkegaard</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Søren_Kierkegaard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-James_Keller" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#James_Keller"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.6</span> <span>James Keller</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-James_Keller-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Religious views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religious_views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religious views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religious_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Buddhism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buddhism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Buddhism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buddhism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Christianity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christianity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Catholic_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catholic_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evangelicalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evangelicalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Evangelicalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evangelicalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hinduism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinduism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Hinduism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinduism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Judaism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_recent_miracles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_recent_miracles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of recent miracles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_recent_miracles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes and references subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_references_and_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_references_and_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>General references and books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_references_and_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Miracle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A9_(%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86)" title="معجزة (دين) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معجزة (دين)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6c%C3%BCz%C9%99" title="Möcüzə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Möcüzə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%98%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="অলৌকিক ঘটনা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অলৌকিক ঘটনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D2%93%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D3%99" title="Мөғжизә – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мөғжизә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Цуд – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цуд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE" title="Чудо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чудо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Miracle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1zrak" title="Zázrak – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zázrak" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munana" title="Munana – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Munana" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyrth" title="Gwyrth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwyrth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirakel" title="Mirakel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mirakel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wunder" title="Wunder – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wunder" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ime" title="Ime – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ime" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B1%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Θαύμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θαύμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milagro" title="Milagro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Milagro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraklo" title="Miraklo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Miraklo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirari" title="Mirari – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mirari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%87" title="معجزه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="معجزه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Miracle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirril" title="Mirril – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Mirril" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milagre" title="Milagre – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Milagre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%A0%81" title="기적 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기적" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B7%D6%84" title="Հրաշք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հրաշք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="चमत्कार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चमत्कार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cudo" title="Čudo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Čudo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraklo" title="Miraklo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Miraklo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cr%E1%BB%A5_Ebube" title="Ọrụ Ebube – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ọrụ Ebube" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukjizat" title="Mukjizat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mukjizat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculo" title="Miraculo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Miraculo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraftaverk" title="Kraftaverk – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kraftaverk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracolo" title="Miracolo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Miracolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="נס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A1" title="ಪವಾಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪವಾಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სასწაული – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სასწაული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muujiza" title="Muujiza – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Muujiza" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirak" title="Mirak – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mirak" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muc%C3%AEze" title="Mucîze – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mucîze" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculum" title="Miraculum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Miraculum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%ABnums" title="Brīnums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brīnums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stebuklas" title="Stebuklas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stebuklas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csoda" title="Csoda – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csoda" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahagagana" title="Fahagagana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fahagagana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keajaiban" title="Keajaiban – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Keajaiban" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonder" title="Wonder – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wonder" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%B7%A1" title="奇跡 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="奇跡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirakel" title="Mirakel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mirakel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirakel" title="Mirakel – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mirakel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%CA%BBjiza" title="Moʻjiza – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Moʻjiza" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4" title="ਕਰਾਮਾਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਰਾਮਾਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="معجزا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="معجزا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cud_(religia)" title="Cud (religia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cud (religia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milagre" title="Milagre – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Milagre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracol" title="Miracol – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Miracol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE" title="Чудо – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чудо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrekullia" title="Mrekullia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mrekullia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Miracle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%88" title="معجزو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="معجزو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1zrak" title="Zázrak – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zázrak" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cude%C5%BE" title="Čudež – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Čudež" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%95" title="موعجیزە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="موعجیزە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cudo" title="Čudo – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Čudo" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihme" title="Ihme – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ihme" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirakel" title="Mirakel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mirakel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milagro" title="Milagro – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Milagro" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucize" title="Mucize – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mucize" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwanwade%C9%9B" title="Anwanwadeɛ – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Anwanwadeɛ" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Диво – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Диво" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%81" title="معجزہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معجزہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A9p_l%E1%BA%A1" title="Phép lạ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phép lạ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%BF%B9" title="奇迹 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奇迹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="נס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%B7%A1" title="奇跡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奇跡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q170774#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Miracle" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Miracle"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Miracle"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Miracle" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Miracle" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&oldid=1254160185" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Miracle&id=1254160185&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMiracle"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMiracle"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Miracle&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Miracles" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Miracles" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q170774" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Event not explicable by natural or scientific laws</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Miracle_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Miracle (disambiguation)">Miracle (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Miraculous" redirects here. For the animated television series, see <a href="/wiki/Miraculous:_Tales_of_Ladybug_%26_Cat_Noir" title="Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir">Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Paranormal" title="Category:Paranormal">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;padding:0 0.2em 0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg/220px-Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg/330px-Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg/440px-Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="5498" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Weeping_statue" title="Weeping statue">weeping statue</a> of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akita" title="Our Lady of Akita">Our Lady of Akita</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Vatican</a> has officially approved a 1970s <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> as miraculous. The entire nation of Japan was able to view the tears of the statue of the <a href="/wiki/BVM(RC)" class="mw-redirect" title="BVM(RC)">Virgin Mary</a> on national television.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Main articles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astral_projection" title="Astral projection">Astral projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">Astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(paranormal)" title="Aura (paranormal)">Aura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilocation" title="Bilocation">Bilocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia">Breatharianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clairvoyance" title="Clairvoyance">Clairvoyance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_encounter" title="Close encounter">Close encounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_spot_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold spot (paranormal)">Cold spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_gazing" title="Crystal gazing">Crystal gazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evocation" title="Evocation">Conjuration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptozoology" title="Cryptozoology">Cryptozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Demonic possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonology" title="Demonology">Demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppelg%C3%A4nger" title="Doppelgänger">Doppelgänger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectoplasm_(paranormal)" title="Ectoplasm (paranormal)">Ectoplasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voice_phenomenon" title="Electronic voice phenomenon">Electronic voice phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism" title="Exorcism">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrasensory_perception" title="Extrasensory perception">Extrasensory perception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forteana" class="mw-redirect" title="Forteana">Forteana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune-telling" title="Fortune-telling">Fortune-telling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_hunting" title="Ghost hunting">Ghost hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations" title="List of reportedly haunted locations">Haunted locations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_India" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Reportedly haunted locations in the United Kingdom">UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_States" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in the United States">US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">Mediumship</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orb_(optics)#Paranormal_claims" class="mw-redirect" title="Orb (optics)">Orb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouija" title="Ouija">Ouija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_fiction" title="Paranormal fiction">Paranormal fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_television" title="Paranormal television">Paranormal television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precognition" title="Precognition">Precognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preternatural" title="Preternatural">Preternatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">Psychic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic_reading" title="Psychic reading">Psychic reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychometry_(paranormal)" title="Psychometry (paranormal)">Psychometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_viewing" title="Remote viewing">Remote viewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrocognition" title="Retrocognition">Retrocognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_photography" title="Spirit photography">Spirit photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Spirit possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_world_(Spiritualism)" title="Spirit world (Spiritualism)">Spirit world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(beliefs)" title="Spiritualism (beliefs)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Tape" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone Tape">Stone Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telekinesis" title="Telekinesis">Telekinesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telepathy" title="Telepathy">Telepathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table-turning" title="Table-turning">Table-turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Skepticism" title="Skepticism">Skepticism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_reading" title="Cold reading">Cold reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Skeptical_Inquiry" title="Committee for Skeptical Inquiry">Committee for Skeptical Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debunker" title="Debunker">Debunking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoax" title="Hoax">Hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randi_Educational_Foundation" title="James Randi Educational Foundation">James Randi Educational Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_thinking" title="Magical thinking">Magical thinking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prizes_for_evidence_of_the_paranormal" title="List of prizes for evidence of the paranormal">Prizes for evidence of the paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoskepticism" title="Pseudoskepticism">Pseudoskepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_literacy" title="Scientific literacy">Scientific literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_skepticism" title="Scientific skepticism">Scientific skepticism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomalous_experiences" title="Anomalous experiences">Anomalous experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apparitional_experience" title="Apparitional experience">Apparitional experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empath" title="Empath">Empath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_awakening" title="False awakening">False awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideomotor_phenomenon" title="Ideomotor phenomenon">Ideomotor phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out-of-body_experience" title="Out-of-body experience">Out-of-body experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronicity" title="Synchronicity">Synchronicity</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomalistics" title="Anomalistics">Anomalistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance" title="Argument from ignorance">Argument from ignorance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_populum" title="Argumentum ad populum">Argumentum ad populum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandwagon_effect" title="Bandwagon effect">Bandwagon effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begging_the_question" title="Begging the question">Begging the question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_dissonance" title="Cognitive dissonance">Cognitive dissonance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communal_reinforcement" title="Communal reinforcement">Communal reinforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallacy" title="Fallacy">Fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falsifiability" title="Falsifiability">Falsifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fringe_science" title="Fringe science">Fringe science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupthink" title="Groupthink">Groupthink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_science" title="Junk science">Junk science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoscience" title="Protoscience">Protoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_evidence" title="Scientific evidence">Scientific evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">Scientific method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstition" title="Superstition">Superstition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncertainty" title="Uncertainty">Uncertainty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">Urban legend</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Paranormal" title="Template:Paranormal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paranormal" title="Template talk:Paranormal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paranormal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paranormal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>miracle</b> is an event that is inexplicable by <a href="/wiki/Physical_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical laws">natural</a> or <a href="/wiki/Scientific_law" title="Scientific law">scientific laws</a><sup id="cite_ref-Miracle_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miracle-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and accordingly gets attributed to some <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a> or <a href="/wiki/Praeternatural" class="mw-redirect" title="Praeternatural">praeternatural</a> cause. Various <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religions</a> often attribute a phenomenon characterized as miraculous to the actions of a supernatural being, (especially) a <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deity</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Thaumaturgy" title="Thaumaturgy">miracle worker</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a>, or a <a href="/wiki/Religious_leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious leader">religious leader</a>. </p><p>Informally, English-speakers often use the word <i>miracle</i> to characterise any beneficial event that is statistically unlikely but not contrary to the <a href="/wiki/Laws_of_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws of science">laws of nature</a>, such as surviving a <a href="/wiki/Natural_disaster" title="Natural disaster">natural disaster</a>, or simply a "wonderful" occurrence, regardless of likelihood (e.g. "the miracle of childbirth"). Some <a href="/wiki/Coincidence" title="Coincidence">coincidences</a> may be seen as miracles.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A true miracle would, by definition, be a non-natural phenomenon, leading many writers to dismiss miracles as physically impossible (that is, requiring violation of established laws of physics within their domain of validity) or impossible to confirm by their nature (because all possible physical mechanisms can never be ruled out). The former position is expressed (for instance) by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, and the latter by <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a>. <a href="/wiki/Theologian" class="mw-redirect" title="Theologian">Theologians</a> typically say that, with <a href="/wiki/Divine_providence" title="Divine providence">divine providence</a>, <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> regularly works through <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">nature</a> yet, as a <a href="/wiki/Creator_deity" title="Creator deity">creator</a>, may work without, above, or against it as well.<sup id="cite_ref-Miracles_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miracles-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitions">Definitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>miracle</i> is usually used to describe any beneficial event that is physically impossible or impossible to confirm by nature.<sup id="cite_ref-Miracle_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miracle-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Grudem" title="Wayne Grudem">Wayne Grudem</a> defines a miracle as "a less common kind of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>'s activity in which he arouses people's awe and wonder and bears witness to himself."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A deistic perspective of God's relation to the world defines a miracle as a <a href="/wiki/Divine_intervention" title="Divine intervention">direct intervention</a> of God into the world.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naturalistic_explanations">Naturalistic explanations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Naturalistic explanations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A miracle may be false information or simply a fictional story, rather than something that truly happened. A miracle experience may be due to <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_bias" title="Cognitive bias">cognitive errors</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Overthinking" class="mw-redirect" title="Overthinking">overthinking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jumping_to_conclusions" title="Jumping to conclusions">jumping to conclusions</a>) or <a href="/wiki/Psychological_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological disorder">psychological errors</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Hallucination" title="Hallucination">hallucinations</a>) of <a href="/wiki/Witness" title="Witness">witnesses</a>. Use of some drugs such as <a href="/wiki/Psychedelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychedelic">psychedelics</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Ecstasy_(drug)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecstasy (drug)">ecstasy</a>) may produce similar effects to <a href="/wiki/Religious_experience" title="Religious experience">religious experiences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_of_truly_large_numbers">Law of truly large numbers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Law of truly large numbers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Law_of_truly_large_numbers" title="Law of truly large numbers">Law of truly large numbers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Littlewood%27s_law" title="Littlewood's law">Littlewood's law</a></div> <p>Statistically improbable events are sometimes called miracles. For instance, when three classmates coincidentally meet in a different country decades after having left school, they may consider this <i>miraculous</i>. However, a colossal number of events happen every moment on Earth; thus, extremely unlikely coincidences also happen every moment. Events considered <i>impossible</i> are therefore not so – they are just increasingly rare and dependent on the number of individual events. British mathematician <a href="/wiki/J._E._Littlewood" class="mw-redirect" title="J. E. Littlewood">J. E. Littlewood</a> suggested that individuals should statistically expect one-in-a-million events to happen to them at the rate of about one per month. By his definition, seemingly miraculous events are actually commonplace. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supernatural_explanations">Supernatural explanations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Supernatural explanations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A miracle is a phenomenon not explained by known <a href="/wiki/Physical_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical law">laws of nature</a>. The criteria for classifying an event as a miracle vary. Often a <a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">religious text</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> or <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>, states that a miracle occurred, and believers may accept this as fact. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philosophical_explanations">Philosophical explanations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philosophical explanations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aristotelian_and_Neo-Aristotelian">Aristotelian and Neo-Aristotelian</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aristotelian and Neo-Aristotelian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Aristotelian_view_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristotelian view of God">Aristotelian view of God</a> has God as pure actuality<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and considers him as the prime mover doing only what a perfect being can do, think.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a> neo-<a href="/wiki/Aristotelianism" title="Aristotelianism">Aristotelian</a> <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophers</a><sup id="cite_ref-Afterman_2016_p._102_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afterman_2016_p._102-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who are still influential today include <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_ben_Judah_ibn_Tibbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel ben Judah ibn Tibbon">Samuel ben Judah ibn Tibbon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gersonides" title="Gersonides">Gersonides</a>. Directly or indirectly, their views are still<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (July 2023)">as of?</span></a></i>]</sup> prevalent in much of the religious Jewish community. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Baruch_Spinoza">Baruch Spinoza</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Baruch Spinoza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Epistemic_theory_of_miracles" title="Epistemic theory of miracles">Epistemic theory of miracles</a></div> <p>In his <i><a href="/wiki/Tractatus_Theologico-Politicus" title="Tractatus Theologico-Politicus">Tractatus Theologico-Politicus</a></i>, the philosopher <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Spinoza</a> claims that miracles are merely lawlike events of whose causes we are ignorant.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> We should not treat them as having no cause or as having a cause immediately available. Rather the miracle is for combating the ignorance it entails, like a political project.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2014)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="David_Hume">David Hume</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: David Hume"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Of_Miracles" title="Of Miracles">Of Miracles</a></div> <p>According to the philosopher <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a>, a miracle is "a transgression of a law of nature by a particular volition of the Deity, or by the interposition of some invisible agent".<sup id="cite_ref-Miracles_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miracles-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crux of his argument is this: "No testimony is sufficient to establish a miracle, unless the testimony be of such a kind, that its falsehood would be more miraculous, than the fact which it endeavours to establish." By Hume's definition, a miracle goes against our regular experience of how the universe works. As miracles are single events, the evidence for them is always limited and we experience them rarely. On the basis of experience and evidence, the probability that miracle occurred is always less than the probability that it did not occur. As it is rational to believe what is more probable, we are not supposed to have a good reason to believe that a miracle occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Friedrich_Schleiermacher">Friedrich Schleiermacher</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Friedrich Schleiermacher"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Christian_theologian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian theologian">Christian theologian</a> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Friedrich Schleiermacher</a> "every event, even the most natural and usual, becomes a miracle as soon as the religious view of it can be the dominant".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Søren_Kierkegaard"><span id="S.C3.B8ren_Kierkegaard"></span>Søren Kierkegaard</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Søren Kierkegaard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The philosopher <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard" title="Søren Kierkegaard">Søren Kierkegaard</a>, following Hume and <a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_Hamann" title="Johann Georg Hamann">Johann Georg Hamann</a>, a Humean scholar, agrees with Hume's definition of a miracle as a transgression of a law of nature,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Kierkegaard, writing as his pseudonym <i>Johannes Climacus</i>, regards any historical reports to be less than certain, including historical reports of miracles, as all historical knowledge is always doubtful and open to approximation.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="James_Keller">James Keller</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: James Keller"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/James_Keller_(priest)" title="James Keller (priest)">James Keller</a> states that the "claim that God has worked a miracle implies that God has singled out certain persons for some benefit which many others do not receive implies that God is unfair."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_views">Religious views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Religious views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to a 2011 poll by the Pew Research Center, more than 90 percent of <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical Christians</a> believe miracles still take place.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Christians see God as sometimes intervening in human activities, Muslims see Allah as a direct cause of all events. "God's overwhelming closeness makes it easy for Muslims to admit the miraculous in the world."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buddhism">Buddhism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Buddhism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Gautama_Buddha" title="Miracles of Gautama Buddha">Miracles of Gautama Buddha</a></div> <p>The <i>Haedong Kosung-jon</i> of Korea (Biographies of High Monks) records that King <a href="/wiki/Beopheung_of_Silla" title="Beopheung of Silla">Beopheung of Silla</a> had desired to promulgate Buddhism as the state religion. However, officials in his court opposed him. In the fourteenth year of his reign, Beopheung's "Grand Secretary", <a href="/wiki/Ichadon" title="Ichadon">Ichadon</a>, devised a strategy to overcome court opposition. Ichadon schemed with the king, convincing him to make a proclamation granting Buddhism official state sanction using the royal seal. Ichadon told the king to deny having made such a proclamation when the opposing officials received it and demanded an explanation. Instead, Ichadon would confess and accept the punishment of execution, for what would quickly be seen as a forgery. Ichadon prophesied to the king that at his execution a wonderful miracle would convince the opposing court faction of Buddhism's power. Ichadon's scheme went as planned, and the opposing officials took the bait. According to legend when Ichadon was executed on the 15th day of the 9th month in 527, his prophecy was fulfilled; the earth shook, the sun was darkened, beautiful flowers rained from the sky, his severed head flew to the sacred Geumgang mountains, and milk instead of blood sprayed 100 feet in the air from his beheaded corpse. The omen was accepted by the opposing court officials as a manifestation of heaven's approval, and Buddhism was made the state religion in 527 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Honch%C5%8D_Hokke_Reigenki" class="mw-redirect" title="Honchō Hokke Reigenki">Honchō Hokke Reigenki</a></i> (c. 1040) of Japan contains a collection of Buddhist miracle stories.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Miracles play an important role in the veneration of Buddhist relics in Southern Asia. Thus, Somawathie Stupa in Sri Lanka is an increasingly popular site of pilgrimage and tourist destination thanks to multiple reports about miraculous rays of light, apparitions and modern <a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">legends</a>, which often have been fixed in photographs and movies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christianity">Christianity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles of Jesus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gift_of_miracles" title="Gift of miracles">Gift of miracles</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg/300px-Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg/450px-Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg/600px-Accademia_-_Miracle_of_the_Slave_by_Tintoretto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6423" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>The <i><a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_Slave" class="mw-redirect" title="Miracle of the Slave">Miracle of the Slave</a></i>, a 1548 painting by Tintoretto, from the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice. It portrays an episode of the life of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Mark" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Mark">Saint Mark</a>, patron saint of Venice, taken from <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_de_Voragine" title="Jacobus de Voragine">Jacobus de Voragine</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Golden_Legend" title="Golden Legend">Golden Legend</a></i>. The scene shows a saint intervening to make a slave who is about to be martyred invulnerable.</figcaption></figure> <p>The gospels record three sorts of miracles performed by Jesus: <a href="/wiki/Exorcisms" class="mw-redirect" title="Exorcisms">exorcisms</a>, cures, and natural wonders.<sup id="cite_ref-ActJIntro_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ActJIntro-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a>, the miracles are referred to as "signs" and the emphasis is on God demonstrating his underlying normal activity in remarkable ways.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the New Testament, the greatest miracle is the <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">resurrection of Jesus</a>, the event central to Christian faith. </p><p>Jesus explains in the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> that miracles are performed by <a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">faith</a> in God. "If you have faith as small as a mustard seed, you can say to this mountain, 'move from here to there' and it will move." (<a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Gospel of Matthew</a> 17:20). After Jesus returned to heaven, the Book of Acts records the disciples of Jesus praying to God to grant that miracles be done in his name for the purpose of convincing onlookers that he is alive. (<a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts</a> 4:29–31). </p><p>Other passages mention <a href="/wiki/False_prophet" title="False prophet">false prophets</a> who will be able to perform miracles to deceive "if possible, even the elect of Christ" (Matthew 24:24). 2 Thessalonians 2:9 says, "And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of His mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of His coming: Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the Truth, that they might be saved." Revelation 13:13,14 says, "And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live." Revelation 16:14 says, "For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to gather them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty." Revelation 19:20 says, "And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone." These passages indicate that signs, wonders, and miracles are not necessarily committed by God. These miracles not committed by God are labeled as false(pseudo) miracles though which could mean that they are deceptive in nature and are not the same as the true miracles committed by God. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">early Christianity</a> miracles were the most often attested motivations for conversions of <a href="/wiki/Pagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagan">pagans</a>; pagan Romans took the existence of miracles for granted; Christian texts reporting them offered miracles as divine proof of the Christian God's unique claim to authority, relegating all other gods to the lower status of <i><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">daimones</a></i>:<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "of all worships, the Christian best and most particularly advertised its miracles by driving out of spirits and <a href="/wiki/Laying_on_of_hands" title="Laying on of hands">laying on of hands</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a> is structured around miraculous "signs": The success of the Apostles according to the church historian <a href="/wiki/Eusebius_of_Caesarea" class="mw-redirect" title="Eusebius of Caesarea">Eusebius of Caesarea</a> lay in their miracles: "though laymen in their language", he asserted, "they drew courage from divine, miraculous powers".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">conversion of Constantine</a> by a miraculous sign in heaven is a prominent fourth-century example. </p><p>Since the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a>, miracles have often needed to be rationalized: <a href="/wiki/C.S._Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="C.S. Lewis">C.S. Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Geisler" title="Norman Geisler">Norman Geisler</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Lane_Craig" title="William Lane Craig">William Lane Craig</a>, and other 20th-century Christians have argued that miracles are reasonable and plausible. For example, Lewis said that a miracle is something that comes totally out of the blue. If for thousands of years a woman can become pregnant only by sexual intercourse with a man, then if she were to become pregnant without a man, it would be a miracle.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others argue that Jesus's healing miracles dealt with <a href="/wiki/Conversion_disorder" title="Conversion disorder">conversion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Somatization_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Somatization disorder">somatization disorders</a>, could manifest as <a href="/wiki/Blindness" class="mw-redirect" title="Blindness">blindness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paralysis" title="Paralysis">paralysis</a> etc.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a Mediterranean context, healing was also defined as restoring a person's social standing. Some diseases, like <a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">leprosy</a>, caused immense social stigma.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have been numerous claims of miracles by people of most Christian denominations, including but not limited to <a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">faith healings</a> and exorcisms. Miracle reports are especially prevalent in <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholicism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Charismatic Movement">Charismatic</a> churches. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Catholic_Church">Catholic Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_Miracle" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucharistic Miracle">Eucharistic Miracle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stigmata" title="Stigmata">Stigmata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weeping_statue" title="Weeping statue">Weeping statue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moving_statues" title="Moving statues">Moving statues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visions_of_Jesus_and_Mary" title="Visions of Jesus and Mary">Visions of Jesus and Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Incorruptibility" title="Incorruptibility">Incorruptibility</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Perceptions_of_religious_imagery_in_natural_phenomena" title="Perceptions of religious imagery in natural phenomena">Perceptions of religious imagery in natural phenomena</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> believes miracles are works of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>, either directly, or through the prayers and <a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_saints" title="Intercession of saints">intercessions</a> of a specific <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a> or saints. There is usually a specific purpose connected to a miracle, e.g. the conversion of a person or persons to the Catholic faith or the construction of a church desired by God. The church says that it tries to be very cautious to approve the validity of putative miracles. The Catholic Church also says that it maintains particularly stringent requirements in validating the miracle's authenticity.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The process is overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Causes of Saints">Congregation for the Causes of Saints</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Catholic Church has listed several events as miracles, some of them occurring in modern times. Before a person can be accepted as a saint, they must be posthumously confirmed to have performed two miracles. In the procedure of <a href="/wiki/Beatification_and_canonisation_of_Pope_John_Paul_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatification and canonisation of Pope John Paul II">beatification of Pope John Paul II</a>, who died in 2005, the Vatican announced on 14 January 2011 that <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> had declared that the recovery of Marie Simon-Pierre from <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease" title="Parkinson's disease">Parkinson's disease</a> was a miracle.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-beatify_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-beatify-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the more notable miracles approved by the church are several <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracles</a> wherein the <a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">sacramental species</a> of bread and wine attain the accidents of human flesh and blood. Prominent examples are the <a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_Lanciano" class="mw-redirect" title="Miracle of Lanciano">Miracle of Lanciano</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle_of_Santar%C3%A9m" title="Eucharistic miracle of Santarém">Santarém</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to 17th century documents, a young Spanish <a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_Calanda" title="Miracle of Calanda">man's leg was miraculously restored</a> to him in 1640 after having been amputated two and a half years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another miracle approved by the church is the <a href="/wiki/Miracle_of_the_Sun" title="Miracle of the Sun">Miracle of the Sun</a>, which is said to have occurred near <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Fatima" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Fatima">Fátima, Portugal</a> on October 13, 1917. According to legend, between 70,000 and 100,000 people, who were gathered at a <a href="/wiki/Cova_da_Iria" title="Cova da Iria">cove</a> near Fátima, witnessed the sunlight dim and change colors, and the Sun spin, dance about in the sky, and appear to plummet towards Earth, radiating great heat in the process. After the ten-minute event, the ground and the people's clothing, which had been drenched by a previous rainstorm, were both dry. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Velankanni" title="Velankanni">Velankanni</a> (Mary) can be traced to the mid-16th century and is attributed to three miracles: the apparition of <a href="/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary (mother of Jesus)">Mary</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ">Christ</a> Child to a slumbering shepherd boy, the curing of a lame buttermilk vendor, and the rescue of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a> sailors from a violent sea storm.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to these, the Catholic Church attributes miraculous causes to many otherwise inexplicable phenomena on a case-by-case basis. Only after all other possible explanations have been asserted to be inadequate will the church assume <i><a href="/wiki/Divine_intervention" title="Divine intervention">divine intervention</a></i> and declare the miracle worthy of veneration by their followers. The church does not, however, enjoin belief in any extra-Scriptural miracle as an <a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">article of faith</a> or as necessary for <a href="/wiki/Salvation" title="Salvation">salvation</a>. </p> <p><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>, a prominent <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctor of the Church</a>, divided miracles into three types in his <i><a href="/wiki/Summa_contra_Gentiles" title="Summa contra Gentiles">Summa contra Gentiles</a></i>:</p><blockquote><p>Things that are at times divinely accomplished, apart from the generally established order in things, are customarily called miracles; for we admire with some astonishment a certain event when we observe the effect but do not know its cause. And since one and the same cause is at times known to some people and unknown to others, the result is that of several who see an effect at the same time, some are moved to admiring astonishment, while others are not. For instance, the astronomer is not astonished when he sees an eclipse of the sun, for he knows its cause, but the person who is ignorant of this science must be amazed, for he ignores the cause. And so, a certain event is wondrous to one person, but not so to another. So, a thing that has a completely hidden cause is wondrous in an unqualified way, and this the name, miracle, suggests; namely, what is of itself filled with admirable wonder, not simply in relation to one person or another. Now, absolutely speaking, the cause hidden from every man is God. In fact, we proved above that no man in the present state of life can grasp His essence intellectually. Therefore, those things must properly be called miraculous which are done by divine power apart from the order generally followed in things. </p><p>Now, there are various degrees and orders of these miracles. Indeed, the highest rank among miracles is held by those events in which something is done by God which nature never could do. For example, that two bodies should be coincident; that the sun reverse its course, or stand still; that the sea open up and offer a way through which people may pass. And even among these an order may be observed. For the greater the things that God does are, and the more they are removed from the capacity of nature, the greater the miracle is. Thus, it is more miraculous for the sun to reverse its course than for the sea to be divided. </p><p>Then, the second degree among miracles is held by those events in which God does something which nature can do, but not in this order. It is a work of nature for an animal to live, to see, and to walk; but for it to live after death, to see after becoming blind, to walk after paralysis of the limbs, this nature cannot do—but God at times does such works miraculously. Even among this degree of miracles a gradation is evident, according as what is done is more removed from the capacity of nature. </p><p> Now, the third degree of miracles occurs when God does what is usually done by the working of nature, but without the operation of the principles of nature. For example, a person may be cured by divine power from a fever which could be cured naturally, and it may rain independently of the working of the principles of nature.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Evangelicalism">Evangelicalism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Evangelicalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For a majority of <a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a> Christians, <a href="/wiki/Biblicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblicism">biblicism</a> ensures that the miracles described in the Bible are still relevant and may be present in the life of the believer.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Healings, academic or professional successes, the birth of a child after several attempts, the end of an <a href="/wiki/Addiction" title="Addiction">addiction</a>, etc., would be tangible examples of God's intervention with the <a href="/wiki/Christian_faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian faith">faith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">prayer</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1980s, the <a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">neo-charismatic movement</a> re-emphasized miracles and <a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">faith healing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In certain churches, a special place is thus reserved for faith healings with laying on of hands during <a href="/wiki/Worship_service_(evangelicalism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Worship service (evangelicalism)">worship services</a> or for campaigns evangelization.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Faith healing or divine healing is considered to be an inheritance of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> acquired by his death and resurrection.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism">Hinduism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Hinduism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Hinduism, miracles are focused on episodes of liberation of the spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-Wonder_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wonder-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A key example is the revelation of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> to <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a>, wherein Krishna persuades Arjuna to rejoin the battle against his cousins by briefly and miraculously giving Arjuna the power to see the true scope of the Universe, and its sustainment within Krishna, which requires divine vision. This is a typical situation in Hindu mythology wherein "wondrous acts are performed for the purpose of bringing spiritual liberation to those who witness or read about them."<sup id="cite_ref-Wonder_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wonder-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hindu sages have criticized both expectation and reliance on miracles as cheats, situations where people have sought to earn a benefit without doing the work necessary to merit it.<sup id="cite_ref-Wonder_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wonder-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Miracles continue to be occasionally reported in the practice of Hinduism, with an example of a miracle modernly reported in Hinduism being the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_milk_miracle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu milk miracle">Hindu milk miracle</a> of September 1995, with additional occurrences in 2006 and 2010, wherein statues of certain Hindu deities were seen to drink milk offered to them. The scientific explanation for the incident, attested by Indian academics, was that the material was wicked from the offering bowls by <a href="/wiki/Capillary_action" title="Capillary action">capillary action</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Islamic_view_of_miracles" title="Islamic view of miracles">Islamic view of miracles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quran_and_miracles" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran and miracles">Quran and miracles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Muhammad" title="Miracles of Muhammad">Miracles of Muhammad</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Occasionalism" title="Occasionalism">Occasionalism</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>, a miracle can be defined as a supernatural intervention in the life of human beings.<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ-Miracle_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-Miracle-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to this definition, miracles are present "in a threefold sense: in sacred <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a>, in connection with <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> himself and in relation to <a href="/wiki/Revelation_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Revelation in Islam">revelation</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ-Miracle_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-Miracle-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Quran does not use the technical <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> word for miracle (<i>Muʿd̲j̲iza</i>) literally meaning "that by means of which [the Prophet] confounds, overwhelms, his opponents". It rather uses the term 'Ayah' (literally meaning sign).<sup id="cite_ref-EoI-Miracle_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoI-Miracle-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>Ayah</i> is used in the Quran in the above-mentioned threefold sense: it refers to the "verses" of the Quran (believed to be the divine speech in <a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">human language</a>; presented by Muhammad as his chief miracle); as well as to miracles of it and the signs (particularly those of creation).<sup id="cite_ref-EoQ-Miracle_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoQ-Miracle-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EoI-Miracle_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoI-Miracle-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To defend the possibility of miracles and God's omnipotence against the encroachment of the independent secondary causes, some medieval <a href="/wiki/Islamic_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic theology">Muslim theologians</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Al-Ghazali" title="Al-Ghazali">Al-Ghazali</a> rejected the idea of <a href="/wiki/Causality" title="Causality">cause and effect</a> in essence, but accepted it as something that facilitates humankind's investigation and comprehension of natural processes. They argued that the nature was composed of uniform atoms that were "re-created" at every instant by God. Thus, if the soil was to fall, God would have to create and re-create the accident of heaviness for as long as the soil was to fall. For Muslim theologians, the laws of nature were only the customary sequence of apparent causes: customs of God.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sufi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi">Sufi</a> biographical literature records claims of miraculous accounts of men and women. The miraculous prowess of the Sufi holy men includes <i>firasa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Clairvoyance" title="Clairvoyance">clairvoyance</a>), the ability to disappear from sight, to become completely invisible and practice <i>buruz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Exteriorization" class="mw-redirect" title="Exteriorization">exteriorization</a>). The holy men reportedly tame wild beasts and traverse long distances in a very short time span. They could also produce food and rain in seasons of drought, heal the sick and help barren women conceive.<sup id="cite_ref-sufi_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sufi-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judaism">Judaism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Descriptions of miracles (Hebrew <i>Ness, נס</i>) appear in the <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a>. Examples include prophets, such as <a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a> who performed miracles like the <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Zarephath" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Zarephath">raising of a widow's dead son</a> (1 Kings 17:17–24) and <a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a> whose miracles include multiplying the poor widow's jar of oil (2 Kings 4:1–7) and <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_woman_of_Shunem" title="Raising of the son of the woman of Shunem">restoring to life</a> the son of the woman of Shunem (2 Kings 4:18–37). The <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a> describes many miracles related to <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> during his time as a prophet and <a href="/wiki/The_Exodus" title="The Exodus">the Exodus</a> of the Israelites. <a href="/wiki/Crossing_the_Red_Sea" title="Crossing the Red Sea">Parting the Red Sea</a>, and facilitating the <a href="/wiki/Plagues_of_Egypt" title="Plagues of Egypt">Plagues of Egypt</a> are among the most famous. </p><p>During the first century BCE, a variety of religious movements and splinter groups developed amongst the Jews in <a href="/wiki/Iudaea_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Iudaea Province">Judea</a>. A number of individuals claimed to be miracle workers in the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a>, the Jewish prophets. The Talmud provides some examples of such Jewish miracle workers, one of whom is <a href="/wiki/Honi_HaM%27agel" class="mw-redirect" title="Honi HaM'agel">Honi HaM'agel</a>, who was famous for his ability to successfully pray for rain.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>There are people who obscure all miracles by explaining them in terms of the laws of nature. When these heretics who do not believe in miracles disappear and faith increases in the world, then the Mashiach will come. For the essence of the Redemption primarily depends on this – that is, on faith<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><i><a href="/wiki/Rebbe_Nachman_of_Breslov" class="mw-redirect" title="Rebbe Nachman of Breslov">Rebbe Nachman of Breslov</a></i></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Most <a href="/wiki/Chasidic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chasidic">Chasidic</a> communities are rife with tales of miracles that follow a <i>yechidut</i>, a spiritual audience with a <i><a href="/wiki/Tzadik" title="Tzadik">tzadik</a></i>: barren women become pregnant, cancer tumors shrink, wayward children become pious.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many <a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidim</a> claim that miracles can take place in merit of partaking of the <i>shirayim</i> (the leftovers from the <a href="/wiki/Rebbe" title="Rebbe">rebbe</a>'s meal), such as miraculous healing or blessings of wealth or piety. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_recent_miracles">List of recent miracles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: List of recent miracles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On August 7, 2024, a <a href="/wiki/Statue" title="Statue">statue</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Blessed Virgin Mary</a> appeared to have 'blinked' on camera at the <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">Basilica</a> of <a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">St. John the Baptist</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">Canton, Ohio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg/220px-Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg/330px-Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg/440px-Narendra_nayak-miracle_exposure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Rationalist, sceptic, and godman debunker <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Nayak" title="Narendra Nayak">Narendra Nayak</a> during a miracle-exposure program in 2007.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Thomas Paine</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, wrote "All the tales of miracles, with which the Old and New Testament are filled, are fit only for impostors to preach and fools to believe."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, principal author of the <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Declaration of Independence of the United States">Declaration of Independence of the United States</a>, edited a version of the Bible in which he removed sections of the New Testament containing supernatural aspects as well as perceived misinterpretations he believed had been added by the Four Evangelists.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jefferson wrote, "The establishment of the innocent and genuine character of this benevolent moralist, and the rescuing it from the imputation of imposture, which has resulted from artificial systems, [footnote: e.g. The immaculate conception of Jesus, his deification, the creation of the world by him, his miraculous powers, his resurrection and visible ascension, his corporeal presence in the Eucharist, the Trinity; original sin, atonement, regeneration, election, orders of Hierarchy, etc. —T.J.] invented by ultra-Christian sects, unauthorized by a single word ever uttered by him, is a most desirable object, and one to which <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Priestley" title="Joseph Priestley">Priestley</a> has successfully devoted his labors and learning."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> patriot <a href="/wiki/Ethan_Allen" title="Ethan Allen">Ethan Allen</a> wrote, "In those parts of the world where learning and science have prevailed, miracles have ceased; but in those parts of it as are barbarous and ignorant, miracles are still in vogue."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Ingersoll" title="Robert G. Ingersoll">Robert Ingersoll</a> wrote, "Not 20 people were convinced by the reported miracles of Christ, and yet people of the nineteenth century were coolly asked to be convinced on hearsay by miracles which those who are supposed to have seen them refused to credit."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Elbert_Hubbard" title="Elbert Hubbard">Elbert Hubbard</a>, American writer, publisher, artist, and philosopher, wrote "A miracle is an event described by those to whom it was told by people who did not see it."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Biologist <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Richard Dawkins</a> has criticised the belief in miracles as a subversion of <a href="/wiki/Occam%27s_razor" title="Occam's razor">Occam's razor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mathematician <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hermite" title="Charles Hermite">Charles Hermite</a>, in a discourse upon the world of mathematical truths and the physical world, stated that "The synthesis of the two is revealed partially in the marvellous correspondence between abstract mathematics on the one hand and all the branches of physics on the other".<sup id="cite_ref-Kline1982_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kline1982-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Baden_Powell_(mathematician)" title="Baden Powell (mathematician)">Baden Powell</a>, an English mathematician and Church of England priest, stated that if God is a lawgiver, then a "miracle" would break the lawful edicts that had been issued at Creation. Therefore, a belief in miracles would be entirely atheistic.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Course_in_Miracles" title="A Course in Miracles"><i>A Course in Miracles</i></a> – 1976 book by Helen Schucman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_God" title="Act of God">Act of God</a> – Natural disaster outside human control</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessationism">Cessationism</a> – Christian theological dispute<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina"><i>Deus ex machina</i></a> – Contrived device to resolve the plot of a dramatic work</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lourdes_effect" title="Lourdes effect">Lourdes effect</a> – Skeptical theory regarding the ambiguity of miracles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_and_religion" title="Magic and religion">Magic and religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_(book)" title="Miracles (book)"><i>Miracles</i> (book)</a> – Book written by C. S. Lewis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Joseph_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Miracles of Joseph Smith">Miracles of Joseph Smith</a> – aspect of history<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Supernaturalism" title="Natural Supernaturalism">Natural Supernaturalism</a> – Philosophical concept developed by Thomas Carlyle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Our Lady of Lourdes">Our Lady of Lourdes</a> – A title of Mary, mother of Jesus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Medjugorje" title="Our Lady of Medjugorje">Our Lady of Medjugorje</a> – Alleged visions of Mary, mother of Jesus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a> – Purported phenomena beyond the scope of normal scientific understanding</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_De_Rudder" title="Pieter De Rudder">Pieter De Rudder</a> – Lourdes miracle (1822-1898)<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">Relic</a> – Object of religious significance from the past</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_touch" title="Royal touch">Royal touch</a> – Healing power supposedly possessed by monarchs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_skepticism" title="Scientific skepticism">Scientific skepticism</a> – Questioning of claims lacking empirical evidence</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signs_and_wonders" title="Signs and wonders">Signs and wonders</a> – Experiences that are perceived to be miraculous</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_oil" title="Snake oil">Snake oil</a> – Euphemism for false advertising</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spontaneous_remission" title="Spontaneous remission">Spontaneous remission</a> – Diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment ("medical miracles")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstitions_in_Muslim_societies" class="mw-redirect" title="Superstitions in Muslim societies">Superstitions in Muslim societies</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJenny_SchroedelJohn_Schroedel2006" class="citation book cs1">Jenny Schroedel; John Schroedel (2006). <i>The Everything Mary Book: The Life and Legacy of the Blessed Mother</i>. pp. 137–38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59337-713-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-59337-713-4"><bdi>1-59337-713-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Everything+Mary+Book%3A+The+Life+and+Legacy+of+the+Blessed+Mother&rft.pages=137-38&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-59337-713-4&rft.au=Jenny+Schroedel&rft.au=John+Schroedel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miracle-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miracle_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miracle_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">One dictionary defines <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140727005539/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/miracle?q=miracle">"Miracle"</a> as: "A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore considered to be the work of a divine agency."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalbersam1890" class="citation book cs1">Halbersam, Yitta (1890). <i>Small Miracles</i>. Adams Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55850-646-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-55850-646-2"><bdi>1-55850-646-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Small+Miracles&rft.pub=Adams+Media&rft.date=1890&rft.isbn=1-55850-646-2&rft.aulast=Halbersam&rft.aufirst=Yitta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miracles-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miracles_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miracles_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/miracles/">Miracles</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191122025733/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/miracles/">Archived</a> 2019-11-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrudem1994" class="citation book cs1">Grudem, Wayne (1994). <i>Systematic Theology</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Systematic+Theology&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Grudem&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/deism-95703">"Deists Believe in One God Who is Impersonal"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171013224933/https://www.thoughtco.com/deism-95703">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deists+Believe+in+One+God+Who+is+Impersonal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fdeism-95703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.org/illustration/definition-miracles">"Definition of Miracles"</a>. <i>Bible.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034813/https://bible.org/illustration/definition-miracles">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bible.org&rft.atitle=Definition+of+Miracles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbible.org%2Fillustration%2Fdefinition-miracles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sagewisdom.org/faq.html">"The Salvia divinorum FAQ"</a>. <i>SageWisdom.org</i>. July 30, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010816113130/http://www.sagewisdom.org/faq.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 26,</span> 2007</span>. <q>Those who think of the salvia experience in religious, spiritual, or mystical terms may speak of such things as enlightenment, satori, and "cleansing the doors of perception."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SageWisdom.org&rft.atitle=The+Salvia+divinorum+FAQ&rft.date=2012-07-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sagewisdom.org%2Ffaq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsonMetzner" class="citation web cs1">Adamson, Sophia; Metzner, Ralph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maps.org/research-archive/mdma/revision.html">"The Nature of the MDMA Experience and Its Role in Healing, Psychotherapy, and Spiritual Practice"</a>. <i>maps.org</i>. MAPS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181010061017/http://www.maps.org/research-archive/mdma/revision.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=maps.org&rft.atitle=The+Nature+of+the+MDMA+Experience+and+Its+Role+in+Healing%2C+Psychotherapy%2C+and+Spiritual+Practice&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=Sophia&rft.au=Metzner%2C+Ralph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maps.org%2Fresearch-archive%2Fmdma%2Frevision.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatts1968" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Watts" title="Alan Watts">Watts, Alan</a> (January 1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1110164">"Psychedelics and Religious Experience"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/California_Law_Review" title="California Law Review">California Law Review</a></i>. <b>56</b> (1): 74–85. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3479497">10.2307/3479497</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3479497">3479497</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221221085344/https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1110164">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-12-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Psychedelics+and+Religious+Experience&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=74-85&rft.date=1968-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3479497&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3479497%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flawcat.berkeley.edu%2Frecord%2F1110164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamson" class="citation web cs1">Adamson, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/theology-aristotle/">"The Theology of Aristotle"</a>. <i>stanford.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180611162132/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/theology-aristotle/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stanford.edu&rft.atitle=The+Theology+of+Aristotle&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Ftheology-aristotle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.logicmuseum.com/ontological/aristotleontological.htm">"Aristotle on the Existence of God"</a>. <i>logicmuseum.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140131212318/http://www.logicmuseum.com/ontological/aristotleontological.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 31 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=logicmuseum.com&rft.atitle=Aristotle+on+the+Existence+of+God&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.logicmuseum.com%2Fontological%2Faristotleontological.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Afterman_2016_p._102-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Afterman_2016_p._102_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAfterman2016" class="citation book cs1">Afterman, A. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FOEzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102"><i><span></span>'And They Shall Be One Flesh': On The Language of Mystical Union in Judaism</i></a>. Supplements to The Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy. Brill. p. 102. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32873-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32873-0"><bdi>978-90-04-32873-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230630130753/https://books.google.com/books?id=FOEzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27And+They+Shall+Be+One+Flesh%27%3A+On+The+Language+of+Mystical+Union+in+Judaism&rft.series=Supplements+to+The+Journal+of+Jewish+Thought+and+Philosophy&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-90-04-32873-0&rft.aulast=Afterman&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFOEzDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenedictus_de_Spinoza" class="citation book cs1">Benedictus de Spinoza. "Chapter 6: Of Miracles". <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Theologico-Political_Treatise_1862/Chapter_6"><i>Thelogico-Political Treatise</i></a>. translated by Robert Willis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140912093628/https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Theologico-Political_Treatise_1862/Chapter_6">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-09-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+6%3A+Of+Miracles&rft.btitle=Thelogico-Political+Treatise&rft.au=Benedictus+de+Spinoza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FTheologico-Political_Treatise_1862%2FChapter_6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320215642/http://documents.routledge-interactive.s3.amazonaws.com/9781138793934/A2/Hume/HumeMiracles.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>documents.routledge-interactive.s3.amazonaws.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://documents.routledge-interactive.s3.amazonaws.com/9781138793934/A2/Hume/HumeMiracles.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=documents.routledge-interactive.s3.amazonaws.com&rft.atitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocuments.routledge-interactive.s3.amazonaws.com%2F9781138793934%2FA2%2FHume%2FHumeMiracles.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Second Speech: The Nature of Religion". <i>On Religion: Speeches to its Cultured Despirers</i>. London: Paul, Trench, Trubner. 1893. p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Second+Speech%3A+The+Nature+of+Religion&rft.btitle=On+Religion%3A+Speeches+to+its+Cultured+Despirers&rft.place=London&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Paul%2C+Trench%2C+Trubner&rft.date=1893&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopkin1951" class="citation journal cs1">Popkin, Richard H. (1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1198939">"Hume and Kierkegaard"</a>. <i>The Journal of Religion</i>. <b>31</b> (4): 274–281. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F484179">10.1086/484179</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1198939">1198939</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170254469">170254469</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Religion&rft.atitle=Hume+and+Kierkegaard&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=274-281&rft.date=1951&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A170254469%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1198939%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F484179&rft.aulast=Popkin&rft.aufirst=Richard+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1198939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stolaf.edu/collections/kierkegaard/newsletters/Newsletter43.pdf">Kierkegaard on Miracles</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100606165846/http://www.stolaf.edu/collections/kierkegaard/newsletters/Newsletter43.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-06-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keller, James. "A Moral Argument against Miracles", <i>Faith and Philosophy</i>. vol. 12, no 1. Jan 1995. 54–78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034540/http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/the-story-of-god-with-morgan-freeman/articles/what-do-the-worlds-religions-say-about-miracles/">"What Do the World's Religions Say About Miracles?"</a>. <i>National Geographic Channel</i>. 2016-04-28. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/the-story-of-god-with-morgan-freeman/articles/what-do-the-worlds-religions-say-about-miracles/">the original</a> on 2017-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+Channel&rft.atitle=What+Do+the+World%27s+Religions+Say+About+Miracles%3F&rft.date=2016-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchannel.nationalgeographic.com%2Fthe-story-of-god-with-morgan-freeman%2Farticles%2Fwhat-do-the-worlds-religions-say-about-miracles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Cambridge Companion to Miracle</i>. Cambridge. 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Miracle&rft.pub=Cambridge&rft.date=2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Korea: a religious history, James Huntley Grayson, p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keene, Donald. <i>Twenty Plays of the Nō Theater.</i> Columbia University Press, New York, 1970. Page 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ActJIntro-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ActJIntro_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Funk" title="Robert W. Funk">Funk, Robert W.</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Seminar" title="Jesus Seminar">Jesus Seminar</a>. <i>The acts of Jesus: the search for the authentic deeds of Jesus.</i> HarperSanFrancisco. 1998. Introduction, p. 1–40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see e.g. <a href="/wiki/John_Polkinghorne" title="John Polkinghorne">Polkinghorne</a> op cit. and a commentary on the Gospel of John, such as <a href="/wiki/William_Temple_(archbishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Temple (archbishop)">William Temple</a>'s <i>Readings in St John's Gospel</i> (see e.g. p. 33) or <a href="/wiki/Tom_Wright_(theologian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Wright (theologian)">Tom Wright</a>'s <i>John for Everyone</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacMullen" title="Ramsay MacMullen">Ramsay MacMullen</a>, <i>Christianizing the Roman Empire, AD 100–400</i> 1984:23, 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">MacMullen 1984:40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quoted in MacMullen 1984:22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comereason.org/phil_qstn/phi060.asp">"Are Miracles Logically Impossible?"</a>. Come Reason Ministries, Convincing Christianity. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071130080212/http://www.comereason.org/phil_qstn/phi060.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-11-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Are+Miracles+Logically+Impossible%3F&rft.pub=Come+Reason+Ministries%2C+Convincing+Christianity&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comereason.org%2Fphil_qstn%2Fphi060.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-t011.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Miracles are not possible," some claim. Is this true?"</a>. ChristianAnswers.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071027221211/http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-t011.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-10-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Miracles+are+not+possible%2C%22+some+claim.+Is+this+true%3F&rft.pub=ChristianAnswers.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christiananswers.net%2Fq-eden%2Fedn-t011.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_K._Hoffman1999" class="citation web cs1">Paul K. Hoffman (Spring 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071026160950/http://www.ses.edu/journal/articles/2.1Hoffman.pdf">"A Jurisprudential Analysis Of Hume's "In Principal" Argument Against Miracles"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Christian Apologetics Journal</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ses.edu/journal/articles/2.1Hoffman.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on October 26, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christian+Apologetics+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Jurisprudential+Analysis+Of+Hume%27s+%22In+Principal%22+Argument+Against+Miracles&rft.ssn=spring&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Paul+K.+Hoffman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ses.edu%2Fjournal%2Farticles%2F2.1Hoffman.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapps2010" class="citation journal cs1">Capps, Donald (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-94222010000100028">"Jesus the village psychiatrist: a summary"</a>. <i>HTS Theological Studies</i>. <b>66</b> (1) – via Scielo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HTS+Theological+Studies&rft.atitle=Jesus+the+village+psychiatrist%3A+a+summary&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Capps&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.org.za%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS0259-94222010000100028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViljoen2014" class="citation journal cs1">Viljoen, Francois P. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2305-08532014000200004">"Jesus healing the leper and the Purity Law in the Gospel of Matthew"</a>. <i>In die Skriflig</i>. <b>48</b> (2) – via Scielo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+die+Skriflig&rft.atitle=Jesus+healing+the+leper+and+the+Purity+Law+in+the+Gospel+of+Matthew&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Viljoen&rft.aufirst=Francois+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.org.za%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS2305-08532014000200004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Biema1995" class="citation web cs1">Van Biema, David (10 April 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070713212401/http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,982807,00.html">"Modern Miracles Have Strict Rules"</a>. Pathfinder.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,982807,00.html">the original</a> on 13 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Modern+Miracles+Have+Strict+Rules&rft.pub=Pathfinder.com&rft.date=1995-04-10&rft.aulast=Van+Biema&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjcgi.pathfinder.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C982807%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFalasca2004" class="citation web cs1">Falasca, Stefania (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929084326/http://www.30giorni.it/us/articolo.asp?id=3664">"The necessity of miracles"</a>. <i>30giorni.it</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.30giorni.it/us/articolo.asp?id=3664">the original</a> on 2007-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-12-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=30giorni.it&rft.atitle=The+necessity+of+miracles&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Falasca&rft.aufirst=Stefania&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.30giorni.it%2Fus%2Farticolo.asp%3Fid%3D3664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-beatify-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC-beatify_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12191423">"Pope Benedict Paves Way to Beatification of John Paul II"</a>. <i>bbc.news.co.uk</i>. 14 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110115052859/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12191423">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=bbc.news.co.uk&rft.atitle=Pope+Benedict+Paves+Way+to+Beatification+of+John+Paul+II&rft.date=2011-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-12191423&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Messori,_Vittorio" class="mw-redirect" title="Messori, Vittorio">Messori, Vittorio</a> (2000): Il miracolo. Indagine sul più sconvolgente prodigio mariano. – Rizzoli: Bur.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vailankannishrine.org/miracle.php">Velankanni shrine miracle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110128052924/http://vailankannishrine.org/miracle.php">Archived</a> 2011-01-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAquinas" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas, St. Thomas</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091102035333/http://josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/ContraGentiles3b.htm#100"><i>Contra Gentiles, lib. III cap. 101</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/ContraGentiles3b.htm#101">the original</a> on 2009-11-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contra+Gentiles%2C+lib.+III+cap.+101&rft.aulast=Aquinas&rft.aufirst=St.+Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjosephkenny.joyeurs.com%2FCDtexts%2FContraGentiles3b.htm%23101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sébastien Fath, <i>Du ghetto au réseau: Le protestantisme évangélique en France, 1800–2005</i>, Édition Labor et Fides, Genève, 2005, p. 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Innell Packer, Thomas C. Oden, <i>One Faith: The Evangelical Consensus</i>, InterVarsity Press, USA, 2004, p. 104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Franck Poiraud, <i>Les évangéliques dans la France du XXIe siècle</i>, Editions Edilivre, France, 2007, p. 69, 73, 75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">George Thomas Kurian, Mark A. Lamport, <i>Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Volume 5</i>, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2016, p. 1069</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cecil M. Robeck, Jr, Amos Yong, <i>The Cambridge Companion to Pentecostalism</i>, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2014, p. 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Béatrice Mohr et Isabelle Nussbaum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pages.rts.ch/emissions/temps-present/religion/3032510-rock-miracles-saint-esprit.html?anchor=3095947#3095947">Rock, miracles & Saint-Esprit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201103074246/https://pages.rts.ch/emissions/temps-present/religion/3032510-rock-miracles-saint-esprit.html?anchor=3095947#3095947">Archived</a> 2020-11-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, rts.ch, Switzerland, April 21, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Randall Herbert Balmer, <i>Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism: Revised and expanded edition</i>, Baylor University Press, USA, 2004, p. 212</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wonder-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wonder_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wonder_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wonder_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_L._Weddle2010" class="citation book cs1">David L. Weddle (2010). <i>Miracles: Wonder and Meaning in World Religions</i>. pp. 35–70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-81479-483-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-81479-483-8"><bdi>978-0-81479-483-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Miracles%3A+Wonder+and+Meaning+in+World+Religions&rft.pages=35-70&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-81479-483-8&rft.au=David+L.+Weddle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoQ-Miracle-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ-Miracle_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ-Miracle_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoQ-Miracle_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Denis Gril, <i>Miracles</i>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_the_Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia of the Quran">Encyclopedia of the Quran</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoI-Miracle-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoI-Miracle_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoI-Miracle_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">A.J. Wensinck, <i>Muʿd̲j̲iza</i>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam">Encyclopedia of Islam</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert G. Mourison, The Portrayal of Nature in a Medieval Quran Commentary, Studia Islamica, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sufi-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sufi_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4nWa8y-HiB0C&pg=PA48">The heirs of the prophet: charisma and religious authority in Shi'ite Islam By Liyakatali Takim</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sufismjournal.org/history/history.html">"SAINTS AND MIRACLES"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100227092942/http://sufismjournal.org/history/history.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2010-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SAINTS+AND+MIRACLES&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sufismjournal.org%2Fhistory%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mishnah <a href="/wiki/Ta%27anit_(Talmud)" title="Ta'anit (Talmud)">Ta'anit</a> 3:8 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/b/h/h29.htm">Hebrew text at Mechon-Mamre</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613041616/http://mechon-mamre.org/b/h/h29.htm">Archived</a> 2010-06-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nosson of Breslov, Rebbe. Kitzur Likutey Moharan (Abridged Likutey Moharan) Vol. 1 (<a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a> 414–417). <a href="/wiki/Breslov_Research_Institute" title="Breslov Research Institute">Breslov Research Institute</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The encyclopedia of Jewish myth, magic and mysticism, Geoffrey W. Dennis, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill2024" class="citation web cs1">O'Neill, Natalie (2024-08-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2024/08/08/us-news/ohio-church-goer-says-she-witnessed-miracle-virgin-mary-statue-shut-its-eyes/">"Ohio churchgoer says she witnessed 'miracle' involving Virgin Mary statue"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ohio+churchgoer+says+she+witnessed+%27miracle%27+involving+Virgin+Mary+statue&rft.date=2024-08-08&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2024%2F08%2F08%2Fus-news%2Fohio-church-goer-says-she-witnessed-miracle-virgin-mary-statue-shut-its-eyes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Writings of Thomas Paine, Volume 4, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/writingsthomasp00paingoog/page/n321">page 289</a>, Putnam & Sons, 1896 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/459072720">459072720</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeremy Kosselak (November 1998). The Exaltation of a Reasonable Deity: Thomas Jefferson's Bible of Christianity. (Communicated by: Dr. Patrick Furlong). Indiana University South Bend – Department of History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iusb.edu/~journal/1999/Paper9.html">IUSB.edu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208113540/http://www.iusb.edu/~journal/1999/Paper9.html">Archived</a> 2007-02-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 2007-02-19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R.P. Nettelhorst. Notes on the Founding Fathers and the Separation of Church and State. Quartz Hill School of Theology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theology.edu/journal/volume2/ushistor.htm">Theology.edu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171016023525/http://www.theology.edu/journal/volume2/ushistor.htm">Archived</a> 2017-10-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 2007-02-20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Letter to William Short (31 October 1819), published in "The Works of Thomas Jefferson in Twelve Volumes", Federal Edition, Paul Leicester Ford, ed., New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1904, Vol. 12, pp. 141–142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ethan Allen, Reason, the Only Oracle of Man, 1784</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60B11FB3A5A11738DDDAD0A94DC405B8284F0D3">"Ingersoll on Talmage.; The Brooklyn Clergyman's Creed Discussed Before a Large Audience"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. April 24, 1882. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140104071944/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60B11FB3A5A11738DDDAD0A94DC405B8284F0D3">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-01-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ingersoll+on+Talmage.%3B+The+Brooklyn+Clergyman%27s+Creed+Discussed+Before+a+Large+Audience.&rft.date=1882-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DF60B11FB3A5A11738DDDAD0A94DC405B8284F0D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elbert Hubbard, The Philistine (1909)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Richard Dawkins</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_God_Delusion" title="The God Delusion">The God Delusion</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kline1982-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kline1982_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris_Kline1982" class="citation book cs1">Morris Kline (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RNwnUL33epsC&q=Kline,+Mathematics:+the+Loss+of+Certainty,+p+345&pg=PA345"><i>Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 345. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-503085-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-503085-3"><bdi>978-0-19-503085-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220721122337/https://books.google.com/books?id=RNwnUL33epsC&q=Kline,+Mathematics:+the+Loss+of+Certainty,+p+345&pg=PA345">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-07-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mathematics%3A+The+Loss+of+Certainty&rft.pages=345&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-19-503085-3&rft.au=Morris+Kline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRNwnUL33epsC%26q%3DKline%2C%2BMathematics%3A%2Bthe%2BLoss%2Bof%2BCertainty%2C%2Bp%2B345%26pg%3DPA345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDesmondMoore1991">Desmond & Moore 1991</a>, p. 500</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_references_and_books">General references and books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: General references and books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Brown, Colin. <i>Miracles and the Critical Mind</i>. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesmondMoore1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Desmond" title="Adrian Desmond">Desmond, Adrian</a>; <a href="/wiki/James_Moore_(biographer)" title="James Moore (biographer)">Moore, James</a> (1991). <i>Darwin</i>. London: Michael Joseph, Penguin Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7181-3430-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7181-3430-3"><bdi>0-7181-3430-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Darwin&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Michael+Joseph%2C+Penguin+Group&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-7181-3430-3&rft.aulast=Desmond&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.au=Moore%2C+James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Chavda, Mahesh. <i>Only Love Can Make a Miracle</i>. Charlotte: Mahesh Chavda Ministries, 1990.</li> <li>Bontrager, Krista, "It's a Miracle! Or, is it?", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reasons.org/resources/apologetics/its_a_miracle.shtml?main#_edn8">Reasons.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060207104000/http://www.reasons.org/resources/apologetics/its_a_miracle.shtml?main#_edn8">Archived</a> 2006-02-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Eisen, Robert (1995). <i>Gersonides on Providence, Covenant, and the Chosen People</i>. <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>.</li> <li>Goodman, Lenn E. (1985). <i>Rambam: Readings in the Philosophy of Moses Maimonides</i>. Gee Bee Tee.</li> <li>Humphreys, Colin J. <i>Miracles of Exodus</i>. Harper, San Francisco, 2003.</li> <li>Kellner, Menachem (1986). <i>Dogma in Medieval Jewish Thought</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">Lewis, C.S.</a> <i>Miracles: A Preliminary Study</i>. New York, Macmillan Co., 1947.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._F._D._Moule" title="C. F. D. Moule">Moule, C. F. D.</a> (ed.). <i>Miracles: Cambridge Studies in their Philosophy and History</i>. London, A.R. Mowbray 1966, ©1965 (Survey of Biblical miracles as well).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Twelftree" title="Graham Twelftree">Twelftree, Graham</a>. <i>Jesus the Miracle Worker: A Historical and Theological Study</i>. IVP, 1999.</li> <li>Woodward, Kenneth L. (2000). <i>The Book of Miracles</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0684823934" title="Special:BookSources/0684823934">0684823934</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeener2011" class="citation book cs1">Keener, Craig S. (2011). <i>Miracles: The Credibility of the New Testament Accounts</i>. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0801039522" title="Special:BookSources/978-0801039522"><bdi>978-0801039522</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/699760418">699760418</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Miracles%3A+The+Credibility+of+the+New+Testament+Accounts&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+MI&rft.pub=Baker+Academic&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F699760418&rft.isbn=978-0801039522&rft.aulast=Keener&rft.aufirst=Craig+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ton Bersee <i>On the Meaning of 'Miracle' in Christianity. An Evaluation of the Current Miracle Debate and a Proposal of a Balanced Hermeneutical Approach</i>, Peeters Publishers, 2021</li> <li>Stephen Brogan <i>The Royal Touch in Early Modern England: Politics, Medicine and Sin</i>, Royal Historical Society, 2015</li> <li>H. A. Drake <i>A Century of Miracles: Christians, Pagans, Jews and the Supernatural, 312–410</i>, Oxford University Press, 2017 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199367412" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199367412">978-0199367412</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Houdini" title="Harry Houdini">Houdini, Harry</a> <i>Miracle Mongers and Their Methods: A Complete Expose</i> <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Books" title="Prometheus Books">Prometheus Books</a>; Reprint edition (1993) originally published in 1920 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87975-817-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-87975-817-1">0-87975-817-1</a>.</li> <li>Robert Knapp <i>The Dawn of Christianity: People and Gods in a Time of Magic and Miracles</i>, Profile books, Great Britain, 2017 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1781252079" title="Special:BookSources/978-1781252079">978-1781252079</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Meyer" title="Marvin Meyer">Marvin Meyer</a> and Richard Smith <i>Ancient Christian Magic: Coptic Texts of Ritual Power</i> Princeton University Press, 1999</li> <li>D. Michaelides (editor) <i>Medicine and Healing in the Ancient Mediterranean World</i>, Oxbow Books, 2014</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Nickell" title="Joe Nickell">Joe Nickell</a> <i>Looking for a Miracle: Weeping Icons, Relics, Stigmata, Visions & Healing Cures</i>, Prometheus Books, 1997</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Nolen" title="William A. Nolen">William A. Nolen</a> <i>Healing: A Doctor in Search of a Miracle</i>, Random House, 1975</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Porter" title="Roy Porter">Roy Porter</a> <i>The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity</i>, W.W. Norton & Co., 1997</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randi" title="James Randi">James Randi</a> <i>The Faith Healers</i>, Prometheus Books, 1987</li> <li>Matthew Rowley and Natasha Hodgson (eds), <i>Miracles, Political Authority and Violence in Medieval and Early Modern History.</i> London, Routledge, 2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson_White" title="Andrew Dickson White">Andrew Dickson White</a> (1896 first edition. A classic work constantly reprinted) <i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_the_Warfare_of_Science_with_Theology_in_Christendom" title="A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom">A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom</a></i>, See chapter 13, part 2, <i>Growth of Legends of Healing: the life of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Francis_Xavier" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Francis Xavier">Saint Francis Xavier</a> as a typical example</i>.</li> <li>Rory Roybal <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miraclesormagic.com">Miracles or Magic?</a>. Xulon Press, 2005.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraves2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_Graves,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfred Graves, Jr. (page does not exist)">Graves, Wilfred</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fWP3XxGZAw0C"><i>Popular and elite understandings of miracles in enlightened England. A dissertation submitted to the Center for Advanced Theological Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy</i></a>. Pasadena, CA: Fuller Theological Seminary, School of Theology. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780549274575" title="Special:BookSources/9780549274575"><bdi>9780549274575</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+and+elite+understandings+of+miracles+in+enlightened+England.+A+dissertation+submitted+to+the+Center+for+Advanced+Theological+Studies+in+partial+fulfillment+of+the+requirements+for+the+degree+of+Doctor+of+Philosophy&rft.place=Pasadena%2C+CA&rft.pub=Fuller+Theological+Seminary%2C+School+of+Theology&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780549274575&rft.aulast=Graves&rft.aufirst=Wilfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfWP3XxGZAw0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Miracles" class="extiw" title="q:Miracles">Miracles</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Miracles" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Miracles">Miracles</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/miracle" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/miracle">miracle</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu/miracles/">Miracles</a> article in the <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skepdic.com/miracles.html">Skepdic.com</a>, Skeptic's Dictionary on miracles</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Miracle"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Miracle">"Miracle" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Miracle&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Miracle"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Miracle">"Miracle" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Miracle&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiracle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.disf.org/en/Voci/86.asp">Miracle</a>" in the Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sma.org/southern-medical-journal/article/the-history-of-thinking-about-miracles-in-the-west/">The history of thinking about miracles in the West</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mukto-mona.com/Articles/yuktibaadi.htm">Mukto-mona.com</a>, an Indian Skeptic's explanation of miracles: By Yuktibaadi, compiled by <a href="/wiki/Basava_Premanand" title="Basava Premanand">Basava Premanand</a></li> <li>Andrew Lang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psychanalyse-paris.com/823-Science-and-Miracles.html">Psychanalyse-paris.com</a>, "Science and 'Miracles'", <i>The Making of Religion</i> Chapter II, Longmans, Green, and Co., London, New York and Bombay, 1900, pp. 14–38.</li> <li>Almut Hoefert (ed.): Miracles, Marvels and Monsters in the Middle Ages. (Living History Books, published in 2016 by the professional portal of the historical sciences in Switzerland, info-clio.ch) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.livingbooksabouthistory.ch/en/">[1]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320215642/http://documents.routledge-interactive.s3.amazonaws.com/9781138793934/A2/Hume/HumeMiracles.pdf">Hume on Miracles</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philosophy_of_religion" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philosophy_of_religion" title="Template:Philosophy of religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philosophy_of_religion" title="Template talk:Philosophy of religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philosophy_of_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philosophy of religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philosophy_of_religion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">Philosophy of religion</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Concepts in religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">Afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthyphro_dilemma" title="Euthyphro dilemma">Euthyphro dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">Faith</a> <ul><li>or <a href="/wiki/Belief#Religion" title="Belief">religious belief</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">Intelligent design</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_evil" title="Problem of evil">Problem of evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">Soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitalism" title="Vitalism">Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodicy" title="Theodicy">Theodicy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_veto" title="Theological veto">Theological veto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Conceptions_of_God" title="Conceptions of God">Conceptions of God</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demiurge" title="Demiurge">Demiurge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_simplicity" title="Divine simplicity">Divine simplicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_egoism" title="Ethical egoism">Egoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misotheism" title="Misotheism">Misotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandeism" title="Pandeism">Pandeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_god" title="Personal god">Personal god</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_theology" title="Process theology">Process theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God" title="God">Supreme Being</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unmoved_mover" title="Unmoved mover">Unmoved mover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">God in</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="God in Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creator_in_Buddhism" title="Creator in Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Jainism" title="God in Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Judaism" title="God in Judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Mormonism" title="God in Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Sikhism" title="God in Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_the_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="God in the Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiccan_views_of_divinity" title="Wiccan views of divinity">Wicca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Existence_of_God" title="Existence of God">Existence of God</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">For</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_beauty" title="Argument from beauty">Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christological_argument" title="Christological argument">Christological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_consciousness" title="Argument from consciousness">Consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmological_argument" title="Cosmological argument">Cosmological</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalam_cosmological_argument" title="Kalam cosmological argument">Kalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmological_argument#Argument_from_contingency" title="Cosmological argument">Contingency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_degree" title="Argument from degree">Degree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_desire" title="Argument from desire">Desire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_religious_experience" title="Argument from religious experience">Experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine-tuned_universe" title="Fine-tuned universe">Fine-tuning of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_love" title="Argument from love">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_miracles" title="Argument from miracles">Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_morality" title="Argument from morality">Morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proof_of_the_Truthful" title="Proof of the Truthful">Necessary existent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontological_argument" title="Ontological argument">Ontological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal%27s_wager" title="Pascal's wager">Pascal's wager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_epistemology" title="Reformed epistemology">Proper basis and Reformed epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_reason" title="Argument from reason">Reason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleological_argument" title="Teleological argument">Teleological</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural-law_argument" title="Natural-law argument">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watchmaker_analogy" title="Watchmaker analogy">Watchmaker analogy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_argument_for_the_existence_of_God" title="Transcendental argument for the existence of God">Transcendental</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">Against</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_Boeing_747_gambit" title="Ultimate Boeing 747 gambit">747 gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atheist%27s_Wager" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist's Wager">Atheist's Wager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_evil" title="Problem of evil">Evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_free_will" title="Argument from free will">Free will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_Hell" title="Problem of Hell">Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_inconsistent_revelations" class="mw-redirect" title="Argument from inconsistent revelations">Inconsistent revelations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_nonbelief" title="Argument from nonbelief">Nonbelief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_noncognitivism" title="Theological noncognitivism">Noncognitivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occam%27s_razor" title="Occam's razor">Occam's razor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omnipotence_paradox" title="Omnipotence paradox">Omnipotence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_poor_design" title="Argument from poor design">Poor design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell%27s_teapot" title="Russell's teapot">Russell's teapot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">Theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acosmism" title="Acosmism">Acosmism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antireligion" title="Antireligion">Antireligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism">Creationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharmism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">Deism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonology" title="Demonology">Demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_command_theory" title="Divine command theory">Divine command theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dualism_in_cosmology" title="Dualism in cosmology">Dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Esotericism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusivism" title="Exclusivism">Exclusivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Existentialism" title="Existentialism">Existentialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_existentialism" title="Christian existentialism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atheistic_existentialism" title="Atheistic existentialism">Atheistic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_theology" title="Feminist theology">Feminist theology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thealogy" title="Thealogy">Thealogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Womanist_theology" title="Womanist theology">Womanist theology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fideism" title="Fideism">Fideism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentalism" title="Fundamentalism">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_humanism" title="Religious humanism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_humanism" title="Christian humanism">Christian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusivism" title="Inclusivism">Inclusivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theories_about_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Theories about religions">Theories about religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monism" title="Monism">Monism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalism_(philosophy)" title="Naturalism (philosophy)">Naturalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metaphysical_naturalism" title="Metaphysical naturalism">Metaphysical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_naturalism" title="Religious naturalism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanistic_naturalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanistic naturalism">Humanistic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondualism" title="Nondualism">Nondualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontheism" title="Nontheism">Nontheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandeism" title="Pandeism">Pandeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panentheism" title="Panentheism">Panentheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perennial_philosophy" title="Perennial philosophy">Perennialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Possibilianism" title="Possibilianism">Possibilianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_theology" title="Process theology">Process theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_skepticism" title="Religious skepticism">Religious skepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(beliefs)" title="Spiritualism (beliefs)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">Shamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_religions" title="East Asian religions">Taoic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendentalism" title="Transcendentalism">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_philosophies" title="List of philosophies">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_religious_language" title="Problem of religious language">Religious language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eschatological_verification" title="Eschatological verification">Eschatological verification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_game_(philosophy)" title="Language game (philosophy)">Language game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logical_positivism" title="Logical positivism">Logical positivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apophatic_theology" title="Apophatic theology">Apophatic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verificationism" title="Verificationism">Verificationism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_evil" title="Problem of evil">Problem of evil</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustinian_theodicy" title="Augustinian theodicy">Augustinian theodicy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_of_all_possible_worlds" title="Best of all possible worlds">Best of all possible worlds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthyphro_dilemma" title="Euthyphro dilemma">Euthyphro dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inconsistent_triad" title="Inconsistent triad">Inconsistent triad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaean_theodicy" title="Irenaean theodicy">Irenaean theodicy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_evil" title="Natural evil">Natural evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodicy" title="Theodicy">Theodicy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Philosophers_of_religion" title="Category:Philosophers of religion">Philosophers<br />of religion</a></div><br />(by date active)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Ancient Greek philosophy">Ancient</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Medieval_philosophy" title="Medieval philosophy">medieval</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averroes" title="Averroes">Averroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boethius" title="Boethius">Boethius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudapada" title="Gaudapada">Gaudapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaunilo_of_Marmoutiers" title="Gaunilo of Marmoutiers">Gaunilo of Marmoutiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pico_della_Mirandola" title="Giovanni Pico della Mirandola">Pico della Mirandola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclitus" title="Heraclitus">Heraclitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James VI and I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcion_of_Sinope" title="Marcion of Sinope">Marcion of Sinope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">William of Ockham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_philosophy" title="Early modern philosophy">Early modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Augustin_Calmet" title="Antoine Augustin Calmet">Augustin Calmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Blaise Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Desiderius Erasmus">Desiderius Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Baruch Spinoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Malebranche" title="Nicolas Malebranche">Nicolas Malebranche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz" title="Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz">Gottfried W Leibniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wollaston" title="William Wollaston">William Wollaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chubb" title="Thomas Chubb">Thomas Chubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baron_d%27Holbach" title="Baron d'Holbach">Baron d'Holbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried Herder">Johann G Herder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal;text-align:center;">1800<br />1850</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Friedrich Schleiermacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Christian_Friedrich_Krause" title="Karl Christian Friedrich Krause">Karl C F Krause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Georg W F Hegel</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Thomas Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whewell" title="William Whewell">William Whewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Feuerbach" title="Ludwig Feuerbach">Ludwig Feuerbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard" title="Søren Kierkegaard">Søren Kierkegaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Ritschl" title="Albrecht Ritschl">Albrecht Ritschl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikan_Spir" title="Afrikan Spir">Afrikan Spir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal;text-align:center;">1880<br />1900</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Ernst Haeckel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kingdon_Clifford" title="William Kingdon Clifford">W K Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Friedrich Nietzsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_H%C3%B8ffding" title="Harald Høffding">Harald Høffding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James" title="William James">William James</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Solovyov_(philosopher)" title="Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher)">Vladimir Solovyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Troeltsch" title="Ernst Troeltsch">Ernst Troeltsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Otto" title="Rudolf Otto">Rudolf Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_Shestov" title="Lev Shestov">Lev Shestov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bulgakov" title="Sergei Bulgakov">Sergei Bulgakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Florensky" title="Pavel Florensky">Pavel Florensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Cassirer" title="Ernst Cassirer">Ernst Cassirer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Joseph Maréchal">Joseph Maréchal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal;text-align:center;">1920<br />postwar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">George Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Buber" title="Martin Buber">Martin Buber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Gu%C3%A9non" title="René Guénon">René Guénon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tillich" title="Paul Tillich">Paul Tillich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Barth" title="Karl Barth">Karl Barth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Brunner" title="Emil Brunner">Emil Brunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Bultmann" title="Rudolf Bultmann">Rudolf Bultmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Marcel" title="Gabriel Marcel">Gabriel Marcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Niebuhr" title="Reinhold Niebuhr">Reinhold Niebuhr</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hartshorne" title="Charles Hartshorne">Charles Hartshorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Eliade" title="Mircea Eliade">Mircea Eliade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frithjof_Schuon" title="Frithjof Schuon">Frithjof Schuon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._L._Mackie" title="J. L. Mackie">J L Mackie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kaufmann_(philosopher)" title="Walter Kaufmann (philosopher)">Walter Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Lings" title="Martin Lings">Martin Lings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Geach" title="Peter Geach">Peter Geach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_I._Mavrodes" title="George I. Mavrodes">George I Mavrodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alston" title="William Alston">William Alston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Flew" title="Antony Flew">Antony Flew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;font-weight:normal;text-align:center;">1970<br />1990<br />2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Rowe" title="William L. Rowe">William L Rowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewi_Zephaniah_Phillips" title="Dewi Zephaniah Phillips">Dewi Z Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Plantinga" title="Alvin Plantinga">Alvin Plantinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kenny" title="Anthony Kenny">Anthony Kenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Wolterstorff" title="Nicholas Wolterstorff">Nicholas Wolterstorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Swinburne" title="Richard Swinburne">Richard Swinburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Merrihew_Adams" title="Robert Merrihew Adams">Robert Merrihew Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Zacharias" title="Ravi Zacharias">Ravi Zacharias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_van_Inwagen" title="Peter van Inwagen">Peter van Inwagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dennett" title="Daniel Dennett">Daniel Dennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyal_Rue" title="Loyal Rue">Loyal Rue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Marion" title="Jean-Luc Marion">Jean-Luc Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lane_Craig" title="William Lane Craig">William Lane Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Akbar_Rashad" title="Ali Akbar Rashad">Ali Akbar Rashad</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pruss" title="Alexander Pruss">Alexander Pruss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_religion" title="Criticism of religion">Criticism of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desacralization_of_knowledge" title="Desacralization of knowledge">Desacralization of knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion" title="Ethics in religion">Ethics in religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exegesis" title="Exegesis">Exegesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">History of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_religious_language" title="Problem of religious language">Religious language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_philosophy" title="Religious philosophy">Religious philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_religion_and_science" title="Relationship between religion and science">Relationship between religion and science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_and_rationality" title="Faith and rationality">Faith and rationality</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Index_of_philosophy_of_religion_articles" title="Index of philosophy of religion articles">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Philosophy" title="Portal:Philosophy">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Philosophy_of_religion" title="Category:Philosophy of religion">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Miracles_of_Jesus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Template:Miracles of Jesus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Template talk:Miracles of Jesus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Miracles of Jesus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Miracles_of_Jesus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles of Jesus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Control of nature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_at_Cana" title="Wedding at Cana">Wedding at Cana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_catch_of_fish" title="Miraculous catch of fish">Miraculous catch of fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coin_in_the_fish%27s_mouth" title="Coin in the fish's mouth">Coin in the fish's mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeding_the_multitude" title="Feeding the multitude">Feeding the multitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursing_the_fig_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Cursing the fig tree">Cursing the fig tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calming_the_storm" title="Calming the storm">Calming the storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_walking_on_water" title="Jesus walking on water">Jesus walking on water</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/100px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/150px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/200px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1945" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_the_bleeding_woman" title="Jesus healing the bleeding woman">Jesus healing the bleeding woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_man_of_Bethsaida" title="Blind man of Bethsaida">Blind man of Bethsaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_blind_near_Jericho" title="Healing the blind near Jericho">Healing the blind near Jericho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_two_blind_men_in_Galilee" title="Healing the two blind men in Galilee">Healing the two blind men in Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_centurion%27s_servant" title="Healing the centurion's servant">Healing the centurion's servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_cleansing_a_leper" title="Jesus cleansing a leper">Jesus cleansing a leper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleansing_ten_lepers" title="Cleansing ten lepers">Cleansing ten lepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_deaf_mute_of_Decapolis" title="Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis">Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_a_man_with_dropsy" title="Healing a man with dropsy">Healing a man with dropsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_in_the_land_of_Gennesaret" title="Jesus healing in the land of Gennesaret">Jesus healing in the land of Gennesaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_an_infirm_woman" title="Jesus healing an infirm woman">Jesus healing an infirm woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_blind_from_birth" title="Healing the man blind from birth">Healing the man blind from birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_mother_of_Peter%27s_wife" title="Healing the mother of Peter's wife">Healing the mother of Peter's wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Bethesda" title="Healing the paralytic at Bethesda">Healing the paralytic at Bethesda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Capernaum" title="Healing the paralytic at Capernaum">Healing the paralytic at Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_royal_official%27s_son" title="Healing the royal official's son">Healing the royal official's son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_ear_of_a_servant" title="Healing the ear of a servant">Healing the ear of a servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_with_a_withered_hand" title="Healing the man with a withered hand">Healing the man with a withered hand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exorcisms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_the_synagogue_of_Capernaum" title="Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum">Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_exorcising_at_sunset" title="Jesus exorcising at sunset">Jesus exorcising at sunset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Gerasene_demoniac" title="Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac">Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_exorcising_a_mute" title="Jesus exorcising a mute">Jesus exorcising a mute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcising_the_blind_and_mute_man" title="Exorcising the blind and mute man">Exorcising the blind and mute man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Syrophoenician_woman%27s_daughter" title="Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter">Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcising_a_boy_possessed_by_a_demon" title="Exorcising a boy possessed by a demon">Exorcising a boy possessed by a demon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Raising the dead</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Nain" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Nain">Raising of the son of the widow of Nain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Jairus%27_daughter" title="Raising of Jairus' daughter">Raising of Jairus' daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_of_Bethany" title="Lazarus of Bethany">Lazarus of Bethany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry of Jesus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miracle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170774#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4318790-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2007004520">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00565991">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="zázraky"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116811&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000052106&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007566538305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miracle&oldid=1254160185">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miracle&oldid=1254160185</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Miracles" title="Category:Miracles">Miracles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Philosophy_of_religion" title="Category:Philosophy of religion">Philosophy of religion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religious_terminology" title="Category:Religious terminology">Religious terminology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">CS1 maint: archived copy as title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_July_2023" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from July 2023">Vague or ambiguous time from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_July_2014" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2014">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_displaying_short_descriptions_of_redirect_targets_via_Module:Annotated_link" title="Category:Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_displaying_wikidata_descriptions_as_a_fallback_via_Module:Annotated_link" title="Category:Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback via Module:Annotated link">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback via Module:Annotated link</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1913_Catholic_Encyclopedia_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference">Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 October 2024, at 18:00<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miracle&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-6kzj2","wgBackendResponseTime":166,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.308","walltime":"1.736","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8454,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":176977,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5615,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":27,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":190109,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1427.761 1 -total"," 25.93% 370.246 1 Template:Reflist"," 21.75% 310.491 20 Template:Annotated_link"," 10.71% 152.868 13 Template:Cite_book"," 8.03% 114.578 1 Template:Paranormal"," 7.82% 111.720 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 6.35% 90.599 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.79% 82.639 5 Template:Navbox"," 5.34% 76.288 3 Template:Sister_project"," 5.18% 73.994 3 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.798","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17861225,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAdamson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsonMetzner\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAfterman2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAquinas\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBenedictus_de_Spinoza\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCapps2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChisholm1911\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_L._Weddle2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDesmondMoore1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFalasca2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGraves2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrudem1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHalbersam1890\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHerbermann1913\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJenny_SchroedelJohn_Schroedel2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKeener2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorris_Kline1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Neill2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaul_K._Hoffman1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPopkin1951\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVan_Biema1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFViljoen2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatts1968\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Annotated link\"] = 20,\n [\"As of?\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"CathEncy\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite EB1911\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 13,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 13,\n [\"Clarify\"] = 1,\n [\"Colend\"] = 1,\n [\"Cols\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 4,\n [\"Main\"] = 5,\n [\"Miracles of Jesus\"] = 1,\n [\"Oclc\"] = 1,\n [\"Other uses\"] = 1,\n [\"Paranormal\"] = 1,\n [\"Philosophy of religion\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 3,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 1,\n [\"Void\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 8,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Wiktionary\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-lp595","timestamp":"20241122141357","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Miracle","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miracle","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q170774","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q170774","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-05-14T21:08:37Z","dateModified":"2024-10-29T18:00:11Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/33\/Virgin_Mary_of_Akita_Japan.jpg","headline":"highly unusual event believed to be of supernatural or divine origin"}</script> </body> </html>