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href="/wiki/File:Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih,_1961._god.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih%2C_1961._god.jpg/220px-Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih%2C_1961._god.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih%2C_1961._god.jpg/330px-Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih%2C_1961._god.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih%2C_1961._god.jpg/440px-Dolazak_predsednika_Gane_Kvame_Nkrumaha_na_konferenciju_nesvrstanih%2C_1961._god.jpg 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ghana" title="President of Ghana">President of Ghana</a> <a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a> with <a href="/wiki/President_of_Yugoslavia" title="President of Yugoslavia">President of Yugoslavia</a> <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> arriving at the <a href="/wiki/1st_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement</a> in 1961 in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Terazije" title="Terazije">Terazije</a> with <a href="/wiki/Palace_Albanija" title="Palace Albanija">Palace Albanija</a> in the background)</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></b> has been a member state of the <b><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></b> since the time of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement</a> in 1961 in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>. As the first <a href="/wiki/Decolonization_of_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Decolonization of Africa">decolonized</a> country in <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</a>, Ghana actively participated in earliest efforts to initiate <a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-African</a> and Non-Aligned cooperation. Ghana, together with <a href="/wiki/SFR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="SFR Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a>, India, Indonesia, and Egypt, was one of the five countries that initiated the establishment of the movement.<sup id="cite_ref-MFA-Serbia_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MFA-Serbia-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ghana" title="President of Ghana">President of Ghana</a> <a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a>, together with some other prominent African leaders at the time such as <a href="/wiki/Julius_Nyerere" title="Julius Nyerere">Julius Nyerere</a> from <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> from Egypt, joined hands with non-African leaders from countries beyond <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> bloc divides, including <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> of Yugoslavia, <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a> of India and <a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, in building what would become known as the Non-Aligned Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-60_godina_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60_godina-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The country believed that the Non-Aligned framework might help to shield Africa from becoming directly involved in destructive Cold War United States-<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> rivalries, while providing enough space for collective activist foreign policy aimed at supporting anticolonial <a href="/wiki/Liberation_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation movements">liberation movements</a> and African unity.<sup id="cite_ref-60_godina_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60_godina-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this respect, some scholars compared the Ghanaian approach towards the Non-Aligned Movement with the <a href="/wiki/Monroe_Doctrine" title="Monroe Doctrine">Monroe Doctrine</a>, stressing how Ghanaian leadership aimed to create an African Monroe Doctrine that would protect the continent from external powers.<sup id="cite_ref-Gerits_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gerits-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign policy of Ghana">foreign policy of Ghana</a> was deeply shaped by the principles of Non-Alignment in the belief that they alone might be the reliable route towards African unity.<sup id="cite_ref-Gerits_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gerits-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1961 in Belgrade, President Nkrumah called upon other participants to end colonialism, to work on the <a href="/wiki/Reform_of_the_United_Nations" title="Reform of the United Nations">reform of the United Nations</a> and to act as a "moral force" to avoid war between the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western Bloc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gerits_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gerits-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ghanaian principled Non-Aligned position at the conference was perceived as remarkable in light of the concurrent <a href="/wiki/Congo_Crisis" title="Congo Crisis">Congo Crisis</a> and the murder of <a href="/wiki/Patrice_Lumumba" title="Patrice Lumumba">Patrice Lumumba</a>, which was expected to trigger potentially stronger anti-western reactions.<sup id="cite_ref-Gerits_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gerits-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This expectation was exacerbated by the fact that Ghana was a part of the more radical and <a href="/wiki/African_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="African nationalist">African nationalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Group" title="Casablanca Group">Casablanca Group</a>, as opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Brazzaville_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazzaville Group">Brazzaville Group</a>, with only countries from the first group attending the Belgrade conference.<sup id="cite_ref-Ancic_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ancic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghana_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Tanzania and the Non-Aligned Movement">Tanzania and the Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Egypt and the Non-Aligned Movement">Egypt and the Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Ghana–Yugoslavia relations">Ghana–Yugoslavia relations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghana_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MFA-Serbia-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MFA-Serbia_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/press-service/interviews/non-aligned-movement-returned-its-birthplace">"The Non-Aligned Movement returned to its birthplace"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Serbia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Serbia)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Serbia)</a>. 10 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Non-Aligned+Movement+returned+to+its+birthplace&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Serbia%29&rft.date=2021-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.gov.rs%2Fen%2Fpress-service%2Finterviews%2Fnon-aligned-movement-returned-its-birthplace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhana+and+the+Non-Aligned+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60_godina-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-60_godina_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-60_godina_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Prehi_BotchwayAkwasi_Kwarteng_Amoako-Gyampah2021" class="citation book cs1">Thomas Prehi Botchway; Akwasi Kwarteng Amoako-Gyampah (2021). "The Non-Aligned Movement, Ghana and the Early Days of African Diplomacy: Reflections on Developing Country's Foreign Policy". In Duško Dimitrijević; Jovan Čavoški (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diplomacy.bg.ac.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/The-60th-Anniversary.pdf"><i>The 60th Anniversary of the Non-Aligned Movement</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_International_Politics_and_Economics" title="Institute of International Politics and Economics">Institute of International Politics and Economics</a>. pp. 289–303. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-7067-283-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-7067-283-3"><bdi>978-86-7067-283-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Non-Aligned+Movement%2C+Ghana+and+the+Early+Days+of+African+Diplomacy%3A+Reflections+on+Developing+Country%27s+Foreign+Policy&rft.btitle=The+60th+Anniversary+of+the+Non-Aligned+Movement&rft.place=Belgrade%2C+Serbia&rft.pages=289-303&rft.pub=Institute+of+International+Politics+and+Economics&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-86-7067-283-3&rft.au=Thomas+Prehi+Botchway&rft.au=Akwasi+Kwarteng+Amoako-Gyampah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.diplomacy.bg.ac.rs%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2021%2F08%2FThe-60th-Anniversary.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhana+and+the+Non-Aligned+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gerits-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gerits_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gerits_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gerits_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gerits_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerits2015" class="citation journal cs1">Gerits, Frank (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24703165">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'When the Bull Elephants Fight': Kwame Nkrumah, Non-Alignment, and Pan-Africanism as an Interventionist Ideology in the Global Cold War (1957–66)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_International_History_Review" title="The International History Review">The International History Review</a></i>. <b>37</b> (5): 951–969.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+History+Review&rft.atitle=%27When+the+Bull+Elephants+Fight%27%3A+Kwame+Nkrumah%2C+Non-Alignment%2C+and+Pan-Africanism+as+an+Interventionist+Ideology+in+the+Global+Cold+War+%281957%E2%80%9366%29&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=951-969&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Gerits&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24703165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhana+and+the+Non-Aligned+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ancic-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ancic_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAncic2017" class="citation journal cs1">Ancic, Ivana (17 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalsouthstudies.as.virginia.edu/key-moments/belgrade-1961-non-aligned-conference">"Belgrade, The 1961 Non-Aligned Conference"</a>. <i>Global South Studies</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+South+Studies&rft.atitle=Belgrade%2C+The+1961+Non-Aligned+Conference&rft.date=2017-08-17&rft.aulast=Ancic&rft.aufirst=Ivana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalsouthstudies.as.virginia.edu%2Fkey-moments%2Fbelgrade-1961-non-aligned-conference&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhana+and+the+Non-Aligned+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Non-Aligned_Movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Template:Non-Aligned Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Template talk:Non-Aligned Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Non-Aligned Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Non-Aligned_Movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement#Members,_observers_and_guests" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Members</a> and the NAM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Cyprus and the Non-Aligned Movement">Cyprus</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Egypt and the Non-Aligned Movement">Egypt</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="India and the Non-Aligned Movement">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Malta and the Non-Aligned Movement">Malta</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Sri Lanka and the Non-Aligned Movement">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Tanzania and the Non-Aligned Movement">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement">Yugoslavia</a> ‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bureau</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coordinating_Bureau_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Coordinating Bureau of the Non-Aligned Movement">Coordinating Bureau of the Non-Aligned Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement_Centre_for_South-South_Technical_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Aligned Movement Centre for South-South Technical Cooperation">Centre for South-South Technical Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement#NAM_Centres" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Centre for Science and Technology of the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement#NAM_Centres" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Center for Human Rights and Cultural Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement_Youth_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Aligned Movement Youth Organization">NAM Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAM_News_Network" title="NAM News Network">NAM News Network</a> (<a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_News_Agencies_Pool" title="Non-Aligned News Agencies Pool">News Agencies Pool</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%22Josip_Broz_Tito%22_Art_Gallery_of_the_Nonaligned_Countries" title=""Josip Broz Tito" Art Gallery of the Nonaligned Countries">"Josip Broz Tito" Art Gallery of the Nonaligned Countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Principles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Principles_of_Peaceful_Coexistence" title="Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence">Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Non-Aligned_Movement_Summits" title="Template:Non-Aligned Movement Summits">Summits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandung_Conference" title="Bandung Conference">Bandung Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioni_Meeting" title="Brioni Meeting">Brioni Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="2nd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="3rd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="5th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="6th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="7th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="8th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="9th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="10th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="16th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="18th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="19th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">19th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito#Non-Alignment" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukarno#Figurehead_president" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a> (<a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser#Adoption_of_neutralism" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> (<a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houari_Boumediene#Foreign_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Houari Boumediene">Houari Boumediene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro#Foreign_wars_and_NAM_Presidency:_1975–1979" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela#Foreign_affairs" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi#Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirimavo_Bandaranaike" title="Sirimavo Bandaranaike">Sirimavo Bandaranaike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>‡ denotes a former member state of the Non-Aligned Movement</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Ghana&#124;link=Ghana_Foreign_relations_of_Ghana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Ghana" title="Template:Foreign relations of Ghana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Ghana" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Ghana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Ghana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Ghana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Ghana&#124;link=Ghana_Foreign_relations_of_Ghana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana"><img alt="Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ghana" title="Foreign relations of Ghana">Foreign relations of Ghana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93Ghana_relations" title="Burkina Faso–Ghana relations">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Ivory_Coast_relations" title="Ghana–Ivory Coast relations">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Ghana–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="Ghana–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Ghana–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Togo_relations" title="Ghana–Togo relations">Togo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Ghana"><img alt="Coat of arms of Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Ghana_relations" title="Colombia–Ghana relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Jamaica_relations" title="Ghana–Jamaica relations">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Ghana–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Ghana–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ghana–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Ghana_relations" title="Bangladesh–Ghana relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Ghana_relations" title="China–Ghana relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Ghana–India relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Ghana–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Ghana–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Ghana–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Ghana–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Ghana–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Ghana–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Ghana_relations" title="Denmark–Ghana relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Ghana_relations" title="Germany–Ghana relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Hungary_relations" title="Ghana–Hungary relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Ghana–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Ghana–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Ghana–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Former" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Ghana–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_and_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghana and the Commonwealth of Nations">Ghana and the Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Ghana" title="List of diplomatic missions of Ghana">Diplomatic missions of Ghana</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Ghana" title="List of diplomatic missions in Ghana">in Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Ghana)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ghana)">Foreign Ministry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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