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The organisation of the armed forces health service faced extreme difficulties due to the extensive loss of life of an almost exclusively terrestrial war. In this context, the role of the medical staff and nursing staff was essential, as the example of the volunteer Red Cross nurses testifies. 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The organisation of the armed forces health service faced extreme difficulties due to the extensive loss of life of an almost exclusively terrestrial war. In this context, the role of the medical staff and nursing staff was essential, as the example of the volunteer Red Cross nurses testifies. However, this conflict revealed the need to improve the training of the nursing staff, as was the case in Anglo-Saxon countries.","publication_date":"2014,,","publication_name":"Soins; la revue de référence infirmière"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"fr","title":"[The Italian armed forces health service during the Great War]","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [33112712]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":41463420,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “[The Italian armed forces health service during the Great War]”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/41463420/mini_magick20190219-26788-m97yp9.png?1550585625" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">[The Italian armed forces health service during the Great War]</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33112712" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/JulitaSansoni"><img alt="Profile image of Julita Sansoni" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Julita Sansoni</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, Soins; la revue de référence infirmière</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The Great War had a huge impact on Italian society. The organisation of the armed forces health service faced extreme difficulties due to the extensive loss of life of an almost exclusively terrestrial war. In this context, the role of the medical staff and nursing staff was essential, as the example of the volunteer Red Cross nurses testifies. However, this conflict revealed the need to improve the training of the nursing staff, as was the case in Anglo-Saxon countries.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":41463420,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/20609056/_The_Italian_armed_forces_health_service_during_the_Great_War_"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":41463420,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/20609056/_The_Italian_armed_forces_health_service_during_the_Great_War_"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="41463420" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/20609056/_The_Italian_armed_forces_health_service_during_the_Great_War_" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="20609078" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20609078/Le_Service_de_sant%C3%A9_des_arm%C3%A9es_italien_durant_la_Grande_Guerre">Le Service de santé des armées italien durant la Grande Guerre</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33112712" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/JulitaSansoni">Julita Sansoni</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Soins, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Le Service de santé des armées italien durant la Grande Guerre","attachmentId":41463415,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20609078/Le_Service_de_sant%C3%A9_des_arm%C3%A9es_italien_durant_la_Grande_Guerre","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20609078/Le_Service_de_sant%C3%A9_des_arm%C3%A9es_italien_durant_la_Grande_Guerre"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="30726777" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30726777/Guerre_maladie_empire_Les_services_de_sant%C3%A9_militaires_en_situation_coloniale_pendant_le_long_XIXe_si%C3%A8cle">Guerre, maladie, empire. 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La révolution spectaculaire du Service de santé aux armées.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21656968" href="https://univ-lyon1.academia.edu/HuguesLefort">Hugues Lefort</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">After the sanitary disaster caused by the first months of the conflict, the Health service of the French armies undertook a true revolution. By 1918, it had become the most efficient of all the opposing armies. At the end of 1914, through the spacing out of the evacuating hospitals within the zone of the armies, the most efficient teams were placed as close as possible to the front. Injured soldiers were categorized at every step of the chain. Technical progress, especially in war surgery, pushed medicine into the moderne era. Après le désastre sanitaire des premiers mois du conflit de la Grande Guerre, le Service de santé aux armées françaises a connu une véritable révolution pour devenir, en 1918, le plus efficace des armées en présence. Fin 1914, par l’échelonnement des hôpitaux d’évacuation dans la zone des armées, les équipes médicales les plus performantes sont affectées au plus près du front. La catégorisation des blessés a lieu à chacun des échelons de la chaîne d’évacuation. Les progrès techniques, notamment en chirurgie de guerre, font entrer la médecine dans l’ère moderne. the sanitary disaster caused by the first months of the conflict, the Health service of the French armies undertook a true revolution. By 1918, it had become the most efficient of all the opposing armies. At the end of 1914, through the spacing out of the evacuating hospitals within the zone of the armies, the most efficient teams were placed as close as possible to the front. Injured soldiers were categorized at every step of the chain. Technical progress, especially in war surgery, pushed medicine into the moderne era.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"[A spectacular revolution: evolution of French military health service]. La révolution spectaculaire du Service de santé aux armées.","attachmentId":36254756,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10144878/_A_spectacular_revolution_evolution_of_French_military_health_service_La_r%C3%A9volution_spectaculaire_du_Service_de_sant%C3%A9_aux_arm%C3%A9es","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10144878/_A_spectacular_revolution_evolution_of_French_military_health_service_La_r%C3%A9volution_spectaculaire_du_Service_de_sant%C3%A9_aux_arm%C3%A9es"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="89253575" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89253575/Organisation_m%C3%A9dicale_pendant_la_premi%C3%A8re_guerre_mondiale">Organisation médicale pendant la première guerre mondiale</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3351931" href="https://inrap.academia.edu/AlexandreCoulaud">Alexandre Coulaud</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archeopages, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Organisation médicale pendant la première guerre mondiale","attachmentId":93086013,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89253575/Organisation_m%C3%A9dicale_pendant_la_premi%C3%A8re_guerre_mondiale","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89253575/Organisation_m%C3%A9dicale_pendant_la_premi%C3%A8re_guerre_mondiale"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="44244642" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44244642/Une_utopie_en_actes_R%C3%A9flexions_sur_la_naissance_du_Service_National_de_Sant%C3%A9_italien_1945_1978_">Une utopie en actes? Réflexions sur la naissance du Service National de Santé italien (1945-1978)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17898151" href="https://imtlucca.academia.edu/IlariaPavan">Ilaria Pavan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">"Revue d'histoire de la protection sociale", 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article reconstructs the process that led in 1978, after a debate lasting over a decade, to the implementation of Italy’s Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, a national health service for all citizens with a universal aspect and financed by the state. The construction of the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale was informed by the experience of the British National Health System, but the Italian system possessed its own specific characteristics, including a connection between health protection and the attention paid to the working environment and the protection of the territory, as well as a particular emphasis on prevention, education and the participation of citizens, who from passive users of medical care were to become a conscious subject of the new system.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Une utopie en actes? Réflexions sur la naissance du Service National de Santé italien (1945-1978)","attachmentId":64616219,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44244642/Une_utopie_en_actes_R%C3%A9flexions_sur_la_naissance_du_Service_National_de_Sant%C3%A9_italien_1945_1978_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44244642/Une_utopie_en_actes_R%C3%A9flexions_sur_la_naissance_du_Service_National_de_Sant%C3%A9_italien_1945_1978_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="9320326" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9320326/La_justice_militaire_en_Italie_pendant_la_Premi%C3%A8re_Guerre_mondiale_Le_front_int%C3%A9rieur">La justice militaire en Italie pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Le front intérieur</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13831221" href="https://unimore.academia.edu/GiovannaProcacci">Giovanna Procacci</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">, in J.-M-Berlière, J.Campion, L.Lacché, X.Rousseaux (ed.), Justices militaires et guerres mondiales-Military Justices and World Wars, Presses Universitaires de Louvain, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"La justice militaire en Italie pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. 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