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Magnet – Wikipedija/Википедија

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class=""><span>Donacije</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Stvori_ra%C4%8Dun&amp;returnto=Magnet" title="Preporučujemo da izradite račun i prijavite se, ali to nije obavezno" class=""><span>Izradi račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&amp;returnto=Magnet" title="Preporučujemo da se prijavite, ali to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijavi me</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Mjesec_Azije/2024\" title=\"Wikipedija:Mjesec Azije/2024\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/25px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"25\" height=\"27\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/38px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/50px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"859\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\n\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\" style=\"\"\u003E Od 1. do 30. novembra održava se uređivački maraton \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Mjesec_Azije/2024\" title=\"Wikipedija:Mjesec Azije/2024\"\u003EMjesec Azije\u003C/a\u003E. 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Povijest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povijest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Povijest</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Povijest-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Povijest</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Povijest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Magnetizam_u_drevnoj_Kini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magnetizam_u_drevnoj_Kini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Magnetizam u drevnoj Kini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magnetizam_u_drevnoj_Kini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Magnetizam_u_srednjem_vijeku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magnetizam_u_srednjem_vijeku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Magnetizam u srednjem vijeku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magnetizam_u_srednjem_vijeku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Podjela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podjela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Podjela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podjela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Polovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svojstva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svojstva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Svojstva</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Svojstva-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Svojstva</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Svojstva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dijamagnetizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dijamagnetizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Dijamagnetizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dijamagnetizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paramagnetizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paramagnetizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Paramagnetizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paramagnetizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feromagnetizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feromagnetizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Feromagnetizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feromagnetizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ferimagnetizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ferimagnetizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Ferimagnetizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ferimagnetizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metamagnetizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metamagnetizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Metamagnetizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metamagnetizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektromagnetizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektromagnetizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Elektromagnetizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektromagnetizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Povezano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Magnet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 129 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-129" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">129 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneet" title="Magneet — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Magneet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8C%8D%E1%8A%90%E1%8C%A2%E1%88%B5" title="መግነጢስ — Amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መግነጢስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%C3%A1n" title="Imán — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Imán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="مغناطيس — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مغناطيس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="هندة — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هندة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95" title="চুম্বক — Asemijski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চুম্বক" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asemijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%C3%A1n" title="Imán — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Imán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achkatasiri" title="Achkatasiri — Ajmara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Achkatasiri" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Ajmara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqnit" title="Maqnit — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Maqnit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دمیرقاپان — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دمیرقاپان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Магнит" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnets" title="Magnets — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Magnets" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosi_Barani" title="Bosi Barani — Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Bosi Barani" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82" title="Магніт — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Магніт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82" title="Магніт — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Магніт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магнит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95" title="চুম্বক — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চুম্বক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Суранзан — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Суранзан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imant" title="Imant — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Imant" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%B9%B3%CC%80-ti%C3%A9k" title="Cṳ̀-tiék — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cṳ̀-tiék" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="موگناتیس — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="موگناتیس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит — Čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Магнит" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μαγνήτης — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαγνήτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto" title="Magneto — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Magneto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%C3%A1n" title="Imán — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Imán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iman" title="Iman — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Iman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="آهنربا — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آهنربا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneetti" title="Magneetti — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Magneetti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aimant" title="Aimant — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aimant" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneet" title="Magneet — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Magneet" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maighn%C3%A9ad" title="Maighnéad — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maighnéad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%C3%A1n" title="Imán — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Imán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%98" title="מגנט — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מגנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95" title="चुम्बक — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चुम्बक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumbak_loha" title="Chumbak loha — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chumbak loha" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lland%C3%B3_m%C3%A1gnes" title="Állandó mágnes — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Állandó mágnes" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD" title="Մագնիս — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մագնիս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnete" title="Magnete — Interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Magnete" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnete" title="Magnete — Interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Magnete" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipitchak" title="Nipitchak — Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nipitchak" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto" title="Magneto — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Magneto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segull" title="Segull — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Segull" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnete" title="Magnete — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Magnete" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E7%9F%B3" title="磁石 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="磁石" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%A8t" title="Magnèt — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Magnèt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="მაგნიტი — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაგნიტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosi_Barani" title="Bosi Barani — Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bosi Barani" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Магнит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4" title="ಅಯಸ್ಕಾಂತ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಯಸ್ಕಾಂತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%84%9D" title="자석 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자석" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A0%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D9%96%D8%B3" title="مؠقناطیٖس — Kašmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مؠقناطیٖس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kašmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangneet" title="Mangneet — kelnski" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Mangneet" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kelnski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fanek" title="Kişanek — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kişanek" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Магнит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnes" title="Magnes — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Magnes" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneet" title="Magneet — Limburgiš" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Magneet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetas" title="Magnetas — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Magnetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C4%93ts" title="Magnēts — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Magnēts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basi_barani" title="Basi barani — Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Basi barani" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Магнет — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Магнет" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="കാന്തം — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാന്തം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7" title="Соронз — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Соронз" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95" title="चुंबक — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चुंबक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besi_berani" title="Besi berani — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Besi berani" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="သံလိုက် — Burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံလိုက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneet" title="Magneet — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Magneet" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95" title="चुम्बक — Nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चुम्बक" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95" title="चुम्बक — Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चुम्बक" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneet" title="Magneet — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Magneet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asimant" title="Asimant — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Asimant" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maagneetii(loobilaa)" title="Maagneetii(loobilaa) — Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Maagneetii(loobilaa)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%95" title="ਚੁੰਬਕ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚੁੰਬਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnes" title="Magnes — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Magnes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnete" title="Magnete — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Magnete" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%DD%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="مقݨاطیس — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مقݨاطیس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="مقناطيس — Paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مقناطيس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dman" title="Íman — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Íman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%27askachimuq" title="K&#039;askachimuq — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="K&#039;askachimuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магнит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%91%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Маґнет — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Маґнет" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamita" title="Calamita — Sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Calamita" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%82%D9%85%D9%82" title="چقمق — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="چقمق" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneti" title="Magneti — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Magneti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Магнет — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Магнет" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%A9t" title="Magnét — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Magnét" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Magnet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumaku" title="Sumaku — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sumaku" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="காந்தம் — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காந்தம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4" title="ಅಯಸ್ಕಾಂತ — Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಅಯಸ್ಕಾಂತ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="అయస్కాంతం — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అయస్కాంతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Оҳанрабо — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оҳанрабо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81" title="แม่เหล็ก — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่เหล็ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batubalani" title="Batubalani — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Batubalani" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1knat%C4%B1s" title="Mıknatıs — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mıknatıs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Сорунза — Tuvinijski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Сорунза" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82" title="Магніт — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Магніт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="مقناطیس — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مقناطیس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnit" title="Magnit — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Magnit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnit" title="Magnit — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Magnit" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nam_ch%C3%A2m" title="Nam châm — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nam châm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmant" title="Inmant — Valun" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Inmant" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Valun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batubarani" title="Batubarani — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Batubarani" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijjaan" title="Bijjaan — Volof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Bijjaan" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Volof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E9%93%81%E7%9F%B3" title="吸铁石 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="吸铁石" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%90%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჭაჭმენტი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჭაჭმენტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%98" title="מאגנעט — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאגנעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gb%C3%A9ringb%C3%A9rin" title="Gbéringbérin — Jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Gbéringbérin" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E9%90%B5" title="磁鐵 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="磁鐵" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khip-chio%CC%8Dh" title="Khip-chio̍h — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khip-chio̍h" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="攝石 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="攝石" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11421#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sh-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;variant=sh-latn" lang="sh-Latn" hreflang="sh-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sh-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;variant=sh-cyrl" lang="sh-Cyrl" hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Magnet"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon 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href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Kolekcija&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Magnet"><span>Napravi knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Magnet&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;printable=yes" title="Odštampajte ovu stranicu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Odštampaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Magnet" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Magnet0873.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Magnet0873.png/300px-Magnet0873.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Magnet0873.png 1.5x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="298" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">Magnetske silnice</a> mogu se <a href="/wiki/Pokus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokus">pokusom</a> zapaziti ako se iznad magneta postavi <a href="/wiki/Staklo" title="Staklo">staklena</a> ploča i na nju pospe <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezna</a> pilovina te se ploča lagano potrese. Slova N i S predstavljaju položaje sjevernog i južnog pola.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg/300px-Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg/450px-Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg/600px-Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption>Model prvobitnog <a href="/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas">kompasa</a> (<i>sinan</i>) iz <a href="/wiki/Dinastija_Han" title="Dinastija Han">dinastije Han</a> (206 pr.Kr. – 220.) za koji se pretpostavlja da je napravljen od prirodnog magneta.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Magpins1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Magpins1.JPG/300px-Magpins1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Magpins1.JPG/450px-Magpins1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Magpins1.JPG/600px-Magpins1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Djelovanje magneta.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Permeability_by_Zureks.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Permeability_by_Zureks.svg/300px-Permeability_by_Zureks.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Permeability_by_Zureks.svg/450px-Permeability_by_Zureks.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Permeability_by_Zureks.svg/600px-Permeability_by_Zureks.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>Pojednostavljeni uporedni pregled <a href="/wiki/Magnetska_permeabilnost" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetska permeabilnost">magnetske permeabilnosti</a>: <a href="/wiki/Feromagnetizam" title="Feromagnetizam">feromagnetika</a> (μ<sub>f</sub>), paramagnetika(μ<sub>p</sub>), <a href="/wiki/Vakuum" title="Vakuum">vakuuma</a> (μ<sub>0</sub>) i dijamagnetika (μ<sub>d</sub>).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Diamagnetic_graphite_levitation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Diamagnetic_graphite_levitation.jpg/300px-Diamagnetic_graphite_levitation.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="382" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Diamagnetic_graphite_levitation.jpg/450px-Diamagnetic_graphite_levitation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Diamagnetic_graphite_levitation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dijamagnetizam" title="Dijamagnetizam">Dijamagnetička</a> svojstva zlata: lebdenje ili <a href="/wiki/Levitacija" title="Levitacija">levitacija</a> pirolitičkog <a href="/wiki/Ugljik" class="mw-redirect" title="Ugljik">ugljika</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Magnet_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Magnet_4.jpg/300px-Magnet_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Magnet_4.jpg/450px-Magnet_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Magnet_4.jpg/600px-Magnet_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Magnet koji lebdi iznad <a href="/wiki/Supravodljivost" class="mw-redirect" title="Supravodljivost">supravodiča</a> zbog <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meissnerov_u%C4%8Dinak&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Meissnerov učinak (stranica ne postoji)">Meissnerovog učinka</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:MagnetEZ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/MagnetEZ.jpg/300px-MagnetEZ.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/MagnetEZ.jpg/450px-MagnetEZ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/MagnetEZ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alnico&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alnico (stranica ne postoji)">Alnico</a> <a href="/wiki/Feromagnetizam" title="Feromagnetizam">feromagnet</a> u obliku potkove.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Simple_electromagnet2.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Simple_electromagnet2.gif/300px-Simple_electromagnet2.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Simple_electromagnet2.gif/450px-Simple_electromagnet2.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Simple_electromagnet2.gif 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="358" /></a><figcaption>Jednostavan <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">elektromagnet</a> se sastoji od zavojnice izoliranog <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_vodi%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni vodič">električnog vodiča</a> koji je namotan ono <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezne</a> jezgre. Jakost magnetskog polja <i>H</i> je sukladna s jačinom električne struje <i>i</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ceramic_magnets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Ceramic_magnets.jpg/300px-Ceramic_magnets.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Ceramic_magnets.jpg/450px-Ceramic_magnets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Ceramic_magnets.jpg/600px-Ceramic_magnets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1496" data-file-height="1378" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ferit_(magnet)" title="Ferit (magnet)">Feriti</a> su izrazitih magnetskih svojstava.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Magnet</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">lat</a>. <i>magnes</i>, <a href="/wiki/Genitiv" title="Genitiv">genitiv</a> <i>magnetis</i> &lt; <a href="/wiki/Starogr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Starogrčki jezik">grč</a>. <i>Μαγνῆτıς λίϑος</i>: kamen iz Magnezije) je svako tijelo koje stvara <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">magnetsko polje</a> u sebi i oko sebe, te ima svojstvo da može djelovati privlačnom <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">silom</a> na <a href="/wiki/Feromagnetizam" title="Feromagnetizam">feromagnetske</a> <a href="/wiki/Materijal" title="Materijal">materijale</a> (na primjer <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezo</a>). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trajni_magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Trajni magnet (stranica ne postoji)">Trajni ili permanentni magnet</a> to svojstvo ne mijenja tijekom vremena, osim ako se vanjskim djelovanjem ne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demagnetizacija&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Demagnetizacija (stranica ne postoji)">demagnetizira</a>. Privremeni ili promjenljivi magnet to svojstvo ima dok je izložen utjecaju magnetskog polja što ga stvara neki drugi magnet u okolini. Magnetsko polje nastaje i u okolini <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_vodi%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni vodič">električnog vodiča</a> kojim teče <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električna struja</a>. Strujna petlja ili mnoštvo namotaja u obliku zavojnice ponaša se kao magnet. </p><p>Djelovanje magnetskog polja u nekoj točki može se ustanoviti magnetskom iglom, koja se lako zakreće na svojem uporištu u smjer magnetskog polja. Tako označeni smjerovi od točke do točke u prostoru čine magnetsku silnicu. <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">Magnetsko polje</a> što ga stvara neki magnet obično se prikazuje skupom magnetskih silnica. One izlaze iz sjevernoga magnetskog pola i ulaze u južni, a unutar magneta silnice idu od južnoga prema sjevernom polu tako da ukupno čine zatvorene linije. Magnetske silnice mogu se <a href="/wiki/Pokus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokus">pokusom</a> (eksperimentalno) zapaziti ako se iznad magneta postavi staklena ploča i na nju pospe željezna pilovina te se ploča lagano potrese.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povijest">Povijest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Povijest" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povijest"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po <a href="/wiki/Legenda" title="Legenda">predaji</a>, do naziva magnet došlo je tako što je svojstva magneta zapazio pastir Magnus na <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka" title="Grčka">grčkom</a> otoku <a href="/wiki/Kreta" class="mw-redirect" title="Kreta">Kreti</a>. Po toj predaji, on je na <a href="/wiki/Sandale" title="Sandale">sandalama</a> imao <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezne</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cavao" title="Čavao">čavle</a> te je, dok je išao preko kamenja, primjetio da mu to kamenje privlači sandale. Dakako, to kamenje je bila <a href="/wiki/Mineralne_sirovine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineralne sirovine">rudača</a> <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetit</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tales" title="Tales">Tales Milećanin</a>, a poslije i drugi grčki <a href="/wiki/Filozof" class="mw-disambig" title="Filozof">filozofi</a>, pisao je o neobičnom ponašanju željezne rudače koja privlači željezne predmete. Naime, oblikovana željezna rudača - magnetit, crna <a href="/wiki/Mineralne_sirovine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineralne sirovine">ruda</a> metalnog sjaja, ima sposobnost privlačenja <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željeza</a>. Ruda magnetit kopala se u <a href="/wiki/Mala_Azija" title="Mala Azija">maloazijskom</a> mjestu Magnezijum, po kojem je neobična pojava svojstvena oblikovanim komadima magnetita dobila naziv magnetizam. Dakle, za tijela koja imaju svojstvo privlačenja željeznih predmeta kaže se da su magnetična i nazivaju se magneti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Magnetizam_u_drevnoj_Kini">Magnetizam u drevnoj Kini</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Magnetizam u drevnoj Kini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Magnetizam u drevnoj Kini"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Tehnologija_drevne_Kine" title="Tehnologija drevne Kine">Tehnologija drevne Kine</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Za razliku od papira, magnetski <a href="/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas">kompas</a> je bio <a href="/wiki/Naprava" class="mw-redirect" title="Naprava">naprava</a> bez koje je kineska civilizacija mogla živjeti isto kao i s njom, ali ovaj slučaj upravo pokazuje ono malo veza između <a href="/wiki/Znanost" class="mw-redirect" title="Znanost">znanosti</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tehnologija" title="Tehnologija">tehnologije</a> u drevnoj Kini. Tajnovita svojstva <i>magnetnog kamena</i> (prirodni <a href="/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam">magnetizam</a> minerala <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetita</a>) bila su poznata do 300. pr. Kr. i isprva su korištena kao sredstvo <a href="/wiki/Proricanje" title="Proricanje">proricanja</a>. Do 100. pr. Kr. je postalo poznato da se magnetna igla usmjerava duž pravca sjever-jug i to je svojstvo korišteno u geomantiji ili umijeću <a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" title="Feng shui">feng shui</a>, pravilnom postavljanju kuća, hramova, grobnica, cesta i drugih <a href="/wiki/Gra%C4%91evina" title="Građevina">građevina</a>. Kasnije se pojavila razrađena naturalistička teorija koja je objašnjavala gibanje magnetne igle kao odziv na strujanje energije kroz i oko Zemlje, što je primjer koji pokazuje da tehnologija ponekad potiče pretpostavke o prirodi, a ne samo obratno, kako se danas uobičajeno misli. </p><p>U Kini su kasnije magneti proizvođeni na različite načine: trljanjem željeza magnetitom ili magnetiziranim <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kovanje" title="Kovanje">kovanjem</a> zagrijane željezne trake postavljene u smjeru sjever-jug, te naglim uranjanjem zagrijane željezne šipke, postavljene u smjeru sjever-jug, u vodu. Prvi pouzdani prikaz primitivnog, ali uporabivog kompasa ili <i>sinana</i>, nalazi se u knjizi iz 83., dok ostali izvori sežu možda i do 4. st. pr. Kr. Komad magnetita bi se izdubio u oblik zaimače (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Grabilica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grabilica (stranica ne postoji)">grabilice</a> za uzimanje i prenošenje juha), koja bi se postavila na kamenu ploču ravne, uglačane površine, a drška bi se potom usmjerila prema jugu. Izvori navode da je osim u geomantiji korišten i za orijentaciju tijekom putovanja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Magnetizam_u_srednjem_vijeku">Magnetizam u srednjem vijeku</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Magnetizam u srednjem vijeku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Magnetizam u srednjem vijeku"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>U <a href="/wiki/13._stolje%C4%87e" class="mw-redirect" title="13. stoljeće">13. stoljeću</a> utvrđeno je da i željezo postaje magnetično ako se preko njega prelazi drugim magnetom. Tako nastaju umjetni magneti. Magneti mogu biti različitih oblika. Najčešće su u obliku igle, štapića i potkove. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrus_Peregrinus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Petrus Peregrinus (stranica ne postoji)">Petrus Peregrinus</a> prvi je u Europi (1269.) detaljnije opisao <a href="/wiki/Navigacija" title="Navigacija">navigaciju</a> s pomoću magnetne igle. <a href="/wiki/William_Gilbert" title="William Gilbert">William Gilbert</a> (1600.) otkrio je <a href="/wiki/Zemljino_magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemljino magnetsko polje">magnetizam Zemlje</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Charles-Augustin_de_Coulomb" title="Charles-Augustin de Coulomb">Charles-Augustin de Coulomb</a> postavio je 1785. zakon o privlačenju i odbijanju magnetnih polova. Do početka 19. stoljeća smatralo se da električne i magnetske pojave nisu povezane. Epohalno je otkriće <a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">danskog</a> <a href="/wiki/Fizi%C4%8Dar" title="Fizičar">fizičara</a> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_%C3%98rsted" title="Hans Christian Ørsted">Hansa Christiana Ørsteda</a>, koji je (1820.) utvrdio da <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električna struja</a> djeluje na magnetnu iglu. Pet godina poslije <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Amp%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="André-Marie Ampère">André-Marie Ampère</a> otkrio je zakon o silama među vodičima kojima teče električna struja. Tada je konstruiran i prvi <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">elektromagnet</a>. Oko 1830. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">Michael Faraday</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry" title="Joseph Henry">Joseph Henry</a> i <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Lenz" title="Heinrich Lenz">Heinrich Lenz</a> otkrili su <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_indukcija" title="Elektromagnetska indukcija">elektromagnetsku indukciju</a> i njezine zakonitosti, a <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a> je 1873. sjedinio Ørstedove i Faradayeve spoznaje u zaokruženu cjelinu <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetizam" title="Elektromagnetizam">električnih i magnetskih pojava</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Podjela">Podjela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Podjela" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Podjela"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Magneti se dijele na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trajni_magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Trajni magnet (stranica ne postoji)">trajne ili permanentne magnete</a> i na <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">elektromagnete</a>. Elektromagneti se obično sastoje od zavojnice sa željeznom jezgrom, a razlikuju se od trajnih zbog ovisnosti o <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električnoj struji</a> koja je uvjet za stvaranje njihova magnetskog polja. Trajni se pak magneti dijele na prirodne i umjetne. Prirodne čine rude, odnosno minerali koji su magnetizirani prirodnim putem, a umjetni se dobivaju željenim postupkom magnetiziranja posebnog materijala. Najpoznatiji primjer prirodnog magneta je magnetizirani <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetit</a>, od čijeg naziva i potječu nazivi kao što su <i>magnet</i> ili <i>magnetsko polje</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Polovi">Polovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Polovi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Polovi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Magneti nisu izotropni, nego imaju povlašteni smjer, a to je smjer <a href="/wiki/Vektor" title="Vektor">vektora</a> magnetskog polja unutar magneta. Mjesta gdje magnetsko polje magneta u značajnoj mjeri izvire ili ponire u magnet se nazivaju polovima magneta. Polovi se se nazivaju sjeverni (N <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: help; color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="engleski jezik">(<kbd>en</kbd>)</span>) i južni (S <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: help; color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="engleski jezik">(<kbd>en</kbd>)</span>) pol, a o kojem se polu radi ovisi o predznaku magnetskog polja. Magneti međusobno djeluju silom jedni na druge, a to međudjelovanje se dade opisati odbijanjem istoimenih polova i privlačenjem raznoimenih polova. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Svojstva">Svojstva</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Svojstva" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Svojstva"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Osim <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">prirodnih magneta</a>, postoje i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umjetni_magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Umjetni magnet (stranica ne postoji)">umjetni magneti</a>, koji se dijele na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stalni_magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stalni magnet (stranica ne postoji)">stalne magnete</a> i <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">elektromagnete</a>. Stalni magneti izrađuju se od posebnih željeznih <a href="/wiki/Legura" title="Legura">legura</a> (tzv. tvrdih feromagnetskih materijala) i trajno zadržavaju magnetska svojstva. Uz stalne magnete postoje i elektromagneti (zavojnice s jezgrom od mekog željeza), koji su magneti samo dok kroz njihovu zavojnicu teče <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električna struja</a>. </p><p>Ako se magnet u obliku tankog štapa objesi tako da se može slobodno vrtjeti u horizontalnoj ravnini, magnetski štap će se okrenuti tako da jednim krajem pokazuje približno prema <a href="/wiki/Sjever" title="Sjever">sjeveru</a>. Taj kraj se naziva sjevernim polom magnetskog štapa i označava se slovom N (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng</a>. <i>north</i>). Drugi je kraj okrenut prema <a href="/wiki/Jug" title="Jug">jugu</a> pa se označava slovom S (eng. <i>south</i>). Približi li se sjeverni pol jednog magneta sjevernom polu slobodno obješene magnetne igle, oni će se međusobno udaljavati. Slično se događa i za južne polove. Naprotiv, sjeverni pol magneta privlači južni pol magnetske igle i obrnuto. Poslijedica međudjelovanja magneta je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetska_sila&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetska sila (stranica ne postoji)">magnetska sila</a> koja može biti odbojna i privlačna. U blizini polova magneta magnetske sile su najjače. Peregrinusovim pokusom se može zaključiti da se magnet sastoji od velikog broja malih, elementarnih magneta koji tvore nizove, a na krajevima imaju slobodne polove N i S. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dijamagnetizam">Dijamagnetizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Dijamagnetizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dijamagnetizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Dijamagnetizam" title="Dijamagnetizam">Dijamagnetizam</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Dijamagnetizam</b> je svojstvo mnogih <a href="/wiki/Kemijski_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemijski element">kemijskih elemenata</a> (npr. <a href="/wiki/Zlato" title="Zlato">zlata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Srebro" title="Srebro">srebra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cink" title="Cink">cinka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silicij" title="Silicij">silicija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">fosfora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plemeniti_plinovi" class="mw-redirect" title="Plemeniti plinovi">plemenitih plinova</a>) i većine <a href="/wiki/Organska_kemija" class="mw-redirect" title="Organska kemija">organskih spojeva</a>, koje obilježava slaba <a href="/wiki/Magnetska_permeabilnost" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetska permeabilnost">magnetska permeabilnost</a>. To su dijamagnetici, njihova je relativna magnetska permeabilnost manja od 1 i gotovo ne ovisi o <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperaturi</a>. Kod tih se tvari vanjsko <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">magnetsko polje</a> neutralizira poljem koje stvara kružno gibanje <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektrona</a>, takozvana <b>Larmorova precesija</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Larmor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Larmor (stranica ne postoji)">Joseph Larmor</a>), pa je zbog toga gustoća <a href="/wiki/Magnetski_tok" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetski tok">magnetskoga toka</a> zapravo manja od gustoće toka u vanjskome magnetskome polju. <b>Anomalni dijamagnetici</b>, na primjer <a href="/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit">grafit</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut">bizmut</a>, imaju većinu svojstava dijamagnetičnih tvari, ali im je magnetska permeabilnost 10 do 100 puta veća od permeabilnosti ostalih dijamagnetika i na niskim temperaturama ovisi o temperaturi. Kod svih dijamagnetičnih tvari <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">magnetsko polje</a> prolazi gotovo nedeformirano (strogo uzevši samo za magnetsku permeabilnost 1), pa se te tvari u makroskopskim uvjetima očituju kao "nemagnetične" (ne privlači ih magnet). Dijamagnetska svojstva pokazuju i tvari kod kojih se javlja <a href="/wiki/Supravodljivost" class="mw-redirect" title="Supravodljivost">supravodljivost</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paramagnetizam">Paramagnetizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Paramagnetizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Paramagnetizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Paramagnetizam" title="Paramagnetizam">Paramagnetizam</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Paramagnetizam</b> je svojstvo mnogih tvari, kemijskih elemenata (na primjer <a href="/wiki/Aluminij" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminij">aluminija</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kisik" class="mw-redirect" title="Kisik">kisika</a>) i kemijskih spojeva, koje obilježava relativna magnetska permeabilnost nešto veća od 1. To je u prirodi najčešći oblik magnetizma. Paramagnetične tvari u magnetskom polju dobivaju slab dodatni <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_induktivitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni induktivitet">inducirani</a> magnetizam istoga smjera kao i polje, koji nastaje djelomičnim usmjeravanjem atomskih <a href="/wiki/Magnetski_moment" title="Magnetski moment">magnetskih momenata</a> i veći je na nižoj temperaturi. U paramagnetskom stanju magnetski momenti <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atoma</a> slabo međusobno djeluju i nisu kolektivno uređeni. I te tvari ne pokazuju makroskopsku "magnetičnost", ali se, na primjer, kuglica od aluminija pri padu kroz jako polje potkovasta magneta usporava. Kod njih se zbog toplinskoga gibanja atoma ili <a href="/wiki/Ion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion">iona</a> stalno mijenjaju smjerovi rezultantnih magnetskih momenata tako da je ukupni magnetski moment jednak nuli iako su im rezultantni magnetski momenti različiti od nule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feromagnetizam">Feromagnetizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Feromagnetizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Feromagnetizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Feromagnetizam" title="Feromagnetizam">Feromagnetizam</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Feromagnetizam</b> je svojstvo karakteristično za <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikal">nikal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobalt</a> i <a href="/wiki/Gadolinij" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadolinij">gadolinij</a>, za njihove međusobne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slitine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Slitine (stranica ne postoji)">slitine</a> i neke spojeve s drugim elementima, a samo za malen broj tvari u kojima se ta četiri elementa ne pojavljuju. Feromagnetične tvari imaju izrazitu relativnu magnetsku permeabilnost, znatno veću od 1 (od 1000 do 10 000). Feromagnetizam nastaje kao posljedica jakih međudjelovanja (interakcija) magnetskih momenata atoma, zbog čega nastaje kolektivno magnetsko uređenje, takozvana <b>spontana magnetizacija</b>, koja se s porastom temperature smanjuje. Zbog toga feromagnetične tvari pokazuju jaku "magnetičnost", u vanjskome magnetskome polju postaju inducirani magneti koje zatim to polje privlači. To inducirano polje mogu zadržati neko vrijeme, pa i stalno. </p><p>Osobito je važna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Curieva_temperatura&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Curieva temperatura (stranica ne postoji)">Curieva točka</a>, tj. granična temperatura iznad koje te tvari gube feromagnetična svojstva i postaju paramagnetici (za <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezo</a> 758 <a href="/wiki/Celzij" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzij">°C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikal">nikal</a> 360&#160;°C, <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobalt</a> 1075&#160;°C, <a href="/wiki/Gadolinij" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadolinij">gadolinij</a> 16&#160;°C). <a href="/wiki/Hla%C4%91enje" title="Hlađenje">Hlađenjem</a> na temperaturu nižu od Curiejeve ponovno nastaje feromagnetsko stanje. Feromagnetične tvari imaju više ili manje izražen takozvani remanentni magnetizam ili <b>zaostali magnetizam</b>: ako ih se dovede u <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">magnetsko polje</a> i zatim djelovanje polja ukloni, njihova magnetizacija ne iščezne potpuno (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Histereza&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Histereza (stranica ne postoji)">histereza</a>). Tako se od tvari s velikim remanentnim magnetizmom dobivaju jaki stalni ili permanentni magneti. Posebnu skupinu feromagnetičnih materijala čine tvari poznate pod nazivom <a href="/wiki/Ferit_(magnet)" title="Ferit (magnet)">ferit</a>. </p><p><b>Antiferomagnetici</b> (npr. <a href="/wiki/Manganov(II)_oksid" class="mw-redirect" title="Manganov(II) oksid">manganov oksid</a>, manganov sulfid, željezni sulfid) su tvari kojima magnetska permeabilnost na kritičnoj temperaturi (slično Curievoj točki) prolazi kroz maksimum. Te su tvari po ostalim magnetskim svojstvima vrlo slične feromagneticima, odnosno iznad takozvane antiferomagnetske Curiejeve točke paramagneticima. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ferimagnetizam">Ferimagnetizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Ferimagnetizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Ferimagnetizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferimagnetizam&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferimagnetizam (stranica ne postoji)">Ferimagnetizam</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Ferimagnetizam</b> je pojava kod koje se <a href="/wiki/Magnetski_moment" title="Magnetski moment">magnetski momenti</a> susjednih <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atoma</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Ion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion">iona</a> u ograničenim područjima <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristala</a> (domena), koja su feromagnetska, međusobno poništavaju, slično nizu permanentnih magneta nasuprotnih orijentacija. Takve tvari, ponajviše <a href="/wiki/Ferit_(magnet)" title="Ferit (magnet)">feriti</a>, odlikuju se velikom <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_otpor" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni otpor">električnom otpornošću</a> koja je uzrokovana prelascima elektrona na granicama domena, a na temperaturama višima od Curieve, kao i feromagnetične, prelaze u paramagnetične tvari. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metamagnetizam">Metamagnetizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Metamagnetizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Metamagnetizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metamagnetizam&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metamagnetizam (stranica ne postoji)">Metamagnetizam</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Metamagnetici</b> pokazuju jaku <a href="/wiki/Anizotropija" title="Anizotropija">anizotropiju</a> magnetskih svojstava; u smjeru su jedne <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristalne</a> osi paramagnetici, a u smjeru druge feromagnetici. Takvih je tvari vrlo malo, na primjer <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobalt</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezo</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kalcijev_klorid" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalcijev klorid">kalcijev klorid</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elektromagnetizam">Elektromagnetizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Uredi odjeljak Elektromagnetizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Elektromagnetizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetizam" title="Elektromagnetizam">Elektromagnetizam</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Elektromagnetizam</b> je pojava <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">magnetskoga polja</a> izazvana promjenama <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dno_polje" title="Električno polje">električnoga polja</a>, odnosno tokom <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električne struje</a>. Tu je pojavu prvi uočio <a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">Michael Faraday</a>, a teoretski razjasnio <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a>. Električno i magnetsko polje usko su povezani i svaka promjena jednog od polja izaziva promjenu drugoga, pa se shvaćaju kao jedinstveno <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektromagnetsko polje">elektromagnetsko polje</a> (elektrodinamika). Ta su dva polja u svakoj točki prostora međusobno okomita. Prema <a href="/wiki/Biot-Savartov_zakon" title="Biot-Savartov zakon">Biot-Savartovu zakonu</a> svi djelići (duljine <i>ds</i>) nekog <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_vodi%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni vodič">električnog vodiča</a> kojim teče <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električna struja</a> (<i>i</i>) stvaraju u točki na udaljenosti (<i>r</i>) <a href="/wiki/Magnetsko_polje" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetsko polje">magnetsko polje</a> jakosti (<i>H</i>), koje je određeno jednakošću: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {H} ={\frac {i}{c}}\int {\frac {d\mathbf {s} \times \mathbf {\hat {r}} }{|\mathbf {r} |^{3}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">H</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>&#x222B;<!-- ∫ --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> <mo>&#x00D7;<!-- × --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="bold">r</mi> <mo mathvariant="bold" stretchy="false">&#x005E;<!-- ^ --></mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">r</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {H} ={\frac {i}{c}}\int {\frac {d\mathbf {s} \times \mathbf {\hat {r}} }{|\mathbf {r} |^{3}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7b2ee65c984e4c41d5c83f7377005991100f9f7f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:17.285ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {H} ={\frac {i}{c}}\int {\frac {d\mathbf {s} \times \mathbf {\hat {r}} }{|\mathbf {r} |^{3}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>gdje je <i>c</i> brzina prostiranja magnetskoga polja, to jest <a href="/wiki/Brzina_svjetlosti" title="Brzina svjetlosti">brzina svjetlosti</a>. S pomoću te jednakosti može se izračunati jakost magnetskoga polja u svakoj točki prostora bilo kako oblikovanoga vodiča struje (elektrodinamičko djelovanje). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Uredi odjeljak Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41378145">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b>magnet</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=38033">[1]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b>magnetizam</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr//natuknica.aspx?ID=38035">[2]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2014.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezano">Povezano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Uredi odjeljak Povezano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnet&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezano"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam">Magnetizam</a></li></ul> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Magnets" title="commons:Category:Magnets"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Magnets" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Magnets">Magnet</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7d588db968‐5hmv6 Cached time: 20241105100542 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.087 seconds Real time usage: 0.153 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 537/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2003/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 324/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2033/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.003/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 601346/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 48.549 1 -total 58.32% 28.313 1 Šablon:Izvori 23.82% 11.566 2 Šablon:En 9.91% 4.812 7 Šablon:Glavni 5.02% 2.435 1 Šablon:Main_other 2.40% 1.164 2 Šablon:Languageicon 1.88% 0.915 1 Šablon:Commonscat --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key shwiki:pcache:idhash:84227-0!canonical!sh-latn and timestamp 20241105100542 and revision id 42171642. 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