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is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <nav class="pagination is-small is-centered breathe-horizontal" role="navigation" aria-label="pagination"> <a href="" class="pagination-previous is-invisible">Previous </a> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=50" class="pagination-next" >Next </a> <ul class="pagination-list"> <li> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=0" class="pagination-link is-current" aria-label="Goto page 1">1 </a> </li> <li> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=50" class="pagination-link " aria-label="Page 2" aria-current="page">2 </a> </li> <li> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=100" class="pagination-link " aria-label="Page 3" aria-current="page">3 </a> </li> <li> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=150" class="pagination-link " aria-label="Page 4" aria-current="page">4 </a> </li> <li> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=200" class="pagination-link " aria-label="Page 5" aria-current="page">5 </a> </li> <li> <a href="/search/?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H&start=250" class="pagination-link " aria-label="Page 6" aria-current="page">6 </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.18027">arXiv:2502.18027</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.18027">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2502.18027">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Water Cherenkov detectors with fiber enhanced PMT for cosmic ray observation </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">H. Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Z">Z. Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+B">B. Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+D">D. Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ji%2C+S">S. Ji</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng%2C+C">C. Feng</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.18027v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Water Cherenkov detectors (WCDs) have been widely used in cosmic ray observations. This paper presents, for the first time, a cost-effective WCD design integrating a small photomultiplier tube (PMT) with wavelength-shifting fiber (WLS fiber) bundles. A WCD prototype was constructed in our laboratory, utilizing a fiber-PMT photosensor composed of a small PMT optically coupled with a WLS fiber bundl… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.18027v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2502.18027v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.18027v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Water Cherenkov detectors (WCDs) have been widely used in cosmic ray observations. This paper presents, for the first time, a cost-effective WCD design integrating a small photomultiplier tube (PMT) with wavelength-shifting fiber (WLS fiber) bundles. A WCD prototype was constructed in our laboratory, utilizing a fiber-PMT photosensor composed of a small PMT optically coupled with a WLS fiber bundle. This work details the structure of the fiber-PMT and the WCD. Measurements show the photosensor's time shift is 6.71 ns. Using cosmic ray muons, the WCD prototype demonstrated a light yield up to 30 photoelectrons with 2.3 ns time resolution under optimal conditions. Furthermore, tests under different trigger configurations indicate good performance uniformity. These findings validate the feasibility of the proposed design. A comparative analysis between a WCD using a standalone PMT and one equipped with the fiber-PMT shows that the fiber-PMT achieves nearly a 200\% improvement in light yield, albeit with a slight reduction in time performance. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.18027v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2502.18027v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 25 February, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2025. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">12 pages,25 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.13190">arXiv:2502.13190</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.13190">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Fluid Dynamics">physics.flu-dyn</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Application of machine learning algorithm in temperature field reconstruction </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=He%2C+Q">Qianyu He</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Huaiwei Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Y">Yubo Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=You%2C+Z">Zhiwen You</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zheng%2C+Q">Qiming Zheng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yinghan Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu%2C+S">Sipeng Zhu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+F">Fengyu Wang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.13190v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> This study focuses on the stratification patterns and dynamic evolution of reservoir water temperatures, aiming to estimate and reconstruct the temperature field using limited and noisy local measurement data. Due to complex measurement environments and technical limitations, obtaining complete temperature information for reservoirs is highly challenging. Therefore, accurately reconstructing the t… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.13190v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2502.13190v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.13190v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> This study focuses on the stratification patterns and dynamic evolution of reservoir water temperatures, aiming to estimate and reconstruct the temperature field using limited and noisy local measurement data. Due to complex measurement environments and technical limitations, obtaining complete temperature information for reservoirs is highly challenging. Therefore, accurately reconstructing the temperature field from a small number of local data points has become a critical scientific issue. To address this, the study employs Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and sparse representation methods to reconstruct the temperature field based on temperature data from a limited number of local measurement points. The results indicate that satisfactory reconstruction can be achieved when the number of POD basis functions is set to 2 and the number of measurement points is 10. Under different water intake depths, the reconstruction errors of both POD and sparse representation methods remain stable at around 0.15, fully validating the effectiveness of these methods in reconstructing the temperature field based on limited local temperature data. Additionally, the study further explores the distribution characteristics of reconstruction errors for POD and sparse representation methods under different water level intervals, analyzing the optimal measurement point layout scheme and potential limitations of the reconstruction methods in this case. This research not only effectively reduces measurement costs and computational resource consumption but also provides a new technical approach for reservoir temperature analysis, holding significant theoretical and practical importance. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.13190v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2502.13190v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 18 February, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2025. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.00188">arXiv:2502.00188</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.00188">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2502.00188">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Nuclear Experiment">nucl-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atomic Physics">physics.atom-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Dynamics of Magnetic Evaporative Beamline Cooling for Preparation of Cold Atomic Beams </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Esfahani%2C+A+A">A. Ashtari Esfahani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bhagvati%2C+S">S. Bhagvati</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=B%C3%B6ser%2C+S">S. B枚ser</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brandsema%2C+M+J">M. J. Brandsema</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cabral%2C+R">R. Cabral</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chirayath%2C+V+A">V. A. Chirayath</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Claessens%2C+C">C. Claessens</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Coward%2C+N">N. Coward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+Viveiros%2C+L">L. de Viveiros</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Doe%2C+P+J">P. J. Doe</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Elliott%2C+M+G">M. G. Elliott</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Enomoto%2C+S">S. Enomoto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fertl%2C+M">M. Fertl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Formaggio%2C+J+A">J. A. Formaggio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Foust%2C+B+T">B. T. Foust</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gaison%2C+J+K">J. K. Gaison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Harmston%2C+P">P. Harmston</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Heeger%2C+K+M">K. M. Heeger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jones%2C+B+J+P">B. J. P. Jones</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Karim%2C+E">E. Karim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kazkaz%2C+K">K. Kazkaz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kolbeck%2C+P+T">P. T. Kolbeck</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+M">M. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lindman%2C+A">A. Lindman</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+C+Y">C. Y. Liu</a> , et al. (33 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.00188v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The most sensitive direct neutrino mass searches today are based on measurement of the endpoint of the beta spectrum of tritium to infer limits on the mass of the unobserved recoiling neutrino. To avoid the smearing associated with the distribution of molecular final states in the T-He molecule, the next generation of these experiments will need to employ atomic (T) rather than molecular (T$_{2}$)… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.00188v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2502.00188v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.00188v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The most sensitive direct neutrino mass searches today are based on measurement of the endpoint of the beta spectrum of tritium to infer limits on the mass of the unobserved recoiling neutrino. To avoid the smearing associated with the distribution of molecular final states in the T-He molecule, the next generation of these experiments will need to employ atomic (T) rather than molecular (T$_{2}$) tritium sources. Following production, atomic T can be trapped in gravitational and / or magnetic bottles for beta spectrum experiments, if and only if it can first be cooled to millikelvin temperatures. Accomplishing this cooling presents substantial technological challenges. The Project 8 collaboration is developing a technique based on magnetic evaporative cooling along a beamline (MECB) for the purpose of cooling T to feed a magneto-gravitational trap that also serves as a cyclotron radiation emission spectroscope. Initial tests of the approach are planned in a pathfinder apparatus using atomic Li. This paper presents a method for analyzing the dynamics of the MECB technique, and applies these calculations to the design of systems for cooling and slowing of atomic Li and T. A scheme is outlined that could provide a current of T at the millikelvin temperatures required for the Project 8 neutrino mass search. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.00188v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2502.00188v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 31 January, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2025. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11348">arXiv:2501.11348</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.11348">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adp6905">10.1126/sciadv.adp6905 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Ultra-sensitive integrated circuit sensors based on high-order nonHermitian topological physics </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Deng%2C+W">Wenyuan Deng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu%2C+W">Wei Zhu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+T">Tian Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Houjun Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+X">Xiangdong Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2501.11348v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> High-precision sensors are of fundamental importance in modern society and technology.Although numerous sensors have been developed, obtaining sensors with higher levels of sensitivity and stronger robustness has always been expected. Here, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a novel class of sensors with superior performances based on exotic properties of highorder non-Hermiti… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2501.11348v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2501.11348v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2501.11348v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> High-precision sensors are of fundamental importance in modern society and technology.Although numerous sensors have been developed, obtaining sensors with higher levels of sensitivity and stronger robustness has always been expected. Here, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a novel class of sensors with superior performances based on exotic properties of highorder non-Hermitian topological physics. The frequency shift induced by perturbations for these sensors can show an exponential growth with respect to the size of the device, which can well beyond the limitations of conventional sensors. The fully integrated circuit chips have been designed and fabricated in a standard 65nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor process technology. The sensitivity of systems not only less than 0.001fF has been experimentally verified, they are also robust against disorders.Our proposed ultra-sensitive integrated circuit sensors can possess a wide range of applications in various fields and show an exciting prospect for next-generation sensing technologies. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2501.11348v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2501.11348v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 11 February, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 20 January, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2025. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">The missing references have been added</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Sci. Adv. 10, eadp6905 (2024) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09322">arXiv:2501.09322</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.09322">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Laser optothermal nanobomb for efficient flattening of nanobubbles in van der Waals materials </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+J">Jia-Tai Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai%2C+B">Benfeng Bai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+H">Hong-Ren Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng%2C+P">Peng-Yi Feng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+J">Jian-Yu Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Han%2C+Y">Yu-Xiao Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+X">Xiao-Jie Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhou%2C+H">Hong-Wei Zhou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chai%2C+Y">Yuan Chai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Y">Yi Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+G">Guan-Yao Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hong-Bo Sun</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2501.09322v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Nanobubbles are typical nanodefects commonly existing in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials such as transition metal dioxides, especially after their transfer from growth substrate to target substrates. These nanobubbles, though tiny, may significantly alter the local electric, optoelectronic, thermal, or mechanical properties of 2D materials and therefore are rather detrimental to the c… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2501.09322v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2501.09322v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2501.09322v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Nanobubbles are typical nanodefects commonly existing in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials such as transition metal dioxides, especially after their transfer from growth substrate to target substrates. These nanobubbles, though tiny, may significantly alter the local electric, optoelectronic, thermal, or mechanical properties of 2D materials and therefore are rather detrimental to the constructed devices. However, there is no post-processing method so far that can effectively eliminate nanobubbles in 2D materials after their fabrication and transfer, which has been a major obstacle in the development of 2D material based devices. Here, we propose a principle, called laser optothermal nanobomb (LOTB), that can effectively flatten nanobubbles in 2D materials through a dynamic process of optothermally induced phase transition and stress-pulling effect in nanobubbles. Operation of LOTB on monolayer molybdenum disulfide (1L-MoS2) films shows that the surface roughness can be reduced by more than 70% on a time scale of ~50 ms, without damage to the intrinsic property of 1L-MoS2 as validated by micro-nano photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, a dual-beam cascaded LOTB and a multi-shot LOTB strategies are proposed to increase the flattened area and processing effect, showing the potential of LOTB for fast nanodefect repairing in the mass production of van der Waals materials and devices. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2501.09322v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2501.09322v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 16 January, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2025. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">20 pages, 4 figures, research article</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.20153">arXiv:2412.20153</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.20153">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Back-Scattering Suppression for Broad-Spectral High-Absorption Silicon Extended Area Blackbody </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhou%2C+H">HongShuai Zhou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+J">JinHao Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai%2C+B">BenFeng Bai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mei%2C+X">XiRan Mei</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+K">KunPeng Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hao%2C+X">XiaoPeng Hao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song%2C+J">Jian Song</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guo%2C+G">GuoRui Guo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+J">JiaLin Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tian%2C+T">Tian Tian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shen%2C+W">WanJie Shen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhong%2C+Z">ZiHeng Zhong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+J">JiaYao Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+J">JiHong Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">HongBo Sun</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.20153v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The stability and emissivity of the online calibration blackbody used in high-precision infrared remote sensing detectors in extreme environments are the primary limiting factors for their measurement accuracy. Due to the limitations of microstructure size effects, traditional calibration extended area blackbody cannot achieve an optimal balance between emissivity and stability, thus hindering fur… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.20153v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.20153v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.20153v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The stability and emissivity of the online calibration blackbody used in high-precision infrared remote sensing detectors in extreme environments are the primary limiting factors for their measurement accuracy. Due to the limitations of microstructure size effects, traditional calibration extended area blackbody cannot achieve an optimal balance between emissivity and stability, thus hindering further improvement in infrared remote sensing accuracy. This work proposes a new method that utilize suppressing near-field backscattering to control far-field reflectance. Specifically, through simultaneously reducing backscattering intensity and the backscattering solid angle, the reflectance is significantly reduced to an extremely low limit, which is validated through numerical simulations. Additionally, by combining the femtosecond laser self-convergent processing technique, the spontaneous energy negative feedback mechanism during femtosecond laser processing is utilized to achieve the fabrication of a high emissivity, thermally stable, mechanically stable, and highly uniform extended area blackbody. The blackbody fabricated using this technique can be applied for online calibration in various extreme environments, significantly improving measurement accuracy and service life. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.20153v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.20153v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.18239">arXiv:2412.18239</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.18239">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2412.18239">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics">physics.ao-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> OMG-HD: A High-Resolution AI Weather Model for End-to-End Forecasts from Observations </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+P">Pengcheng Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bian%2C+J">Jiang Bian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ni%2C+Z">Zekun Ni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jin%2C+W">Weixin Jin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Weyn%2C+J">Jonathan Weyn</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fang%2C+Z">Zuliang Fang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xiang%2C+S">Siqi Xiang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dong%2C+H">Haiyu Dong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+B">Bin Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hongyu Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thambiratnam%2C+K">Kit Thambiratnam</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+Q">Qi Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.18239v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In recent years, Artificial Intelligence Weather Prediction (AIWP) models have achieved performance comparable to, or even surpassing, traditional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models by leveraging reanalysis data. However, a less-explored approach involves training AIWP models directly on observational data, enhancing computational efficiency and improving forecast accuracy by reducing the u… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.18239v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.18239v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.18239v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In recent years, Artificial Intelligence Weather Prediction (AIWP) models have achieved performance comparable to, or even surpassing, traditional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models by leveraging reanalysis data. However, a less-explored approach involves training AIWP models directly on observational data, enhancing computational efficiency and improving forecast accuracy by reducing the uncertainties introduced through data assimilation processes. In this study, we propose OMG-HD, a novel AI-based regional high-resolution weather forecasting model designed to make predictions directly from observational data sources, including surface stations, radar, and satellite, thereby removing the need for operational data assimilation. Our evaluation shows that OMG-HD outperforms both the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)'s high-resolution operational forecasting system, IFS-HRES, and the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model at lead times of up to 12 hours across the contiguous United States (CONUS) region. We achieve up to a 13% improvement on RMSE for 2-meter temperature, 17% on 10-meter wind speed, 48% on 2-meter specific humidity, and 32% on surface pressure compared to HRRR. Our method shows that it is possible to use AI-driven approaches for rapid weather predictions without relying on NWP-derived weather fields as model input. This is a promising step towards using observational data directly to make operational forecasts with AIWP models. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.18239v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.18239v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 24 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.12624">arXiv:2412.12624</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.12624">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2412.12624">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chemical Physics">physics.chem-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Control of open quantum systems: Manipulation of a qubit coupled to a thermal bath by an external driving field </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haoran Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galperin%2C+M">Michael Galperin</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.12624v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Fast and reliable manipulation with qubits is fundamental for any quantum technology. The implementation of these manipulations in physical systems is the focus of studies involving optimal control theory. Realistic physical devices are open quantum systems. So far, studies in optimal control theory have primarily utilized the Redfield/Lindblad quantum master equation to simulate the dynamics of s… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.12624v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.12624v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.12624v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Fast and reliable manipulation with qubits is fundamental for any quantum technology. The implementation of these manipulations in physical systems is the focus of studies involving optimal control theory. Realistic physical devices are open quantum systems. So far, studies in optimal control theory have primarily utilized the Redfield/Lindblad quantum master equation to simulate the dynamics of such systems. However, this Markov description is not always sufficient. Here, we present a study of qubit control utilizing the nonequilibrium Green's function method. We compare the traditional master equation with more general Green's function results and demonstrate that even in the parameter regime suitable for the application of the Redfield/Lindblad approach, the two methods yield drastically different results when addressing evolution involving mixed states. In particular, we find that, in addition to predicting different optimal driving profiles, a more accurate description of system evolution enables the system to reach the desired final state much more quickly. We argue that the primary reason for this is the significance of the non-Markov description of driven system dynamics due to the effect of time-dependent driving on dissipation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.12624v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.12624v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 17 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">10 pages, 5 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.10931">arXiv:2412.10931</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.10931">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2412.10931">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chemical Physics">physics.chem-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c03597">10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c03597 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Two-dimensional spectroscopy of open quantum systems </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haoran Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Harbola%2C+U">Upendra Harbola</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mukamel%2C+S">Shaul Mukamel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galperin%2C+M">Michael Galperin</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.10931v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Two-dimensional spectroscopy is discussed for open quantum systems with multiple simultaneously measurable fluxes. In particular, we discuss a junction where optical measurements of photon flux are complemented with simultaneous transport measurements of electron currents. Theory of two-dimensional spectroscopy in both fluxes is developed employing non-self-consistent nonequilibrium Green's functi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.10931v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.10931v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.10931v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Two-dimensional spectroscopy is discussed for open quantum systems with multiple simultaneously measurable fluxes. In particular, we discuss a junction where optical measurements of photon flux are complemented with simultaneous transport measurements of electron currents. Theory of two-dimensional spectroscopy in both fluxes is developed employing non-self-consistent nonequilibrium Green's function formulation. Theoretical derivations are illustrated with numerical simulations within generic junction model. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.10931v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.10931v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">10 pages, 6 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 16, 2008-2015 (2025) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.10929">arXiv:2412.10929</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.10929">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2412.10929">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chemical Physics">physics.chem-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0253434">10.1063/5.0253434 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Nonlinear optical spectroscopy of open quantum systems </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haoran Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Harbola%2C+U">Upendra Harbola</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mukamel%2C+S">Shaul Mukamel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galperin%2C+M">Michael Galperin</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.10929v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Development of experimental techniques at nanoscale resulted in ability to perform spectroscopic measurements on single-molecule current carrying junctions. These experiments are natural meeting point for research fields of optical spectroscopy and molecular electronics. We present a pedagogical comparison between perturbation theory expansion of standard nonlinear optical spectroscopy and (non-se… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.10929v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.10929v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.10929v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Development of experimental techniques at nanoscale resulted in ability to perform spectroscopic measurements on single-molecule current carrying junctions. These experiments are natural meeting point for research fields of optical spectroscopy and molecular electronics. We present a pedagogical comparison between perturbation theory expansion of standard nonlinear optical spectroscopy and (non-self-consistent) perturbative diagrammatic formulation of the nonequilibrium Green's functions method (NEGF is widely used in molecular electronics) indicating their similarities and differences. Comparing the two approaches we argue that optical spectroscopy of open quantum systems has to be analyzed within the more general Green's function formulation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.10929v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.10929v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">12 pages, 8 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> J. Chem. Phys. 162, 074108 (2025) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.03970">arXiv:2412.03970</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.03970">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2412.03970">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computational Physics">physics.comp-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A Data-Driven Framework for Discovering Fractional Differential Equations in Complex Systems </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+X">Xiangnan Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu%2C+H">Hao Xu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mao%2C+Z">Zhiping Mao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">HongGuang Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+Y">Yong Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+D">Dongxiao Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+Y">Yuntian Chen</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.03970v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In complex physical systems, conventional differential equations often fall short in capturing non-local and memory effects, as they are limited to local dynamics and integer-order interactions. This study introduces a stepwise data-driven framework for discovering fractional differential equations (FDEs) directly from data. FDEs, known for their capacity to model non-local dynamics with fewer par… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.03970v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.03970v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.03970v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In complex physical systems, conventional differential equations often fall short in capturing non-local and memory effects, as they are limited to local dynamics and integer-order interactions. This study introduces a stepwise data-driven framework for discovering fractional differential equations (FDEs) directly from data. FDEs, known for their capacity to model non-local dynamics with fewer parameters than integer-order derivatives, can represent complex systems with long-range interactions. Our framework applies deep neural networks as surrogate models for denoising and reconstructing sparse and noisy observations while using Gaussian-Jacobi quadrature to handle the challenges posed by singularities in fractional derivatives. To optimize both the sparse coefficients and fractional order, we employ an alternating optimization approach that combines sparse regression with global optimization techniques. We validate the framework across various datasets, including synthetic anomalous diffusion data, experimental data on the creep behavior of frozen soils, and single-particle trajectories modeled by L茅vy motion. Results demonstrate the framework's robustness in identifying the structure of FDEs across diverse noise levels and its capacity to capture integer-order dynamics, offering a flexible approach for modeling memory effects in complex systems. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.03970v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.03970v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.01327">arXiv:2412.01327</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.01327">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2412.01327">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Fluid Dynamics">physics.flu-dyn</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Compression-thinning behavior of bubble suspensions </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hu Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fu%2C+Q">Qingfei Fu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xie%2C+C">Chiyu Xie</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ji%2C+B">Bingqiang Ji</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yang%2C+L">Lijun Yang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.01327v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Rheology of bubble suspensions is critical for the prediction and control of bubbly flows in a wide range of industrial processes. It is well-known that the bubble suspension exhibits a shear-thinning behavior due to the bubble shape deformation under pure shear, but how the shear rheology response to dilatation remains unexplored. Here, we report a compression-thinning behavior that the bubble su… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.01327v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2412.01327v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2412.01327v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Rheology of bubble suspensions is critical for the prediction and control of bubbly flows in a wide range of industrial processes. It is well-known that the bubble suspension exhibits a shear-thinning behavior due to the bubble shape deformation under pure shear, but how the shear rheology response to dilatation remains unexplored. Here, we report a compression-thinning behavior that the bubble suspension exhibits a decreasing shear viscosity upon compressing. This peculiar rheological behavior is microscopically due to that a shrinking bubble surface effectively weakens the flow resistance of the surrounding liquid. We theoretically propose a constitutive equation for dilute bubble suspensions considering both shear and dilatation effects, and demonstrate that the contribution of dilatation effect on the shear viscosity can be significant at a changing pressure. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2412.01327v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2412.01327v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 2 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.19559">arXiv:2411.19559</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.19559">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Medical Physics">physics.med-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Artifact Correction in Magnetic Resonance Temperature Imaging for Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy with Multi-echo Acquisitions </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pan%2C+Z">Ziyi Pan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jiang%2C+Y">Yuancheng Jiang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lv%2C+W">Wenbo Lv</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+S">Sisi Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Han%2C+M">Meng Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kuang%2C+Y">Yawei Kuang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+X">Xiu Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai%2C+J">Jianjun Bai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+W">Wenbo Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+G">Guangzhi Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guo%2C+H">Hua Guo</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2411.19559v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In MRI-guided laser interstitial thermotherapy (MRgLITT), a signal void sometimes appears at the heating center of the measured temperature map. In neurosurgical MRgLITT treatments, cerebrospinal fluid pulsation (CSF), which may lead to temperature artifacts, also needs to be carefully managed. We find that signal loss in MR magnitude images can be one distinct contributor to the temperature imagi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2411.19559v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2411.19559v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2411.19559v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In MRI-guided laser interstitial thermotherapy (MRgLITT), a signal void sometimes appears at the heating center of the measured temperature map. In neurosurgical MRgLITT treatments, cerebrospinal fluid pulsation (CSF), which may lead to temperature artifacts, also needs to be carefully managed. We find that signal loss in MR magnitude images can be one distinct contributor to the temperature imaging signal void. Therefore, this study aims to investigate this finding and more importantly. Also, this study intends to improve measurement accuracy by correcting CSF-induced temperature errors and employing a more reliable phase unwrapping algorithm. A gradient echo sequence with certain TE values for temperature imaging is used to quantify T2* variations during MRgLITT and to investigate the development of signal voids throughout the treatment. Informed by these findings, a multi-echo GRE sequence with appropriate TE coverage is employed. A multi-echo-based correction algorithm is developed to address the signal loss-induced temperature errors. A new phase unwrapping method and a new CSF pulsation correction approach are developed for multi-echo signal processing. The temperature imaging method is evaluated by gel phantom, ex-vivo, and in-vivo LITT heating experiments. T2* shortening during heating can be one important cause of the temperate imaging signal voids and this demands the multi-echo acquisition with varied TE values. The proposed multi-echo-based method can effectively correct signal loss-induced temperature errors and raise temperature estimation precision. The multi-echo thermometry in the in-vivo experiments shows smoother hotspot boundaries, fewer artifacts, and improved thermometry reliability. In the in-vivo experiments, the ablation areas estimated from the multi-echo thermometry also show satisfactory agreement with those determined from post-ablation MR imaging. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2411.19559v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2411.19559v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 November, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">10 figures + tables, 7 supplementary figures + tables</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.16807">arXiv:2411.16807</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.16807">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2411.16807">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics">physics.ao-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> ADAF: An Artificial Intelligence Data Assimilation Framework for Weather Forecasting </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xiang%2C+Y">Yanfei Xiang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jin%2C+W">Weixin Jin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dong%2C+H">Haiyu Dong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai%2C+M">Mingliang Bai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fang%2C+Z">Zuliang Fang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+P">Pengcheng Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hongyu Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thambiratnam%2C+K">Kit Thambiratnam</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+Q">Qi Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+X">Xiaomeng Huang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2411.16807v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The forecasting skill of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models critically depends on the accurate initial conditions, also known as analysis, provided by data assimilation (DA). Traditional DA methods often face a trade-off between computational cost and accuracy due to complex linear algebra computations and the high dimensionality of the model, especially in nonlinear systems. Moreover, proc… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2411.16807v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2411.16807v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2411.16807v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The forecasting skill of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models critically depends on the accurate initial conditions, also known as analysis, provided by data assimilation (DA). Traditional DA methods often face a trade-off between computational cost and accuracy due to complex linear algebra computations and the high dimensionality of the model, especially in nonlinear systems. Moreover, processing massive data in real-time requires substantial computational resources. To address this, we introduce an artificial intelligence-based data assimilation framework (ADAF) to generate high-quality kilometer-scale analysis. This study is the pioneering work using real-world observations from varied locations and multiple sources to verify the AI method's efficacy in DA, including sparse surface weather observations and satellite imagery. We implemented ADAF for four near-surface variables in the Contiguous United States (CONUS). The results indicate that ADAF surpasses the High Resolution Rapid Refresh Data Assimilation System (HRRRDAS) in accuracy by 16% to 33% for near-surface atmospheric conditions, aligning more closely with actual observations, and can effectively reconstruct extreme events, such as tropical cyclone wind fields. Sensitivity experiments reveal that ADAF can generate high-quality analysis even with low-accuracy backgrounds and extremely sparse surface observations. ADAF can assimilate massive observations within a three-hour window at low computational cost, taking about two seconds on an AMD MI200 graphics processing unit (GPU). ADAF has been shown to be efficient and effective in real-world DA, underscoring its potential role in operational weather forecasting. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2411.16807v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2411.16807v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 25 November, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">29 pages, 15 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.23659">arXiv:2410.23659</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.23659">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> SUANPAN: Scalable Photonic Linear Vector Machine </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yang%2C+Z">Ziyue Yang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+C">Chen Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ran%2C+Y">Yuqia Ran</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Y">Yongzhuo Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng%2C+X">Xue Feng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cui%2C+K">Kaiyu Cui</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+F">Fang Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+W">Wei Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ye%2C+Y">Yu Ye</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Qiao%2C+F">Fei Qiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ning%2C+C">Cun-Zheng Ning</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+J">Jiaxing Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chang-Hasnain%2C+C+J">Connie J. Chang-Hasnain</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yidong Huang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.23659v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Photonic linear operation is a promising approach to handle the extensive vector multiplications in artificial intelligence techniques due to the natural bosonic parallelism and high-speed information transmission of photonics. Although it is believed that maximizing the interaction of the light beams is necessary to fully utilize the parallelism and tremendous efforts have been made in past decad… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.23659v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2410.23659v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.23659v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Photonic linear operation is a promising approach to handle the extensive vector multiplications in artificial intelligence techniques due to the natural bosonic parallelism and high-speed information transmission of photonics. Although it is believed that maximizing the interaction of the light beams is necessary to fully utilize the parallelism and tremendous efforts have been made in past decades, the achieved dimensionality of vector-matrix multiplication is very limited due to the difficulty of scaling up a tightly interconnected or highly coupled optical system. Additionally, there is still a lack of a universal photonic computing architecture that can be readily merged with existing computing system to meet the computing power demand of AI techniques. Here, we propose a programmable and reconfigurable photonic linear vector machine to perform only the inner product of two vectors, formed by a series of independent basic computing units, while each unit is just one pair of light-emitter and photodetector. Since there is no interaction among light beams inside, extreme scalability could be achieved by simply duplicating the independent basic computing unit while there is no requirement of large-scale analog-to-digital converter and digital-to-analog converter arrays. Our architecture is inspired by the traditional Chinese Suanpan or abacus and thus is denoted as photonic SUANPAN. As a proof of principle, SUANPAN architecture is implemented with an 8*8 vertical cavity surface emission laser array and an 8*8 MoTe2 two-dimensional material photodetector array. We believe that our proposed photonic SUANPAN is capable of serving as a fundamental linear vector machine that can be readily merged with existing electronic digital computing system and is potential to enhance the computing power for future various AI applications. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.23659v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2410.23659v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 31 October, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.17653">arXiv:2410.17653</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.17653">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Deterministic formation of carbon-functionalized quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Luo%2C+M">Manlin Luo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ge%2C+J">Junyu Ge</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+P">Pengru Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+Y">Yi Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Seo%2C+I+C">In Cheol Seo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lu%2C+K">Kunze Lu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tan%2C+J+K">Jian Kwang Tan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kim%2C+S">Sejeong Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gao%2C+W">Weibo Gao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+H">Hong Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nam%2C+D">Donguk Nam</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.17653v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Forming single-photon emitters (SPEs) in insulating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has sparked wide interests in the quantum photonics. Despite significant progress, it remains challenging to deterministically create SPEs at precise locations with a specific type of element for creating defects. In this study, we present a straightforward approach to generate site-deterministic carbon-functionalize… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.17653v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2410.17653v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.17653v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Forming single-photon emitters (SPEs) in insulating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has sparked wide interests in the quantum photonics. Despite significant progress, it remains challenging to deterministically create SPEs at precise locations with a specific type of element for creating defects. In this study, we present a straightforward approach to generate site-deterministic carbon-functionalized quantum emitters in hBN by harnessing ultrasonic nanoindentation. The obtained SPEs are high-quality and can be scaled up to large arrays in a single fabrication step. Comprehensive experimental analyses reveal that the insertion of carbon atoms into the hBN lattice is the source of the robust quantum emission. Complementary theoretical studies suggest possible candidates for the structural origin of the defects based on our experimental results. This rapid and scalable nanoindentation method provides a new way to create SPE arrays with specific types of atoms, enabling the comprehensive investigation of the origins and mechanics of SPE formations in two-dimensional (2D) materials and beyond. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.17653v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2410.17653v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 23 October, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.10555">arXiv:2410.10555</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.10555">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2410.10555">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Fluid Dynamics">physics.flu-dyn</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Reducing turbulent transport in tokamaks by combining intrinsic rotation and the low momentum diffusivity regime </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haomin Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ball%2C+J">Justin Ball</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brunner%2C+S">Stephan Brunner</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Field%2C+A">Anthony Field</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Patel%2C+B">Bhavin Patel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kennedy%2C+D">Daniel Kennedy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Roach%2C+C">Colin Roach</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cruz-Zabala%2C+D+J">Diego Jose Cruz-Zabala</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Del+Pozo%2C+F+P">Fernando Puentes Del Pozo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Viezzer%2C+E">Eleonora Viezzer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Munoz%2C+M+G">Manuel Garcia Munoz</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.10555v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Based on the analysis of a large number of high-fidelity nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations, we propose a novel strategy to improve confinement in tokamak plasmas by combining up-down asymmetric flux surface shaping with the Low Momentum Diffusivity (LMD) regime. We show that the intrinsic momentum flux driven by up-down asymmetry creates strong flow shear in the LMD regime that can significantly r… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.10555v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2410.10555v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.10555v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Based on the analysis of a large number of high-fidelity nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations, we propose a novel strategy to improve confinement in tokamak plasmas by combining up-down asymmetric flux surface shaping with the Low Momentum Diffusivity (LMD) regime. We show that the intrinsic momentum flux driven by up-down asymmetry creates strong flow shear in the LMD regime that can significantly reduce energy transport, increasing the critical gradient by up to $25\%$. In contrast to traditional methods for generating flow shear, such as neutral beam injection, this approach requires no external momentum source and is expected to scale well to large fusion devices. The experimental applicability of this strategy in spherical tokamaks is addressed via simulations by considering actual equilibria from MAST and a preliminary equilibrium from SMART. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.10555v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2410.10555v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 October, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">7 pages, 5 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.04040">arXiv:2410.04040</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.04040">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2410.04040">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Flatbands from Bound States in the Continuum for Orbital Angular Momentum Localization </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu%2C+W">Weiwei Zhu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zou%2C+H">Hongyu Zou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ge%2C+Y">Yong Ge</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Y">Yin Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheng%2C+Z">Zheyu Cheng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+B">Bing-bing Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yuan%2C+S">Shou-qi Yuan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hong-xiang Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xue%2C+H">Haoran Xue</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+B">Baile Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.04040v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A flatband material is a system characterized by energy bands with zero dispersion, allowing for the compact localization of wavefunctions in real space. This compact localization significantly enhances inter-particle correlations and light-matter interactions, leading to notable advancements such as fractional Chern insulators in condensed matter systems and flat-band lasers in photonics. Previou… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.04040v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2410.04040v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2410.04040v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A flatband material is a system characterized by energy bands with zero dispersion, allowing for the compact localization of wavefunctions in real space. This compact localization significantly enhances inter-particle correlations and light-matter interactions, leading to notable advancements such as fractional Chern insulators in condensed matter systems and flat-band lasers in photonics. Previous flatband platforms, including twisted bilayer graphene and artificial kagome/Lieb lattices, typically focused on nondegenerate flatbands, lacking access to the high degeneracy that can facilitate the localization of orbital angular momentum (OAM). Here, we propose a general framework to construct highly degenerate flatbands from bound states in the continuum (BICs)--a concept originating from quantum theory but significantly developed in photonics and acoustics in recent years. The degeneracy of flatbands is determined by the number of BICs within each unit cell in a lattice. We experimentally validate this approach in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) acoustic crystals, demonstrating flatbands with 4-fold and 12-fold degeneracies, respectively. The high degeneracy provides sufficient internal degrees of freedom, enabling the selective excitation of localized OAM at any position in any direction. Our results pave the way for exploring BIC-constructed flatbands and their localization properties. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2410.04040v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2410.04040v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 October, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">15 pages, 4 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.13954">arXiv:2409.13954</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.13954">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> High-Speed Multifunctional Photonic Memory on a Foundry-Processed Photonic Platform </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kari%2C+S+R">Sadra Rahimi Kari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tamura%2C+M">Marcus Tamura</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guo%2C+Z">Zhimu Guo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yi-Siou Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hongyi Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lian%2C+C">Chuanyu Lian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nobile%2C+N">Nicholas Nobile</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Erickson%2C+J">John Erickson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Moridsadat%2C+M">Maryam Moridsadat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ocampo%2C+C+A+R">Carlos A. R铆os Ocampo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shastri%2C+B+J">Bhavin J Shastri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Youngblood%2C+N">Nathan Youngblood</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.13954v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The integration of computing with memory is essential for distributed, massively parallel, and adaptive architectures such as neural networks in artificial intelligence (AI). Accelerating AI can be achieved through photonic computing, but it requires nonvolatile photonic memory capable of rapid updates during on-chip training sessions or when new information becomes available during deployment. Ph… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.13954v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.13954v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.13954v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The integration of computing with memory is essential for distributed, massively parallel, and adaptive architectures such as neural networks in artificial intelligence (AI). Accelerating AI can be achieved through photonic computing, but it requires nonvolatile photonic memory capable of rapid updates during on-chip training sessions or when new information becomes available during deployment. Phase-change materials (PCMs) are promising for providing compact, nonvolatile optical weighting; however, they face limitations in terms of bit precision, programming speed, and cycling endurance. Here, we propose a novel photonic memory cell that merges nonvolatile photonic weighting using PCMs with high-speed, volatile tuning enabled by an integrated PN junction. Our experiments demonstrate that the same PN modulator, fabricated via a foundry compatible process, can achieve dual functionality. It supports coarse programmability for setting initial optical weights and facilitates high-speed fine-tuning to adjust these weights dynamically. The result showcases a 400-fold increase in volatile tuning speed and a 10,000-fold enhancement in efficiency. This multifunctional photonic memory with volatile and nonvolatile capabilities could significantly advance the performance and versatility of photonic memory cells, providing robust solutions for dynamic computing environments. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.13954v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.13954v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.09371">arXiv:2409.09371</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.09371">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.09371">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics">physics.ao-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> WeatherReal: A Benchmark Based on In-Situ Observations for Evaluating Weather Models </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jin%2C+W">Weixin Jin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Weyn%2C+J">Jonathan Weyn</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+P">Pengcheng Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xiang%2C+S">Siqi Xiang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bian%2C+J">Jiang Bian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fang%2C+Z">Zuliang Fang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dong%2C+H">Haiyu Dong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hongyu Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thambiratnam%2C+K">Kit Thambiratnam</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+Q">Qi Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.09371v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In recent years, AI-based weather forecasting models have matched or even outperformed numerical weather prediction systems. However, most of these models have been trained and evaluated on reanalysis datasets like ERA5. These datasets, being products of numerical models, often diverge substantially from actual observations in some crucial variables like near-surface temperature, wind, precipitati… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.09371v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.09371v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.09371v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In recent years, AI-based weather forecasting models have matched or even outperformed numerical weather prediction systems. However, most of these models have been trained and evaluated on reanalysis datasets like ERA5. These datasets, being products of numerical models, often diverge substantially from actual observations in some crucial variables like near-surface temperature, wind, precipitation and clouds - parameters that hold significant public interest. To address this divergence, we introduce WeatherReal, a novel benchmark dataset for weather forecasting, derived from global near-surface in-situ observations. WeatherReal also features a publicly accessible quality control and evaluation framework. This paper details the sources and processing methodologies underlying the dataset, and further illustrates the advantage of in-situ observations in capturing hyper-local and extreme weather through comparative analyses and case studies. Using WeatherReal, we evaluated several data-driven models and compared them with leading numerical models. Our work aims to advance the AI-based weather forecasting research towards a more application-focused and operation-ready approach. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.09371v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.09371v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.08065">arXiv:2409.08065</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.08065">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.08065">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Superconductivity">cond-mat.supr-con</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Materials Science">cond-mat.mtrl-sci</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computational Physics">physics.comp-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> InvDesFlow: An AI search engine to explore possible high-temperature superconductors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Han%2C+X">Xiao-Qi Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ouyang%2C+Z">Zhenfeng Ouyang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guo%2C+P">Peng-Jie Guo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gao%2C+Z">Ze-Feng Gao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lu%2C+Z">Zhong-Yi Lu</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.08065v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The discovery of new superconducting materials, particularly those exhibiting high critical temperature ($T_c$), has been a vibrant area of study within the field of condensed matter physics. Conventional approaches primarily rely on physical intuition to search for potential superconductors within the existing databases. However, the known materials only scratch the surface of the extensive array… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.08065v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.08065v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.08065v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The discovery of new superconducting materials, particularly those exhibiting high critical temperature ($T_c$), has been a vibrant area of study within the field of condensed matter physics. Conventional approaches primarily rely on physical intuition to search for potential superconductors within the existing databases. However, the known materials only scratch the surface of the extensive array of possibilities within the realm of materials. Here, we develop InvDesFlow, an AI search engine that integrates deep model pre-training and fine-tuning techniques, diffusion models, and physics-based approaches (e.g., first-principles electronic structure calculation) for the discovery of high-$T_c$ superconductors. Utilizing InvDesFlow, we have obtained 74 dynamically stable materials with critical temperatures predicted by the AI model to be $T_c \geq$ 15 K based on a very small set of samples. Notably, these materials are not contained in any existing dataset. Furthermore, we analyze trends in our dataset and individual materials including B$_4$CN$_3$ (at 5 GPa) and B$_5$CN$_2$ (at ambient pressure) whose $T_c$s are 24.08 K and 15.93 K, respectively. We demonstrate that AI technique can discover a set of new high-$T_c$ superconductors, outline its potential for accelerating discovery of the materials with targeted properties. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.08065v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.08065v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 2 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 12 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">22 pages, 17 figures, 6 tables</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.02633">arXiv:2409.02633</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.02633">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.02633">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Materials Science">cond-mat.mtrl-sci</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computational Physics">physics.comp-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Predicting Miscibility in Binary Compounds: A Machine Learning and Genetic Algorithm Study </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng%2C+C">Chiwen Feng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liang%2C+Y">Yanwei Liang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+J">Jiaying Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+R">Renhai Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Huaijun Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dong%2C+H">Huafeng Dong</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.02633v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The combination of data science and materials informatics has significantly propelled the advancement of multi-component compound synthesis research. This study employs atomic-level data to predict miscibility in binary compounds using machine learning, demonstrating the feasibility of such predictions. We have integrated experimental data from the Materials Project (MP) database and the Inorganic… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.02633v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.02633v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.02633v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The combination of data science and materials informatics has significantly propelled the advancement of multi-component compound synthesis research. This study employs atomic-level data to predict miscibility in binary compounds using machine learning, demonstrating the feasibility of such predictions. We have integrated experimental data from the Materials Project (MP) database and the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD), covering 2,346 binary systems. We applied a random forest classification model to train the constructed dataset and analyze the key factors affecting the miscibility of binary systems and their significance while predicting binary systems with high synthetic potential. By employing advanced genetic algorithms on the Co-Eu system, we discovered three novel thermodynamically stable phases, CoEu8, Co3Eu2, and CoEu. This research offers valuable theoretical insights to guide experimental synthesis endeavors in binary and complex material systems. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.02633v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.02633v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 4 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.12331">arXiv:2408.12331</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2408.12331">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2408.12331">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computational Physics">physics.comp-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Physics of the low momentum diffusivity regime in tokamaks and its experimental applicability </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haomin Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ball%2C+J">Justin Ball</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brunner%2C+S">Stephan Brunner</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Field%2C+A">Anthony Field</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Patel%2C+B">Bhavin Patel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balestri%2C+A">Alessandro Balestri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kennedy%2C+D">Daniel Kennedy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Roach%2C+C">Colin Roach</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cruz-Zabala%2C+D+J">Diego Jose Cruz-Zabala</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Del+Pozo%2C+F+P">Fernando Puentes Del Pozo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Viezzer%2C+E">Eleonora Viezzer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Munoz%2C+M+G">Manuel Garcia Munoz</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2408.12331v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Strong $E\times B$ plasma flow shear is beneficial for reducing turbulent transport. However, traditional methods of driving flow shear do not scale well to large devices such as future fusion power plants. In this paper, we use a large number of nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations to study a novel approach to increase flow shear: decreasing the momentum diffusivity to make the plasma ``easier to pu… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2408.12331v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2408.12331v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2408.12331v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Strong $E\times B$ plasma flow shear is beneficial for reducing turbulent transport. However, traditional methods of driving flow shear do not scale well to large devices such as future fusion power plants. In this paper, we use a large number of nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations to study a novel approach to increase flow shear: decreasing the momentum diffusivity to make the plasma ``easier to push''. We first use an idealized circular geometry and find that one can obtain low momentum diffusivity at tight aspect ratio, low safety factor, high magnetic shear and low temperature gradient. This is the so-called Low Momentum Diffusivity (LMD) regime. To drive intrinsic momentum flux, we then tilt the flux surface, making it up-down asymmetric. In the LMD regime, this intrinsic momentum flux drives strong flow shear that can significantly reduce the heat flux and increase the critical temperature gradient. We also consider the actual experimental geometry of the MAST tokamak to illustrate that this strategy can be practical and create experimentally significant flow shear. Lastly, a preliminary prediction for the SMART tokamak is made. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2408.12331v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2408.12331v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 22 August, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> August 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">43 pages, 23 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.20478">arXiv:2407.20478</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.20478">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics and Society">physics.soc-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Statistical Mechanics">cond-mat.stat-mech</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Hidden high-risky states identification from routine urban traffic </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+S">Shiyan Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai%2C+M">Mingyang Bai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guo%2C+S">Shengmin Guo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gao%2C+J">Jianxi Gao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Huijun Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gao%2C+Z">Ziyou Gao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+D">Daqing Li</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.20478v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> One of the core risk management tasks is to identify hidden high-risky states that may lead to system breakdown, which can provide valuable early warning knowledge. However, due to high dimensionality and nonlinear interaction embedded in large-scale complex systems like urban traffic, it remains challenging to identify hidden high-risky states from huge system state space where over 99% of possib… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.20478v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2407.20478v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.20478v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> One of the core risk management tasks is to identify hidden high-risky states that may lead to system breakdown, which can provide valuable early warning knowledge. However, due to high dimensionality and nonlinear interaction embedded in large-scale complex systems like urban traffic, it remains challenging to identify hidden high-risky states from huge system state space where over 99% of possible system states are not yet visited in empirical data. Based on maximum entropy model, we infer the underlying interaction network from complicated dynamical processes of urban traffic, and construct system energy landscape. In this way, we can locate hidden high-risky states that have never been observed from real data. These states can serve as risk signals with high probability of entering hazardous minima in energy landscape, which lead to huge recovery cost. Our finding might provide insights for complex system risk management. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.20478v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2407.20478v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 July, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.14213">arXiv:2407.14213</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.14213">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2407.14213">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems">nlin.AO</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Disordered Systems and Neural Networks">cond-mat.dis-nn</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Statistical Mechanics">cond-mat.stat-mech</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chaotic Dynamics">nlin.CD</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics and Society">physics.soc-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.064315">10.1103/PhysRevE.110.064315 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Higher-order triadic percolation on random hypergraphs </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hanlin Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianconi%2C+G">Ginestra Bianconi</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.14213v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this work, we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework combining percolation theory with nonlinear dynamics in order to study hypergraphs with a time-varying giant component. We consider in particular hypergraphs with higher-order triadic interactions that can upregulate or downregulate the hyperedges. Triadic interactions are a general type of signed regulatory interaction that occurs whe… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.14213v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2407.14213v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.14213v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this work, we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework combining percolation theory with nonlinear dynamics in order to study hypergraphs with a time-varying giant component. We consider in particular hypergraphs with higher-order triadic interactions that can upregulate or downregulate the hyperedges. Triadic interactions are a general type of signed regulatory interaction that occurs when a third node regulates the interaction between two other nodes. For example, in brain networks, the glia can facilitate or inhibit synaptic interactions between neurons. However, the regulatory interactions may not only occur between regulator nodes and pairwise interactions but also between regulator nodes and higher-order interactions (hyperedges), leading to higher-order triadic interactions. For instance, in biochemical reaction networks, the enzymes regulate the reactions involving multiple reactants. Here we propose and investigate higher-order triadic percolation on hypergraphs showing that the giant component can have a non-trivial dynamics. Specifically, we demonstrate that, under suitable conditions, the order parameter of this percolation problem, i.e., the fraction of nodes in the giant component, undergoes a route to chaos in the universality class of the logistic map. In hierarchical higher-order triadic percolation, we extend this paradigm in order to treat hierarchically nested triadic interactions demonstrating the non-trivial effect of their increased combinatorial complexity on the critical phenomena and the dynamical properties of the process. Finally, we consider other generalizations of the model studying the effect of considering interdependencies and node regulation instead of hyperedge regulation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.14213v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2407.14213v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 1 January, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 19 July, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">23 pages, 18 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Phys. Rev. E 110, 064315 (2024) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.08085">arXiv:2407.08085</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.08085">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2407.08085">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics">astro-ph.CO</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Light Dark Matter Constraints from SuperCDMS HVeV Detectors Operated Underground with an Anticoincidence Event Selection </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=SuperCDMS+Collaboration"> SuperCDMS Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Albakry%2C+M+F">M. F. Albakry</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alkhatib%2C+I">I. Alkhatib</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alonso-Gonz%C3%A1lez%2C+D">D. Alonso-Gonz谩lez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amaral%2C+D+W+P">D. W. P. Amaral</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anczarski%2C+J">J. Anczarski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aralis%2C+T">T. Aralis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aramaki%2C+T">T. Aramaki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arnquist%2C+I+J">I. J. Arnquist</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Langroudy%2C+I+A">I. Ataee Langroudy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Azadbakht%2C+E">E. Azadbakht</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bathurst%2C+C">C. Bathurst</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bhattacharyya%2C+R">R. Bhattacharyya</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Biffl%2C+A+J">A. J. Biffl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brink%2C+P+L">P. L. Brink</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buchanan%2C+M">M. Buchanan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bunker%2C+R">R. Bunker</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cabrera%2C+B">B. Cabrera</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Calkins%2C+R">R. Calkins</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cameron%2C+R+A">R. A. Cameron</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cartaro%2C+C">C. Cartaro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cerde%C3%B1o%2C+D+G">D. G. Cerde帽o</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chang%2C+Y+-">Y. -Y. Chang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chaudhuri%2C+M">M. Chaudhuri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+J+-">J. -H. Chen</a> , et al. (117 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.08085v4-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> This article presents constraints on dark-matter-electron interactions obtained from the first underground data-taking campaign with multiple SuperCDMS HVeV detectors operated in the same housing. An exposure of 7.63 g-days is used to set upper limits on the dark-matter-electron scattering cross section for dark matter masses between 0.5 and 1000 MeV/$c^2$, as well as upper limits on dark photon k… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.08085v4-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2407.08085v4-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.08085v4-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> This article presents constraints on dark-matter-electron interactions obtained from the first underground data-taking campaign with multiple SuperCDMS HVeV detectors operated in the same housing. An exposure of 7.63 g-days is used to set upper limits on the dark-matter-electron scattering cross section for dark matter masses between 0.5 and 1000 MeV/$c^2$, as well as upper limits on dark photon kinetic mixing and axion-like particle axioelectric coupling for masses between 1.2 and 23.3 eV/$c^2$. Compared to an earlier HVeV search, sensitivity was improved as a result of an increased overburden of 225 meters of water equivalent, an anticoincidence event selection, and better pile-up rejection. In the case of dark-matter-electron scattering via a heavy mediator, an improvement by up to a factor of 25 in cross-section sensitivity was achieved. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.08085v4-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2407.08085v4-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 10 July, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">7 pages + title and references, 4 figures, and 1 table</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.07651">arXiv:2407.07651</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.07651">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2407.07651">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability">physics.data-an</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Study of the decay and production properties of $D_{s1}(2536)$ and $D_{s2}^*(2573)$ </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ablikim%2C+M">M. Ablikim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Achasov%2C+M+N">M. N. Achasov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adlarson%2C+P">P. Adlarson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Afedulidis%2C+O">O. Afedulidis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ai%2C+X+C">X. C. Ai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aliberti%2C+R">R. Aliberti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amoroso%2C+A">A. Amoroso</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+Q">Q. An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai%2C+Y">Y. Bai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakina%2C+O">O. Bakina</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balossino%2C+I">I. Balossino</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ban%2C+Y">Y. Ban</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bao%2C+H+-">H. -R. Bao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Batozskaya%2C+V">V. Batozskaya</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Begzsuren%2C+K">K. Begzsuren</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Berger%2C+N">N. Berger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Berlowski%2C+M">M. Berlowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bertani%2C+M">M. Bertani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bettoni%2C+D">D. Bettoni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianchi%2C+F">F. Bianchi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+E">E. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bortone%2C+A">A. Bortone</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boyko%2C+I">I. Boyko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Briere%2C+R+A">R. A. Briere</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brueggemann%2C+A">A. Brueggemann</a> , et al. (645 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.07651v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D_{s1}(2536)^-$ and $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$ processes are studied using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies from 4.530 to 4.946~GeV. The absolute branching fractions of $D_{s1}(2536)^- \rightarrow \bar{D}^{*0}K^-$ and $D_{s2}^*(2573)^- \rightarrow \bar{D}^0K^-$ are measured for the first time to be… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.07651v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2407.07651v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.07651v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D_{s1}(2536)^-$ and $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$ processes are studied using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies from 4.530 to 4.946~GeV. The absolute branching fractions of $D_{s1}(2536)^- \rightarrow \bar{D}^{*0}K^-$ and $D_{s2}^*(2573)^- \rightarrow \bar{D}^0K^-$ are measured for the first time to be $(35.9\pm 4.8\pm 3.5)\%$ and $(37.4\pm 3.1\pm 4.6)\%$, respectively. The measurements are in tension with predictions based on the assumption that the $D_{s1}(2536)$ and $D_{s2}^*(2573)$ are dominated by a bare $c\bar{s}$ component. The $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D_{s1}(2536)^-$ and $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$ cross sections are measured, and a resonant structure at around 4.6~GeV with a width of 50~MeV is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of $15蟽$ in the $e^+e^-\rightarrow D_s^+D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$ process. It could be the $Y(4626)$ found by the Belle collaboration in the $D_s^+D_{s1}(2536)^{-}$ final state, since they have similar masses and widths. There is also evidence for a structure at around 4.75~GeV in both processes. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.07651v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2407.07651v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 10 July, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.00059">arXiv:2407.00059</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.00059">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Materials Science">cond-mat.mtrl-sci</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Microheater hotspot engineering for repeatable multi-level switching in foundry-processed phase change silicon photonics </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hongyi Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lian%2C+C">Chuanyu Lian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=V%C3%A1squez-Aza%2C+F">Francis V谩squez-Aza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kari%2C+S+R">Sadra Rahimi Kari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yi-Siou Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Restelli%2C+A">Alessandro Restelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vitale%2C+S+A">Steven A. Vitale</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Takeuchi%2C+I">Ichiro Takeuchi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hu%2C+J">Juejun Hu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Youngblood%2C+N">Nathan Youngblood</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pavlidis%2C+G">Georges Pavlidis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ocampo%2C+C+A+R">Carlos A. R铆os Ocampo</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.00059v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Nonvolatile photonic integrated circuits employing phase change materials have relied either on optical switching mechanisms with precise multi-level control but poor scalability or electrical switching with seamless integration and scalability but mostly limited to a binary response. Recent works have demonstrated electrical multi-level switching; however, they relied on the stochastic nucleation… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.00059v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2407.00059v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2407.00059v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Nonvolatile photonic integrated circuits employing phase change materials have relied either on optical switching mechanisms with precise multi-level control but poor scalability or electrical switching with seamless integration and scalability but mostly limited to a binary response. Recent works have demonstrated electrical multi-level switching; however, they relied on the stochastic nucleation process to achieve partial crystallization with low demonstrated repeatability and cyclability. Here, we re-engineer waveguide-integrated microheaters to achieve precise spatial control of the temperature profile (i.e., hotspot) and, thus, switch deterministic areas of an embedded phase change material cell. We experimentally demonstrate this concept using a variety of foundry-processed doped-silicon microheaters on a silicon-on-insulator platform to trigger multi-step amorphization and reversible switching of Sb$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ and Ge$_{2}$Sb$_{2}$Se$_{4}$Te alloys. We further characterize the response of our microheaters using Transient Thermoreflectance Imaging. Our approach combines the deterministic control resulting from a spatially resolved glassy-crystalline distribution with the scalability of electro-thermal switching devices, thus paving the way to reliable multi-level switching towards robust reprogrammable phase-change photonic devices for analog processing and computing. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2407.00059v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2407.00059v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">20 pages, 7 figures, 1 table</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.14843">arXiv:2406.14843</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.14843">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2406.14843">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Accelerator Physics">physics.acc-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Synthesis of Electron Microbunching Rotation for Generating Isolated Attosecond Soft X-ray Free-electron Laser Pulses </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+X">Xiaofan Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zeng%2C+L">Li Zeng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+W">Weiqing Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.14843v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Attosecond x-ray pulses play a crucial role in the study of ultrafast phenomena occurring within inner and valence electrons. Especially isolated attosecond pulses with high photon energy and high peak power are of great significance in single-shot imaging in the soft x-ray region, life sciences, and attosecond pump-probe experiments. In modern accelerators, laser manipulation of electrons can be… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.14843v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2406.14843v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.14843v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Attosecond x-ray pulses play a crucial role in the study of ultrafast phenomena occurring within inner and valence electrons. Especially isolated attosecond pulses with high photon energy and high peak power are of great significance in single-shot imaging in the soft x-ray region, life sciences, and attosecond pump-probe experiments. In modern accelerators, laser manipulation of electrons can be used to tailor the ultrafast properties of free-electron laser (FEL) pulses. In this paper, we propose a novel laser manipulation technique that makes use of two laser beams with mutual delays and tilted wavefronts to synthesize microbunching rotation on the scale of infrared laser wavelengths within the electron bunch for generating isolated attosecond soft x-ray pulses. This microbunching rotation ultimately leads to an enhanced current contrast ratio between the main peak and the surrounding satellite peaks within the bunch. By properly accounting for the longitudinal space charge fields within the FEL undulator, a tapered undulator can further suppress the side peaks in the radiation pulse and enable the selection of an isolated, hundred-attosecond, GW-level soft x-ray pulse. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.14843v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2406.14843v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 20 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.14590">arXiv:2406.14590</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.14590">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2406.14590">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology">gr-qc</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Demonstration of optical spring in an un-detuned cavity containing an optical parametric amplifier </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+J">Jian Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pan%2C+J">Juntao Pan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blair%2C+C">Carl Blair</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+J">Jue Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hengxin Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ju%2C+L">Li Ju</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+C">Chunnong Zhao</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.14590v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Here we demonstrate the capacity to manipulate the optical spring (OS) effect by employing an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) within an optical cavity. We observed more than a factor of 2 increase in the OS frequency shift with the OPA. We also showed for the first time that the OS can be tuned by solely adjusting the OPA phase and showing an un-detuned cavity exhibiting an optical spring. The… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.14590v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2406.14590v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.14590v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Here we demonstrate the capacity to manipulate the optical spring (OS) effect by employing an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) within an optical cavity. We observed more than a factor of 2 increase in the OS frequency shift with the OPA. We also showed for the first time that the OS can be tuned by solely adjusting the OPA phase and showing an un-detuned cavity exhibiting an optical spring. The method can be applied to gravitational wave detectors in the signal recycling configuration to realize narrow bandwidth high sensitivity. The OS can be tuned to align the detector peak sensitivity frequency to known frequency continuous gravitational wave signals, dynamically tuned to track the gravitational wave signal from merging compact binaries or tuned to search for the post-merger signal of known binary coalescence. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.14590v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2406.14590v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">6 pages, 9 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.05467">arXiv:2406.05467</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.05467">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2406.05467">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Solar and Stellar Astrophysics">astro-ph.SR</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Space Physics">physics.space-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Prevalence of non-standard collapsing of strong Langmuir turbulence in solar corona plasmas </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Y">Yaokun Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haomin Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ning%2C+H">Hao Ning</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ni%2C+S">Sulan Ni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kong%2C+X">Xiangliang Kong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=He%2C+J">Jiansen He</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+Y">Yao Chen</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.05467v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We present a fully-kinetic simulation of the full life cycle of strong Langmuir turbulence (SLT) excited by electron beams that are accelerated under the solar corona conditions. We find that (1) most packets ($\sim$80%) are affected by their neighbors during their collapse, as a result, their spatial scale variations present non-standard evolutionary features, i.e., deviating away from what was p… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.05467v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2406.05467v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.05467v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We present a fully-kinetic simulation of the full life cycle of strong Langmuir turbulence (SLT) excited by electron beams that are accelerated under the solar corona conditions. We find that (1) most packets ($\sim$80%) are affected by their neighbors during their collapse, as a result, their spatial scale variations present non-standard evolutionary features, i.e., deviating away from what was predicted by the Zakharov model; (2) the collapsing cavity is too shallow to trap the wave packet due to the growth of the Coulomb force, as a result a majority ($\sim$70%) of the packet energy runs away and a secondary localization may occur. The study indicates that the non-standard Langmuir collapse may play an important role in coronal plasmas interacting with an intense electron beam, that may be eventually confirmed by humanity's first mission to fly through the corona. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.05467v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2406.05467v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 8 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.20659">arXiv:2405.20659</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.20659">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atomic Physics">physics.atom-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Realization of cold atom gyroscope in space </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+J">Jinting Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+X">Xi Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+D">Danfang Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+W">Wenzhang Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhou%2C+Y">Yang Zhou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=He%2C+M">Meng He</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fang%2C+J">Jie Fang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhou%2C+L">Lin Zhou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=He%2C+C">Chuan He</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jiang%2C+J">Junjie Jiang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Huanyao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+Q">Qunfeng Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Qin%2C+L">Lei Qin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+X">Xiao Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Y">Yibo Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+X">Xiaowei Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhong%2C+J">Jiaqi Zhong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+R">Runbing Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+M">Meizhen An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+L">Long Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+S">Shuquan Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Z">Zongfeng Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+J">Jin Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhan%2C+M">Mingsheng Zhan</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.20659v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> High-precision gyroscopes in space are essential for fundamental physics research and navigation. Due to its potential high precision, the cold atom gyroscope is expected to be the next generation of gyroscopes in space. Here, we report the first realization of a cold atom gyroscope, which was demonstrated by the atom interferometer installed in the China Space Station (CSS) as a payload. By compe… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.20659v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2405.20659v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.20659v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> High-precision gyroscopes in space are essential for fundamental physics research and navigation. Due to its potential high precision, the cold atom gyroscope is expected to be the next generation of gyroscopes in space. Here, we report the first realization of a cold atom gyroscope, which was demonstrated by the atom interferometer installed in the China Space Station (CSS) as a payload. By compensating for CSS's high dynamic rotation rate using a built-in piezoelectric mirror, spatial interference fringes in the interferometer are successfully obtained. Then, the optimized ratio of the Raman laser's angles is derived, the coefficients of the piezoelectric mirror are self-calibrated in orbit, and various systemic effects are corrected. We achieve a rotation measurement resolution of 50*10^-6 rad/s for a single shot and 17*10^-6 rad/s for an average number of 32. The measured rotation is (-1142+/-29)*10^-6 rad/s and is compatible with that recorded by the classical gyroscope of the CSS. This study paves the way for developing high-precision cold atom gyroscopes in space. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.20659v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2405.20659v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 31 May, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">14 pages, 3 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09844">arXiv:2405.09844</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.09844">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Electrically switchable $2^N$-channel wave-front control with N cascaded polarization-dependent metasurfaces </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ma%2C+Z">Zhiyao Ma</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tian%2C+T">Tian Tian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liao%2C+Y">Yuxuan Liao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng%2C+X">Xue Feng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Y">Yongzhuo Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cui%2C+K">Kaiyu Cui</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+F">Fang Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+W">Wei Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yidong Huang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.09844v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Metasurfaces with tunable functionalities are greatly desired for modern optical system and various applications. To increase the operating channels of polarization-multiplexed metasurfaces, we proposed a structure of N cascaded dual-channel metasurfaces to achieve 2^N electrically switchable functional channels without intrinsic noise or cross-talk. As proof of principles, we have implemented a 3… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.09844v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2405.09844v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.09844v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Metasurfaces with tunable functionalities are greatly desired for modern optical system and various applications. To increase the operating channels of polarization-multiplexed metasurfaces, we proposed a structure of N cascaded dual-channel metasurfaces to achieve 2^N electrically switchable functional channels without intrinsic noise or cross-talk. As proof of principles, we have implemented a 3-layer setup to achieve 8 channels. In success, we have demonstrated two typical functionalities of vortex beam generation with switchable topological charge of l=-3 ~ +4 or l=-1~ -8, and beam steering with the deflecting direction switchable in an 8*1 line or a 4*2 grid. We believe that our proposal would provide a practical way to significantly increase the scalability and extend the functionality of polarization-multiplexed metasurfaces, which are potential for the applications of LiDAR, glasses-free 3D display, OAM (de)multiplexing, and varifocal meta-lens. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.09844v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2405.09844v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 May, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 16 May, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.17797">arXiv:2404.17797</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.17797">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2404.17797">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Soft Condensed Matter">cond-mat.soft</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Materials Science">cond-mat.mtrl-sci</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computational Physics">physics.comp-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.109.044802">10.1103/PhysRevE.109.044802 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Plastic instability of annular crystalline membrane in circular confinement </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Honghui Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yao%2C+Z">Zhenwei Yao</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.17797v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Understanding the mechanical instabilities of two-dimensional membranes has strong connection to the subjects of structure instabilities, morphology control and materials failures. In this work, we investigate the plastic mechanism developed in the annular crystalline membrane system for adapting to the shrinking space, which is caused by the controllable gradual expansion of the inner boundary. I… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.17797v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2404.17797v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.17797v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Understanding the mechanical instabilities of two-dimensional membranes has strong connection to the subjects of structure instabilities, morphology control and materials failures. In this work, we investigate the plastic mechanism developed in the annular crystalline membrane system for adapting to the shrinking space, which is caused by the controllable gradual expansion of the inner boundary. In the process of plastic deformation, we find the continuous generation of dislocations at the inner boundary, and their collective migration to the outer boundary; this neat dynamic scenario of dislocation current captures the complicated reorganization process of the particles. We also reveal the characteristic vortex structure arising from the interplay of topological defects and the displacement field. These results may find applications in the precise control of structural instabilities in packings of particulate matter and covalently bonded systems. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.17797v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2404.17797v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">8 pages, 4 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Physical Review E 109, 044802 (2024) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.14207">arXiv:2404.14207</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.14207">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> ETROC1: The First Full Chain Precision Timing Prototype ASIC for CMS MTD Endcap Timing Layer Upgrade </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+X">Xing Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+Q">Quan Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gong%2C+D">Datao Gong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gwak%2C+P">Piljun Gwak</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kim%2C+D">Doyeong Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lee%2C+J">Jongho Lee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+C">Chonghan Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+T">Tiankuan Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+T">Tiehui Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Los%2C+S">Sergey Los</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Miryala%2C+S">Sandeep Miryala</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nanda%2C+S">Shirsendu Nanda</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Olsen%2C+J">Jamieson Olsen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hanhan Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wu%2C+J">Jinyuan Wu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ye%2C+J">Jingbo Ye</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ye%2C+Z">Zhenyu Ye</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+L">Li Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+W">Wei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.14207v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We present the design and characterization of the first full chain precision timing prototype ASIC, named ETL Readout Chip version 1 (ETROC1) for the CMS MTD endcap timing layer (ETL) upgrade. The ETL utilizes Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) sensors to detect charged particles, with the goal to achieve a time resolution of 40 - 50 ps per hit, and 30 - 40 ps per track with hits from two detector la… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.14207v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2404.14207v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2404.14207v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We present the design and characterization of the first full chain precision timing prototype ASIC, named ETL Readout Chip version 1 (ETROC1) for the CMS MTD endcap timing layer (ETL) upgrade. The ETL utilizes Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) sensors to detect charged particles, with the goal to achieve a time resolution of 40 - 50 ps per hit, and 30 - 40 ps per track with hits from two detector layers. The ETROC1 is composed of a 5 x 5 pixel array and peripheral circuits. The pixel array includes a 4 x 4 active pixel array with an H-tree shaped network delivering clock and charge injection signals. Each active pixel is composed of various components, including a bump pad, a charge injection circuit, a pre-amplifier, a discriminator, a digital-to-analog converter, and a time-to-digital converter. These components play essential roles as the front-end link in processing LGAD signals and measuring timing-related information. The peripheral circuits provide clock signals and readout functionalities. The size of the ETROC1 chip is 7 mm x 9 mm. ETROC1 has been fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS process, and extensively tested under stimuli of charge injection, infrared laser, and proton beam. The time resolution of bump-bonded ETROC1 + LGAD chipsets reaches 42 - 46 ps per hit in the beam test. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2404.14207v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2404.14207v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 2 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 22 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">14 pages, 15 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> FERMILAB-PUB-24-0131-CMS-PPD </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14070">arXiv:2403.14070</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.14070">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Image and Video Processing">eess.IV</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition">cs.CV</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Medical Physics">physics.med-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> QSMDiff: Unsupervised 3D Diffusion Models for Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xiong%2C+Z">Zhuang Xiong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jiang%2C+W">Wei Jiang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gao%2C+Y">Yang Gao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+F">Feng Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hongfu Sun</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2403.14070v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) dipole inversion is an ill-posed inverse problem for quantifying magnetic susceptibility distributions from MRI tissue phases. While supervised deep learning methods have shown success in specific QSM tasks, their generalizability across different acquisition scenarios remains constrained. Recent developments in diffusion models have demonstrated potential… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2403.14070v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2403.14070v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2403.14070v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) dipole inversion is an ill-posed inverse problem for quantifying magnetic susceptibility distributions from MRI tissue phases. While supervised deep learning methods have shown success in specific QSM tasks, their generalizability across different acquisition scenarios remains constrained. Recent developments in diffusion models have demonstrated potential for solving 2D medical imaging inverse problems. However, their application to 3D modalities, such as QSM, remains challenging due to high computational demands. In this work, we developed a 3D image patch-based diffusion model, namely QSMDiff, for robust QSM reconstruction across different scan parameters, alongside simultaneous super-resolution and image-denoising tasks. QSMDiff adopts unsupervised 3D image patch training and full-size measurement guidance during inference for controlled image generation. Evaluation on simulated and in-vivo human brains, using gradient-echo and echo-planar imaging sequences across different acquisition parameters, demonstrates superior performance. The method proposed in QSMDiff also holds promise for impacting other 3D medical imaging applications beyond QSM. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2403.14070v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2403.14070v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 March, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.01074">arXiv:2403.01074</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.01074">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Eavesdropping risk evaluation for non-line-of-sight terahertz channels by metallic wavy surface in rain </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+P">Peian Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+W">Wenbo Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+D">Da Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+M">Mingxia Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+X">Xiaopeng Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Houjun Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ma%2C+J">Jianjun Ma</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2403.01074v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) data transmission through surface reflection is pivotal for enhancing the reach and efficiency of terahertz (THz) communication systems. However, this innovation also introduces significant eavesdropping risks, exacerbated by the complex bistatic scattering effects during adverse weather conditions like rain. This work delves into the assessment of the vulnerabilities of N… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2403.01074v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2403.01074v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2403.01074v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) data transmission through surface reflection is pivotal for enhancing the reach and efficiency of terahertz (THz) communication systems. However, this innovation also introduces significant eavesdropping risks, exacerbated by the complex bistatic scattering effects during adverse weather conditions like rain. This work delves into the assessment of the vulnerabilities of NLOS THz communication channels to eavesdropping under simulated rain conditions using metallic wavy surfaces (MWS). The observation reveals the feasibility of successful signal interception under these conditions, highlighting a prevalent security concern for outdoor terahertz communication networks utilizing NLOS channels to broaden coverage. This insight underscores the critical need for addressing and mitigating potential eavesdropping threats to ensure secure and reliable terahertz communications in varied environmental conditions. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2403.01074v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2403.01074v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 25 July, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 1 March, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">To be published in Journal of the Optical Society of America B</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.17992">arXiv:2402.17992</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.17992">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Physics-Informed Machine Learning for Seismic Response Prediction OF Nonlinear Steel Moment Resisting Frame Structures </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bond%2C+R+B">R. Bailey Bond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ren%2C+P">Pu Ren</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hajjar%2C+J+F">Jerome F. Hajjar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.17992v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> There is growing interest in using machine learning (ML) methods for structural metamodeling due to the substantial computational cost of traditional simulations. Purely data-driven strategies often face limitations in model robustness, interpretability, and dependency on extensive data. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a novel physics-informed machine learning (PiML) method that… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.17992v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.17992v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.17992v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> There is growing interest in using machine learning (ML) methods for structural metamodeling due to the substantial computational cost of traditional simulations. Purely data-driven strategies often face limitations in model robustness, interpretability, and dependency on extensive data. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a novel physics-informed machine learning (PiML) method that integrates scientific principles and physical laws into deep neural networks to model seismic responses of nonlinear structures. The approach constrains the ML model's solution space within known physical bounds through three main features: dimensionality reduction via combined model order reduction and wavelet analysis, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, and Newton's second law. Dimensionality reduction addresses structural systems' redundancy and boosts efficiency while extracting essential features through wavelet analysis. LSTM networks capture temporal dependencies for accurate time-series predictions. Manipulating the equation of motion helps learn system nonlinearities and confines solutions within physically interpretable results. These attributes allow for model training with sparse data, enhancing accuracy, interpretability, and robustness. Furthermore, a dataset of archetype steel moment resistant frames under seismic loading, available in the DesignSafe-CI Database [1], is considered for evaluation. The resulting metamodel handles complex data better than existing physics-guided LSTM models and outperforms other non-physics data-driven networks. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.17992v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.17992v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 27 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">34 pages, 12 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.13964">arXiv:2402.13964</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.13964">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Solar and Stellar Astrophysics">astro-ph.SR</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Space Physics">physics.space-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Switchback Patches Evolve into Microstreams via Magnetic Relaxation </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soni%2C+S+L">Shirsh Lata Soni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akhavan-Tafti%2C+M">Mojtaba Akhavan-Tafti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Suen%2C+G+H+H">Gabriel Ho Hin Suen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kasper%2C+J">Justin Kasper</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Velli%2C+M">Marco Velli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Marco%2C+R">Rossana De Marco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Owen%2C+C">Christopher Owen</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.13964v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Magnetic switchbacks are distinct magnetic structures characterized by their abrupt reversal in the radial component of the magnetic field within the pristine solar wind. Switchbacks are believed to lose magnetic energy with heliocentric distance. To investigate this switchbacks originating from similar solar source regions are identified during a radial alignment of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP; 2… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.13964v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.13964v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.13964v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Magnetic switchbacks are distinct magnetic structures characterized by their abrupt reversal in the radial component of the magnetic field within the pristine solar wind. Switchbacks are believed to lose magnetic energy with heliocentric distance. To investigate this switchbacks originating from similar solar source regions are identified during a radial alignment of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP; 25.8 solar radii) and Solar Orbiter (SolO; 152 solar radii). We found that 1) the dynamic and thermal pressures decrease at the switchback boundaries by up to 20% at PSP and relatively unchanged at SolO and magnetic pressure jump across the boundary remains negligible at both distances, and 2) bundles of switchbacks are often observed in switchback patches near the Sun, and in microstreams farther away. Background proton velocity (vp) is 10% greater than the pristine solar wind (vsw) in microstreams, whereas vp ~ vsw in switchback patches. Microstreams contain an average of 30% fewer switchbacks than switchback patches. It is concluded that switchbacks likely relax magnetically and equilibrate their plasma with the surrounding environment with heliocentric distance. Switchback relaxation can, in turn, accelerate the surrounding plasma. Therefore, it is hypothesized that magnetic relaxation of switchbacks may cause switchback patches to evolve into microstreams with heliocentric distance. Statistical analysis of PSP and SolO switchbacks is underway to further test our hypothesis. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.13964v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.13964v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.10989">arXiv:2402.10989</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.10989">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2402.10989">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Classical Physics">physics.class-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Disordered Systems and Neural Networks">cond-mat.dis-nn</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Disorder-induced acoustic non-Hermitian skin effect </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+B">Bing-bing Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheng%2C+Z">Zheyu Cheng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zou%2C+H">Hong-yu Zou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ge%2C+Y">Yong Ge</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+K">Ke-qi Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Si%2C+Q">Qiao-rui Si</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yuan%2C+S">Shou-qi Yuan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hong-xiang Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xue%2C+H">Haoran Xue</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+B">Baile Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.10989v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The interplay between disorder and topology leads to rich phenomena such as topological Anderson insulator phases, where disorder opens a topological bandgap and thereby enhances transport. With the recent advances in non-Hermitian topological physics, topological Anderson insulators have been generalized to systems with non-Hermitian disorder. However, achieving disorder-induced nontrivial point-… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.10989v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.10989v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.10989v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The interplay between disorder and topology leads to rich phenomena such as topological Anderson insulator phases, where disorder opens a topological bandgap and thereby enhances transport. With the recent advances in non-Hermitian topological physics, topological Anderson insulators have been generalized to systems with non-Hermitian disorder. However, achieving disorder-induced nontrivial point-gap topology, which is unique to non-Hermitian systems and is responsible for non-Hermitian skin effect, remains elusive. In this work, we experimentally realized non-Hermitian disorder-induced point-gap topology in a one-dimensional acoustic crystal. By controlling the gain factor of the amplifier in each basic unit, we obtained a series of disordered unidirectional hoppings with tunable strength. Using disordered acoustic crystals under open boundary conditions, we observed the emergence of non-Hermitian skin effect and the direction reversal of skin mode localization when the disorder strength is tuned. These results serve as hallmarks of point-gap topological phase transition induced by non-Hermitian disorder. Our work paves the way for exploring various disorder-induced phenomena in non-Hermitian acoustic systems. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.10989v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.10989v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 16 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">7 pages, 4 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.01119">arXiv:2402.01119</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.01119">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Impact of snowfall on terahertz channel performance: measurement and modeling insights </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+G">Guohao Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=He%2C+X">Xiangkun He</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao%2C+J">Jiabiao Zhao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+D">Da Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liang%2C+H">Hong Liang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Houjun Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mittleman%2C+D+M">Daniel M. Mittleman</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ma%2C+J">Jianjun Ma</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.01119v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In the evolving domain of wireless communication, the investigation on terahertz (THz) frequency spectrum, spanning 0.1 to 10 THz, has become a critical focus for advancing ultra-high-speed data transmission technologies. The effective deployment of THz wireless communication techniques mandates a complete study of channel performance under various atmospheric conditions, such as rain, fog, cloud,… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.01119v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.01119v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.01119v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In the evolving domain of wireless communication, the investigation on terahertz (THz) frequency spectrum, spanning 0.1 to 10 THz, has become a critical focus for advancing ultra-high-speed data transmission technologies. The effective deployment of THz wireless communication techniques mandates a complete study of channel performance under various atmospheric conditions, such as rain, fog, cloud, haze, and notably, snow. These environmental elements significantly impact the design of the protocol stack, ranging from physical-layer signal processing to application design and strategic network planning. An in-depth understanding of channel propagation and fading characteristics in real-world environments, especially over ultra-wide bandwidths, is crucial. This work presents a comprehensive measurement-based and theoretical investigation of line-of-sight (LoS) THz channel performance in snowy conditions. It methodically examines both the empirical and predicted aspects of channel power and bit-error-ratio (BER). The effects of snowfall rate, carrier frequency, ambient temperature, and relative humidity on channel performance are analyzed and discussed. Our findings demonstrate that snowy conditions not only amplify power loss but also induce rapid fluctuations in the power levels of the THz channel. Notably, our results reveal an absence of significant multipath effects in these scenarios. This insight highlights the need for further research into the dynamics of snowflake movement and their interaction with THz transmission paths. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.01119v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.01119v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 1 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.15850">arXiv:2401.15850</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.15850">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2401.15850">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Accelerator Physics">physics.acc-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Attosecond two-color x-ray free-electron lasers with dual chirp-taper configuration and bunching inheritance </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+X">Xiaofan Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+W">Weiqing Zhang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.15850v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Attosecond x-ray pulses play a crucial role in the study of ultrafast phenomena occurring within inner and valence electrons. To achieve attosecond time-resolution studies and gain control over electronic wavefunctions, it is crucial to develop techniques capable of generating and synchronizing two-color x-ray pulses at the attosecond scale. In this paper, we present a novel approach for generatin… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.15850v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2401.15850v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.15850v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Attosecond x-ray pulses play a crucial role in the study of ultrafast phenomena occurring within inner and valence electrons. To achieve attosecond time-resolution studies and gain control over electronic wavefunctions, it is crucial to develop techniques capable of generating and synchronizing two-color x-ray pulses at the attosecond scale. In this paper, we present a novel approach for generating attosecond pulse pairs using a dual chirp-taper free-electron laser with bunching inheritance. An electron beam with a sinusoidal energy chirp, introduced by the external seed laser, passes through the main undulator and afterburner, both with tapers. Two-color x-ray pulses are generated from the main undulator and afterburner, respectively, with temporal separations of hundreds of attoseconds to several femtoseconds and energy differences of tens of electron volts. Notably, the afterburner is much shorter than the main undulator due to bunching inheritance, which reduces the distance between two source points and alleviates the beamline focusing requirements of the two-color pulses. A comprehensive stability analysis is conducted in this paper, considering the individual effects of shot noise from self-amplified spontaneous emission and carrier-envelope phase jitter of the few-cycle laser. The results show that the radiation from the afterburner exhibits excellent stability in the proposed scheme, which is beneficial for x-ray pump-probe experiments. The proposed scheme opens up new possibilities for attosecond science enabled by x-ray attosecond pump-probe techniques and coherent control of ultrafast electronic wave packets in quantum systems. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.15850v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2401.15850v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 January, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.12545">arXiv:2401.12545</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.12545">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Superconductivity">cond-mat.supr-con</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Ultra-broadband near-field Josephson microwave microscopy </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+P">Ping Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lyu%2C+Y">Yang-Yang Lyu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lv%2C+J">Jingjing Lv</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wei%2C+Z">Zihan Wei</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+S">Shixian Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+C">Chenguang Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Du%2C+H">Hongmei Du</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+D">Dingding Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Z">Zixi Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hou%2C+S">Shoucheng Hou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Su%2C+R">Runfeng Su</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hancong Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Du%2C+Y">Yuan Du</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Du%2C+L">Li Du</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gao%2C+L">Liming Gao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Y">Yong-Lei Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+H">Huabing Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wu%2C+P">Peiheng Wu</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.12545v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Advanced microwave technologies constitute the foundation of a wide range of modern sciences, including quantum computing, microwave photonics, spintronics, etc. To facilitate the design of chip-based microwave devices, there is an increasing demand for state-of-the-art microscopic techniques capable of characterizing the near-field microwave distribution and performance. In this work, we integrat… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.12545v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2401.12545v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.12545v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Advanced microwave technologies constitute the foundation of a wide range of modern sciences, including quantum computing, microwave photonics, spintronics, etc. To facilitate the design of chip-based microwave devices, there is an increasing demand for state-of-the-art microscopic techniques capable of characterizing the near-field microwave distribution and performance. In this work, we integrate Josephson junctions onto a nano-sized quartz tip, forming a highly sensitive microwave mixer on-tip. This allows us to conduct spectroscopic imaging of near-field microwave distributions with high spatial resolution. Leveraging its microwave-sensitive characteristics, our Josephson microscope achieves a broad detecting bandwidth of up to 200 GHz with remarkable frequency and intensity sensitivities. Our work emphasizes the benefits of utilizing the Josephson microscope as a real-time, non-destructive technique to advance integrated microwave electronics. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.12545v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2401.12545v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 23 January, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.08055">arXiv:2401.08055</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.08055">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A Programmable and Reconfigurable Photonic Simulator for Classical XY Models </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ouyang%2C+J">Jiayi Ouyang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liao%2C+Y">Yuxuan Liao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng%2C+X">Xue Feng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Y">Yongzhuo Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cui%2C+K">Kaiyu Cui</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+F">Fang Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+W">Wei Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yidong Huang</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.08055v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this work, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a photonic simulator for XY models, which is a typical kind of classical spin models. By encoding the XY spins on the phase term of the input light field, the corresponding XY Hamiltonian could be performed on the output light intensities. The simulator is mainly based on a programmable and reconfigurable optical vector-matrix multiplicatio… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.08055v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2401.08055v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.08055v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this work, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a photonic simulator for XY models, which is a typical kind of classical spin models. By encoding the XY spins on the phase term of the input light field, the corresponding XY Hamiltonian could be performed on the output light intensities. The simulator is mainly based on a programmable and reconfigurable optical vector-matrix multiplication system, which can map arbitrary XY models within the dimensionality limit. Here, we demonstrated the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a two-dimensional XY model, in which the expectation values of some observables are calculated and consistent with the theory. Besides, we performed the ground state search of two 25-spin XY models with different spin connections and coupling strengths. Our proposal paves a new way to investigate the XY spin system. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.08055v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2401.08055v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 16 April, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 15 January, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.01020">arXiv:2401.01020</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.01020">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2401.01020">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics">cond-mat.mes-hall</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atomic and Molecular Clusters">physics.atm-clus</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56497-3">10.1038/s41467-025-56497-3 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Degeneracy-breaking and Long-lived Multimode Microwave Electromechanical Systems Enabled by Cubic Silicon-Carbide Membrane Crystals </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+Y">Yulong Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Huanying Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+Q">Qichun Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wu%2C+H">Haihua Wu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sillanp%C3%A4%C3%A4%2C+M+A">Mika A. Sillanp盲盲</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+T">Tiefu Li</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.01020v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Cubic silicon-carbide crystals (3C-SiC), known for their high thermal conductivity and in-plane stress, hold significant promise for the development of high-quality ($Q$) mechanical oscillators. We reveal degeneracy-breaking phenomena in 3C-phase crystalline silicon-carbide membrane and present high-$Q$ mechanical modes in pairs or clusters. The 3C-SiC material demonstrates excellent microwave com… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.01020v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2401.01020v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2401.01020v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Cubic silicon-carbide crystals (3C-SiC), known for their high thermal conductivity and in-plane stress, hold significant promise for the development of high-quality ($Q$) mechanical oscillators. We reveal degeneracy-breaking phenomena in 3C-phase crystalline silicon-carbide membrane and present high-$Q$ mechanical modes in pairs or clusters. The 3C-SiC material demonstrates excellent microwave compatibility with superconducting circuits. Thus, we can establish a coherent electromechanical interface, enabling precise control over 21 high-$Q$ mechanical modes from a single 3C-SiC square membrane. Benefiting from extremely high mechanical frequency stability, this interface enables tunable light slowing with group delays extending up to an impressive duration of \emph{an hour}. Coherent energy transfer between distinct mechanical modes are also presented. In this work, the studied 3C-SiC membrane crystal with their significant properties of multiple acoustic modes and high-quality factors, provide unique opportunities for the encoding, storage, and transmission of quantum information via bosonic phonon channels. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2401.01020v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2401.01020v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 11 February, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 1 January, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">22 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nat Commun 16, 1207 (2025) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.01694">arXiv:2312.01694</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.01694">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Materials Science">cond-mat.mtrl-sci</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Real-Space Visualization of Frequency-Dependent Anisotropy of Atomic Vibrations </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yan%2C+X">Xingxu Yan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zeiger%2C+P+M">Paul M. Zeiger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+Y">Yifeng Huang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haoying Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+J">Jie Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gadre%2C+C+A">Chaitanya A. Gadre</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yang%2C+H">Hongbin Yang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=He%2C+R">Ri He</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aoki%2C+T">Toshihiro Aoki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhong%2C+Z">Zhicheng Zhong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nie%2C+Y">Yuefeng Nie</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wu%2C+R">Ruqian Wu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rusz%2C+J">J谩n Rusz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pan%2C+X">Xiaoqing Pan</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2312.01694v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The underlying dielectric properties of materials, intertwined with intriguing phenomena such as topological polariton modes and anisotropic thermal conductivities, stem from the anisotropy in atomic vibrations. Conventionally, X-ray diffraction techniques have been employed to estimate thermal ellipsoids of distinct elements, albeit lacking the desired spatial and energy resolutions. Here we intr… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2312.01694v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2312.01694v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2312.01694v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The underlying dielectric properties of materials, intertwined with intriguing phenomena such as topological polariton modes and anisotropic thermal conductivities, stem from the anisotropy in atomic vibrations. Conventionally, X-ray diffraction techniques have been employed to estimate thermal ellipsoids of distinct elements, albeit lacking the desired spatial and energy resolutions. Here we introduce a novel approach utilizing the dark-field monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy for momentum-selective vibrational spectroscopy, enabling the cartographic delineation of variations of phonon polarization vectors. By applying this technique to centrosymmetric cubic-phase strontium titanate, we successfully discern two types of oxygen atoms exhibiting contrasting vibrational anisotropies below and above 60 meV due to their frequency-linked thermal ellipsoids. This method establishes a new pathway to visualize phonon eigenvectors at specific crystalline sites for diverse elements, thus delving into uncharted realms of dielectric, optical, and thermal property investigations with unprecedented spatial resolutions. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2312.01694v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2312.01694v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 4 December, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16723">arXiv:2311.16723</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.16723">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Medical Physics">physics.med-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11526">10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11526 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Theoretical and experimental study of attenuation in cancellous bone </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu%2C+W">Wenyi Xu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xie%2C+W">Weiya Xie</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+D">Dong Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Haohan Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gu%2C+Y">Ying Gu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tao%2C+X">Xingliang Tao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Qian%2C+M">Menglu Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheng%2C+L">Liming Cheng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+H">Hao Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheng%2C+Q">Qian Cheng</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.16723v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Photoacoustic (PA) technology can provide information on both the physical structure and chemical composition of bone, showing great potential in bone assessment. However, due to the complex composition and porous structure of cancellous bone, the PA signals generated and propagated in cancellous bone are complex and difficult to be directly used in cancellous bone analysis. In this paper, a photo… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.16723v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.16723v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.16723v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Photoacoustic (PA) technology can provide information on both the physical structure and chemical composition of bone, showing great potential in bone assessment. However, due to the complex composition and porous structure of cancellous bone, the PA signals generated and propagated in cancellous bone are complex and difficult to be directly used in cancellous bone analysis. In this paper, a photoacoustic differential attenuation spectrum (PA-DAS) method is proposed. By eliminating the PA spectrum of the optical absorption sources, the propagation attenuation characteristics of cancellous bone are studied theoretically and experimentally. An analytical solution for the propagation attenuation of broadband ultrasound waves in cancellous bone is given by applying high-frequency and viscous corrections to Biot's theory. An experimental system of PA-DAS with an eccentric excitation differential detection system is established to obtain the PA-DAS of cancellous bone and its acoustic propagation characteristic on the rabbit osteoporosis model. The PA-DAS quantization parameter slope is further extracted to quantify the attenuation of high and low frequency components. The results show that the PA-DAS can distinguish osteoporotic bone from normal bone, enabling quantitative assessment of bone mineral density and the diagnosis of osteoporosis. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.16723v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.16723v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Wenyi Xu, Weiya Xie, Dong Yu, Haohan Sun, Ying Gu, Xingliang Tao, Menglu Qian, Liming Cheng, Hao Wang, Qian Cheng, Theoretical and experimental study of attenuation in cancellous bone, J. Biomed. Opt. 29(S1), S11526 (2024) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.15170">arXiv:2311.15170</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.15170">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2311.15170">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Materials Science">cond-mat.mtrl-sci</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computational Physics">physics.comp-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A unified moment tensor potential for silicon, oxygen, and silica </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zongo%2C+K">Karim Zongo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hao Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ouellet-Plamondon%2C+C">Claudiane Ouellet-Plamondon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=B%C3%A9land%2C+L+K">Laurent Karim B茅land</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.15170v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Si and its oxides have been extensively explored in theoretical research due to their technological and industrial importance. Simultaneously describing interatomic interactions within both Si and SiO$_2$ without the use of \textit{ab initio} methods is considered challenging, given the charge transfers involved. Herein, this challenge is overcome by developing a unified machine learning interatom… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.15170v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.15170v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.15170v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Si and its oxides have been extensively explored in theoretical research due to their technological and industrial importance. Simultaneously describing interatomic interactions within both Si and SiO$_2$ without the use of \textit{ab initio} methods is considered challenging, given the charge transfers involved. Herein, this challenge is overcome by developing a unified machine learning interatomic potentials describing the Si/ SiO$_2$/ O system, based on the moment tensor potential (MTP) framework. This MTP is trained using a comprehensive database generated using density functional theory simulations, encompassing a wide range of crystal structures, point defects, extended defects, and disordered structure. Extensive testing of the MTP is performed, indicating it can describe static and dynamic features of very diverse Si, O, and SiO$_2$ atomic structures with a degree of fidelity approaching that of DFT <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.15170v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.15170v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 26 July, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 25 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.14877">arXiv:2311.14877</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.14877">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2311.14877">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems">nlin.AO</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Disordered Systems and Neural Networks">cond-mat.dis-nn</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Statistical Mechanics">cond-mat.stat-mech</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chaotic Dynamics">nlin.CD</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics and Society">physics.soc-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae270">10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae270 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Triadic percolation induces dynamical topological patterns in higher-order networks </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mill%C3%A1n%2C+A+P">Ana P. Mill谩n</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Hanlin Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Torres%2C+J+J">Joaqu矛n J. Torres</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianconi%2C+G">Ginestra Bianconi</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.14877v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Triadic interactions are higher-order interactions that occur when a set of nodes affects the interaction between two other nodes. Examples of triadic interactions are present in the brain when glia modulate the synaptic signals among neuron pairs or when interneuron axon-axonic synapses enable presynaptic inhibition and facilitation, and in ecosystems when one or more species can affect the inter… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.14877v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.14877v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.14877v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Triadic interactions are higher-order interactions that occur when a set of nodes affects the interaction between two other nodes. Examples of triadic interactions are present in the brain when glia modulate the synaptic signals among neuron pairs or when interneuron axon-axonic synapses enable presynaptic inhibition and facilitation, and in ecosystems when one or more species can affect the interaction among two other species. On random graphs, triadic percolation has been recently shown to turn percolation into a fully-fledged dynamical process in which the size of the giant component undergoes a route to chaos. However, in many real cases, triadic interactions are local and occur on spatially embedded networks. Here we show that triadic interactions in spatial networks induce a very complex spatio-temporal modulation of the giant component which gives rise to triadic percolation patterns with significantly different topology. We classify the observed patterns (stripes, octopus, and small clusters) with topological data analysis and we assess their information content (entropy and complexity). Moreover, we illustrate the multistability of the dynamics of the triadic percolation patterns and we provide a comprehensive phase diagram of the model. These results open new perspectives in percolation as they demonstrate that in presence of spatial triadic interactions, the giant component can acquire a time-varying topology. Hence, this work provides a theoretical framework that can be applied to model realistic scenarios in which the giant component is time-dependent as in neuroscience. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.14877v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.14877v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 24 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">59 pages, 11 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> PNAS Nexus, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2024, pgae270 (2024) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07924">arXiv:2311.07924</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.07924">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applied Physics">physics.app-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Experimental and Theoretical Exploration of Terahertz Channel Performance through Glass Doors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+D">Da Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+W">Wenbo Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wei%2C+M">Menghan Wei</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+J">Jiacheng Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+G">Guohao Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+P">Peian Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun%2C+H">Houjun Sun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ma%2C+J">Jianjun Ma</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.07924v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In the evolving landscape of terahertz communication, the behavior of channels within indoor environments, particularly through glass doors, has garnered significant attention. This paper comprehensively investigates terahertz channel performance under such conditions, employing a measurement setup operational between 113 and 170 GHz. Analyzing scenarios frequently induced by human activity and en… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.07924v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.07924v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.07924v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In the evolving landscape of terahertz communication, the behavior of channels within indoor environments, particularly through glass doors, has garnered significant attention. This paper comprehensively investigates terahertz channel performance under such conditions, employing a measurement setup operational between 113 and 170 GHz. Analyzing scenarios frequently induced by human activity and environmental factors, like door movements, we established a comprehensive theoretical model. This model seamlessly integrates transmission, reflection, absorption, and diffraction mechanisms, leveraging the Fresnel formula, multi-layer transmission paradigm, and knife-edge diffraction theory. Our experimental results and theoretical predictions harmoniously align, revealing intricate dependencies, such as increased power loss at higher frequencies and larger incident angles. Furthermore, door interactions, whether opening or oscillations, significantly impact the terahertz channel. Notably, door edges lead to a power blockage surpassing the transmission loss of the glass itself but remaining inferior to metallic handle interferences. This paper's insights are pivotal for the design and fabrication of terahertz communication systems within indoor settings, pushing the boundaries of efficient and reliable communication. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.07924v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.07924v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 14 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Scheduled to publish in Nano Communication Networks</span> </p> </li> </ol> <nav class="pagination 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