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Al-Khwârizmî — Wikipédia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Travaux"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Travaux</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Travaux-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Travaux</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Travaux-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mathématiques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathématiques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mathématiques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mathématiques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Astronomie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Astronomie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Astronomie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Astronomie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Histoire_et_géographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Histoire_et_géographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Histoire et géographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Histoire_et_géographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postérité" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postérité"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Postérité</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Postérité-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Postérité</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Postérité-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dans_le_monde_islamique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dans_le_monde_islamique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Dans le monde islamique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dans_le_monde_islamique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-En_Occident" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#En_Occident"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>En Occident</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-En_Occident-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hommages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hommages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hommages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hommages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Œuvres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Œuvres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Œuvres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Œuvres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Notes et références</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anglais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Anglais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Français" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Français"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Français</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Français-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Khwârizmî</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 143 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_ibn_Moesa_al-Chwarizmi" title="Mohammed ibn Moesa al-Chwarizmi – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mohammed ibn Moesa al-Chwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Chwarizmi" title="Al-Chwarizmi – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Al-Chwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%8D-%E1%88%97%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%9D%E1%88%9A" title="አል-ሗሪዝሚ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አል-ሗሪዝሚ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A" title="محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A" title="الخوارزمي – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="الخوارزمي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%89" title="الخوارزمى – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الخوارزمى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="अल-ख्वारिज्मी – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="अल-ख्वारिज्मी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fl-Xar%C9%99zmi" title="Əl-Xarəzmi – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əl-Xarəzmi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="خوارزمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="خوارزمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Әл-Хәрәзми – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әл-Хәрәзми" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – balinais" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khawarizmi" title="Al-Khawarizmi – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Al-Khawarizmi" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Мухамад Аль-Харэзмі – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мухамад Аль-Харэзмі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Мухамад Аль-Харэзьмі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мухамад Аль-Харэзьмі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Мохамед ал-Хорезми – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мохамед ал-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="मुहम्मद इब्न मूसा अल्-ख्वारिज़मी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मुहम्मद इब्न मूसा अल्-ख्वारिज़मी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – bichelamar" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bichelamar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF" title="মুহাম্মাদ ইবনে মুসা আল-খারেজমি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুহাম্মাদ ইবনে মুসা আল-খারেজমি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Abdullah_Muhammad_bin_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Musa al-Khwarizmi – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_bin_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khaw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muḥammad bin Mūsā al-Khawārizmī – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Muḥammad bin Mūsā al-Khawārizmī" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muh%C3%A0mmad_ibn_Mussa_al-Khwarazm%C3%AD" title="Muhàmmad ibn Mussa al-Khwarazmí – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Muhàmmad ibn Mussa al-Khwarazmí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Аль-Хорезми – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аль-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%85%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%95%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="محەممەد کوڕی مووسا خوارزمی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="محەممەد کوڕی مووسا خوارزمی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – corse" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/El-Harezmi" title="El-Harezmi – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="El-Harezmi" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Chorezm%C3%AD" title="Al-Chorezmí – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Al-Chorezmí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Chwarizmi" title="Al-Chwarizmi – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Al-Chwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xarezmi" title="Xarezmi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Xarezmi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB_%CE%A7%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BC%CE%B9" title="Αλ Χουαρίζμι – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλ Χουαρίζμι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-%C4%A4orezmi" title="Al-Ĥorezmi – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Al-Ĥorezmi" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Juarismi" title="Al-Juarismi – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Al-Juarismi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A9ammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muḩammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Muḩammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="خوارزمی – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوارزمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_khwarizmi" title="Al khwarizmi – peul" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Al khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="peul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Horazmi" title="Al-Horazmi – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Al-Horazmi" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kwarizmy" title="Al-Kwarizmy – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Al-Kwarizmy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%97%B1%E5%97%9E%E5%92%AA" title="哈嗱嗞咪 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="哈嗱嗞咪" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarismi" title="Al-Khwarismi – créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Al-Khwarismi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Juarismi" title="Al-Juarismi – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Al-Juarismi" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ibn_Musa_Alkhwarizmi" title="Muhammad Ibn Musa Alkhwarizmi – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Muhammad Ibn Musa Alkhwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%90_%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%97%27%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99" title="מוחמד אבן מוסא אל-ח&#039;ואריזמי – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוחמד אבן מוסא אל-ח&#039;ואריזמי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="मुहम्मद इब्न मूसा अल-ख़्वारिज़्मी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मुहम्मद इब्न मूसा अल-ख़्वारिज़्मी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – hindi fidjien" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hvarizmi" title="Al-Hvarizmi – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Al-Hvarizmi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C3%BAsza_l-Hv%C3%A1rizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Músza l-Hvárizmi – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Muhammad ibn Músza l-Hvárizmi" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC-%D4%BD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%AB" title="Ալ-Խորեզմի – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալ-Խորեզմի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamet_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Mohamet ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mohamet ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khawarizmi" title="Al-Khawarizmi – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Al-Khawarizmi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%BA%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC" title="フワーリズミー – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フワーリズミー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kuarizmis" title="kuarizmis – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kuarizmis" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi_al-Khati" title="Al-Khwarizmi al-Khati – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi al-Khati" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%93_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მუჰამად ბენ მუსა ალ-ხვარაზმი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუჰამად ბენ მუსა ალ-ხვარაზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A5emmed_Ibn_Musa_al-Xuwarzmi" title="Muḥemmed Ibn Musa al-Xuwarzmi – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Muḥemmed Ibn Musa al-Xuwarzmi" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Әл-Хорезми – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әл-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%B0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A6%88%EB%AF%B8" title="콰리즈미 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콰리즈미" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xwarezm%C3%AE" title="Xwarezmî – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xwarezmî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Мухаммед ал-Хорезми – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мухаммед ал-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorismus" title="Algorismus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Algorismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Ал-Хорезми – lezghien" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ал-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khawarizmi" title="Al-Khawarizmi – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Al-Khawarizmi" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Chwarizmi" title="Al-Chwarizmi – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Al-Chwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorezmis" title="Chorezmis – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chorezmis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Horezm%C4%AB" title="Al-Horezmī – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Al-Horezmī" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Ел-Хорезми – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ел-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD-%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF" title="മുഹമ്മദ് ഇബ്നു മൂസാ അൽ-ഖവാരിസ്മി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മുഹമ്മദ് ഇബ്നു മൂസാ അൽ-ഖവാരിസ്മി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Аль-Хорезми – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аль-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="मुहम्मद इब्न मुसा अल-ख्वारिझ्मी – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मुहम्मद इब्न मुसा अल-ख्वारिझ्मी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khawarizmi" title="Al-Khawarizmi – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Al-Khawarizmi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – mirandais" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%98%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%B0%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%87%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE" title="မိုဟာမက် အီဘင်မူဆာ အယ်ခိုဝါရစ်ဇမီ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မိုဟာမက် အီဘင်မူဆာ အယ်ခိုဝါရစ်ဇမီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Chwarizmi" title="Al-Chwarizmi – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Al-Chwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="मुहम्मद इब्न मूसा अल-ख़्वारिज़्मी – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मुहम्मद इब्न मूसा अल-ख़्वारिज़्मी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Chwarizmi" title="Al-Chwarizmi – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Al-Chwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE" title="Al-Khwârizmî – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Al-Khwârizmî" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2-%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80" title="ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਇਬਨ ਮੂਸਾ ਅਲ-ਖ਼ਵਾਰਿਜ਼ਮੀ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਇਬਨ ਮੂਸਾ ਅਲ-ਖ਼ਵਾਰਿਜ਼ਮੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Chuwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Chuwarizmi – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Chuwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Huwarizmi" title="Al-Huwarizmi – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Al-Huwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="محمد بن موسی خوارزمی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="محمد بن موسی خوارزمی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A" title="محمد بن موسی خوارزمي – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="محمد بن موسی خوارزمي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcuarismi" title="Alcuarismi – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alcuarismi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Аль-Хорезми – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аль-Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Ал-Хорезмі – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ал-Хорезмі" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="मुहम्मद इब्न् मूसा अल्-ख्वारिज्मी – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मुहम्मद इब्न् मूसा अल्-ख्वारिज्मी" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%BD_%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F_%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E-%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%BD%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱢᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱟ ᱟᱞ-ᱠᱷᱣᱟᱨᱤᱡᱽᱢᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱟ ᱟᱞ-ᱠᱷᱣᱟᱨᱤᱡᱽᱢᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A" title="الخوارزمي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="الخوارزمي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hvarizmi" title="Al-Hvarizmi – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Al-Hvarizmi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_al-Chorezm%C3%AD" title="Muhammad al-Chorezmí – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Muhammad al-Chorezmí" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Hvarizmi" title="Al Hvarizmi – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Al Hvarizmi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muxamed_bin_Muuse_al-Khawaarismi" title="Muxamed bin Muuse al-Khawaarismi – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Muxamed bin Muuse al-Khawaarismi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhamed_ibn_Musa_el-Kuarizmi" title="Muhamed ibn Musa el-Kuarizmi – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Muhamed ibn Musa el-Kuarizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Мухамед ел Хорезми – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мухамед ел Хорезми" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad bin Musa al-Khwarizmi – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Muhammad bin Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwarizmi" title="Khwarizmi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF" title="முகம்மது இப்னு மூசா அல்-குவாரிஸ்மி – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முகம்மது இப்னு மூசா அல்-குவாரிஸ்மி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF" title="ముహమ్మద్ ఇబ్న్ మూసా అల్ క్వారిజిమి – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ముహమ్మద్ ఇబ్న్ మూసా అల్ క్వారిజిమి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D3%AF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Муҳаммад ибни Мӯсои Хоразмӣ – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Муҳаммад ибни Мӯсои Хоразмӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="มุฮัมมัด อิบน์ มูซา อัลเคาะวาริซมี – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มุฮัมมัด อิบน์ มูซา อัลเคาะวาริซมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Horezmi" title="Al-Horezmi – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Al-Horezmi" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE" title="Hârizmî – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hârizmî" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Әл-Хәрәзми – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әл-Хәрәзми" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Аль-Хорезмі – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аль-Хорезмі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%B0_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="محمد بن موسیٰ خوارزمی – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="محمد بن موسیٰ خوارزمی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Xorazmiy" title="Al-Xorazmiy – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Al-Xorazmiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%8B%89%E5%AD%90%E7%B1%B3" title="花拉子米 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="花拉子米" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%93_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მუჰამად ბენ მუსა ალ-ხვარაზმი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მუჰამად ბენ მუსა ალ-ხვარაზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D6%BE%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99" title="אל־כוואריזמי – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אל־כוואריזמי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_M%C5%ABs%C4%81_al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB" title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%8B%89%E5%AD%90%E7%B1%B3" title="花拉子米 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="花拉子米" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%89%8C%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%86" title="花剌子密 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="花剌子密" 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l&#039;encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Al-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE_(homonymie)" class="mw-disambig" title="Al-Khwârizmî (homonymie)">Al-Khwârizmî (homonymie)</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/20px-Confusion_colour.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/30px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/40px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Ne pas confondre avec <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Ahmad_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Khwarizmi">Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Khwarizmi</a>, auteur de <i><a href="/wiki/Maf%C3%A2tih_al-%27Olum" title="Mafâtih al-&#39;Olum">Mafâtih al-'Olum</a></i> (Les clés des sciences). </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote bandeau-unicode"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Unicode" title="Aide:Unicode"><img alt="Page d’aide sur la police de caractères Unicode" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/OOjs_UI_icon_language-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_language-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/OOjs_UI_icon_language-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_language-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/OOjs_UI_icon_language-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_language-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cette page contient des caractères spéciaux ou non latins. S’ils s’affichent mal (<span style="font-style: normal;">▯,&#160;?</span>,&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr>), consultez la <a href="/wiki/Aide:Unicode" title="Aide:Unicode">page d’aide Unicode</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:280px"> <div class="entete icon defaut" style="background-color: #EEEEFF;"> <div>Al-Khwârizmî</div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:1983_CPA_5426.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/1983_CPA_5426.jpg/220px-1983_CPA_5426.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/1983_CPA_5426.jpg/330px-1983_CPA_5426.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/1983_CPA_5426.jpg/440px-1983_CPA_5426.jpg 2x" data-file-width="735" data-file-height="985" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend">Timbre <a href="/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques">soviétique</a> de <span class="nowrap">4 <a href="/wiki/Kopeck" title="Kopeck">kopecks</a></span> portrait fictif d'Al-Khwarîzmî, émis le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1989-09-06" data-sort-value="1989-09-06">6 septembre 1989</time> à l'occasion de son <abbr class="abbr" title="Mille deux centième">1200<sup>e</sup></abbr>&#160;anniversaire (789-1989).</div><table><caption class="hidden" style="">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Nom de naissance</th> <td> <i>Abû `Abd Allah Muhammad ben Mūsā al-Khawārizmī</i> <br />(en arabe <span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl">أبو عبد الله محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Naissance</th> <td> vers 780<br /><a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a>&#160;? dans le <a href="/wiki/Khwarezm" title="Khwarezm">Khwarezm</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-lieu_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lieu-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Califat_abbasside" title="Califat abbasside">Califat abbasside</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Décès</th> <td> vers 850<br /><a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Califat_abbasside" title="Califat abbasside">Califat abbasside</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Résidence</th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="hr" style="background-color:#DADAFF; height:1px;"></div> <table><caption class="hidden" style="">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Domaines</th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A8bre" title="Algèbre">algèbre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algorithmique" title="Algorithmique">algorithmique</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie">astronomie</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie" title="Géographie">géographie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Histoire" title="Histoire">histoire</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Institutions</th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Maison_de_la_sagesse" title="Maison de la sagesse">Maison de la sagesse</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Renommé pour</th> <td> <i><a href="/wiki/Abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9_du_calcul_par_la_restauration_et_la_comparaison" title="Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison">Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison</a></i></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#DADAFF;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE&amp;action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Scientifique" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p><b>Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe">arabe</a>&#160;: <span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl">محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي</span>), généralement appelé <b>Al-Khwârizmî</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latinisé</a> en <i>Algoritmi</i><sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ou <i>Algorizmi</i><sup id="cite_ref-Allard1997_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allard1997-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>), né dans les <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_780" title="Années 780">années 780</a>, probablement à <a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a> dans la région du <a href="/wiki/Khwarezm" title="Khwarezm">Khwarezm</a> (d'où il prend son nom), dans l'actuel <a href="/wiki/Ouzb%C3%A9kistan" title="Ouzbékistan">Ouzbékistan</a><sup id="cite_ref-lieu_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lieu-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, mort vers <a href="/wiki/850" title="850">850</a> à <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>, est un <a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9maticien" title="Mathématicien">mathématicien</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ographe_(m%C3%A9tier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Géographe (métier)">géographe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrologie" title="Astrologie">astrologue</a> et <a href="/wiki/Astronome" title="Astronome">astronome</a> <a href="/wiki/Empire_perse" title="Empire perse">persan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Oaks_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oaks-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, membre de la <a href="/wiki/Maison_de_la_sagesse" title="Maison de la sagesse">Maison de la sagesse</a> de Bagdad. Ses écrits, rédigés en <a href="/wiki/Langue_arabe" class="mw-redirect" title="Langue arabe">langue arabe</a>, puis traduits en latin à partir du <abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, ont permis l'introduction de l'<a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A8bre" title="Algèbre">algèbre</a> en <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a><sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Sa vie s'est déroulée en totalité à l'époque de la dynastie <a href="/wiki/Abbasside" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasside">abbasside</a>. </p><p>Son nom latinisé est à l’origine du mot <i><a href="/wiki/Algorithme" title="Algorithme">algorithme</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Univ_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Univ-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et le titre de l'un de ses ouvrages (<i><a href="/wiki/Abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9_du_calcul_par_la_restauration_et_la_comparaison" title="Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison">Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison</a></i>) est à l'origine du mot <i>algèbre</i>, discipline mathématique connue depuis l’antiquité. L'utilisation des <a href="/wiki/Chiffres_arabes" title="Chiffres arabes">chiffres arabes</a> et leur diffusion dans le <a href="/wiki/Moyen-Orient" title="Moyen-Orient">Moyen-Orient</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> serait dues à un autre de ses livres nommé <i><a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_indiennes" title="Mathématiques indiennes">Traité du système de numération des Indiens</a></i> qui fut diffusé via la langue arabe dans tout l'empire abbasside. Al-Khawarizmi a classifié les algorithmes existants, en particulier selon leurs critères de terminaison, mais ne les a pas inventés. L'algorithme le plus connu du monde est <a href="/wiki/Algorithme_d%27Euclide" title="Algorithme d&#39;Euclide">celui d'Euclide</a>, au programme d'enseignement de tous les pays. Les premiers algorithmes répertoriés ont été retrouvés dans des régions qui les utilisaient pour des applications pratiques (mesures, transactions commerciales, architecture...), à <a href="/wiki/Babylone" title="Babylone">Babylone</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="toc_niveau_2" style=";"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographie">Biographie</h2></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Al-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE" title="Spécial:EditPage/Al-Khwârizmî">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue&#160;! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire&#160;?</a></div></div> <p>Il est probablement né à <a href="/wiki/Khiva" title="Khiva">Khiva</a> (<span class="nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="vers">v.</abbr>&#160;780</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-D650_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D650-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Dans certaines biographies, on trouve la version de l'historien <a href="/wiki/Tabari" title="Tabari">Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari</a> (838-923), qui lui ajoute un <span class="citation">«&#160;Al-Qutrubulli&#160;»</span>, qui signifie que ses ancêtres étaient originaires du <a href="/wiki/Khwarezm" title="Khwarezm">Khwarezm</a>, mais que lui-même était né à Qutrubull, une petite localité près de Bagdad. Des études fiables situent sa famille dans la communauté venant du Khwarezm et on peut le considérer comme un mathématicien arabisé, plutôt que comme un mathématicien arabe<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les événements de la vie d’Al-Khwârismî sont peu connus<sup id="cite_ref-D650_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D650-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, mais il existe de nombreuses traces de ses travaux scientifiques<sup id="cite_ref-D650_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D650-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Mathématicien, historien et géographe<sup id="cite_ref-D650_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D650-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, considéré parfois comme <span class="citation">«&#160;le père de l’algèbre et le premier vulgarisateur du <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_de_num%C3%A9ration_indo-arabe" title="Système de numération indo-arabe">système décimal positionnel</a>&#160;»</span> (qu’il emprunte à la culture indienne<sup id="cite_ref-D650_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D650-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>), il est, de son vivant, connu en tant qu’astronome<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il meurt vers 850. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Travaux">Travaux</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mathématiques"><span id="Math.C3.A9matiques"></span>Mathématiques</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg/220px-Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>Première page du <i>Kitāb al-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:The_Algebra_of_Mohammed_ben_Musa_(Arabic).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/The_Algebra_of_Mohammed_ben_Musa_%28Arabic%29.png/220px-The_Algebra_of_Mohammed_ben_Musa_%28Arabic%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/The_Algebra_of_Mohammed_ben_Musa_%28Arabic%29.png/330px-The_Algebra_of_Mohammed_ben_Musa_%28Arabic%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/The_Algebra_of_Mohammed_ben_Musa_%28Arabic%29.png 2x" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Méthode de <a href="/wiki/Compl%C3%A9tion_du_carr%C3%A9" title="Complétion du carré">complétion du carré</a>, ici présentée dans l’ouvrage <i>The Algebra of Mohammed ben Musa</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Al-Khwârismî est l'auteur de plusieurs ouvrages de mathématiques. Le plus célèbre<sup id="cite_ref-McT_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McT-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, intitulé <i>Kitābu 'l-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisābi 'l-jabr wa'l-muqābalah</i> (<span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl">كتاب المختصر في حساب الجبر والمقابلة</span>), ou <i><a href="/wiki/Abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9_du_calcul_par_la_restauration_et_la_comparaison" title="Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison">Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison</a></i>, publié sous le règne d'<a href="/wiki/Al-Ma%E2%80%99m%C5%ABn" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Ma’mūn">Al-Ma’mūn</a> (813-833), <span class="citation">«&#160;est considéré comme le premier manuel d'algèbre<sup id="cite_ref-Univ_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Univ-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;»</span>. Ce livre contient six chapitres. Il ne contient aucun chiffre. Toutes les équations sont exprimées avec des mots. Le carré de l'<a href="/wiki/Inconnue_(math%C3%A9matiques)#L&#39;apport_de_la_civilisation_arabe" title="Inconnue (mathématiques)">inconnue</a> est nommé «&#160;le carré&#160;» ou <i>mâl</i>, l'inconnue est «&#160;la chose&#160;» ou <i>shay</i> (<i>šay</i>), la racine est le <i>jidhr</i>, la constante est le <i>dirham</i> ou <i>adǎd</i>. Al-Khwârismî définit ainsi six <a href="/wiki/Fonction_du_second_degr%C3%A9#Forme_canonique" title="Fonction du second degré">équations canoniques</a> auxquelles peuvent être ramenés les problèmes concrets d'héritage, d'arpentage des terres, ou de transactions commerciales. Par exemple, l'équation «&#160;des biens sont égaux aux racines&#160;» équivaudrait de nos jours à une équation de la forme <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle ax^{2}=bx}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle ax^{2}=bx}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9cdd324cb34483be0bc1f040729c9de8ca44f006" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:9.039ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle ax^{2}=bx}"></span><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le titre de l'œuvre est fondé sur deux mots. Le premier terme, <i>al-jabr</i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, qui est repris par les Européens et devient plus tard le mot <i><a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A8bre" title="Algèbre">algèbre</a></i>, signifie <span class="citation">«&#160;restauration&#160;»</span> ou —&#160;ce qui signifie la même chose&#160;— transposition des termes d'une équation. Par exemple, pour résoudre <b>4x² - 5x + 7 = 15</b>, au moyen du concept d'<span class="citation">«&#160;algèbre&#160;»</span>, il faut que <b>4x² - 5x + 5x + 7 = 15 + 5x</b> , donc <b>4x² + 7 = 15 + 5x</b>. D'autre part, la <span class="citation">«&#160;muqabala&#160;»</span>, ou opposition (ou encore <span class="citation">«&#160;réduction&#160;»</span>), est ce qui permet de réduire l'équation, en simplifiant les termes homologues&#160;: <b>4x² = 8 + 5x</b><sup id="cite_ref-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018102_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018102-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Diophante_d%27Alexandrie" title="Diophante d&#39;Alexandrie">Diophante d'Alexandrie</a>, considéré comme le «&#160;précurseur de l'algèbre<sup id="cite_ref-LFP_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LFP-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;», n’est probablement pas connu d'Al-Khwârismî. En effet, la première traduction en arabe des <i><a href="/wiki/Arithm%C3%A9tiques" title="Arithmétiques">Arithmétiques</a></i> n'apparaît que plusieurs décennies après l&#39;<i>Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison</i><sup id="cite_ref-LFP_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LFP-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, à la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, soit près de cinquante ans après la mort d'Al-Khwârismî<sup id="cite_ref-AD_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AD-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ainsi, son apport avec ce «&#160;premier manuel<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;» est tel qu'il conduit parfois à considérer Al-Khwârismî comme «&#160;le père de l'algèbre<sup id="cite_ref-AD_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AD-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;». </p><p>Un autre ouvrage, dont l'original en arabe a disparu<sup id="cite_ref-McT_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McT-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, <i>Kitābu 'l-ĵāmi` wa 't-tafrīq bi-ḥisābi 'l-Hind</i> (<span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl">كتاب الجامع و التفريق بحساب الهند</span>, <i>Livre de l'addition et de la soustraction d'après le calcul indien</i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>), décrit le <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_de_num%C3%A9ration_indo-arabe" title="Système de numération indo-arabe">système de numération décimale</a> qu'il a observé chez les Indiens. Il est le vecteur de la diffusion de ces chiffres dans le <a href="/wiki/Moyen-Orient" title="Moyen-Orient">Moyen-Orient</a> et dans le <a href="/wiki/Califat_de_Cordoue" title="Califat de Cordoue">califat de Cordoue</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Vers la fin du <a href="/wiki/XIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</a>, avec la <a href="/wiki/Reconquista" title="Reconquista">Reconquista</a>, les chrétiens reprennent aux musulmans des territoires. Ils gagnent ainsi accès à de nombreux manuscrits, notamment scientifiques. Par la suite, c'est surtout au <a href="/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</a> que de nombreux textes sont traduits de l'arabe au <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Parmi ces traductions, il nous reste quatre adaptations en latin du livre d'Al-Khwarizmi sur les chiffres indiens. Ces adaptations datent au moins en partie du <a href="/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</a>. Il n'y a pas de consensus sur les auteurs de ces textes<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En Occident, cette version des chiffres indiens deviendra connue sous le nom de <a href="/wiki/Chiffres_arabes" title="Chiffres arabes">chiffres arabes</a>, vu leur transmission via le monde arabo-musulman. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Astronomie">Astronomie</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_(1).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Page d&#39;ouvrage ancien." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_%281%29.png/220px-Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_%281%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_%281%29.png/330px-Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_%281%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_%281%29.png/440px-Corpus_Christ_College_MS_283_%281%29.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="1079" /></a><figcaption>Tables astronomiques d'al-Khwārizmī<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Al-Khwârismî est l'auteur d'un <a href="/wiki/Zij" title="Zij">zij</a>, paru en <a href="/wiki/830" title="830">830</a>, connu sous le nom de <i>Zīj al-Sindhind</i> (<i>Tables indiennes</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ces tables, composées sous le règne d'<a href="/wiki/Al-Ma%E2%80%99m%C5%ABn" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Ma’mūn">Al-Ma’mūn</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, sont une compilation de sources indiennes et grecques. Certains éléments des <i>Tables faciles</i> de <a href="/wiki/Claude_Ptol%C3%A9m%C3%A9e" title="Claude Ptolémée">Ptolémée</a> y sont repris. Les méthodes de calcul, notamment l'utilisation du <a href="/wiki/Sinus_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Sinus (mathématiques)">sinus</a> sont inspirées des Indiens<sup id="cite_ref-RM36_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RM36-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et se fondent sur un ouvrage indien offert, en 773, au calife <a href="/wiki/Al-Mansur_(Abbasside)" title="Al-Mansur (Abbasside)">Al-Mansur</a> et traduit par <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Fazari" title="Muhammad al-Fazari">Muhammad al-Fazari</a><sup id="cite_ref-AA21_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA21-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Elles s'appuient sur le calendrier persan et prennent pour origine des longitudes le méridien d'Arim<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ces tables sont les plus anciennes tables du monde arabe qui nous soient parvenues<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-AA21_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA21-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. De tradition indienne, c'est-à-dire présentant des techniques de calculs, sans théorie planétaire, elles auront une grande influence dans la constitution des tables astronomiques de l'Occident arabe<sup id="cite_ref-RM36_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RM36-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Il est aussi l'auteur de trois ouvrages consacrés à des instruments&#160;: un ouvrage mineur sur le <a href="/wiki/Cadran_solaire" title="Cadran solaire">cadran solaire</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sesiano2008-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, un livre sur la réalisation de l'<a href="/wiki/Astrolabe" title="Astrolabe">astrolabe</a> et un livre sur l'utilisation de l'astrolabe<sup id="cite_ref-AA21_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA21-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Son ouvrage sur le calendrier juif est un des plus anciens exposé sur le sujet<sup id="cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sesiano2008-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il y expose le découpage de l'année, la position des étoiles à certaines moments clefs<sup id="cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sesiano2008-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il est en outre l'auteur des premières tables connues pour régler les heures des prières de la journée<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>28<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Comme de nombreux astronomes de cette époque, Al-Khwârizmî est aussi astrologue. Selon l'historien <a href="/wiki/Tabari" title="Tabari">Tabari</a>, Al-Khwârizmî a prédit, avec un groupe d'astrologues, la longue durée de vie du calife (et les cinquante ans qui lui restent à vivre) alors que ce dernier meurt dix jours après la prédiction<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>29<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Histoire_et_géographie"><span id="Histoire_et_g.C3.A9ographie"></span>Histoire et géographie</h3></div> <p>Son <i>Traité de Géographie</i> est inspiré de celui de <a href="/wiki/Claude_Ptol%C3%A9m%C3%A9e" title="Claude Ptolémée">Ptolémée</a>, enrichi par les rapports des marchands arabes en ce qui concerne le monde islamique. Il y donne la longitude et latitude de points remarquables du monde connu (villes, montagnes, îles,&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr>) Il aurait aussi écrit une chronique historique de son époque, qui ne nous est connue que par les références qu'y font des historiens plus récents<sup id="cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sesiano2008-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Postérité"><span id="Post.C3.A9rit.C3.A9"></span>Postérité</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dans_le_monde_islamique">Dans le monde islamique</h3></div> <p>Les écrits d'Al-Khwârismî se répandent dans le monde arabe. Son <i><a href="/wiki/Abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9_du_calcul_par_la_restauration_et_la_comparaison" title="Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison">Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison</a></i> sert de fondement au développement des mathématiques par les algébristes postérieurs. Ses tables astronomiques sont utilisées jusqu'en <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Andalousie</a> sous le règne d'<a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_II" title="Abd al-Rahman II">Abd al-Rahman II</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>30<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le mathématicien arabe qui, à la suite d'Al-Khwârismî, consacre son œuvre à l'algèbre, est l'Égyptien <a href="/wiki/Abu_Kamil" title="Abu Kamil">Abu Kamil</a>, entre le milieu du <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle et le milieu du <abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle. Il reconnaît que, un siècle après son modèle, aucun ouvrage d'algèbre ne l'a surpassé. L&#39;<i>Algèbre</i> d'Abu Kamil est un ouvrage destiné à un public d'experts en mathématiques, et tout en reconnaissant la valeur du legs d'Al-Khwârismî, son auteur présente son propre travail comme supérieur à celui de son prédécesseur. À la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle et au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, le mathématicien persan <a href="/wiki/Al-Karaji" title="Al-Karaji">Al-Karaji</a> franchit une nouvelle étape dans l'histoire de l'algèbre&#160;: il la détache de la géométrie —&#160;ce que ni Al-Khwârismî ni Abu Kamil n'avaient pu faire&#160;— dans ses ouvrages intitulés <i>Gloire de l'algèbre et de la muqabala</i> et <i>Merveilles du calcul</i>. Ensuite, la grande étape franchie par l'algèbre musulmane est la résolution de l'équation cubique. Dans le domaine des mathématiques, le poète et mathématicien persan <a href="/wiki/Omar_Khayyam" title="Omar Khayyam">Omar Khayyam</a> (1048?-1131) a écrit plusieurs ouvrages. Le plus important est un traité d'arithmétique qui inclut un algorithme de calcul de la racine <i>n</i>-ième de n'importe quel nombre<sup id="cite_ref-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018123-124/126_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018123-124/126-41"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>31<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="En_Occident">En Occident</h3></div> <p>Au Moyen Âge, la première partie de l'œuvre d'Al-Khwârismî est traduite en <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a> au moins à trois occasions. La première traduction est faite par l'Anglais <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Chester" title="Robert de Chester">Robert de Chester</a>, à <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9govie" title="Ségovie">Ségovie</a>, vers l'an 1145. Un peu plus tard, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Cr%C3%A9mone" title="Gérard de Crémone">Gérard de Crémone</a> en fait une à Tolède<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, et la troisième est attribuée à l'Italien Guillaume de Luna<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-dorce103_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dorce103-42"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>L'Occident latin prend alors connaissance de l'œuvre. La traduction de son <i>Livre de l'addition et de la soustraction d'après le calcul indien</i> apparaît en Europe, mâtinée d'autres sources comme <a href="/wiki/Bo%C3%A8ce" title="Boèce">Boèce</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Nicomaque_de_G%C3%A9rase" title="Nicomaque de Gérase">Nicomaque de Gérase</a>, sous de nombreuses versions et plusieurs titres&#160;: <i>Dixit Algorizmi</i>, (un des plus anciens), <i>Liber Ysagogarum Alchorismi</i>, <i>Liber Alchorismi</i><sup id="cite_ref-Allard1997_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allard1997-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Si l'on excepte le <i>Dixit Algorizmi</i>, il est possible que les termes <i>alchorismus</i>, <i>algorismus</i>, <i>algoarismus</i>, que l'on trouve au milieu du <abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle désigne déjà la méthode de calcul indien avec les 9 chiffres et le zéro<sup id="cite_ref-Allard1997_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allard1997-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ce terme francisé en algorisme puis algorithme va désigner par la suite un <span class="citation">«&#160;mécanisme réglant le fonctionnement de la pensée organisée&#160;»</span><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>33<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>La méthode de résolution des équations par restauration et comparaison (al-jabr et al-muqabala) est reprise par les savants arabes et arrive en Europe par de nombreuses sources. Dès le début du <abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, on sait que l'on peut résoudre les équations par al-jabr et al-muqabala. <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Chester" title="Robert de Chester">Robert de Chester</a> traduit partiellement vers 1145 le livre d'Al-Khwârismî (il ne traduit ni les problèmes d'arpentages et d'héritage, ni les problèmes relevant de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89quation_diophantienne" title="Équation diophantienne">analyse diophantienne</a>). Mais celui qui popularise la méthode, sous le nom de <i>secundum modum algebre et almuchabale</i>, est <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Fibonacci" title="Leonardo Fibonacci">Fibonacci</a>, en 1202, dans son <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Abaci" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber Abaci">Liber Abaci</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Allard1997_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allard1997-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Ses <i>Tables astronomiques</i>, reprises par l'astronome d'Espagne <a href="/wiki/Maslama_al-Mayriti" title="Maslama al-Mayriti">Maslama al-Mayriti</a>, puis traduites vers 1126 par <a href="/wiki/Adelard_de_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelard de Bath">Adelard de Bath</a>, sont une des trois sources arabes principales ayant servi à l'initiation des astronomes latins. Elles entrent pour une part dans la constitution des <i><a href="/wiki/Tables_de_Tol%C3%A8de" title="Tables de Tolède">Tables de Tolède</a></i> qui auront une grande influence sur l'astronomie européenne du <abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>34<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hommages">Hommages</h2></div> <p>En hommage à ses travaux, plusieurs objets astronomiques portent son nom&#160;: </p> <ul><li>le cratère <a href="/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi_(crat%C3%A8re)" title="Al-Khwarizmi (cratère)">Al-Khwârizmî</a>&#160;;</li> <li>deux astéroïdes&#160;: <a href="/wiki/(11156)_Al-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE" title="(11156) Al-Khwârizmî">(11156) Al-Khwârizmî</a> et <a href="/wiki/(13498)_Al_Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE" title="(13498) Al Khwârizmî">(13498) Al Khwârizmî</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Œuvres"><span id=".C5.92uvres"></span>Œuvres</h2></div> <ul><li>A. Allard (édi.), <i>Muhammad ibn Mûsâ al-Khwârizmî, Le calcul indien (algorismus). Histoire des textes, édition critique, traduction et commentaire</i>, Paris, Blanchard, 1992.</li> <li>al-Khwârizmî, <i>Le commencement de l'algèbre</i>, trad. <a href="/wiki/Roshdi_Rashed" title="Roshdi Rashed">Roshdi Rashed</a>, Blanchard, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Sciences dans l'histoire&#160;», 2007.</li> <li>Al-Khwârizmî, <i>Le calcul indien</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:30em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-lieu-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-lieu_2-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-lieu_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Si ce sont ses parents qui ont émigré à Bagdad, alors il y est peut-être né.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Ou <b>Al-Khwarizmi</b> dont le nom entier est en <a href="/wiki/Persan" title="Persan">persan</a>&#160;: <span class="lang-fa" lang="fa" dir="rtl"><i>Abû Ja`far Muhammad ben Mūsā Khwārezmī</i> ابوجعفر محمد بن موسی خوارزمی</span> ou <i>Abû `Abd Allah Muhammad ben Mūsā al-Khawārizmī</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe">arabe</a><span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> أبو عبد الله محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي </span>, également orthographié comme <i>Abu Abudllah Muhammad bin Musa Al-Khwârismî</i> ou <i>Al-Khorezmi</i>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><i>Al-jabr</i> est resté avec son sens originel de <i>restauration / remise en place</i> dans le mot espagnol <i>algebrista</i> qui désigne un «&#160;rebouteux&#160;» qui remet en place les articulations et les os démis<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Sans contredit un des plus importants de l'<a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_l%27alg%C3%A8bre" title="Chronologie de l&#39;algèbre">histoire de l'algèbre</a><sup id="cite_ref-Charb_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charb-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Selon la tradition historique arabe, le médecin indien Kanka fut nommé ambassadeur à la cour d'<a href="/wiki/Al-Mansur_(Abbasside)" title="Al-Mansur (Abbasside)">Al-Mansur</a> (714-775) et vint à Bagdad muni de divers manuels scientifiques indiens, parmi lesquels un ouvrage sur le système positionnel en numération. <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Fazari" title="Muhammad al-Fazari">Muhammad al-Fazari</a> (actif jusque 800) fut l'auteur de la première traduction en arabe et celle-ci servit de base de travail à Al-Khwârizmî pour rédiger son <i>Livre de l'addition et de la soustraction d'après le calcul indien</i>, aujourd'hui perdu<sup id="cite_ref-dorce49_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dorce49-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas" title="Abbas ibn Firnas">Abbas ibn Firnas</a> (mort en 887) l'apporta à la cour d'<a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_II" title="Abd al-Rahman II">Abd al-Rahman II</a> à Cordoue et le diffusa en Andalousie<sup id="cite_ref-dorce49_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dorce49-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Cet ouvrage se fonde sur la traduction en arabe du <i>Brahmagupta-siddhanta</i> de <a href="/wiki/Brahmagupta" title="Brahmagupta">Brahmagupta</a>, réalisée autour de 775. L'ouvrage s'appuie aussi sur le <i>Zij al-Shah</i> et sur le <i>Khandakhâdyaka</i>, du même Brahmagupta<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Ahmed Djebbar précise que le nom d'Al-Khwârizmî n'apparait pas sur le liste d'astronomes à qui al-Ma'mum chargea <span class="citation">«&#160;de mener à bien un programme scientifique&#160;»</span> et suppose qu'il a travaillé <span class="citation">«&#160;de manière indépendante&#160;»</span> à cet ouvrage achevé après 813<sup id="cite_ref-AA20_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA20-31"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Selon Jean-Pierre Boudet (Jean-Patrice Boudet, Entre science et nigromance&#160;: astrologie, divination et magie dans l'Occident médieval, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BwT2R4Fii5gC&amp;pg=PA44"><abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;44</a>), il s'agit d'une montagne imaginaire de Perse. Selon <a href="/wiki/Louis-Pierre-Eug%C3%A8ne_S%C3%A9dillot" title="Louis-Pierre-Eugène Sédillot">Louis-Amélie Sédillot</a> (Louis-Amélie Sédillot, mémoire sur les systèmes géographiques des Grecs et des Arabes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=17JBAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA3"><abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;3</a>), c'est une ville des Indes Orientales.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">La première œuvre dans sa totalité, par l'intermédiaire de la traduction latine. Le texte arabe est perdu<sup id="cite_ref-RM36_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RM36-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Actif à Tolède de 1157 à 1187<sup id="cite_ref-dorce103_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dorce103-42"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Actif à Tolède jusque 1258<sup id="cite_ref-dorce103_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dorce103-42"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:30em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Lennart_Berggren" title="John Lennart Berggren">John Lennart Berggren</a>, <i>Episodes in the Mathematics of Medieval Islam. New York: Springer Science+Business Media</i>, 1986 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-387-96318-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-387-96318-9"><span class="nowrap">0-387-96318-9</span></a>)</small>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_4-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_4-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/al-Khwarizmi"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Al-Khwārizmī</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allard1997-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Allard1997_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allard1997_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allard1997_5-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Allard1997_5-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Allard1997">Allard 1997</a>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oaks-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Oaks_6-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Oaks"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jeffrey_A._Oaks"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Jeffrey A. <span class="nom_auteur">Oaks</span>, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://facstaff.uindy.edu/~oaks/MHMC.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Was Al-Khwârismî an applied algebraist?</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27Indianapolis" title="Université d&#39;Indianapolis">Université d'Indianapolis</a></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Allāh.1977"><span class="ouvrage" id="Daffāʻ,_ʻAlī_ʻAbd_Allāh.1977">Daffāʻ, ʻAlī ʻAbd <span class="nom_auteur">Allāh.</span>, <cite class="italique">The Muslim contribution to mathematics</cite>, Croom Helm, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1977-01-01" data-sort-value="1977-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 1977</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0856644641" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0856644641"><span class="nowrap">0856644641</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Muslim+contribution+to+mathematics&amp;rft.pub=Croom+Helm&amp;rft.aulast=All%C4%81h.&amp;rft.aufirst=Daff%C4%81%CA%BB%2C+%CA%BBAl%C4%AB+%CA%BBAbd&amp;rft.date=1977-01-01&amp;rft.isbn=0856644641&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Univ-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Univ_8-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Univ_8-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pire"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bernard_Pire">Bernard Pire, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/al-khwarizmi/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Al-Khwârismî</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Universalis" title="Encyclopædia Universalis">Encyclopædia Universalis</a></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://steiner.math.nthu.edu.tw/disk5/js/computer/1.pdf">Anciens algorithmes babyloniens</a>, par <a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D650-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-D650_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-D650_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-D650_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-D650_10-3">d</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-D650_10-4">e</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Argon2006">Argon 2006</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dorce_PoloGarnier2018">Dorce Polo et Garnier 2018</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#DjebbarRosmorduc2001">Djebbar et Rosmorduc 2001</a>, Quelques grands astronomes, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McT-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-McT_13-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-McT_13-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="O&#39;ConnorRobertson"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_J._O&#39;ConnorEdmund_F._Robertson"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/John_J._O%27Connor" title="John J. O&#39;Connor">John J. O'Connor</a> et <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Robertson" title="Edmund Robertson">Edmund F. Robertson</a>, «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Khwârismî"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwârismî</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics archive">MacTutor</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_St_Andrews" title="Université de St Andrews">université de St Andrews</a></span></span>..</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lemarchand2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="Fabienne_Lemarchand2009">Fabienne Lemarchand, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Les six équations canoniques d' Al-Khwârizmî</cite>&#160;», <i>Les cahiers de Science &amp; Vie</i>,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-12" data-sort-value="2009-12">décembre 2009</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;79<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Les+six+%C3%A9quations+canoniques+d%27+Al-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE&amp;rft.jtitle=Les+cahiers+de+Science+%26+Vie&amp;rft.aulast=Lemarchand&amp;rft.aufirst=Fabienne&amp;rft.date=2009-12&amp;rft.pages=79&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lema.rae.es/drae/?val=algebrista"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">Algebrista (2)</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola" title="Diccionario de la lengua española">Diccionario de la lengua española</a></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018102-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018102_17-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dorce_PoloGarnier2018">Dorce Polo et Garnier 2018</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;102. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LFP-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-LFP_18-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-LFP_18-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2012"><cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;IV. Les Grecs tardifs, du <abbr class="abbr" title="3ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">III</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#32;au&#32;<abbr class="abbr" title="5ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">V</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle&#160;»</cite>, dans Jérôme Gavin et Alain Schärlig, <cite class="italique">Longtemps avant l'algèbre&#160;: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9thode_de_la_fausse_position" title="Méthode de la fausse position">La fausse position</a>&#160;: Ou comment on a posé le faux pour connaître le vrai, des Pharaons aux temps modernes</cite>, Lausanne, <a href="/wiki/Presses_polytechniques_et_universitaires_romandes" title="Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes">PPUR</a>, <time>2012</time>, 222&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=82jvet4X4QwC&amp;dq=pas%20connaître&amp;pg=PA56">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;56<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Longtemps+avant+l%27alg%C3%A8bre&amp;rft.atitle=IV.+Les+Grecs+tardifs%2C+du+IIIe%26%2332%3Bau%26%2332%3BVe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&amp;rft.place=Lausanne&amp;rft.pub=PPUR&amp;rft.stitle=%5B%5BM%C3%A9thode+de+la+fausse+position%7CLa+fausse+position%5D%5D+%3A+Ou+comment+on+a+pos%C3%A9+le+faux+pour+conna%C3%AEtre+le+vrai%2C+des+Pharaons+aux+temps+modernes&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.pages=56&amp;rft.tpages=222&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AD-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-AD_19-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-AD_19-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Djebbar2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ahmed_Djebbar2001"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Djebbar" title="Ahmed Djebbar">Ahmed <span class="nom_auteur">Djebbar</span></a>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">La naissance de l’Algèbre</cite>&#160;», <i>Réciproques</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;15,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2001-05" data-sort-value="2001-05">mai 2001</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mathematiques.ac-bordeaux.fr/profplus/publica/bulletin/bull15/naissalg.htm">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-19" data-sort-value="2015-03-19">19 mars 2015</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=La+naissance+de+l%E2%80%99Alg%C3%A8bre&amp;rft.jtitle=R%C3%A9ciproques&amp;rft.issue=15&amp;rft.aulast=Djebbar&amp;rft.aufirst=Ahmed&amp;rft.date=2001-05&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmathematiques.ac-bordeaux.fr%2Fprofplus%2Fpublica%2Fbulletin%2Fbull15%2Fnaissalg.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Charb-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Charb_20-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Charbonneau1992"><span class="ouvrage" id="Louis_Charbonneau1992">Louis Charbonneau, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Du raisonnement laissé à lui-même au raisonnement outillé: l'algèbre depuis Babylone jusqu'à <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%A8te" class="mw-redirect" title="Viète">Viète</a></cite>&#160;», <i>Bulletin de l'Association des Mathématiques du Québec</i>,&#8206; <time>1992</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;11 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archimede.mat.ulaval.ca/amq/archives/1991/4/1991-4-part5.pdf">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-19" data-sort-value="2015-03-19">19 mars 2015</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Du+raisonnement+laiss%C3%A9+%C3%A0+lui-m%C3%AAme+au+raisonnement+outill%C3%A9%3A+l%27alg%C3%A8bre+depuis+Babylone+jusqu%27%C3%A0+Vi%C3%A8te&amp;rft.jtitle=Bulletin+de+l%27Association+des+Math%C3%A9matiques+du+Qu%C3%A9bec&amp;rft.aulast=Charbonneau&amp;rft.aufirst=Louis&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.pages=11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchimede.mat.ulaval.ca%2Famq%2Farchives%2F1991%2F4%2F1991-4-part5.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mashaal2004"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maurice_Mashaal2004">Maurice <span class="nom_auteur">Mashaal</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;Les mathématiques&#160;»</cite>, dans <a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_La_Cotardi%C3%A8re" title="Philippe de La Cotardière">Philippe de La Cotardière</a>, <cite class="italique">Histoire des sciences</cite>, <time>2004</time> <small>&#91;<a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence:Histoire_des_sciences_(La_Cotardi%C3%A8re)" title="Référence:Histoire des sciences (La Cotardière)">détail de l’édition</a>&#93;</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">19-104</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+des+sciences&amp;rft.atitle=Les+math%C3%A9matiques&amp;rft.aulast=Mashaal&amp;rft.aufirst=Maurice&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.pages=19-104&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dorce49-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dorce49_23-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-dorce49_23-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dorce_PoloGarnier2018">Dorce Polo et Garnier 2018</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ambrosetti2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Nadia_Ambrosetti2008"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : italien">(it)</abbr> Nadia Ambrosetti, <cite class="italique" lang="it">L'eredità arabo-islamica nelle scienze e nelle arti del calcolo dell'Europa medievale</cite>, Milan, LED, <time>2008</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-88-7916-388-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-88-7916-388-0"><span class="nowrap">978-88-7916-388-0</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=wp23Le5nxMEC&amp;pg=PA104">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;104<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%27eredit%C3%A0+arabo-islamica+nelle+scienze+e+nelle+arti+del+calcolo+dell%27Europa+medievale&amp;rft.place=Milan&amp;rft.pub=LED&amp;rft.aulast=Ambrosetti&amp;rft.aufirst=Nadia&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.pages=104&amp;rft.isbn=978-88-7916-388-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ambrosetti2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Nadia_Ambrosetti2008"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : italien">(it)</abbr> Nadia Ambrosetti, <cite class="italique" lang="it">L'eredità arabo-islamica nelle scienze e nelle arti del calcolo dell'Europa medievale</cite>, Milan, LED, <time>2008</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-88-7916-388-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-88-7916-388-0"><span class="nowrap">978-88-7916-388-0</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=wp23Le5nxMEC&amp;pg=PA197">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;197, 200, 203<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%27eredit%C3%A0+arabo-islamica+nelle+scienze+e+nelle+arti+del+calcolo+dell%27Europa+medievale&amp;rft.place=Milan&amp;rft.pub=LED&amp;rft.aulast=Ambrosetti&amp;rft.aufirst=Nadia&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.pages=197%2C+200%2C+203&amp;rft.isbn=978-88-7916-388-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">D'après <span class="ouvrage" id="al-KhwārizmīNeugebauer1962"><span class="ouvrage" id="al-KhwārizmīOtto_Neugebauer1962"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> al-Khwārizmī et <a href="/wiki/Otto_Neugebauer" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto Neugebauer">Otto Neugebauer</a> (traduction et commentaires de l'édition latine de <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Suter" title="Heinrich Suter">Heinrich Suter</a> (1914), complété par Corpus Christi College MS 283), <cite class="italique" lang="en">The astronomical tables of al-Khwārizmi</cite>, København, I kommission hos Munksgaard, <time>1962</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalacademy.dk/Publications/Low/736_Neugebauer,%20O.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, Plate I<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+astronomical+tables+of+al-Khw%C4%81rizmi&amp;rft.place=K%C3%B8benhavn&amp;rft.pub=I+kommission+hos+Munksgaard&amp;rft.au=al-Khw%C4%81rizm%C4%AB&amp;rft.au=Otto+Neugebauer&amp;rft.date=1962&amp;rft.pages=Plate+I&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalacademy.dk%2FPublications%2FLow%2F736_Neugebauer%2C%2520O.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dorce_PoloGarnier2018">Dorce Polo et Garnier 2018</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;135</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AA20-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-AA20_31-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Djebbar2005">Djebbar 2005</a>, La vie et l'œuvre d'al-Khwārizmī, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RM36-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-RM36_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RM36_33-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-RM36_33-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Morelon1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="Régis_Morelon1997"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Morelon" title="Régis Morelon">Régis Morelon</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;L'astronomie arabe orientale (<abbr class="abbr" title="8ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#32;et&#32;<abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècles)&#160;»</cite>, dans <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Morelon" title="Régis Morelon">Régis Morelon</a> et <a href="/wiki/Roshdi_Rashed" title="Roshdi Rashed">Roshdi Rashed</a> (dir.), <cite class="italique">Histoire des sciences arabes&#160;: T.1, Astronomie, théorique et appliquée</cite>, Seuil, <time>1997</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">35-69</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+des+sciences+arabes&amp;rft.atitle=L%27astronomie+arabe+orientale+%28VIIIe%26%2332%3Bet%26%2332%3BXIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cles%29&amp;rft.pub=Seuil&amp;rft.stitle=T.1%2C+Astronomie%2C+th%C3%A9orique+et+appliqu%C3%A9e&amp;rft.aulast=Morelon&amp;rft.aufirst=R%C3%A9gis&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.pages=35-69&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">35-36</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AA21-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-AA21_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AA21_34-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-AA21_34-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Djebbar2005">Djebbar 2005</a>, La vie et l'œuvre d'al-Khwārizmī, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sesiano2008-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Sesiano2008_37-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sesiano2008"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacques_Sesiano2008"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Jacques <span class="nom_auteur">Sesiano</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">«&#160;Al-Khwarizmı&#160;»</cite>, dans Helaine Selin (dir.), <cite class="italique" lang="en">Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western cultures</cite>, Springer, <time>2008</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">137-138</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+History+of+Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Medicine+in+Non-Western+cultures&amp;rft.atitle=Al-Khwarizm%C4%B1&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.aulast=Sesiano&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacques&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.pages=137-138&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="King1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="David_A._King1997"><a href="/wiki/David_A._King" title="David A. King">David A. King</a>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;Astronomie et société musulmane&#160;»</cite>, dans <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Morelon" title="Régis Morelon">Régis Morelon</a> et <a href="/wiki/Roshdi_Rashed" title="Roshdi Rashed">Roshdi Rashed</a> (dir.), <cite class="italique">Histoire des sciences arabes&#160;: T.1, Astronomie, théorique et appliquée</cite>, Seuil, <time>1997</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">173-215</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+des+sciences+arabes&amp;rft.atitle=Astronomie+et+soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+musulmane&amp;rft.pub=Seuil&amp;rft.stitle=T.1%2C+Astronomie%2C+th%C3%A9orique+et+appliqu%C3%A9e&amp;rft.aulast=King&amp;rft.aufirst=David+A.&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.pages=173-215&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Al-Khwârismî, <i>L'algèbre</i> et <i>Le calcul indien</i>, Ahmed Djebbar, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;10, Les éditions du Kangourou, 2013 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-87694-204-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-87694-204-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-87694-204-2</span></a>)</small>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rashed1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="Roshdi_Rashed1997">Roshdi Rashed, <cite class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Histoire_des_sciences_arabes" title="Histoire des sciences arabes">Histoire des sciences arabes</a></cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;1&#160;: <span class="italique">astronomie théorique et appliquée</span>, Seuil, <time>1997</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+des+sciences+arabes&amp;rft.pub=Seuil&amp;rft.aulast=Rashed&amp;rft.aufirst=Roshdi&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.volume=1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>, p. 280.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018123-124/126-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Dorce_PoloGarnier2018123-124/126_41-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dorce_PoloGarnier2018">Dorce Polo et Garnier 2018</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;123-124/126. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dorce103-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dorce103_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dorce103_42-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-dorce103_42-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Dorce_PoloGarnier2018">Dorce Polo et Garnier 2018</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/algorithmes">algorithmes</a> sur le TLFI.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hugonnard-Roche1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="Henri_Hugonnard-Roche1997">Henri Hugonnard-Roche, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;Influence de l'astronomie arabe en Occident médiéval&#160;»</cite>, dans <a href="/wiki/Roshdi_Rashed" title="Roshdi Rashed">Roshdi Rashed</a> (dir.), <cite class="italique">Histoire des sciences arabes (T1) Astronomie, théorique et appliquée</cite>, Seuil, <time>1997</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+des+sciences+arabes+%28T1%29+Astronomie%2C+th%C3%A9orique+et+appliqu%C3%A9e&amp;rft.atitle=Influence+de+l%27astronomie+arabe+en+Occident+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val&amp;rft.pub=Seuil&amp;rft.aulast=Hugonnard-Roche&amp;rft.aufirst=Henri&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">311-313</span>.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia&#160;:</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muhammad_ibn_Musa_Al-Khw%C3%A2rism%C3%AE?uselang=fr">Muhammad al‑Khwarizmi</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Anglais">Anglais</h4></div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Bartel_Leendert_van_der_Waerden" title="Bartel Leendert van der Waerden">Bartel Leendert van der Waerden</a>, <i>A History of Algebra. From Al-Khwârismî to Emmy Noether</i>, Springer, 1985</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Corona Brezina, <i>Al-Khwârismî. The Inventor of Algebra</i>, Rosen Central, 2005</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Français"><span id="Fran.C3.A7ais"></span>Français</h4></div> <p><span title="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span>&#160;: document utilisé comme source pour la rédaction de cet article. </p> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Argon2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pablo_Argon2006">Pablo Argon, <cite class="italique">Dictionnaire d’histoire et philosophie des sciences</cite>, PUF, <time>2006</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-13-054499-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-13-054499-9"><span class="nowrap">978-2-13-054499-9</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;650<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+d%E2%80%99histoire+et+philosophie+des+sciences&amp;rft.pub=PUF&amp;rft.aulast=Argon&amp;rft.aufirst=Pablo&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.pages=650&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-13-054499-9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="DjebbarRosmorduc2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ahmed_DjebbarJean_Rosmorduc2001"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Djebbar" title="Ahmed Djebbar">Ahmed Djebbar</a> et <a href="/wiki/Jean_Rosmorduc" title="Jean Rosmorduc">Jean Rosmorduc</a>, <cite class="italique">Une histoire de la science arabe&#160;: introduction à la connaissance du patrimoine scientifique des pays de l'Islam&#160;: entretiens avec Jean Rosmorduc</cite>, Seuil, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Points. Sciences&#160;», <time>2001</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-02-039549-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-02-039549-6"><span class="nowrap">978-2-02-039549-6</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Une+histoire+de+la+science+arabe&amp;rft.pub=Seuil&amp;rft.stitle=introduction+%C3%A0+la+connaissance+du+patrimoine+scientifique+des+pays+de+l%27Islam+%3A+entretiens+avec+Jean+Rosmorduc&amp;rft.aulast=Djebbar&amp;rft.aufirst=Ahmed&amp;rft.au=Jean+Rosmorduc&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-02-039549-6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Djebbar2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ahmed_Djebbar2005"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Djebbar" title="Ahmed Djebbar">Ahmed Djebbar</a> (<abbr class="abbr" title="préface">préf.</abbr>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Bernard_Maitte" title="Bernard Maitte">Bernard Maitte</a>), <cite class="italique">L'algèbre arabe, genèse d'un art</cite>, Vuibert/Adapt, <time>2005</time>, 214&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2711753816" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2711753816"><span class="nowrap">2711753816</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%27alg%C3%A8bre+arabe%2C+gen%C3%A8se+d%27un+art&amp;rft.pub=Vuibert%2FAdapt&amp;rft.aulast=Djebbar&amp;rft.aufirst=Ahmed&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.tpages=214&amp;rft.isbn=2711753816&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>&#32;— Tour d'horizon de l'algèbre arabe, des origines au <a href="/wiki/XVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</a>.<div style="margin-left:2em; line-height:1.5;">Voir <span class="ouvrage" id="2007">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://culturemath.ens.fr/content/entretien-avec-ahmed-djebbar-2053"><cite style="font-style:normal;">L'algèbre arabe&#160;: Entretien avec Ahmed Djebbar</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">culturemath.ens.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-03-09" data-sort-value="2007-03-09">9 mars 2007</time></span>&#32;— Avec vidéos et documents d'accompagnement, dont la préface de Bernard Maitte</div></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Rashed2011"><span class="ouvrage" id="Roshdi_Rashed2011"><a href="/wiki/Roshdi_Rashed" title="Roshdi Rashed">Roshdi Rashed</a>, <cite class="italique">D'Al-Khwârismî à Descartes&#160;: études sur l'histoire des mathématiques classiques</cite>, Hermann, <time>2011</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7056-81913" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7056-81913"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7056-81913</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=D%27Al-Khw%C3%A2rism%C3%AE+%C3%A0+Descartes&amp;rft.pub=Hermann&amp;rft.stitle=%C3%A9tudes+sur+l%27histoire+des+math%C3%A9matiques+classiques&amp;rft.aulast=Rashed&amp;rft.aufirst=Roshdi&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-7056-81913&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/40px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="158" /></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Allard1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="André_Allard1997">André Allard, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;Les mathématiques arabes en Occident&#160;»</cite>, dans Roshdi Rashed, <cite class="italique">Histoire des sciences arabes</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;2&#160;: <span class="italique">Mathématiques et physique</span>, Paris, Seuil, <time>1997</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782020620291" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782020620291"><span class="nowrap">9782020620291</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+des+sciences+arabes&amp;rft.atitle=Les+math%C3%A9matiques+arabes+en+Occident&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Seuil&amp;rft.aulast=Allard&amp;rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.volume=2&amp;rft.isbn=9782020620291&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.</li> <li>Nicolas Farès, <i>Al-Khwârizmî, Vie, oeuvre et livre algébrique. Naissance et développement de l’algèbre dans la tradition mathématique arabe</i>, Dāral-Fārābī, Beyrouth, 2017, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.science/hal-01722173/document">hal-01722173</a>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Dorce_PoloGarnier2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Carlos_Dorce_PoloPhilippe_Garnier2018">Carlos <span class="nom_auteur">Dorce Polo</span> et Philippe <span class="nom_auteur">Garnier</span> (Trad.), <cite class="italique">La naissance de l'algèbre&#160;: Al-Khwârismî</cite>, Barcelone, RBA Coleccionables, <time>2018</time>, 157&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-84-473-9618-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-84-473-9618-4"><span class="nowrap">978-84-473-9618-4</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=La+naissance+de+l%27alg%C3%A8bre&amp;rft.place=Barcelone&amp;rft.pub=RBA+Coleccionables&amp;rft.stitle=Al-Khw%C3%A2rism%C3%AE&amp;rft.aulast=Dorce+Polo&amp;rft.aufirst=Carlos&amp;rft.au=Garnier%2C+Philippe&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.tpages=157&amp;rft.isbn=978-84-473-9618-4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Khw%C3%A2rizm%C3%AE"></span></span></span>.<span class="nowrap" title="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article">&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ouvrage utilisé pour la rédaction de l&#39;article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/20px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Icon_flat_design_plume.svg/30px-Icon_flat_design_plume.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/al-khwarizmi/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à l'astronomie<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9038?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_763"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9038?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bridgemanimages.fr/fr/search?filter_text=creatorid:41574"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Bridgeman Art Library</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la bande dessinée<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9038?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comicvine.gamespot.com/wd/4005-128722/"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Comic Vine</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="2007">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/I7SS4"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Ressources et bibliographie</cite></a>&#160;», Commission inter-<a href="/wiki/IREM" class="mw-redirect" title="IREM">IREM</a> «&#160;Épistémologie et histoire des mathématiques&#160;», av. 2007</span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lostislamichistory.com/al-khawarizmi/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Al-Khwarismi and modern maths</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">lostislamichistory.com</span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Grandes_figures_de_l%27islam_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val" title="Modèle:Palette Grandes figures de l&#39;islam médiéval"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a>&#160;· <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Grandes_figures_de_l%27islam_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val&amp;action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%">Grandes figures de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%82ge_d%27or_de_l%27Islam" title="Âge d&#39;or de l&#39;Islam">âge d'or de l'Islam</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="8ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jabir_ibn_Hayyan" title="Jabir ibn Hayyan">Jabir ibn Hayyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abo%C3%BB_Nouw%C3%A2s" title="Aboû Nouwâs">Aboû Nouwâs</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Battani" title="Al-Battani">Al-Battani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas" title="Abbas ibn Firnas">Abbas ibn Firnas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansur_al-Hallaj" title="Mansur al-Hallaj">Al-Hallaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Kamil" title="Abu Kamil">Abu Kamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_al-Fihriya" title="Fatima al-Fihriya">Fatima al-Fihriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Jahiz" title="Al-Jahiz">Al-Jahiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Al-Khwârizmî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habash_Al-Hasib" title="Habash Al-Hasib">Al-Marwazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhaz%C3%A8s" title="Rhazès">Al-Razi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabari" title="Tabari">Tabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziryab" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziryab">Ziryab</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Fadl%C3%A2n" title="Ibn Fadlân">Ibn Fadlân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-F%C3%A2r%C3%A2b%C3%AE" title="Al-Fârâbî">Al-Fârâbî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nadim" title="Ibn al-Nadim">Ibn al-Nadim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mas%27%C3%BBd%C3%AE" title="Al-Mas&#39;ûdî">Al-Mas'ûdî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Al-Qasim" title="Abu Al-Qasim">Abu Al-Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_ibn_Sinan" title="Ibrahim ibn Sinan">Ibrahim ibn Sinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Sahl_al-Q%C5%ABh%C4%AB" title="Abū Sahl al-Qūhī">Abū Sahl al-Qūhī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_al-Soufi" title="Abd al-Rahman al-Soufi">Abd al-Rahman al-Soufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_l-Wafa" title="Abu l-Wafa">Aboûl-Wafâ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariam_al-Ijliya" title="Mariam al-Ijliya">Al 'Ijliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Sa%27id_al-Tamimi" title="Muhammad ibn Sa&#39;id al-Tamimi">Muhammad ibn Sa'id al-Tamimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Hasan_al-Uqlidisi" title="Abu&#39;l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi">Al-Uqlidisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Y%C5%ABsuf_al-Warr%C4%81q" title="Muhammad ibn Yūsuf al-Warrāq">Muhammad ibn Yūsuf al-Warrāq</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhazen" title="Alhazen">Alhazen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avicenne" title="Avicenne">Avicenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Bakri" title="Al-Bakri">Al-Bakri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni">Al-Biruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ghazali" title="Al-Ghazali">Al-Ghazali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hazm" title="Ibn Hazm">Ibn Hazm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jazla" title="Ibn Jazla">Ibn Jazla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Khayyam" title="Omar Khayyam">Omar Khayyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu-l-Ala_al-Maari" title="Abu-l-Ala al-Maari">Al-Maari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Bassal" title="Ibn Bassal">Ibn Bassal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahsati_Ganjavi" title="Mahsati Ganjavi">Mahsati Ganjavi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abou_Madyane" title="Abou Madyane">Abou Madyane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Barak%C4%81t_Hibat_Allah_ibn_Malk%C4%81" title="Abu&#39;l-Barakāt Hibat Allah ibn Malkā">Abu'l-Barakāt Hibat Allah ibn Malkā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Idrissi" title="Al Idrissi">Al Idrissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Jazari" title="Al-Jazari">Al-Jazari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardi_ibn_Ali_al-Tarsusi" title="Mardi ibn Ali al-Tarsusi">Mardi ibn Ali al-Tarsusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Aslam_Al-Ghafiqi" title="Muhammad ibn Aslam Al-Ghafiqi">Muhammad ibn Aslam Al-Ghafiqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenzoar" title="Avenzoar">Avenzoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averro%C3%A8s" title="Averroès">Averroès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avempace" title="Avempace">Avempace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Tufayl" title="Ibn Tufayl">Ibn Tufayl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Ed-Din_Al_Betrugi" title="Nur Ed-Din Al Betrugi">Nur Ed-Din Al Betrugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BBzbeh%C3%A2n" title="Rûzbehân">Rûzbehân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihab_al-Din_Sohrawardi" title="Shihab al-Din Sohrawardi">Shihab al-Din Sohrawardi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Arabi" title="Ibn Arabi">Ibn Arabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farid_al-Din_Attar" title="Farid al-Din Attar">Farid al-Din Attar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Muhammad_Ibn_al-Baitar" title="Abu Muhammad Ibn al-Baitar">Ibn al-Baitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Ibn_Mun%27im" title="Ahmad Ibn Mun&#39;im">Ahmad Ibn Mun'im</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nafis" title="Ibn al-Nafis">Ibn al-Nafis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ajarrum" title="Ibn Ajarrum">Ibn Ajarrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BBm%C3%AE" title="Rûmî">Djalâl ad-Dîn Rûmî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saadi" title="Saadi">Saadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Taymiyya" title="Ibn Taymiyya">Ibn Taymiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_al-Din_al-Tusi" title="Nasir al-Din al-Tusi">Nasir al-Din al-Tusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shams_al-Din_al-Ansari_al-Dimashqi" title="Shams al-Din al-Ansari al-Dimashqi">Shams al-Din al-Ansari al-Dimashqi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Batt%C3%BBta" title="Ibn Battûta">Ibn Battûta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khaldoun" title="Ibn Khaldoun">Ibn Khaldoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Banna%27_al-Marrakushi" title="Ibn al-Banna&#39; al-Marrakushi">Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Khatib" title="Ibn al-Khatib">Ibn al-Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qadi-zadeh_Roumi" title="Qadi-zadeh Roumi">Qadi-zadeh Roumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Akfani" title="Ibn al-Akfani">Ibn al-Akfani</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kashi" title="Al-Kashi">al-Kashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Quchtchi" title="Ali Quchtchi">Ali Quchtchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abul_Qasim_ibn_Mohammed_al-Ghassani" title="Abul Qasim ibn Mohammed al-Ghassani">Abul Qasim ibn Mohammed al-Ghassani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eerafeddin_Sabuncuo%C4%9Flu" title="Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu">Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Math%C3%A9matiques_arabes" title="Modèle:Palette Mathématiques arabes"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a>&#160;· <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Math%C3%A9matiques_arabes&amp;action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_arabes" title="Mathématiques arabes">Mathématiques arabes</a> au Moyen Âge</div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Mathématiciens</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%27Abd_al-Ham%C4%ABd_ibn_Turk" title="&#39;Abd al-Hamīd ibn Turk">'Abd al-Hamīd ibn Turk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sind_ibn_Ali&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sind ibn Ali (page inexistante)">Sanad ibn Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Abb%C3%A2s_ibn_Sa%C3%AFd_al-Jaouhar%C3%AE" title="Al-Abbâs ibn Saïd al-Jaouharî">al-Jawharī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hajjaj_ibn_Yusuf_ibn_Matar" title="Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ibn Matar">Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qusta_ibn_Luqa" title="Qusta ibn Luqa">Qusta ibn Luqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mahani" title="Al-Mahani">Al-Mahani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dinawari" title="Al-Dinawari">al-Dinawari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A8res_Banou_Moussa" title="Frères Banou Moussa">Banū Mūsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunayn_ibn_Ishaq" title="Hunayn ibn Ishaq">Hunayn ibn Ishaq</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Al-Khwârizmî</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yusuf_Al-Khuri&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yusuf Al-Khuri (page inexistante)">Yusuf Al-Khuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishaq_ibn_Hunayn" title="Ishaq ibn Hunayn">Ishaq ibn Hunayn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Na%27im_ibn_Musa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Na&#39;im ibn Musa (page inexistante)">Na'im ibn Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C4%81bit_ibn_Qurra" title="Thābit ibn Qurra">Thābit ibn Qurra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Marwazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Marwazi">Al-Marwazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sa%27id_Gorgani" title="Abu Sa&#39;id Gorgani">Abu Sa'id Gorgani</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_l-Wafa" title="Abu l-Wafa">Abu l-Wafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Ja%27far_al-Kh%C4%81zin" title="Abū Ja&#39;far al-Khāzin">al-Khazin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcabitius" title="Alcabitius">Alcabitius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Kamil" title="Abu Kamil">Abu Kamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Yusuf" title="Ahmad ibn Yusuf">Ahmad ibn Yusuf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%E1%B9%A3-%E1%B9%A2aidan%C4%81n%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aṣ-Ṣaidanānī (page inexistante)">Aṣ-Ṣaidanānī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sin%C4%81n_ibn_al-Fat%E1%B8%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinān ibn al-Fatḥ (page inexistante)">Sinān ibn al-Fatḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khujandi" title="Al-Khujandi">Al-Khujandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nayrizi" title="Al-Nayrizi">Al-Nayrizi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Saghani&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Saghani (page inexistante)">Al-Saghani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikhwan_al-Safa" title="Ikhwan al-Safa">Ikhwan al-Safa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sahl" title="Ibn Sahl">Ibn Sahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Yunus" title="Ibn Yunus">Ibn Yunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu%27l-Hasan_al-Uqlidisi" title="Abu&#39;l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi">al-Uqlidisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Battani" title="Al-Battani">Al-Battani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinan_ibn_Thabit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinan ibn Thabit (page inexistante)">Sinan ibn Thabit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_ibn_Sinan" title="Ibrahim ibn Sinan">Ibrahim ibn Sinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abalphat_d%27Ispahan" title="Abalphat d&#39;Ispahan">Abalphat d'Ispahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazif_ibn_Yumn&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazif ibn Yumn (page inexistante)">Nazif ibn Yumn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Sahl_al-Q%C5%ABh%C4%AB" title="Abū Sahl al-Qūhī">al-Qūhī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_al-Jud&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu al-Jud (page inexistante)">Abu al-Jud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sijzi" title="Al-Sijzi">Al-Sijzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Karaji" title="Al-Karaji">Al-Karaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslama_al-Mayriti" title="Maslama al-Mayriti">Maslama al-Mayriti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_ibn_Abdun_al-Jabali&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed ibn Abdun al-Jabali (page inexistante)">al-Jabali</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Nasr_Mansur" title="Abu Nasr Mansur">Abu Nasr Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhazen" title="Alhazen">Alhazen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kushyar_Gilani&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kushyar Gilani (page inexistante)">Kushyar Gilani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni">Al-Biruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Samh" title="Ibn al-Samh">Ibn al-Samh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Tahir_al-Baghdadi" title="Ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi">Ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avicenne" title="Avicenne">Avicenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Mu%CA%BF%C4%81dh_al-Jayy%C4%81n%C4%AB" title="Ibn Muʿādh al-Jayyānī">al-Jayyānī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al%C4%AB_ibn_Ahmad_al-Nasaw%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alī ibn Ahmad al-Nasawī (page inexistante)"> al-Nasawī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Zarqali" title="Al-Zarqali">Al-Zarqali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_al-Mutaman" title="Yusuf al-Mutaman">Yusuf al-Mutaman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Isfizari&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Isfizari (page inexistante)">Al-Isfizari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Khayyam" title="Omar Khayyam">Omar Khayyam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_al-Baghdadi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad al-Baghdadi (page inexistante)">Muhammad al-Baghdadi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jabir_Ibn_Aflah" title="Jabir Ibn Aflah">Jabir Ibn Aflah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Kharaq%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Kharaqī (page inexistante)">Al-Kharaqī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khazini" title="Al-Khazini">Al-Khazini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Yahy%C4%81_al-Maghrib%C4%AB_al-Samaw%27al" title="Ibn Yahyā al-Maghribī al-Samaw&#39;al">Ibn Yahyā al-Maghribī al-Samaw'al</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Hassar" title="Abu Bakr al-Hassar">al-Hassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharaf_al-D%C4%ABn_al-T%C5%ABs%C4%AB" title="Sharaf al-Dīn al-Tūsī">Sharaf al-Dīn al-Tūsī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Yasamin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Yasamin (page inexistante)">Ibn al-Yasamin</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Ha%27im" title="Ibn al-Ha&#39;im">Ibn al-Ha'im</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Buni" title="Ahmad al-Buni">Ahmad al-Buni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Ibn_Mun%27im" title="Ahmad Ibn Mun&#39;im">Ahmad Ibn Mun'im</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alam_al-Din_al-Hanafi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alam al-Din al-Hanafi (page inexistante)">Alam al-Din al-Hanafi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_%27Adlan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn &#39;Adlan (page inexistante)">Ibn 'Adlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%27ayyad_al-Din_al-%27Urdi" title="Mu&#39;ayyad al-Din al-&#39;Urdi">al-Urdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_al-Din_al-Tusi" title="Nasir al-Din al-Tusi">Nasir al-Din al-Tusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athir_al-Din_al-Abhari" title="Athir al-Din al-Abhari">al-Abhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhyi_al-D%C4%ABn_al-Maghrib%C4%AB" title="Muhyi al-Dīn al-Maghribī">Muhyi al-Dīn al-Maghribī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Ali_al-Hasan_al-Marrakushi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Ali al-Hasan al-Marrakushi (page inexistante)">al-Hasan al-Marrakushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qotb_al-Din_Chirazi" title="Qotb al-Din Chirazi">Qotb al-Din Chirazi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shams_al-D%C4%ABn_al-Samarqand%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī (page inexistante)">Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Banna%27_al-Marrakushi" title="Ibn al-Banna&#39; al-Marrakushi">Ibn al-Banna'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kam%C4%81l_al-D%C4%ABn_al-F%C4%81ris%C4%AB" title="Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī">Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nizam_al-Din_Nishapuri&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nizam al-Din Nishapuri (page inexistante)">Nizam al-Din Nishapuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Sh%C3%A2tir" title="Ibn al-Shâtir">Ibn al-Shâtir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Durayhim&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Durayhim (page inexistante)">Ibn al-Durayhim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shams_al-Din_Abu_Abd_Allah_al-Khalili&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shams al-Din Abu Abd Allah al-Khalili (page inexistante)">Al-Khalili</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ya%27ish_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Umawi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ya&#39;ish ibn Ibrahim al-Umawi (page inexistante)">al-Umawi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Majdi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Majdi (page inexistante)">Ibn al-Majdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qadi-zadeh_Roumi" title="Qadi-zadeh Roumi">Qadi-zadeh Roumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kashi" title="Al-Kashi">Al-Kashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulugh_Beg" title="Ulugh Beg">Ulugh Beg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Quchtchi" title="Ali Quchtchi">Ali Quchtchi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%27Abd_al-%27Aziz_al-Wafa%27i&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="&#39;Abd al-&#39;Aziz al-Wafa&#39;i (page inexistante)">al-Wafa'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qalasadi" title="Al-Qalasadi">Al-Qalasadi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibt_al-Maridini&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibt al-Maridini (page inexistante)">Sibt al-Maridini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Ghazi_al-Miknasi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Ghazi al-Miknasi (page inexistante)">Ibn Ghazi al-Miknasi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Birjandi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Birjandi (page inexistante)">Al-Birjandi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Baqir_Yazdi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Baqir Yazdi (page inexistante)">Muhammad Baqir Yazdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqi_al-Din" title="Taqi al-Din">Taqi al-Din</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hamza_al-Maghribi" title="Ibn Hamza al-Maghribi">Ibn Hamza al-Maghribi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_Ibn_al-Qadi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi (page inexistante)">Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Ouvrages</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9_du_calcul_par_la_restauration_et_la_comparaison" title="Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison">Abrégé du calcul par la restauration et la comparaison</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_gradibus_(Al-Kindi)" title="De gradibus (Al-Kindi)">De gradibus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principles_of_Hindu_Reckoning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Principles of Hindu Reckoning (page inexistante)">Principles of Hindu Reckoning</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_d%27optique" title="Traité d&#39;optique">Traité d'optique</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Livre_de_la_gu%C3%A9rison" title="Livre de la guérison">Livre de la guérison</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Almanach" title="Almanach">Almanach</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_of_the_Brethren_of_Purity&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity (page inexistante)">Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tables_de_Tol%C3%A8de" title="Tables de Tolède">Tables de Tolède</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabula_Rogeriana" title="Tabula Rogeriana">Tabula Rogeriana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zij" title="Zij">Zij</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Concepts</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Probl%C3%A8me_d%27Alhazen" title="Problème d&#39;Alhazen">Problème d'Alhazen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figures_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9triques_islamiques" title="Figures géométriques islamiques">Figures géométriques arabes</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Centres</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_al-Azhar" title="Université al-Azhar">Université al-Azhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_al-Mustansiriyah" title="Université al-Mustansiriyah">Université al-Mustansiriyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dar_al-Hikma" title="Dar al-Hikma">Dar al-Hikma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_la_sagesse" title="Maison de la sagesse">Maison de la sagesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observatoire_de_Constantinople" title="Observatoire de Constantinople">Observatoire de Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9dersa" title="Médersa">Médersa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maragha#L&#39;observatoire" title="Maragha">Observatoire de Maragha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Al_Quaraouiyine" title="Université Al Quaraouiyine">Université Al Quaraouiyine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciences_au_Maghreb_central" title="Sciences au Maghreb central">Sciences au Maghreb central</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Influencés par</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_m%C3%A9sopotamiennes" title="Mathématiques mésopotamiennes">Mathématiques mésopotamiennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_de_la_Gr%C3%A8ce_antique" title="Mathématiques de la Grèce antique">Mathématiques de la Grèce antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_indiennes" title="Mathématiques indiennes">Mathématiques indiennes</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Ont influencé</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_et_technologie_byzantines" title="Science et technologie byzantines">Science et technologie byzantines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_indiennes" title="Mathématiques indiennes">Mathématiques indiennes</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_G%C3%A9ographie_et_cartographie_dans_le_monde_arabo-musulman_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val" title="Modèle:Palette Géographie et cartographie dans le monde arabo-musulman médiéval"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a>&#160;· <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_G%C3%A9ographie_et_cartographie_dans_le_monde_arabo-musulman_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val&amp;action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie_et_cartographie_dans_le_monde_arabo-musulman_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val" title="Géographie et cartographie dans le monde arabo-musulman médiéval">Géographie et cartographie dans le monde arabo-musulman médiéval</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Géographes</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Al-Khwârizmî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dinawari" title="Al-Dinawari">Al-Dinawari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Yaqubi" title="Al-Yaqubi">Al-Yaqubi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soleyman_le_marchand" title="Soleyman le marchand">Soleyman le marchand</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="10ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">X</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khordadbeh" title="Ibn Khordadbeh">Ibn Khordadbeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Rustah" title="Ibn Rustah">Ibn Rustah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Fadl%C3%A2n" title="Ibn Fadlân">Ibn Fadlân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Zayd_al-Balkhi" title="Abu Zayd al-Balkhi">Abu Zayd al-Balkhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Muhammad_al-Hasan_al-Hamd%C4%81n%C4%AB" title="Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdānī">Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdānī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mas%27%C3%BBd%C3%AE" title="Al-Mas&#39;ûdî">Al-Mas'ûdî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istakhri" title="Istakhri">Istakhri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khachkhach_Ibn_Said_Ibn_Aswad" title="Khachkhach Ibn Said Ibn Aswad">Khachkhach Ibn Said Ibn Aswad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hawqal" title="Ibn Hawqal">Ibn Hawqal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Faqih" title="Ibn al-Faqih">Ibn al-Faqih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Muqaddasi" title="Al-Muqaddasi">Al-Muqaddasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Shahriyar" title="Ibn Shahriyar">Ibn Shahriyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qudama_Ibn_Jaafar" title="Qudama Ibn Jaafar">Qudama Ibn Jaafar</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Biruni" title="Al-Biruni">Al-Biruni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Sa%CA%BF%C4%ABd_Gard%C4%93z%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Saʿīd Gardēzī (page inexistante)">Abu Saʿīd Gardēzī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Bakri" title="Al-Bakri">Al-Bakri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_de_Kachgar" title="Mahmoud de Kachgar">Mahmoud de Kachgar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Domiyat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Domiyat (page inexistante)">Domiyat</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Zuhri" title="Al-Zuhri">Al-Zuhri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Idrissi" title="Al Idrissi">Al Idrissi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu%27l_Abbas_al-Hijazi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu&#39;l Abbas al-Hijazi (page inexistante)">Abu'l Abbas al-Hijazi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jubair" title="Ibn Jubair">Ibn Jubair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saadi" title="Saadi">Saadi Shirazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqout_al-Rumi" title="Yaqout al-Rumi">Yaqout al-Rumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sa%C3%AFd" title="Ibn Saïd">Ibn Saïd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nafis" title="Ibn al-Nafis">Ibn al-Nafis</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shams_al-Din_al-Ansari_al-Dimashqi" title="Shams al-Din al-Ansari al-Dimashqi">Shams al-Din al-Ansari al-Dimashqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aboulf%C3%A9da" title="Aboulféda">Aboulféda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Wardi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Wardi (page inexistante)">Ibn al-Wardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamdallah_Mustawfi" title="Hamdallah Mustawfi">Hamdallah Mustawfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Batt%C3%BBta" title="Ibn Battûta">Ibn Battûta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lin_Nu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lin Nu (page inexistante)">Lin Nu</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abd-al-Razz%C4%81q_Samarqand%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī (page inexistante)">Abd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghiy%C4%81th_al-d%C4%ABn_Naqq%C4%81sh&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghiyāth al-dīn Naqqāsh (page inexistante)">Ghiyāth al-dīn Naqqāsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Ibn_Majid" title="Ahmed Ibn Majid">Ahmed Ibn Majid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_He" title="Zheng He">Zheng He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Huan" title="Ma Huan">Ma Huan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fei_Xin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fei Xin (page inexistante)">Fei Xin</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sulayman_al-Mahri" title="Sulayman al-Mahri">Sulayman al-Mahri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piri_Reis" title="Piri Reis">Piri Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mir_Ahmed_Nasrallah_Thattvi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mir Ahmed Nasrallah Thattvi (page inexistante)">Mir Ahmed Nasrallah Thattvi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Am%C4%ABn_R%C4%81z%C4%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Amīn Rāzī (page inexistante)">Amīn Rāzī</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:65px;"><b><abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</b></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=";"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evliya_%C3%87elebi" title="Evliya Çelebi">Evliya Çelebi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Ouvrages</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Livre_des_Routes_et_des_Royaumes" title="Livre des Routes et des Royaumes">Livre des Routes et des Royaumes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tabula_Rogeriana" title="Tabula Rogeriana">Tabula Rogeriana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitab_al-Rawd_al-Mitar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitab al-Rawd al-Mitar (page inexistante)">Kitab al-Rawd al-Mitar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu%27jam_Al-Buldan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu&#39;jam Al-Buldan (page inexistante)">Mu'jam Al-Buldan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihla" title="Rihla">Rihla</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Meadows_of_Gold&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The Meadows of Gold (page inexistante)">The Meadows of Gold</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carte_de_Piri_Reis" title="Carte de Piri Reis">Carte de Piri Reis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kitab_al-Kharaj" title="Kitab al-Kharaj">Kitab al-Kharaj</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:90px">Influencés par</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <p><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie_(Ptol%C3%A9m%C3%A9e)" title="Géographie (Ptolémée)"><i>Géographie</i> (Ptolémée)</a> </p> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Histoire_des_sciences" title="Portail de l’histoire des sciences"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Science_history_icon.svg/37px-Science_history_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Science_history_icon.svg/56px-Science_history_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Science_history_icon.svg/74px-Science_history_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="260" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Histoire_des_sciences" title="Portail:Histoire des sciences">Portail de l’histoire des sciences</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Math%C3%A9matiques" title="Portail des mathématiques"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg/24px-Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg/36px-Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg/48px-Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Math%C3%A9matiques" title="Portail:Mathématiques">Portail des mathématiques</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Astronomie" title="Portail de l’astronomie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Noun_Astronomy_Icon2.svg/25px-Noun_Astronomy_Icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Noun_Astronomy_Icon2.svg/37px-Noun_Astronomy_Icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Noun_Astronomy_Icon2.svg/50px-Noun_Astronomy_Icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="730" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Astronomie" title="Portail:Astronomie">Portail de l’astronomie</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Monde_arabo-musulman" title="Portail du monde arabo-musulman"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG/23px-IslamSymbol.PNG" decoding="async" width="23" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG/34px-IslamSymbol.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/IslamSymbol.PNG/46px-IslamSymbol.PNG 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="278" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Monde_arabo-musulman" title="Portail:Monde arabo-musulman">Portail du monde arabo-musulman</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Iran_et_monde_iranien" title="Portail de l’Iran et du monde iranien"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag-map_of_Iran_%28tricolour%29.svg/26px-Flag-map_of_Iran_%28tricolour%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag-map_of_Iran_%28tricolour%29.svg/39px-Flag-map_of_Iran_%28tricolour%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag-map_of_Iran_%28tricolour%29.svg/52px-Flag-map_of_Iran_%28tricolour%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="883" data-file-height="812" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Iran_et_monde_iranien" title="Portail:Iran et monde iranien">Portail de l’Iran et du monde iranien</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Ouzb%C3%A9kistan" title="Portail de l’Ouzbékistan"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/66px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/88px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Ouzb%C3%A9kistan" title="Portail:Ouzbékistan">Portail de l’Ouzbékistan</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Portail du haut Moyen Âge"><img alt="icône décorative" 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