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class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aa (Frankrijk)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 26 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_(%C3%A7ay,_Fransa)" title="A (çay, Fransa) – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="A (çay, Fransa)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Bro-C%27hall)" title="Aa (Bro-C'hall) – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aa (Bro-C'hall)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Pas-de-Calais)" title="Aa (Pas-de-Calais) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aa (Pas-de-Calais)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%AC_(%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82)" title="Αά (ποταμός της Γαλλίας) – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αά (ποταμός της Γαλλίας)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(France)" title="Aa (France) – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aa (France)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Aa" title="Río Aa – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río Aa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_j%C3%B5gi_(Prantsusmaa)" title="Aa jõgi (Prantsusmaa) – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aa jõgi (Prantsusmaa)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_ibaia_(Frantzia)" title="Aa ibaia (Frantzia) – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aa ibaia (Frantzia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(fleuve)" title="Aa (fleuve) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aa (fleuve)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(fiume)" title="Aa (fiume) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aa (fiume)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%9D" title="アー川 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アー川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%9B%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94)" title="აა (მდინარე) – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აა (მდინარე)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnio" title="Agnio – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Agnio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Falansia)" title="Aa (Falansia) – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Aa (Falansia)" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_(up%C4%97)" title="A (upė) – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="A (upė)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_i_Frankrike" title="Aa i Frankrike – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aa i Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(elv_i_Frankrike)" title="Aa (elv i Frankrike) – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aa (elv i Frankrike)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbe_(fleufe)" title="Abbe (fleufe) – Picardisch" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Abbe (fleufe)" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(dop%C5%82yw_Morza_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocnego)" title="Aa (dopływ Morza Północnego) – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aa (dopływ Morza Północnego)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Aa" title="Rio Aa – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio Aa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A2ul_Aa,_Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Râul Aa, Franța – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Râul Aa, Franța" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0,_%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5)" title="А (река, впадает в Северное море) – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="А (река, впадает в Северное море)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90_(%D0%9F%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5)" title="А (Па де Кале) – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="А (Па де Кале)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Vrankryk)" title="Aa (Vrankryk) – West-Vlaams" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Aa (Vrankryk)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West-Vlaams" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B2%B3_(%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD)" title="阿河 (法国) – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿河 (法国)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B2%B3" title="阿河 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿河" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q300661#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aa_(Frankrijk)" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overleg:Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Overleg over deze pagina (de pagina bestaat niet) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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<div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aa_(Frankrijk)"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=history" title="Eerdere versies van deze pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handelingen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aa_(Frankrijk)"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=history"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Aa_(Frankrijk)" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Aa_(Frankrijk)" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina's [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&oldid=64110022" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&page=Aa_%28Frankrijk%29&id=64110022&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAa_%28Frankrijk%29"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAa_%28Frankrijk%29"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Aa+%28Frankrijk%29"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Aa_%28Frankrijk%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aa_River_(France)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" 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lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Aa </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg/266px-Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg/399px-Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg/532px-Haute_Aa_800x600.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Lengte </th> <td colspan="2">80 km </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hoogte (bron) </th> <td colspan="2">122 m </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bron_(water)" title="Bron (water)">Bron</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bourthes" title="Bourthes">Bourthes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Monding" title="Monding">Monding</a> </th> <td colspan="2">de <a href="/wiki/Noordzee" title="Noordzee">Noordzee</a> bij <a href="/wiki/Grevelingen_(stad)" title="Grevelingen (stad)">Grevelingen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Stroomt door </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frankrijk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" style="padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Aa_Wizernes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="De middenloop van de Aa bij Wizernes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Aa_Wizernes.jpg/266px-Aa_Wizernes.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Aa_Wizernes.jpg/399px-Aa_Wizernes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Aa_Wizernes.jpg/532px-Aa_Wizernes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">De middenloop van de Aa bij <a href="/wiki/Wizernes" title="Wizernes">Wizernes</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Geografie" title="Portaal:Geografie">Geografie</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>De <b>Aa</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Rivier" title="Rivier">rivier</a> in Noord-<a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frankrijk</a> van circa 89 km lang. Ze ontspringt in <a href="/wiki/Bourthes" title="Bourthes">Bourthes</a>, stroomt door <a href="/wiki/Sint-Omaars" title="Sint-Omaars">Sint-Omaars</a> en mondt uit in de <a href="/wiki/Noordzee" title="Noordzee">Noordzee</a> bij <a href="/wiki/Grevelingen_(stad)" title="Grevelingen (stad)">Grevelingen</a>. De naam is van Germaanse oorsprong en betekent 'water'.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De loop heeft drie karakteristieke delen: de bovenloop die loopt van de bron tot <a href="/wiki/Wavrans-sur-l%27Aa" title="Wavrans-sur-l'Aa">Wavrans-sur-l'Aa</a> met een sterk verval, de middenloop vanaf Wavrans tot <a href="/wiki/Arques_(Pas-de-Calais)" title="Arques (Pas-de-Calais)">Arques</a> met veel oude industrie en de benedenloop vanaf Arques (bij <a href="/wiki/Sint-Omaars" title="Sint-Omaars">Sint-Omaars</a>) tot de monding, waar de rivier traag door een vochtige vlakte stroomt die door een fijnmazig kanaalstelsel wordt afgewaterd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bovenloop">Bovenloop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bovenloop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bovenloop"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Aa ontspringt in de gemeente <a href="/wiki/Bourthes" title="Bourthes">Bourthes</a>, nabij het gehucht <i>Le Grand Bois</i> op een hoogte van 122 meter. De bovenloop van de Aa (<i>Vallée de la Haute Aa</i>) vormt een landelijke vallei met weilanden en heeft vandaag vooral een toeristische bestemming, met weekendverblijven dicht bij de rivier. Een karakteristiek dorpje is <a href="/wiki/Merck-Saint-Li%C3%A9vin" title="Merck-Saint-Liévin">Merck-Saint-Liévin</a>; het marktplaatsje <a href="/wiki/Fauquembergues" title="Fauquembergues">Fauquembergues</a> is de grootste gemeente aan de bovenloop. De bovenloop kende in de 19e eeuw enige industrialisering, in het spoor van vroeger molenactiviteiten, met enkele fabrieken langs de rivier en een lokaal <a href="/wiki/Smalspoor" title="Smalspoor">smalspoor</a> van <a href="/wiki/Anvin" title="Anvin">Anvin</a> naar <a href="/wiki/Calais" title="Calais">Calais</a>, dat van <a href="/wiki/Renty" title="Renty">Renty</a> tot <a href="/wiki/Lumbres" title="Lumbres">Lumbres</a> door de Aa-vallei liep en in 1882 in gebruik werd genomen. De lijn is in 1955 buiten gebruik gesteld, maar enkele stationsgebouwtjes en paden op de voormalige spoordijk zijn in de vallei her en der nog herkenbaar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Middenloop">Middenloop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Middenloop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Middenloop"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De middenloop is tamelijk diep ingesneden en kende eveneens voor de <a href="/wiki/Industri%C3%ABle_revolutie" title="Industriële revolutie">Industriële revolutie</a> industriële activiteit door onder meer de aanwezigheid van <a href="/wiki/Watermolen_(door_water_aangedreven_molen)" title="Watermolen (door water aangedreven molen)">watermolens</a>. In de 19e eeuw raakte de middenloop echter veel sterker geïndustrialiseerd, onder meer door de aanleg van de spoorweg van Sint-Omaars naar <a href="/wiki/Boulogne-sur-Mer" title="Boulogne-sur-Mer">Boulogne-sur-Mer</a>, die al in 1874 gereed was. Die industriële as is vandaag nog herkenbaar aan de vele oude fabrieksgebouwen in onder meer <a href="/wiki/Lumbres" title="Lumbres">Lumbres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esquerdes" title="Esquerdes">Esquerdes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hallines" title="Hallines">Hallines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wizernes" title="Wizernes">Wizernes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blendecques" title="Blendecques">Blendecques</a> en Arques. De spoorlijn bestaat nog van Arques tot Lumbres, maar is alleen in gebruik voor toeristische treinritten en ten behoeve van de papier- en verpakkingsfabriek Sical in Lumbres. Door de teloorgang van de 19e- en vroeg-20e-eeuwse industrie is ook de middenloop aanmerkelijk "groener" geworden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Benedenloop">Benedenloop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Benedenloop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Benedenloop"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omdat de Aa bij Arques vrij abrupt het zeeniveau bereikt, kent de benedenloop geen verval. Daardoor ontstaat het uitgestrekte moeras van <a href="/wiki/Klaarmares" title="Klaarmares">Klaarmares</a> (<i>Clairmarais</i>), ten oosten van Sint-Omaars. Verder stroomafwaarts was de Aa oorspronkelijk een breed <a href="/wiki/Estuarium" title="Estuarium">estuarium</a>, blootgesteld aan de invloed van de zee. Het gebied is echter in de loop van de <a href="/wiki/Hoge_middeleeuwen" title="Hoge middeleeuwen">hoge middeleeuwen</a> door inpoldering drooggelegd en in cultuur gebracht. Vandaag is de hele benedenloop gekanaliseerd en sluit bij Arques aan op de <a href="/wiki/Nieuwegracht_(Frans-Vlaanderen)" title="Nieuwegracht (Frans-Vlaanderen)">Nieuwegracht</a> (<i>Neufossé</i>), die de Aa met de <a href="/wiki/Leie_(rivier)" title="Leie (rivier)">Leie</a> verbindt. De aansluiting moet een hoogteverschil van 13 meter overbruggen. Aanvankelijk werd hiervoor een complex van vijf <a href="/wiki/Sluis_(waterbouwkunde)" title="Sluis (waterbouwkunde)">sluizen</a> gebruikt, dat in 1887 werd vervangen door de <a href="/wiki/Scheepslift_van_Fontinettes" title="Scheepslift van Fontinettes">Scheepslift van Fontinettes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deze is in 1967 buiten gebruik gesteld en is weer vervangen door een sluizencomplex. </p><p>De benedenloop van de Aa vormt over grote delen de grens tussen het <a href="/wiki/Noorderdepartement" title="Noorderdepartement">Noorderdepartement</a> en het departement <a href="/wiki/Pas-de-Calais" title="Pas-de-Calais">Pas-de-Calais</a>, wat tevens de historische grens is tussen de voormalige graafschappen <a href="/wiki/Graafschap_Vlaanderen" title="Graafschap Vlaanderen">Vlaanderen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Graafschap_Artesi%C3%AB" title="Graafschap Artesië">Artesië</a> (van de <a href="/wiki/Middeleeuwen" title="Middeleeuwen">middeleeuwen</a> tot het einde van het <a href="/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien régime">ancien régime</a>). </p> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aa_River_(France)#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aa River (France)">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aa_River_(France)#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aa River (France)">Aa rivier</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In het gebied van Noord-Frankrijk tot Noordwest-Duitsland komen veel rivieren voor met de naam <a href="/wiki/Aa_(waternaam)" title="Aa (waternaam)">Aa</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120507214535/http://www.histoires-de-chtis.com/index-news-1738-les-fontinettes-ascenseur-a-bateaux.php">Les Fontinettes, ascenseur à bateaux</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123754806">cb123754806</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123754806">(data)</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4558280-4">4558280-4</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">Système universitaire de documentation</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032794673">032794673</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/928144783155565467231">928144783155565467231</a></span></li><li><b></b> <b><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></b> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/928144783155565467231">928144783155565467231</a></li></ul></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&oldid=64110022">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aa_(Frankrijk)&oldid=64110022</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Rivier_in_Pas-de-Calais" title="Categorie:Rivier in Pas-de-Calais">Rivier in Pas-de-Calais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Rivier_in_het_Noorderdepartement" title="Categorie:Rivier in het Noorderdepartement">Rivier in het Noorderdepartement</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Stroomgebied_van_de_Noordzee" title="Categorie:Stroomgebied van de Noordzee">Stroomgebied van de Noordzee</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 7 apr 2023 om 08:22.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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