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Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_IEP_or_IFEP" title="الدفع الكهربائي المتكامل IEP or IFEP – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدفع الكهربائي المتكامل IEP or IFEP" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrierter_elektrischer_Antrieb" title="Integrierter elektrischer Antrieb – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Integrierter elektrischer Antrieb" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsi_listrik_terintegrasi" title="Propulsi listrik terintegrasi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Propulsi listrik terintegrasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsione_elettrica_integrata" title="Propulsione elettrica integrata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Propulsione elettrica integrata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E6%8E%A8%E9%80%B2" title="統合電気推進 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="統合電気推進" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEP" title="IEP – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IEP" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Copy_edit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Copy_edit" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/36px-Acap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/54px-Acap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/72px-Acap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may require <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_copyediting" title="Wikipedia:Basic copyediting">copy editing</a> for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can assist by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Integrated_electric_propulsion" title="Special:EditPage/Integrated electric propulsion">editing it</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Arrangement of marine propulsion systems that generators generate electricity</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg/220px-Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg/330px-Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg/440px-Type_45_Power_Distribution.jpg 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>An example of integrated electric propulsion in the <a href="/wiki/Type_45_destroyer" title="Type 45 destroyer">Type 45 destroyer</a><br />(GT: gas turbine; DG: diesel generator)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Integrated electric propulsion</b> (<b>IEP</b>), <b>full electric propulsion</b> (<b>FEP</b>) or <b>integrated full electric propulsion</b> (<b>IFEP</b>) is an arrangement of <a href="/wiki/Marine_propulsion" title="Marine propulsion">marine propulsion</a> systems such that <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a> or <a href="/wiki/Diesel_generators" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel generators">diesel generators</a> or both generate <a href="/wiki/Three-phase" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-phase">three-phase</a><sup id="cite_ref-ASNE_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASNE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">electricity</a> which is then used to power <a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motors</a><sup id="cite_ref-Converteam_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Converteam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> turning either <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">propellers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pump-jet" title="Pump-jet">waterjet</a> <a href="/wiki/Impellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Impellor">impellors</a>. It is a modification of the <a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel-electric_and_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined diesel-electric and gas">combined diesel-electric and gas</a> propulsion system for <a href="/wiki/Ship" title="Ship">ships</a> which eliminates the need for <a href="/wiki/Clutch" title="Clutch">clutches</a> and reduces or eliminates the need for <a href="/wiki/Gearbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Gearbox">gearboxes</a><sup id="cite_ref-Converteam_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Converteam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NavyMatters_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NavyMatters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by using electrical transmission rather than mechanical transmission of energy, so it is a <a href="/wiki/Series_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Series hybrid">series hybrid</a> electric propulsion, instead of <a href="/wiki/Parallel_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallel hybrid">parallel</a>. </p><p>Some newer nuclear-powered warships also use a form of IEP. A nuclear power plant produces the steam to operate turbine generators; these in turn power electric propulsion motors. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Integrated_system">Integrated system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Integrated system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="margin:0.5em;float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Combined marine propulsion </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel_or_gas" title="Combined diesel or gas">Combined diesel or gas</a> (CODOG)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel_and_gas" title="Combined diesel and gas">Combined diesel and gas</a> (CODAG)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel-electric_and_diesel" title="Combined diesel-electric and diesel">Combined diesel-electric and diesel</a> (CODLAD)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel%E2%80%93electric_and_gas" title="Combined diesel–electric and gas">Combined diesel–electric and gas</a> (CODLAG)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_diesel_and_diesel" title="Combined diesel and diesel">Combined diesel and diesel</a> (CODAD)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_steam_and_gas" title="Combined steam and gas">Combined steam and gas</a> (COSAG)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_gas_or_gas" title="Combined gas or gas">Combined gas or gas</a> (COGOG)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_gas_and_gas" title="Combined gas and gas">Combined gas and gas</a> (COGAG)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_gas_and_steam" title="Combined gas and steam">Combined gas and steam</a> (COGAS)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combined_nuclear_and_steam_propulsion" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined nuclear and steam propulsion">Combined nuclear and steam propulsion</a> (CONAS)<br /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Integrated electric propulsion</a> (IEP or IFEP) </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Eliminating the mechanical connection between the engines and the propulsion has several advantages including increased freedom of placement of the engines,<sup id="cite_ref-NavyMatters_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NavyMatters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Acoustics" title="Acoustics">acoustical</a> decoupling of the engines from the <a href="/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)" title="Hull (watercraft)">hull</a> which makes the ship less noisy, and a reduction of weight and volume.<sup id="cite_ref-NavyMatters_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NavyMatters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reducing <a href="/wiki/Acoustic_signature" title="Acoustic signature">acoustic signature</a> is particularly important to <a href="/wiki/Naval_vessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval vessel">naval vessels</a> seeking to avoid detection and to <a href="/wiki/Cruise_ship" title="Cruise ship">cruise ships</a> seeking to provide passengers with a pleasant voyage, but is of less benefit to <a href="/wiki/Cargo_ship" title="Cargo ship">cargo ships</a>. Because ships require electricity even when not underway, having all of the engines produce electricity reduces the number of engines needed compared to more traditional arrangements in which one pool of engines provides electricity and another pool of engines provides propulsion, reducing capital costs and maintenance costs.<sup id="cite_ref-ASNE_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASNE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NavyMatters_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NavyMatters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A typical integrated electric propulsion arrangement on larger (e.g. cruise ships) and naval vessels includes both diesel generators and gas turbines. On smaller vessels (which make up the majority of IEP vessels) the engines are typically just diesel. The advantages of gas turbines include much lower weight.<sup id="cite_ref-ASNE_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASNE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-YachtingMagazine_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YachtingMagazine-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and smaller size<sup id="cite_ref-ASNE_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASNE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> than diesels of similar power, and much less noise and <a href="/wiki/Vibration" title="Vibration">vibration</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-YachtingMagazine_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YachtingMagazine-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but they are efficient only at or near maximum power. Diesel generators have the advantage of high efficiency over a wide range of power levels. Using them in combination allows for the benefits of a full range of operational efficiency, a low-vibration quiet mode of operation, and some reduction in weight and volume relative to a diesel-only arrangement. In naval vessels, a pool of diesel generators are typically used to provide a base load and enough power to achieve cruise speed. The gas turbines are used to provide peak power for higher speeds and may be required to operate weapon systems with high power demands. In passenger ships, one or more gas turbines are used for fast cruising. The diesels provide reliable redundancy and an efficient source of electricity when in port, at anchor, or drifting. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Diesel-electric_transmission" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel-electric transmission">diesel-electric</a> system is an integrated electric propulsion system in which no gas turbines are used and all of the engines are diesel. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Turbine-electric_transmission" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbine-electric transmission">turbine-electric system</a> is also possible using gas turbine generators. Some <a href="/wiki/Yacht" title="Yacht">yachts</a> use only gas turbines for integrated electric propulsion without any diesel engines. If electric propulsion is used via electric motor on shaft, or integrated into the main reduction gear driving the shaft, greater power available is realized faster than using diesels. In addition, an on-shaft permanent magnet motor drive system also utilizing gas turbine Prime Movers on the main reduction gear, can also provide electricity when driven by the Prime Movers. The on-shaft permanent magnet electric motors provide propulsion at lower speeds via on-board electrical power generation gas turbine or diesel, at significant fuel savings. If a fleet wide usage is analyzed, significant logistical advantages are realized over time. Compared to diesel, it increases flexibility, versatility and efficiency, with capability of transforming to provide propulsion or electrical power more rapidly, which ever the situation dictates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reducing_pollution">Reducing pollution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reducing pollution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Norway gas electric hybrid propulsion is being used on a fleet of <a href="/wiki/Electric_boat" title="Electric boat">fully electric</a> and plug-in <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_ferry" title="Hybrid ferry">hybrid ferries</a> that cross fjords. Capable of travelling at 17-18 knots, these ships reduce total NO<sub>x</sub> by 8,000 tonnes per year and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by 300,000 tonnes per annum. Saving a million litres of diesel per year per ferry, the ferries recharge their batteries overnight and top them up from <a href="/wiki/Shorepower" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorepower">shorepower</a> at each port of call.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_IEP_ships">List of IEP ships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of IEP ships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DDG(X)" title="DDG(X)">DDG(X)</a> (<a href="/wiki/US_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Navy">US Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_45_destroyer" title="Type 45 destroyer">Type 45 destroyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumwalt-class_destroyer" title="Zumwalt-class destroyer"><i>Zumwalt</i>-class destroyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/US_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Navy">US Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_2" title="Queen Mary 2">RMS <i>Queen Mary 2</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Cunard_Line" title="Cunard Line">Cunard Line</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark-class_dry_cargo_ship" title="Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ship"><i>Lewis and Clark</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Dry_cargo_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry cargo ship">dry cargo ship</a> (US Navy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carrier"><i>Queen Elizabeth</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carrier</a> (Royal Navy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_landing_helicopter_dock_Juan_Carlos_I" title="Spanish landing helicopter dock Juan Carlos I"><i>Juan Carlos I</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Landing_helicopter_dock" title="Landing helicopter dock">LHD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spanish Navy</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2024/03/singapore-cuts-steel-on-its-first-multirole-combat-vessel-mrcv/">Multi Role Combat Vessel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Singapore_Navy" title="Republic of Singapore Navy">Republic Of SIngapore Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canberra-class_landing_helicopter_dock" title="Canberra-class landing helicopter dock"><i>Canberra</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Landing_helicopter_dock" title="Landing helicopter dock">LHD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_icebreaker_Shirase_(AGB-5003)" title="Japanese icebreaker Shirase (AGB-5003)"><i>Shirase</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Japan_Maritime_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force">Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force</a>)</li> <li>Nichinan-class oceanographic survey ship (Japan Maritime Self Defence Force)</li> <li>Shounan-class oceanographic survey ship (Japan Maritime Self Defence Force)</li> <li>Leeuwin-class Hydrographic Ship (Royal Australian Navy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_076_landing_helicopter_dock" title="Type 076 landing helicopter dock">Type 076 landing helicopter dock</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">People's Liberation Army Navy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/INS_Anvesh_(A41)" title="INS Anvesh (A41)">INS Anvesh (A41)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">Indian Navy</a> & <a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">Defence Research and Development Organisation</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_18_class_destroyers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project 18 class destroyers (page does not exist)">Project 18 class destroyers</a> (Indian Navy)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_boat" title="Electric boat">Electric boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC_distribution_system_(ship_propulsion)" title="DC distribution system (ship propulsion)">DC distribution system (ship propulsion)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ASNE-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ASNE_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASNE_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASNE_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASNE_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDr._Timothy_J._McCoy_and_Dr._John_V._Amy_Jr." class="citation web cs1">Dr. Timothy J. McCoy and Dr. John V. Amy Jr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718235920/https://www.navalengineers.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009%20Proceedings%20Documents/ESDS%202009/Papers/McCoy_Amy.pdf">"The State-of-the-Art of Integrated Electric Power and Propulsion Systems and Technologies on Ships"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. American Society of Naval Engineers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navalengineers.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009%20Proceedings%20Documents/ESDS%202009/Papers/McCoy_Amy.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 18, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=India%2C+UK+closer+to+pact+on+electric+propulsion+system+for+warships&rft.date=2024-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Findia-uk-closer-to-pact-on-electric-propulsion-system-for-warships-9296010%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntegrated+electric+propulsion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&oldid=1244727036">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Integrated_electric_propulsion&oldid=1244727036</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electric_boats" title="Category:Electric boats">Electric boats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Marine_propulsion" title="Category:Marine propulsion">Marine propulsion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hybrid_electric_vehicles" title="Category:Hybrid electric vehicles">Hybrid electric vehicles</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2016" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from January 2016">Articles with dead external links from January 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Norwegian_Nynorsk-language_sources_(nn)" title="Category:CS1 Norwegian Nynorsk-language sources (nn)">CS1 Norwegian Nynorsk-language sources (nn)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_copy_edit_from_March_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from March 2024">Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from March 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_copy_edit" title="Category:All articles needing copy edit">All articles needing copy edit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 September 2024, at 20:24<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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