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class="vector-toc-link" href="#About_me"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>About me</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-About_me-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_diploma_divide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_diploma_divide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>The diploma divide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_diploma_divide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spiritual_beliefs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spiritual_beliefs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Spiritual beliefs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spiritual_beliefs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_Philosophy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_Philosophy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personal Philosophy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_Philosophy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal Philosophy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_Philosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Truth_is_stranger_than_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Truth_is_stranger_than_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Truth is stranger than fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Truth_is_stranger_than_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_Views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_Views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Economic Views</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_Views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Ideology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ideology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influential_Economists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influential_Economists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Influential Economists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influential_Economists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: This is my user page, not a blog or article. I don't disclose my personal information on Wikipedia, and my real name is not John Adams. Please post on my user talk page to discuss editing. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png/200px-Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png/300px-Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png/400px-Edward_Coles_by_John_Henry_Brown.png 2x" data-file-width="617" data-file-height="775" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edward_Coles" title="Edward Coles">Edward Coles</a>, the man who kept Illinois free of slavery.</figcaption></figure> <p>I am a Wikipedia editor who is sometimes busy (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_a_volunteer_service" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is a volunteer service">WP:VOLUNTEER</a>), and can make mistakes or disagree with the consensus. I enjoy maps, statistics, and history far more than editing contentious topics. </p><p>My main goal is not to right great wrongs (<a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tendentious_editing#Righting_great_wrongs">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tendentious_editing#Righting_great_wrongs</a>), but to document events and information. There are some exceptions, such as <a href="/wiki/Genocide_denial" title="Genocide denial">genocide denial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a>, but I don't articles on most edit contentious topics. </p><p>I am a graduate student (PhD statistics) at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign">UIUC</a> in the United States. I have a Bachelor's of Science in mathematics and statistics, and I can verify the results and proofs for most mathematics and statistics articles that are at the undergraduate college level or below. I don't focus as much on editing mathematics articles on Wikipedia, because I prefer using LaTeX formatting. </p><p>Link for graphs: <a class="external free" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:RCraig09#Inequality,_social_issues">https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:RCraig09#Inequality,_social_issues</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Favorite_quotes">Favorite quotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Favorite quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>“Out of every one-hundred men, ten shouldn’t even be there, eighty are just targets, nine are the real fighters, and we are lucky to have them, for they make the battle. Ah, but the one, one is a warrior and he will bring the others back.” -- <a href="/wiki/Heraclitus" title="Heraclitus">Heraclitus</a> </p><p>This is an analogy for the <a href="/wiki/1%25_rule" title="1% rule">1% rule</a> in Internet culture over 2,000 years later. </p><p>"We have to be faster in calming down a resentment than putting out a fire, because the consequences of the first are infinitely more dangerous than the results of the last; fire ends burning down some houses at the most, while the resentment can cause cruel wars, with the ruin and total destruction of nations." ~ <a href="/wiki/Heraclitus" title="Heraclitus">Heraclitus</a> </p><p>"A man's character is his fate." ~ Heraclitus </p><p>Explanations: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Pareto_principle" title="Pareto principle">Pareto principle</a> in war.</li> <li>The second is self-explanatory.</li> <li>It's not about what happens to you, but about how you acted and chose to respond that matters. In other words, <a href="/wiki/Amor_fati" title="Amor fati">Amor fati</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wikipedia_Articles_and_Projects">Wikipedia Articles and Projects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Wikipedia Articles and Projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_C_Scott_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/James_C_Scott_2016.jpg/150px-James_C_Scott_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/James_C_Scott_2016.jpg/225px-James_C_Scott_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/James_C_Scott_2016.jpg/300px-James_C_Scott_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="529" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_C._Scott" title="James C. Scott">James C. Scott</a> in 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>I regularly edit articles, mainly related to world events, both in the United States (my home country) and around the world. I am a regular editor of the pages <a href="/wiki/War_in_Sudan_(2023-present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Sudan (2023-present)">War in Sudan (2023-present)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Civil_War_(2021-present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Myanmar Civil War (2021-present)">Myanmar Civil War (2021-present)</a>, because they are important armed conflicts that don't get much media attention but have an effect on the lives of millions of people. </p> <ul><li>In particular, I mainly use <i>Sudan War Monitor</i> as my main website for information on the War in Sudan, and <i>The Irrawaddy</i> as my main source for the Myanmar Civil War.</li></ul> <p>I do edit other articles, such as articles related to economics, history, and society. I usually don't edit articles related to contentious topics. </p><p>Some of my favorite articles to edit have been <a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">social class in the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a>. </p><p>I don't usually edit mathematics articles because they are well-sourced and written, and mathematics hasn't change much in recent decades. Of the seven <a href="/wiki/Millennium_Prize_Problems" title="Millennium Prize Problems">Millennium Prize Problems</a>, only one has been solved. <a href="/wiki/Fermat%27s_Last_Theorem" title="Fermat's Last Theorem">Fermat's Last Theorem</a> took 358 years to prove. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_fall_of_the_neoliberal_order">The fall of the neoliberal order</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The fall of the neoliberal order"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The crisis of the <a href="/wiki/2020s" title="2020s">2020s</a> can be clearly attributed to the fall of the neoliberal order, which has led to political polarization in the United States and the Russo-Ukrainian war, among other conflicts. Neoliberalism had its strengths and weaknesses--it is better than Communism, helped spur industrialization in many countries, and helped augment cultural liberalism. </p><p>But neoliberalism also caused deindustrialization in much of the Western world, spurred resentment in much of Eastern Europe ("red hangover" so to speak), and caused <a href="/wiki/Elite_overproduction" title="Elite overproduction">elite overproduction</a> to use <a href="/wiki/Peter_Turchin" title="Peter Turchin">Peter Turchin</a> terminology. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="About_me">About me</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: About me"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I have a Bachelor's of Science in mathematics and statistics. </p><p>I am <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian American</a>. </p><p>Side-note: My username is inspired by <a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a> and his son <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>, who were the only 2 presidents out of the first 12 that never owned any slaves. Note that <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> freed the 1 slave he owned, and was founder of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Soil_Party" title="Free Soil Party">Free Soil Party</a> who stayed loyal to the Union. </p><p>Some other <b>relatively unknown</b> anti-slavery leaders I admire are <a href="/wiki/Edward_Coles" title="Edward Coles">Edward Coles</a> (Illinois), <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Jennings" title="Jonathan Jennings">Jonathan Jennings</a> (Indiana), <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Robinson_Scott" title="Harriet Robinson Scott">Harriet Robinson Scott</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott" title="Dred Scott">Dred Scott</a>'s wife), <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Henry_Chamberlain" title="Daniel Henry Chamberlain">Daniel Henry Chamberlain</a> (Massachusetts-South Carolina), and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Henry Cabot Lodge</a> (Massachusetts). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_diploma_divide">The diploma divide</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The diploma divide"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Median_household_wealth,_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/2021_Median_household_wealth%2C_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg/300px-2021_Median_household_wealth%2C_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/2021_Median_household_wealth%2C_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg/450px-2021_Median_household_wealth%2C_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/2021_Median_household_wealth%2C_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg/600px-2021_Median_household_wealth%2C_by_highest_educational_attainment_-_US.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Higher educational attainment in the US corresponds with median household wealth.<sup id="cite_ref-WealthEducation_2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WealthEducation_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The biggest class divide in the United States and many other countries is the <i>diploma divide</i>, between those with and without an <a href="/wiki/Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">academic degree</a>. There are gray areas--i.e. those who dropped out; those with Associate's degrees--but the divide approaches a chasm after receiving a Bachelor's degree. </p><p>This divide is so ubiquitous as to become imperceptible for those on either side of the divide. The divide has a political element to it, but almost everyone with influence (i.e. business, politics, media, etc.) has a Bachelor's degree or higher. </p> <ul><li>White high school dropouts are still richer, on average, than Black college graduates.</li></ul> <p>This divide is astounding, creating a <a href="/wiki/Bourgeoisie" title="Bourgeoisie">Bourgeoisie</a> of education for lack of a better term. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spiritual_beliefs">Spiritual beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Spiritual beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I am <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnostic</a>, and have seen too much tragedy to believe in <a href="/wiki/Happy_ending" title="Happy ending">happy endings</a>. I agree with <a href="/wiki/Indeterminism" title="Indeterminism">Indeterminism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Absurdism" title="Absurdism">absurdism</a>, but not <a href="/wiki/Nihilism" title="Nihilism">nihilism</a>. Nihilism has been used to justify some of the worst atrocities, such as the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khmer_Rouge" title="Khmer Rouge">Khmer Rouge</a>. </p><p>Religions can be both good or bad. Some of the worst uses of religion have been to justify slavery, discrimination, and unjustifiable violence. Some of the best uses of religion have been to promote peace, mindfulness, and freedom. </p><p>Yet the existence of nearly-miraculous numbers such as <a href="/wiki/Pi" title="Pi">pi</a> (3.14), <a href="/wiki/E_(mathematical_constant)" title="E (mathematical constant)">e</a> (2.718), and the 50-50 <a href="/wiki/Sex_ratio" title="Sex ratio">sex ratio</a> have convinced me that external forces do exist, but are not those prescribed in religions. </p><p>I don't believe in the <a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">afterlife</a>. As Stephen Hawking said: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>There is probably no heaven, and no afterlife either. We have this one life to appreciate the grand design of the universe, and for that, I am extremely grateful.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_Philosophy">Personal Philosophy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Personal Philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg/250px-Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg/375px-Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg/500px-Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_grave_marker_2022-07-15_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2303" data-file-height="2827" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/De_mortuis_nil_nisi_bonum" title="De mortuis nil nisi bonum">Do not speak ill of the dead</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Justice_Scalia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Justice_Scalia.jpg/220px-Justice_Scalia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Justice_Scalia.jpg/330px-Justice_Scalia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Justice_Scalia.jpg/440px-Justice_Scalia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rest_in_peace" title="Rest in peace">Rest in peace</a></figcaption></figure> <p>My political, economic, and religious views <b>don't</b> fit in an ideological box, and are guided by the maxims of <a href="/wiki/Truth" title="Truth">truth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Introspection" title="Introspection">introspection</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pragmatism" title="Pragmatism">pragmatism</a>. I am an <a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">empiricist</a>, and open to changing my mind on most issues. My ideological views often change with time. </p><p>The fact I have a Bachelor's degree and am getting a PhD itself likely inclines my relatively politically <a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> views, but I'm also Asian American. Most racial minorities in the United States are not ideological (defined as agreeing more than 75% of the time with the left or right), and <b>I count myself as non-ideological.</b> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Truth_is_stranger_than_fiction">Truth is stranger than fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Truth is stranger than fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Perception is not reality,</b> that is beliefs or founding myths can often be totally wrong. Here are some examples: </p> <ul><li>Wealth and income inequality was just as high, if not higher, in France during the <a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque" title="Belle Époque">Belle Époque</a> compared to France on the eve of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Broadly speaking, the United States aspires to be an <a href="/wiki/Egalitarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Egalitarian">egalitarian</a> country with <a href="/wiki/Social_mobility" title="Social mobility">social mobility</a>, epitomized by the <a href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</a>. In practice, <a href="/wiki/Socioeconomic_mobility_in_the_United_States" title="Socioeconomic mobility in the United States">socioeconomic mobility in the United States</a> is relatively low, compared to Nordic countries and Canada, and <a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality in the United States</a> is relatively high.</li></ul> <p>Although Latin America is a largely <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> region, it has the highest rates of non-marital childbearing in the world (55–74% of all children in this region are born to unmarried parents).<sup id="cite_ref-sustaindemographicdividend.org_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sustaindemographicdividend.org-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of my favorite shows is <a href="/wiki/Adam_Ruins_Everything" title="Adam Ruins Everything">Adam Ruins Everything</a>. One of my favorite scientists is <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_Views">Economic Views</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economic Views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>You could call my economic views as part of <a href="/wiki/Heterodox_economics" title="Heterodox economics">heterodox economics</a>. I <b>reject</b> many of the fundamental tenets of mainstream economics, such as the <a href="/wiki/Time_value_of_money" title="Time value of money">time value of money</a>. </p><p>I am a believer in the <a href="/wiki/Political_economy" title="Political economy">political economy</a>. Culture is important to understanding economics, including models of economics. </p><p>Some of my favorite economists include <a href="/wiki/Peter_Turchin" title="Peter Turchin">Peter Turchin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Caplan" title="Bryan Caplan">Bryan Caplan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ha-Joon_Chang" title="Ha-Joon Chang">Ha-Joon Chang</a>, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ideology">Ideology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ideology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ideology should not be a litmus test, but adapted to particular circumstances. <a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a> gave different advice to different people, depending on their circumstances. </p><p>Some people who have influenced my views include <a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Founding_Father)" title="James Wilson (Founding Father)">James Wilson (Founding Father)</a>, Mellow Melon (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://aops.com">https://aops.com</a>), MJ DeMarco (businessman), <a href="/wiki/Adam_Khoo" title="Adam Khoo">Adam Khoo</a> (Singaporean businessman), <a href="/wiki/Peter_Turchin" title="Peter Turchin">Peter Turchin</a> (historian), <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Syed" title="Matthew Syed">Matthew Syed</a> (journalist), and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Conover" title="Adam Conover">Adam Conover</a> (comedian). </p> <ul><li>For example, in my view the left-right political spectrum doesn't represent a worldwide perspective on politics, rather just the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a>. For example, much of the rest of the world has a shame-based culture, while the western world has a guilt-based culture: <a href="/wiki/Guilt%E2%80%93shame%E2%80%93fear_spectrum_of_cultures" title="Guilt–shame–fear spectrum of cultures">Guilt–shame–fear spectrum of cultures</a>.</li> <li>The United States has a <a href="/wiki/Two-party_system" title="Two-party system">two-party system</a>, but much of the rest of the world with electoral competition has a <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party system</a>.</li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pareto_distribution" title="Pareto distribution">Pareto distribution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zipf%27s_law" title="Zipf's law">Zipf's law</a> from statistics have influenced my political and economic views. </p><p>My economic views can be classified as part of <a href="/wiki/Heterodox_economics" title="Heterodox economics">heterodox economics</a>, and I focus on <a href="/wiki/Empirical_evidence" title="Empirical evidence">empirical evidence</a>, not merely conjecture. One example includes the <a href="/wiki/Anchoring_effect" title="Anchoring effect">anchoring effect</a>, where individual judgement is based on relative comparison, and has been used as part of the <a href="/wiki/Decoy_effect" title="Decoy effect">decoy effect</a>. </p> <ul><li>In my opinion, mainstream economists do not take into account the realities of physical force, taxation, and <a href="/wiki/Borders" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Borders">borders</a>. Before <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Right_of_conquest" title="Right of conquest">right of conquest</a> was the standard by which the world operated, and even today the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> highlights how physical force--<a href="/wiki/Blood_and_Iron_(speech)" title="Blood and Iron (speech)">blood and iron</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Political_power_grows_out_of_the_barrel_of_a_gun" title="Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun">barrel of a gun</a> is the foundation of political power.</li> <li>They also don't take into account how <a href="/wiki/Money" title="Money">money</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Social_construct" title="Social construct">social construct</a>, with no inherent value, and the only reason it carries inherent value is because we choose to believe it does. Inflation is due to an increase in the money supply, which is inevitable due to the <a href="/wiki/Paradox" title="Paradox">paradox</a> by which the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_currency" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiat currency">fiat currency</a> system and <a href="/wiki/Fractional_reserve_lending" class="mw-redirect" title="Fractional reserve lending">fractional reserve lending</a> operate (P < P + I).</li></ul> <p>Side-note: I am neither a <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> nor a <a href="/wiki/Fascist" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist">fascist</a>. Both ideologies have usually led to <a href="/wiki/Totalitarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Totalitarian">totalitarian</a> regimes that have committed <a href="/wiki/Democide" title="Democide">democide</a> and <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> in their wake. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Influential_Economists">Influential Economists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Influential Economists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some economists who have influenced my views include <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Piketty" title="Thomas Piketty">Thomas Piketty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ha-Joon_Chang" title="Ha-Joon Chang">Ha-Joon Chang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Caplan" title="Bryan Caplan">Bryan Caplan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Bueno_de_Mesquita" title="Bruce Bueno de Mesquita">Bruce Bueno de Mesquita</a>. </p><p>Piketty inspired my views about the <a href="/wiki/Political_economy" title="Political economy">political economy</a>, Chang inspired my views about economics, Caplan inspired my views on pragmatism, and Bruce Bueno de Mesquita inspired my vies about <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a>. In particular, <a href="/wiki/Capital_and_Ideology" title="Capital and Ideology">Capital and Ideology</a> by Piketty is one of my favorite economics books. </p> <ul><li>One of the most important points of Piketty's book was that income and wealth inequality <b>increased</b> in France after the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French Third Republic</a> (1870-1940) in the <a href="/wiki/Belle_Epoque" class="mw-redirect" title="Belle Epoque">Belle Epoque</a> (1880-1914). Even though France was no longer an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a> and had universal male suffrage, it was still extremely plutocratic.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bryan Caplan's <a href="/wiki/The_Case_Against_Education" title="The Case Against Education">The Case Against Education</a> was an intriguing book, and while I don't agree with all of it, his coverage of <a href="/wiki/Signalling_(economics)" title="Signalling (economics)">signaling</a> is thorough. I don't agree with him on everything in the book, but I have ironically learned a lot from it. </p><p>People mostly forget what they have learned in classes, particularly in arcane subjects (i.e. history, fine arts, literature, etc.). Even as a mathematics major, I often forget some content I learned in prerequisite mathematics classes that aren't used in later classes. </p><p>Most people don't use what they have learned. For example, I'm a mathematics & statistics major, and although I do genuinely enjoy some areas of knowledge, I likely will never use them--i.e. most history, literature, fine arts, even some science and English. </p> <ul><li>To expand on this, most people will not get a college degree. Less than 40% of American adults over the age of 25 have a Bachelor's degree, and even including an Associate's degree, less than 50% of American adults over the age of 25 have a college degree. Today's schools prepare students for college, even though most won't graduate from college.</li></ul> <p>Finally, even what students have learned that is relatively relevant is simply signaling. As someone who has taken advanced graduate courses in mathematics, which are arcane by every standard, there are few jobs available. I became a statistician because I need to have a viable way to make a living, though I generally do enjoy statistics. </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WealthEducation_2021-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WealthEducation_2021_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSullivanHaysBennett2023" class="citation web cs1">Sullivan, Brianna; Hays, Donald; Bennett, Neil (June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2023/demo/p70br-183.pdf">"The Wealth of Households: 2021 / Current Population Reports / P70BR-183"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United States Census Bureau. p. 5 (Figure 2). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240524023705/https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2023/demo/p70br-183.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 24, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wealth+of+Households%3A+2021+%2F+Current+Population+Reports+%2F+P70BR-183&rft.pages=5+%28Figure+2%29&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2023-06&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Brianna&rft.au=Hays%2C+Donald&rft.au=Bennett%2C+Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2FCensus%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2F2023%2Fdemo%2Fp70br-183.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUser%3AJohnAdams1800" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sustaindemographicdividend.org-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sustaindemographicdividend.org_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sustaindemographicdividend.org/articles/international-family-indicators/global-childrens-trends">"Global Children's Trends"</a>. <i>The Sustainable Demographic Dividend</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sustainable+Demographic+Dividend&rft.atitle=Global+Children%27s+Trends&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsustaindemographicdividend.org%2Farticles%2Finternational-family-indicators%2Fglobal-childrens-trends&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUser%3AJohnAdams1800" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&oldid=1259025336">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JohnAdams1800&oldid=1259025336</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 November 2024, at 23:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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