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Tchéquie — Wikipédia
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<li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Langue</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Tch%C3%A9quie&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Suivre</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modifier</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> <span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirigé depuis <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que&redirect=no&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="République tchèque">République tchèque</a>)</span> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p id="sous_titre_h1" class="noexcerpt">République tchèque</p> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"> <figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%80_sourcer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a> <figcaption> Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/45px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/68px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/90px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-04" data-sort-value="2023-04">avril 2023</time>).</small></p> <p>Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les <b>références utiles à sa <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a></b> et en les liant à la section « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence">Notes et références</a> ».</p> <p><b>En pratique :</b> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Qualit%C3%A9_des_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">Quelles sources sont attendues ?</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Comment ajouter mes sources ?</a></p> </div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:23em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #e3e3e3;"> <div> <p>République tchèque</p> <p><small><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : tchèque">(cs)</abbr> <i><span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><span class="lang-cs" lang="cs">Česká republika</span></span></i></small></p> </div> </div> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau"><img alt="Drapeau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/110px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/165px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drapeau_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drapeau de la Tchéquie">Drapeau de la Tchéquie</a> </small></td> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Blason"><img alt="Blason" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/88px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="88" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/132px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/176px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1171" data-file-height="1403"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armoiries_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armoiries de la Tchéquie">Armoiries de la Tchéquie</a> </small></td> </tr> <tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption class="hidden" style=""> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_devises_nationales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des devises nationales">Devise</a></th> <td>en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">Tchèque</a> : <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pravda_v%C3%ADt%C4%9Bz%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pravda vítězí">Pravda vítězí</a></i> (« La vérité vaincra<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> »)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hymne_national?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hymne national">Hymne</a></th> <td>en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">tchèque</a> : <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kde_domov_m%C5%AFj%3F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kde domov můj?">Kde domov můj?</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></i> (« Où est ma patrie ? »)<br> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <span> <audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="130" style="width:130px;" data-durationhint="73" data-mwtitle="Czech_anthem.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fichier:Czech_anthem.ogg"> <source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Czech_anthem.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Czech_anthem.ogg/Czech_anthem.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=be&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="be" label="беларуская (be)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=bg&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bg" label="български (bg)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=cs&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="cs" label="čeština (cs)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch (de)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English (en)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español (es)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=he&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="he" label="עברית (he)" data-dir="rtl"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=hr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="hr" label="hrvatski (hr)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=hu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="hu" label="magyar (hu)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia (id)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 (ja)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 (ko)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=pl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski (pl)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português (pt)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский (ru)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=sah&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sah" label="саха тыла (sah)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=sk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sk" label="slovenčina (sk)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=sr-ec&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr-Cyrl" label="српски (ћирилица) (sr-ec)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=sr-el&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr-Latn" label="srpski (latinica) (sr-el)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська (uk)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt (vi)" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=yi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="yi" label="ייִדיש (yi)" data-dir="rtl"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACzech_anthem.ogg&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体） (zh-hans)" data-dir="ltr"> </audio></span> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%AAte_nationale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fête nationale">Fête nationale</a></th> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="10-28" data-sort-value="10-28">28 octobre</time></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><small>· Événement commémoré</small></th> <td> <div style="font-size:85%;"> Création de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_R%C3%A9publique_(Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Première République (Tchécoslovaquie)">Tchécoslovaquie</a> (<time>1918</time>) </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="hr" style="background-color:#e3e3e3; height:1px;"></div> <div class="images"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fichier:EU-Czech_Republic.svg&lang=fr&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/EU-Czech_Republic.svg/langfr-220px-EU-Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/EU-Czech_Republic.svg/langfr-330px-EU-Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/EU-Czech_Republic.svg/langfr-440px-EU-Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720"></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"> La Tchéquie en Europe (l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a> en vert clair). </div> <div class="hr" style="background-color:#e3e3e3; height:1px;"></div> <div class="images"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg&lang=fr&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de l'image Czechia-geographic map-fr.svg." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg/langfr-220px-Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg/langfr-330px-Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg/langfr-440px-Czechia-geographic_map-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1949" data-file-height="1200"></a></span> </div> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Administration </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Forme de l'État</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République">République</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlement">parlementaire</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Président de la République tchèque">Président de la République</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petr_Pavel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petr Pavel">Petr Pavel</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_du_gouvernement_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Président du gouvernement de la République tchèque">Président du gouvernement</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petr_Fiala?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petr Fiala">Petr Fiala</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlement">Parlement</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlement_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlement de la République tchèque">Parlement</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_haute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre haute">Chambre haute</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_basse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre basse">Chambre basse</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat (Tchéquie)">Sénat</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre des députés (Tchéquie)">Chambre des députés</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Langue_officielle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Langue officielle">Langues officielles</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">Tchèque</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_capitales_du_monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des capitales du monde">Capitale</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Prague</a><p style="font-size:89%;">50° 05′ N, 14° 28′ E</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Géographie </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_villes_de_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des villes de Tchéquie">Plus grande ville</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Prague</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Superficie totale</th> <td>78 870 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kilom%C3%A8tre_carr%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></a><br> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_et_territoires_par_superficie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays et territoires par superficie">classé <abbr class="abbr" title="Cent dix-septième">117<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Superficie en eau</th> <td>2 %</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuseau_horaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fuseau horaire">Fuseau horaire</a></th> <td><p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Temps_universel_coordonn%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Temps universel coordonné">UTC</a> +1 (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heure_normale_d%27Europe_centrale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heure normale d'Europe centrale">CET</a>) ;</p> heure d'été : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UTC%2B02:00?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+2</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heure_d%27%C3%A9t%C3%A9_d%27Europe_centrale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heure d'été d'Europe centrale">CEST</a>)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Histoire </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"></th> <td> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ind%C3%A9pendance_(politique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indépendance (politique)">Indépendance</a></th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tchécoslovaquie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tchécoslovaquie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Tchécoslovaquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchécoslovaquie">Tchécoslovaquie</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;">Scission</th> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-01-01" data-sort-value="1993-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 1993</time></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Démographie </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gentil%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gentilé">Gentilé</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8ques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèques">Tchèque</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par population">Population totale</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2023<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>)</span></th> <td>10 882 235 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant"><abbr class="abbr" title="habitants">hab.</abbr></abbr><br> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par population">classé <abbr class="abbr" title="Quatre-vingt-sixième (huitante-sixième / octante-sixième)">86<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Densit%C3%A9_de_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Densité de population">Densité</a></th> <td>138 hab./km<sup>2</sup></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Économie </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB nominal</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en augmentation"><img alt="en augmentation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">296,238 milliards</span> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dollar_am%C3%A9ricain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dollar américain">$</a><br> + 4,81 % (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_PIB_nominal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par PIB nominal"><abbr class="abbr" title="Cinquante-deuxième">52<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parit%C3%A9_de_pouvoir_d%27achat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parité de pouvoir d'achat">(PPA)</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en augmentation"><img alt="en augmentation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> <span class="nowrap">509,953 milliards</span> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dollar_am%C3%A9ricain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dollar américain">$</a><br> + 8,70 % (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_PIB_(PPA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par PIB (PPA)"><abbr class="abbr" title="Quarante-neuvième">49<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB nominal</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut_par_habitant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut par habitant">par hab.</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en augmentation"><img alt="en augmentation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> 27 609,193 <abbr class="abbr" title="dollar"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dollar_am%C3%A9ricain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dollar américain">$</a></abbr><br> + 4,53 % (<abbr class="abbr" title="Quarante-deuxième">42<sup>e</sup></abbr>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parit%C3%A9_de_pouvoir_d%27achat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parité de pouvoir d'achat">(PPA)</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut_par_habitant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut par habitant">par hab.</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en augmentation"><img alt="en augmentation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> 47 527,254 <abbr class="abbr" title="dollar"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dollar_am%C3%A9ricain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dollar américain">$</a></abbr><br> + 8,41 % (<abbr class="abbr" title="Trente-neuvième">39<sup>e</sup></abbr>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taux_de_ch%C3%B4mage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taux de chômage">Taux de chômage</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/10px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/15px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/20px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> 2,5 % de la pop.active<br> - 11,34 %</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dette_publique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dette publique">Dette publique brute</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><b>Nominale :</b><br><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/10px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/15px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/20px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> 2 834,753 milliards de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Couronne_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Couronne tchèque">Kč</a><br> + 10,55 %<br><b>Relative :</b><br><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/10px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/15px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/20px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> 43,348 % du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a><br> + 3,58 %</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monnaie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monnaie">Monnaie</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Couronne_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Couronne tchèque">Couronne tchèque</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_4217?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 4217"><code>CZK</code></a>)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Développement </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indice_de_d%C3%A9veloppement_humain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indice de développement humain">IDH</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2021?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2021">2021</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en diminution"><img alt="en diminution" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> 0,889<sup id="cite_ref-hdr2021-22_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hdr2021-22-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (très élevé ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_IDH?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par IDH"><abbr class="abbr" title="Trente-deuxième">32<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_IDH_ajust%C3%A9_selon_les_in%C3%A9galit%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par IDH ajusté selon les inégalités">IDHI</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2021?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2021">2021</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en diminution"><img alt="en diminution" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> 0,850<sup id="cite_ref-hdr2021-22_4-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hdr2021-22-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_IDH_ajust%C3%A9_selon_les_in%C3%A9galit%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par IDH ajusté selon les inégalités"><abbr class="abbr" title="Seizième">16<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_par_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9_de_revenus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays par égalité de revenus">Coefficient de Gini</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2020?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2020">2020</a>)</span></th> <td>26,2 %<sup id="cite_ref-Gini_BM_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Gini_BM-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indice_d%27in%C3%A9galit%C3%A9_de_genre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indice d'inégalité de genre">Indice d'inégalité de genre</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2021?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2021">2021</a>)</span></th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/10px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/15px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/20px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span> 0,120<sup id="cite_ref-hdr2021-22_4-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hdr2021-22-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indice_d%27in%C3%A9galit%C3%A9_de_genre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indice d'inégalité de genre"><abbr class="abbr" title="Trente-quatrième">34<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indice_de_performance_environnementale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indice de performance environnementale">Indice de performance <span style="word-wrap:normal;">environnementale</span></a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2022?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2022">2022</a>)</span></th> <td><span data-sort-value=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="en augmentation"><img alt="en augmentation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></span></span></span> 59,9<sup id="cite_ref-IPE2022_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IPE2022-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indice_de_performance_environnementale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indice de performance environnementale"><abbr class="abbr" title="Dix-neuvième">19<sup>e</sup></abbr></a>)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption style="background-color:#e3e3e3;"> Divers </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_3166-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 3166-1">Code ISO 3166-1</a></th> <td><code>CZE, CZ</code></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Domaine_de_premier_niveau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Domaine de premier niveau">Domaine Internet</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.cz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".cz">.cz</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.eu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".eu">.eu</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>a<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_indicatifs_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9phoniques_internationaux_par_pays?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des indicatifs téléphoniques internationaux par pays">Indicatif téléphonique</a></th> <td>+420</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_codes_internationaux_des_plaques_min%C3%A9ralogiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste des codes internationaux des plaques minéralogiques">Code sur plaque minéralogique</a></th> <td>CZ</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:9em;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_internationale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation internationale">Organisations internationales</a></th> <td><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Nations unies"><img alt="Drapeau des Nations unies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_des_Nations_unies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation des Nations unies">ONU</a> : <time>1993</time><br><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_NATO.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'OTAN"><img alt="Drapeau de l'OTAN" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/20px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/30px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/40px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768"></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_du_trait%C3%A9_de_l%27Atlantique_nord?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord">OTAN</a> : <time>1999</time><br><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%27Europe_(version_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e_2013).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/4/49/Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%27Europe_%28version_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e_2013%29.svg/20px-Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%27Europe_%28version_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e_2013%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/4/49/Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%2527Europe_%2528version_r%25C3%25A9vis%25C3%25A9e_2013%2529.svg/30px-Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%2527Europe_%2528version_r%25C3%25A9vis%25C3%25A9e_2013%2529.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/4/49/Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%2527Europe_%2528version_r%25C3%25A9vis%25C3%25A9e_2013%2529.svg/40px-Logo_du_Conseil_de_l%2527Europe_%2528version_r%25C3%25A9vis%25C3%25A9e_2013%2529.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="410"></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conseil_de_l%27Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conseil de l'Europe">COE</a> : <time>1993</time><br><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Europe.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l’Union européenne"><img alt="Drapeau de l’Union européenne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/20px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540"></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">UE</a> : <time>2004</time> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:ESA_Logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/8/87/ESA_Logo.svg/20px-ESA_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/8/87/ESA_Logo.svg/30px-ESA_Logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/8/87/ESA_Logo.svg/40px-ESA_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="51"></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agence_spatiale_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agence spatiale européenne">ESA</a> : <time>2008</time><br><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_CPLP.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/20px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/30px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/40px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="701"></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_des_pays_de_langue_portugaise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communauté des pays de langue portugaise">CPLP</a> (observateur)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#e3e3e3;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DTch%25C3%25A9quie%26action%3Dedit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Pays?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></p> </div> <p>La <b>Tchéquie</b>, en forme longue la <b>République tchèque</b><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNIG_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CNIG-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">tchèque</a> : <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><i>Česko</i></span> <span class="API nowrap" title="Alphabet phonétique international" style="font-family:'Segoe UI','DejaVu Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial Unicode MS','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro',sans-serif;">/<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%CB%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ˈ"><span title="[ˈ] indique que la syllabe ou voyelle suivante porte l'accent tonique.">ˈ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_t%CD%A1%CA%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API t͡ʃ"><span title="[t͡ʃ] « tch » dans « Tchad ».">t͡ʃ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C9%9B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɛ"><span title="[ɛ] « è » dans « mère ».">ɛ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API s"><span title="[s] en français « s » dans « sa » ; ailleurs avec la langue un peu plus en arrière (tel le basque : « s » dans « euskara »).">s</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API k"><span title="[k] « c » dans « cabas ».">k</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C9%94?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɔ"><span title="[ɔ] « o » dans « sort ».">ɔ</span></a>/</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r216827669">.mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg")center left no-repeat;background-size:11px 11px;padding-left:15px;font-size:smaller}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg/11px-Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg.png")center left no-repeat}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg/11px-Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg.png")center left no-repeat}}</style><sup class="prononciation noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Cs-%C4%8Cesko.ogg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fichier:Cs-Česko.ogg">Écouter</a></sup> et <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><i>Česká republika</i></span> <span class="API nowrap" title="Alphabet phonétique international" style="font-family:'Segoe UI','DejaVu Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial Unicode MS','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro',sans-serif;">/<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%CB%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ˈ"><span title="[ˈ] indique que la syllabe ou voyelle suivante porte l'accent tonique.">ˈ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_t%CD%A1%CA%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API t͡ʃ"><span title="[t͡ʃ] « tch » dans « Tchad ».">t͡ʃ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C9%9B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɛ"><span title="[ɛ] « è » dans « mère ».">ɛ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API s"><span title="[s] en français « s » dans « sa » ; ailleurs avec la langue un peu plus en arrière (tel le basque : « s » dans « euskara »).">s</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API k"><span title="[k] « c » dans « cabas ».">k</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API a"><span title="[a] « a » dans « patte ».">a</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%CB%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ː"><span title="[ː] indique que le son précédent est allongé/géminé.">ː</span></a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%CB%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ˈ"><span title="[ˈ] indique que la syllabe ou voyelle suivante porte l'accent tonique.">ˈ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_r?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API r"><span title="[r] « r » roulé.">r</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C9%9B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɛ"><span title="[ɛ] « è » dans « mère ».">ɛ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_p?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API p"><span title="[p] « p » dans « papa ».">p</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_u?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API u"><span title="[u] « ou » dans « coup ».">u</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_b?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API b"><span title="[b] « b » dans « beau ».">b</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_l?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API l"><span title="[l] « l » dans « loup ».">l</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C9%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɪ">ɪ</a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API k"><span title="[k] « c » dans « cabas ».">k</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API a"><span title="[a] « a » dans « patte ».">a</span></a>/</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r216827669"><sup class="prononciation noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Cs-Ceska_Republika.oga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fichier:Cs-Ceska Republika.oga">Écouter</a></sup>), est un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_du_monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays du monde">pays</a> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europe_centrale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europe centrale">Europe centrale</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pays_sans_littoral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pays sans littoral">sans accès à la mer</a>, entouré par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pologne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pologne">Pologne</a> au nord-est, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a> au nord-ouest et à l'ouest, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche">Autriche</a> au sud et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaquie">Slovaquie</a> à l'est-sud-est.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Duch%C3%A9_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Duché de Bohême">duché de Bohême</a> est fondé au <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle comme partie de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grande-Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grande-Moravie">Grande-Moravie</a> et devient un État vassal de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francie_orientale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francie orientale">Francie orientale</a> en 895 puis un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tats_imp%C3%A9riaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="États impériaux">État impérial</a> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saint-Empire_romain_germanique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saint-Empire romain germanique">Saint-Empire romain germanique</a> en 1002. Au sein de ce dernier, le pays devient un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume de Bohême">royaume</a> en 1198. Au début de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_de_Trente_Ans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre de Trente Ans">guerre de Trente Ans</a>, la défaite de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9volte_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Révolte de Bohême">Révolte de Bohême</a> lors de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_la_Montagne-Blanche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bataille de la Montagne-Blanche">bataille de la Montagne-Blanche</a> aboutit à l'intégration du pays au sein de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarchie_de_Habsbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monarchie de Habsbourg">monarchie de Habsbourg</a> en 1620. Après la dissolution du Saint-Empire romain germanique, le pays fait partie de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_d%27Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire d'Autriche">empire d'Autriche</a> puis de son successeur, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche-Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche-Hongrie">Autriche-Hongrie</a>. Après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Première Guerre mondiale">Première Guerre mondiale</a>, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchécoslovaquie">Tchécoslovaquie</a> est établie en 1918 et a connu une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_R%C3%A9publique_(Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Première République (Tchécoslovaquie)">période de démocratie</a> pendant l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entre-deux-guerres?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entre-deux-guerres">entre-deux-guerres</a>. Après l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie_pendant_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de la Tchécoslovaquie pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale">occupation</a> par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne_nazie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Allemagne nazie">Allemagne nazie</a> de 1938 à 1945, un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coup_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coup de Prague">coup d'État</a> en 1948 a transformé le pays en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_socialiste_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République socialiste tchécoslovaque">république communiste</a> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bloc_de_l%27Est?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bloc de l'Est">bloc de l'Est</a> pendant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_froide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre froide">guerre froide</a>. En 1989, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_de_Velours?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Révolution de Velours">révolution de Velours</a> met fin au régime communiste et restaure la démocratie. La Tchéquie est indépendante depuis <time>1993</time> à l'issue de la scission de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_tch%C3%A8que_et_slovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République fédérale tchèque et slovaque">République fédérale tchèque et slovaque</a>, dernière forme de gouvernement de la Tchécoslovaquie établie après la chute du communisme<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le pays est membre de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_du_trait%C3%A9_de_l%27Atlantique_nord?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord">OTAN</a> depuis le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1999-03-12" data-sort-value="1999-03-12">12 mars 1999</time> et fait partie de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a> depuis le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-05-01" data-sort-value="2004-05-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> mai 2004</time>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Toponymie"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Toponymie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tch%C3%A9quie,_pays_tch%C3%A8ques_et_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Tchéquie, pays tchèques et République tchèque</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Boh%C3%AAme_et_Moravie"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Bohême et Moravie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bo%C3%AFens,_Boh%C3%AAme_et_%C2%AB_Boh%C3%A8me_%C2%BB"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Boïens, Bohême et « Bohème »</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Histoire"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Histoire</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politique"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Politique</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Relations_avec_l'Union_europ%C3%A9enne"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Relations avec l'Union européenne</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#G%C3%A9ographie"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Géographie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Un_petit_pays_enclav%C3%A9_au_c%C5%93ur_de_l'Europe"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Un petit pays enclavé au cœur de l'Europe</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Un_relief_peu_diversifi%C3%A9"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Un relief peu diversifié</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Un_r%C3%A9seau_hydrographique_riche"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Un réseau hydrographique riche</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Un_climat_continental_globalement_temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Un climat continental globalement tempéré</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pr%C3%A9servation_de_l'environnement"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Préservation de l'environnement</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9seau_europ%C3%A9en_Natura_2000"><span class="tocnumber">4.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Réseau européen Natura 2000</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Parcs_nationaux_de_Tch%C3%A9quie"><span class="tocnumber">4.5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Parcs nationaux de Tchéquie</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Subdivisions_administratives"><span class="tocnumber">4.6</span> <span class="toctext">Subdivisions administratives</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Villes"><span class="tocnumber">4.7</span> <span class="toctext">Villes</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#D%C3%A9mographie"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Démographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Langues"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Langues</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Religion"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Religion</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Catholicisme_en_Tch%C3%A9quie"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Catholicisme en Tchéquie</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89conomie"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Économie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Transports"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Transports</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Culture"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Culture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#F%C3%AAtes_et_jours_f%C3%A9ri%C3%A9s"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Fêtes et jours fériés</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Science"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Science</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89ducation"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Éducation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sport"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Sport</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">15.1</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">15.2</span> <span class="toctext">Références</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">16.1</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">16.2</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Toponymie">Toponymie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Toponymie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Les Tchèques sont des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slaves_occidentaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slaves occidentaux">Slaves occidentaux</a> arrivés au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/VIe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="VIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="6ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême">Bohême</a> (en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemand">allemand</a> <span class="lang-de" lang="de"><i>Böhmen</i></span>, nom hérité du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Celtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Celtes">peuple celte</a> des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bo%C3%AFens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boïens">Boïens</a>), contrée qui avait été peuplée de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcomans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcomans">Marcomans</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peuples_germaniques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Peuples germaniques">germaniques</a> lors des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invasions_barbares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Invasions barbares">invasions barbares</a>. Les Tchèques ont slavisé <span class="lang-de" lang="de"><i>Böhmen</i></span> en <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><i>Bohumin</i></span> mais utilisent pour nommer leur pays le toponyme <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><i>Čechy</i></span> (/tʃexi/). La dénomination courte en français est « Tchéquie », la dénomination officielle (protocolaire) est « République tchèque »<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le toponyme <i>Čechy</i> provient de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%8Cech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Čech">Čech</a> (/tʃex/), ancêtre éponyme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mythologie_slave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mythologie slave">mythique</a>. Au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moyen_%C3%82ge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moyen Âge">Moyen Âge</a>, les chroniques, tenues par des clercs écrivant en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latin">latin</a>, mentionnent le « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume de Bohême">royaume de Bohême</a> » (<i><span class="lang-la" lang="la">regnum Bohemiae</span></i>). Plus tard, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume de Bohême">royaume de Bohême</a> passe des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C5%99emyslides?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Přemyslides">Přemyslides</a> à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maison_de_Luxembourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maison de Luxembourg">maison de Luxembourg</a> qui occupa le trône impérial aux <abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> et <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles puis se fondit dans la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maison_de_Habsbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maison de Habsbourg">maison de Habsbourg</a> qui lui succéda. Avec la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sil%C3%A9sie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silésie">Silésie</a>, il est qualifié de « Pays de la couronne de Bohême » (<i><span class="lang-cs" lang="cs">Země Koruny české</span></i>).</p> <p>Pavel Stránský de Záp, écrivain tchèque du <abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, écrit, alors qu'il est en exil, le livre <i><span class="lang-la" lang="la">Respublica Bojema</span></i> (« À propos de l'État tchèque »). Il y donne un compte rendu général du royaume de Bohême avant 1620 : <span class="citation">« Le pays se trouve dans l'œuvre européenne du monde habité par ma nation »</span> (la nation tchèque) <span class="citation">« est généralement appelée »</span> (<i>Čechy</i> en tchèque ou <i>Bohemia</i> en latin) <span class="citation">« Bojemia, Bohemia, Boemia, également Czechia »</span> (Tchéquie). <span class="citation">« Selon les enseignements des géographes, ils commencent à l'ouest entre les <abbr class="abbr" title="Trente-quatrième">34<sup>e</sup></abbr> et <abbr class="abbr" title="Trente-cinquième">35<sup>e</sup></abbr> degrés de longitude et s'étendent un peu plus loin jusqu'au <abbr class="abbr" title="Trente-huitième">38<sup>e</sup></abbr> degré, de la limite sud entre les <abbr class="abbr" title="Quarante-huitième">48<sup>e</sup></abbr> et <abbr class="abbr" title="Quarante-neuvième">49<sup>e</sup></abbr> degrés, il s'étend jusqu'au <abbr class="abbr" title="Cinquante et unième">51<sup>e</sup></abbr> degré. »</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 14 juin 2020) ; voir l'aide.">[réf. nécessaire]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tchéquie,_pays_tchèques_et_République_tchèque"><span id="Tch.C3.A9quie.2C_pays_tch.C3.A8ques_et_R.C3.A9publique_tch.C3.A8que"></span>Tchéquie, pays tchèques et République tchèque</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tchéquie, pays tchèques et République tchèque" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nom_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nom de la Tchéquie">Nom de la Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <p>Quand, en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1918?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1918">1918</a>, les Slaves de l'Ouest s'émancipent de la tutelle <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche-Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche-Hongrie">austro-hongroise</a> (les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaques">Slovaques</a> ont passé mille ans sous la domination <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_de_Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume de Hongrie">hongroise</a> et les Tchèques près de quatre siècles sous celle de souverains allemands, notamment les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maison_de_Habsbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maison de Habsbourg">Habsbourg</a>), le nom du nouveau pays devient la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchécoslovaquie">Tchécoslovaquie</a> (<i>Československo</i>), agrégation de <i>Česko</i> (« Tchéquie ») et <i>Slovensko</i> (« Slovaquie ») dérivés des adjectifs <i>český</i> (« tchèque », voir « pays tchèques ») et <i>slovenský</i> (« slovaque », voir « Slovaquie ») avec le suffixe <i>-sko</i> qui sert, en tchèque et en slovaque, à former le nom d'un pays. Le terme <i>Česko</i> est ainsi un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C3%A9ologisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Néologisme">néologisme</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> traduit en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Français">français</a> par Tchéquie, à ne pas assimiler au toponyme <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><i>Čechy</i></span> qui désigne uniquement la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême">Bohême</a>.</p> <p>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Institut_de_la_langue_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Institut de la langue tchèque">Institut de la langue tchèque</a>, équivalent tchèque de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Académie française">Académie française</a>, n'a ni imposé ni réfuté le mot <i>Česko</i> : il lui consacre un long chapitre didactique et explicatif sur son site<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il est, en revanche, prôné par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Office_tch%C3%A8que_des_lev%C3%A9s,_de_la_cartographie_et_du_cadastre&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Office tchèque des levés, de la cartographie et du cadastre (page inexistante)">Office tchèque des levés, de la cartographie et du cadastre</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cesk%25C3%25BD_%25C3%25BA%25C5%2599ad_zem%25C4%259Bm%25C4%259B%25C5%2599ick%25C3%25BD_a_katastr%25C3%25A1ln%25C3%25AD" class="extiw" title="cs:Český úřad zeměměřický a katastrální"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en tchèque : « Český úřad zeměměřický a katastrální »">(cs)</span></a> (<span class="lang-cs" lang="cs"><i>Český úřad zeměměřický a katastrální</i></span>) en 1993 comme étant le « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toponymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toponymie">toponyme</a> correct » du pays. Le ministère des Affaires étrangères lui emboîte alors le pas et recommande ce nom, dûment adapté à chaque langue, sur son site. La commission de toponymie de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_des_Nations_unies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation des Nations unies">ONU</a> recommande, pour le français, l'usage du terme <i>République tchèque</i>, tout en reconnaissant l'existence de cette forme courte<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-14" data-sort-value="2016-04-14">14 avril 2016</time> les plus hauts dirigeants du pays prennent la décision d'adopter officiellement la forme courte Tchéquie — en plus de la forme longue République tchèque —, et ce malgré les divergences persistantes à ce sujet<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ils estiment que cette dénomination sera plus pratique pour l'identification du pays à l'étranger. Le changement de nom sera enregistré auprès de l'ONU<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07-05" data-sort-value="2016-07-05">5 juillet 2016</time> l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_des_Nations_unies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation des Nations unies">Organisation des Nations unies</a> enregistre le nom court Tchéquie dans les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Directives_toponymiques_du_GENUNG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Directives toponymiques du GENUNG">Directives toponymiques du GENUNG</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bohême_et_Moravie"><span id="Boh.C3.AAme_et_Moravie"></span>Bohême et Moravie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Bohême et Moravie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le mot « Tchèque » (<i>český</i>) est ambigu, car il peut désigner soit une appartenance <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ethnie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ethnie">ethnique</a> (<i>Češi</i>) à l'ensemble des locuteurs de la langue <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">tchèque</a> (<i>čeština</i>), soit une appartenance juridique à l'ensemble des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Citoyennet%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Citoyenneté">citoyens</a> de la République tchèque (<i>čeští občané</i>), soit une appartenance <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Géographie">géographique</a> (<i>Čech</i>) au pays historique de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême">Bohême</a> (<i>Čechy</i>) et elle seule, ce qui en exclut les « Moraves » (<i>Moravané</i>, <i>moravský</i>), habitants du pays historique de « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moravie">Moravie</a> » (<i>Morava</i>). La Constitution de la République tchèque de 1993 parle de l'État des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pays_tch%C3%A8ques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pays tchèques">Pays tchèques</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Selon la constitution le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Territoire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Territoire">territoire</a> de la République tchèque est défini comme celui de la « communauté territoriale des citoyens » (<i>územní společenství občanů</i>).</p> <p>Le mot « Tchéquie » (<i>Česko</i>) est lui aussi, par conséquent, ambigu<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> tant sur le plan cartographique<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> que linguistique<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, désignant tantôt la Bohême seule (par traduction du tchèque <i>Čechy</i>), tantôt la République (désignée par l'adjectif <i>česka</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>28<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>29<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>30<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>31<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>33<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. C'est pour éviter ces confusions, peu appréciées des Moraves, que les autorités tchèques insistaient pour que dans toutes les langues leur État soit désigné par le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syntagme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syntagme">syntagme</a> officiel « République tchèque » (<i>Česká republika </i>)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>34<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Depuis 2016, les autorités tchèques ont commencé à utiliser la forme courte dans toutes les langues<sup id="cite_ref-rp_36-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-rp-36"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>35<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-monde_37-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-monde-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>36<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Boïens,_Bohême_et_«_Bohème_»"><span id="Bo.C3.AFens.2C_Boh.C3.AAme_et_.C2.AB_Boh.C3.A8me_.C2.BB"></span>Boïens, Bohême et « Bohème »</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Boïens, Bohême et « Bohème »" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le nom « Bohême » vient de la tribu <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Celtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Celtes">celte</a> qui résidait dans cette région au <abbr class="abbr" title="3ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">III</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr> : les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bo%C3%AFens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boïens">Boïens</a>. Ceux-ci furent chassés de cette région ou absorbés d'abord par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germains?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germains">Germains</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcomans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcomans">Marcomans</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quades?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quades">Quades</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ruges?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruges">Ruges</a>), ensuite par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slaves?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slaves">Slaves</a> qui venaient du bassin de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dniepr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dniepr">Dniepr</a> au <span class="nowrap"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/VIe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="VIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="6ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="après Jésus-Christ">apr. J.-C.</abbr></a></span> Au <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, lorsque des Français demandèrent à des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roms">Roms</a> qui avaient quitté la Bohême pour venir en Europe occidentale, d'où ils venaient, ils répondirent « de Bohême », et c'est ainsi qu'on appela ces artisans nomades « Bohémiens ». Leur liberté d'aller et venir au gré des travaux qu'on leur confiait ou des spectacles qu'ils donnaient a été qualifiée de « vie de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%A8me?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohème">bohème</a> » (avec un accent grave) que l'on retrouve dans le titre de l'opéra <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Boh%C3%A8me?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Bohème">La Bohème</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giacomo Puccini">Giacomo Puccini</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de la Tchéquie">Histoire de la Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CrownBohemia1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/CrownBohemia1.jpg/220px-CrownBohemia1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1518" data-file-height="1138"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/CrownBohemia1.jpg/220px-CrownBohemia1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/CrownBohemia1.jpg/330px-CrownBohemia1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/CrownBohemia1.jpg/440px-CrownBohemia1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Couronne_de_saint_Venceslas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Couronne de saint Venceslas">couronne de saint Venceslas</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg/170px-Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="337" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 337px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg/170px-Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="337" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg/255px-Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg/340px-Wenceslaus_I_Duke_of_Bohemia_equestrian_statue_in_Prague_1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statue_%C3%A9questre_de_saint_Venceslas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Statue équestre de saint Venceslas">Statue équestre de Venceslas <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Duc_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Duc de Bohême">duc de Bohême</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venceslas_Ier_de_Boh%C3%AAme_(duc)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Venceslas Ier de Bohême (duc)">saint Venceslas</a>), l'un des fondateurs de l'État tchèque, à Prague. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg/220px-Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4282" data-file-height="2821"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 145px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg/220px-Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="145" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg/330px-Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg/440px-Karlstejn_od_jv_2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Le château de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl%C5%A1tejn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karlštejn">Karlštejn</a> près de Prague. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La Tchéquie est formée par les anciennes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_provinces_historiques_d%27Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des provinces historiques d'Europe">provinces historiques européennes</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume de Bohême">Bohême</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margraviat_de_Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margraviat de Moravie">Moravie</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sil%C3%A9sie_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silésie tchèque">Silésie méridionale</a>, qui constituaient la <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Couronne_de_Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Couronne de Bohême">Couronne</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venceslas_Ier_de_Boh%C3%AAme_(duc)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Venceslas Ier de Bohême (duc)">Saint Venceslas</a></i> au sein du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saint-Empire_romain_germanique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saint-Empire romain germanique">Saint-Empire romain germanique</a>, puis de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_d%27Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire d'Autriche">Empire d'Autriche</a> devenu l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche-Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche-Hongrie">Autriche-Hongrie</a>.</p> <p>Après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chronologie_de_l%27Autriche-Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chronologie de l'Autriche-Hongrie">dislocation de l'Autriche-Hongrie</a> à la fin de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Première Guerre mondiale">Première Guerre mondiale</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8ques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèques">Tchèques</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaques">Slovaques</a> et les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ruth%C3%A9nie_subcarpathique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruthénie subcarpathique">Ruthènes subcarpatiques</a>, qui <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Origines_de_la_Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Origines de la Tchécoslovaquie">aspiraient depuis longtemps</a> à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austroslavisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austroslavisme">autonomie</a>, forment la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_r%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Première république tchécoslovaque">Tchécoslovaquie</a> dont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Masaryk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tomáš Masaryk">Tomáš Masaryk</a> (1850–1937) est le premier président. En 1935, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edvard_Bene%C5%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edvard Beneš">Edvard Beneš</a> (1888–1948) lui succède. Le régime politique de l'entre-deux guerres est une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_parlementaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Démocratie parlementaire">démocratie parlementaire</a> instituée par la Constitution de 1920. Sur le plan économique, le pays connaît une forte prospérité : la Tchécoslovaquie fait partie des dix premières puissances industrielles de l'époque. Cette première Tchécoslovaquie est très diminuée en 1938 par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Accords_de_Munich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Accords de Munich">accords de Munich</a>, lorsque l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne_nazie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Allemagne nazie">Allemagne nazie</a> annexe la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_des_Sud%C3%A8tes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région des Sudètes">région des Sudètes</a>. Elle disparaît en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1939-03" data-sort-value="1939-03">mars 1939</time> quand l'Allemagne annexe la Bohême et la Moravie, créant un « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protectorat_de_Boh%C3%AAme-Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protectorat de Bohême-Moravie">protectorat de Bohême-Moravie</a> » sous administration militaire, tandis que la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_slovaque_(1939-1945)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République slovaque (1939-1945)">République slovaque (1939-1945)</a> proclame son indépendance, mais devient un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tat_fantoche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="État fantoche">état fantoche</a> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Troisi%C3%A8me_Reich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Troisième Reich">Troisième Reich</a>.</p> <p>Néanmoins, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9sistance_dans_l%27Europe_occup%C3%A9e_par_les_nazis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Résistance dans l'Europe occupée par les nazis">résistance</a> se met en place tant à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edvard_Bene%C5%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edvard Beneš">Edvard Beneš</a> organise <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gouvernement_provisoire_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gouvernement provisoire tchécoslovaque">un gouvernement en exil</a> réfugié à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Londres?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londres">Londres</a> qui combat aux côtés des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alli%C3%A9s_de_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alliés de la Seconde Guerre mondiale">Alliés</a>. En 1942, des résistants assassinent <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich</a>, gouverneur de la Bohème-Moravie. En représailles, l'occupant nazi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lidice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lidice">extermine le village de Lidice</a>. En 1945, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_rouge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armée rouge">troupes soviétiques</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Offensive_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Offensive Prague">entrent dans Prague</a> tandis que les Américains s'avancent jusqu'à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pilsen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pilsen">Pilsen</a>.</p> <p>Reconstituée en 1945, la Tchécoslovaquie doit céder à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques">URSS</a> la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ruth%C3%A9nie_subcarpathique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruthénie subcarpathique">Ruthénie subcarpathique</a>. En 1946, des élections sous pression soviétique donnent aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_communiste_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti communiste tchécoslovaque">communistes</a> la majorité des voix : leur chef <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klement_Gottwald?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klement Gottwald">Klement Gottwald</a> devient président du Conseil. En 1947, il refuse le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plan_Marshall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plan Marshall">plan Marshall</a>, et en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1948-02" data-sort-value="1948-02">février 1948</time>, il prend le pouvoir lors du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coup_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coup de Prague">coup de Prague</a>, faisant de la Tchécoslovaquie un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bloc_de_l%27Est?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bloc de l'Est">satellite de l'URSS</a> pendant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_froide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre froide">guerre froide</a>. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_communiste_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti communiste tchécoslovaque">Parti communiste</a> devient <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_unique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti unique">parti unique</a>. Les années 1950 sont celles des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proc%C3%A8s_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Procès de Prague">procès staliniens</a> qui atteignent même les hauts dignitaires du Parti, comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rudolf_Sl%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rudolf Slánský">Rudolf Slánský</a>, secrétaire général depuis 1945. L'un des protagonistes, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Artur_London?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Artur London">Artur London</a>, relate ces procès dans son ouvrage <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Aveu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Aveu">L'Aveu</a></i>. Sur le plan économique, le nouveau régime nationalise tout le secteur privé et met en place une économie de type soviétique avec des plans quinquennaux. La Tchécoslovaquie adhère au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conseil_d%27assistance_%C3%A9conomique_mutuelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conseil d'assistance économique mutuelle">Conseil d'assistance économique mutuelle</a> (<i>Comecon</i>) dès 1949. En 1955, elle adhère au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pacte_de_Varsovie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pacte de Varsovie">Pacte de Varsovie</a>.</p> <p>En 1968, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexander Dubček">Alexander Dubček</a> lance un programme de réformes destiné à démocratiser le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tat_communiste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="État communiste">régime</a> et appelé « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Printemps_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Printemps de Prague">Printemps de Prague</a> ». Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nomenklatura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nomenklatura">oligarques communistes</a> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bloc_de_l%27Est?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bloc de l'Est">bloc de l'Est</a> n'ont pas l'intention de laisser naître ce « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Socialisme_%C3%A0_visage_humain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Socialisme à visage humain">socialisme à visage humain</a> » et ils envahissent la Tchécoslovaquie en août de la même année pour y imposer par les armes la « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Normalisation_en_Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Normalisation en Tchécoslovaquie">normalisation</a> » c'est-à-dire le retour à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dictature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dictature">dictature</a> du Parti unique ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gust%C3%A1v_Hus%C3%A1k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gustáv Husák">Gustáv Husák</a> remplace Dubček à la tête du Parti en 1969 et devient président de la République en 1975. En 1977, un groupe de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dissidence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dissidence">dissidents</a> crée la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charte_77?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charte 77">Charte 77</a> en appelant le gouvernement à respecter les engagements pris sur les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Droits_de_l%27Homme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Droits de l'Homme">droits de l'Homme</a> à Helsinki en 1975, lors de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conf%C3%A9rence_sur_la_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9_et_la_coop%C3%A9ration_en_Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conférence sur la sécurité et la coopération en Europe">Conférence sur la sécurité et la coopération en Europe</a>. L'arrivée de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbatchev?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mikhaïl Gorbatchev">Mikhaïl Gorbatchev</a> au pouvoir en URSS permet de nouveaux espoirs de démocratisation et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1989-11-17" data-sort-value="1989-11-17">17 novembre 1989</time>, à l'occasion du cinquantième anniversaire de la répression de 1949, débute la « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_de_Velours?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Révolution de Velours">révolution de Velours</a> », qui, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="12-30" data-sort-value="12-30">30 décembre</time> porte le dissident tchèque <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a> à la présidence de la République tchécoslovaque.</p> <p>Les premières élections libres sont organisées en 1990 avec une participation de 96 %. En juillet 1990, Václav Havel est réélu président de la République, renouant avec la tradition démocratique de l'entre-deux guerres.</p> <p>Après un épisode <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tat_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="État fédéral">fédéral</a> (la « Tchéco-Slovaquie » ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_tch%C3%A8que_et_slovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République fédérale tchèque et slovaque">République fédérale tchèque et slovaque</a>), la Tchécoslovaquie disparaît le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-01-01" data-sort-value="1993-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 1993</time>, d'un commun accord entre les autorités tchèques et slovaques, issues des élections de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1992-06" data-sort-value="1992-06">juin 1992</time> (d'où le nom de « partition de velours »), laissant place à la République tchèque (Tchéquie, pays tchèques) et à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaquie">République slovaque</a> (Slovaquie).</p> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-02" data-sort-value="1993-02">février 1993</time>, Václav Havel devient le premier président de la nouvelle République tchèque, réélu pour un deuxième mandat de cinq ans au terme de la Constitution de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1992-12" data-sort-value="1992-12">décembre 1992</time>. En 2003, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Klaus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Klaus">Václav Klaus</a> (qui a été Premier ministre entre 1992 et 1996) est élu à la présidence de la République (réélu en 2008).</p> <p>Le président de la République, Václav Klaus, nomme comme Premier ministre <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanislav_Gross?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanislav Gross">Stanislav Gross</a>, en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-08" data-sort-value="2004-08">août 2004</time>. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-04-25" data-sort-value="2005-04-25">25 avril 2005</time>, celui-ci remet au président Klaus sa démission à la suite d'un scandale patent sur l'origine douteuse de sa fortune personnelle. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Paroubek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Paroubek">Jiří Paroubek</a>, ministre du développement régional dans le gouvernement de <abbr class="abbr" title="Monsieur">M.</abbr> Gross, le remplace alors.</p> <p>Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_tch%C3%A8ques_de_2006?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections législatives tchèques de 2006">élections législatives du 4 juin 2006</a> débouchent sur un « pacte électoral » : la gauche et la droite, y compris les Verts, disposent chacune de <span class="nowrap">100 députés</span> et aucun des deux blocs n'a la majorité. Après six mois de laborieuses tractations, Mirek Topolánek, leader de la droite, reçoit enfin l'investiture du Parlement tchèque le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-01-19" data-sort-value="2007-01-19">19 janvier 2007</time>, grâce à l'absence volontaire de deux députés socialistes. Les observateurs estiment que ce gouvernement de coalition réunissant le Parti démocratique civique, l'Union chrétienne-démocrate - Parti populaire tchécoslovaque et le Parti vert (parti écologiste) disposera d'une majorité trop fragile pour conduire son programme de réformes.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Politique">Politique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Politique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politique_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Politique en Tchéquie">Politique en Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg/220px-Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2848"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg/220px-Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg/330px-Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg/440px-Valdstejnsky_Palace_garden_autumn.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Siège du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat (Tchéquie)">Sénat</a> de la République tchèque. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitution_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constitution de la Tchéquie">Constitution de la Tchéquie</a> a été adoptée en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1992-12" data-sort-value="1992-12">décembre 1992</time> et amendée à plusieurs reprises. La Tchéquie est une république parlementaire, démocratique et pluraliste. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pr%C3%A9sidents_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des présidents de la République tchèque">président</a> est élu pour cinq ans par un vote populaire ; son rôle est essentiellement honorifique. Il nomme le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pr%C3%A9sidents_du_gouvernement_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des présidents du gouvernement tchèque">président du gouvernement</a>, qui exerce le pouvoir exécutif. Le président du gouvernement dirige l'action du gouvernement ; celui-ci est responsable politiquement devant la Chambre des députés qui peut le renverser par le vote d'une motion de censure.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlement_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parlement de la Tchéquie">Parlement</a> est constitué de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre des députés (Tchéquie)">Chambre des députés</a> (<i>en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">tchèque</a> : <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs">Poslanecká sněmovna</span></i>), composée de <span class="nowrap">200 membres</span> élus pour quatre ans, et du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat (Tchéquie)">Sénat</a> (<i>en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchèque">tchèque</a> : <span class="lang-cs" lang="cs">Senát</span></i>) dont les <span class="nowrap">81 membres</span> sont élus pour six ans et renouvelés par tiers tous les deux ans.</p> <p>La Cour constitutionnelle contrôle la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Contr%C3%B4le_de_constitutionnalit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Contrôle de constitutionnalité">constitutionnalité</a> des lois. Elle peut être saisie par tout justiciable lors d'un procès, s'il estime qu'une loi n'est pas conforme à la Constitution.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Relations_avec_l'Union_européenne"><span id="Relations_avec_l.27Union_europ.C3.A9enne"></span>Relations avec l'Union européenne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Relations avec l'Union européenne" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proc%C3%A9dure_d%27adh%C3%A9sion_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie_%C3%A0_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Procédure d'adhésion de la Tchéquie à l'Union européenne">Procédure d'adhésion de la Tchéquie à l'Union européenne</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_(081).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/220px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="521" data-file-height="310"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 131px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/220px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="131" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/330px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/440px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> La Tchéquie a signé le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_de_Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Traité de Lisbonne">traité de Lisbonne</a> en 2007. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-10-04" data-sort-value="1993-10-04">4 octobre 1993</time>, la République tchèque et l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a> signent un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Accord_d%27association?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Accord d'association">Accord d'association</a> qui entre en vigueur le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1996-02-01" data-sort-value="1996-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 1996</time>. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1998-03-31" data-sort-value="1998-03-31">31 mars 1998</time>, les négociations d'adhésion commencent et aboutissent, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-04-14" data-sort-value="2003-04-14">14 avril 2003</time> à l'approbation par le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conseil_europ%C3%A9en?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conseil européen">Conseil européen</a> de l'adhésion<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En conséquence de cette décision, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-04-16" data-sort-value="2003-04-16">16 avril 2003</time>, a lieu la signature du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_d%27Ath%C3%A8nes_(2003)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Traité d'Athènes (2003)">traité d'adhésion</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>38<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rendum_tch%C3%A8que_sur_l%27adh%C3%A9sion_%C3%A0_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Référendum tchèque sur l'adhésion à l'Union européenne">référendum</a> en date du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-06-14" data-sort-value="2003-06-14">14 juin 2003</time>, 77,3 % des Tchèques votants (avec une participation de 55,21 % des inscrits)<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>39<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> approuvent l'adhésion et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-05-01" data-sort-value="2004-05-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> mai 2004</time>, la République tchèque devient membre de l'Union européenne.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-12-21" data-sort-value="2007-12-21">21 décembre 2007</time>, la République tchèque intègre l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espace_Schengen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espace Schengen">espace Schengen</a>.</p> <p>Du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-01-01" data-sort-value="2009-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2009</time> au <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-06-30" data-sort-value="2009-06-30">30 juin 2009</time>, la République tchèque assure pour la première fois la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sidence_du_Conseil_de_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Présidence du Conseil de l'Union européenne">présidence du Conseil de l'Union européenne</a>. Son président, eurosceptique, n'œuvre pas à une présidence active ; <span class="need_ref" title="Une source est souhaitée pour ce passage." style="cursor:help;">une crise politique majeure s'ouvre au sein du gouvernement tchèque</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr> souhaitée]</a></sup> lors de cette présidence. Bien que la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre des députés (Tchéquie)">Chambre des députés</a> ait donné son accord à la ratification du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_de_Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Traité de Lisbonne">traité de Lisbonne</a> le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-02-18" data-sort-value="2009-02-18">18 février 2009</time> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat (Tchéquie)">Sénat</a> le sien le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-05-06" data-sort-value="2009-05-06">6 mai 2009</time>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Klaus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Klaus">Václav Klaus</a> multiplie les manœuvres pour en retarder la signature dans l'espoir que l'élection prochaine au Royaume-Uni d'une personnalité conservatrice partageant ses vues permettra l'abandon du traité. À l'automne 2009, un groupe de sénateurs eurosceptiques demande à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cour_constitutionnelle_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cour constitutionnelle de la République tchèque">Cour constitutionnelle</a> d'examiner la compatibilité du traité de Lisbonne avec l'ordre constitutionnel national. Finalement, cette dernière rend son verdict et rejette le recours le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-11-03" data-sort-value="2009-11-03">3 novembre 2009</time>. Le jour même, le président Václav Klaus appose sa signature au bas du texte européen, non sans avoir exprimé une nouvelle fois sa réticence, notamment en ce qui concerne la perte de souveraineté du pays.</p> <p>L'économiste et fondateur du Parti des citoyens libres, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petr_Mach_(homme_politique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petr Mach (homme politique)">Petr Mach</a>, proche du président Klaus, incarne l'opposition virulente d'une partie de la société tchèque à l'égard de l'Union européenne. À propos du traité de Lisbonne et de l'euro, il a notamment déclaré :</p> <blockquote> <p>« Nous défendons la souveraineté de la République tchèque et de ce fait nous refusons le traité de Lisbonne. En ce qui concerne l'introduction de l'euro, nous voulons attendre le moment réellement favorable pour la majorité des citoyens tchèques. À cette fin, nous imposerons un référendum. »</p> </blockquote> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-04" data-sort-value="2013-04">avril 2013</time>, selon un sondage réalisé par le Centre d'étude de l'opinion publique (CVVM), 75 % des sondés se prononcent contre l'adhésion à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_euro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone euro">zone euro</a> (contre 23 % en 2001). Seulement 18 % expriment un avis positif.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Géographie"><span id="G.C3.A9ographie"></span>Géographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Géographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CZ-mapa.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/CZ-mapa.png/220px-CZ-mapa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="237" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 237px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/CZ-mapa.png/220px-CZ-mapa.png" data-width="220" data-height="237" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/CZ-mapa.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Carte de la Tchéquie. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Géographie de la Tchéquie">Géographie de la Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Un_petit_pays_enclavé_au_cœur_de_l'Europe"><span id="Un_petit_pays_enclav.C3.A9_au_c.C5.93ur_de_l.27Europe"></span>Un petit pays enclavé au cœur de l'Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Un petit pays enclavé au cœur de l'Europe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Quatre pays seulement bordent la Tchéquie dont les frontières sont de longueurs inégales d'un État à un autre. La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pologne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pologne">Pologne</a> la délimite au nord-est, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a> est limitrophe à l'ouest et au nord-ouest tandis que l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche">Autriche</a> partage sa frontière au sud et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaquie">Slovaquie</a> à l'est-sud-est.</p> <p>La Tchéquie fait partie des quelques pays de l'Europe centrale qui ont la particularité géographique de n'avoir aucun rivage maritime à l'instar de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suisse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suisse">Suisse</a>, du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liechtenstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>, de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche">Autriche</a>, de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaquie">Slovaquie</a>, du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luxembourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> et de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Un_relief_peu_diversifié"><span id="Un_relief_peu_diversifi.C3.A9"></span>Un relief peu diversifié</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Un relief peu diversifié" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg/220px-Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2159" data-file-height="1176"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg/220px-Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg/330px-Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg/440px-Satellite_image_of_Czech_Republic_in_September_2003.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Image satellite de la Tchéquie. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le paysage tchèque est peu varié mais montagneux en général.</p> <ul> <li>La partie occidentale du pays qui est représentée par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême">Bohême</a> consiste en un bassin, parcouru par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elbe_(fleuve)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elbe (fleuve)">Elbe</a> (<i>Labe</i> en tchèque) et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moldau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moldau">Vltava</a> (<i>Moldau</i> en allemand), entouré principalement par des basses montagnes comme les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sud%C3%A8tes_(montagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sudètes (montagne)">Sudètes</a> incluant les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monts_des_G%C3%A9ants?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monts des Géants">monts des Géants</a>, où se trouve aussi le point culminant du pays, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sniejka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sniejka">Sniejka</a> avec 1 603 mètres d'altitude.</li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moravie">Moravie</a>, dans l'Est, est plus montagneuse et est arrosée par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morava_(Moravie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morava (Moravie)">Morava</a>, elle abrite la source de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oder">Odra</a> (<i>Oder</i> en allemand).</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Un_réseau_hydrographique_riche"><span id="Un_r.C3.A9seau_hydrographique_riche"></span>Un réseau hydrographique riche</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Un réseau hydrographique riche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Les eaux de la Tchéquie s'écoulent vers trois mers différentes : la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mer_du_Nord?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mer du Nord">mer du Nord</a> par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moldau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moldau">Vltava</a>, affluent de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elbe_(fleuve)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elbe (fleuve)">Elbe</a> qui prend sa source en Tchéquie dans les monts des Géants, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mer_Baltique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mer Baltique">Baltique</a> par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oder">Oder</a>, et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mer_Noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mer Noire">mer Noire</a> par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morava_(Moravie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morava (Moravie)">Morava</a>, affluent du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Danube?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Danube">Danube</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Un_climat_continental_globalement_tempéré"><span id="Un_climat_continental_globalement_temp.C3.A9r.C3.A9"></span>Un climat continental globalement tempéré</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Un climat continental globalement tempéré" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat">climat</a> local est <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat tempéré">tempéré</a>, avec des étés chauds et des hivers froids, nuageux et humides, ce qui est un exemple d'influences continentale et océanique conjuguées.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Préservation_de_l'environnement"><span id="Pr.C3.A9servation_de_l.27environnement"></span>Préservation de l'environnement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Préservation de l'environnement" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Réseau_européen_Natura_2000"><span id="R.C3.A9seau_europ.C3.A9en_Natura_2000"></span>Réseau européen Natura 2000</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Réseau européen Natura 2000" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_Natura_2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Réseau Natura 2000">réseau Natura 2000</a> rassemble des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Habitat_(%C3%A9cologie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Habitat (écologie)">sites naturels</a> ou semi-naturels de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a> ayant une grande valeur patrimoniale, par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Faune_(biologie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Faune (biologie)">faune</a> et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flore">flore</a> exceptionnelles qu'ils contiennent.</p> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-12" data-sort-value="2018-12">décembre 2018</time>, la Tchéquie comptait 1153 sites dont :</p> <ul> <li>41 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_de_protection_sp%C3%A9ciale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone de protection spéciale">zones de protection spéciale (ZPS) pour les oiseaux</a> sur une superficie de 7 035 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>.</li> <li>1112 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_sp%C3%A9ciale_de_conservation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone spéciale de conservation">zones spéciales de conservation (ZSC)</a> (dont les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Site_d%27importance_communautaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Site d'importance communautaire">pSIC, SIC</a>) pour les habitats et les espèces sur une superficie de 7 951 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>.</li> <li>La superficie totale est de 11 148 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>, ce qui représente 14,1 % de la surface terrestre du territoire de la Tchéquie<sup id="cite_ref-:4_41-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:4-41"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>40<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>41<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Parcs_nationaux_de_Tchéquie"><span id="Parcs_nationaux_de_Tch.C3.A9quie"></span>Parcs nationaux de Tchéquie</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Parcs nationaux de Tchéquie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_national_de_Krkono%C5%A1e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc national de Krkonoše">Krkonoše</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_national_de_Podyj%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc national de Podyjí">Podyjí</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_national_de_la_Suisse_boh%C3%A9mienne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parc national de la Suisse bohémienne">Suisse bohémienne</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_national_de_%C5%A0umava?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc national de Šumava">Šumava</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Subdivisions_administratives">Subdivisions administratives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Subdivisions administratives" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régions de la Tchéquie">Régions de la Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif/220px-CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="805" data-file-height="468"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif/220px-CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif" data-width="220" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif/330px-CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif/440px-CZ_Cechy_Morava_kraje.gif 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> La Tchéquie formée de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême">Bohême</a> (vert), de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moravie">Moravie</a> (bleu) et de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sil%C3%A9sie_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Silésie tchèque">Silésie tchèque</a> (orange). </figcaption> </figure> <p>La Tchéquie est divisée en quatorze zones administratives appelées régions (<i>kraje</i>, au singulier <i>kraj</i>) et 6 254 <abbr class="abbr" title="communes"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commune_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commune (Tchéquie)">communes</a></abbr> (<i>obce</i>, au singulier <i>obec</i>). <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Prague</a>, la capitale du pays, a également le statut de région à part entière, elle est située au milieu de la plus grande région, celle de la Bohême centrale.</p> <p>Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Districts_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Districts de la Tchéquie">districts</a> (pl. okresy, sing. okres) ont été officiellement supprimés en tant que collectivités territoriales le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-01-01" data-sort-value="2003-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2003</time>, dans le cadre de la seconde phase de réforme territoriale. Les compétences des districts ont été transférées partiellement aux régions et partiellement aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commune_(Tch%C3%A9quie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commune (Tchéquie)">municipalités</a> à compétence étendue. Toutefois, les districts subsistent comme unité territoriale de base pour les tribunaux, les services déconcentrés de l'État, les unités organisationnelles de la police de la Tchéquie, éventuellement d'autres institutions publiques. Ils sont également utilisés en tant qu'unité statistique. Les districts ont également été utilisés jusqu'au <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-01-01" data-sort-value="2008-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2008</time> comme unité statistique européenne de niveau NUTS4, niveau supprimé depuis pour la Tchéquie.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CZ-cleneni.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Carte de Tchéquie"> <noscript> <img alt="Carte de Tchéquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CZ-cleneni.svg/430px-CZ-cleneni.svg.png" decoding="async" width="430" height="247" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3433" data-file-height="1973"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 430px;height: 247px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CZ-cleneni.svg/430px-CZ-cleneni.svg.png" data-alt="Carte de Tchéquie" data-width="430" data-height="247" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CZ-cleneni.svg/645px-CZ-cleneni.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/CZ-cleneni.svg/860px-CZ-cleneni.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Carte de Tchéquie </figcaption> </figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody> <tr> <th width="25" scope="col"></th> <th scope="col">Région</th> <th scope="col">Capitale</th> </tr> <tr> <td><b>A</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Prague.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/22px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/22px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/33px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_Prague.svg/44px-Flag_of_Prague.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Prague</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Praha (Prague)</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>S</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Central_Bohemian_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme-Centrale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême-Centrale">Bohême-Centrale</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Praha (Prague)</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>C</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Bohemian_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C3%AAme-du-Sud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohême-du-Sud">Bohême-du-Sud</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_Bud%C4%9Bjovice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="České Budějovice">České Budějovice</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>P</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Plzen_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Plze%C5%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Plzeň">Région de Plzeň</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pilsen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pilsen">Plzeň (Pilsen)</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>K</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="378"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Karlovy_Vary_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Karlovy_Vary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Karlovy Vary">Région de Karlovy Vary</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karlovy_Vary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karlovy Vary">Karlovy Vary</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>U</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Usti_nad_Labem_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_d%27%C3%9Ast%C3%AD_nad_Labem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région d'Ústí nad Labem">Région d'Ústí nad Labem</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%9Ast%C3%AD_nad_Labem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ústí nad Labem">Ústí nad Labem</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>L</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Liberec_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Liberec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Liberec">Région de Liberec</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liberec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liberec">Liberec</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>H</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hradec_Kralove_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Hradec_Kr%C3%A1lov%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Hradec Králové">Région de Hradec Králové</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hradec_Kr%C3%A1lov%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hradec Králové">Hradec Králové</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>E</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pardubice_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Pardubice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Pardubice">Région de Pardubice</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pardubice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pardubice">Pardubice</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>M</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Olomouc_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_d%27Olomouc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région d'Olomouc">Région d'Olomouc</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Olomouc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Olomouc">Olomouc</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>T</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Moravian-Silesian_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Moravie-Sil%C3%A9sie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Moravie-Silésie">Moravie-Silésie</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ostrava?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ostrava">Ostrava</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>B</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Moravian_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravie-du-Sud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moravie-du-Sud">Moravie-du-Sud</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brno">Brno</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Z</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Zlin_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Zl%C3%ADn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Zlín">Région de Zlín</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zl%C3%ADn_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zlín (ville)">Zlín</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>J</b></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="1860"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg.png" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_Vysocina_Region.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_Vyso%C4%8Dina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Région de Vysočina">Vysočina</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jihlava?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jihlava">Jihlava</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Villes">Villes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Villes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_villes_de_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des villes de Tchéquie">Liste des villes de Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Démographie"><span id="D.C3.A9mographie"></span>Démographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Démographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9mographie_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Démographie de la Tchéquie">Démographie de la Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG/220px-PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="782" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 144px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG/220px-PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="144" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG/330px-PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG/440px-PopR%C3%A9pTch%C3%A8que1960-2014.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Évolution de la population totale au <time class="nowrap" datetime="01-01" data-sort-value="01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier</time> entre 1960 et 2014 (en millions, données <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eurostat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a>). </figcaption> </figure> <p>La population totale du territoire qui est aujourd'hui la Tchéquie a peu varié du début du vingtième siècle (<span class="nowrap">9,3 millions</span>) à 1939 (<span class="nowrap">11,2 millions</span>). Après la perte d'environ trois millions d'habitants pendant et juste après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale (<span class="nowrap">8,8 millions</span> en 1947), la croissance démographique a repris, mais de plus en plus faible puis quasi nulle. Avec la fin du régime communiste, la population baissait légèrement de <span class="nowrap">10,36 millions</span> en 1990 à <span class="nowrap">10,19 millions</span> en 2003, avant de reprendre modérément (<span class="nowrap">10,65 millions</span> au <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-01-01" data-sort-value="2019-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2019</time>). Le solde migratoire reste positif, en particulier grâce à l'immigration venant de pays de l'ex-URSS.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Langues">Langues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Langues" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Langues_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Langues en Tchéquie">Langues en Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Religion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Religion_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Religion en Tchéquie">Religion en Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <p><span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help;">La Tchéquie est l'un des pays les moins religieux du monde</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup>. Lors du recensement de 2011, 34 % de la population déclaraient ne pas avoir de religion et 45 % ne répondaient pas à la question sur l'affiliation religieuse. On dénombrait également 10 % de catholiques et 1 % de protestants<sup id="cite_ref-Czech_Statistical_Office_43-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Czech_Statistical_Office-43"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>42<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>La Bohême et la Moravie ont été marquées par la confrontation entre l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89glise_catholique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Église catholique">Église catholique</a> et les tenants de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9forme_protestante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Réforme protestante">Réforme protestante</a>. Or, depuis au moins le <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, l'ensemble des croyants cohabitaient paisiblement, aux côtés de l'importante minorité juive — au moins 5 % de la population —, décimée pendant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shoah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shoah">Shoah</a> puis émigrée en Israël après 1947.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Catholicisme_en_Tchéquie"><span id="Catholicisme_en_Tch.C3.A9quie"></span>Catholicisme en Tchéquie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Catholicisme en Tchéquie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89glise_catholique_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Église catholique en Tchéquie">Église catholique en Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png/220px-CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="585"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 129px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png/220px-CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png" data-width="220" data-height="129" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png/330px-CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png/440px-CoA_CZ_Dieceze.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Les diocèses catholiques de la Tchéquie. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Il y a un peu plus d'un million de catholiques, ce qui représente donc un dixième de la population totale. Ils sont répartis en huit <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dioc%C3%A8se?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diocèse">diocèses</a> dont deux sont des archidiocèses mais peuvent aussi relever de juridictions autres s'ils sont de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rite_byzantin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rite byzantin">rite byzantin</a>.</p> <p>Le catholicisme, qui a pu se développer surtout grâce à l'influence des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maison_de_Habsbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maison de Habsbourg">Habsbourg</a>, subit la répression des communistes arrivés au pouvoir en 1948. Ces derniers confisquèrent toutes les propriétés de l'Église et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pers%C3%A9cutions_des_chr%C3%A9tiens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Persécutions des chrétiens">persécutèrent</a> de nombreux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%AAtre_catholique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prêtre catholique">prêtres</a> : églises saisies, prêtres emprisonnés ou exécutés. Certains offices étaient cependant permis lorsque menés par des prêtres étroitement encadrés, payés par l'État et surveillés par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Police_politique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Police politique">police secrète</a>. Après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_de_Velours?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Révolution de Velours">révolution de Velours</a>, certains monastères et églises furent restitués mais pas dans leur intégralité ni les autres propriétés d'antan. En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-01" data-sort-value="2012-01">janvier 2012</time>, un compromis, sous forme de dédommagement financier, aboutit entre le gouvernement et l'Église catholique tchèque dont la figure actuelle la plus importante est le cardinal <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dominik_Duka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dominik Duka">Dominik Duka</a>. Cependant, le problème de la propriété de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Saint-Guy_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale Saint-Guy de Prague">cathédrale Saint-Guy de Prague</a> persiste.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Économie"><span id=".C3.89conomie"></span>Économie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Économie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Articles détaillés : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89conomie_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Économie de la Tchéquie">Économie de la Tchéquie</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Liste_d'entreprises_tch%C3%A8ques&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Liste d'entreprises tchèques (page inexistante)">Liste d'entreprises tchèques</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg/220px-2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="266"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 98px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg/220px-2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="98" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg/330px-2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg/440px-2000_cseh_korona_2009-es.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Billet de 2 000 <abbr class="abbr" title="couronnes (Kč)"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Couronne_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Couronne tchèque">couronnes</a> (Kč)</abbr> représentant <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emmy_Destinn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emmy Destinn">Emmy Destinn</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p><span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 1 mai 2020)." style="cursor:help;">Des pays émergents de l'Europe centrale, la Tchéquie offre l'économie la plus industrialisée et la plus développée. C'est l'un des ex-pays communistes les plus stables et les plus prospères.</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup></p> <p>De la révolution de Velours (17 au <time class="nowrap" datetime="1989-11-24" data-sort-value="1989-11-24">24 novembre 1989</time>) à nos jours, le pays a dû démanteler une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89conomie_planifi%C3%A9e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Économie planifiée">économie planifiée</a> parmi les plus rigides de la région et opérer une transition vers l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89conomie_de_march%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Économie de marché">économie de marché</a> puis assurer sa propre préparation économique et législative à l'élargissement de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a>. En 2015, 31 % de son commerce extérieur se fait avec l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a> contre seulement 5 % avec la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a><sup id="cite_ref-Hettyey_44-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Hettyey-44"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>43<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En 2024, le pays est classé en <abbr class="abbr" title="Trentième">30<sup>e</sup></abbr> position pour l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indice_mondial_de_l%27innovation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indice mondial de l'innovation">indice mondial de l'innovation</a><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>44<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>La monnaie est la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Couronne_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Couronne tchèque">couronne tchèque</a>.</p> <p>L'écart de l'espérance de vie entre les personnes diplômées et les personnes non diplômées est de <span class="nowrap">18 ans</span> en Tchéquie<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>45<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Transports">Transports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Transports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <p>Le pays compte près de sept réseaux de tramway <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0koda_15_T?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Škoda 15 T">Škoda 15 T</a>, dont celui de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tramway_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tramway de Prague">Prague</a> qui est un des plus grands d'Europe, ainsi que treize réseaux de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trolleybus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trolleybus">trolleybus</a>.</p> <p>La capitale compte aussi un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro de Prague">réseau de métro</a>.</p> <p>La Tchéquie compte deux constructeurs d'autobus, équipant la plupart des réseaux tchèques : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/TEDOM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="TEDOM">TEDOM</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SOR_Libchavy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="SOR Libchavy">SOR</a>.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transport_ferroviaire_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transport ferroviaire en Tchéquie">transport ferroviaire</a> est assuré par plusieurs opérateurs : l'entreprise historique, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_dr%C3%A1hy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="České dráhy">České dráhy</a> ou ČD, a scindé ses activités entre transport et infrastructure, puis l'ouverture à la concurrence est effective depuis 1993 et l'arrivée de Railjet<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>46<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>La firme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usines_%C5%A0koda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usines Škoda">Škoda</a> est un fabricant de locomotives et tramways, son ancienne filiale automobile, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Auto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Škoda Auto">Škoda Auto</a>, appartenant au groupe <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volkswagen_(entreprise)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volkswagen (entreprise)">Volkswagen</a> depuis 1991.</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:%C5%A0koda_15T,_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Tramway Škoda 15 T."> <noscript> <img alt="Tramway Škoda 15 T." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg/240px-%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2934" data-file-height="2200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg/240px-%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg" data-alt="Tramway Škoda 15 T." data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg/360px-%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg/480px-%C5%A0koda_15T%2C_smy%C4%8Dka_Radlick%C3%A1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Tramway <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0koda_15_T?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Škoda 15 T">Škoda 15 T</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 201.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 199.33333333333px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Czech_Highways_2012.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Réseau routier tchèque."> <noscript> <img alt="Réseau routier tchèque." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Czech_Highways_2012.png/299px-Czech_Highways_2012.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1207" data-file-height="727"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Czech_Highways_2012.png/299px-Czech_Highways_2012.png" data-alt="Réseau routier tchèque." data-width="200" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Czech_Highways_2012.png/449px-Czech_Highways_2012.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Czech_Highways_2012.png/598px-Czech_Highways_2012.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Réseau routier tchèque. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Autoroute D8 passant près de Lovosice."> <noscript> <img alt="Autoroute D8 passant près de Lovosice." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg/321px-D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1624"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 214px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg/321px-D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg" data-alt="Autoroute D8 passant près de Lovosice." data-width="214" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg/482px-D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg/642px-D%C3%A1lnice_D8_u_Lovosic.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Autoroute D8 passant près de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lovosice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lovosice">Lovosice</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Locomotive Škoda des ČD."> <noscript> <img alt="Photo couleur d'une locomotive électriques bleue." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg/265px-122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="870"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 177px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg/265px-122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg" data-alt="Photo couleur d'une locomotive électriques bleue." data-width="177" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg/397px-122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg/530px-122_002_CDC_Vrbice_20080712.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Locomotive Škoda des ČD. </div></li> </ul> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Culture_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Culture de la Tchéquie">Culture de la Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:AfricanKingCapek.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/AfricanKingCapek.jpg/220px-AfricanKingCapek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3535" data-file-height="5000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 311px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/AfricanKingCapek.jpg/220px-AfricanKingCapek.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="311" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/AfricanKingCapek.jpg/330px-AfricanKingCapek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/AfricanKingCapek.jpg/440px-AfricanKingCapek.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Un exemple du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cubisme_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cubisme tchécoslovaque">cubisme tchécoslovaque</a> : <i>Roi africain</i>, peinture de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_%C4%8Capek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Čapek">Josef Čapek</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La Tchéquie a une grande tradition musicale. Les compositeurs les plus célèbres sont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antonín Dvořák">Antonín Dvořák</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bedřich Smetana">Bedřich Smetana</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leoš Janáček">Leoš Janáček</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bohuslav_Martin%C5%AF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohuslav Martinů">Bohuslav Martinů</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johann_Stamitz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johann Stamitz">Johann Stamitz</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Dismas_Zelenka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Dismas Zelenka">Jan Dismas Zelenka</a>, les frères Benda (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johann_Georg_Benda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johann Georg Benda">Jan</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Anton%C3%ADn_Benda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Antonín Benda">Jiří</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Benda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Benda">František</a>), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Suk_(compositeur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Suk (compositeur)">Josef Suk</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_Reicha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine Reicha">Antoine Reicha</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Myslive%C4%8Dek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Mysliveček">Josef Mysliveček</a> (parlants tchèque) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gustav_Mahler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gustav Mahler">Gustav Mahler</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heinrich_Biber?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heinrich Biber">Heinrich Biber</a> (germanophones).</p> <p>La littérature tchèque est représentée par de nombreux auteurs tant d'expression tchèque (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milan_Kundera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milan Kundera">Milan Kundera</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_%C4%8Capek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Čapek">Karel Čapek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaroslav_Seifert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaroslav Seifert">Jaroslav Seifert</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaroslav_Ha%C5%A1ek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaroslav Hašek">Jaroslav Hašek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bohumil_Hrabal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohumil Hrabal">Bohumil Hrabal</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Neruda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Neruda">Jan Neruda</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bo%C5%BEena_N%C4%9Bmcov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Božena Němcová">Božena Němcová</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Koll%C3%A1r?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ján Kollár">Ján Kollár</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pavel_Kohout_(%C3%A9crivain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pavel Kohout (écrivain)">Pavel Kohout</a>) qu'allemande (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Kafka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rainer Maria Rilke</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Brod?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Brod">Max Brod</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Werfel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Werfel">Franz Werfel</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Kraus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Kraus">Karl Kraus</a>) ou latine (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cosmas_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cosmas de Prague">Cosmas de Prague</a>) ou encore <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vieux-slave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vieux-slave">vieux-slave</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cyrille_et_M%C3%A9thode?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cyrille et Méthode">Cyrille et Méthode</a>).</p> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julius_Fu%C4%8D%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julius Fučík">Julius Fučík</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milena Jesenská">Milena Jesenská</a> sont des journalistes connus.</p> <p>L'art cinématographique tchèque a connu son apogée dans les années 1960, dans le travail de la dite <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nouvelle_Vague_(Tch%C3%A9coslovaquie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nouvelle Vague (Tchécoslovaquie)">Nouvelle vague tchèque</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Menzel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Menzel">Jiří Menzel</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C4%9Bra_Chytilov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Věra Chytilová">Věra Chytilová</a>), et créateur surréaliste <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_%C5%A0vankmajer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Švankmajer">Jan Švankmajer</a>. Il y a aussi une forte tradition du film d'animation et de marionnettes (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zden%C4%9Bk_Miler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zdeněk Miler">Zdeněk Miler</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Trnka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Trnka">Jiří Trnka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Zeman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Zeman">Karel Zeman</a>).</p> <p>Le plus célèbre peintre tchèque dans le monde est le représentant du mouvement <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Art_nouveau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Art nouveau">Art nouveau</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfons_Mucha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfons Mucha">Alfons Mucha</a>. D'autres noms importants sont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Kupka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="František Kupka">František Kupka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anton_Raphael_Mengs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anton Raphael Mengs">Anton Raphael Mengs</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_%C4%8Capek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Čapek">Josef Čapek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Lada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Lada">Josef Lada</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mikol%C3%A1%C5%A1_Ale%C5%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mikoláš Aleš">Mikoláš Aleš</a>.</p> <p>L'architecte autrichien <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adolf_Loos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adolf Loos">Adolf Loos</a> a eu un rôle très important dans le développement du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Architecture_moderne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Architecture moderne">modernisme architectural</a> dont plusieurs de ses réalisations se trouvent sur le territoire de la Tchéquie.</p> <p>D'autres arts, tels que l'ornement, les travaux de vannerie, la céramique, les objets tressés, ont été étudiés par le Centre de la production artistique populaire des pays tchèques<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Bien d'autres Tchèques ont apporté leur contribution aux arts : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Viktor_Dyk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viktor Dyk">Viktor Dyk</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alois_Jir%C3%A1sek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alois Jirásek">Alois Jirásek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_%C5%A0kvoreck%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Škvorecký">Josef Škvorecký</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Wolker?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Wolker">Jiří Wolker</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Hynek_M%C3%A1cha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Hynek Mácha">Karel Hynek Mácha</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzslav_Nezval?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vítězslav Nezval">Vítězslav Nezval</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ivan_Kl%C3%ADma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ivan Klíma">Ivan Klíma</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arno%C5%A1t_Lustig?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arnošt Lustig">Arnošt Lustig</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaroslav_Vrchlick%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaroslav Vrchlický">Jaroslav Vrchlický</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bohuslav_Balb%C3%ADn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohuslav Balbín">Bohuslav Balbín</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Havl%C3%AD%C4%8Dek_Borovsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Havlíček Borovský">Karel Havlíček Borovský</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A1chym_Topol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jáchym Topol">Jáchym Topol</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patrik_Ou%C5%99edn%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patrik Ouředník">Patrik Ouředník</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladim%C3%ADr_Holan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimír Holan">Vladimír Holan</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Egon_Erwin_Kisch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Egon Erwin Kisch">Egon Erwin Kisch</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Saudek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Saudek">Jan Saudek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emil_Orlik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emil Orlik">Emil Orlik</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtre_Th%C3%A9odoric?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maître Théodoric">Maître Théodoric</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wenceslas_Hollar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wenceslas Hollar">Wenceslas Hollar</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toyen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toyen">Toyen</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Koudelka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Koudelka">Josef Koudelka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_V%C3%A1clav_Myslbek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Václav Myslbek">Josef Václav Myslbek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matthias_Braun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matthias Braun">Matthias Braun</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Sv%C4%9Br%C3%A1k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Svěrák">Jan Svěrák</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otakar_V%C3%A1vra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Otakar Vávra">Otakar Vávra</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elmar_Klos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elmar Klos">Elmar Klos</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magdalena_Ko%C5%BEen%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magdalena Kožená">Magdalena Kožená</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emmy_Destinn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emmy Destinn">Emmy Destinn</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peter_Parler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peter Parler">Petr Parléř</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Hoffmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Hoffmann">Josef Hoffmann</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Bla%C5%BEej_Santini-Aichel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Blažej Santini-Aichel">Jan Blažej Santini-Aichel</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Kot%C4%9Bra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Kotěra">Jan Kotěra</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kilian_Ignace_Dientzenhofer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kilian Ignace Dientzenhofer">Kilian Ignace Dientzenhofer</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Go%C4%8D%C3%A1r?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Gočár">Josef Gočár</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Dismas_Zelenka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Dismas Zelenka">Jan Dismas Zelenka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Benda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Benda">Franz Benda</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzslav_Nov%C3%A1k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vítězslav Novák">Vítězslav Novák</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_Popper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Popper">David Popper</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Hammer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Hammer">Jan Hammer</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zden%C4%9Bk_Fibich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zdeněk Fibich">Zdeněk Fibich</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alois_H%C3%A1ba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alois Hába">Alois Hába</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Ladislav_Dussek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Ladislav Dussek">Jan Ladislav Dussek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Kubel%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Kubelík">Jan Kubelík</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julius_Fu%C4%8D%C3%ADk_(compositeur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julius Fučík (compositeur)">Julius Fučík</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Anton%C3%ADn_Benda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Antonín Benda">Jiří Antonín Benda</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Viktor_Ullmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viktor Ullmann">Viktor Ullmann</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Neumann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Neumann">Václav Neumann</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Svoboda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Svoboda">Karel Svoboda</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Talich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Václav Talich">Václav Talich</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erwin_Schulhoff?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erwin Schulhoff">Erwin Schulhoff</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erich_Wolfgang_Korngold?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erich Wolfgang Korngold">Erich Wolfgang Korngold</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Bohuslav_Foerster?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Bohuslav Foerster">Josef Bohuslav Foerster</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pavel_Haas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pavel Haas">Pavel Haas</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alice_Sommer_Herz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alice Sommer Herz">Alice Sommer Herz</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Gott?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Gott">Karel Gott</a>.</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 81.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 79.333333333333px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Gustav_Mahler_(1860%E2%80%931911)_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_(1864%E2%80%931935)_OeNB_12426918.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Gustav Mahler."> <noscript> <img alt="Gustav Mahler." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg/119px-Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 80px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg/119px-Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg" data-alt="Gustav Mahler." data-width="80" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg/179px-Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg/238px-Gustav_Mahler_%281860%E2%80%931911%29_%C2%A9_Alfred_Roller_%281864%E2%80%931935%29_OeNB_12426918.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gustav_Mahler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gustav Mahler">Gustav Mahler</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 84.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 82.666666666667px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Alfons Mucha."> <noscript> <img alt="Alfons Mucha." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg/124px-Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="520"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 83px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg/124px-Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg" data-alt="Alfons Mucha." data-width="83" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg/186px-Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg/248px-Alfons_Mucha_Self_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfons_Mucha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfons Mucha">Alfons Mucha</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Kafka_portrait.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Franz Kafka."> <noscript> <img alt="Franz Kafka." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kafka_portrait.jpg/135px-Kafka_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="293"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kafka_portrait.jpg/135px-Kafka_portrait.jpg" data-alt="Franz Kafka." data-width="90" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kafka_portrait.jpg/203px-Kafka_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Kafka_portrait.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Kafka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 88.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 86.666666666667px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Milena Jesenská."> <noscript> <img alt="Milena Jesenská." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg/130px-Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 87px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg/130px-Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg" data-alt="Milena Jesenská." data-width="87" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg/196px-Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg/261px-Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milena_Jesensk%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milena Jesenská">Milena Jesenská</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Jaroslav Seifert."> <noscript> <img alt="Jaroslav Seifert." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg/180px-Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="787" data-file-height="787"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg/180px-Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg" data-alt="Jaroslav Seifert." data-width="120" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg/270px-Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg/360px-Jaroslav_Seifert_1981_foto_Hana_Hamplov%C3%A1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaroslav_Seifert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaroslav Seifert">Jaroslav Seifert</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 90.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 88.666666666667px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Milo%C5%A1_Forman_(Reykjavik,_2009)_(cropped_2).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Miloš Forman."> <noscript> <img alt="Miloš Forman." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/133px-Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="745"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 89px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/133px-Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" data-alt="Miloš Forman." data-width="89" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/199px-Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/266px-Milo%C5%A1_Forman_%28Reykjavik%2C_2009%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a>. </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:David_Cerny_(cropped).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="David Černý."> <noscript> <img alt="David Černý." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG/135px-David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1516" data-file-height="2023"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG/135px-David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG" data-alt="David Černý." data-width="90" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG/202px-David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG/270px-David_Cerny_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_%C4%8Cern%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Černý">David Černý</a>. </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Fêtes_et_jours_fériés"><span id="F.C3.AAtes_et_jours_f.C3.A9ri.C3.A9s"></span>Fêtes et jours fériés</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Fêtes et jours fériés" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> Fêtes et jours fériés </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Date</th> <th><span class="nowrap">Nom français</span></th> <th><span class="nowrap">Nom local</span></th> <th>Remarques</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1er_janvier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1er janvier"><abbr class="abbr" title="Premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jour_de_l%27an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jour de l'an">Jour de l'an</a></td> <td>Nový rok</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Le premier lundi suivant la première <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pleine_lune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pleine lune">pleine lune</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Printemps?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Printemps">printemps</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lundi_de_P%C3%A2ques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lundi de Pâques">Lundi de Pâques</a></td> <td>Velikonoční pondělí</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1er_mai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1er mai"><abbr class="abbr" title="Premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> mai</a></td> <td>Fête du travail</td> <td>Svátek práce</td> <td>Traditionnellement le jour de nombreuses manifestations syndicales et politiques</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8 mai</td> <td>Libération 1945</td> <td>Den osvobození</td> <td>Commémoration de la fin de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seconde Guerre mondiale">Seconde Guerre mondiale</a> en Europe</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5 juillet</td> <td>Arrivée de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cyrille_et_M%C3%A9thode?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cyrille et Méthode">Cyrille et Méthode</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moravie">Moravie</a></td> <td>Příchod Cyrila a Metoděje na Moravu</td> <td>L’évangélisation des peuples slaves en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grande-Moravie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grande-Moravie">Grande-Moravie</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/863?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="863">863</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>6 juillet</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Hus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a></td> <td>Upálení Jana Husa</td> <td>Le Martyre de Maître <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Hus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1415?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1415">1415</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constance_(Allemagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constance (Allemagne)">Constance</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>28 septembre</td> <td>Fête nationale</td> <td>Den české státnosti</td> <td>La mort de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venceslas_Ier_de_Boh%C3%AAme_(duc)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Venceslas Ier de Bohême (duc)">saint Venceslas</a>, en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/929?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="929">929</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/935?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="935">935</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>28 octobre</td> <td>Fête nationale</td> <td>Vznik Československa</td> <td>La naissance de la Tchécoslovaquie (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1918-10" data-sort-value="1918-10">octobre 1918</time>) à la fin de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Première Guerre mondiale">Première Guerre mondiale</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>17 novembre</td> <td>Journée de lutte pour la liberté et démocratie</td> <td>Den boje za svobodu a demokracii</td> <td>Le début de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_de_Velours?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Révolution de Velours">révolution de Velours</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1989?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1989">1989</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>24 décembre</td> <td>Veille de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/No%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Noël">Noël</a></td> <td>Štědrý den</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>25 décembre</td> <td>Premier jour de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/No%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Noël">Noël</a></td> <td>První svátek vánoční</td> <td>La naissance de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A9sus_de_Nazareth?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jésus de Nazareth">Jésus Christ</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>26 décembre</td> <td>Second jour de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/No%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Noël">Noël</a></td> <td>Druhý svátek vánoční</td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Science">Science</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Science" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:266px;"> <table style="border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský."> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg/124px-Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="1356"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 124px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg/124px-Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="124" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg/186px-Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg/248px-Heyrovsky_Jaroslav.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; width: 2px"></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_(1896-1957)_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský."> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg/134px-Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3098" data-file-height="3822"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 134px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg/134px-Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="134" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg/201px-Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg/268px-Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_%281896-1957%29_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori_-_restoration1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;"> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a>. </div></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;"></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;"> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gerty_Cori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerty Cori">Gerty Cori</a> avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carl_Cori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Cori">Carl Cori</a>. </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <p>Sur le territoire de la Tchéquie sont nées de nombreuses personnalités scientifiques germanophones, telles que le fondateur de la psychanalyse <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sigmund_Freud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>, le fondateur de la génétique <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gregor_Mendel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gregor Mendel">Gregor Mendel</a>, le créateur de la phénoménologie <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmund_Husserl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmund Husserl">Edmund Husserl</a>, le logicien <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a>, les psychologues <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Wertheimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Wertheimer">Max Wertheimer</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanislav_Grof?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanislav Grof">Stanislav Grof</a>, les nobelisés <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a> (chimie), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gerty_Theresa_Cori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gerty Theresa Cori">Gerty Theresa Cori</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">Carl Ferdinand Cori</a> (physiologie ou médecine), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peter Grünberg">Peter Grünberg</a> (physique) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bertha von Suttner">Bertha von Suttner</a> (paix), le physicien <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernst_Mach?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ernst Mach">Ernst Mach</a>, les économistes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Schumpeter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Schumpeter">Joseph Schumpeter</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eugen_von_B%C3%B6hm-Bawerk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk">Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk</a>, le constructeur automobile <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_Porsche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ferdinand Porsche">Ferdinand Porsche</a>, l'astronome <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johann_Palisa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johann Palisa">Johann Palisa</a>, le théoricien du droit <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hans_Kelsen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hans Kelsen">Hans Kelsen</a>, le politologue <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Gellner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ernest Gellner">Ernest Gellner</a>, les musicologues <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eduard_Hanslick?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eduard Hanslick">Eduard Hanslick</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guido_Adler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guido Adler">Guido Adler</a>, les philosophes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bernard_Bolzano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bernard Bolzano">Bernard Bolzano</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Kautsky?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Kautsky">Karl Kautsky</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vil%C3%A9m_Flusser?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vilém Flusser">Vilém Flusser</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Jan_Amos_Comenius_(Komensky)_(1592-1670)._Tsjechisch_humanist_en_pedagoog._Als_voorganger_van_de_Moravische_of_Boheemse_Broedergemeente_verdreven_en_sedert_1656_gevestigd_te_Amsterdam_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2161.jpeg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Jan_Amos_Comenius_%28Komensky%29_%281592-1670%29._Tsjechisch_humanist_en_pedagoog._Als_voorganger_van_de_Moravische_of_Boheemse_Broedergemeente_verdreven_en_sedert_1656_gevestigd_te_Amsterdam_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2161.jpeg/170px-thumbnail.jpeg" decoding="async" width="170" height="196" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2169" data-file-height="2500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 196px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Jan_Amos_Comenius_%28Komensky%29_%281592-1670%29._Tsjechisch_humanist_en_pedagoog._Als_voorganger_van_de_Moravische_of_Boheemse_Broedergemeente_verdreven_en_sedert_1656_gevestigd_te_Amsterdam_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2161.jpeg/170px-thumbnail.jpeg" data-width="170" data-height="196" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Jan_Amos_Comenius_%28Komensky%29_%281592-1670%29._Tsjechisch_humanist_en_pedagoog._Als_voorganger_van_de_Moravische_of_Boheemse_Broedergemeente_verdreven_en_sedert_1656_gevestigd_te_Amsterdam_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2161.jpeg/255px-thumbnail.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Jan_Amos_Comenius_%28Komensky%29_%281592-1670%29._Tsjechisch_humanist_en_pedagoog._Als_voorganger_van_de_Moravische_of_Boheemse_Broedergemeente_verdreven_en_sedert_1656_gevestigd_te_Amsterdam_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2161.jpeg/340px-thumbnail.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comenius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comenius">Comenius</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La philosophie tchèque a été façonnée au Moyen Âge par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Hus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_de_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jérôme de Prague">Jérôme de Prague</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petr_Chel%C4%8Dick%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petr Chelčický">Petr Chelčický</a>. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comenius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comenius">Comenius</a> est le père de la pédagogie moderne. La philosophie tchèque du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle est représentée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Pato%C4%8Dka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Patočka">Jan Patočka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Kos%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Kosík">Karel Kosík</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Egon_Bondy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Egon Bondy">Egon Bondy</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ladislav_Kl%C3%ADma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ladislav Klíma">Ladislav Klíma</a>. L'historien <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Palack%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="František Palacký">František Palacký</a> a été le premier homme politique tchèque moderne et il est souvent appelé le « père de la nation ». La pensée sociologique tchèque a été créée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Masaryk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tomáš Masaryk">Tomáš Masaryk</a>. Il y a une forte tradition de linguistique (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Hrozn%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bedřich Hrozný">Bedřich Hrozný</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Dobrovsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Dobrovský">Josef Dobrovský</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pavel_Jozef_%C5%A0af%C3%A1rik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pavel Jozef Šafárik">Pavel Jozef Šafárik</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Jungmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Jungmann">Josef Jungmann</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vil%C3%A9m_Mathesius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vilém Mathesius">Vilém Mathesius</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julius_Pokorny?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julius Pokorny">Julius Pokorny</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Wellek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="René Wellek">René Wellek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Muka%C5%99ovsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Mukařovský">Jan Mukařovský</a>) ou de biologie (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Evangelista_Purkinje?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Evangelista Purkinje">Jan Evangelista Purkinje</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Bo%C5%99ivoj_Presl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Bořivoj Presl">Karel Bořivoj Presl</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Svatopluk_Presl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Svatopluk Presl">Jan Svatopluk Presl</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heinrich_Wilhelm_Schott?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heinrich Wilhelm Schott">Heinrich Wilhelm Schott</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Josef_Camel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jiří Josef Camel">Jiří Josef Camel</a>).</p> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aloys_Senefelder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aloys Senefelder">Aloys Senefelder</a> est l'inventeur de la technique de la lithographie. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Ressel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Ressel">Joseph Ressel</a> créa le premier bateau propulsé par une hélice. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_von_Terzaghi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl von Terzaghi">Karl von Terzaghi</a> était le père de la géotechnique et de la mécanique des sols. Naturalisé, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Viktor_Kaplan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viktor Kaplan">Viktor Kaplan</a> a inventé la turbine du même nom. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otto_Wichterle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Otto Wichterle">Otto Wichterle</a> a inventé des lentilles de contact. Le mathématicien <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eduard_%C4%8Cech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eduard Čech">Eduard Čech</a> était un topologiste important. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Jarom%C3%ADr_Erben?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Jaromír Erben">Karel Jaromír Erben</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Ladislav_%C4%8Celakovsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="František Ladislav Čelakovský">František Ladislav Čelakovský</a> étaient des folkloristes de premier plan. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Hebra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ferdinand von Hebra">Ferdinand von Hebra</a> a fondé la Nouvelle École de dermatologie de Vienne, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carl_von_Rokitansky?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carl von Rokitansky">Carl von Rokitansky</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_%C5%A0koda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Škoda">Joseph Škoda</a> la deuxième école de médecine viennoise, l'historien de l'art <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Dvořák">Max Dvořák</a> a grandi à Vienne aussi. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstantin_Jirecek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstantin Jirecek">Konstantin Jirecek</a> a fondé une branche de la byzantologie. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ignaz_von_Born?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ignaz von Born">Ignaz von Born</a> a été le fondateur de la géologie tchèque.</p> <p>D'autres noms importants : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Mrkos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antonín Mrkos">Antonín Mrkos</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herbert_Feigl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Herbert Feigl">Herbert Feigl</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Bardon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Bardon">Franz Bardon</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_%C5%A0pidl%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tomáš Špidlík">Tomáš Špidlík</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Domin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Domin">Karel Domin</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johannes_Widmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johannes Widmann">Johannes Widmann</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julius_Vincenz_von_Krombholz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julius Vincenz von Krombholz">Julius Vincenz von Krombholz</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_von_Berchtold?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich von Berchtold">Friedrich von Berchtold</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaspar_Maria_von_Sternberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaspar Maria von Sternberg">Kaspar Maria von Sternberg</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hans_Tropsch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hans Tropsch">Hans Tropsch</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_B%C4%9Bhounek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="František Běhounek">František Běhounek</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Josef_von_Gerstner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Josef von Gerstner">Franz Josef von Gerstner</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christian_Mayer_(j%C3%A9suite)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christian Mayer (jésuite)">Christian Mayer</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pavel_Pavel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pavel Pavel">Pavel Pavel</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ale%C5%A1_Hrdli%C4%8Dka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aleš Hrdlička">Aleš Hrdlička</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Ambros?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="August Wilhelm Ambros">August Wilhelm Ambros</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lubor_Niederle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lubor Niederle">Lubor Niederle</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anton_Springer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anton Springer">Anton Springer</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_Stoliczka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ferdinand Stoliczka">Ferdinand Stoliczka</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wenceslas_Bojer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wenceslas Bojer">Wenceslas Bojer</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zdenko_Skraup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zdenko Skraup">Zdenko Skraup</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emil_Holub?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emil Holub">Emil Holub</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miroslav_Hroch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miroslav Hroch">Miroslav Hroch</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miroslav_Verner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miroslav Verner">Miroslav Verner</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alois_Musil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alois Musil">Alois Musil</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Jansk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Janský">Jan Janský</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_Marek_Marci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Marek Marci">Jan Marek Marci</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_K%C5%99i%C5%BE%C3%ADk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="František Křižík">František Křižík</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Éducation"><span id=".C3.89ducation"></span>Éducation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Éducation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_%C3%A9ducatif_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Système éducatif en Tchéquie">Système éducatif en Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Sport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sport_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sport en Tchéquie">Sport en Tchéquie</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg/220px-20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3737" data-file-height="2491"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg/220px-20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg/330px-20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg/440px-20180601_AUSCZE_3910.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89quipe_de_Tch%C3%A9quie_de_football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Équipe de Tchéquie de football">Équipe de Tchéquie de football</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Les athlètes tchèques les plus célèbres sont le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Escalade?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Escalade">grimpeur</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam_Ondra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam Ondra">Adam Ondra</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Course_%C3%A0_pied?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Course à pied">coureurs</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emil_Z%C3%A1topek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emil Zátopek">Emil Zátopek</a>, Josef Plachy et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jarmila_Kratochv%C3%ADlov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jarmila Kratochvílová">Jarmila Kratochvílová</a>, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gymnastique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gymnastique">gymnaste</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C4%9Bra_%C4%8C%C3%A1slavsk%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Věra Čáslavská">Věra Čáslavská</a>, les joueurs de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tennis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tennis">tennis</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martina_Navr%C3%A1tilov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martina Navrátilová">Martina Navrátilová</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ivan_Lendl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ivan Lendl">Ivan Lendl</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Berdych?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tomáš Berdych">Tomáš Berdych</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Radek_%C5%A0t%C4%9Bp%C3%A1nek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Radek Štěpánek">Radek Štěpánek</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petra_Kvitov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petra Kvitová">Petra Kvitová</a>, les joueurs de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hockey_sur_glace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hockey sur glace">hockey sur glace</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jarom%C3%ADr_J%C3%A1gr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaromír Jágr">Jaromír Jágr</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dominik_Ha%C5%A1ek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dominik Hašek">Dominik Hašek</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milan_Hejduk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milan Hejduk">Milan Hejduk</a>, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patinage_de_vitesse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patinage de vitesse">patineuse de vitesse</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martina_S%C3%A1bl%C3%ADkov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martina Sáblíková">Martina Sáblíková</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lancer_du_javelot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lancer du javelot">lanciers</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDelezn%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan Železný">Jan Železný</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barbora_%C5%A0pot%C3%A1kov%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barbora Špotáková">Barbora Špotáková</a>, les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Football">footballeurs</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Josef_Masopust?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Josef Masopust">Josef Masopust</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karel_Poborsk%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karel Poborský">Karel Poborský</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petr_%C4%8Cech?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petr Čech">Petr Čech</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pavel_Nedv%C4%9Bd?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pavel Nedvěd">Pavel Nedvěd</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Rosick%C3%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tomáš Rosický">Tomáš Rosický</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=30&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="references-small lower-alpha" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.eu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".eu">.eu</a>, partagé avec les autres pays de l'Union européenne.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=31&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="reference-cadre" tabindex="0"> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inde">Inde</a> a une devise quasi similaire : <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Satyameva_jayate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Satyameva jayate">Satyameva jayate</a></i> (« Seule la vérité triomphe »).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.avantgarde-prague.fr/guide-de-prague/prague-et-la-republique-tcheque/presentation-du-pays/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Où est ma patrie ?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Avantgarde Prague</span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : tchèque">(cs)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population">Population de la République tchèque au 30 septembre 2023</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-hdr2021-22-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hdr2021-22_4-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hdr2021-22_4-1">b</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hdr2021-22_4-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2022"><cite class="italique">Rapport sur le développement humain 2021/2022 : Temps incertains, vies bouleversées : façonner notre avenir dans un monde en mutation</cite>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York">New York</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Programme_des_Nations_unies_pour_le_d%C3%A9veloppement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Programme des Nations unies pour le développement">Programme des Nations unies pour le développement</a>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-09" data-sort-value="2022-09">septembre 2022</time>, 337 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-92-1-126452-4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-92-1-126452-4"><span class="nowrap">978-92-1-126452-4</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2021-22">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rapport+sur+le+d%C3%A9veloppement+humain+2021%2F2022&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Programme+des+Nations+unies+pour+le+d%C3%A9veloppement&rft.stitle=Temps+incertains%2C+vies+boulevers%C3%A9es+%3A+fa%C3%A7onner+notre+avenir+dans+un+monde+en+mutation&rft.date=2022-09&rft.tpages=337&rft.isbn=978-92-1-126452-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Gini_BM-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Gini_BM_5-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?most_recent_value_desc%3Dfalse"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Gini index</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Banque_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Banque mondiale">Banque mondiale</a></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-04-24" data-sort-value="2023-04-24">24 avril 2023</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-IPE2022-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IPE2022_6-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="WolfEmersonEstyde_Sherbinin2022"><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin_J._WolfJohn_W._EmersonDaniel_C._EstyAlex_de_Sherbinin2022"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Martin J. Wolf, John W. Emerson, Daniel C. Esty, Alex de Sherbinin, Zachary A. Wendling <i><abbr class="abbr" title="et alii (et d’autres)">et al.</abbr></i>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">2022 Environmental Performance Index</cite>, New Haven, Connecticut, États-Unis, Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy, <time>2022</time>, 192 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://epi.yale.edu/downloads/epi2022report06062022.pdf">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=2022+Environmental+Performance+Index&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut%2C+%C3%89tats-Unis&rft.pub=Yale+Center+for+Environmental+Law+%26+Policy&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Martin+J.&rft.au=John+W.+Emerson&rft.au=Daniel+C.+Esty&rft.au=Alex+de+Sherbinin&rft.au=Zachary+A.+Wendling&rft.date=2022&rft.tpages=192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Europa > Office des publications > Code de rédaction > III. Conventions communes > 7. Pays, langues et monnaies : 7.1. Pays - 7.1.1. Dénominations et sigles à utiliser - États membres : Dénomination courte, langue d'origine (nom géographique) (Les noms des États membres de l'Union européenne doivent être écrits et abrégés uniformément selon les règles suivantes) : Česko, Dénomination officielle, langue d'origine (nom protocolaire) : Česká republika, Dénomination courte en français (nom géographique) : Tchéquie, Dénomination officielle en français (nom protocolaire) : République tchèque, Code « pays » : CZ <span class="ouvrage" id="européenne"><span class="ouvrage" id="Union_européenne">Union européenne, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://publications.europa.eu/code/fr/fr-370100.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Code de rédaction interinstitutionnel</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">europa.eu</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-03-18" data-sort-value="2023-03-18">18 mars 2023</time>)</small></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-CNIG-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-CNIG_9-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <span class="ouvrage" id="Commission_nationale_de_toponymie,_conseil_national_de_l'information_géographique2022"><span class="nom_auteur"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commission_nationale_de_toponymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commission nationale de toponymie">Commission nationale de toponymie</a>, conseil national de l'information géographique</span>, <cite class="italique">Pays, territoires et villes du monde juillet 2021</cite>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-07-01" data-sort-value="2022-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 2022</time>, 34 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://cnig.gouv.fr/ressources-toponymie-a10578.html">présentation en ligne</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://cnig.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/ptvm_1er-juillet-2021_ok.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 32<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pays%2C+territoires+et+villes+du+monde+juillet+2021&rft.aulast=Commission+nationale+de+toponymie&rft.date=2022-07-01&rft.pages=32&rft.tpages=34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_socialiste_tch%C3%A9coslovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République socialiste tchécoslovaque">République socialiste tchécoslovaque</a> était formellement fédérale depuis le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1969-01-01" data-sort-value="1969-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 1969</time>, réunissant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_socialiste_slovaque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République socialiste slovaque">République socialiste slovaque</a> et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_socialiste_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République socialiste tchèque">République socialiste tchèque</a> qui changent leurs noms le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1990-03-01" data-sort-value="1990-03-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> mars 1990</time> en « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovaquie">Slovaquie</a> » et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1990-03-06" data-sort-value="1990-03-06">6 mars 1990</time> en « République tchèque ».</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.vlada.cz/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Vláda České republiky</cite></a> » [« Le gouvernement de RT »], sur <span class="italique">Vláda České republiky (Le gouvernement de la République tchèque); Vláda ČR</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-09-11" data-sort-value="2016-09-11">11 septembre 2016</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Au cours d'une conversation rapportée par la revue de politique française et internationale, <i>L'Europe nouvelle</i>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89douard_Daladier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Édouard Daladier">Édouard Daladier</a> reproche à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georges_Bonnet_(homme_politique,_1889-1973)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georges Bonnet (homme politique, 1889-1973)">Georges Bonnet</a>, alors ministre des Affaires étrangères, d'utiliser ce mot « allemand » qui traduit alors <i>Tschechei</i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ujc.cas.cz/poradna/odpo.html%23cesko">« Česko »</a> sur le site du Conseil pour la langue tchèque, <i>Ústav pro jazyk český</i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="d'experts_des_nations_unies_pour_les_noms_géographiques,_division_francophone"><span class="ouvrage" id="Groupe_d'experts_des_nations_unies_pour_les_noms_géographiques,_division_francophone">Groupe d'experts des nations unies pour les noms géographiques, division francophone, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.toponymiefrancophone.org/DivFranco/Bougainville/Resultat.aspx?type_recherche%3Dsimplifi%25c3%25a9e%26nom_francais_usuel%3Dtch%25c3%25a9quie%26nom_local_usuel%3D%26classe_de_lentite%3D%26nature_de_lentite%3D%26langue%3D%26ISO_Pays%3D%26ISO_PaysAFF%3D%26gentile%3D%26R1%3DV1"><cite style="font-style:normal;">République tchèque</cite></a> » <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2010-07-30" data-sort-value="2010-07-30">30 juillet 2010</time>)</small></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Plichta2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin_Plichta2016">Martin <span class="nom_auteur">Plichta</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">La République tchèque est morte, vive la Tchéquie !</cite> », <i>Le Monde</i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-16" data-sort-value="2016-04-16">16 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lemonde.fr/europe/article/2016/04/16/la-republique-tcheque-est-morte-vive-la-tchequie_4903541_3214.html">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-16" data-sort-value="2016-04-16">16 avril 2016</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=La+R%C3%A9publique+tch%C3%A8que+est+morte%2C+vive+la+Tch%C3%A9quie+%21&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.aulast=Plichta&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2016-04-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.radio.cz/fr/rubrique/faits/czechia-tchequie-chequia-ne-mappelez-plus-jamais-republique-tcheque"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Czechia, Tchéquie, Chequia… : « Ne m'appelez plus jamais République tchèque »</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Radio Prague</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-16" data-sort-value="2016-04-16">16 avril 2016</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/geonames/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">UNGEGN World Geographical Names</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">unstats.un.org</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07-06" data-sort-value="2016-07-06">6 juillet 2016</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.psp.cz/docs/laws/constitution.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Ústava České republiky ze dne 16. prosince 1992. Ústavní zákon č. 1/1993 Sb. ve znění ústavního zákona č. 347/1997 Sb., 300/2000 Sb., 448/2001 Sb., 395/2001 Sb., 515/2002 Sb., 319/2009 Sb., 71/2012 Sb. a 98/2013 Sb.</cite></a> » <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-06-14" data-sort-value="2020-06-14">14 juin 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://legacy.blisty.cz/files/isarc/0008/20000822g.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Vít Novotný: Název Česka a česká národní totožnost</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">legacy.blisty.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.blesk.cz/clanek/zpravy-politika/390587/cesi-by-zkratku-brali-ale-czechii-ztrhali-vyhozene-penize-tvrdi-v-pruzkumu.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Jaroslav Šimáček: Češi by zkratku brali, ale Czechii ztrhali. „Vyhozené peníze,“ tvrdí v průzkumu</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">blesk.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lidovky.cz/nazory/stransky-czechia-sjednocuje-nikomu-se-nelibi-zbyva-navrhnout-zemanii.A160421_165117_ln_nazory_ele"><cite style="font-style:normal;">STRÁNSKÝ: Czechia sjednocuje, nikomu se nelíbí. Zbývá navrhnout název Zemanie</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">lidovky.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://e-petice.cz/petitions/deklarace-geografu-proti-svevolnemu-prosazovani-nazvu-czechia.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Deklarace geografů proti svévolnému prosazování názvu Czechia</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">e-petice.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.radio.cz/cz/rubrika/ocem/existuje-moravsky-narod"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Jaromír Marek: Existuje moravský národ? Existuje moravský jazyk?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">radio.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.muni.cz/th/q5axf/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Gabriela Hrazdírová: Moravský národ? Možné strukturální důvody nekonstituování moderního moravského národa</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">is.muni.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://vasevec.parlamentnilisty.cz/komentare/petr-michek-moravsky-narod-moravane-existuji"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Petr Michek: Moravský národ a Moravané existují</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">vasevec.parlamentnilisty.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id%3D175105"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Pavel Maršálek: Existuje moravský národ a moravská státnost?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">ceeol.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://moravskehnuti.cz/2019/03/problem-morava-narodni-versus-zemsky-pristup/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Jaroslav Kupka: Problém Morava: národní versus zemský přístup</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">moravskehnuti.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/radeji-czechia-nez-czech-republic-mini-zeman-jako-oficialni-nazev-tezko-oponuje-lingvista-_201310071901_vkourimsky"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Veronika Sedláčková, Vojtěch Kouřímský: Raději Czechia než Czech Republic, míní Zeman. Jako oficiální název těžko, oponuje lingvista</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">irozhlas.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-08" data-sort-value="2020-02-08">8 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lidovky.cz/domov/morava-se-bouri-proc-rikate-teto-zemi-cechy.A100207_205301_ln_domov_ani"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Morava se bouří: Proč říkáte této zemi Čechy?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">lidovky.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-07" data-sort-value="2020-02-07">7 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.czechfreepress.cz/podoteky/morava-a-slezsko-neni-zadne-cesko.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Luboš Vitek: Morava a Slezsko není žádné Česko</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">czechfreepress.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-07" data-sort-value="2020-02-07">7 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.seznamzpravy.cz/clanek/extremnim-suchem-uz-trpi-cele-cechy-i-sever-moravy-a-predpoved-neni-prizniva-75655"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Extrémním suchem už trpí celé Čechy i sever Moravy a předpověď není příznivá</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">seznamzpravy.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-07" data-sort-value="2020-02-07">7 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nasregion.cz/cechy-a-morava-v-bratrovrazednem-boji-bitva-u-lodenice-na-jizni-morave-byla-ve-sve-dobe-tou-nejkrvavejsi-139991"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Václav Pavlík: Čechy a Morava v bratrovražedném boji. Bitva u Loděnice na jižní Moravě byla ve své době tou nejkrvavější</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">nasregion.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-07" data-sort-value="2020-02-07">7 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ekonom.ihned.cz/c1-36581950-morava-neni-ceska-zeme"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Morava není "česká země"</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">ekonom.ihned.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-07" data-sort-value="2020-02-07">7 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/archiv/1430995-moravane-a-cesi"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Moravané a Češi</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">ct24.ceskatelevize.cz</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-07" data-sort-value="2020-02-07">7 février 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://publications.europa.eu/code/fr/fr-370100.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Code de rédaction interinstitutionnel</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Europa</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-09-28" data-sort-value="2016-09-28">28 septembre 2016</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-rp-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-rp_36-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016">« <cite style="font-style:normal">Czechia, Tchéquie, Chequia… : « Ne m'appelez plus jamais République tchèque »</cite> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Radio_Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Radio Prague">Radio Prague</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-15" data-sort-value="2016-04-15">15 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.radio.cz/fr/rubrique/faits/czechia-tchequie-chequia-ne-mappelez-plus-jamais-republique-tcheque">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Czechia%2C+Tch%C3%A9quie%2C+Chequia%E2%80%A6+%3A+%C2%AB+Ne+m%27appelez+plus+jamais+R%C3%A9publique+tch%C3%A8que+%C2%BB&rft.jtitle=Radio+Prague&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio.cz%2Ffr%2Frubrique%2Ffaits%2Fczechia-tchequie-chequia-ne-mappelez-plus-jamais-republique-tcheque&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-monde-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-monde_37-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016">« <cite style="font-style:normal">La République tchèque est morte, vive la Tchéquie !</cite> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-15" data-sort-value="2016-04-15">15 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lemonde.fr/europe/article/2016/04/16/la-republique-tcheque-est-morte-vive-la-tchequie_4903541_3214.html">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=La+R%C3%A9publique+tch%C3%A8que+est+morte%2C+vive+la+Tch%C3%A9quie+%21&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Feurope%2Farticle%2F2016%2F04%2F16%2Fla-republique-tcheque-est-morte-vive-la-tchequie_4903541_3214.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Décision du Conseil de l'Union européenne du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-04-14" data-sort-value="2003-04-14">14 avril 2003</time> relative à l'admission de la République tchèque, de la république d'Estonie, de la république de Chypre, de la république de Lettonie, de la république de Lituanie, de la république de Hongrie, de la république de Malte, de la république de Pologne, de la république de Slovénie et de la République slovaque à l'Union européenne (<abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/fr/oj/2003/l_236/l_23620030923fr00150015.pdf">GU EU L 236 du 23.9.2003</a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-39">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Traité entre le Royaume de Belgique, le Royaume de Danemark, la République fédérale d'Allemagne, la République hellénique, le Royaume d'Espagne, la République française, l'Irlande, la République italienne, le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, le Royaume des Pays-Bas, la République d'Autriche, la République portugaise, la République de Finlande, le Royaume de Suède, le Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord (États membres de l'Union européenne) et la République tchèque, la République d'Estonie, la République de Chypre, la République de Lettonie, la République de Lituanie, la République de Hongrie, la République de Malte, la République de Pologne, la République de Slovénie, la République slovaque relatif à l'adhésion de la République tchèque, de la République d'Estonie, de la République de Chypre, de la République de Lettonie, de la République de Lituanie, de la République de Hongrie, de la République de Malte, de la République de Pologne, de la République de Slovénie et de la République slovaque à l'Union européenne (<abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/fr/oj/2003/l_236/l_23620030923fr00170032.pdf">GU EU L 236 du 23.9.2003</a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-40">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.robert-schuman.eu/print_oee.php?num%3D110">http://www.robert-schuman.eu/print_oee.php?num=110</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-:4-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:4_41-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/dashboards/natura-2000-barometer"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Natura 2000 Barometer</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">European Environment Agency</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-12-21" data-sort-value="2018-12-21">21 décembre 2018</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-42">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/natura-2000-birds-and-habitat-directives-9/czech-republic/Natura2000_End2017_Czech%2520Republic.eps.75dpi.png/download">Carte des sites Natura 2000 (SIC, ZSC + ZPS) de la République tchèque, décembre 2017 (haute définition)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/natura-2000-birds-and-habitat-directives-9/czech-republic">Source</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Czech_Statistical_Office-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Czech_Statistical_Office_43-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.czso.cz/sldb2011/eng/redakce.nsf/i/tab_7_1_population_by_religious_belief_and_by_municipality_size_groups/%2524File/PVCR071_ENG.pdf"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Population by religious belief and by municipality size groups</cite></a> », Czech Statistical Office <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-04-23" data-sort-value="2012-04-23">23 avril 2012</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Hettyey-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Hettyey_44-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Andras Hettyey, « Allemagne et Europe centrale et orientale », <i>Conflits</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 8, janvier-mars 2016, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">66-67</span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-45">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2024">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wipo.int/fr/web/global-innovation-index/2024/index"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Indice mondial de l’innovation 2024 : Quelles sont les économies les plus innovantes en 2024?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_mondiale_de_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_intellectuelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle">Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle</a></span>, <time>2024</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-11-15" data-sort-value="2024-11-15">15 novembre 2024</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-46">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.latribune.fr/economie/international/le-pays-developpe-ou-les-inegalites-de-revenus-ont-le-plus-augmente-est-525655.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Journal économique et financier</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Tribune_(France,_1985)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Tribune (France, 1985)">La Tribune</a></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-06-27" data-sort-value="2020-06-27">27 juin 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-47">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2013"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">RegioJet awarded pilot Czech operating contract</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Railway Gazette</span></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-04-04" data-sort-value="2013-04-04">4 avril 2013</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/regiojet-awarded-pilot-czech-operating-contract.html">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=RegioJet+awarded+pilot+Czech+operating+contract&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette&rft.date=2013-04-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_tch%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-48">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="1975"><cite class="italique">La production artistique populaire tchèque</cite>, Prague, Le Centre de la production artistique populaire, <time>1975</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+production+artistique+populaire+tch%C3%A8que&rft.place=Prague&rft.pub=Le+Centre+de+la+production+artistique+populaire&rft.date=1975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ATch%C3%A9quie"></span></span>.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=32&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style> <div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Czech_Republic?uselang%3Dfr">La République tchèque</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li> <li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9publique_tch%25C3%25A8que" class="extiw" title="wikt:République tchèque">République tchèque</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> <li class="wikinews"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikinews.org/wiki/Page:R%25C3%25A9publique_tch%25C3%25A8que" class="extiw" title="n:Page:République tchèque">Tchéquie</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikinews</span></span></li> <li class="wikivoyage"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9publique_tch%25C3%25A8que" class="extiw" title="voy:République tchèque">La République tchèque</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikivoyage</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=33&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_villes_de_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des villes de Tchéquie">Liste des villes de Tchéquie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_de_journaux_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste de journaux en Tchéquie">Liste de journaux en Tchéquie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_en_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université en Tchéquie">Liste des universités en Tchéquie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89glise_orthodoxe_des_Terres_tch%C3%A8ques_et_de_Slovaquie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Église orthodoxe des Terres tchèques et de Slovaquie">Église orthodoxe des Terres tchèques et de Slovaquie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89quipe_de_Tch%C3%A9quie_de_football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Équipe de Tchéquie de football">Équipe de Tchéquie de football</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Culture_de_la_Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Culture de la Tchéquie">Culture de la Tchéquie</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=edit&section=34&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.czechtourism.com/fr/">Site officiel du tourisme</a></li> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.czech.cz/fr/Home-fr">Site officiel</a></cite></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langues : tchèque et anglais">(cs + en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.vlada.cz/">Gouvernement tchèque</a></li> </ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <ul> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="wd_p856"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.czechia.eu/">Site officiel</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23P856" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span></cite></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative au spectacle<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://data.performing-arts.ch/p/8b2bfecb-857f-4ef3-8e31-4d02a7ea7285"><i>Archives suisses des arts de la scène</i></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la vie publique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://beta.parliament.uk/people/B2cwIEho">Parlement du Royaume-Uni</a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la santé<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui%3DD018153"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Medical Subject Headings</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la bande dessinée<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://comicvine.gamespot.com/wd/4020-56094/"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Comic Vine</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T020982"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Grove Art Online</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </section> </div><!-- MobileFormatter took 0.050 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DTch%C3%A9quie%26oldid%3D220302936">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tchéquie&oldid=220302936</a> ». </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tch%C3%A9quie&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Wikiki2022" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1731642024"> <span>Dernière modification le 15 novembre 2024, à 04:40</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B0" title="Чехиа – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Чехиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C3%25A8kia" title="Cèkia – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Cèkia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5" title="Чехие – adyguéen" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Чехие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adyguéen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjeggi%25C3%25AB" title="Tsjeggië – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tsjeggië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechien" title="Tschechien – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tschechien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2589%25B8%25E1%258A%25AA%25E1%258B%25AB" title="ቸኪያ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቸኪያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Checa" title="Republica Checa – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Republica Checa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Aecland" title="Ċecland – ancien anglais" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ċecland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="ancien anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesika" title="Chesika – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Chesika" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595" title="चेक रिपब्लिक – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="चेक रिपब्लिक" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D9%2583" title="جمهورية التشيك – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية التشيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25AC%25DC%25AB%25DC%259D%25DC%259F" title="ܬܫܝܟ – araméen" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܬܫܝܟ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="araméen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D9%2583" title="التشيك – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="التشيك" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7" title="تشيكيا – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشيكيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%2595_%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25A3%25E0%25A7%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF" title="চেক গণৰাজ্য – assamais" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চেক গণৰাজ্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chequia" title="Chequia – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Chequia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceska" title="Ceska – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ceska" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595" title="चेक रिपब्लिक – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="चेक रिपब्लिक" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chexya_Ripublika" title="Chexya Ripublika – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Chexya Ripublika" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587exiya" title="Çexiya – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Çexiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DA%25A9_%25D8%25AC%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C" title="چک جومهوریتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چک جومهوریتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9publik_C%25C3%25A9ko" title="Républik Céko – balinais" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Républik Céko" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechei" title="Tschechei – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Tschechei" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cek%25C4%2597j%25C4%2597" title="Čekėjė – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Čekėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsekya" title="Tsekya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tsekya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D1%258D%25D1%2585%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Чэхія – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чэхія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D1%258D%25D1%2585%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Чэхія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Чэхія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C3%25A8ki" title="Cèki – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Cèki" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595" title="चेक रिपब्लिक – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="चेक रिपब्लिक" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jek_Ripablik" title="Jek Ripablik – bichelamar" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Jek Ripablik" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bichelamar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%2595_%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0" title="চেক প্রজাতন্ত্র – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চেক প্রজাতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2585%25E0%25BD%25BA%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2581%25E0%25BD%25BA%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ཅེ་ཁེ། – tibétain" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཅེ་ཁེ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibétain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%2595_%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0" title="চেক প্রজাতন্ত্র – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="চেক প্রজাতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchekia" title="Tchekia – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tchekia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Ce%25C5%25A1ka" title="Češka – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Češka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D2%25AF%25D0%25B3%25D1%258D%25D0%25B4%25D1%258D_%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D1%2585%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581" title="Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Чехи Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Чехи Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tx%25C3%25A8quia" title="Txèquia – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Txèquia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chequia" title="Chequia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Chequia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%25C4%2595k-k%25C3%25A1ik" title="Ciĕk-káik – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ciĕk-káik" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8" title="Чехи – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Чехи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasod_nga_Czech" title="Nasod nga Czech – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nasod nga Czech" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chekia" title="Chekia – chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Chekia" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258F%25A4%25E1%258E%25A9_%25E1%258F%258D%25E1%258E%25A6%25E1%258F%259A%25E1%258E%25A9" title="ᏤᎩ ᏍᎦᏚᎩ – cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏤᎩ ᏍᎦᏚᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25DB%2586%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C_%25DA%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9" title="کۆماری چیک – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆماری چیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecch%25C3%25ACa" title="Cecchìa – corse" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cecchìa" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ehiya" title="Çehiya – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Çehiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cesko" title="Česko – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Česko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czesk%25C3%25B4_Rep%25C3%25B9blika" title="Czeskô Repùblika – kachoube" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Czeskô Repùblika" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kachoube" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D1%2594%25D1%2588%25D1%258C%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE" title="Чєшьско – slavon d’église" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Чєшьско" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavon d’église" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585_%25D0%25A0%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Чех Республики – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чех Республики" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsiecia" title="Tsiecia – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tsiecia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tjekkiet" title="Tjekkiet – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tjekkiet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechien" title="Tschechien – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tschechien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ekya" title="Çekya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Çekya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Ceska" title="Česka – bas-sorabe" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Česka" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="bas-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="चेक गणतन्त्र – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="चेक गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2597%25DE%25AC%25DE%2586%25DE%25B0_%25DE%2596%25DE%25AA%25DE%2589%25DE%25B0%25DE%2580%25DE%25AB%25DE%2583%25DE%25A8%25DE%2587%25DE%25B0%25DE%2594%25DE%25A7" title="ޗެކް ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ – maldivien" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޗެކް ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="maldivien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2585%25E0%25BD%25BA%25E0%25BD%2580%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2594%25E0%25BD%2596%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BD%2580%25E0%25BC%258B" title="ཅེཀ་རི་པབ་ལིཀ་ – dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཅེཀ་རི་པབ་ལིཀ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – éwé" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="éwé" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A4%25CF%2583%25CE%25B5%25CF%2587%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1" title="Τσεχία – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσεχία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Czech Republic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%2588e%25C4%25A5io" title="Ĉeĥio – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉeĥio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25BAblica_Checa" title="República Checa – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República Checa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C5%25A1ehhi" title="Tšehhi – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tšehhi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Txekia" title="Txekia – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Txekia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25BAbrica_Checa" title="Repúbrica Checa – estrémègne" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Repúbrica Checa" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estrémègne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C_%25DA%2586%25DA%25A9" title="جمهوری چک – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری چک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cekiya" title="Cekiya – peul" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Cekiya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="peul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recommandé"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C5%25A1ekki" title="Tšekki – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tšekki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsehhi_Vabariik" title="Tsehhi Vabariik – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tsehhi Vabariik" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekkia" title="Kekkia – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kekkia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tch%25C3%25A8quia" title="Tchèquia – francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Tchèquia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechien" title="Tschechien – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tschechien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cechie" title="Cechie – frioulan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cechie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="frioulan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjechje" title="Tsjechje – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tsjechje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSeic" title="An tSeic – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSeic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ehiya" title="Çehiya – gagaouze" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Çehiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagaouze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9piblik_tch%25C3%25A8k" title="Répiblik tchèk – créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Répiblik tchèk" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_t-Seic" title="An t-Seic – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An t-Seic" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25BAblica_Checa" title="República Checa – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República Checa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DA%25A9_%25D9%259A_%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A4%25D9%2585%25DB%258A%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A" title="چک ٚ جؤمۊري – gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="چک ٚ جؤمۊري" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25C3%25A9kia" title="Chékia – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Chékia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259D%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2595" title="झेक प्रजासत्ताक – konkani de Goa" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="झेक प्रजासत्ताक" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="konkani de Goa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258D%2584%25F0%2590%258D%2583%25F0%2590%258C%25BE%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258C%25BA%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25BB%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25BD%25F0%2590%258C%25B3" title="𐍄𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 – gotique" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍄𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%259D%25E0%25AB%2587%25E0%25AA%2595_%25E0%25AA%2597%25E0%25AA%25A3%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%259C%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25AF" title="ઝેક ગણરાજ્ય – goudjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઝેક ગણરાજ્ય" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="goudjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_%25C3%2587heck" title="Yn Çheck – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Çheck" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazech" title="Kazech – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kazech" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhia%25CC%258Dp-khiet" title="Chhia̍p-khiet – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chhia̍p-khiet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiekia" title="Tiekia – hawaïen" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Tiekia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A6%2527%25D7%259B%25D7%2599%25D7%2594" title="צ'כיה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צ'כיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF" title="चेक गणराज्य – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चेक गणराज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – hindi fidjien" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Ce%25C5%25A1ka" title="Češka – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Češka" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258C%25C4%259Bska" title="Čěska – haut-sorabe" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Čěska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="haut-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repiblik_Tch%25C3%25A8k" title="Repiblik Tchèk – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Repiblik Tchèk" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csehorsz%25C3%25A1g" title="Csehország – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csehország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2589%25D5%25A5%25D5%25AD%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1" title="Չեխիա – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Չեխիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2589%25D5%25A5%25D5%25AD%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1" title="Չեխիա – arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Չեխիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Chec" title="Republica Chec – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Republica Chec" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceko" title="Ceko – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ceko" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchekia" title="Tchekia – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Tchekia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chekia" title="Chekia – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Chekia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siakia" title="Siakia – inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Siakia" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_a_Tseka" title="Republika a Tseka – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Republika a Tseka" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chekia" title="Chekia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Chekia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25A9kkland" title="Tékkland – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tékkland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_Ceca" title="Repubblica Ceca – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%2581%25E3%2582%25A7%25E3%2582%25B3" title="チェコ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チェコ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chek_Ripoblik" title="Chek Ripoblik – créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Chek Ripoblik" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tcesk.zei_gubyseltru" title="tcesk.zei gubyseltru – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tcesk.zei gubyseltru" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9publik_C%25C3%25A9ko" title="Républik Céko – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Républik Céko" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A9%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598" title="ჩეხეთი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩეხეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chexiya" title="Chexiya – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Chexiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cik" title="Čik – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Čik" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258D" title="Чехиэ – kabarde" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Чехиэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C9%259B%25C9%259Bk%25C9%25A9" title="Cɛɛkɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Cɛɛkɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%25CC%25B1pobi%25CC%25B1lik_Cek" title="Ri̱pobi̱lik Cek – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ri̱pobi̱lik Cek" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9publique_tch%25C3%25A8que" title="République tchèque – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="République tchèque" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%2586%25E1%259F%2582%25E1%259E%2580" title="ឆែក – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ឆែក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B3%2586%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B3%258D_%25E0%25B2%2597%25E0%25B2%25A3%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AF" title="ಜೆಕ್ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೆಕ್ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25B2%25B4%25EC%25BD%2594" title="체코 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="체코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE" title="Ческо – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ческо" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – karatchaï balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatchaï balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ekya" title="Çekya – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Çekya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow_Chek" title="Pow Chek – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pow Chek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cechia" title="Cechia – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cechia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repuvlika_Cheka" title="Repuvlika Cheka – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Repuvlika Cheka" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechesch_Republik" title="Tschechesch Republik – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tschechesch Republik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – lezghien" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Txesco" title="Txesco – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Txesco" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjechi%25C3%25AB" title="Tsjechië – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Tsjechië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubbrica_Ceca" title="Repubbrica Ceca – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Repubbrica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Ceca" title="Republica Ceca – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Republica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cechia" title="Cechia – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cechia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekia" title="Shekia – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Shekia" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%259B%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%2597%25E0%25BA%2594%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%258A%25E0%25BA%25B1%25E0%25BA%2581%25E0%25BA%2581%25E0%25BA%25B5" title="ປະເທດເຊັກກີ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດເຊັກກີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cekija" title="Čekija – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Čekija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cekeja" title="Čekeja – latgalien" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Čekeja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="latgalien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cehija" title="Čehija – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Čehija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceko" title="Ceko – madurais" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Ceko" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceko" title="Ceko – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ceko" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Чехмастор – mokcha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Чехмастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsekia" title="Tsekia – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsekia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="Чехий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Чехий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C4%25ABekia" title="Tīekia – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tīekia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceko" title="Ceko – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ceko" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2588%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Чешка – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Чешка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%259A%25E0%25B5%2586%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D_%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B4%25AC%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D" title="ചെക്ക് റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചെക്ക് റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585" title="Чех – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Чех" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%2593%25EA%25AF%25A6%25EA%25AF%259B_%25EA%25AF%2582%25EA%25AF%25A9%25EA%25AF%2584%25EA%25AF%25A5%25EA%25AF%259B" title="ꯓꯦꯛ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯓꯦꯛ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2595" title="चेक प्रजासत्ताक – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चेक प्रजासत्ताक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Czech" title="Republik Czech – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik Czech" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Aekja" title="Ċekja – maltais" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ċekja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25BAblica_Checa" title="República Checa – mirandais" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="República Checa" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2581%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25B9%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25B6" title="ချက်သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ချက်သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Чехия Мастор – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чехия Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DA%25A9_(%25DA%25A9%25D8%25B4%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1)" title="چک (کشور) – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="چک (کشور)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubbreca_Ceca" title="Repubbreca Ceca – napolitain" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Repubbreca Ceca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechien" title="Tschechien – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Tschechien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjechie" title="Tsjechie – bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Tsjechie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="चेक गणतन्त्र – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चेक गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="चेक गणतन्त्र – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चेक गणतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjechi%25C3%25AB" title="Tsjechië – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tsjechië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjekkia" title="Tsjekkia – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tsjekkia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjekkia" title="Tsjekkia – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tsjekkia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chekia" title="Chekia – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Chekia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tch%25C3%25A9quie" title="Tchéquie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Tchéquie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzi%25C5%2582ts%25CA%25BC%25C3%25B3%25C3%25B3z%25C3%25AD_Dine%25CA%25BC%25C3%25A9_Bik%25C3%25A9yah" title="Dziłtsʼóózí Dineʼé Bikéyah – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dziłtsʼóózí Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic – chewa" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Czech Republic" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="chewa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Ch%25C3%25A8ca" title="Republica Chèca – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Republica Chèca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Ceehii" title="Čeehii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Čeehii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheekiyaa" title="Cheekiyaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Cheekiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%259A%25E0%25AD%2587%25E0%25AC%2595%25E0%25AD%258D_%25E0%25AC%2597%25E0%25AC%25A3%25E0%25AC%25B0%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%259C%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AD%259F" title="ଚେକ୍ ଗଣରାଜ୍ୟ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଚେକ୍ ଗଣରାଜ୍ୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8" title="Чехи – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Чехи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%259A%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A9%25B1%25E0%25A8%2595_%25E0%25A8%2597%25E0%25A8%25A3%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%259C" title="ਚੈੱਕ ਗਣਰਾਜ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚੈੱਕ ਗਣਰਾਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsekya" title="Tsekya – pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Tsekya" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikang_Tseku" title="Republikang Tseku – pampangan" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Republikang Tseku" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tch%25C3%25A8kie" title="Tchèkie – picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Tchèkie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschecherei" title="Tschecherei – pennsilfaanisch" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Tschecherei" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="pennsilfaanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechien" title="Tschechien – allemand palatin" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Tschechien" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="allemand palatin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595" title="चेक रिपब्लिक – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="चेक रिपब्लिक" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chekya" title="Chekya – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Chekya" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechy" title="Czechy – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czechy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25B9blica_Ceca" title="Repùblica Ceca – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Repùblica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9_%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25DA%25A9%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AC" title="چیک لوکراج – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چیک لوکراج" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A4%25CF%2583%25CE%25B5%25CF%2587%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1" title="Τσεχία – pontique" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Τσεχία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pontique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DA%25A9_%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA" title="چک جمهوریت – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="چک جمهوریت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25C3%25A9quia" title="Chéquia – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chéquia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiksuyu" title="Chiksuyu – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chiksuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechia" title="Tschechia – romanche" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Tschechia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chexiya" title="Chexiya – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Chexiya" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cehia" title="Cehia – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cehia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cehia" title="Cehia – aroumain" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Cehia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aroumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubbleche_Ceche" title="Repubbleche Ceche – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Repubbleche Ceche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE" title="Чесько – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Чесько" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cekiya" title="Cekiya – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Cekiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D" title="जेक् रिपब्लिक् – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जेक् रिपब्लिक्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B8%25D1%258D%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9%25D1%258D" title="Чиэхийэ – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Чиэхийэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25AA%25E1%25B1%25AE%25E1%25B1%25A0_%25E1%25B1%25AF%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%259A%25E1%25B1%25A1%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%259B%25E1%25B1%259A%25E1%25B1%25B1%25E1%25B1%259B%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%259A" title="ᱪᱮᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱪᱮᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25B9blica_Ceca" title="Repùblica Ceca – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Repùblica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rip%25C3%25B9bblica_Ceca" title="Ripùbblica Ceca – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ripùbblica Ceca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Czech Republic" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25D9%258A%25DA%25AA_%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7" title="چيڪ جمهوريا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="چيڪ جمهوريا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cehkkia" title="Čehkkia – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Čehkkia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Ce%25C5%25A1ka" title="Češka – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Češka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagdudant_n_Tcik" title="Tagdudant n Tcik – chleuh" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tagdudant n Tcik" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="chleuh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25B0%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2581%25B6%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2582%2585%25E1%2581%25B5%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2588" title="မိူင်းၶျႅၵ်ႈ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၶျႅၵ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25A0%25E0%25B7%2599%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%258A_%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="චෙක් ජනරජය – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="චෙක් ජනරජය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Czech Republic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cesko" title="Česko – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Česko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Ce%25C5%25A1ka" title="Češka – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Češka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripapelika_o_Sieki" title="Ripapelika o Sieki – samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Ripapelika o Sieki" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C5%25A1ekki" title="Tšekki – same d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Tšekki" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="same d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheki" title="Cheki – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Cheki" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuuriyadda_Jek" title="Jamhuuriyadda Jek – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jamhuuriyadda Jek" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_%25C3%2587eke" title="Republika Çeke – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika Çeke" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2588%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Чешка – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Чешка" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjekikondre" title="Tsjekikondre – sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Tsjekikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekhi" title="Shekhi – swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Shekhi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – sotho du Sud" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sotho du Sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschechien" title="Tschechien – saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Tschechien" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C3%25A9ko" title="Céko – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Céko" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tjeckien" title="Tjeckien – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tjeckien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucheki" title="Ucheki – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ucheki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czesko_Republika" title="Czesko Republika – silésien" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Czesko Republika" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2586%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D_%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2581" title="செக் குடியரசு – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செக் குடியரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%259A%25E0%25B1%2586%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B1%258D_%25E0%25B0%2597%25E0%25B0%25A3%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B0%2582%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%2582" title="చెక్ గణతంత్రం – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చెక్ గణతంత్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25BAblika_Xeka" title="Repúblika Xeka – tétoum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Repúblika Xeka" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tétoum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B9%2587%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B8%25A2" title="ประเทศเช็กเกีย – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศเช็กเกีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ehi%25C3%25BDa" title="Çehiýa – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Çehiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikang_Tseko" title="Republikang Tseko – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Republikang Tseko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cexij%25C9%2599" title="Cexijə – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Cexijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepupelika_Seki" title="Lepupelika Seki – tongien" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Lepupelika Seki" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sek_Ripablik" title="Sek Ripablik – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Sek Ripablik" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587ekya" title="Çekya – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çekya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Czech Republic" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Czechia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tieti" title="Tieti – tahitien" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Tieti" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="tahitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Чехия – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Чехия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DB%2590%25D8%25AE_%25D8%25AC%25DB%2587%25D9%2585%25DA%25BE%25DB%2587%25D8%25B1%25D9%2589%25D9%258A%25DB%2595%25D8%25AA%25D9%2589" title="چېخ جۇمھۇرىيەتى – ouïghour" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="چېخ جۇمھۇرىيەتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ouïghour" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Чехія – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чехія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9_%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25DB%2581%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25DB%2581" title="چیک جمہوریہ – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چیک جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chexiya" title="Chexiya – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chexiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%25C3%25B9blega_Ceca" title="Repùblega Ceca – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Repùblega Ceca" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%258Cehanma" title="Čehanma – vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Čehanma" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25A9c" title="Séc – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Séc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjechi%25C3%25AB" title="Tsjechië – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Tsjechië" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsyeg%25C3%25A4n" title="Tsyegän – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Tsyegän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchekeye" title="Tchekeye – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tchekeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czekya" title="Czekya – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Czekya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25A9ewum_Cek" title="Réewum Cek – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Réewum Cek" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258D%25B7%25E5%2585%258B" title="捷克 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="捷克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%259E%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD" title="Чехмудин Орн – kalmouk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Чехмудин Орн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmouk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A9%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25AE%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598" title="ჩეხეთი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჩეხეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2598%25D7%25A9%25D7%25A2%25D7%259B%25D7%2599%25D7%2599" title="טשעכיי – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טשעכיי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%25E1%25BA%25B9%25CC%2581k%25C3%25AC_Ol%25C3%25B3m%25C3%25ACnira" title="Tsẹ́kì Olómìnira – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tsẹ́kì Olómìnira" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciethaek" title="Ciethaek – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ciethaek" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjehhi%25C3%25AB" title="Tsjehhië – zélandais" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Tsjehhië" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zélandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258D%25B7%25E5%2585%258B" title="捷克 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="捷克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258D%25B7%25E5%2585%258B" title="捷克 – chinois littéraire" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="捷克" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chinois littéraire" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesko" title="Chesko – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chesko" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258D%25B7%25E5%2585%258B" title="捷克 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="捷克" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITsheki" title="ITsheki – zoulou" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="ITsheki" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zoulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 15 novembre 2024 à 04:40.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Le contenu est disponible sous licence <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> sauf mention contraire.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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