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lang="en"> <ul> <li><a href="/WAI/about/participating/">Get Involved</a></li> <li><a href="/WAI/about/">About W3C WAI</a></li> <li> <form action="/WAI/search/" role="search"> <div> <label for="header-search"> <span class="visuallyhidden">Search:</span> <input id="header-search" type="search" name="q" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> </label> <button class="button button-icon button-nobg button-noborder"><span><svg focusable="false" aria-label="Submit Search" class="icon-search "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-search"></use></svg></span></button> </div> </form> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </header><nav class="mainnav" aria-label="Main" lang="en"><ul><li><a lang="en" href="/WAI/fundamentals/"><span>Accessibility Fundamentals</span></a></li><li><a lang="en" href="/WAI/planning/"><span>Planning & Policies</span></a></li><li><a lang="en" href="/WAI/design-develop/"><span>Design & Develop</span></a></li><li><a lang="en" href="/WAI/test-evaluate/"><span>Test & 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lang="en" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/w3c-process/" class="page-link"><span>W3C Process for Developing Standards</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/linking/" class="page-link"><span>Referencing and Linking to Standards</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/cognitive/" class="page-link"><span>Cognitive Accessibility at W3C</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/" aria-current="page" class="page-link"><span>Mobile Accessibility at W3C</span></a></li></ul></nav><nav class="sidenav-languages" aria-labelledby="languagehead"> <header id="languagehead">Languages/Translations</header> <ul class="langlist"> <li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><strong style="text-transform: capitalize;">English (original)</strong></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/ar" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="ar">العربية</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/cs" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="cs">čeština</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/es" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="es">español</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/fr" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="fr">français</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/id" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/ko" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="ko">한국어</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/ru" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="ru">русский язык</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/zh-hans" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="zh-hans">简体中文</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/WAI/translations/">All Translations</a></p> <p><a href="/WAI/about/translating/">Translating WAI Resources</a></p> </nav> </div> <main id="main" lang="en"> <header> <h1> Mobile Accessibility at W3C </h1></header> <aside class="box box-full"><header class="box-h box-h-full"> <h2> Summary </h2></header><div class="box-i"> <ul> <li><strong>Mobile accessibility is covered in existing W3C WAI accessibility standards/guidelines</strong>. There are not separate guidelines for mobile accessibility.</li> <li>W3C is developing updated requirements and more specific guidance on mobile accessibility.</li> <li><strong>WAI’s <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/mobile-a11y-tf/">Mobile Accessibility Task Force</a> work includes:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-accessibility-mapping/">Mobile Accessibility: How WCAG 2.0 and Other W3C/WAI Guidelines Apply to Mobile</a></li> <li>WCAG 2 success criteria and techniques</li> <li>Integrating mobile accessibility in future W3C standards</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></aside> <nav class="box box-simple" aria-labelledby="tocheading" id="toc"> <header id="tocheading" class="box-h box-h-simple"> Page Contents</header> <div class="box-i"> <ul id="markdown-toc"> <li><a href="#intro" id="markdown-toc-intro">More than “Mobile”</a></li> <li><a href="#covered" id="markdown-toc-covered">W3C WAI Addresses Mobile Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="#updates" id="markdown-toc-updates">Get Updates</a></li> <li><a href="#involved" id="markdown-toc-involved">Get Involved</a></li> <li><a href="#about" id="markdown-toc-about">About W3C and WAI</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <h2 id="intro">More than “Mobile”</h2> <p>“Mobile accessibility” refers to making websites and applications more accessible to people with disabilities when they are using mobile phones and other devices. WAI’s work in this area addresses accessibility issues of people using a broad range of devices to interact with the web, including:</p> <ul> <li>phones and tablets</li> <li>digital TVs</li> <li>wearables such as smart watches</li> <li>devices in car dashboards and airplane seatbacks</li> <li>devices in household appliances</li> <li>other “Internet of Things”</li> </ul> <p>It addresses a wide range of issues:</p> <ul> <li>touchscreens</li> <li>small screen sizes</li> <li>different input modalities, including speech and 3D touch enabled by pressure sensors</li> <li>device use in different settings, such as bright sunlight</li> <li>and more</li> </ul> <h2 id="covered">W3C WAI Addresses Mobile Accessibility</h2> <p><strong>WAI’s accessibility standards address mobile accessibility</strong>:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Web Content</strong> Accessibility Guidelines (<a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/">WCAG</a>) covers web pages and web applications, including content used on mobile devices. <ul> <li>To learn how WCAG 2 can be applied to mobile web content, mobile web apps, native apps, and hybrid apps using web components inside native apps, see <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-accessibility-mapping/">Mobile Accessibility: How WCAG 2.0 and Other W3C/WAI Guidelines Apply to Mobile</a>.</li> <li>A more general resource that also includes mobile apps is <a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/non-web-ict/">WCAG2ICT: Applying WCAG 2 to Non-Web Information and Communications Technologies</a>.</li> <li>New requirements (“success criteria”) addressing mobile accessibility were added to WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2. They are introduced in <a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/new-in-21/">What’s New in WCAG 2.1</a> and <a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/new-in-22/">What’s New in WCAG 2.2</a>.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>User Agent</strong> Accessibility Guidelines (<a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/uaag/">UAAG</a>) covers web browsers and other “user agents”, including mobile browsers. <ul> <li>For examples of how web browsers that follow UAAG benefit people with disabilities using the Web on mobile devices, see <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/IMPLEMENTING-UAAG20/mobile">Mobile Accessibility Examples from UAAG</a>.</li> <li>For those wanting to explore the issues more, see <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/UA/work/wiki/Applying_UAAG_to_Mobile_Phones">Applying UAAG to Mobile Phones</a>.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>Authoring Tool</strong> Accessibility Guideline (<a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/atag/">ATAG</a>) covers software used to create web pages and applications, including for mobile.</li> <li><strong><a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/aria/">WAI-ARIA</a></strong> (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) defines ways to make web content more accessible, especially dynamic content and advanced user interface controls. It applies to web applications and to accessing websites with mobile devices.</li> </ul> <p><strong>W3C addresses mobile accessibility.</strong> WAI ensures that the core W3C technologies support accessibility, including those that are essential for the mobile web. All W3C work is reviewed for accessibility by WAI’s Accessible Platform Architectures Working Group (<a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/APA/">APA</a>).</p> <p>W3C work on mobile includes <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mwabp/">Mobile Web Application Best Practices</a> and <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-bp/">Mobile Web Best Practices</a>. For a summary of technologies developed in W3C that increase the capabilities of web applications and how they apply specifically to the mobile context, see <a href="https://www.w3.org/Mobile/mobile-web-app-state/">Standards for Web Applications on Mobile</a>.</p> <h2 id="updates">Get Updates</h2> <p>If you would like to get notification of future work on mobile accessibility at W3C WAI, see <a href="/WAI/news/subscribe/">Get WAI News</a>.</p> <h2 id="involved">Get Involved</h2> <p>General information is available in <a href="/WAI/about/participating/">Participating in WAI</a>.</p> <p>Most of WAI’s work related to mobile accessibility is through the <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/mobile-a11y-tf/">Mobile Accessibility Task Force</a>. If you would like to be more involved in WAI’s work on mobile accessibility, please send an e-mail with information about your interests and time availability to the Task Force facilitator <a href="mailto:janjaap@abra.nl?cc=wai@w3.org,ran@w3.org,kevin@w3.org&subject=Mobile%20Accessibility%20Task%20Force%20Enquiry">Jan Jaap de Groot</a> with CC to WAI Staff (wai@w3.org).</p> <h2 id="about">About W3C and WAI</h2> <p>The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international consortium where Member organizations, a full-time staff, and the public work together to develop Web standards. W3C primarily pursues its mission through the creation of Web standards and guidelines designed to ensure long-term growth for the Web. To learn more, see <a href="https://www.w3.org/about/">About W3C</a>.</p> <p>W3C’s Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) brings together individuals and organizations from around the world to develop strategies, guidelines, and resources to help make the Web accessible to people with disabilities. To learn more, see the <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI website</a>.</p> <aside class="box box-icon box-space-above" id="helpimprove" aria-label="feedback"><header class="box-h box-h-icon box-h-space-above box-h-icon"> <svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-comments "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-comments"></use></svg> <h2> Help improve this page </h2></header><div class="box-i"><p>Please share your ideas, suggestions, or comments via e-mail to the publicly-archived list <a href="mailto:wai@w3.org?body=%5Binclude%20a%20relevant%20email%20Subject%5D%0A%0A%5Bput%20comment%20here...%5D%0A%0AI%20give%20permission%20to%20share%20this%20to%20a%20publicly-archived%20e-mail%20list.">wai@w3.org</a> or via GitHub.</p> <div class="button-group"> <a href="mailto:wai@w3.org?body=%5Binclude%20a%20relevant%20email%20Subject%5D%0A%0A%5Bput%20comment%20here...%5D%0A%0AI%20give%20permission%20to%20share%20this%20to%20a%20publicly-archived%20e-mail%20list." class="button"><span>E-mail</span></a><a href=" https://github.com/w3c/wai-website/edit/main/pages/standards-guidelines/mobile/index.md " class="button"><span>Fork & Edit on GitHub</span></a><a href="https://github.com/w3c/wai-website/issues/new?template=content-issue.yml&wai-resource-id=wai-mobile&wai-url=https://www.w3.org/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/" class="button"><span>New GitHub Issue</span></a></div></div></aside> <a class="button button-backtotop" href="#top"><span><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-arrow-up "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-arrow-up"></use></svg> Back to Top</span></a> </main> </div> <footer id="wai-site-footer" class="page-footer default-grid" aria-label="Page"> <div class="inner"><p><strong>Updated:</strong> 13 May 2024. <a href="/WAI/standards-guidelines/mobile/changelog/">Latest changes</a>.<br /> First published January 2008.</p><p><strong>Editor:</strong> <a href="https://www.w3.org/People/Shawn/">Shawn Lawton Henry</a>.</p> </div> </footer> <footer class="site-footer grid-4q" aria-label="Site"> <div class="q1-start q3-end about"> <div> <p><a class="largelink" href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/" lang="en" dir="auto" translate="no">W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)</a></p> <p>Strategies, standards, and supporting resources to make the Web accessible to people with disabilities.</p> </div> <div class="social" lang="en" dir="auto" translate="no"> <ul> <li><a href="https://w3c.social/@wai"><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-mastodon "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-mastodon"></use></svg> Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/w3c-wai/"><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-linkedin "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-linkedin"></use></svg> LinkedIn</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/feed.xml"><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-rss "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-rss"></use></svg> Feed</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCU6ljj3m1fglIPjSjs2DpRA/playlists/"><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-youtube "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-youtube"></use></svg> YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/news/subscribe/" class="button">Get News in Email</a></li> </ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="auto" translate="no"> <p>Copyright © 2024 World Wide Web Consortium (<a href="https://www.w3.org/">W3C</a><sup>®</sup>). 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