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[o]" accesskey="o"> Masuk log</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting">pelajari lebih lanjut</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y">Kontribusi</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n">Pembicaraan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Sejarah </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karakteristik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karakteristik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Karakteristik </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Karakteristik </button> <ul id="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sifat_fisik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sifat_fisik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Sifat fisik </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sifat_fisik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Isotop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Senyawa </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Senyawa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Senyawa </button> <ul id="toc-Senyawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oksida,_nitrida,_karbida,_sulfida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oksida,_nitrida,_karbida,_sulfida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Oksida, nitrida, karbida, sulfida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oksida,_nitrida,_karbida,_sulfida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Halida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Halida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa_organotantalum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa_organotantalum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Senyawa organotantalum </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senyawa_organotantalum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keterjadian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keterjadian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Keterjadian </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keterjadian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_sebagai_sumber_daya_konflik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_sebagai_sumber_daya_konflik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Status sebagai sumber daya konflik </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_sebagai_sumber_daya_konflik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produksi_dan_fabrikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produksi_dan_fabrikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Produksi dan fabrikasi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Produksi_dan_fabrikasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Produksi dan fabrikasi </button> <ul id="toc-Produksi_dan_fabrikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pemurnian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pemurnian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Pemurnian </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pemurnian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektrolisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektrolisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Elektrolisis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektrolisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fabrikasi_dan_pengerjaan_logam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fabrikasi_dan_pengerjaan_logam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Fabrikasi dan pengerjaan logam </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fabrikasi_dan_pengerjaan_logam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Aplikasi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Aplikasi </button> <ul id="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elektronika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektronika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Elektronika </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektronika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paduan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paduan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Paduan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paduan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kegunaan_lainnya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kegunaan_lainnya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Kegunaan lainnya </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kegunaan_lainnya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masalah_lingkungan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masalah_lingkungan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Masalah lingkungan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masalah_lingkungan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pencegahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pencegahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Pencegahan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pencegahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Referensi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Pranala luar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gulingkan daftar isi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Tantalum</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 140 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-140" aria-hidden="true" > 140 bahasa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tantaal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B3%E1%88%88%E1%88%9D" title="ታንታለም – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ታንታለም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="टैंटेलम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="टैंटेलम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="تانتالوم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تانتالوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84" title="طانطال – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="طانطال" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="تانتالوم – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تانتالوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaliu" title="Tantaliu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tantaliu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantel" title="Tantel – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Tantel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tantalo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Танталь – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Танталь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (елемент) – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тантал (елемент)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="टैंटलम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="टैंटलम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ট্যানটালাম – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ট্যানটালাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཊན་ཊ་ལམ། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཊན་ཊ་ལམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalom" title="Tantalom – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tantalom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A0ntal" title="Tàntal – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tàntal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalyo" title="Tantalyo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tantalyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%86%D9%85" title="تانتالۆم – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تانتالۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaliu" title="Tantaliu – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Tantaliu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (элемент) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тантал (элемент)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalwm" title="Tantalwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tantalwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ταντάλιο – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ταντάλιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tantalo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1ntalo_(elemento)" title="Tántalo (elemento) – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tántalo (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tantaal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tantalo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="تانتالم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تانتالم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaali" title="Tantaali – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tantaali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantale_(chimie)" title="Tantale (chimie) – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tantale (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tantaal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantali" title="Tantali – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Tantali" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalam" title="Tantalam – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tantalam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1ntalo" title="Tántalo – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tántalo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%AE" title="ટેન્ટેલમ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ટેન્ટેલમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D" title="טנטלום – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טנטלום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="टैंटेलम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टैंटेलम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal_(element)" title="Tantal (element) – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tantal (element)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tant%C3%A1l" title="Tantál – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tantál" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Տանտալ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տանտալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Tantalo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tantalo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tantalio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB" title="タンタル – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タンタル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrtantalu" title="jinmrtantalu – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrtantalu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ტანტალი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტანტალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal%C9%A9" title="Tantalɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tantalɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಟಾಂಟಲಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟಾಂಟಲಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%84%ED%83%88%EB%9F%BC" title="탄탈럼 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탄탈럼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (элемент) – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Тантал (элемент)" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalom" title="Tantalom – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tantalom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Tantalio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tantalio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalas" title="Tantalas – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tantalas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantals" title="Tantals – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tantals" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Тантала – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тантала" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantala_(metaly)" title="Tantala (metaly) – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tantala (metaly)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="ടാന്റലം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടാന്റലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="टॅन्टेलम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="टॅन्टेलम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (элемент) – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Тантал (элемент)" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%9C%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="တန်တလမ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တန်တလမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (элемент) – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тантал (элемент)" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelnextictepoztli" title="Nelnextictepoztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Nelnextictepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tantaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal_(quimia)" title="Tantal (quimia) – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tantal (quimia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (элемент) – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Тантал (элемент)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AE" title="ਟੈਂਟਲਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੈਂਟਲਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal_(pierwiastek)" title="Tantal (pierwiastek) – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tantal (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantali" title="Tantali – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Tantali" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="ٹینٹالم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹینٹالم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="تانتاليوم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تانتاليوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2ntalo_(elemento_qu%C3%ADmico)" title="Tântalo (elemento químico) – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tântalo (elemento químico)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalyu" title="Tantalyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tantalyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalu" title="Tantalu – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Tantalu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (элемент) – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тантал (элемент)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="टाण्टलम – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="टाण्टलम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tant%C3%A0liu" title="Tantàliu – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Tantàliu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantaliu" title="Tantaliu – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tantaliu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalijum" title="Tantalijum – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tantalijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantali" title="Tantali – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tantali" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantali" title="Tantali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tantali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தாண்டலம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாண்டலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82" title="టాంటలం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="టాంటలం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="แทนทาลัม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แทนทาลัม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tantalo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="تانتال – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تانتال" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Тантал (хімічний елемент) – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тантал (хімічний елемент)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="ٹینٹلم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹینٹلم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal_(unsur)" title="Tantal (unsur) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tantal (unsur)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tantal" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalyo" title="Tantalyo – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tantalyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="钽" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Тантал – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Тантал" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D" title="טאנטאלום – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טאנטאלום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="钽" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%AD" title="鉭 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鉭" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tantalum" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%AD" title="鉭 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鉭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmThulumbi" title="UmThulumbi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmThulumbi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1123#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c">Halaman</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Tantalum" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t">Pembicaraan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Tantalum" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k">Perubahan terkait</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q">Halaman istimewa</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&oldid=24120770" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini">Pranala permanen</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini">Informasi halaman</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Tantalum&id=24120770&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini">Kutip halaman ini</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTantalum">Lihat URL pendek</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTantalum">Unduh kode QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Tantalum">Buat buku</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Tantalum&action=show-download-screen">Unduh versi PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p">Versi cetak</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1123" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g">Butir di Wikidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333552">.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}@media only screen and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-station{width:25.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{width:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="background:lightgray;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="float:right;display:inline;background:lightgray;font-size:150%;">73Ta</div>Tantalum</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/220px-Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/330px-Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/440px-Tantalum_single_crystal_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4937" data-file-height="2991" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Kristal tunggal dan kubus tantalum 1 cm3</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background:black"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png/220px-Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png/330px-Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png/440px-Tantalum_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a> </div><div class="infobox-caption">Garis spektrum tantalum</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat umum</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Pengucapan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">/tantalum/ </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Penampilan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">abu-abu biru</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Tantalum dalam <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">tabel periodik</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:185px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Media:Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg" title="Media:Electron shell 073 Tantalum.svg"><img alt="Perbesar gambar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg/50px-Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg/75px-Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg/100px-Electron_shell_073_Tantalum.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:140px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"> 73Ta</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0; background:#f8f8f8;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:5px"><div style="background-color:transparent; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center; border:none;"> <table style="empty-cells:hidden; border:none; padding:0; border-spacing:1px; border-collapse:separate; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">Hidrogen</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithium">Lithium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Berilium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">Boron</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">Karbon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">Oksigen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluor">Fluor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Neon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Silikon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">Fosfor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur">Sulfur</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clor (halaman belum tersedia)">Clor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Potasium" class="mw-redirect" title="Potasium">Potasium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Skandium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Titanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">Vanadium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromium">Chromium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Besi</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Nikel</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Tembaga</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallium">Gallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selen (halaman belum tersedia)">Selen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Bromin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kripton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" class="mw-redirect" title="Strontium">Strontium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Yttrium">Yttrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Zirconium">Zirconium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Niobium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" class="mw-redirect" title="Molybdenum">Molybdenum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Technetium">Technetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruthenium">Ruthenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodium">Rhodium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" class="mw-redirect" title="Palladium">Palladium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silver" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver">Silver</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadmium">Cadmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimony">Antimony</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tellurium">Tellurium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodine">Iodine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none;padding:0;"> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesium">Caesium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Barium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanthanum">Lanthanum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerium">Cerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Praseodymium">Praseodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodymium">Neodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" class="mw-redirect" title="Promethium">Promethium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Samarium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Europium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gadolinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Terbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysprosium">Dysprosium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Holmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Erbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thulium">Thulium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ytterbium">Ytterbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutetium">Lutetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hafnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tantalum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" class="mw-redirect" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhenium">Rhenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Osmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Iridium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" class="mw-redirect" title="Platinum">Platinum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold">Gold</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury (element)">Mercury (element)</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lead" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead">Lead</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bismuth">Bismuth</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Astatine">Astatine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Radon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" class="mw-redirect" title="Francium">Francium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Radium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinium">Actinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorium">Thorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Protactinium">Protactinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Neptunium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Plutonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" class="mw-redirect" title="Americium">Americium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" class="mw-redirect" title="Curium">Curium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Berkelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" class="mw-redirect" title="Californium">Californium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Einsteinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fermium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Mendelevium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">Nobelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrencium">Lawrencium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherfordium">Rutherfordium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Dubnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bohrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassium">Hassium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Meitnerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Darmstadtium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Roentgenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicium">Copernicium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nihonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Flerovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovium">Moscovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Livermorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessine">Tennessine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" class="mw-redirect" title="Oganesson">Oganesson</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> ↑ Ta ↓ <a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">hafnium</a> ← tantalum → <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">wolfram</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Templat:Navbox_unsur_diperbesar" title="Templat:Navbox unsur diperbesar">Lihat bagan navigasi yang diperbesar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">Nomor atom</a> (Z)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">73</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Golongan_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golongan (tabel periodik)">Golongan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">golongan 5</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">Periode</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)#Periode_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">periode 6</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Blok_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok (tabel periodik)">Blok</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Blok-d" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-d">blok-d</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nama_kategori_unsur_kimia#Kategori" title="Nama kategori unsur kimia">Kategori unsur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">  <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Berat_atom_standar" class="mw-redirect" title="Berat atom standar">Berat atom standar</a> (Ar)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>180,94788±0,00002</li><li>180,95±0,01 (diringkas)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konfigurasi_elektron" title="Konfigurasi elektron">Konfigurasi elektron</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">[<a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a>] 4f14 5d3 6s2 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kelopak_elektron" title="Kelopak elektron">Elektron per kelopak</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat fisik</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Fase_benda" title="Fase benda">Fase</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Temperatur_dan_tekanan_standar" title="Temperatur dan tekanan standar">STS</a> (0 °C dan 101,325 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(satuan)" title="Pascal (satuan)">kPa</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Padat" title="Padat">padat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur">Titik lebur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">3290 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (3017 °C, 5463 °F) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_didih" title="Titik didih">Titik didih</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">5731 K (5458 °C, 9856 °F) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Massa_jenis" title="Massa jenis">Kepadatan</a> mendekati <a href="/wiki/Suhu_kamar" title="Suhu kamar">s.k.</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">16,69 g/cm3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">saat cair, pada <abbr title="titik lebur">t.l.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">15 g/cm3 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kalor_peleburan" title="Kalor peleburan">Kalor peleburan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">36,57 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mol" title="Joule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Entalpi_penguapan" title="Entalpi penguapan">Kalor penguapan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">753 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kapasitas_kalor" title="Kapasitas kalor">Kapasitas kalor molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">25,36 J/(mol·K) </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Tekanan_uap" title="Tekanan uap">Tekanan uap</a><div style="margin:0 auto;"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><abbr title="Suhu (Pascal)">P</abbr> (Pa) </th> <th>1 </th> <th>10 </th> <th>100 </th> <th>1 k </th> <th>10 k </th> <th>100 k </th></tr> <tr> <th>pada <abbr title="Suhu (Kelvin)">T</abbr> (K) </th> <td>3297 </td> <td>3597 </td> <td>3957 </td> <td>4395 </td> <td>4939 </td> <td>5634 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat atom</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Bilangan_oksidasi" title="Bilangan oksidasi">Bilangan oksidasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (oksida agak <a href="/wiki/Asam" title="Asam">asam</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativitas" title="Elektronegativitas">Elektronegativitas</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">Skala Pauling: 1,5 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Energi_ionisasi" title="Energi ionisasi">Energi ionisasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">ke-1: 761 kJ/mol ke-2: 1500 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_atom" title="Jari-jari atom">Jari-jari atom</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">empiris: 146 <a href="/wiki/Pikometer" title="Pikometer">pm</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_kovalen" title="Jari-jari kovalen">Jari-jari kovalen</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">170±8 pm </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Lain-lain</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Kelimpahan alami</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Nuklida_primordial" title="Nuklida primordial">primordial</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Struktur_kristal" title="Struktur kristal">Struktur kristal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_kubus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem kristal kubus">kubus berpusat badan</a> (bcc)<a href="#cite_note-crystal_structure-1">[1]</a><div style="float:right;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cubic-body-centered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Struktur kristal Body-centered cubic untuk tantalum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/50px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/75px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/100px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="109" data-file-height="127" /></a></div> α-Ta</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Struktur kristal</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_kristal_tetragon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem kristal tetragon (halaman belum tersedia)">tetragon</a><a href="#cite_note-crystal_structure-1">[1]</a><div style="float:right;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tetragonal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Struktur kristal Tetragonal untuk tantalum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Tetragonal.svg/50px-Tetragonal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Tetragonal.svg/75px-Tetragonal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Tetragonal.svg/100px-Tetragonal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="165" /></a></div> β-Ta</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kecepatan_suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kecepatan suara">Kecepatan suara</a> batang ringan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">3400 m/s (suhu 20 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Pemuaian" title="Pemuaian">Ekspansi kalor</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">6,3 µm/(m·K) (suhu 25 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konduktivitas_termal" title="Konduktivitas termal">Konduktivitas termal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">57,5 W/(m·K) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Resistivitas_listrik" class="mw-redirect" title="Resistivitas listrik">Resistivitas listrik</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">131 nΩ·m (suhu 20 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme">Arah magnet</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Paramagnetisme" title="Paramagnetisme">paramagnetik</a><a href="#cite_note-magnet-2">[2]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Suseptibilitas_magnetik" title="Suseptibilitas magnetik">Suseptibilitas magnetik molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">+154,0×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_Young" title="Modulus Young">Modulus Young</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">186 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_geser" title="Modulus geser">Modulus Shear</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">69 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_kompresi" title="Modulus kompresi">Modulus curah</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">200 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Rasio_Poisson" title="Rasio Poisson">Rasio Poisson</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">0,34 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Skala_Mohs" title="Skala Mohs">Skala Mohs</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">6,5 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Uji_kekerasan_Vickers" title="Uji kekerasan Vickers">Skala Vickers</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">870–1200 MPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Uji_kekerasan_Brinell" title="Uji kekerasan Brinell">Skala Brinell</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">440–3430 MPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_CAS" title="Nomor CAS">Nomor CAS</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">7440-25-7 </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sejarah</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Penemuan_unsur_kimia" title="Penemuan unsur kimia">Penemuan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anders_Gustaf_Ekeberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anders Gustaf Ekeberg (halaman belum tersedia)">Anders G. Ekeberg</a> (1802)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Diketahui sebagai <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> yang berbeda oleh</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Rose (halaman belum tersedia)">H. Rose</a> (1844)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_tantalum" title="Isotop tantalum">Isotop tantalum</a> yang utama</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="1" style="text-align:center;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotop</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kelimpahan_alami" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelimpahan alami">Kelimpahan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">Waktu paruh</a> (t1/2) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif#Mode_peluruhan" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">Mode peluruhan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Produk_peluruhan" title="Produk peluruhan">Produk</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">177Ta </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Radioisotop_sintetis" title="Radioisotop sintetis">sintetis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">56,56 jam </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Penangkapan_elektron" class="mw-redirect" title="Penangkapan elektron">ε</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium-177" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafnium-177">177Hf</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">178Ta </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,36 jam </td> <td>ε </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium-178" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafnium-178">178Hf</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">179Ta </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,82 thn </td> <td>ε </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium-179" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafnium-179">179Hf</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">180Ta </th> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">sintetis </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">8,125 jam </td> <td>ε </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium-180" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafnium-180">180Hf</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">β−</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram-180" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfram-180">180W</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">180<a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir" title="Isomer nuklir">m</a>Ta </th> <td style="text-align:right">0,012% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_stabil" class="mw-redirect" title="Isotop stabil">stabil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">181Ta </th> <td style="text-align:right">99,988% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">stabil </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">182Ta </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">114,43 hri </td> <td>β− </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram-182" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfram-182">182W</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">183Ta </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,1 hri </td> <td>β− </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram-183" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfram-183">183W</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="clear:both;"></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="border-top:1px dotted #ffc0c0; line-height:0.7"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_tantalum" title="Templat:Kotak info tantalum">lihat</a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kotak_info_tantalum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kotak info tantalum (halaman belum tersedia)">bicara</a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kotak_info_tantalum&action=edit">sunting</a></li></ul></div>| <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements" class="extiw" title="en:List of data references for chemical elements">referensi</a> | <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123" class="extiw" title="d:Q1123">di Wikidata</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Tantalum adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Lambang_unsur" title="Lambang unsur">lambang</a> Ta dan <a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">nomor atom</a> 73. Sebelumnya dikenal sebagai tantalium, ia dinamai dari <a href="/wiki/Tantalos" title="Tantalos">Tantalus</a>, seorang tokoh dalam mitologi Yunani.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Tantalum adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a> berwarna biru-kelabu yang sangat keras, <a href="/wiki/Keuletan_(fisika)" title="Keuletan (fisika)">ulet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kilau_(mineralogi)" title="Kilau (mineralogi)">berkilau</a>, dan sangat tahan terhadap <a href="/wiki/Korosi" title="Korosi">korosi</a>. Ia adalah bagian dari golongan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Logam_refraktori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logam refraktori (halaman belum tersedia)">logam tahan api</a>, yang banyak digunakan sebagai komponen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paduan_super&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paduan super (halaman belum tersedia)">paduan dengan titik lebur tinggi</a> yang kuat. Ia adalah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">unsur golongan 5</a>, bersama dengan <a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">vanadium</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">niobium</a>, dan ia selalu terjadi dalam sumber geologi yang sama bersama dengan niobium yang mirip secara kimiawi, terutama dalam kelompok <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a> <a href="/wiki/Tantalit" title="Tantalit">tantalit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit">kolumbit</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koltan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koltan (halaman belum tersedia)">koltan</a>. Kelengaian kimia dan titik lebur tantalum yang sangat tinggi membuatnya berharga untuk peralatan laboratorium dan industri seperti <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_kimia" title="Reaktor kimia">bejana reaksi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tanur_vakum" title="Tanur vakum">tanur vakum</a>. Ia digunakan dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kondensator_tantalum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kondensator tantalum (halaman belum tersedia)">kapasitor tantalum</a> untuk peralatan <a href="/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika">elektronik</a> seperti <a href="/wiki/Komputer" title="Komputer">komputer</a>. Ia sedang diteliti untuk digunakan sebagai bahan resonator superkonduktor berkualitas tinggi dalam prosesor kuantum.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Tantalum dianggap sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unsur_kritis_teknologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unsur kritis teknologi (halaman belum tersedia)">unsur yang kritis terhadap teknologi</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Komisi_Eropa" title="Komisi Eropa">Komisi Eropa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum ditemukan di Swedia pada tahun 1802 oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anders_Gustaf_Ekeberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anders Gustaf Ekeberg (halaman belum tersedia)">Anders G. Ekeberg</a>, dalam dua sampel mineral – satu dari Swedia dan satu lagi dari Finlandia.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Setahun sebelumnya, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hatchett" title="Charles Hatchett">Charles Hatchett</a> telah menemukan <a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">kolumbium</a> (sekarang niobium),<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> dan pada tahun 1809 kimiawan Inggris <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hyde_Wollaston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Hyde Wollaston (halaman belum tersedia)">William H. Wollaston</a> membandingkan oksidanya, <a href="/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit">kolumbit</a> yang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Massa_jenis" title="Massa jenis">kepadatan</a> 5,918 g/cm3, dengan oksida tantalum, <a href="/wiki/Tantalit" title="Tantalit">tantalit</a> yang memiliki kepadatan 7,935 g/cm3. Dia menyimpulkan bahwa kedua oksida tersebut, terlepas dari perbedaan kepadatan terukurnya, adalah identik dan mempertahankan nama tantalum.<a href="#cite_note-Wolla-11">[11]</a> Setelah <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_W%C3%B6hler" title="Friedrich Wöhler">Friedrich Wöhler</a> membenarkan hasil ini, diperkirakan bahwa kolumbium dan tantalum adalah unsur yang sama. Kesimpulan ini diperdebatkan pada tahun 1846 oleh kimiawan Jerman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Rose (halaman belum tersedia)">Heinrich Rose</a>, yang berpendapat bahwa ada dua unsur tambahan dalam sampel tantalit, dan dia menamainya dari nama anak <a href="/wiki/Tantalos" title="Tantalos">Tantalus</a>: niobium (dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niobe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niobe (halaman belum tersedia)">Niobe</a>, dewi air mata), dan pelopium (dari <a href="/wiki/Pelops" title="Pelops">Pelops</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Pelop-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Unsur yang diduga "pelopium" kemudian diidentifikasi sebagai campuran tantalum dan niobium, dan ditemukan bahwa niobium identik dengan kolumbium yang telah ditemukan pada tahun 1801 oleh Hatchett. Perbedaan antara tantalum dan niobium didemonstrasikan secara tegas pada tahun 1864 oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Wilhelm_Blomstrand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand (halaman belum tersedia)">Christian W. Blomstrand</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ilmen-14">[14]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_%C3%89tienne_Sainte-Claire_Deville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville (halaman belum tersedia)">Henri É. Deville</a>, serta oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Joseph_Troost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Joseph Troost (halaman belum tersedia)">Louis J. Troost</a>, yang menentukan rumus empiris beberapa senyawanya pada tahun 1865.<a href="#cite_note-Ilmen-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gupta-15">[15]</a> Konfirmasi lebih lanjut datang dari kimiawan Swiss <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Charles_Galissard_de_Marignac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (halaman belum tersedia)">Jean C. de Marignac</a>,<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> pada tahun 1866, yang membuktikan bahwa hanya terdapat dua unsur. Penemuan ini tidak menghentikan para ilmuwan untuk menerbitkan artikel mengenai apa yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Ilmenium" title="Ilmenium">ilmenium</a> hingga tahun 1871.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> De Marignac adalah orang pertama yang menghasilkan bentuk metalik dari tantalum pada tahun 1864, ketika dia <a href="/wiki/Redoks" title="Redoks">mereduksi</a> tantalum klorida dengan memanaskannya dalam atmosfer <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nauti-18">[18]</a> Penyelidik awal hanya mampu menghasilkan tantalum tidak murni, dan logam tantalum ulet yang relatif murni pertama diproduksi oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_von_Bolton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner von Bolton (halaman belum tersedia)">Werner von Bolton</a> di <a href="/wiki/Berlin-Charlottenbourg" title="Berlin-Charlottenbourg">Charlottenburg</a> pada tahun 1903. Kabel yang dibuat dengan tantalum metalik digunakan untuk filamen <a href="/wiki/Pencahayaan_listrik" title="Pencahayaan listrik">bola lampu</a> hingga <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">wolfram</a> menggantikannya dalam penggunaan luas.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Nama tantalum berasal dari nama mitologis Tantalus, ayah dari Niobe dalam <a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Yunani" title="Mitologi Yunani">mitologi Yunani</a>. Dalam ceritanya, dia telah dihukum setelah mati dengan dikutuk berdiri setinggi lutut di dalam air dengan buah sempurna tumbuh di atas kepalanya, di mana keduanya akan menggoda (tantalize) dia selamanya. (Jika dia membungkuk untuk meminum airnya, airnya terkuras di bawah level yang bisa dia capai, dan jika dia meraih buahnya, cabang-cabangnya terlepas dari genggamannya.)<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Anders Ekeberg menulis "Logam ini saya sebut tantalum ... sebagian dalam kiasan ketidakmampuannya, ketika direndam dalam asam, untuk menyerap apapun dan menjadi jenuh."<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Selama beberapa dekade, teknologi komersial untuk memisahkan tantalum dari niobium melibatkan <a href="/wiki/Kristalisasi_fraksional_(kimia)" title="Kristalisasi fraksional (kimia)">kristalisasi fraksional</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium_heptafluorotantalat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalium heptafluorotantalat (halaman belum tersedia)">kalium heptafluorotantalat</a> dari kalium oksipentafluoroniobat monohidrat, sebuah proses yang ditemukan oleh Jean Charles de Marignac pada tahun 1866. Metode ini telah digantikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Ekstraksi_pelarut" title="Ekstraksi pelarut">ekstraksi pelarut</a> dari larutan tantalum yang mengandung fluorida.<a href="#cite_note-Gupta-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karakteristik">Karakteristik</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Karakteristik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Karakteristik">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sifat_fisik">Sifat fisik</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Sifat fisik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sifat fisik">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum adalah sebuah logam yang memiliki warna gelap (biru-kelabu),<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> padat, ulet, sangat keras, mudah dibuat, dan sangat konduktif terhadap panas dan listrik. Logam ini terkenal karena ketahanannya terhadap <a href="/wiki/Korosi" title="Korosi">korosi</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Asam" title="Asam">asam</a>; pada kenyataannya, pada suhu di bawah 150 °<a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">C</a> tantalum hampir sepenuhnya kebal terhadap serangan <a href="/wiki/Air_raja" title="Air raja">air raja</a> yang biasanya agresif. Ia dapat dilarutkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Asam_fluorida" title="Asam fluorida">asam fluorida</a> atau larutan asam yang mengandung ion <a href="/wiki/Fluorida" title="Fluorida">fluorida</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Belerang_trioksida" title="Belerang trioksida">belerang trioksida</a>, serta dengan larutan <a href="/wiki/Kalium_hidroksida" title="Kalium hidroksida">kalium hidroksida</a>. Titik lebur tantalum yang tinggi yaitu 3017 °C (titik didih 5458 °C) di antara semua unsur hanya terlampaui oleh <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">wolfram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">renium</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">osmium</a> untuk logam, dan <a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">karbon</a>. Tantalum eksis dalam dua fase kristal, alfa dan beta. Fase alfa relatif <a href="/wiki/Keuletan_(fisika)" title="Keuletan (fisika)">ulet</a> dan lunak; ia memiliki struktur <a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_kubik" title="Sistem kristal kubik">kubus berpusat-badan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grup_ruang" title="Grup ruang">grup ruang</a> Im3m, konstanta kisi a = 0,33058 nm), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uji_kekerasan_Knoop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uji kekerasan Knoop (halaman belum tersedia)">kekerasan Knoop</a> 200–400 HN dan resistivitas listrik 15–60 µΩ⋅cm. Fase beta keras dan rapuh; simetri kristalnya adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_kristal_tetragon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem kristal tetragon (halaman belum tersedia)">tetragon</a> (grup ruang P42/mnm, a = 1,0194 nm, c = 0,5313 nm), kekerasan Knoop 1000–1300 HN dan resistivitas listrik relatif tinggi pada 170–210 µΩ⋅cm. Fase beta bersifat metastabil dan berubah menjadi fase alfa setelah dipanaskan hingga suhu 750–775 °C. Tantalum curah hampir seluruhnya dalam fase alfa, dan fase beta biasanya eksis sebagai film tipis<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> yang diperoleh melalui sputtering magnetron, <a href="/wiki/Pengendapan_uap_kimia" title="Pengendapan uap kimia">deposisi uap kimia</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Elektrokimia" title="Elektrokimia">deposisi elektrokimia</a> dari sebuah larutan garam cair <a href="/wiki/Sistem_eutektik" title="Sistem eutektik">eutektik</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotop">Isotop</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Isotop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Isotop">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Isotop_tantalum" title="Isotop tantalum">Isotop tantalum</a></div> Tantalum alami terdiri dari dua <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotop</a>: 180mTa (0,012%) dan 181Ta (99,988%). 181Ta adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Nuklida_stabil" title="Nuklida stabil">isotop stabil</a>. 180mTa (m menunjukkan keadaan metastabil) diperkirakan meluruh dalam tiga cara: <a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir#Proses_peluruhan" title="Isomer nuklir">transisi isomeris</a> menjadi <a href="/wiki/Keadaan_dasar" title="Keadaan dasar">keadaan dasar</a> 180Ta, <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">peluruhan beta</a> menjadi 180<a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a>, atau <a href="/wiki/Tangkapan_elektron" title="Tangkapan elektron">penangkapan elektron</a> menjadi 180<a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a>. Namun, radioaktivitas <a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir" title="Isomer nuklir">isomer nuklir</a> ini belum pernah teramati, dan hanya batas bawah <a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">waktu paruhnya</a> pada 2,0 × 1016 tahun yang telah ditetapkan.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Keadaan dasar 180Ta memiliki waktu paruh hanya 8 jam. 180mTa adalah satu-satunya isomer nuklir alami (tidak termasuk nuklida berumur pendek <a href="/wiki/Nuklida_radiogenik" title="Nuklida radiogenik">radiogenik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Nuklida_kosmogenik" title="Nuklida kosmogenik">kosmogenik</a>). Ia juga merupakan isotop primordial paling langka di alam semesta, dengan mempertimbangkan kelimpahan elemental dari tantalum dan kelimpahan isotopik dari 180mTa dalam campuran alami isotop (dan sekali lagi tidak termasuk nuklida berumur pendek radiogenik dan kosmogenik).<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE-26">[26]</a> Tantalum telah diteliti secara teoretis sebagai bahan "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bom_bergaram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bom bergaram (halaman belum tersedia)">penggaraman</a>" untuk <a href="/wiki/Senjata_nuklir" title="Senjata nuklir">senjata nuklir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">kobalt</a> adalah bahan penggaraman hipotetis yang lebih dikenal). Kulit eksternal 181Ta akan diiradiasi oleh fluks neutron berenergi tinggi intensif dari senjata nuklir yang meledak hipotetis. Ini akan mengubah tantalum menjadi isotop radioaktif 182Ta, yang memiliki waktu paruh 114,4 hari dan menghasilkan <a href="/wiki/Sinar_gama" title="Sinar gama">sinar gama</a> dengan energi sekitar 1,12 juta <a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">elektron-volt</a> (MeV) masing-masing, yang secara signifikan akan meningkatkan radioaktivitas <a href="/wiki/Luruhan_nuklir" title="Luruhan nuklir">luruhan nuklir</a> dari ledakan selama beberapa bulan. Senjata "tergaram" semacam itu tidak pernah dibuat atau diuji, sejauh yang diketahui publik, dan tentunya tidak pernah digunakan sebagai senjata.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Tantalum dapat digunakan sebagai bahan target sinar proton yang dipercepat untuk produksi berbagai isotop berumur pendek termasuk 8Li, 80Rb, dan 160Yb.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senyawa">Senyawa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum membentuk senyawa dalam keadaan oksidasi −III hingga +V. Yang paling sering dijumpai adalah oksida Ta(V), yang meliputi semua mineral. Sifat kimia Ta dan Nb sangatlah mirip. Dalam media berair, Ta hanya menunjukkan keadaan oksidasi +V. Seperti niobium, tantalum hampir tidak larut dalam larutan encer <a href="/wiki/Asam_klorida" title="Asam klorida">asam klorida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">sulfat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asam_nitrat" title="Asam nitrat">nitrat</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Asam_fosfat" title="Asam fosfat">fosfat</a> karena pengendapan hidro Ta(V) oksida.<a href="#cite_note-Aguly-29">[29]</a> Dalam media basa, Ta dapat dilarutkan karena pembentukan spesies polioksontantalat.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oksida,_nitrida,_karbida,_sulfida">Oksida, nitrida, karbida, sulfida</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Oksida, nitrida, karbida, sulfida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Oksida, nitrida, karbida, sulfida">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Tantalum_pentoksida" title="Tantalum pentoksida">Tantalum pentoksida</a> (Ta2O5) adalah senyawa yang paling penting dari perspektif aplikasi. Terdapat banyak oksida tantalum dalam keadaan oksidasi yang lebih rendah, meliputi banyak <a href="/wiki/Cacat_kristalografi" title="Cacat kristalografi">struktur cacat</a>, dan sedikit dipelajari atau dicirikan dengan buruk.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Tantalat, senyawa yang mengandung [TaO4]3− atau [TaO3]− sangatlah banyak. <a href="/wiki/Litium_tantalat" title="Litium tantalat">Litium tantalat</a> (LiTaO3) mengadopsi struktur perovskit. <a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">Lantanum</a> tantalat (LaTaO4) mengandung tetrahedra TaO3−4 yang terisolasi.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-32">[32]</a> Seperti dalam kasus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Logam_refraktori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logam refraktori (halaman belum tersedia)">logam tahan api</a> lainnya, senyawa tantalum yang paling dikenal adalah nitrida dan karbida. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_karbida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum karbida (halaman belum tersedia)">Tantalum karbida</a>, TaC, seperti <a href="/wiki/Wolfram_karbida" title="Wolfram karbida">wolfram karbida</a> yang lebih umum digunakan, adalah <a href="/wiki/Keramik" title="Keramik">keramik</a> keras yang digunakan dalam alat pemotong. Tantalum(III) nitrida digunakan sebagai insulator film tipis dalam beberapa proses fabrikasi mikroelektronik.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Kalkogenida yang dipelajari paling baik adalah TaS2, sebuah <a href="/wiki/Semikonduktor" title="Semikonduktor">semikonduktor</a> berlapis, seperti yang terlihat pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalkogenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalkogenida (halaman belum tersedia)">dikalkogenida logam transisi</a> lainnya. Paduan tantalum–telurium membentuk <a href="/wiki/Kuasikristal" title="Kuasikristal">kuasikristal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Halida">Halida</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Halida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Halida">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum halida memiliki rentang keadaan oksidasi +5, +4, dan +3. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_pentafluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum pentafluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">Tantalum pentafluorida</a> (TaF5) adalah padatan putih dengan titik lebur 97,0 °C. Anion [TaF7]2- digunakan untuk pemisahannya dari niobium.<a href="#cite_note-ICE-34">[34]</a> Klorida <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum(V)_klorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum(V) klorida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaCl5</a>, yang eksis sebagai dimer, adalah reagen utama dalam sintesis senyawa Ta baru. Ia mudah terhidrolisis menjadi sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksohalida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksohalida (halaman belum tersedia)">oksiklorida</a>. Halida yang lebih rendah TaX4 dan TaX3, menampilkan ikatan Ta–Ta.<a href="#cite_note-Aguly-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senyawa_organotantalum">Senyawa organotantalum</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa organotantalum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa organotantalum">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_organotantalum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia organotantalum (halaman belum tersedia)">Senyawa organotantalum</a> termasuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentametiltantalum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentametiltantalum (halaman belum tersedia)">pentametiltantalum</a>, mencampur alkiltantalum klorida, alkiltantalum hidrida, kompleks alkilidena serta turunan siklopentadienil yang sama.<a href="#cite_note-Schrock-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Beragam garam dan turunan tersubstitusi telah dikenal dengan heksakarbonil [Ta(CO)6]− dan <a href="/wiki/Isosianida" title="Isosianida">isosianida</a> terkait. <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:DOSBIWoneRotamer.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/DOSBIWoneRotamer.png/144px-DOSBIWoneRotamer.png" decoding="async" width="144" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/DOSBIWoneRotamer.png/216px-DOSBIWoneRotamer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/DOSBIWoneRotamer.png/288px-DOSBIWoneRotamer.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1199" /></a><figcaption>Ta(CH3)5.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keterjadian">Keterjadian</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Keterjadian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keterjadian">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tantalite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tantalite.jpg/220px-Tantalite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tantalite.jpg/330px-Tantalite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tantalite.jpg/440px-Tantalite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="633" /></a><figcaption>Tantalit, <a href="/wiki/Pilbara" title="Pilbara">distrik Pilbara</a>, Australia</figcaption></figure> Tantalum diperkirakan membentuk sekitar 1 <a href="/wiki/Notasi_bagian_per#Bagian_per_juta" title="Notasi bagian per">ppm</a><a href="#cite_note-Emsley-37">[37]</a> atau 2 ppm<a href="#cite_note-Aguly-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kelimpahan_unsur_di_kerak_Bumi" title="Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi">berat kerak Bumi</a>. Terdapat banyak spesies mineral tantalum, tetapi hanya beberapa di antaranya yang sejauh ini digunakan oleh industri sebagai bahan baku: <a href="/wiki/Tantalit" title="Tantalit">tantalit</a> (rangkaian yang terdiri dari tantalit-(Fe), tantalit-(Mn) dan tantalit-(Mg)), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrolit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrolit (halaman belum tersedia)">mikrolit</a> (sekarang menjadi nama kelompok), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wodginit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wodginit (halaman belum tersedia)">wodginit</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euksenit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euksenit (halaman belum tersedia)">euksenit</a> (sebenarnya euksenit-(Y)), dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polykras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polykras (halaman belum tersedia)">polykras</a> (sebenarnya polykras-(Y)).<a href="#cite_note-mindat.org-38">[38]</a> Tantalit (<a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Fe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a>)Ta2<a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">O</a>6 adalah mineral yang paling penting untuk ekstraksi tantalum. Tantalit memiliki struktur mineral yang sama dengan <a href="/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit">kolumbit</a> (Fe, Mn) (Ta, <a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a>)2O6; ketika terdapat lebih banyak tantalum daripada niobium ia disebut tantalit dan ketika terdapat lebih banyak niobium daripada tantalum ia disebut kolumbit (atau <a href="/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit">niobit</a>). Kepadatan tinggi dari tantalit dan mineral lain yang mengandung tantalum menjadikan penggunaan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemisahan_gravitasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemisahan gravitasi (halaman belum tersedia)">pemisahan gravitasi</a> sebagai metode terbaik. Mineral lainnya meliputi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samarskit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samarskit (halaman belum tersedia)">samarskit</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fergusonit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fergusonit (halaman belum tersedia)">fergusonit</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Peta dunia abu-abu dan putih dengan Tiongkok, Australia, Brasil, dan Kongo berwarna biru masing-masing mewakili kurang dari 10% produksi tantalum dunia dan Rwanda berwarna hijau mewakili 60% produksi tantalum dunia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg/310px-World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg/465px-World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg/620px-World_Tantalum_Production_2015.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Produsen tantalum pada tahun 2015 dengan Rwanda menjadi produsen utama</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> adalah produsen utama tantalum sebelum tahun 2010-an, dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talison_Minerals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talison Minerals (halaman belum tersedia)">Global Advanced Metals</a> (sebelumnya dikenal sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talison_Minerals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talison Minerals (halaman belum tersedia)">Talison Minerals</a>) menjadi perusahaan pertambangan tantalum terbesar di negara tersebut. Mereka mengoperasikan dua tambang di Australia Barat, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenbushes,_Australia_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenbushes, Australia Barat (halaman belum tersedia)">Greenbushes</a> di barat daya dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tambang_Wodgina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tambang Wodgina (halaman belum tersedia)">Wodgina</a> di wilayah <a href="/wiki/Pilbara" title="Pilbara">Pilbara</a>. Tambang Wodgina dibuka kembali pada Januari 2011 setelah penambangan di lokasi tersebut dihentikan pada akhir 2008 karena <a href="/wiki/Krisis_finansial_2007%E2%80%932012" class="mw-redirect" title="Krisis finansial 2007–2012">krisis keuangan global</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Kurang dari setahun setelah dibuka kembali, Global Advanced Metals mengumumkan bahwa lagi-lagi karena "... permintaan tantalum yang melemah ...", dan faktor lainnya, operasi penambangan tantalum akan dihentikan pada akhir Februari 2012.<a href="#cite_note-Wodgina-tant-closed-40">[40]</a> Wodgina memproduksi konsentrat tantalum primer yang ditingkatkan lebih lanjut di operasi Greenbushes sebelum dijual ke pelanggan.<a href="#cite_note-Talison-41">[41]</a> Walaupun produsen niobium skala besar berada di <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, bijih di sana juga menghasilkan persentase tantalum yang kecil. Beberapa negara lain seperti <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Mozambik" title="Mozambik">Mozambik</a> menambang bijih dengan persentase tantalum yang lebih tinggi, dan mereka menghasilkan persentase yang signifikan dari output dunia. Tantalum juga diproduksi di <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> sebagai produk sampingan dari penambangan <a href="/wiki/Timah" title="Timah">timah</a> di sana. Selama pemisahan gravitasi bijih dari endapan plaser, tidak hanya <a href="/wiki/Kassiterit" title="Kassiterit">kassiterit</a> (SnO2) yang ditemukan, tetapi sebagian kecil tantalit juga termasuk. Terak dari peleburan timah kemudian mengandung sejumlah tantalum yang bermanfaat secara ekonomis, yang terlindi dari terak tersebut.<a href="#cite_note-Gupta-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-USGS2006-42">[42]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Peta dunia abu-abu dan putih dengan Kanada, Brasil, dan Mozambik berwarna biru yang masing-masing mewakili kurang dari 20% produksi tantalum dunia dan Australia diwarnai hijau yang mewakili 60% produksi tantalum dunia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg/310px-World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg/465px-World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg/620px-World_Tantalum_Production_2006.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Produsen tantalum pada tahun 2006 dengan Australia menjadi produsen utama</figcaption></figure> Produksi tambang tantalum dunia telah mengalami pergeseran geografis yang penting sejak awal abad ke-21 ketika produksi sebagian besar berasal dari Australia dan Brasil. Mulai tahun 2007 hingga 2014, sumber utama produksi tantalum dari tambang secara dramatis beralih ke <a href="/wiki/Republik_Demokratik_Kongo" title="Republik Demokratik Kongo">Republik Demokratik Kongo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>, dan beberapa negara Afrika lainnya.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Sumber pasokan tantalum di masa depan, dalam urutan perkiraan ukuran, sedang dieksplorasi di <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a>, Tiongkok, Mozambik, Kanada, Australia, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>, dan Brasil.<a href="#cite_note-Mining_Journal-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Diperkirakan bahwa sumber daya tantalum akan habis sekitar tahun 2060, berdasarkan ekstraksi pada tingkat saat ini, yang menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan <a href="/wiki/Daur_ulang" title="Daur ulang">daur ulang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_sebagai_sumber_daya_konflik">Status sebagai sumber daya konflik</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Status sebagai sumber daya konflik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Status sebagai sumber daya konflik">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum dianggap sebagai sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perang_sumber_daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perang sumber daya (halaman belum tersedia)">sumber daya konflik</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coltan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coltan (halaman belum tersedia)">Coltan</a>, nama industri untuk mineral <a href="/wiki/Kolumbit" title="Kolumbit">kolumbit</a>–<a href="/wiki/Tantalit" title="Tantalit">tantalit</a> dari mana niobium dan tantalum diekstraksi,<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> juga dapat ditemukan di <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Bagian_Tengah" title="Afrika Bagian Tengah">Afrika Tengah</a>, itulah sebabnya tantalum dikaitkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Perang_Kongo_Kedua" title="Perang Kongo Kedua">peperangan di Republik Demokratik Kongo</a> (sebelumnya <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>). Menurut laporan <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> tanggal 23 Oktober 2003,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> penyelundupan dan ekspor coltan telah membantu mengobarkan perang di Kongo, sebuah krisis yang mengakibatkan sekitar 5,4 juta kematian sejak 1998<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> – menjadikannya konflik terdokumentasi paling mematikan di dunia sejak <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Pertanyaan etis telah diajukan tentang perilaku perusahaan yang bertanggung jawab, hak asasi manusia, dan satwa liar yang terancam punah, karena eksploitasi sumber daya seperti coltan di wilayah konflik bersenjata di <a href="/wiki/Cekungan_Kongo" title="Cekungan Kongo">Cekungan Kongo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="/wiki/Survei_Geologi_Amerika_Serikat" title="Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat">Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat</a> melaporkan dalam buku tahunannya bahwa wilayah ini menghasilkan kurang dari 1% output tantalum dunia pada tahun 2002–2006, memuncak pada 10% pada tahun 2000 dan 2008.<a href="#cite_note-USGS2006-42">[42]</a> Data USGS yang diterbitkan pada Januari 2021 menunjukkan bahwa hampir 40% produksi tambang tantalum dunia berasal dari Republik Demokratik Kongo, dengan 18% lainnya berasal dari negara tetangganya <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produksi_dan_fabrikasi">Produksi dan fabrikasi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Produksi dan fabrikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Produksi dan fabrikasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tantalum_world_production.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tantalum_world_production.svg/220px-Tantalum_world_production.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tantalum_world_production.svg/330px-Tantalum_world_production.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tantalum_world_production.svg/440px-Tantalum_world_production.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>Tren waktu produksi tantalum hingga 2012<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></figcaption></figure> Beberapa langkah terlibat dalam ekstraksi tantalum dari tantalit. Pertama, mineral tersebut <a href="/wiki/Mesin_pemecah_batu" title="Mesin pemecah batu">dihancurkan</a> dan dipekatkan melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemisahan_gravitasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemisahan gravitasi (halaman belum tersedia)">pemisahan gravitasi</a>. Proses ini umumnya dilakukan di dekat lokasi <a href="/wiki/Pertambangan" title="Pertambangan">tambang</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pemurnian">Pemurnian</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Pemurnian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pemurnian">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Pemurnian tantalum dari bijihnya adalah salah satu proses pemisahan yang lebih menuntut dalam metalurgi industri. Masalah utamanya adalah bijih tantalum mengandung <a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">niobium</a> dalam jumlah besar, yang memiliki sifat kimia yang hampir identik dengan Ta. Sejumlah besar prosedur telah dikembangkan untuk mengatasi tantangan ini. Di zaman modern, pemisahan ini dicapai dengan <a href="/wiki/Hidrometalurgi" title="Hidrometalurgi">hidrometalurgi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Chang-56">[56]</a> Ekstraksi dimulai dengan <a href="/wiki/Pelindian_(metalurgi)" title="Pelindian (metalurgi)">pelindian</a> bijih tersebut dengan <a href="/wiki/Asam_fluorida" title="Asam fluorida">asam fluorida</a> bersama dengan <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">asam sulfat</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Asam_klorida" title="Asam klorida">asam klorida</a>. Langkah ini memungkinkan tantalum dan niobium dipisahkan dari berbagai kotoran nonlogam di dalam batu tersebut. Meskipun Ta terjadi sebagai berbagai mineral, ia mudah direpresentasikan sebagai pentoksida, karena sebagian besar oksida tantalum(V) berperilaku serupa pada kondisi ini. Persamaan yang disederhanakan untuk ekstraksinya adalah sebagai berikut: <dl><dd>Ta2O5 + 14 HF → 2 H2[TaF7] + 5 H2O</dd></dl> Reaksi yang sepenuhnya analog terjadi untuk komponen niobium, tetapi niobium heksafluorida biasanya dominan pada kondisi ekstraksi. <dl><dd>Nb2O5 + 12 HF → 2 H[NbF6] + 5 H2O</dd></dl> Kedua persamaan ini telah disederhanakan: diduga bahwa bisulfat (HSO4−) dan klorida bersaing sebagai ligan untuk ion Nb(V) dan Ta(V), ketika masing-masing menggunakan asam sulfat dan asam klorida.<a href="#cite_note-Chang-56">[56]</a> Kompleks tantalum dan niobium fluorida kemudian dihilangkan dari larutan <a href="/wiki/Larutan_berair" title="Larutan berair">berair</a> melalui <a href="/wiki/Ekstraksi_pelarut" title="Ekstraksi pelarut">ekstraksi cair–cair</a> ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Pelarut" title="Pelarut">pelarut organik</a>, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sikloheksanona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sikloheksanona (halaman belum tersedia)">sikloheksanona</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oktanol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oktanol (halaman belum tersedia)">oktanol</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metil_isobutil_keton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metil isobutil keton (halaman belum tersedia)">metil isobutil keton</a>. Prosedur sederhana ini memungkinkan penghilangan sebagian besar pengotor yang mengandung logam (misalnya besi, mangan, titanium, zirkonium), yang tetap berada dalam fase berair dalam bentuk <a href="/wiki/Fluorida" title="Fluorida">fluorida</a> dan kompleks lain mereka. Pemisahan tantalum dari niobium kemudian dicapai dengan menurunkan <a href="/wiki/Kekuatan_ion" title="Kekuatan ion">kekuatan ionik</a> campuran asam tersebut, yang menyebabkan niobium larut dalam fase berair. Diperkirakan bahwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksohalida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksohalida (halaman belum tersedia)">oksifluorida</a> H2[NbOF5] terbentuk pada kondisi ini. Setelah penghilangan niobium, larutan H2[TaF7] murni dinetralkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Amonia" title="Amonia">amonia</a> encer untuk mengendapkan tantalum oksida terhidrasi sebagai padatan, yang dapat di<a href="/wiki/Kalsinasi" title="Kalsinasi">kalsinasi</a> menjadi <a href="/wiki/Tantalum_pentoksida" title="Tantalum pentoksida">tantalum pentoksida</a> (Ta2O5).<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Alih-alih hidrolisis, H2[TaF7] dapat diolah dengan <a href="/wiki/Kalium_fluorida" title="Kalium fluorida">kalium fluorida</a> untuk menghasilkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalium_heptafluorotantalat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalium heptafluorotantalat (halaman belum tersedia)">kalium heptafluorotantalat</a>: <dl><dd>H2[TaF7] + 2 KF → K2[TaF7] + 2 HF</dd></dl> Tidak seperti H2[TaF7], garam kalium tersebut mudah dikristalisasi dan ditangani sebagai padatan. K2[TaF7] dapat diubah menjadi logam tantalum melalui <a href="/wiki/Redoks" title="Redoks">reduksi</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a>, pada suhu sekitar 800 °C dalam <a href="/wiki/Garam_cair" title="Garam cair">garam cair</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <dl><dd>K2[TaF7] + 5 Na → Ta + 5 NaF + 2 KF</dd></dl> Dalam metode yang lebih tua, yang disebut proses <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Charles_Galissard_de_Marignac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (halaman belum tersedia)">Marignac</a>, campuran H2[TaF7] dan H2[NbOF5] diubah menjadi campuran K2[TaF7] dan K2[NbOF5], yang kemudian dipisahkan melalui <a href="/wiki/Kristalisasi_fraksional_(kimia)" title="Kristalisasi fraksional (kimia)">kristalisasi fraksional</a>, memanfaatkan kelarutan air mereka yang berbeda. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elektrolisis">Elektrolisis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Elektrolisis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Elektrolisis">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum juga dapat dimurnikan melalui elektrolisis, menggunakan versi modifikasi dari <a href="/wiki/Proses_Hall%E2%80%93H%C3%A9roult" title="Proses Hall–Héroult">proses Hall–Héroult</a>. Alih-alih membutuhkan oksida input dan logam output dalam bentuk cair, elektrolisis tantalum beroperasi pada oksida bubuk noncair. Penemuan awal datang pada tahun 1997 ketika para peneliti Universitas Cambridge membenamkan sampel kecil oksida tertentu dalam bak garam cair dan mereduksi oksida itu dengan arus listrik. Katodanya menggunakan oksida logam bubuk. Anodanya terbuat dari karbon. Garam cair pada suhu 1.000 °C (1.830 °F) adalah elektrolitnya. Proses pemurnian ini memiliki kapasitas yang cukup untuk memasok 3–4% permintaan global tahunan.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fabrikasi_dan_pengerjaan_logam">Fabrikasi dan pengerjaan logam</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Fabrikasi dan pengerjaan logam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Fabrikasi dan pengerjaan logam">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Semua <a href="/wiki/Las" title="Las">pengelasan</a> tantalum harus dilakukan di dalam atmosfer <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">argon</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> yang lengai untuk melindunginya dari kontaminasi gas atmosfer. Tantalum tidak dapat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solderabilitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solderabilitas (halaman belum tersedia)">disolder</a>. Menggiling tantalum adalah hal yang sulit, terutama untuk tantalum yang <a href="/wiki/Penganilan" title="Penganilan">teranil</a>. Dalam kondisi teranil, tantalum sangatlah <a href="/wiki/Keuletan_(fisika)" title="Keuletan (fisika)">ulet</a> dan dapat dengan mudah dibentuk sebagai lembaran logam.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplikasi">Aplikasi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Aplikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aplikasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elektronika">Elektronika</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Elektronika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Elektronika">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tantal-Perle-Wiki-07-02-25-P1040364b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tantal-Perle-Wiki-07-02-25-P1040364b.jpg/170px-Tantal-Perle-Wiki-07-02-25-P1040364b.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Tantal-Perle-Wiki-07-02-25-P1040364b.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>Kapasitor elektrolit tantalum</figcaption></figure> Penggunaan utama tantalum, sebagai bubuk logam, adalah dalam produksi komponen elektronik, terutama <a href="/wiki/Kondensator" class="mw-redirect" title="Kondensator">kapasitor</a> dan beberapa <a href="/wiki/Resistor" title="Resistor">resistor</a> berdaya tinggi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kondensator_tantalum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kondensator tantalum (halaman belum tersedia)">Kapasitor elektrolit tantalum</a> memanfaatkan kecenderungan tantalum untuk membentuk lapisan permukaan <a href="/wiki/Oksida" title="Oksida">oksida</a> pelindung, menggunakan bubuk tantalum, ditekan menjadi bentuk pelet, sebagai salah satu "pelat" kapasitor, lapisan oksida sebagai <a href="/wiki/Dielektrik" title="Dielektrik">dielektrik</a>, dan larutan elektrolitik atau padatan konduktif sebagai "pelat" lainnya. Karena <a href="/wiki/Konstanta_dielektrik" title="Konstanta dielektrik">lapisan dielektrik</a> bisa sangat tipis (lebih tipis dari lapisan serupa, misalnya kapasitor elektrolitik aluminium), <a href="/wiki/Kapasitansi" title="Kapasitansi">kapasitansi</a> tinggi dapat dicapai dalam volume kecil. Karena keunggulan ukuran dan beratnya, kapasitor tantalum menarik untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telepon_nirkabel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telepon nirkabel (halaman belum tersedia)">telepon portabel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komputer_pribadi" title="Komputer pribadi">komputer pribadi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektronika_otomotif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektronika otomotif (halaman belum tersedia)">elektronika otomotif</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kamera" title="Kamera">kamera</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USGSCR08-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paduan">Paduan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Paduan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Paduan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum juga digunakan untuk menghasilkan berbagai <a href="/wiki/Logam_paduan" title="Logam paduan">paduan</a> yang memiliki titik lebur, kekuatan, dan keuletan yang tinggi. Dipadukan dengan logam lain, ia juga digunakan dalam pembuatan alat karbida untuk peralatan pengerjaan logam dan dalam produksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paduan_super&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paduan super (halaman belum tersedia)">paduan super</a> untuk komponen mesin jet, peralatan proses kimia, <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_nuklir" title="Reaktor nuklir">reaktor nuklir</a>, bagian misil, penukar panas, tangki, dan bejana.<a href="#cite_note-USGSCR08-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Karena keuletannya, tantalum dapat ditarik menjadi kawat atau filamen halus, yang digunakan untuk menguapkan logam seperti <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a>. Karena tahan terhadap serangan cairan tubuh dan tidak mengiritasi, tantalum banyak digunakan dalam pembuatan instrumen bedah dan implan. Misalnya, pelapis tantalum berpori digunakan dalam konstruksi implan ortopedi karena kemampuan tantalum untuk membentuk ikatan langsung dengan jaringan keras.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Tantalum bersifat lengai terhadap kebanyakan asam kecuali <a href="/wiki/Asam_fluorida" title="Asam fluorida">asam fluorida</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">asam sulfat</a> panas, serta larutan <a href="/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali">alkalin</a> panas juga dapat menyebabkan korosi pada tantalum. Sifat ini menjadikannya logam yang berguna untuk bejana reaksi kimia dan pipa untuk cairan korosif. Kumparan penukar panas untuk pemanasan uap asam klorida dibuat dari tantalum.<a href="#cite_note-Balke-65">[65]</a> Tantalum banyak digunakan dalam produksi <a href="/wiki/Tabung_elektron" title="Tabung elektron">tabung elektron</a> <a href="/wiki/Frekuensi_ultra_tinggi" title="Frekuensi ultra tinggi">frekuensi ultra tinggi</a> untuk pemancar radio. Tantalum mampu menangkap oksigen dan nitrogen dengan membentuk nitrida dan oksida dan oleh karena itu membantu mempertahankan vakum tinggi yang dibutuhkan untuk tabung tersebut saat digunakan untuk bagian internal seperti kisi dan pelat.<a href="#cite_note-ICE-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-Balke-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kegunaan_lainnya">Kegunaan lainnya</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Kegunaan lainnya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kegunaan lainnya">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tantalio.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tantalio.png/320px-Tantalio.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tantalio.png/480px-Tantalio.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tantalio.png/640px-Tantalio.png 2x" data-file-width="1219" data-file-height="604" /></a><figcaption>Koin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koin_bi-logam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koin bi-logam (halaman belum tersedia)">bilogam</a> yang dicetak oleh Bank of <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> dengan cincin perak dan pusat tantalum. Keduanya menampilkan <a href="/wiki/Proyek_Percobaan_Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz" title="Proyek Percobaan Apollo–Soyuz">Apollo–Soyuz</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Stasiun_Luar_Angkasa_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional">Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional</a></figcaption></figure> Tantalum digunakan oleh NASA untuk melindungi komponen wahana antariksa, seperti <a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a>, dari radiasi.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Titik lebur dan ketahanan oksidasinya yang tinggi menyebabkan penggunaan logam ini dalam produksi bagian <a href="/wiki/Tanur_vakum" title="Tanur vakum">tanur vakum</a>. Tantalum sangat bersifat lengai dan oleh karena itu dibentuk menjadi berbagai bagian tahan korosi, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Termowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termowel (halaman belum tersedia)">termowel</a>, badan katup, dan pengencang tantalum. Karena kepadatannya yang tinggi, lapisan <a href="/wiki/Peledak_terarah" title="Peledak terarah">peledak terarah</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penetrator_yang_terbentuk_secara_eksplosif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penetrator yang terbentuk secara eksplosif (halaman belum tersedia)">penetrator yang terbentuk secara eksplosif</a> telah dibuat dari tantalum.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Tantalum sangat meningkatkan kemampuan penetrasi lapis baja dari peledak terarah karena kepadatannya yang tinggi dan titik leburnya yang tinggi.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Ia juga kadang-kadang digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Jam_tangan" title="Jam tangan">jam tangan</a> berharga, misalnya dari <a href="/wiki/Audemars_Piguet" title="Audemars Piguet">Audemars Piguet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=F._P._Journe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F. P. Journe (halaman belum tersedia)">F.P. Journe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hublot" title="Hublot">Hublot</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Montblanc_(perusahan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montblanc (perusahan) (halaman belum tersedia)">Montblanc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Omega_SA" title="Omega SA">Omega</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panerai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panerai (halaman belum tersedia)">Panerai</a>. Peneliti medis Gerald L. Burke pertama kali mengamati pada tahun 1940 bahwa tantalum juga sangat lengai secara biologis dan dapat digunakan dengan aman sebagai bahan implan ortopedi.<a href="#cite_note-Gerald_L._Burke_1940-70">[70]</a> Kekakuan tantalum yang tinggi membuatnya perlu untuk digunakan sebagai busa atau perancah yang sangat berpori dengan kekakuan yang lebih rendah untuk implan pengganti pinggul untuk menghindari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelindung_stres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelindung stres (halaman belum tersedia)">pelindung stres</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Karena tantalum adalah logam nonfero dan nonmagnetik, implan ini dianggap dapat diterima oleh pasien yang menjalani prosedur MRI.<a href="#cite_note-PaganiasTsakotos2012-72">[72]</a> Oksidanya digunakan untuk membuat <a href="/wiki/Kaca" title="Kaca">kaca</a> <a href="/wiki/Indeks_bias" title="Indeks bias">indeks bias</a> tinggi khusus untuk lensa <a href="/wiki/Kamera" title="Kamera">kamera</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Masalah_lingkungan">Masalah lingkungan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Masalah lingkungan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Masalah lingkungan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Tantalum mendapat perhatian jauh lebih sedikit di bidang lingkungan daripada di geosains lainnya. Konsentrasi Kerak Atas (UCC) serta rasio Nb/Ta di kerak atas dan mineral tersedia karena pengukuran ini berguna sebagai alat geokimia.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Nilai terbaru untuk konsentrasi kerak atas adalah 0,92 ppm, dan rasio Nb/Ta(w/w) adalah 12,7.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Sedikit data yang tersedia pada konsentrasi tantalum dalam kompartemen lingkungan yang berbeda, terutama di perairan alami di mana perkiraan konsentrasi tantalum ‘terlarut’ dalam air laut dan air tawar yang dapat diandalkan bahkan belum diproduksi.<a href="#cite_note-:0-76">[76]</a> Beberapa nilai mengenai konsentrasi terlarut di lautan telah dipublikasikan, tetapi mereka saling bertentangan. Nilai di air tawar sedikit lebih baik, tetapi, dalam semua kasus, mungkin di bawah 1 ng L−1, karena konsentrasi ‘terlarut’ di perairan alami jauh di bawah kemampuan analitik terkini.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Analisis memerlukan prosedur prakonsentrasi yang, untuk saat ini, tidak memberikan hasil yang konsisten. Dan bagaimanapun, tantalum tampaknya hadir di perairan alami sebagian besar sebagai partikel alih-alih terlarut.<a href="#cite_note-:0-76">[76]</a> Nilai konsentrasi dalam tanah, sedimen dasar dan aerosol atmosfer lebih mudah diperoleh.<a href="#cite_note-:0-76">[76]</a> Nilai dalam tanah mendekati 1 ppm dan dengan demikian pula nilai UCC. Ini menunjukkan asal detrital. Untuk aerosol atmosfer, nilai yang tersedia tersebar dan terbatas. Ketika pengayaan tantalum teramati, itu mungkin dikarenakan hilangnya lebih banyak unsur yang larut dalam air dalam aerosol di awan.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Polusi yang terkait dengan penggunaan unsur ini oleh manusia belum terdeteksi.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Tantalum tampaknya merupakan unsur yang sangat konservatif dalam istilah biogeokimia, namun siklus dan reaktivitasnya masih belum sepenuhnya dipahami. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pencegahan">Pencegahan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Pencegahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pencegahan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Senyawa yang mengandung tantalum jarang ditemui di laboratorium. Logam ini sangat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biokompatibilitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biokompatibilitas (halaman belum tersedia)">biokompatibel</a><a href="#cite_note-Gerald_L._Burke_1940-70">[70]</a> dan digunakan untuk <a href="/wiki/Implan" title="Implan">implan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pelapisan" title="Pelapisan">pelapis</a> tubuh, oleh karena itu perhatian dapat difokuskan pada unsur lain atau sifat fisik dari <a href="/wiki/Senyawa_kimia" title="Senyawa kimia">senyawa kimianya</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Seseorang dapat terpapar tantalum di tempat kerja dengan menghirupnya, menelannya, serta melalui kontak kulit dan kontak mata. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Administrasi_Keselamatan_dan_Kesehatan_Kerja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administrasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (halaman belum tersedia)">Administrasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja</a> (OSHA) telah menetapkan batas legal (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_paparan_diizinkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas paparan diizinkan (halaman belum tersedia)">batas paparan yang diizinkan</a>) untuk paparan tantalum di tempat kerja sebesar 5 mg/m3 selama 8 jam hari kerja. <a href="/wiki/Institut_Nasional_untuk_Keselamatan_dan_Kesehatan_Kerja" title="Institut Nasional untuk Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja">Institut Nasional untuk Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja</a> (NIOSH) telah menetapkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_paparan_direkomendasikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas paparan direkomendasikan (halaman belum tersedia)">batas paparan yang direkomendasikan</a> (REL) sebesar 5 mg/m3 selama 8 jam hari kerja dan batas jangka pendek sebesar 10 mg/m3. Pada kadar 2500 mg/m3, debu tantalum <a href="/w/index.php?title=IDLH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IDLH (halaman belum tersedia)">langsung berbahaya bagi kehidupan dan kesehatan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-crystal_structure-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crystal_structure_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-crystal_structure_1-1">b</a> <cite class="citation journal">Moseley, P. T.; Seabrook, C. J. (1973). "The crystal structure of β-tantalum". Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 29 (5): 1170–1171. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107%2FS0567740873004140">10.1107/S0567740873004140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Crystallographica+Section+B%3A+Structural+Crystallography+and+Crystal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+crystal+structure+of+%CE%B2-tantalum&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1170-1171&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1107%2FS0567740873004140&rft.aulast=Moseley&rft.aufirst=P.+T.&rft.au=Seabrook%2C+C.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-magnet-2"><a href="#cite_ref-magnet_2-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lide, D. 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Critical Raw Materials for the EU. Report of the Ad-hoc Working Group on Defining Critical Raw Materials"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Komisi_Eropa" title="Komisi Eropa">European Commission</a>. 29 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Commission&rft.atitle=European+Commission+%282010%29.+Critical+Raw+Materials+for+the+EU.+Report+of+the+Ad-hoc+Working+Group+on+Defining+Critical+Raw+Materials.&rft.date=2015-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fdocsroom%2Fdocuments%2F10010%2Fattachments%2F1%2Ftranslations%2Fen%2Frenditions%2Fpdf%26ved%3D2ahUKEwj42bKXoNDxAhWSXc0KHTmqAa4QFjAAegQIBhAC%26usg%3DAOvVaw0wJWTi1phbJWSxhMT_1dnG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Ekeberg, Anders (1802). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/15589#page/265/mode/1up">"Of the Properties of the Earth Yttria, compared with those of Glucine; of Fossils, in which the first of these Earths in contained; and of the Discovery of a metallic Nature (Tantalium)"</a>. Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts. 3: 251–255.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Natural+Philosophy%2C+Chemistry%2C+and+the+Arts&rft.atitle=Of+the+Properties+of+the+Earth+Yttria%2C+compared+with+those+of+Glucine%3B+of+Fossils%2C+in+which+the+first+of+these+Earths+in+contained%3B+and+of+the+Discovery+of+a+metallic+Nature+%28Tantalium%29&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=251-255&rft.date=1802&rft.aulast=Ekeberg&rft.aufirst=Anders&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fitem%2F15589%23page%2F265%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Ekeberg, Anders (1802). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kungligasvenskav2231kung">"Uplysning om Ytterjorden egenskaper, i synnerhet i aemforelse med Berylljorden:om de Fossilier, havari förstnemnde jord innehales, samt om en ny uptäckt kropp af metallik natur"</a>. 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Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 57 (3): 299–316. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsnr.2003.0216">10.1098/rsnr.2003.0216</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3557720">3557720</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notes+and+Records+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.atitle=Charles+Hatchett+FRS+%281765%E2%80%931847%29%2C+Chemist+and+Discoverer+of+Niobium&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=299-316&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsnr.2003.0216&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3557720&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=William+P.&rft.au=Morris%2C+Peter+J.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Wolla-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Wolla_11-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hyde_Wollaston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Hyde Wollaston (halaman belum tersedia)">Wollaston, William Hyde</a> (1809). "On the Identity of Columbium and Tantalum". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 246–252. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstl.1809.0017">10.1098/rstl.1809.0017</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/107264">107264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.atitle=On+the+Identity+of+Columbium+and+Tantalum&rft.volume=99&rft.pages=246-252&rft.date=1809&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstl.1809.0017&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F107264&rft.aulast=Wollaston&rft.aufirst=William+Hyde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Pelop-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Pelop_12-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Rose (halaman belum tersedia)">Rose, Heinrich</a> (1844). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k15148n/f327.table">"Ueber die Zusammensetzung der Tantalite und ein im Tantalite von Baiern enthaltenes neues Metall"</a>. Annalen der Physik (dalam bahasa Jerman). 139 (10): 317–341. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1844AnP...139..317R">1844AnP...139..317R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fandp.18441391006">10.1002/andp.18441391006</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annalen+der+Physik&rft.atitle=Ueber+die+Zusammensetzung+der+Tantalite+und+ein+im+Tantalite+von+Baiern+enthaltenes+neues+Metall&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=317-341&rft.date=1844&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fandp.18441391006&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1844AnP...139..317R&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Heinrich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k15148n%2Ff327.table&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Rose (halaman belum tersedia)">Rose, Heinrich</a> (1847). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k15155x/f586.table">"Ueber die Säure im Columbit von Nordamérika"</a>. Annalen der Physik (dalam bahasa Jerman). 146 (4): 572–577. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1847AnP...146..572R">1847AnP...146..572R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fandp.18471460410">10.1002/andp.18471460410</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annalen+der+Physik&rft.atitle=Ueber+die+S%C3%A4ure+im+Columbit+von+Nordam%C3%A9rika&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=572-577&rft.date=1847&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fandp.18471460410&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1847AnP...146..572R&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Heinrich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k15155x%2Ff586.table&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Ilmen-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ilmen_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ilmen_14-1">b</a> <cite class="citation journal">Marignac, Blomstrand; H. 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Journal für Praktische Chemie (dalam bahasa Jerman). 3 (1): 373–427. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fprac.18710030137">10.1002/prac.18710030137</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+f%C3%BCr+Praktische+Chemie&rft.atitle=Fortgesetzte+Untersuchungen+%C3%BCber+die+Verbindungen+von+Ilmenium+und+Niobium%2C+sowie+%C3%BCber+die+Zusammensetzung+der+Niobmineralien+%28Penelitian+lebih+lanjut+mengenai+senyawa+ilmenium+dan+niobium%2C+serta+komposisi+mineral+niobium%29&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=373-427&rft.date=1871&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fprac.18710030137&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1427850&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nauti-18"><a href="#cite_ref-nauti_18-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071210032159/http://nautilus.fis.uc.pt/st2.5/scenes-e/elem/e04100.html">"Niobium"</a>. Universidade de Coimbra. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nautilus.fis.uc.pt/st2.5/scenes-e/elem/e04100.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 10 Desember 2007. Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Niobium&rft.pub=Universidade+de+Coimbra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnautilus.fis.uc.pt%2Fst2.5%2Fscenes-e%2Felem%2Fe04100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Bowers, B. (2001). "Scanning Our Past from London The Filament Lamp and New Materials". Proceedings of the IEEE. 89 (3): 413. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2F5.915382">10.1109/5.915382</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+IEEE&rft.atitle=Scanning+Our+Past+from+London+The+Filament+Lamp+and+New+Materials&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=413&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2F5.915382&rft.au=Bowers%2C+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lempriere, John (1887). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lemprieresclassi00lemp_0">Lempriere's Classical Dictionary</a>. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lemprieresclassi00lemp_0/page/659">659</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lempriere%27s+Classical+Dictionary&rft.pages=659&rft.date=1887&rft.aulast=Lempriere&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flemprieresclassi00lemp_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, hlm. 1138, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=1138&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Colakis, Marianthe; Masello, Mary Joan (30 Juni 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5o3Lr2Swz8sC&pg=PA204">"Tantalum"</a>. Classical Mythology & More: A Reader Workbook. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-86516-573-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-86516-573-1">978-0-86516-573-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tantalum&rft.btitle=Classical+Mythology+%26+More%3A+A+Reader+Workbook&rft.date=2007-06-30&rft.isbn=978-0-86516-573-1&rft.au=Colakis%2C+Marianthe&rft.au=Masello%2C+Mary+Joan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5o3Lr2Swz8sC%26pg%3DPA204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Magnuson, M.; Greczynski, G.; Eriksson, F.; Hultman, L.; Hogberg, H. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-152876">"Electronic structure of β-Ta films from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles calculations"</a>. Applied Surface Science. 470: 607–612. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ApSS..470..607M">2019ApSS..470..607M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.apsusc.2018.11.096">10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.096</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Surface+Science&rft.atitle=Electronic+structure+of+%CE%B2-Ta+films+from+X-ray+photoelectron+spectroscopy+and+first-principles+calculations&rft.volume=470&rft.pages=607-612&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.apsusc.2018.11.096&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019ApSS..470..607M&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Greczynski%2C+G.&rft.au=Eriksson%2C+F.&rft.au=Hultman%2C+L.&rft.au=Hogberg%2C+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.kb.se%2Fresolve%3Furn%3Durn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Aliu%3Adiva-152876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Lee, S.; Doxbeck, M.; Mueller, J.; Cipollo, M.; Cote, P. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1259369">"Texture, structure and phase transformation in sputter beta tantalum coating"</a>. Surface and Coatings Technology. 177–178: 44. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.surfcoat.2003.06.008">10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Surface+and+Coatings+Technology&rft.atitle=Texture%2C+structure+and+phase+transformation+in+sputter+beta+tantalum+coating&rft.volume=177%E2%80%93178&rft.pages=44&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.surfcoat.2003.06.008&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Doxbeck%2C+M.&rft.au=Mueller%2C+J.&rft.au=Cipollo%2C+M.&rft.au=Cote%2C+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1259369&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Hult, Mikael; Wieslander, J. S. Elisabeth; Marissens, Gerd; Gasparro, Joël; Wätjen, Uwe; Misiaszek, Marcin (2009). "Search for the radioactivity of 180mTa using an underground HPGe sandwich spectrometer". Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 67 (5): 918–921. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.01.057">10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.01.057</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19246206">19246206</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=Search+for+the+radioactivity+of+180mTa+using+an+underground+HPGe+sandwich+spectrometer&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=918-921&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.01.057&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19246206&rft.aulast=Hult&rft.aufirst=Mikael&rft.au=Wieslander%2C+J.+S.+Elisabeth&rft.au=Marissens%2C+Gerd&rft.au=Gasparro%2C+Jo%C3%ABl&rft.au=W%C3%A4tjen%2C+Uwe&rft.au=Misiaszek%2C+Marcin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-NUBASE-26"><a href="#cite_ref-NUBASE_26-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFAudiBersillonBlachotWapstra2003" class="citation">Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00020241/document">"The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties"</a>, Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003NuPhA.729....3A">2003NuPhA.729....3A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001">10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Physics+A&rft.atitle=The+N%3Csmall%3EUBASE%3C%2Fsmall%3E+evaluation+of+nuclear+and+decay+properties&rft.volume=729&rft.pages=3-128&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003NuPhA.729....3A&rft.aulast=Audi&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft.au=Bersillon%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Blachot%2C+Jean&rft.au=Wapstra%2C+Aaldert+Hendrik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fin2p3-00020241%2Fdocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Win, David Tin; Al Masum, Mohammed (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.journal.au.edu/au_techno/2003/apr2003/aujt6-4_article07.pdf">"Weapons of Mass Destruction"</a> (PDF). Assumption University Journal of Technology. 6 (4): 199–219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Assumption+University+Journal+of+Technology&rft.atitle=Weapons+of+Mass+Destruction&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=199-219&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Win&rft.aufirst=David+Tin&rft.au=Al+Masum%2C+Mohammed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journal.au.edu%2Fau_techno%2F2003%2Fapr2003%2Faujt6-4_article07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mis.triumf.ca/science/planning/yield/target/Ta">"Tantalum Target Yields - ISAC Yield Database - TRIUMF : Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics"</a>. mis.triumf.ca.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mis.triumf.ca&rft.atitle=Tantalum+Target+Yields+-+ISAC+Yield+Database+-+TRIUMF+%3A+Canada%27s+National+Laboratory+for+Particle+and+Nuclear+Physics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmis.triumf.ca%2Fscience%2Fplanning%2Fyield%2Ftarget%2FTa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Aguly-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aguly_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aguly_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aguly_29-2">c</a> <cite class="citation book">Agulyansky, Anatoly (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-4QXNB5Hp8C">The Chemistry of Tantalum and Niobium Fluoride Compounds</a>. Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-444-51604-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-444-51604-6">978-0-444-51604-6</a>. Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chemistry+of+Tantalum+and+Niobium+Fluoride+Compounds&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-444-51604-6&rft.aulast=Agulyansky&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ-4QXNB5Hp8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Deblonde, Gauthier J. -P.; Chagnes, Alexandre; Bélair, Sarah; Cote, Gérard (1 Juli 2015). "Solubility of niobium(V) and tantalum(V) under mild alkaline conditions". Hydrometallurgy. 156: 99–106. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.hydromet.2015.05.015">10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.05.015</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0304-386X">0304-386X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrometallurgy&rft.atitle=Solubility+of+niobium%28V%29+and+tantalum%28V%29+under+mild+alkaline+conditions&rft.volume=156&rft.pages=99-106&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.hydromet.2015.05.015&rft.issn=0304-386X&rft.aulast=Deblonde&rft.aufirst=Gauthier+J.+-P.&rft.au=Chagnes%2C+Alexandre&rft.au=B%C3%A9lair%2C+Sarah&rft.au=Cote%2C+G%C3%A9rard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-HollemanAF-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_32-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_32-2">c</a> <cite class="citation book">Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E.; Wiberg, N. (2007). Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie (dalam bahasa Jerman) (edisi ke-102). de Gruyter. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-3-11-017770-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-3-11-017770-1">978-3-11-017770-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lehrbuch+der+Anorganischen+Chemie&rft.edition=102&rft.pub=de+Gruyter&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-11-017770-1&rft.au=Holleman%2C+A.+F.&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+E.&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Tsukimoto, S.; Moriyama, M.; Murakami, Masanori (1961). "Microstructure of amorphous tantalum nitride thin films". 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Organometallics. 27 (5): 984. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fom701189e">10.1021/om701189e</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organometallics&rft.atitle=Ethylene+Complexes+of+the+Early+Transition+Metals%3A+Crystal+Structures+of+%3Cspan+class%3D%22chemf+nowrap%22%3E%5BHfEt%3Csub%3E4%3C%2Fsub%3E%28C%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3EH%3Csub%3E4%3C%2Fsub%3E%29%3Csup%3E2%E2%88%92%3C%2Fsup%3E%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E+and+the+Negative-Oxidation-State+Species+%3Cspan+class%3D%22chemf+nowrap%22%3E%5BTaHEt%28C%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3EH%3Csub%3E4%3C%2Fsub%3E%29%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A80%25%3B+display%3A-moz-inline-box%3B+-moz-box-orient%3Avertical%3B+display%3Ainline-block%3B+vertical-align%3A+bottom%3B+%2F%2AHorizontal+positioning%2C+affects+IE%26FF%2A%2Fmargin-bottom%3A-0.4em%3B+min-height%3A1em%3B+line-height%3A1em%3B+%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ablock%3B+min-height%3A1em%3B+%2F%2AHorizontal+positioning%2C+affects+IE+only%2A%2Fmargin-top%3A-1.4em%3B%22%3E3%E2%88%92%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ablock%3B+min-height%3A1em%3B%22%3E3%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E+and+%3Cspan+class%3D%22chemf+nowrap%22%3E%5BWH%28C%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3EH%3Csub%3E4%3C%2Fsub%3E%29%3Cspan+style%3D%22font-size%3A80%25%3B+display%3A-moz-inline-box%3B+-moz-box-orient%3Avertical%3B+display%3Ainline-block%3B+vertical-align%3A+bottom%3B+%2F%2AHorizontal+positioning%2C+affects+IE%26FF%2A%2Fmargin-bottom%3A-0.4em%3B+min-height%3A1em%3B+line-height%3A1em%3B+%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ablock%3B+min-height%3A1em%3B+%2F%2AHorizontal+positioning%2C+affects+IE+only%2A%2Fmargin-top%3A-1.4em%3B%22%3E3%E2%88%92%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ablock%3B+min-height%3A1em%3B%22%3E4%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=984&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fom701189e&rft.au=Morse%2C+P.+M.&rft.au=Shelby%2C+Q.+D.&rft.au=Kim%2C+D.+Y.&rft.au=Girolami%2C+G.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|name-list-style=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Emsley-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Emsley_37-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Emsley, John (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/naturesbuildingb0000emsl/page/420">"Tantalum"</a>. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rescue.org/special-reports/special-report-congo-y">versi asli</a> tanggal 5 Maret 2012. Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Special+Report%3A+Congo&rft.pub=International+Rescue+Committee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rescue.org%2Fspecial-reports%2Fspecial-report-congo-y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Hayes, Karen; Burge, Richard (2003). Coltan Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo: How tantalum-using industries can commit to the reconstruction of the DRC. 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Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Congo+War+and+the+Role+of+Coltan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.american.edu%2Fted%2Fice%2Fcongo-coltan.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090330005811/http://www.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/congo_basin_forests/problems/mining/coltan_mining/">"Coltan mining in the Congo River Basin"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/congo_basin_forests/problems/mining/coltan_mining/">versi asli</a> tanggal 30 Maret 2009. Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coltan+mining+in+the+Congo+River+Basin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panda.org%2Fwhat_we_do%2Fwhere_we_work%2Fcongo_basin_forests%2Fproblems%2Fmining%2Fcoltan_mining%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <cite class="citation web">United States Geological Survey (Januari 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-tantalum.pdf">"USGS Mineral Commodities Summary: Tantalum"</a> (PDF). Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Mineral+Commodities+Summary%3A+Tantalum&rft.date=2021-01&rft.au=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fperiodicals%2Fmcs2021%2Fmcs2021-tantalum.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130604121254/http://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140/">"Mineral Resources Program"</a>. minerals.usgs.gov. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140">versi asli</a> tanggal 4 Juni 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=minerals.usgs.gov&rft.atitle=Mineral+Resources+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fminerals.usgs.gov%2Fds%2F2005%2F140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Chang-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chang_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chang_56-1">b</a> <cite class="citation journal">Zhaowu Zhu; Chu Yong Cheng (2011). "Solvent extraction technology for the separation and purification of niobium and tantalum: A review". 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Journal of Materials Research. 13 (12): 3372–3377. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998JMatR..13.3372O">1998JMatR..13.3372O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1557%2FJMR.1998.0459">10.1557/JMR.1998.0459</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Materials+Research&rft.atitle=Metallothermic+reduction+as+an+electronically+mediated+reaction&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=3372-3377&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1557%2FJMR.1998.0459&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998JMatR..13.3372O&rft.aulast=Okabe&rft.aufirst=Toru+H.&rft.au=Sadoway%2C+Donald+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsemanticscholar.org%2Fpaper%2F9f35ddda3aaf8bce1d7f0cc76011212a197fd99d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21571847-exotic-useful-metals-such-tantalum-and-titanium-are-about-become-cheap">"Manufacturing metals: A tantalising prospect"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Fire+Protection+Association&rft.atitle=NFPA+484+%E2%80%93+Standard+for+Combustible+Metals%2C+Metal+Powders%2C+and+Metal+Dusts+%E2%80%93+2002+Edition&rft.date=2002-08-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nfpa.org%2Fassets%2Ffiles%2Faboutthecodes%2F484%2Fnfpa484-2002.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-USGSCR08-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGSCR08_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGSCR08_61-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/niobium/mcs-2008-tanta.pdf">"Commodity Report 2008: Tantalum"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Survei_Geologi_Amerika_Serikat" title="Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat">United States Geological Survey</a>. 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Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Admat+Inc.&rft.atitle=Tantalum+Products%3A+Tantalum+Sheet+%26+Plate+%7C+Admat+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.admatinc.com%2Ftantalum%2Fsheetplate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Buckman, R. W. Jr. (2000). "New applications for tantalum and tantalum alloys". 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New York: Dutton. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/interstellaragei0000bell/page/n123">110</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-525-95432-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-525-95432-3">978-0-525-95432-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Interstellar+Age%3A+the+story+of+the+NASA+men+and+women+who+flew+the+forty-year+Voyager+mission&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Dutton&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-525-95432-3&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finterstellaragei0000bell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Nemat-Nasser, Sia; Isaacs, Jon B.; Liu, Mingqi (1998). 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Acta Materialia. 46 (4): 1307. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AcMat..46.1307N">1998AcMat..46.1307N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1359-6454%2897%2900746-5">10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00746-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Materialia&rft.atitle=Microstructure+of+high-strain%2C+high-strain-rate+deformed+tantalum&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1307&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS1359-6454%2897%2900746-5&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998AcMat..46.1307N&rft.aulast=Nemat-Nasser&rft.aufirst=Sia&rft.au=Isaacs%2C+Jon+B.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Mingqi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Walters, William; Cooch, William; Burkins, Matthew; Burkins, Matthew (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1260077">"The penetration resistance of a titanium alloy against jets from tantalum shaped charge liners"</a>. International Journal of Impact Engineering. 26 (1–10): 823. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0734-743X%2801%2900135-X">10.1016/S0734-743X(01)00135-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Impact+Engineering&rft.atitle=The+penetration+resistance+of+a+titanium+alloy+against+jets+from+tantalum+shaped+charge+liners&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1%E2%80%9310&rft.pages=823&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0734-743X%2801%2900135-X&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Cooch%2C+William&rft.au=Burkins%2C+Matthew&rft.au=Burkins%2C+Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1260077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Russell, Alan M.; Lee, Kok Loong (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fIu58uZTE-gC&pg=PA129">Structure-property relations in nonferrous metals</a>. 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Optical Materials: An Introduction to Selection and Application. CRC Press. hlm. 28. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8247-7309-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8247-7309-0">978-0-8247-7309-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Optical+Glass+Composition&rft.btitle=Optical+Materials%3A+An+Introduction+to+Selection+and+Application&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-8247-7309-0&rft.aulast=Musikant&rft.aufirst=Solomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiJEXMF3JBtQC%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Green, TH. (1995). 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Chemosphere. 182: 605–616. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017Chmsp.182..605F">2017Chmsp.182..605F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2017.05.024">10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.024</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28525874">28525874</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Less-studied+TCE%3A+are+their+environmental+concentrations+increasing+due+to+their+use+in+new+technologies%3F&rft.volume=182&rft.pages=605-616&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28525874&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2017.05.024&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017Chmsp.182..605F&rft.aulast=Filella&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Rodr%C3%ADguez-Murillo%2C+JC.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Matsuno H; Yokoyama A; Watari F; Uo M; Kawasaki T. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_biomaterials_2001-06_22_11/page/1253">"Biocompatibility and osteogenesis of refractory metal implants, titanium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum and rhenium. Biocompatibility of tantalum"</a>. Biomaterials. 22 (11): 1253–62. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0142-9612%2800%2900275-1">10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00275-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11336297">11336297</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Biocompatibility+and+osteogenesis+of+refractory+metal+implants%2C+titanium%2C+hafnium%2C+niobium%2C+tantalum+and+rhenium.+Biocompatibility+of+tantalum.&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1253-62&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0142-9612%2800%2900275-1&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11336297&rft.au=Matsuno+H&rft.au=Yokoyama+A&rft.au=Watari+F&rft.au=Uo+M&rft.au=Kawasaki+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_biomaterials_2001-06_22_11%2Fpage%2F1253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0585.html">"CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards – Tantalum (metal and oxide dust, as Ta)"</a>. www.cdc.gov. Diakses tanggal 2 Juli 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cdc.gov&rft.atitle=CDC+%E2%80%93+NIOSH+Pocket+Guide+to+Chemical+Hazards+%E2%80%93+Tantalum+%28metal+and+oxide+dust%2C+as+Ta%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fnpg%2Fnpgd0585.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATantalum" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tantalum" class="extiw" title="commons:Tantalum">Tantalum</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/37px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/55px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/73px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Lihat entri <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tantalum" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:tantalum">tantalum</a> di kamus bebas Wiktionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tanb.org/">Tantalum-Niobium International Study Center</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0585.html">CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/73.html">Laboratorium Nasional Los Alamos - Tantalum</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ta/index.html">WebElements.com - Tantalum</a></li></ul> <table class="navbox collapsible uncollapsed" cellpadding="0" style="table-layout:fixed; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="33" style="padding:0 1em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini"><a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">Tabel periodik</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik_(sel_besar)" title="Tabel periodik (sel besar)">(besar)</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="line-height:100%;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">1</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">2</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_3" title="Unsur golongan 3">3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_4" title="Unsur golongan 4">4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_6" title="Unsur golongan 6">6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_7" title="Unsur golongan 7">7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_8" title="Unsur golongan 8">8</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_9" title="Unsur golongan 9">9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_10" title="Unsur golongan 10">10</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_11" title="Unsur golongan 11">11</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_12" title="Unsur golongan 12">12</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_boron" title="Golongan boron">13</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_karbon" title="Golongan karbon">14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pniktogen" title="Pniktogen">15</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalkogen" title="Kalkogen">16</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">17</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_1" title="Unsur periode 1">1</a> </td> <td title="Hidrogen, 1 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30"> </td> <td title="Helium, 2 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_2" title="Unsur periode 2">2</a> </td> <td title="Litium, 3 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td title="Berilium, 4 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Boron, 5 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">B</a> </td> <td title="Karbon, 6 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">C</a> </td> <td title="Nitrogen, 7 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td title="Oksigen, 8 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">O</a> </td> <td title="Fluorin, 9 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorin" title="Fluorin">F</a> </td> <td title="Neon, 10 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_3" title="Unsur periode 3">3</a> </td> <td title="Natrium, 11 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td title="Magnesium, 12 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Aluminium, 13 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td title="Silikon, 14 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Si</a> </td> <td title="Fosforus, 15 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus">P</a> </td> <td title="Belerang, 16 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Belerang" title="Belerang">S</a> </td> <td title="Klorin, 17 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Klorin" title="Klorin">Cl</a> </td> <td title="Argon, 18 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_4" title="Unsur periode 4">4</a> </td> <td title="Kalium, 19 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td title="Kalsium, 20 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Skandium, 21 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td title="Titanium, 22 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td title="Vanadium, 23 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td title="Kromium, 24 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Cr</a> </td> <td title="Mangan, 25 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td title="Besi, 26 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Fe</a> </td> <td title="Kobalt, 27 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td title="Nikel, 28 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Ni</a> </td> <td title="Tembaga, 29 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Cu</a> </td> <td title="Seng, 30 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Zn</a> </td> <td title="Galium, 31 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Galium" title="Galium">Ga</a> </td> <td title="Germanium, 32 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td title="Arsen, 33 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td title="Selenium, 34 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td title="Bromin, 35 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Br</a> </td> <td title="Kripton, 36 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_5" title="Unsur periode 5">5</a> </td> <td title="Rubidium, 37 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td title="Stronsium, 38 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Itrium, 39 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Itrium" title="Itrium">Y</a> </td> <td title="Zirkonium, 40 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Zirkonium" title="Zirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td title="Niobium, 41 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td title="Molibdenum, 42 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td title="Teknesium, 43 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Teknesium" title="Teknesium">Tc</a> </td> <td title="Rutenium, 44 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenium" title="Rutenium">Ru</a> </td> <td title="Rodium, 45 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">Rh</a> </td> <td title="Paladium, 46 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Paladium" title="Paladium">Pd</a> </td> <td title="Perak, 47 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Ag</a> </td> <td title="Kadmium, 48 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td title="Indium, 49 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td title="Timah, 50 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timah" title="Timah">Sn</a> </td> <td title="Antimon, 51 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a> </td> <td title="Telurium, 52 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Telurium" title="Telurium">Te</a> </td> <td title="Iodin, 53 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iodin" title="Iodin">I</a> </td> <td title="Xenon, 54 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_6" title="Unsur periode 6">6</a> </td> <td title="Sesium, 55 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">Cs</a> </td> <td title="Barium, 56 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td title="Lantanum, 57 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">La</a> </td> <td title="Serium, 58 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Serium" title="Serium">Ce</a> </td> <td title="Praseodimium, 59 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimium" title="Praseodimium">Pr</a> </td> <td title="Neodimium, 60 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neodimium" title="Neodimium">Nd</a> </td> <td title="Prometium, 61 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Prometium" title="Prometium">Pm</a> </td> <td title="Samarium, 62 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td title="Europium, 63 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td title="Gadolinium, 64 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td title="Terbium, 65 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td title="Disprosium, 66 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Disprosium" title="Disprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td title="Holmium, 67 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td title="Erbium, 68 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td title="Tulium, 69 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tulium" title="Tulium">Tm</a> </td> <td title="Iterbium, 70 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iterbium" title="Iterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td title="Lutesium, 71 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lutesium" title="Lutesium">Lu</a> </td> <td title="Hafnium, 72 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td title="Tantalum, 73 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:1px solid black; ;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ta</a> </td> <td title="Wolfram, 74 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td title="Renium, 75 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">Re</a> </td> <td title="Osmium, 76 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td title="Iridium, 77 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td title="Platina, 78 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">Pt</a> </td> <td title="Emas, 79 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Emas" title="Emas">Au</a> </td> <td title="Raksa, 80 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Raksa" title="Raksa">Hg</a> </td> <td title="Talium, 81 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Talium" title="Talium">Tl</a> </td> <td title="Timbal, 82 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">Pb</a> </td> <td title="Bismut, 83 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td title="Polonium, 84 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td title="Astatin, 85 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Astatin" title="Astatin">At</a> </td> <td title="Radon, 86 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_7" title="Unsur periode 7">7</a> </td> <td title="Fransium, 87 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium" title="Fransium">Fr</a> </td> <td title="Radium, 88 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td title="Aktinium, 89 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium">Ac</a> </td> <td title="Torium, 90 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">Th</a> </td> <td title="Protaktinium, 91 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">Pa</a> </td> <td title="Uranium, 92 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td title="Neptunium, 93 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td title="Plutonium, 94 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td title="Amerisium, 95 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Amerisium" title="Amerisium">Am</a> </td> <td title="Kurium, 96 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kurium" title="Kurium">Cm</a> </td> <td title="Berkelium, 97 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td title="Kalifornium, 98 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornium" title="Kalifornium">Cf</a> </td> <td title="Einsteinium, 99 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td title="Fermium, 100 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td title="Mendelevium, 101 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td title="Nobelium, 102 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td title="Lawrensium, 103 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrensium" title="Lawrensium">Lr</a> </td> <td title="Ruterfordium, 104 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Ruterfordium" title="Ruterfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td title="Dubnium, 105 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td title="Seaborgium, 106 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td title="Bohrium, 107 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td title="Hasium, 108 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hasium" title="Hasium">Hs</a> </td> <td title="Meitnerium, 109 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td title="Darmstadtium, 110 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td title="Roentgenium, 111 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td title="Kopernisium, 112 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kopernisium" title="Kopernisium">Cn</a> </td> <td title="Nihonium, 113 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td title="Flerovium, 114 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td title="Moskovium, 115 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium">Mc</a> </td> <td title="Livermorium, 116 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td title="Tenesin, 117 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tenesin" title="Tenesin">Ts</a> </td> <td title="Oganeson, 118 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="33"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; line-height:120%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; font-size:85%; background:#f8f8f8; margin:0; font-size:90%; margin-top:0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed; overflow:hidden;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">Logam alkali</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">Logam alkali tanah</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanida" title="Lantanida">Lantanida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">Aktinida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">Logam transisi</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_miskin" title="Logam miskin">Logam miskin</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid">Metaloid</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#a1ffc3;"><a href="/wiki/Nonlogam_poliatomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonlogam poliatomik">Nonlogam poliatomik</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#e7ff8f;"><a href="/wiki/Nonlogam_diatomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonlogam diatomik">Nonlogam diatomik</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">Gas mulia</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="padding:0 1px; background:#e8e8e8;">Sifat kimia belum diketahui </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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tersedia)">TaCl5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum(V)_bromida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum(V) bromida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaBr5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum(V)_iodida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum(V) iodida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaI5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_borida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum borida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaB2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_karbida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum karbida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_nitrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum nitrida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaN</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_hafnium_karbida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum hafnium karbida (halaman belum tersedia)">Ta4HfC5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum(III)_aluminida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum(III) aluminida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaAl3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum(IV)_sulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum(IV) sulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaS2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum_telurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum telurida (halaman belum tersedia)">TaTe2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalum_pentoksida" title="Tantalum pentoksida">Ta2O5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalum(V)_etoksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalum(V) etoksida (halaman belum tersedia)">Ta2(OC2H5)10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litium_tantalat" title="Litium tantalat">LiTaO3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutesium_tantalat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutesium tantalat (halaman belum tersedia)">LuTaO4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Rumus_kimia" title="Rumus kimia">Rumus kimia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4059023-9">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85132346">Amerika Serikat</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00572700">Jepang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/514619126">Microsoft Academic</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" 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didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_sumber_berbahasa_Jerman_(de)" title="Kategori:CS1 sumber berbahasa Jerman (de)">CS1 sumber berbahasa Jerman (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_sumber_berbahasa_Prancis_(fr)" title="Kategori:CS1 sumber berbahasa Prancis (fr)">CS1 sumber berbahasa Prancis (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_sumber_berbahasa_Inggris_(en)" title="Kategori:CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)">CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pranala_Commons_ada_di_Wikidata" title="Kategori:Pranala Commons ada di Wikidata">Pranala Commons ada di Wikidata</a></li><li><a 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