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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-背景" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#背景"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>背景</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-背景-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-与X-SAMPA对比" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与X-SAMPA对比"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>与X-SAMPA对比</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-与X-SAMPA对比-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-辅音表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#辅音表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>辅音表</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-辅音表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-元音表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元音表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>元音表</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元音表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-元音修饰词和变音符号" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元音修饰词和变音符号"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>元音修饰词和变音符号</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元音修饰词和变音符号-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">柯申鲍姆系统</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。16种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AE" title="কার্শেনবম – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কার্শেনবম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="キルシェンバウム – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キルシェンバウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Киршенбаум – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Киршенбаум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kirshenbaum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BC_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Киршенбаум (кодировка) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Киршенбаум (кодировка)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="کرشین بام – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کرشین بام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q939066#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-f3e2a619" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div></div></div> <p><b>柯申鲍姆</b>（Kirshenbaum，<span class="nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:英語國際音標">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/：後面為主重音">ˈ</span><span title="「kind」的「k」音">k</span><span title="/ɜːr/：「fur」的「ur」音">ɜːr</span><span title="/ʃ/：「shy」的「sh」音">ʃ</span><span title="/ən/：「button」的「on」音">ən</span><span title="「buy」的「b」音">b</span><span title="/ɔː/：「fraud」的「au」音">ɔː</span><span title="「my」的「m」音">m</span></span>/</a></span></span>），又称<b>ASCII-IPA</b>或<b>erkIPA</b>，是一种用<a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII码</a>表示<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="國際音標">國際音標</a>（IPA）的系统，通过该系统可以用常规键盘键入IPA符号。该系统最初是为了用于<a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a>而开发，以该项目领导者埃文·柯申鲍姆（Evan Kirshenbaum）的名字命名。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="背景"><span id=".E8.83.8C.E6.99.AF"></span>背景</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：背景"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>柯申鲍姆系统于1992年8月开始通过<a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a>小组进行开发<sup id="cite_ref-MoranEtAl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoranEtAl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，此前人们“已经厌倦了使用其他单词来描述某单词发音”<sup id="cite_ref-usenetIPAx_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usenetIPAx-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，因此该系统： </p> <ul><li>应能表示IPA中的所有符号，包括变音符号。</li> <li>尽管有先前的方针，但预计（与过去一样）主要用途将是转录英语，因此，在需要作出权衡时，应作出对易于表示英文中常见音素有利的决定。</li> <li>表述形式应该是可读的。</li> <li>应该可以机械地从表述形式翻译成包含IPA的字符集，反之亦然<sup id="cite_ref-kIPA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kIPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <p>开发人员决定使用现有的IPA字母表，将每个音段映射到单一的键盘字符，并为IPA变音符号选择性添加额外的ASCII字符。 </p><p>一款早期的（1993年）、不同于今的ASCII字符集提取于《韦氏新大学词典》（Merriam-Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary）的语音指南，该指南使用字母来描述语音<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>柯申鲍姆系统的文档《用ASCII表示IPA语音》（Representing IPA phonetics in ASCII）<sup id="cite_ref-kIPA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kIPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>通常被用作“IPA ASCII”系统的示例<sup id="cite_ref-Unicode_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unicode-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>eSpeak软件<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="语音合成">语音合成器</a>使用柯申鲍姆方案来表示<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%BD%8D" title="音位">音位</a><sup id="cite_ref-Latin2Speech_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Latin2Speech-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="与X-SAMPA对比"><span id=".E4.B8.8EX-SAMPA.E5.AF.B9.E6.AF.94"></span>与X-SAMPA对比</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：与X-SAMPA对比"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>该系统使用了几乎所有的小写字母来表示直接对应的IPA字符，但与<a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a>对比，相同语音对应的字符不同，示例如下： </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>语音</th> <th>IPA</th> <th>X-SAMPA</th> <th>柯申鲍姆 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈颤音">齿龈颤音</a></td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209503">.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code2000","Gentium","Gentium Alternative","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Arial Unicode MS","IPAPANNEW","Chrysanthi Unicode","GentiumAlt","Bitstream Vera","Bitstream Cyberbit","Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .IPA a:link,.mw-parser-output .IPA a:visited{text-decoration:none!important}</style><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">r</span></td> <td><code>r</code></td> <td><code>r<trl></code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦近音">齒齦近音</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ɹ</span></td> <td><code>r\</code></td> <td><code>r</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開前不圓唇元音">次開前不圓唇元音</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">æ</span></td> <td><code>{</code></td> <td><code>&</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開後圓唇元音">開後圓唇元音</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ɒ</span></td> <td><code>Q</code></td> <td><code>A.</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開央不圓唇元音">半開央不圓唇元音</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ɜ</span></td> <td><code>3</code></td> <td><code>V"</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%95%E9%87%8D%E8%AE%80" title="輕重讀">主重音</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ˈ</span></td> <td><code>"</code></td> <td><code>'</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%95%E9%87%8D%E8%AE%80" title="輕重讀">次重音</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ˌ</span></td> <td><code>%</code></td> <td><code>,</code> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表"><span id=".E6.9F.AF.E7.94.B3.E9.B2.8D.E5.A7.86.E7.B3.BB.E7.BB.9F.E8.BE.85.E9.9F.B3.E4.B8.8E.E5.85.83.E9.9F.B3.E8.A1.A8"></span>柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：柯申鲍姆系统辅音与元音表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>该图表基于柯申鲍姆系统规范说明中提供的信息。<sup id="cite_ref-kIPA_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kIPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HPlabs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HPlabs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>将其与<a href="/wiki/SAMPA%E8%A1%A8" title="SAMPA表">SAMPA表</a>或<a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA表</a>进行比较亦可能会有所帮助。</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="辅音表"><span id=".E8.BE.85.E9.9F.B3.E8.A1.A8"></span>辅音表</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：辅音表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption>柯申鲍姆系统<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3" title="辅音">辅音</a>表（成对者为清/浊辅音） </caption> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"> <td rowspan="2" style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%8D" title="调音部位">调音部位</a> → </td> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="唇音">唇</a> </th> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%86%A0%E9%9F%B3" title="舌冠音">舌冠</a> </th> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E8%83%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="舌背音">舌背</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="喉音">喉</a> </th> <th colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齿龈</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="边音">边音</a> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 3em"> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇音">双唇</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒音">唇齒</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%9F%B3" title="齿音">齿</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齿龈</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌音">捲舌</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%AD%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="腭龈音">腭龈</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭音">硬腭</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音">软腭</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌音">小舌</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唇化軟顎音（页面不存在）">唇化軟顎</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E9%9F%B3" title="咽音">咽</a> </th> <th colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="width: 4em;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E9%9F%B3" title="聲門音">聲門</a> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 3em"> <td style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95" title="调音方法">调音方法</a> ↓ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3)" title="鼻音 (辅音)">鼻音</a> </th> <td><code>m</code> </td> <td><code>M</code> </td> <td><code>n[</code> </td> <td><code>n</code> </td> <td><code>n.</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>n^</code> </td> <td><code>N</code> </td> <td><code>n"</code> </td> <td><code>n<lbv></code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a> </th> <td><code>p b</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>t[ d[</code> </td> <td><code>t d</code> </td> <td><code>t. d. </code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>c J</code> </td> <td><code>k g</code> </td> <td><code>q G</code> </td> <td><code>t<lbv> d<lbv></code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>?</code> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a> </th> <td><code>P B</code> </td> <td><code>f v</code> </td> <td><code>T D</code> </td> <td><code>s z</code> </td> <td><code>s. z.</code> </td> <td><code>S Z</code> </td> <td><code>C C<vcd></code> </td> <td><code>x Q</code> </td> <td><code>X g"</code> </td> <td><code>w<vls> w</code> </td> <td><code>H H<vcd></code> </td> <td><code>h<?></code> </td> <td><code>s<lat> z<lat></code> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="近音">近音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><code>r<lbd></code> </td> <td><code>r[</code> </td> <td><code>r</code> </td> <td><code>r.</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>j</code> </td> <td><code>j<vel></code> </td> <td><code>g"</code> </td> <td><code>w</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>h</code> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="边音">边音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>l[</code> </td> <td><code>l</code> </td> <td><code>l.</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>l^</code> </td> <td><code>L</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6)" title="颤音 (语音学)">颤音</a> </th> <td><code>b<trl></code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>r<trl></code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>r"</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="闪音">闪音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>  *</code> </td> <td><code>  *.</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>*<lat></code> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%A4%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="挤喉音">挤喉音</a> </th> <td><code>p`</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>t[`</code> </td> <td><code>t`</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>c`</code> </td> <td><code>k`</code> </td> <td><code>q`</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="內爆音">內爆音</a> </th> <td><code>b`</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>d`</code> </td> <td><code>d`</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>J`</code> </td> <td><code>g`</code> </td> <td><code>G`</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-size:x-small;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="搭嘴音">搭嘴音</a> </th> <td><code>p!</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>t!</code> </td> <td><code>c!</code><sup id="cite_ref-click_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-click-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>c!</code><sup id="cite_ref-click_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-click-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><code>k!</code> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>l!</code> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>相比之下，IPA辅音表使用了许多受支持较少的符号： <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80552542">.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-captioned{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background:#f8f9fa;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{padding:0.2em;text-align:center;background:#f2f2ce}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th{font-size:85%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow)[scope="col"]{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;max-width:4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-placearrow)[scope="row"]{text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable:not(.IPA-common-audiotable) td:not([colspan]){text-align:center;max-width:1.2em;min-width:1.2em;padding:0.1em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-audiotable td{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-noleftborder{border-left:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-norightborder{border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notopborder{border-top:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-nobottomborder{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-shaded{background-color:#ddd}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes{text-align:left;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div{float:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .wraplinks .selflink{white-space:normal}</style> </p> <table class="IPA-common-captioned" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="IPA-common-caption" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="國際音標">國際音標</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E9%83%A8%E6%B0%94%E6%B5%81%E9%9F%B3" title="肺部气流音">肺部气流音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r54581378">.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-placearrow{border-bottom:none;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow{border-top:none;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(even),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(9):not(.IPA-common-rightborder),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(11):not(.IPA-common-rightborder){border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(odd),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(10):not(.IPA-common-leftborder),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(12):not(.IPA-common-leftborder){border-left:none}</style> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%8D" title="调音部位">调音部位</a> → </th> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="唇音">唇</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%86%A0%E9%9F%B3" title="舌冠音">舌冠</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E8%83%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="舌背音">舌背</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="喉音">咽喉</a> </th></tr> <tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95" title="调音方法">调音方法</a> ↓ </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇音">雙唇</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒音">唇齒</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="舌唇音">舌唇</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%9F%B3" title="齿音">齒</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齒齦</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦後音">齦後</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌音">卷舌</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%88%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="龈腭音">齦腭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭音">硬腭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音">軟腭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌音">小舌</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E9%9F%B3" title="咽音">咽</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="會厭音">會⁠厭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E9%9F%B3" title="聲門音">聲門</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3)" title="鼻音 (辅音)">鼻音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清双唇鼻音">m̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇鼻音">m</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒鼻音">ɱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="舌唇鼻音">n̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清齿龈鼻音">n̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦鼻音">n</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清卷舌鼻音">ɳ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌鼻音">ɳ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭鼻音">ɲ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭鼻音">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清软腭鼻音">ŋ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭鼻音">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌鼻音">ɴ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇塞音">p</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇塞音">b</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齿塞音">p̪</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="浊唇齿塞音">b̪</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清舌唇塞音">t̼</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="浊舌唇塞音">d̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦塞音">t</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦塞音">d</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌塞音">ʈ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌塞音">ɖ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭塞音">c</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭塞音">ɟ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭塞音">k</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭塞音">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌塞音">q</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁小舌塞音">ɢ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E5%8E%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="会厌塞音">ʡ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="聲門塞音">ʔ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%9D%E9%9F%B3" title="咝音">有噝擦音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦擦音">s</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦擦音">z</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清腭齦擦音">ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁腭齦擦音">ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌擦音">ʂ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊卷舌擦音">ʐ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%A6%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齦腭擦音">ɕ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%A6%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齦腭擦音">ʑ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">無噝<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇擦音">ɸ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇擦音">β</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齒擦音">f</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁唇齒擦音">v</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清舌唇擦音">θ̼</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁舌唇擦音">ð̼</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒擦音">θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒擦音">ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="清齿龈无咝擦音">θ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="浊齿龈无咝擦音">ð̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦後無噝擦音">ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦後無噝擦音">ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊卷舌无咝擦音">ɻ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭擦音">ç</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊硬腭擦音">ʝ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭擦音">x</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭擦音">ɣ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌擦音">χ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁小舌擦音">ʁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%92%BD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清咽擦音">ħ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%92%BD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊咽擦音">ʕ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清會厭擦音">ʜ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="濁會厭顫音">ʢ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%A3%B0%E9%97%A8%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清声门擦音">h</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁聲門擦音">ɦ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="近音">近音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齒近音">ʋ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒近音">ʋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦近音">ɹ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦近音">ɹ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌近音">ɻ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌近音">ɻ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清硬腭近音（页面不存在）">j̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭近音">j</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清軟腭近音（页面不存在）">ɰ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭近音">ɰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B1%E5%98%8E%E9%9F%B3%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="吱嘎音聲門近音">ʔ̞</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="闪音">闪音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇閃音">ⱱ̟</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒閃音">ⱱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="舌唇閃音">ɾ̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦閃音">ɾ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦閃音">ɾ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌閃音">ɽ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="卷舌闪音">ɽ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌閃音">ɢ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E5%8E%8C%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="会厌闪音">ʡ̆</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6)" title="颤音 (语音学)">顫音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇顫音">ʙ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇顫音">ʙ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="清齿龈颤音">r̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="齒齦顫音">r</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌顫音">ɽ̊r̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌顫音">ɽr</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌顫音">ʀ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌顫音">ʀ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦邊擦音">ɬ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦邊擦音">ɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌邊擦音">ɭ̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌邊擦音">ɭ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭邊擦音">ʎ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭邊擦音">ʎ̝</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭邊擦音">ʟ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭邊擦音">ʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊近音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清齿龈边近音">l̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈边近音">l</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌邊近音">ɭ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="卷舌边近音">ɭ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭邊近音">ʎ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭边音">ʎ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭邊近音">ʟ̥</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭邊音">ʟ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌邊近音">ʟ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊闪音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="齒齦邊閃音">ɺ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌邊閃音">ɭ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭邊閃音">ʎ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭邊閃音">ʟ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_pulmonic_consonants" title="Template:IPA pulmonic consonants">模板</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80552542"> <table class="IPA-common-captioned" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="IPA-common-caption" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="國際音標">國際音標</a>：非<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E9%83%A8%E6%B0%94%E6%B5%81%E9%9F%B3" title="肺部气流音">肺部气流音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable" style=""> <tbody><tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇音">雙唇</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒音">唇齒</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%9F%B3" title="齿音">齒</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齒齦</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦後音">齦後</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌音">捲舌</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭音">硬腭</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音">軟腭</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌音">小舌</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="會厭音">会厌</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%A4%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="挤喉音">挤喉音</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E6%8C%A4%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇挤喉塞音">pʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉音">tʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌擠喉音">ʈʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭擠喉音">cʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉音">kʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌擠喉音">qʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="會厭擠喉音">ʡʼ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="塞擦音">塞擦音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒擠喉塞擦音">t̪θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉塞擦音">tsʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="腭齦擠喉塞擦音">t̠ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌擠喉塞擦音">ʈʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉塞擦音">kxʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌擠喉塞擦音">qχʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇擠喉擦音">ɸʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒擠喉擦音">fʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒擠喉擦音">θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉擦音">sʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="腭齦擠喉擦音">ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌擠喉擦音">ʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭擠喉擦音">çʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉擦音">xʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌擠喉擦音">χʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="边音">邊</a>塞擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉邊塞擦音">tɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭擠喉邊塞擦音">cʎ̝̊ʼ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉邊塞擦音">kʟ̝̊ʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉邊擦音">ɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="搭嘴音">搭嘴音</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="不送氣">不送氣音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣雙唇搭嘴音">ʘ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%BD%92%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣齒搭嘴音">ǀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣齒齦搭嘴音">ǃ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣捲舌搭嘴音">𝼊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="不送氣硬腭搭嘴音">ǂ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="軟腭搭嘴音">ʞ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3" title="清濁音">濁音</a> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇搭嘴音">ʘ̬</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒搭嘴音">ǀ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦搭嘴音">ǃ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌搭嘴音">𝼊̬</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭搭嘴音">ǂ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鼻搭嘴音" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasal click"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻搭嘴音（页面不存在）">鼻搭嘴音</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_click" class="extiw" title="en:Nasal click"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasal click</span></a></span>）</span></span> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇鼻搭嘴音">ʘ̃</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齒鼻搭嘴音">ǀ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦鼻搭嘴音">ǃ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌鼻搭嘴音">𝼊̃</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭鼻搭嘴音">ǂ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">不送氣<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈边搭嘴音">邊音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%82%8A%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣邊搭嘴音">ǁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">濁邊音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%82%8A%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁邊搭嘴音">ǁ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦邊鼻搭嘴音">ǁ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="內爆音">內爆音</a> </th> <th scope="row">濁音 </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊双唇内爆音">ɓ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊齿龈内爆音">ɗ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌內爆音">ᶑ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭內爆音">ʄ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊软腭内爆音">ɠ</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="濁小舌內爆音">ʛ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">清音 </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊双唇内爆音">ɓ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦內爆音">ɗ̥</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌內爆音">ᶑ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭內爆音">ʄ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭內爆音">ɠ̊</a></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌內爆音">ʛ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_non-pulmonic_consonants" title="Template:IPA non-pulmonic consonants">模板</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="元音表"><span id=".E5.85.83.E9.9F.B3.E8.A1.A8"></span>元音表</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：元音表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="5"><b>柯申鲍姆系统<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a>简表</b> <br /><i>(成对者为非圆唇/圆唇元音；括号中的符号表示某些存在于口语中但没有对应IPA字符的元音)</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="前元音">前</a> </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="央元音">央</a> </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="後元音">後</a> </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%8C%96%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="日化元音">日化</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉元音">閉</a></b> </td> <td><code>i y</code> </td> <td><code>i" u"</code> </td> <td><code>u- u</code> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉元音">次閉</a></b> </td> <td><code>I I.</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>(U-) U</code> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉元音">半閉</a></b> </td> <td><code>e Y</code> </td> <td><code>@<umd> @.</code> </td> <td><code>o- o</code> </td> <td><code>R<umd></code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中元音">中</a></b> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>@</code> </td> <td> </td> <td><code>R</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開元音">半開</a></b> </td> <td><code>E W</code> </td> <td><code>V" O"</code> </td> <td><code>V O</code> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開元音">次開</a></b> </td> <td><code>&</code> </td> <td><code>&"</code> </td> <td><i>(无符号)</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開元音">開</a></b> </td> <td><code>a.</code> </td> <td><code>(a" A".)</code> </td> <td><code>A A.</code> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>相比之下，IPA元音表使用了许多受支持较少的符号： <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80552542"> </p> <table class="IPA-common-captioned" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="IPA-common-caption" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="國際音標">國際音標</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r54598546">.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/320px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/600px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main{table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-nocaption{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th{vertical-align:middle;font-size:85%;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="col"]{text-align:center;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="row"]{text-align:right;padding-left:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio td{width:106.67px;min-width:106.67px;height:32px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio td{width:200px;min-width:200px;height:60px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-minorcaption{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container{display:flex;justify-content:center;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-dot{text-align:center;width:1em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:rtl;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left>span{padding-left:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:ltr;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right>span{padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-single{padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}</style> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-noaudio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="前元音">前</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="央元音">央</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="後元音">後</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉元音">閉</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉前不圓唇元音">i</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉前圓唇元音">y</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉央不圓唇元音">ɨ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉央圓唇元音">ʉ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉後不圓唇元音">ɯ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉後圓唇元音">u</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉元音">次閉</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉前不圓唇元音">ɪ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉前圓唇元音">ʏ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(4px, 6px); transform: translate(4px, 6px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%97%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%86%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次闭央不圆唇元音">ɨ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(4px, 6px); transform: translate(4px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(4px, 6px); transform: translate(4px, 6px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉央圓唇元音">ʉ̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉後不圓唇元音">ɯ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉後圓唇元音">ʊ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉元音">半閉</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉前不圓唇元音">e</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉前圓唇元音">ø</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉央不圓唇元音">ɘ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉央圓唇元音">ɵ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉後不圓唇元音">ɤ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉後圓唇元音">o</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中元音">中</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%86%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中前不圆唇元音">e̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中前圓唇元音">ø̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-single" style="-moz-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中央元音">ə</a></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中後不圓唇元音">ɤ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中後圓唇元音">o̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開元音">半開</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開前不圓唇元音">ɛ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開前圓唇元音">œ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開央不圓唇元音">ɜ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開央圓唇元音">ɞ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開後不圓唇元音">ʌ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開後圓唇元音">ɔ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開元音">次開</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開前不圓唇元音">æ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-single" style="-moz-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開央元音">ɐ</a></span></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開元音">開</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開前不圓唇元音">a</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開前圓唇元音">ɶ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開央不圓唇元音">ä</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開央圓唇元音">ɒ̈</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開後不圓唇元音">ɑ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開後圓唇元音">ɒ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_vowels" title="Template:IPA vowels">模板</a></li></ul> </div> <p><span class="nowrap">表內成對的元音分別為<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%BA%A6" title="元音圓唇度">不圓唇／圓唇</a>。</span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="元音修饰词和变音符号"><span id=".E5.85.83.E9.9F.B3.E4.BF.AE.E9.A5.B0.E8.AF.8D.E5.92.8C.E5.8F.98.E9.9F.B3.E7.AC.A6.E5.8F.B7"></span>元音修饰词和变音符号</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：元音修饰词和变音符号"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>元音修饰词/变音符号 </th> <th>含义 </th></tr> <tr> <td><code>~</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="鼻化元音">鼻化</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>:</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="元音長度">长音</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>-</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%BA%A6" title="元音圓唇度">非圓唇</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>.</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%BA%A6" title="元音圓唇度">圓唇</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>"</code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="央元音">央化</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code><?></code> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%97%93%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气嗓音（页面不存在）">气化</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code><r></code> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%8C%96%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="日化元音">日化</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>重音符号放在重读音节之前，<b><code>'</code></b>表示主重音，<b><code>,</code></b>表示次重音。 </p> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-click-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-click_8-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-click_8-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">柯申鲍姆系统中用<span class="Unicode">⟨</span>c!<span class="Unicode">⟩</span>表示IPA字符<span class="Unicode">⟨</span>ʗ<span class="Unicode">⟩</span>，后者无差别地用于齿龈搭嘴音<span class="Unicode">⟨</span>ǃ<span class="Unicode">⟩</span>与硬颚搭嘴音<span class="Unicode">⟨</span>ǂ<span class="Unicode">⟩</span>。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MoranEtAl-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MoranEtAl_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Moran, Steve; Cysouw, Michael. The Unicode Cookbook for Linguistics. Language Science Press. 2018: 46. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9783961100903" title="Special:网络书源/9783961100903"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9783961100903</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2364-8899"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 2364-8899</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5281%2Fzenodo.1296780"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.5281/zenodo.1296780</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.au=Cysouw%2C+Michael&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.btitle=The+Unicode+Cookbook+for+Linguistics&rft.date=2018&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783961100903&rft.issn=2364-8899&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Language+Science+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5281%2Fzenodo.1296780&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usenetIPAx-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usenetIPAx_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kirshenbaum, Evan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926075623/http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/index.html">Usenet IPA/ASCII transcription</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/index.html">原始内容</a>存档于2011-09-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.aulast=Kirshenbaum&rft.btitle=Usenet+IPA%2FASCII+transcription&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirshenbaum.net%2FIPA%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kIPA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kIPA_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kIPA_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kIPA_3-2"><sup><b>3.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kirshenbaum, Evan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419125856/http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/ascii-ipa.pdf">Representing IPA phonetics in ASCII</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2011-09-06. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/ascii-ipa.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2016-04-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.aulast=Kirshenbaum&rft.btitle=Representing+IPA+phonetics+in+ASCII&rft.date=2011-09-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirshenbaum.net%2FIPA%2Fascii-ipa.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kirshenbaum, Evan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110808105359/http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/english.html">FAQ: Summary of IPA/ASCII transcription for English</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/english.html">原始内容</a>存档于2011-08-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.aulast=Kirshenbaum&rft.btitle=FAQ%3A+Summary+of+IPA%2FASCII+transcription+for+English&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirshenbaum.net%2FIPA%2Fenglish.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Unicode-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Unicode_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Korpela, Jukka K. Unicode Explained. O'Reilly Media. 28 June 2006: 367. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780596101213" title="Special:网络书源/9780596101213"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9780596101213</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.aufirst=Jukka+K.&rft.aulast=Korpela&rft.btitle=Unicode+Explained&rft.date=2006-06-28&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780596101213&rft.pages=367&rft.pub=O%27Reilly+Media&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Latin2Speech-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Latin2Speech_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">van Leussen, Jan-Wilem; Tromp, Maarten. Latin to Speech: 6. 26 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.atitle=Latin+to+Speech&rft.au=Tromp%2C+Maarten&rft.aufirst=Jan-Wilem&rft.aulast=van+Leussen&rft.date=2007-07-26&rft.genre=article&rft.pages=6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HPlabs-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HPlabs_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kirshenbaum, Evan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040219055232/http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Evan_Kirshenbaum/IPA/faq.html">Hewlett Packard Labs</a>. HP labs. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2005-09-20</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Evan_Kirshenbaum/IPA/faq.html">原始内容</a>存档于2004-02-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&rft.atitle=Hewlett+Packard+Labs&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.aulast=Kirshenbaum&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HP+labs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpl.hp.com%2Fpersonal%2FEvan_Kirshenbaum%2FIPA%2Ffaq.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%AF%E7%94%B3%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419125856/http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/ascii-ipa.pdf">柯申鲍姆系统规范说明</a> (PDF文件)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000918223327/http://www.alt-usage-english.org/ipa/ascii_ipa_combined.shtml">语音采样的教程和指南</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926075623/http://www.kirshenbaum.net/IPA/index.html">历史</a></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="國際音標" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA" title="Template:国际音标导航"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:国际音标导航（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:国际音标导航"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="國際音標" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="國際音標">國際音標</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="IPA主题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">IPA主题</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际音标</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="国际语音学学会">国际语音学学会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="國際音標歷史">国际音标历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E6%93%B4%E5%B1%95" title="國際音標擴展">國際音標擴展</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际音标基尔公约" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="IPA Kiel Convention"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%94%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际音标基尔公约（页面不存在）">基尔公约 (1989)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_Kiel_Convention" class="extiw" title="en:IPA Kiel Convention"><span lang="en" dir="auto">IPA Kiel Convention</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际音标学学会杂志" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Journal of the International Phonetic Association"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际音标学学会杂志（页面不存在）">国际音标杂志(JIPA)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_International_Phonetic_Association" class="extiw" title="en:Journal of the International Phonetic Association"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Journal of the International Phonetic Association</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际音标命令约定" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Naming conventions of the International Phonetic Alphabet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E7%BA%A6%E5%AE%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际音标命令约定（页面不存在）">命名约定</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naming_conventions_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" class="extiw" title="en:Naming conventions of the International Phonetic Alphabet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Naming conventions of the International Phonetic Alphabet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">语音学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99#變音符號" title="國際音標">變音符號</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际音标音段" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Segment (linguistics)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E9%9F%B3%E6%AE%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际音标音段（页面不存在）">音段</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segment_(linguistics)" class="extiw" title="en:Segment (linguistics)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Segment (linguistics)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="声调字母" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tone letter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E8%AA%BF%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="聲調字母">声调字母</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_letter" class="extiw" title="en:Tone letter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tone letter</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%8D" title="调音部位">调音部位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95" title="调音方法">调音方法</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">特殊主题</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%AF%AB%E8%AE%8A%E9%AB%94" title="國際音標大小寫變體">國際音標大小寫變體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E6%89%8B%E5%AF%AB%E9%AB%94" title="國際音標手寫體">手写国际音标</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="废弃的和非标准的国标音标符号" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%9F%E5%BC%83%E7%9A%84%E5%92%8C%E9%9D%9E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E6%A0%87%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="废弃的和非标准的国标音标符号（页面不存在）">废弃的和非标准的符号</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsolete_and_nonstandard_symbols_in_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet" class="extiw" title="en:Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英語國際音標列表">英語國際音標列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">编码</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAMPA" title="SAMPA">SAMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kirshenbaum</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="TIPA (software)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="TIPA"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=TIPA_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TIPA (software)（页面不存在）">TIPA</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIPA" class="extiw" title="en:TIPA"><span lang="en" dir="auto">TIPA</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="Unicode中的音标符号">Unicode中的音标符号</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="WorldBet" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="WorldBet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WorldBet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WorldBet（页面不存在）">WorldBet</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WorldBet" class="extiw" title="en:WorldBet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">WorldBet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际音标盲文" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="IPA Braille"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E7%9B%B2%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际音标盲文（页面不存在）">国际音标盲文</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_Braille" class="extiw" title="en:IPA Braille"><span lang="en" dir="auto">IPA Braille</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="辅音" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3" title="辅音">辅音</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E9%83%A8%E6%B0%94%E6%B5%81%E9%9F%B3" title="肺部气流音">肺部气流音</a></b> <table class="" style="margin: auto; font-size: 114%;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%8D" title="调音部位">调音部位</a> → </th> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="唇音">唇</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%86%A0%E9%9F%B3" title="舌冠音">舌冠</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E8%83%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="舌背音">舌背</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="喉音">咽喉</a> </th></tr> <tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95" title="调音方法">调音方法</a> ↓ </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇音">雙唇</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒音">唇齒</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="舌唇音">舌唇</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%9F%B3" title="齿音">齒</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齒齦</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦後音">齦後</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌音">卷舌</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%88%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="龈腭音">齦腭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭音">硬腭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音">軟腭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌音">小舌</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E9%9F%B3" title="咽音">咽</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="會厭音">會⁠厭</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E9%9F%B3" title="聲門音">聲門</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3)" title="鼻音 (辅音)">鼻音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清双唇鼻音">m̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇鼻音">m</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒鼻音">ɱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="舌唇鼻音">n̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清齿龈鼻音">n̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦鼻音">n</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清卷舌鼻音">ɳ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌鼻音">ɳ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭鼻音">ɲ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭鼻音">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="清软腭鼻音">ŋ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭鼻音">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌鼻音">ɴ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇塞音">p</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇塞音">b</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齿塞音">p̪</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="浊唇齿塞音">b̪</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清舌唇塞音">t̼</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="浊舌唇塞音">d̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦塞音">t</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦塞音">d</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌塞音">ʈ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌塞音">ɖ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭塞音">c</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭塞音">ɟ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭塞音">k</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭塞音">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌塞音">q</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁小舌塞音">ɢ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E5%8E%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="会厌塞音">ʡ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="聲門塞音">ʔ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">有噝<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="塞擦音">塞擦音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦塞擦音">ts</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦塞擦音">dz</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清腭齦塞擦音">t̠ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁腭齦塞擦音">d̠ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌塞擦音">ʈʂ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊卷舌塞擦音">ɖʐ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%A6%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齦腭塞擦音">tɕ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BE%88%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊龈腭塞擦音">dʑ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">無噝塞擦音 </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清双唇塞擦音">pɸ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊双唇塞擦音">bβ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齿塞擦音">p̪f</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊唇齿塞擦音">b̪v</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒無噝塞擦音">t̪θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒無噝塞擦音">d̪ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦無噝塞擦音">tɹ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊齿龈无咝塞擦音">dɹ̝</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦後無噝塞擦音">t̠ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦後無噝塞擦音">d̠ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭塞擦音">cç</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭塞音">ɟʝ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭塞擦音">kx</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭塞擦音">ɡɣ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌塞擦音">qχ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁會厭塞擦音">ʡʢ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清聲門塞擦音">ʔh</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%9D%E9%9F%B3" title="咝音">有噝擦音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦擦音">s</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦擦音">z</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清腭齦擦音">ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁腭齦擦音">ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌擦音">ʂ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊卷舌擦音">ʐ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%A6%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齦腭擦音">ɕ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%A6%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齦腭擦音">ʑ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">無噝<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇擦音">ɸ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇擦音">β</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齒擦音">f</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁唇齒擦音">v</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清舌唇擦音">θ̼</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁舌唇擦音">ð̼</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒擦音">θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒擦音">ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="清齿龈无咝擦音">θ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="浊齿龈无咝擦音">ð̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦後無噝擦音">ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%99%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦後無噝擦音">ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E6%97%A0%E5%92%9D%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊卷舌无咝擦音">ɻ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭擦音">ç</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊硬腭擦音">ʝ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭擦音">x</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭擦音">ɣ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌擦音">χ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁小舌擦音">ʁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%92%BD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清咽擦音">ħ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%92%BD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="浊咽擦音">ʕ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清會厭擦音">ʜ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="濁會厭顫音">ʢ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%A3%B0%E9%97%A8%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清声门擦音">h</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁聲門擦音">ɦ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="近音">近音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齒近音">ʋ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒近音">ʋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦近音">ɹ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦近音">ɹ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌近音">ɻ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌近音">ɻ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清硬腭近音（页面不存在）">j̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭近音">j</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清軟腭近音（页面不存在）">ɰ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭近音">ɰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B1%E5%98%8E%E9%9F%B3%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="吱嘎音聲門近音">ʔ̞</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="闪音">闪音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇閃音">ⱱ̟</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒閃音">ⱱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E5%94%87%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="舌唇閃音">ɾ̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦閃音">ɾ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦閃音">ɾ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌閃音">ɽ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="卷舌闪音">ɽ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌閃音">ɢ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E5%8E%8C%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="会厌闪音">ʡ̆</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6)" title="颤音 (语音学)">顫音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇顫音">ʙ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇顫音">ʙ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="清齿龈颤音">r̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="齒齦顫音">r</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌顫音">ɽ̊r̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌顫音">ɽr</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌顫音">ʀ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌顫音">ʀ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="边音">邊</a>塞擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齿龈边塞擦音">tɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦邊塞擦音">dɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌邊塞擦音">ʈɭ̊˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭邊塞擦音">cʎ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭邊塞擦音">kʟ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭邊塞擦音">ɡʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦邊擦音">ɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦邊擦音">ɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌邊擦音">ɭ̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌邊擦音">ɭ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭邊擦音">ʎ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭邊擦音">ʎ̝</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭邊擦音">ʟ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭邊擦音">ʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊近音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清齿龈边近音">l̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈边近音">l</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌邊近音">ɭ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="卷舌边近音">ɭ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭邊近音">ʎ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭边音">ʎ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭邊近音">ʟ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭邊音">ʟ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌邊近音">ʟ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊闪音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="齒齦邊閃音">ɺ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌邊閃音">ɭ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭邊閃音">ʎ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%82%8A%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭邊閃音">ʟ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_pulmonic_consonants" title="Template:IPA pulmonic consonants">模板</a></li></ul> </div> <p>當符號成對出現時，左邊的是清音，右邊的是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3" title="清濁音">濁音</a>。<span style="display: inline-block;">陰影區域表示被認為是不可能的發音。</span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="nowrap"><div style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E8%82%BA%E9%83%A8%E6%B0%94%E6%B5%81%E9%9F%B3" title="非肺部气流音">非肺部气流音</a></b> <table class="" style="font-size: 114%;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable" style=""> <tbody><tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇音">雙唇</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒音">唇齒</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%9F%B3" title="齿音">齒</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齒齦</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦後音">齦後</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌音">捲舌</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭音">硬腭</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音">軟腭</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌音">小舌</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="會厭音">会厌</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%A4%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="挤喉音">挤喉音</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E6%8C%A4%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="双唇挤喉塞音">pʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉音">tʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌擠喉音">ʈʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭擠喉音">cʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉音">kʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌擠喉音">qʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="會厭擠喉音">ʡʼ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="塞擦音">塞擦音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒擠喉塞擦音">t̪θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉塞擦音">tsʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="腭齦擠喉塞擦音">t̠ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌擠喉塞擦音">ʈʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉塞擦音">kxʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌擠喉塞擦音">qχʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇擠喉擦音">ɸʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒擠喉擦音">fʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒擠喉擦音">θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉擦音">sʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="腭齦擠喉擦音">ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌擠喉擦音">ʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭擠喉擦音">çʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉擦音">xʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌擠喉擦音">χʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="边音">邊</a>塞擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉邊塞擦音">tɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭擠喉邊塞擦音">cʎ̝̊ʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭擠喉邊塞擦音">kʟ̝̊ʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">邊擦音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A0%E5%96%89%E9%82%8A%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦擠喉邊擦音">ɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="搭嘴音">搭嘴音</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="不送氣">不送氣音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣雙唇搭嘴音">ʘ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%BD%92%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣齒搭嘴音">ǀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣齒齦搭嘴音">ǃ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣捲舌搭嘴音">𝼊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="不送氣硬腭搭嘴音">ǂ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="軟腭搭嘴音">ʞ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3" title="清濁音">濁音</a> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇搭嘴音">ʘ̬</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒搭嘴音">ǀ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦搭嘴音">ǃ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌搭嘴音">𝼊̬</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭搭嘴音">ǂ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鼻搭嘴音" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasal click"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻搭嘴音（页面不存在）">鼻搭嘴音</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_click" class="extiw" title="en:Nasal click"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasal click</span></a></span>）</span></span> </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇鼻搭嘴音">ʘ̃</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齒鼻搭嘴音">ǀ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦鼻搭嘴音">ǃ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌鼻搭嘴音">𝼊̃</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭鼻搭嘴音">ǂ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">不送氣<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈边搭嘴音">邊音</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3%E9%82%8A%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="不送氣邊搭嘴音">ǁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">濁邊音 </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%82%8A%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="濁邊搭嘴音">ǁ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E9%BC%BB%E6%90%AD%E5%98%B4%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦邊鼻搭嘴音">ǁ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="內爆音">內爆音</a> </th> <th scope="row">濁音 </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊双唇内爆音">ɓ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊齿龈内爆音">ɗ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌內爆音">ᶑ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="濁硬腭內爆音">ʄ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊软腭内爆音">ɠ</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="濁小舌內爆音">ʛ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">清音 </th> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E5%8F%8C%E5%94%87%E5%86%85%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="浊双唇内爆音">ɓ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦內爆音">ɗ̥</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌內爆音">ᶑ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清硬腭內爆音">ʄ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭內爆音">ɠ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%85%A7%E7%88%86%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌內爆音">ʛ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_non-pulmonic_consonants" title="Template:IPA non-pulmonic consonants">模板</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="display: inline-block;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E5%90%8C%E8%B0%83%E9%9F%B3" title="协同调音">协同调音</a></b> <table class="" style="font-size: 114%;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="nowrap IPA-coarticulated-main IPA-coarticulated-nocaption" style=""> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3)" title="鼻音 (辅音)">鼻音</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">n͡m</span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E8%88%8C%E5%86%A0%E9%9F%B3" title="唇舌冠音">唇舌冠音</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="唇软腭鼻音">ŋ͡m</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="唇软腭鼻音">唇软腭鼻音</a></div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齦音">t͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齦音">d͡b</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">唇齒齦塞音</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇软腭塞音">k͡p</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%94%87%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁唇軟腭塞音">ɡ͡b</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">唇軟腭塞音</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">q͡ʡ</span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌會厭音">小舌會厭音</a></div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ɧ</span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/%C9%A7" title="ɧ">Sj音</a></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="近音">近音</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="清圓唇硬腭近音">ɥ̊</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="圓唇硬腭近音">ɥ</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="唇硬腭音">唇硬腭音</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%9C%86%E5%94%87%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清圆唇软腭近音">ʍ</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="濁圓唇軟腭近音">w</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">唇軟腭音</div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E5%8C%96%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭化齿龈边音">邊近音</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E5%8C%96%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭化齿龈边音">ɫ</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%8C%96" title="軟腭化">軟腭化</a>齒齦音</div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3%E5%8C%96" title="鼻音化">鼻化</a>近音</div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻硬腭近音（页面不存在）">j̃</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">硬腭音</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻化圓唇軟腭近音（页面不存在）">w̃</a></span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">唇軟腭音</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BC%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%A3%B0%E9%97%A8%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="清鼻化声门近音">h̃</a></span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">聲門音</div> </div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_co-articulated_consonants" title="Template:IPA co-articulated consonants">模板</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="元音" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <table class="" style="margin: auto; font-size: 114%;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-nocaption IPA-vowels-noaudio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="前元音">前</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="央元音">央</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="後元音">後</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉元音">閉</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉前不圓唇元音">i</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉前圓唇元音">y</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉央不圓唇元音">ɨ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉央圓唇元音">ʉ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉後不圓唇元音">ɯ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉後圓唇元音">u</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉元音">次閉</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉前不圓唇元音">ɪ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉前圓唇元音">ʏ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(4px, 6px); transform: translate(4px, 6px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%97%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%86%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次闭央不圆唇元音">ɨ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(4px, 6px); transform: translate(4px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(4px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(4px, 6px); transform: translate(4px, 6px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉央圓唇元音">ʉ̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉後不圓唇元音">ɯ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -o-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉後圓唇元音">ʊ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉元音">半閉</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉前不圓唇元音">e</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉前圓唇元音">ø</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉央不圓唇元音">ɘ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉央圓唇元音">ɵ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉後不圓唇元音">ɤ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉後圓唇元音">o</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中元音">中</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%86%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中前不圆唇元音">e̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中前圓唇元音">ø̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-single" style="-moz-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中央元音">ə</a></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中後不圓唇元音">ɤ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中後圓唇元音">o̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開元音">半開</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開前不圓唇元音">ɛ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開前圓唇元音">œ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開央不圓唇元音">ɜ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開央圓唇元音">ɞ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開後不圓唇元音">ʌ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -o-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開後圓唇元音">ɔ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開元音">次開</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開前不圓唇元音">æ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-single" style="-moz-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -o-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次開央元音">ɐ</a></span></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開元音">開</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開前不圓唇元音">a</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開前圓唇元音">ɶ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開央不圓唇元音">ä</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開央圓唇元音">ɒ̈</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開後不圓唇元音">ɑ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-moz-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -o-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開後圓唇元音">ɒ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標說明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E8%A1%A8" title="国际音标表">国际音标表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_vowels" title="Template:IPA vowels">模板</a></li></ul> </div> <p><span class="nowrap">表內成對的元音分別為<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%BA%A6" title="元音圓唇度">不圓唇／圓唇</a>。</span> </p> 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