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class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Brenda Banwell</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1967<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Winnipeg, Canada</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario">University of Western Ontario</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">International expert in pediatric demyelinating diseases including <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuromyelitis optica">neuromyelitis optica</a> and <a href="/wiki/MOG_antibody_disease" title="MOG antibody disease">MOG antibody disease</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">2007 Women Against Multiple Sclerosis - Woman of the Year Award, 2015 <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Neurology" title="American Academy of Neurology">American Academy of Neurology</a> <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Carter" title="Sydney Carter">Sydney Carter</a> Lifetime Achievement Award in Child Neurology, 2016 The Lady Barbara Colyton Prize for Autoimmune Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category">Neurology, pediatrics, neuroimmunology, neuromuscular disease</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data">University of Toronto<br />University of Pennsylvania Medical School<br />Children's Hospital of Philadelphia</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Brenda Banwell</b> is Chief of the Division of Neurology and Co-Director of the <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a> Center, and Professor of <a href="/wiki/Neurology" title="Neurology">Neurology</a> at <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Hospital_of_Philadelphia" title="Children's Hospital of Philadelphia">Children's Hospital of Philadelphia</a> and holder of the Grace R. Loeb Endowed Chair in Neurosciences. She also holds the title of Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology at the <a href="/wiki/Perelman_School_of_Medicine_at_the_University_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania">Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania</a>. </p><p>Banwell is the co-director of the Pediatric <a href="/wiki/Multiple_Sclerosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple Sclerosis">Multiple Sclerosis</a> and Neuroinflammatory Disorders Clinic at the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Hospital_of_Philadelphia" title="Children's Hospital of Philadelphia">Children's Hospital of Philadelphia</a>. She has published extensively on pediatric demyelinating diseases including <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuromyelitis optica">neuromyelitis optica</a> and <a href="/wiki/MOG_antibody_disease" title="MOG antibody disease">MOG antibody disease</a>. Banwell is the co-director of the Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the chair of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Pediatric_Multiple_Sclerosis_Study_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (page does not exist)">International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the chair of the International Medical and Scientific Board of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=MS_International_Federation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS International Federation (page does not exist)">MS International Federation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banwell also sits on the International Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Drugs in Multiple Sclerosis.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Banwell is a fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Neurology" title="American Academy of Neurology">American Academy of Neurology</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and serves as vice chair of the Academic Neurology Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has been active in the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS), delivering the 2022 ECTRIMS lecture.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Banwell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Banwell was born in Winnipeg, Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She did her undergraduate training at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario">University of Western Ontario</a>, where she remained for her MD and her residency in pediatrics. She completed her pediatric <a href="/wiki/Neurology" title="Neurology">neurology</a> residency at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> <a href="/wiki/Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" title="Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">Hospital for Sick Children</a>, where she was chief resident. She then went to <a href="/wiki/Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a> for a two year fellowship in <a href="/wiki/Neuromuscular_disease" title="Neuromuscular disease">neuromuscular disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career_and_Research">Career and Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Banwell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career and Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Banwell returned to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> <a href="/wiki/Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" title="Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">Hospital for Sick Children</a> as an assistant professor in 1999. She became a full professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> in 2012. In July 2012, she took a position as full professor in neurology and pediatrics at and chief of neurology at the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Hospital_of_Philadelphia" title="Children's Hospital of Philadelphia">Children's Hospital of Philadelphia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research_in_Multiple_Sclerosis">Research in Multiple Sclerosis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Banwell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Research in Multiple Sclerosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Banwell initially took her position at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> intending to focus on <a href="/wiki/Neuromuscular_disease" title="Neuromuscular disease">neuromuscular disease</a> in children. When she inherited five patients with <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a> from a retiring physician, she reports that her focus shifted to pediatric demyelinating disease.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To better study a rare disease, Banwell created the Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network in 2004, a multi-site network including all pediatric health-care facilities in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has allowed Banwell and co-investigators to better understand diagnosis, treatment, and comorbidities of pediatric demyelinating disease. </p><p><b>Diagnosis:</b> Banwell has been instrumented in evaluating the use of the <a href="/wiki/McDonald_criteria" title="McDonald criteria">McDonald criteria</a> - standardized criteria to diagnose multiple sclerosis through determination of dissemination of <a href="/wiki/Central_nervous_system" title="Central nervous system">central nervous system</a> demyelination in space and time - in pediatric <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has been the primary pediatric neurologist involved in international work to develop updates of the <a href="/wiki/McDonald_criteria" title="McDonald criteria">McDonald criteria</a> for adults and children in 2010<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Treatment:</b> While many medications have become available for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a> over the last three decades, testing in children has been challenging due to the rarity of pediatric multiple sclerosis and ethical considerations with the use of placebo.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To facilitate and improve clinical trial design, Banwell created and currently chairs the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. This allowed for the success of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=PARADIGMS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PARADIGMS (page does not exist)">PARADIGMS</a> clinical trial, studying the safety and efficacy of <a href="/wiki/Fingolimod" title="Fingolimod">fingolimod</a> in a comparison with <a href="/wiki/Interferon_beta-1a" title="Interferon beta-1a">interferon beta-1a</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and led to approval of fingolimod by the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> for pediatric multiple sclerosis, the first approval of a medication for this indication.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Comorbidities:</b> Banwell's work has shown that while children may recover physically from flares of multiple sclerosis, neuropsychological deficits may be apparent on testing, particularly in those who present at a younger age.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This knowledge has changed how families are counseled and supported through the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acute_Disseminated_Encephalomyelitis,_Neuromyelitis_Optica_and_MOG_Antibody_Disease"><span id="Acute_Disseminated_Encephalomyelitis.2C_Neuromyelitis_Optica_and_MOG_Antibody_Disease"></span>Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, Neuromyelitis Optica and MOG Antibody Disease</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Banwell&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, Neuromyelitis Optica and MOG Antibody Disease"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because demyelinating diseases in the pediatric population can be difficult to distinguish from each other, Banwell has worked to define and provide clinical guidelines for physicians working to delineate the diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Banwell was on the International Panel for NMO Diagnosis (IPND) to develop international consensus diagnostic criteria for what became termed <a href="/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuromyelitis optica">neuromyelitis optica</a> spectrum disorder (NMO-SD).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has also worked to determine the best treatment options for pediatric <a href="/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuromyelitis optica">NMO-SD</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/MOG_antibody_disease" title="MOG antibody disease">MOG antibody disease</a> (MOGAD) was first described in the early 2000s as a subset of cases of <a href="/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuromyelitis optica">neuromyelitis optica</a> with antibodies to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myelin_oligocyte_glycoprotein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myelin oligocyte glycoprotein (page does not exist)">myelin oligocyte glycoprotein</a> (MOG).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banwell and colleagues worked to characterize pediatric MOGAD to determine methods of diagnosis,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> treatment options,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and prognosis.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Banwell&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1989-1991 <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omega_Alpha" title="Alpha Omega Alpha">Alpha Omega Alpha</a> Honor Society</li> <li>1997 American Academy of Neurology Resident Scholarship Award</li> <li>1997 The President's Prize of the Canadian Congress of Neurological Sciences</li> <li>2000 The Department of Neurology Research Award, Mayo Clinic</li> <li>2002 Faculty Award for Clinical Excellence, <a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a></li> <li>2002 The William A. Hawke Award, Clinical Excellence in Teaching, <a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a></li> <li>2004 The William A. Hawke Award-Clinical Excellence in Teaching, <a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a></li> <li>2006 The William A. Hawke Award-Clinical Excellence in Teaching, <a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a></li> <li>2006 AAN Leadership Development Program (Selected), American Academy of Neurology</li> <li>2007 Women Against Multiple Sclerosis - Woman of the Year Award</li> <li>2008 Robert Salter Humanitarian Award Nominee-<a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a></li> <li>2012 The CANMEDS Award for Clinical Excellence, Division of Neurology, <a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a></li> <li>2012 The William A. Hawke Award-Clinical Excellence in Teaching, <a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_for_Sick_Children_(Toronto)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)">The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto)</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015 The American Academy of Neurology Sydney Carter Lifetime Achievement Award in Child Neurology<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2016 The Lady Barbara Colyton Prize for Autoimmune Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Banwell&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maelstrom-research.org/study/cpddn">"Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network"</a>. <i>Maelstrom</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maelstrom&rft.atitle=Canadian+Pediatric+Demyelinating+Disease+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maelstrom-research.org%2Fstudy%2Fcpddn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ipmssg.org/professionals/ipmssg-membership/committees/">"INTERNATIONAL PEDIATRIC MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS STUDY GROUP (IPMSSG) FOR MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS"</a>. <i>International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group</i>. 31 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Pediatric+Multiple+Sclerosis+Study+Group&rft.atitle=INTERNATIONAL+PEDIATRIC+MULTIPLE+SCLEROSIS+STUDY+GROUP+%28IPMSSG%29+FOR+MEDICAL+PROFESSIONALS&rft.date=2014-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fipmssg.org%2Fprofessionals%2Fipmssg-membership%2Fcommittees%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msif.org/about-us/governance/international-medical-and-scientific-board/">"International Medical and Scientific Board"</a>. <i>MS International Federation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MS+International+Federation&rft.atitle=International+Medical+and+Scientific+Board&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msif.org%2Fabout-us%2Fgovernance%2Finternational-medical-and-scientific-board%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mscanada.ca/ms-research/our-research-program/dr-brenda-banwell">"Dr. Brenda Banwell"</a>. <i>MS Canada</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MS+Canada&rft.atitle=Dr.+Brenda+Banwell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmscanada.ca%2Fms-research%2Four-research-program%2Fdr-brenda-banwell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sageneuroscience.libsyn.com/jcn-the-american-academy-of-neurology-for-pediatric-neurologists">"The American Academy of Neurology for Pediatric Neurologists"</a>. <i>SAGE Neuroscience and Neurology</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SAGE+Neuroscience+and+Neurology&rft.atitle=The+American+Academy+of+Neurology+for+Pediatric+Neurologists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsageneuroscience.libsyn.com%2Fjcn-the-american-academy-of-neurology-for-pediatric-neurologists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aan.com/membership/academic-neurology-committee">"Academic Neurology Committee"</a>. <i>American Academy of Neurology</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Academy+of+Neurology&rft.atitle=Academic+Neurology+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aan.com%2Fmembership%2Facademic-neurology-committee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanwell" class="citation journal cs1">Banwell, Brenda. "European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis". <i>Multiple Sclerosis Journal</i>. <b>29</b> (7). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F13524585231171047">10.1177/13524585231171047</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:258968920">258968920</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Multiple+Sclerosis+Journal&rft.atitle=European+Committee+for+Treatment+and+Research+in+Multiple+Sclerosis&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F13524585231171047&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A258968920%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Banwell&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshwal2021" class="citation book cs1">Ashwal, Stephen (2021). <i>Child Neurology: Its Origins, Founders, Growth and Evolution</i>. New York: Elsevier Science. p. 609. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0128216354" title="Special:BookSources/978-0128216354"><bdi>978-0128216354</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Child+Neurology%3A+Its+Origins%2C+Founders%2C+Growth+and+Evolution&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=609&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0128216354&rft.aulast=Ashwal&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrenda+Banwell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ectrims-congress.eu/fileadmin/files/2018/ectrims2018/Meet_the_Faculty/CV/Banwell__Brenda.pdf">"02/09/2018 Brenda Louise Banwell, MD Address"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>eCTRIMS 2021</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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