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id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chicora</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Chicora" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Chicora" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Chicora" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Chicora_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Chicora (disambiguation)">Chicora (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p><b>Chicora</b> was a legendary <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> kingdom or tribe sought during the 16th century by various European explorers in present-day <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>. The legend originated after Spanish slave traders captured an Indian they called <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Chicora" title="Francisco de Chicora">Francisco de Chicora</a> in 1521; afterward, they came to treat Francisco's home country as a land of abundant wealth and natural resources. The "Chicora Legend" influenced both the Spanish and the French in their attempts to colonize North America for the next 60 years. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg/220px-South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="450" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg/330px-South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg/440px-South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="3000"></a><figcaption>Artitle in <i>The News-Palladium</i> (1895) describing "Chicora" as the original name of <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg/220px-Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg/330px-Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg/440px-Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="1536"></a><figcaption>"Chicora the original name of Carolina", an 1861 song by E. Marks and A. Hatschek.</figcaption></figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>In 1521, Spanish slavers Pedro de Quexo and Francisco Gordillo embarked on an expedition from the Caribbean to the little-explored mainland of what is now the <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern United States</a>. On June 24, they sighted what is thought to be the area around the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Santee_River" title="Santee River">Santee River</a>; they named their discovery the Land of <a href="/wiki/St._John_the_Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John the Baptist">St. John the Baptist</a>. For the next 22 days they explored the river and nearby <a href="/wiki/Winyah_Bay" title="Winyah Bay">Winyah Bay</a> and made contact with the locals, including, they claimed, a town or people called Chicora. Ultimately, the slavers compelled around 60 Indians to board their ships and then sailed off without warning, intending to sell the captives into slavery in <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a>. Among the captives was an Indian who the Spanish eventually named <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Chicora" title="Francisco de Chicora">Francisco de Chicora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984419–421_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984419%E2%80%93421-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon their return, Gordillo's backer <a href="/wiki/Lucas_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Ayll%C3%B3n" title="Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón">Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón</a> petitioned the Spanish <a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia" title="Real Audiencia">Real Audiencia</a> for the right to conquer and settle the land. The next year he took his case to the crown in Spain, promoting his claim with evidently exaggerated tales about the bounty that awaited in Chicora. By this time Francisco de Chicora (or Francisco Chicorano) had been baptized and learned Spanish, and started working as Ayllón's personal servant. He joined Ayllón in Spain, and contributed to his master's accounts of the wealth of his homeland. Ayllón moved the coordinates of the land from the 33.5 degrees north recorded by Gordillo to 35–37 degrees. Evidently, this was an effort to sell Chicora as a "new <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a>" by giving it parallel coordinates to the famously fertile area of Spain. The Crown granted Ayllón's request. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Martyr_d%27Anghiera" title="Peter Martyr d'Anghiera">Peter Martyr d'Anghiera</a> also met with Ayllón and Francisco and recorded notes about "Chicora", which spread awareness of the territory, particularly after they were published in Martyr's chronicle <i>Decade</i> in 1530.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984421–423_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984421%E2%80%93423-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only 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id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHoffman1984" class="citation journal cs1">Hoffman, Paul E. (April 1984). "The Chicora Legend and Franco-Spanish Rivalry in La Florida". <i>The Florida Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>62</b> (4): 419–438. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30146593">30146593</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Chicora+Legend+and+Franco-Spanish+Rivalry+in+La+Florida&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=419-438&rft.date=1984-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30146593%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Paul+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChicora" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicora&oldid=1212280686">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicora&oldid=1212280686</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Yuchitown" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1709774975"> <span>Last edited on 7 March 2024, at 01:29</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicora" title="Chicora – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Chicora" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicora_(volk)" title="Chicora (volk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chicora (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; 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