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cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info-current"><p><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">current revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:Yuchitown" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Yuchitown" data-mw-revid="1212280686"><bdi>Yuchitown</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Yuchitown" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Yuchitown">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Yuchitown" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Yuchitown">contribs</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">01:29, 7 March 2024</span><span id="mw-revision-summary"> <span class="comment">(change cats)</span></span>. The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this version.</b></p><div id="revision-info-current-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 01:29, 7 March 2024 by <a href="/wiki/User:Yuchitown" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Yuchitown" data-mw-revid="1212280686"><bdi>Yuchitown</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Yuchitown" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Yuchitown">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Yuchitown" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Yuchitown">contribs</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(change cats)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&diff=prev&oldid=1212280686" title="Chicora">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&direction=prev&oldid=1212280686" title="Chicora">← Previous revision</a> | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Legendary Native American kingdom</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Chicora_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Chicora (disambiguation)">Chicora (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg/220px-South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="450" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg/330px-South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg/440px-South_Carolina_original_name_Chicora_The_News_Palladium_Thu_May_16_1895.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Artitle in <i>The News-Palladium</i> (1895) describing "Chicora" as the original name of <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg/220px-Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg/330px-Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg/440px-Chicora_the_original_name_of_Carolina._Respectfully_dedicated_to_the_patriotic_ladies_of_the_Southern_Confederated_States_of_North_American_LCCN2008661625.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>"Chicora the original name of Carolina", an 1861 song by E. Marks and A. Hatschek.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Chicora</b> was a legendary <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> kingdom or tribe sought during the 16th century by various European explorers in present-day <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>. The legend originated after Spanish slave traders captured an Indian they called <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Chicora" title="Francisco de Chicora">Francisco de Chicora</a> in 1521; afterward, they came to treat Francisco's home country as a land of abundant wealth and natural resources. The "Chicora Legend" influenced both the Spanish and the French in their attempts to colonize North America for the next 60 years. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1521, Spanish slavers Pedro de Quexo and Francisco Gordillo embarked on an expedition from the Caribbean to the little-explored mainland of what is now the <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern United States</a>. On June 24, they sighted what is thought to be the area around the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Santee_River" title="Santee River">Santee River</a>; they named their discovery the Land of <a href="/wiki/St._John_the_Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John the Baptist">St. John the Baptist</a>. For the next 22 days they explored the river and nearby <a href="/wiki/Winyah_Bay" title="Winyah Bay">Winyah Bay</a> and made contact with the locals, including, they claimed, a town or people called Chicora. Ultimately, the slavers compelled around 60 Indians to board their ships and then sailed off without warning, intending to sell the captives into slavery in <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a>. Among the captives was an Indian who the Spanish eventually named <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Chicora" title="Francisco de Chicora">Francisco de Chicora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984419–421_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984419–421-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon their return, Gordillo's backer <a href="/wiki/Lucas_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Ayll%C3%B3n" title="Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón">Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón</a> petitioned the Spanish <a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia" title="Real Audiencia">Real Audiencia</a> for the right to conquer and settle the land. The next year he took his case to the crown in Spain, promoting his claim with evidently exaggerated tales about the bounty that awaited in Chicora. By this time Francisco de Chicora (or Francisco Chicorano) had been baptized and learned Spanish, and started working as Ayllón's personal servant. He joined Ayllón in Spain, and contributed to his master's accounts of the wealth of his homeland. Ayllón moved the coordinates of the land from the 33.5 degrees north recorded by Gordillo to 35–37 degrees. Evidently, this was an effort to sell Chicora as a "new <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a>" by giving it parallel coordinates to the famously fertile area of Spain. The Crown granted Ayllón's request. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Martyr_d%27Anghiera" title="Peter Martyr d'Anghiera">Peter Martyr d'Anghiera</a> also met with Ayllón and Francisco and recorded notes about "Chicora", which spread awareness of the territory, particularly after they were published in Martyr's chronicle <i>Decade</i> in 1530.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984421–423_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984421–423-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984419–421-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984419–421_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoffman1984">Hoffman 1984</a>, pp. 419–421.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984421–423-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoffman1984421–423_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoffman1984">Hoffman 1984</a>, pp. 421–423.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHoffman1984" class="citation journal cs1">Hoffman, Paul E. (April 1984). "The Chicora Legend and Franco-Spanish Rivalry in La Florida". <i>The Florida Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>62</b> (4): 419–438. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30146593">30146593</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Chicora+Legend+and+Franco-Spanish+Rivalry+in+La+Florida&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=419-438&rft.date=1984-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30146593%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Paul+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChicora" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicora&oldid=1212280686">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicora&oldid=1212280686</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Category:French colonization of the Americas">French colonization of the Americas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mythological_kingdoms,_empires,_and_countries" title="Category:Mythological kingdoms, empires, and countries">Mythological kingdoms, empires, and countries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Native_American_history_of_South_Carolina" title="Category:Native American history of South Carolina">Native American history of South Carolina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pre-statehood_history_of_South_Carolina" title="Category:Pre-statehood history of South Carolina">Pre-statehood history of South Carolina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Category:Spanish colonization of the Americas">Spanish colonization of the Americas</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 7 March 2024, at 01:29<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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