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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaliyomo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tanbihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tanbihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tanbihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tanbihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vyanzo_vikuu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vyanzo_vikuu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vyanzo vikuu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vyanzo_vikuu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vyanzo_vingine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vyanzo_vingine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vyanzo vingine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vyanzo_vingine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marejeo_mengine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo_mengine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Marejeo mengine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marejeo_mengine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viungo_vya_nje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Viungo vya nje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Teolojia ya shule</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 79 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-79" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 79</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastiek" title="Skolastiek – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skolastiek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9)" title="مدرسية (فلسفة) – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مدرسية (فلسفة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%87" title="سكولايه – Kiarabu cha Misri" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سكولايه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu cha Misri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica" title="Escolástica – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escolástica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sxolastika" title="Sxolastika – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sxolastika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="اسکولاستیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اسکولاستیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схаластыка – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Схаластыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrasiah" title="Madrasiah – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Madrasiah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – Kibosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Kibosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A0stica" title="Escolàstica – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escolàstica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سکۆلاستیزم – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سکۆلاستیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastika" title="Scholastika – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Scholastika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kichuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Kichuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysgolaeth" title="Ysgolaeth – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ysgolaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastik" title="Skolastik – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skolastik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastik" title="Scholastik – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Scholastik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Σχολαστικισμός – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σχολαστικισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Scholasticism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastiko" title="Skolastiko – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Skolastiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica" title="Escolástica – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escolástica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskolastika" title="Eskolastika – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskolastika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فلسفه مدرسی – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فلسفه مدرسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastiikka" title="Skolastiikka – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Skolastiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastique" title="Scolastique – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scolastique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastyk" title="Skolastyk – Kifrisia cha Magharibi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skolastyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Magharibi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica_(filosof%C3%ADa)" title="Escolástica (filosofía) – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escolástica (filosofía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="סכולסטיקה – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סכולסטיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="विद्वतावाद – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विद्वतावाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolasztikus_filoz%C3%B3fia" title="Skolasztikus filozófia – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Skolasztikus filozófia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Սխոլաստիկա – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սխոլաստիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastica" title="Scholastica – Kiintalingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scholastica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Kiintalingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastisisme" title="Skolastisisme – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Skolastisisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastica" title="Scolastica – lugha ya kisayansi" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Scolastica" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="lugha ya kisayansi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastikismo" title="Skolastikismo – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Skolastikismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B3laspeki" title="Skólaspeki – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skólaspeki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastica_(filosofia)" title="Scolastica (filosofia) – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scolastica (filosofia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="スコラ学 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スコラ学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="სქოლასტიკა – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სქოლასტიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_%C3%A1sir_sxolastikas%C4%B1" title="Orta ásir sxolastikası – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Orta ásir sxolastikası" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="스콜라주의 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스콜라주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kikyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kikyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastica_(philosophia)" title="Scholastica (philosophia) – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scholastica (philosophia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastika" title="Scholastika – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Scholastika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sholastika" title="Sholastika – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sholastika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B4lastika" title="Skôlastika – Kimalagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Skôlastika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Kimalagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="സ്കൊളാസ്റ്റിസിസം – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്കൊളാസ്റ്റിസിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastiek" title="Scholastiek – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scholastiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastikk" title="Skolastikk – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Skolastikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastikk" title="Skolastikk – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skolastikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A2tique" title="Escolâtique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Escolâtique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escolastica" title="Escolastica – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Escolastica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਵਿਦਵਤਾਵਾਦ – Kipunjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਦਵਤਾਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Kipunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastyka_(filozofia)" title="Scholastyka (filozofia) – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Scholastyka (filozofia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%9A%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87" title="ښوونیزه فلسفه – Kipashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ښوونیزه فلسفه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Kipashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escol%C3%A1stica" title="Escolástica – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escolástica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolastic%C4%83" title="Scolastică – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scolastică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%BE%D9%84_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="اھل علميت – Kisindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اھل علميت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Kisindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Scholasticism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholastika_(filozofia)" title="Scholastika (filozofia) – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Scholastika (filozofia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastika" title="Skolastika – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Skolastika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastik" title="Skolastik – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skolastik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="ลัทธิอัสมาจารย์ – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิอัสมาจารย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolastik_felsefe" title="Skolastik felsefe – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Skolastik felsefe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Схоластика – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Схоластика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اصول متکلمین – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اصول متکلمین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sxolastika" title="Sxolastika – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sxolastika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BB%8Dc_kinh_vi%E1%BB%87n" title="Triết học kinh viện – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Triết học kinh viện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskolastika" title="Eskolastika – Kiwaray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Eskolastika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Kiwaray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BA%E8%88%8D%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="寺舍学派 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="寺舍学派" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Kichina cha Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%99%A2%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="经院哲学 – Kichina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="经院哲学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kichina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E9%99%A2%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="經院哲學 – Kikantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="經院哲學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kikantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41679#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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title="Teolojia">teolojia</a> iliyoanza katika <a href="/wiki/Shule" title="Shule">shule</a> za <a href="/wiki/Monasteri" title="Monasteri">monasteri</a> zilipogundua upya <a href="/wiki/Falsafa" title="Falsafa">falsafa</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Aristoteli" title="Aristoteli">Aristoteli</a> kupitia <a href="/wiki/Tafsiri" title="Tafsiri">tafsiri</a> za wanafalsafa <a href="/wiki/Wayahudi" title="Wayahudi">Wayahudi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Waislamu" class="mw-redirect" title="Waislamu">Waislamu</a>. </p><p>Katika juhudi ya kulinganisha <a href="/wiki/Metafizikia" title="Metafizikia">metafizikia</a> hiyo na teolojia ya <a href="/wiki/Kanisa_la_Magharibi" title="Kanisa la Magharibi">Ukristo wa Magharibi</a>, iliwekwa <a href="/wiki/Msingi" title="Msingi">misingi</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Chuo_Kikuu" title="Chuo Kikuu">vyuo vikuu</a> vya <a href="/wiki/Enzi_ya_kati" title="Enzi ya kati">Karne za Kati</a>, na hatimaye ya <a href="/wiki/Ustawi" title="Ustawi">ustawi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Sayansi" title="Sayansi">sayansi</a>. </p><p>Teolojia hiyo ilitawala <a href="/wiki/Elimu" title="Elimu">elimu</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Ulaya" title="Ulaya">Ulaya</a> miaka <a href="/wiki/1100" title="1100">1100</a>-<a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a> hivi<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Kati ya wawakilishi wakuu wa shule hiyo kuna: <a href="/wiki/Anselm_wa_Canterbury" title="Anselm wa Canterbury">Anselm wa Canterbury</a> ("baba wa falsafa ya shule"<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petro_Abelardo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petro Abelardo (bado haujaandikwa)">Petro Abelardo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleksanda_wa_Hales" title="Aleksanda wa Hales">Aleksanda wa Hales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Mkuu" title="Alberto Mkuu">Alberto Mkuu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yohane_Duns_Scotus" title="Yohane Duns Scotus">Yohane Duns Scotus</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_wa_Ockham" title="William wa Ockham">William wa Ockham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonaventura_wa_Bagnoregio" title="Bonaventura wa Bagnoregio">Bonaventura wa Bagnoregio</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Thoma_wa_Akwino" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoma wa Akwino">Thoma wa Akwino</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kitabu" title="Kitabu">Kitabu</a> chake bora, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Summa_Theologica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Summa Theologica (bado haujaandikwa)">Summa Theologica</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1265" title="1265">1265</a>–<a href="/wiki/1274" title="1274">1274</a>) kinahesabika kilele cha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Falsafa_ya_shule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falsafa ya shule (bado haujaandikwa)">falsafa ya shule</a>, ya Karne za Kati na ya <a href="/wiki/Ukristo" title="Ukristo">Kikristo</a> kwa jumla<sup id="cite_ref-GilsonP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GilsonP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Tanbihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tanbihi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See Steven P. Marone, "Medieval philosophy in context" in A. S. McGrade, ed., <i>The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Philosophy</i> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). On the difference between scholastic and medieval monastic postures towards learning, see Jean Leclercq, <i>The Love of Learning and the Desire for God</i> (New York: Fordham University Press, 1970) esp. 89; 238ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grant, Edward. <i>God and Reason in the Middle Ages.</i> Cambridge University Press, 2004, 56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GilsonP-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GilsonP_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGilson1991" class="citation book cs1">Gilson, Etienne (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spiritofmediaeva0000gils"><i>The Spirit of Medieval Philosophy (Gifford Lectures 1933–35)</i></a>. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. ku. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spiritofmediaeva0000gils/page/490">490</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-268-01740-8" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-268-01740-8"><bdi>978-0-268-01740-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spirit+of+Medieval+Philosophy+%28Gifford+Lectures+1933%E2%80%9335%29&rft.place=Notre+Dame%2C+IN&rft.pages=490&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-268-01740-8&rft.aulast=Gilson&rft.aufirst=Etienne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspiritofmediaeva0000gils&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vyanzo_vikuu">Vyanzo vikuu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Hariri sehemu: Vyanzo vikuu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Vyanzo vikuu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFHymanWalsh,_J._J.1973" class="citation book cs1">Hyman, J.; Walsh, J. J., whr. (1973). <i>Philosophy in the Middle Ages</i>. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-915144-05-1" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-915144-05-1"><bdi>978-0-915144-05-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophy+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Indianapolis&rft.pub=Hackett+Publishing&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-915144-05-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFSchoedinger1996" class="citation book cs1">Schoedinger, Andrew B., mhr. (1996). <i>Readings in Medieval Philosophy</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-19-509293-6" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-19-509293-6"><bdi>978-0-19-509293-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readings+in+Medieval+Philosophy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-19-509293-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vyanzo_vingine">Vyanzo vingine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Hariri sehemu: Vyanzo vingine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Vyanzo vingine"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Asselt2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willem_van_Asselt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willem van Asselt (bado haujaandikwa)">van Asselt, Willem J.</a> (2011). <i>Inleiding in de Gereformeerde Scholastiek</i> [<i>Introduction to Reformed Scholasticism</i>] (kwa Kiholanzi). With contributions by T. Theo J. Pleizier, Pieter L. Rouwendal, and Maarten Wisse; Translated by Albert Gootjes. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Reformation Heritage Books. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-1-60178-121-5" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-1-60178-121-5"><bdi>978-1-60178-121-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inleiding+in+de+Gereformeerde+Scholastiek&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan&rft.pub=Reformation+Heritage+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-60178-121-5&rft.aulast=van+Asselt&rft.aufirst=Willem+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFClagett1982" class="citation journal cs1">Clagett, Marshall (1982). "William of Moerbeke: Translator of Archimedes". <i>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society</i>. <b>126</b> (5): 356–366. <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/986212">986212</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+American+Philosophical+Society&rft.atitle=William+of+Moerbeke%3A+Translator+of+Archimedes&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=356-366&rft.date=1982&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F986212%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Clagett&rft.aufirst=Marshall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Decock, W. (2013), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/title/21931">Theologians and Contract Law: The Moral Transformation of the Ius Commune (c. 1500–1650)</a></i>, Leiden/Boston, Brill/Nijhoff, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-90-04-23284-6" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-90-04-23284-6">978-90-04-23284-6</a>.</li> <li>Fryde, E., <i>The Early Palaeologan Renaissance</i>, Brill 2000.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFGallatin2001" class="citation web cs1">Gallatin, Harlie Kay (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090201183302/http://users.sbuniv.edu/~hgallatin/ht34632e18.html#res">"Medieval Intellectual Life and Christianity"</a>. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://users.sbuniv.edu/~hgallatin/ht34632e18.html#res">chanzo</a> mnamo 2009-02-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medieval+Intellectual+Life+and+Christianity&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Gallatin&rft.aufirst=Harlie+Kay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusers.sbuniv.edu%2F~hgallatin%2Fht34632e18.html%23res&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Gracia, J. G. and Noone, T. B., eds., (2003) <i>A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages</i>. London: Blackwell, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-631-21672-3" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-631-21672-3">0-631-21672-3</a></li> <li>McGrade, A. S., ed., (2003) <i>The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Philosophy</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFLindberg1978" class="citation book cs1">Lindberg, David C. (1978). <i>Science in the Middle Ages</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-226-48232-3" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-226-48232-3"><bdi>978-0-226-48232-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-226-48232-3&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=David+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFMaurer1982" class="citation book cs1">Maurer, Armand A. (1982). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/medievalphilosop0000maur"><i>Medieval Philosophy</i></a></span> (tol. la 2nd). Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-88844-704-3" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-0-88844-704-3"><bdi>978-0-88844-704-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Philosophy&rft.place=Toronto&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Pontifical+Institute+of+Mediaeval+Studies&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-88844-704-3&rft.aulast=Maurer&rft.aufirst=Armand+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmedievalphilosop0000maur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFToman2007" class="citation book cs1">Toman, Rolf (2007). <i>The Art of Gothic: Architecture, Sculpture, Painting</i>. photography by Achim Bednorz. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tandem_Verlag_GmbH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tandem Verlag GmbH (bado haujaandikwa)">Tandem Verlag GmbH</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-3-8331-4676-3" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-3-8331-4676-3"><bdi>978-3-8331-4676-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Gothic%3A+Architecture%2C+Sculpture%2C+Painting&rft.pub=Tandem+Verlag+GmbH&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-8331-4676-3&rft.aulast=Toman&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marejeo_mengine">Marejeo mengine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Hariri sehemu: Marejeo mengine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Marejeo mengine"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Trueman, Carl R. and R. Scott Clark, <i>jt. eds</i>. (1999). <i>Protestant Scholasticism: Essays in Reassessment</i>. Carlisle, Eng.: Paternoster Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-85364-853-0" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0-85364-853-0">0-85364-853-0</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFRexroth2023" class="citation book cs1">Rexroth, Frank (2023). <i>Knowledge True and Useful: A Cultural History of Early Scholasticism</i> (kwa Kiingereza). University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-1-5128-2471-1" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/978-1-5128-2471-1"><bdi>978-1-5128-2471-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Knowledge+True+and+Useful%3A+A+Cultural+History+of+Early+Scholasticism&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-1-5128-2471-1&rft.aulast=Rexroth&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ATeolojia+ya+shule" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viungo_vya_nje">Viungo vya nje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Hariri sehemu: Viungo vya nje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Viungo vya nje"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholasticon.fr">Scholasticon by Jacob Schmutz</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://capricorn.bc.edu/siepm/">Medieval Philosophy Electronic Resources</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9108672/Scholasticism">"Scholasticism"</a>. In <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> Online.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nd.edu/Departments/Maritain/etext/scholas1.htm"><i>Scholasticism</i></a> Joseph Rickaby, (1908), 121 pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scholasticism00rickgoog">(also at googlebooks)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13548a.htm">Scholasticism</a> in The Catholic Encyclopedia</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020406104415/http://dir.yahoo.com/Arts/Humanities/Philosophy/Scholasticism/">Yahoo! directory category: Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~jim/scholastics.html">The genius of the scholastics and the orbit of Aristotle</a>, article by James Franklin on the influence of scholasticism on later thought</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jameshannam.com/medievalscience.htm">Medieval Philosophy, Universities and the Church</a> by James Hannam</li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(Kijerumani)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alcuin.de/">ALCUIN – Regensburger Infothek der Scholastik</a> – Huge database with information on biography, text chronology, editions.</li></ul> <table style="font-size:90%; width: 65%; padding: 3px; margin: 0 auto;" class="toccolours"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Christianity_Symbol.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Christianity_Symbol.png/30px-Christianity_Symbol.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Christianity_Symbol.png/45px-Christianity_Symbol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Christianity_Symbol.png/60px-Christianity_Symbol.png 2x" data-file-width="269" data-file-height="273" /></a></span> </td> <td>Makala hii kuhusu dini ya Ukristo bado ni <b>mbegu</b>. <br /> Je, unajua kitu kuhusu <b>Teolojia ya shule</b> kama historia yake, matokeo au athari zake? <br />Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? <br />Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa <a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?stub&title=Teolojia_ya_shule&action=edit">kuihariri na kuongeza habari</a><i>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&oldid=1335967">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teolojia_ya_shule&oldid=1335967</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:Pages using the JsonConfig extension (bado haujaandikwa)">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Mbegu_za_Ukristo" title="Jamii:Mbegu za Ukristo">Mbegu za Ukristo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Teolojia" title="Jamii:Teolojia">Teolojia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Historia_ya_Ukristo" title="Jamii:Historia ya Ukristo">Historia ya Ukristo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Historia_ya_Ulaya" title="Jamii:Historia ya Ulaya">Historia ya Ulaya</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 17 Mei 2024, saa 21:44.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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