CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Sinopec - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"e5b19338-9872-4daa-b8b6-f8bf52a23de1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Sinopec","wgTitle":"Sinopec","wgCurRevisionId":1280802684,"wgRevisionId":1280802684,"wgArticleId":1325529,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","CS1 German-language sources (de)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from November 2024","Articles containing Chinese-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from May 2024","All articles with vague or ambiguous time","Vague or ambiguous time from September 2024","Articles with unsourced statements from September 2023","Articles with unsourced statements from September 2024","All articles needing additional references","Articles needing additional references from December 2024","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Companies in the SSE 50 Index","Companies in the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index","Hang Seng China 50 Index","Sinopec","Companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange","Companies in the CSI 100 Index","Companies in the FTSE China A50 Index","Companies in the S\u0026P Asia 50","Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange","Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange","Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange","Oil companies of China","Government-owned companies of China","National oil and gas companies","Chinese brands","Companies in the Hang Seng Index","H shares","Chinese companies established in 2000","Multinational companies headquartered in China","Chaoyang District, Beijing","2000 in Beijing"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Sinopec","wgRelevantArticleId":1325529,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"China_Petroleum_\u0026_Chemical","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":90000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Sinopec","wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q831445","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG/1200px-SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG/960px-SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Sinopec - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Sinopec rootpage-Sinopec skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages">Special pages</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Sinopec" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Sinopec" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Sinopec" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Sinopec" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Domestic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Domestic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 International </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Governance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_and_safety_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_and_safety_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Environmental and safety record </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_and_safety_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renewable_energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renewable_energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Renewable energy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renewable_energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_Institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_Institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Research Institutions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_Institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sinopec</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" > 36 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%83" title="سينوبك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سينوبك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D9%BE%DA%A9" title="ساینوپک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ساینوپک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D9%BE%DA%A9" title="ساینوپک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ساینوپک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%84%9D%EC%9C%A0%ED%99%94%EA%B3%B5" title="중국석유화공 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중국석유화공" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A7" title="סינופק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סינופק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="सिनोपेक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिनोपेक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec_Corporation" title="Sinopec Corporation – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sinopec Corporation" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5" title="中国石油化工 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中国石油化工" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinopec" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5" title="中國石油化工 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中國石油化工" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%B3%E5%8C%96" title="中国石化 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中国石化" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q831445#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sinopec" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Sinopec" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sinopec">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sinopec">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Sinopec" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Sinopec" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&oldid=1280802684" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Sinopec&id=1280802684&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSinopec">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSinopec">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Sinopec&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:China_Petroleum_and_Chemical_Corporation,_Sinopec" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q831445" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=China_Petroleum_%26_Chemical&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="China Petroleum & Chemical">China Petroleum & Chemical</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese oil and gas enterprise</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Sinopec.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Sinopec.svg/100px-Sinopec.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Sinopec.svg/150px-Sinopec.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Sinopec.svg/200px-Sinopec.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="955" data-file-height="981" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG/250px-SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG/500px-SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Headquarters in Beijing</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data">中国石油化工股份有限公司</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Stock_Exchange" title="Shanghai Stock Exchange">SSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.sse.com.cn/markets/equities/list/overview/?COMPANY_CODE=600028&STOCK_CODE=600028">600028</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Hong Kong Stock Exchange">SEHK</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hkex.com.hk/Market-Data/Securities-Prices/Equities/Equities-Quote?sym=386&sc_lang=en">386</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_Index" title="Hang Seng Index">Hang Seng Index</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_and_gas_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil and gas industry">Oil and gas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">25 February 2000; 25 years ago (25 February 2000), in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaoyang District, Beijing">Chaoyang District</a>, Beijing, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Ma Yongsheng (chairman)</li><li>Zhang Dong (vice chairman & president)<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel">Fuels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lubricant" title="Lubricant">lubricants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">petrochemicals</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data">2,742,779,810,000 renminbi (2018) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831445?uselang=en#P2139" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> CN¥75.643 billion (2022)<a href="#cite_note-report2022-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> CN¥2,026.640 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> CN¥784.706 billion (2022)<a href="#cite_note-report2022-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">374,791 (2022)<a href="#cite_note-report2022-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopecgroup.com">www.sinopecgroup.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831445#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Sinopec</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">中国石油化工股份有限公司</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">中國石油化工股份有限公司</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Zhōngguó Shíyóu Huàgōng Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī</td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg/250px-13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg/330px-13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg/500px-13-08-11-hongkong-50mm-38.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2380" /></a><figcaption>Sinopec in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SinopecHangzhou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/SinopecHangzhou.jpg/220px-SinopecHangzhou.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/SinopecHangzhou.jpg/330px-SinopecHangzhou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/SinopecHangzhou.jpg/440px-SinopecHangzhou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="2772" /></a><figcaption>Sinopec in <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_gate,_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/West_gate%2C_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg/220px-West_gate%2C_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/West_gate%2C_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg/330px-West_gate%2C_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/West_gate%2C_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg/440px-West_gate%2C_Shanghai_Chemical_Industry_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to Shanghai Chemical Industry Park where Sinopec operates</figcaption></figure> China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, or Sinopec Group, is a Chinese <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">gas</a> enterprise based in <a href="/wiki/Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaoyang District, Beijing">Chaoyang District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>. The <a href="/wiki/SASAC" class="mw-redirect" title="SASAC">SASAC</a> administers China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation for the benefit of <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council of the People's Republic of China</a>. China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation operates a publicly traded subsidiary, called Sinopec, listed in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Hong Kong Stock Exchange">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Stock_Exchange" title="Shanghai Stock Exchange">Shanghai</a> stock exchanges. China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation is the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Oil_refining" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil refining">oil refining</a> conglomerate, state owned enterprise, and second highest revenue company in the world behind <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic">Domestic</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Domestic">edit</a>]</div> <div class="thumb tleft" style=""><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px"><div class="thumbimage noresize" style="width:300px;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1274038083">.mw-parser-output .bar-chart{margin:0.5em;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid #c0c0c0;border-spacing:0px}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart tbody{display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart caption{display:block;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th,.mw-parser-output .bar-chart td{padding:3px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart tr:not(:first-child):hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#ffffff)}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th[scope="col"]:not(.bar-chart-label-type){width:15em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th[scope="row"]:not(.bar-chart-total){font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar{height:1.25em;width:40em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#cedff2;height:1.25em;margin:0 0 0 0;z-index:0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-comment{font-size:90%;padding-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-numbers{position:relative;top:-1.4em;height:1.25em;padding:0 0 0 2em;z-index:10;width:40em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-caption{border-top:1px solid #aaa}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-center{margin:0.5em auto}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#74497e}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#74497e}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{border:dashed 1pt grey}}</style> <table class="bar-chart"> <caption>Sinopec crude oil production per year, in millions of barrels<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="bar-chart-label-type">year </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 10em">Domestic</th> <th scope="col" style="width: 10em">International </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2013 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:10em;"></div>310.84</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:0.7em;"></div>21.7</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2014 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:10em;"></div>310.87</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1.6em;"></div>49.86</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2015 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:9.5em;"></div>296.34</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1.7em;"></div>53.13</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2016 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8.1em;"></div>253.15</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1.6em;"></div>50.36</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2017 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8em;"></div>248.88</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1.4em;"></div>44.78</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2018 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8em;"></div>248.93</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1.3em;"></div>39.58</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2019 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8em;"></div>249.43</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1.1em;"></div>34.79</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2020 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8em;"></div>249.52</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1em;"></div>30.7</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2021 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8em;"></div>249.6</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1em;"></div>30.16</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2022 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8.1em;"></div>250.79</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:1em;"></div>30.07</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2023 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:8.1em;"></div>251.63</div></td> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 10em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:0.9em;"></div>29.49</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></div></div> In 1994, Sinopec was among the large industrial <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_China" title="State-owned enterprises of China">state-owned enterprises of China</a> which were selected for a pilot program of restructuring as state holding companies, thereby enabling partial public listings of its subsidiaries' assets.<a href="#cite_note-:1-5">[5]</a>: 49  Sinopec Limited was established as a joint stock entity under the China Petrochemical Corporation Group (Sinopec Group) in February 2000. The company was simultaneously listed in Hong Kong, New York, and London in October 2000. The IPO raised $3.5 billion.<a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 146  A Shanghai listing was completed in June 2001.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Prior to its operation as a company Sinopec's assets came from the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and the Ministry of Chemical Industry which partially privatized in the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 592  Given its legacy asset base from Sinopec Group, analysts have categorized it as a more <a href="/wiki/Downstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Downstream (petroleum industry)">downstream</a> oil player than <a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 592–593  However, since 1998 Sinopec has expanded into upstream endeavors.<a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 592–593  This expansion began with a state mandated asset swap with <a href="/wiki/China_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="China National Petroleum Corporation">China National Petroleum Corporation</a> (CNPC) which gave some of Sinopec's refineries to CNPC in return for Sinopec acquiring some of CNPC's upstream assets.<a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 146 <a href="#cite_note-review2000-9">[9]</a> China entered the WTO in 2001 which some experts claim put additional pressure on their domestic oil industry to be efficient.<a href="#cite_note-review2000-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In the lead up to going public, Sinopec cut over 200,000 jobs from its roster.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a> partnered with Sinopec, in 2005, to build SECCO an ethylene derivatives plant with an initial investment of $2.7 billion.<a href="#cite_note-longSECCO-12">[12]</a> It is located in the Shanghai Chemical Industry Park, and generates over 3.2 million tons of petrochemical products annually.<a href="#cite_note-SECCOmain-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-ogjGaoqiao-14">[14]</a> In 2017, Sinopec bought out the remainder of BP's stake in SECCO through its Gaoqiao subsidiary for $1.68 billion.<a href="#cite_note-SECCOmain-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-BPsecco-15">[15]</a> Gaoqiao's operations predate the creation of Sinopec and it operates 75 plants for producing finished petroleum products such as fuels, oils, organic compounds.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-ogjGaoqiao-14">[14]</a> Ineos bought out half of Sinopec's share of SECCO in 2022 as part of a broader partnership deal.<a href="#cite_note-longSECCO-12">[12]</a> Sinopec operates the Jiujang Petrochemical Complex which was originally constructed in 1975 and has received a series of improvements over time.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-spslow-19">[19]</a> The refinery processes 8 million tonnes of crude oil per year.<a href="#cite_note-spslow-19">[19]</a><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> visited the refinery, in 2023, when the company highlighted the importance of <a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a> and presented awards.<a href="#cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">[20]</a>: 3  Sinopec posted a 6.8% operating margin for the 2006 financial year. Profit was limited in part by government price controls on downstream petrochemical products. The National Development and Reform Commission sets gasoline and diesel prices and the Ministry of Finance collects <a href="/wiki/Windfall_tax" title="Windfall tax">windfall tax</a> on upstream profits.<a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 147–148  At the beginning of 2006, Chinese retail gasoline and diesel sales were not profitable for Sinopec and sales were hurting the company's financials. To pressure the NDRC, Sinopec and CNPC cut production causing long lines at the pump. This lead to NDRC approving a 15% increase in the price at the pump. To offset losses from the price controls, the state gave Sinopec $1.1 billion in subsidy during 2005 and $647 million in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 152  This finance example demonstrates of Sinopec's implementation of policy adjusted profit.<a href="#cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">[20]</a>: 8  Chinese methods on how to articulate, quantify, and report the sometimes conflicting interests of profit and political policy have evolved during over time. Some commentators on the Shanghai Stock Market, where Sinopec trades, call these methods "valuation with Chinese characteristics".<a href="#cite_note-sseOP-21">[21]</a> Sinopec demonstrated the "one profit, five rates" method in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-sseOP-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">[20]</a>: 8  This method calls for assessing the company's performance with profit, "asset-liability ratio, return on equity, operating cash ratio, overall labor productivity, and R&D investment intensity".<a href="#cite_note-sseOP-21">[21]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg/250px-Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg/330px-Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg/500px-Zigui-Sinopec-boat-fuel-station-4961.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Sinopec's <a href="/wiki/Filling_station" title="Filling station">filling stations</a> are a frequent sight on China's roads and rivers.</figcaption></figure> In February 2007, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Saudi Aramco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Exxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Exxon">Exxon</a> signed a deal with Sinopec to revamp the <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a> oil refinery and triple its capacity to 240,000 barrels per day (38,000 m3/d) by 2009.<a href="#cite_note-way3-22">[22]</a> The Saudi Aramco investment is strategically aligned because Saudi Aramco produces a heavier crude oil which is not preferable for other Chinese refining facilities.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Aramco, Exxon and Sinopec also signed contracts for a fuel marketing venture that will manage 750 service stations and a network of terminals in Fujian province.<a href="#cite_note-way3-22">[22]</a> Their subsidiaries also expanded cooperation in Tianjin the following year.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> They invested over $3 billion from 2008 to 2019 expanding the ethylene production capacity multiple times and finally achieving 1.3 million tons per year of production.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In Fujian, Sinopec also operates the Gulei Industrial Park. It began as a joint venture with a group of Taiwanese companies operating as Dynamic Ever Investments in 2015. The venture took $4 billion of investment and has a production capacity of 1 million tonnes of ethylene per year.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-emiover-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-crossOJ-31">[31]</a> At the time of its approval it was the only Taiwanese petrochemical joint venture in mainland China.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> It was approved by the Fujian branch of the NDRC which owns a 25% stake in the project. The plant began producing downstream chemicals in 2018 and became fully online in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-emiover-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-crossOJ-31">[31]</a> Phase two began, in 2024, when Saudi Aramco made an additional $9.8 billion investment in the facilities. These expansions are scheduled to be fully operational in 2030.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Sinopec completed construction of a new ethylene plant in Wuhan at the end of 2012. The construction of this plant was done as a joint venture with the South Korean SK Group. This facility was planned in alignment with the <a href="/wiki/National_Development_and_Reform_Commission" title="National Development and Reform Commission">National Development and Reform Commission</a>'s goal of producing more ethylene domestically in order to rely less heavily on foreign imports. It will provide 800,000 tons/year which is a significant step towards the NDRC's 2015 goal of raising domestic production by 7.5 millions tons/year.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In March 2013, Sinopec agreed to pay $1.5 billion for its parent company's overseas oil and gas-producing assets.<a href="#cite_note-parentbuy-36">[36]</a> Zhejiang Oil Products Company was originally founded in 1950, but began operating under Sinopec in 1998. It is Sinopec's highest selling oil refinery and one of the most important companies in Zhejiang.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Sinopec has continuously improved the refining capacity and it ranks as one of the largest refineries in the world.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-cedouble-39">[39]</a> The refinery prioritizes output of non-fuel chemicals at a notably higher rate than comparable refineries. This large scale production, particularly of <a href="/wiki/Aromatic_compounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Aromatic compounds">aromatic compounds</a> hurt foreign competitors.<a href="#cite_note-cedouble-39">[39]</a> This attracted further investment in China from Saudi Aramco which acquired a 10% stake in Zhejiang Oil Products Company in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Sinopec reported a loss of 23 billion yuan in the January to June time frame of 2020. In 2021, they reported a 22% increase in revenue as the demand for fuel and oil slowly returned to normal.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In 2022, the company reported a 25% net income increase in the first quarter. Diesel output was increased by almost 10% that year and the gasoline production saw only a 0.7% increase.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In 2021, Sinopec began a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Nio_Inc." title="Nio Inc.">NIO</a>, when they unveiled that a NIO Power Swap Station 2.9 would be put into the Sinopec Chaoying Station in Beijing. Additionally, the partnership was to include cooperation between the two companies in new materials, smart EV technology, Battery-as-a-Service (BaaS), construction of recreational facilities, as well as the purchase of <a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">vehicles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> China's imports of U.S. natural gas will more than double.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>]<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> In March 2022, a memorandum of understanding was signed between Sinopec and Aramco to strengthen the already existing ties between the companies and to improve their downstream operations.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The Hainan Baling Chemical New Material Company, a Sinopec subsidiary in <a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a>, opened a one million tonne per year <a href="/wiki/Styrene-butadiene" title="Styrene-butadiene">Styrene-butadiene</a> (SBC) plant in 2023. This new facility made Sinopec the largest producer of SBC in the world at the time.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Sinopec began operating the deepest oil well in Asia in 2023. As part of Project Deep Earth the drill went 9432m below <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Sinopec and BP have worked together since Sinopec formed.<a href="#cite_note-dailyBP-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-BPsecco-15">[15]</a> Their joint venture in <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> had 2024 gas stations in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> They signed a memorandum of strategic cooperation with <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a> at the <a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum#Annual_meeting_in_Davos" title="World Economic Forum">Davos Economic Forum</a> in 2024. Sinopec has set a goal of building 5000 new EV charging stations by 2025 and plans to cooperate with BP on achieving that goal.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> These and other of Sinopec's environmental goals are aligned with the <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_five-year_plan" title="Fourteenth five-year plan">Fourteenth five-year plan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">[20]</a>: 7  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International">edit</a>]</div> Sinopec has demonstrated a willingness, characteristic Chinese national oil companies, to invest in foreign, often risky, infrastructure. These firms work in concert with the Chinese state owned financial sector via direct low cost financing and indirect infrastructure agreements between foreign nations and Chinese banks.<a href="#cite_note-addaxbuy-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-parentbuy-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 593  Several experts claim that the role of direct financing support is not as important as indirect support.<a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 160 <a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 593–603 <a href="#cite_note-grab-55">[55]</a> Large foreign purchases are particularly notable in the Chinese context because they require approval by the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Sinopec made failed attempts to acquire Iranian oil reserves in 2001 and Kazakh reserves in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-LiuDemand-57">[57]</a>: 569 <a href="#cite_note-oilLee-58">[58]</a>: 272  In subsequent years, Sinopec relied more heavily on off-taker agreements to gain access to foreign markets.<a href="#cite_note-oilLee-58">[58]</a>: 272 <a href="#cite_note-alves-59">[59]</a>: 12  The <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2007–2008 financial crisis">2007–2008 financial crisis</a> made a large impact on Chinese foreign policy and Chinese oil companies put a higher priority on mergers and acquisitions in the following years.<a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 593 <a href="#cite_note-alves-59">[59]</a>: 14  According to the OECD, foreign oil ventures are an attractive investment for Chinese national oil companies because China is a large importer of oil and wants to control its supply chain.<a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a>: 10–15  Some Chinese observes agree with this assessment and highlight Sinopec's 2005 goal of importing 15 million tons of crude oil for refinement in China. China's <a href="/wiki/Go_Out_policy" title="Go Out policy">Go Out policy</a> explicitly stated, in 2001, that Sinopec should "make effective use of overseas resources, build the overseas oil and gas supply bases and diversify the oil imports". This was revised in 2006 to "broaden international oil and gas cooperation".<a href="#cite_note-LiuDemand-57">[57]</a>: 568, 579  According to the company, in 2022, foreign operations were staffed 74% by local workers rather than Chinese employees.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Sinopec began its partnership with Iran in 2001, and signed a 30 year deal to invest $70 billion in the development of <a href="/wiki/Yadavaran_Field" title="Yadavaran Field">Yadavaran Field</a> in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-LiuDemand-57">[57]</a>: 569 <a href="#cite_note-oilLee-58">[58]</a>: 282 <a href="#cite_note-yavChina-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-chinamining-63">[63]</a> Contract negotiation for this program took three years such that technical work and funding did not actually begin until 2007.<a href="#cite_note-chinamining-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shana-64">[64]</a> The US pressured China to block the investment due to sanctions, but Iran claims that pressure did not delay the deal.<a href="#cite_note-oilLee-58">[58]</a>: 282 <a href="#cite_note-chinamining-63">[63]</a> Iran expressed pleasure with the deal and stated the goal of replacing Japan with China as the primary exporter of Iranian oil.<a href="#cite_note-oilLee-58">[58]</a>: 282  There is little agreement about the exact amount of oil and gas available through the Yadavaran project, but all claim that it is a large oil field by global standards.<a href="#cite_note-yavChina-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-chinamining-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shana-64">[64]</a> The first phase of drilling was completed in 2012 and production continued to expand.<a href="#cite_note-Shana-64">[64]</a> Sinopec claims to have ceased buying this oil due to US sanctions in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Sinopec established its first drilling rig in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> in 2000.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2004, Sinopec began exploring in Saudi Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-oilLee-58">[58]</a>: 282  Unipec, a subsidiary of Sinopec, signed a contract with French oil company <a href="/wiki/Total_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="Total S.A.">Total</a> Gabon in February 2002. Under the contract China, for the first time, bought <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabonese</a> crude oil.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> During his African visit, in 2004, Chinese President <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a> signed a series of bilateral trade accords with his Gabonese counterpart <a href="/wiki/Omar_Bongo" title="Omar Bongo">Omar Bongo</a>, including a "memorandum of agreement aimed at showing the parties' desire to develop exploration, exploitation, refining and export activities of oil products". Three onshore fields were to be explored. One of the three blocks, LT2000, is some 200 kilometers (120 mi) southeast of Gabon's economic hub, <a href="/wiki/Port_Gentil" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Gentil">Port Gentil</a>, which lies south of the capital, <a href="/wiki/Libreville" title="Libreville">Libreville</a>, on the Atlantic coast. The other two — DR200 and GT2000 - are around 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Port Gentil, according to the Gabonese oil ministry.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In 2013 and 2014 Sinopec and the Gabonese government had significant disputes over licensing and fees. The Gabonese government nationalized one of the oilfields that Sinopec was previously licensed to extract from.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Ultimately negotiations between the parties resulted in new leases for Sinopec's further extraction.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Export%E2%80%93Import_Bank_of_China" title="Export–Import Bank of China">Export–Import Bank of China</a> signed a $2 billion loan with Angola to finance infrastructure projects by Chinese companies. This led to the Angolan government blocking a deal between <a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a> and India's <a href="/wiki/Oil_and_Natural_Gas_Corporation" title="Oil and Natural Gas Corporation">Oil and Natural Gas Corporation</a> in favor of a deal with Sinopec.<a href="#cite_note-grab-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-alves-59">[59]</a>: 9  In 2005, Sinopec and CNPC jointly purchased EnCana an Ecuadorian Petrochemical company for $1.42 billion. The purchase gave the joint venture, called Andes Petroleum Company, access to over 62,000 barrels per day of crude and the OCP pipeline which can pump 450,000 barrels per day.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-xinhuaes-73">[73]</a> It was the largest petrochemical deal in Ecuadorian history.<a href="#cite_note-xinhuaes-73">[73]</a> Beginning in 2012, Chinese banks began large financing agreements with Ecuador to pre-pay for oil procured via Andes Petroleum.<a href="#cite_note-bosEc-74">[74]</a>: 13–14 <a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Ecuador conducted major oil industry reforms in 2007 and 2010 which promoted many international oil companies to exit the Ecuadorian market. Sinopec, on the other hand, remained. As part of these reforms, Ecuador required that local labor be used for over 90% of unskilled and administrative positions. This put an end to further disputes about local job creation. International observers note that Andes Petroleum's operations were among the most successful in Ecuador through 2014. This success prompted an expansion of its operations. The company has generally had better relations with the local population than EnCana did.<a href="#cite_note-bosEc-74">[74]</a>: 17–23  Most of the planned expansions were halted in 2019 when opposition from environmental activists and small indigenous tribes prompted Ecuadorian courts to find that the tribes had not been properly consulted.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Sinopec is a partner in Petrodar Operating Company Ltd., a consortium whose partners also include China National Petroleum Corporation and Sudapet (the Sudanese state-owned oil company), among others.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> In 2005, Petrodar commenced production of oil in blocks 3 and 7 in South-east Sudan and transported them via its new pipeline. Petrodar's operations represent a major increase in overall Sudanese oil production.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Sinopec is also looking into other companies such as <a href="/wiki/ERHC" title="ERHC">ERHC</a> Energy which has multiple oil block assets in the Joint Development Zone.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] When <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> seceded it took most of Sudan's oil reserves with it.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-petrolines-81">[81]</a> The Petrodas pipeline is used to transport South Sudan's oil for export in Sudan.<a href="#cite_note-petrolines-81">[81]</a> In 2024, fighting in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Singa,_Sudan" title="Singa, Sudan">Singa, Sudan</a> halted the flow.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-petrolines-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> In 2006, Sinopec began operations in Russia with a <a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a> partnership.<a href="#cite_note-clinch-84">[84]</a> The companies invested in <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin-III" title="Sakhalin-III">Sakhalin-III</a> and oil was first drilled in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Rosneft expanded its cooperation with Sinopec in a joint venture called Udmurtneft.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> They acquired access to 551 million barrels of proven reserves and facilities capable of producing 120,000 barrels per day. The entirety of the deal was financed by Sinopec, but the total price was not disclosed. The sellers claimed offers were $4 billion.<a href="#cite_note-clinch-84">[84]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg/220px-Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg/330px-Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg/440px-Column_of_ONLF_rebels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Column of ONLF rebels</figcaption></figure> In 2007, in eastern <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Ogaden" title="Ogaden">Ogaden</a> Desert, a <a href="/wiki/Abole_oil_field_raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Abole oil field raid">raid</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ogaden_National_Liberation_Front" title="Ogaden National Liberation Front">an ethnic Somali rebel group</a> on a Sinopec drilling site left 74 dead including 9 Chinese oil workers, and 7 kidnapped.<a href="#cite_note-jianchao-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> The rebels, the <a href="/wiki/Ogaden_National_Liberation_Front" title="Ogaden National Liberation Front">Ogaden National Liberation Front</a> (ONLF), later released the seven abductees and warned foreign companies against working in the area. Sinopec said it had no plans to pull out of the resource-rich region despite the attack. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson <a href="/wiki/Liu_Jianchao" title="Liu Jianchao">Liu Jianchao</a> says that China strongly condemns the violent attack carried out by Somalian insurgents on the premises of the oil company Sinopec in Ethiopia.<a href="#cite_note-jianchao-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 158  In 2008, Sinopec bought Tanganyika Oil for $2 billion giving Sinopec access to its Syrian oil fields.<a href="#cite_note-TanganyikaUBS-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> These fields were reported to have over a billion barrels of crude reserves and a trillion cubic feet of natural gas reserve. However, the Syrian investments became significantly less valuable in 2012 when the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a> began.<a href="#cite_note-marshallSyria-92">[92]</a> The turmoil forced Sinopec to stop regular operations in Syria.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The company negotiated with several parties in Syria on multiple occasions in an attempt to restart operations.<a href="#cite_note-marshallSyria-92">[92]</a> Sinopec also began investing in Australia in 2008 with its $594 million purchase of a 60% stake in <a href="/wiki/AED_Oil" title="AED Oil">AED Oil</a>. AED was heavily indebted at the time of the purchase in part due to the Puffin oil fields producing less than expected. Sinopec took over operation of these fields after the sale.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> In 2009, Sinopec acquired Addax Petroleum Corp for $7.24 billion. This was the largest foreign purchase by a Chinese company. Addax was producing an average of 136,500 barrels per day. Addax was based in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a> at the time, but the Geneva office was closed in 2017 after Sinopec agreed to pay $31.8 million to settle a Swiss bribery investigation of their operations in Nigeria.<a href="#cite_note-addaxbuy-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Sinopec claimed the office closure was due to low oil prices.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The alleged bribes stemmed from a tax dispute between Sinopec Addax and the Nigerian government. Both sides claimed they had not received their fair share of benefits. The dispute was settled in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Addax's resources were concentrated in West Africa and <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-addaxbuy-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-alves-59">[59]</a>: 14  Sinopec's assumption of the agreements with the Kurds created difficulty in forming new agreements with the Iraqi government because Iraq has a long standing policy against dealing with anyone who makes agreements with the Kurds. However these issues did not spread to other Chinese energy companies.<a href="#cite_note-Haider-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> On 13 April 2010 the company announced acquisition of Conoco Phillips's 9% stake in the Canadian <a href="/wiki/Oil_sand" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil sand">oil sand</a> firms, <a href="/wiki/Syncrude" title="Syncrude">Syncrude</a>, for $4.65bn.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a>: 10  While largely welcomed by industry, Sinopec's Syncrude stake has raised concerns about the influence the Chinese government may try to exert on Canadian policy makers.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> The following year, Sinopec took over <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daylight_Energy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daylight Energy (page does not exist)">Daylight Energy</a> for C$2.2 billion ($2.1 billion). Daylight was then renamed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec_Daylight_Energy_Ltd.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinopec Daylight Energy Ltd. (page does not exist)">Sinopec Daylight Energy Ltd.</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> The OECD and Chinese observers note Sinopec's attraction to the Syncrude deal is partly explained by a desire to acquire technical knowledge on oil sands extraction which can be used to boost domestic oil production.<a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a>: 15 <a href="#cite_note-LiuDemand-57">[57]</a>: 580  Sinopec invested $7.1 billion in Repsol Brazil to begin a new partnership in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-bccnorth-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a> Chinese observers note that part of Sinopec's motivation for the deal was to bring deep water drilling expertise to China.<a href="#cite_note-LiuDemand-57">[57]</a>: 580  In 2011, Sinopec additionally invested $5.2 billion for a 30 percent stake in the Brazilian unit of <a href="/wiki/Galp_Energia" title="Galp Energia">Galp Energia</a> SGPS SA which owns the rights to biggest discovered oil reserve in the western hemisphere since 1976. This brought the total investment of Chinese energy companies in foreign oil assets for the year to $16 billion.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> Sinopec partnered with <a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron Corporation</a> on a deep water drilling operation in Indonesdia in 2011. The project is located in the <a href="/wiki/Kutai_Basin" title="Kutai Basin">Kutai Basin</a> and has access to 15 million barrels of crude oil reserve and 700 billion cubic feet of natural gas. The deal closed with Sinopec getting an 18% stake for $680 million.<a href="#cite_note-deepIndo-108">[108]</a> This project aligned with China's goal of doubling gas' share of energy production during the 2009-2015 period.<a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a>: 34 <a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Unipec first became involved in Ghana in December 2011 when <a href="/wiki/Ghana_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="Ghana National Petroleum Corporation">Ghana National Petroleum Corporation</a> agreed to supply 13,000 barrels of oil per day for the following 15 years in return for the Master Facility Agreement. The MFA was a $3 billion six year loan from CDB which Ghanaian President Mills and Hu-Jintao directly negotiated on.<a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 599–603 <a href="#cite_note-alves-59">[59]</a>: 12  The MFA also required Ghana to spend most of the funds on projects constructed by Chinese contractors. Unipec was awarded the first $750 million of these funds to build the <a href="/wiki/Atuabo_Gas_Plant" title="Atuabo Gas Plant">Atuabo Gas Plant</a>. In 2013, Unipec halted work on the project to pressure Ghana into making amendments to the MFA that CDB had requested. By 2014, Ghana had only received $600 million of the promised MFA funds.<a href="#cite_note-ghana1-7">[7]</a>: 599–603  On 31 October 2011 Sinopec Addax acquired<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Shell_Oil_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell Oil Company">Shell Oil Company</a>'s 80% share of an exploration firm called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pecten_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pecten (company) (page does not exist)">Pecten</a> that explores and drills in various offshore locations including the oil basin near <a href="/wiki/Douala" title="Douala">Douala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> in cooperation with <a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mbendi-111">[111]</a> BP and Sinopec was expanded on an existing base of joint ventures via new bunker fuel projects in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Bunker fuel was then delivered to ports in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, China, and Europe in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Sinopec Addax made a $1.5 billion investment in North Sea drilling operations in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-rtnorth-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-bccnorth-106">[106]</a> The investment was rebranded multiple times. Originally, the deal was with <a href="/wiki/Talisman_Energy" title="Talisman Energy">Talisman Energy</a> and Sinopec exited this investment after a dispute with <a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a> was settled for $2.1 billion. The dispute began in 2015 over amounts paid by Sinopec and was settled in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> In 2013, company sold a 30 percent stake of an oil and gas block in Myanmar to Taiwan's CPC Corp.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> This was followed by Sinopec's acquisition of a 33% stake in <a href="/wiki/Apache_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Corporation">Apache Corporation</a>'s oil and gas business in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> for $3.1 billion.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> In June 2013, Sinopec agreed to acquire <a href="/wiki/Marathon_Oil" title="Marathon Oil">Marathon Oil</a> Corp's Angolan offshore oil and gas field for $1.52 billion.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> As of at least 2023, Sinopec is a part minority owner of several offshore projects via Sinopec's half ownership of a joint venture with the private company Sonangol Sinopec International.<a href="#cite_note-:322-119">[119]</a>: 165  Sinopec is also a part owner of the joint venture POLY-GCL Petroleum, which as of 2023 is developing a $4 billion natural gas project in Ethiopia, which will include a pipeline to the Djiboutian coast and an export terminal.<a href="#cite_note-:322-119">[119]</a>: 165  According to <a href="/wiki/David_H._Shinn" title="David H. Shinn">David H. Shinn</a> and academic Joshua Eisenman, the Ethiopian project underscore China's commitment to expanding its import of liquified natural gas from African countries.<a href="#cite_note-:322-119">[119]</a>: 165  In November 2021, U.S. producer Venture Global LNG signed a twenty-year contract with Sinopec to supply <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">liquefied natural gas</a> (LNG).<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> In January 2022 they offered to re-sell LNG to take advantage of high Asian spot prices.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Following the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> the company continued doing business in Russia. For this reason Ukraine listed Sinopec as an <a href="/wiki/International_Sponsors_of_War" title="International Sponsors of War">International Sponsors of War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Unipec, a subsidiary of Sinopec, is an <a href="/wiki/Intermediary" title="Intermediary">intermediary</a> for <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">banned Russian oil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In March 2025, Sinopec reportedly halted purchases of Russian oil due to international sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> In April 2023, an agreement was signed between Sinopec and <a href="/wiki/QatarEnergy" title="QatarEnergy">QatarEnergy</a>, making Sinopec the first Asian buyer to participate in the eastern expansion of <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>'s North Field liquefied natural gas project, with a 5% stake in an 8 million tonnes per year <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">LNG train</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The contract has a 27-year term making it the longest ever purchase agreement for LNG.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> At the end of June 2023, Sinopec Overseas Investment Holding was established as a vehicle for investment, construction and operation of overseas refineries. Overseas investments at the time amount to 400,000 barrels per day at the Yasref refinery, as well as the $10 billion Amur Gas Chemical Complex in East <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">additional citation(s) needed</a>] In September 2023, Sinopec used a tender to purchase 30 cargoes of LNG from more than 10 suppliers for additional supply to begin in October 2023. This additional supply helped China during the winter months as well as offset the lacking supply from Venture Global.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> On 17 October 2023, an equity agreement was signed between Sinopec and <a href="/wiki/KazMunayGas" title="KazMunayGas">KazMunayGas</a> JSC for a 30% stake in a $7.7bn <a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">polyethylene</a> project in <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, which is expected to start construction in the second half of 2024.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> In 2023, Sinopec was approved to invest $4.5 billion in refinery construction at <a href="/wiki/Hambantota_International_Port" title="Hambantota International Port">Hambantota International Port</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> Sinopec is one of the "core" central SOEs overseen by SASAC.<a href="#cite_note-:12-136">[136]</a>: 10  The chairman of China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, like all Chinese National Oil Companies, is a vice minister. This is a political appointment set by the Ministry of Personnel. This means that the post is always given to high ranking communist party members as a reward for career achievement in the industry.<a href="#cite_note-roots-6">[6]</a>: 151  Due to the high ranking nature of China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation's leaders in the communist party, the party does not have total control over the company and the company can exert influence on the government to get support in financing, international agreements, and pricing. For example, even though the state owns China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, the company did not pay the state any dividends until 2008. China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation also appoints a member to the <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a>: 24–26  Chinese officials have seen some of Sinopec's investments as too politically risky. The Iran and Sudan oil partnerships in particular led to regulatory change by <a href="/wiki/State-owned_Assets_Supervision_and_Administration_Commission_of_the_State_Council" title="State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council">State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council</a> to hold Sinopec's leaders personally responsible if risky investments cost the government financially.<a href="#cite_note-LiuDemand-57">[57]</a>: 580  <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sinopecreg.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Sinopecreg.svg/440px-Sinopecreg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Sinopecreg.svg/660px-Sinopecreg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Sinopecreg.svg/880px-Sinopecreg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>NEC: National Energy Commission; SASAC State Assets Supervision and Administration Commission; MOF: Ministry of Finance; MOFA: Ministry of Foreign Affairs; NDRC: National Development and Reform Commission; NEA: National Energy Administration; CBRC: China Banking Regulatory Commission; SOE: state‐owned enterprise<a href="#cite_note-oecdInfo-60">[60]</a>: 25 </figcaption></figure> Sinopec is governed by a <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">Board of directors</a>. The members are nominated by a committee including the chairman of the board and then board makes decisions on these nominations. The board has highlighted its achievement on diversity, including gender diversity, in its annual report. The report highlights that 10% of the members of Board of Directors are female and 31% of the employees are female.<a href="#cite_note-report2022-2">[2]</a>: 29  Sinopec's audits, like other publicly traded Chinese firms, are not subject to independent oversight.<a href="#cite_note-sec2020-137">[137]</a>: 15  The former head of the companies' board of directors <a href="/wiki/Chen_Tonghai" title="Chen Tonghai">Chen Tonghai</a> was sentenced to death in July 2009 after being accused of corruption. He had been relieved of his post in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> He was replaced by Su Shulin who was formerly the head of CNPC. The company culture moved on from Chen and acted as if he had never existed.<a href="#cite_note-corruptR-139">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_and_safety_record">Environmental and safety record</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Environmental and safety record">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg/220px-Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg/330px-Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg/440px-Gabon_Loango_National_Park_Southern_Camping_Ground_bar_with_a_view.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Campground in Loango National Park</figcaption></figure> In 2004, Sinopec prospected for oil in the 1,550 square kilometers of <a href="/wiki/Loango_National_Park" title="Loango National Park">Loango National Park</a> in southern Gabon and encountered criticism for what domestic and foreign environmental critics said were poor and damaging methods.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-BA-141">[141]</a> Primatology professor Christophe Boesch of the US-based environmental organization, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), criticized the use of dynamite and heavy machinery in exploration and road construction by Sinopec through park, noting that it might drive native gorillas deeper into the jungle, where they would be outside legal restrictions on hunting.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Gabonese law states that industries can extract oil from national parks, but must rehabilitate them to the prior condition. Boesch, and other international experts, have suggested that Sinopec use other methods such as horizontal drilling to minimize its environmental footprint.<a href="#cite_note-BA-141">[141]</a> Sinopec's activities in Gabon's national parks were suspended in September 2006, by the Gabonese national parks council.<a href="#cite_note-BA-141">[141]</a> In 2007, Sinopec redid its earlier environmental study, this time in conjunction with the Gabonese environmentalist group Enviropass and the World Wildlife Foundation, winning high marks from Gabonese, Western, and Chinese conservation experts. Shortly thereafter, Sinopec resumed production with more environmentally friendly methods.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> On 21 December 2006, gas started leaking during the drilling of a test well by the Sinopec Southern Prospecting and Development Branch in Quingxi. 12,380 people were evacuated after the leakage occurred. It took at least three attempts and two weeks for the company to seal the leak.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> China's top environmental watchdog warned Sinopec in 2007 to stop operations at one of its oil fields due to chronic river pollution. Zhongyuan Oilfields Petrochemical Company, a unit of Sinopec, had failed to meet waste water treatment requirements and had been ordered to pay a pollution fine and operations had to be halted, according to the <a href="/wiki/State_Environmental_Protection_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="State Environmental Protection Administration">State Environmental Protection Administration</a> (SEPA).<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Guangdong Provincial Environment Bureau (GPEB) had also issued a red sign warning to 19 companies, including Sinopec Guangzhou, in February 2008. By GPEB's standard, the companies that have involved in excessive emissions or caused serious environmental pollution accidents will be given the red sign warning and will be placed under strict supervision.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> An oil pipeline explosion on Friday, 22 November 2013, in <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong province</a> killed at least 62 people, injuring 136, and displacing hundreds more after oil previously leaking onto a street during the day ignited.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2021, the company's total climate-warming greenhouse gases emissions reached 172.56 million tonnes of <a href="/wiki/CO2_equivalent" class="mw-redirect" title="CO2 equivalent">CO2 equivalent</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-147">[147]</a> By 2023, emissions were down slightly to 169 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent but the company still ranked second for greenhouse gas emissions among oil companies worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-statista-148">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Renewable_energy">Renewable energy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Renewable energy">edit</a>]</div> As of 2021 Sinopec was the largest supplier of geothermal energy in China. Sinopec plans to expand this with the goal of creating what their leadership calls "smogless cities".<a href="#cite_note-greenma-149">[149]</a> Sinopec has developed a <a href="/wiki/Carbon_capture_and_storage" title="Carbon capture and storage">megatonnes carbon capture</a>, utilisation and storage (CCUS) project in China. It consists of two parts, the Sinopec Qilu carbon capture and the <a href="/wiki/Shengli_Oil_Field" title="Shengli Oil Field">Shengli Oil Field</a> CO2 shifting and storage. The project has been operational since January 2022.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Sinopec has partnered with other firms for additional research and development CCUS projects.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> By 2021, Sinopec was already the largest Chinese producer of grey hydrogen which is hydrogen fuel produced via petrochemical processing without recapturing the carbon.<a href="#cite_note-greenma-149">[149]</a> In 2023, Sinopec constructed its first solar powered green hydrogen facility in Xinjiang which plans to produce annually 20,000 tonnes be transported to and consumed by Sinopec's Tahe refinery. <a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> Sinopec's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demonstration_Project_of_Hydrogen_Transmission_Pipeline_from_Ulanqab_to_Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demonstration Project of Hydrogen Transmission Pipeline from Ulanqab to Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region (page does not exist)">Demonstration Project of Hydrogen Transmission Pipeline from Ulanqab to Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region</a> will connect additional grey, blue, and green hydrogen projects to Beijing by building a pipeline transportation network from <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> to Beijing.<a href="#cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">[20]</a>: 7 <a href="#cite_note-westeastpost-159">[159]</a> Sinopec claims a lack of transportation infrastructure is one of the main barriers to hydrogen adoption.<a href="#cite_note-westeastpost-159">[159]</a> One such example is a 20,000 tonne per year green hydrogen wind farm built outside <a href="/wiki/Ordos_City" title="Ordos City">Ordos City</a> in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_Institutions">Research Institutions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Research Institutions">edit</a>]</div> Sinopec operates several research institutions.<a href="#cite_note-review2000-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">[20]</a>: 10  It has operated the Research Institute for Petroleum Processing (RIPP) since before its IPO.<a href="#cite_note-review2000-9">[9]</a> The RIPP began operation in 1956 and continues to create new patents which Sinopec can leverage in its operations.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_energy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/29px-Crystal_energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/44px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/59px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="124" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Energy" title="Portal:Energy">Energy portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry_in_China" title="Chemical industry in China">Chemical industry in China</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopec.com/listco/en/about_sinopec/our_company/board_of_directors/">"Board of Directors Sinopec Corp"</a>. www.sinopec.com. Retrieved 25 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=Board+of+Directors+Sinopec+Corp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopec.com%2Flistco%2Fen%2Fabout_sinopec%2Four_company%2Fboard_of_directors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-report2022-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopec.com/listco/en/Resource/Pdf/2023032580.pdf">"2022 Annual reports and accounts"</a> (PDF). www.sinopec.com. Retrieved 28 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=2022+Annual+reports+and+accounts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopec.com%2Flistco%2Fen%2FResource%2FPdf%2F2023032580.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopec.com/listco/en/Resource/Pdf/2024032481.pdf">Annual Results for the Year Ended 31 December 2023</a> (PDF). www.sinopec.com (Report). Retrieved 3 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Annual+Results+for+the+Year+Ended+31+December+2023&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopec.com%2Flistco%2Fen%2FResource%2FPdf%2F2024032481.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/279952/sinopecs-crude-oil-production-volume-in-china/">"Sinopec's crude oil production 2023"</a>. Statista. Retrieved 15 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=Sinopec%27s+crude+oil+production+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F279952%2Fsinopecs-crude-oil-production-volume-in-china%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeutert2024" class="citation book cs1">Leutert, Wendy (2024). China's State-Owned Enterprises: Leadership, Reform, and Internationalization. Business and Public Policy Series. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-009-48654-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-009-48654-5"><bdi>978-1-009-48654-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China%27s+State-Owned+Enterprises%3A+Leadership%2C+Reform%2C+and+Internationalization&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Business+and+Public+Policy+Series&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-1-009-48654-5&rft.aulast=Leutert&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-roots-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-roots_6-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHouser2008" class="citation journal cs1">Houser, Trevor (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24904649">"The Roots of Chinese Oil Investment Abroad"</a>. Asia Policy (5): 141–166. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1559-0968">1559-0968</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24904649">24904649</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Policy&rft.atitle=The+Roots+of+Chinese+Oil+Investment+Abroad&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E141-%3C%2Fspan%3E166&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24904649%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1559-0968&rft.aulast=Houser&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24904649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ghana1-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ghana1_7-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHardus2014" class="citation journal cs1">Hardus, Sarah (8 October 2014). "Chinese National Oil Companies in Ghana: The Cases of cnooc and Sinopec". Perspectives on Global Development and Technology. 13 (5–6): 588–612. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F15691497-12341319">10.1163/15691497-12341319</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Perspectives+on+Global+Development+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Chinese+National+Oil+Companies+in+Ghana%3A+The+Cases+of+cnooc+and+Sinopec&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E588-%3C%2Fspan%3E612&rft.date=2014-10-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F15691497-12341319&rft.aulast=Hardus&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAgencies2009" class="citation news cs1">Agencies (26 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120317030807/http://www.chinavestor.com/knowledge-base/38-the-adr-market/70972-quick-facts-petrochina-vs-snp-and-ceo.html">"Quick facts: Petrochina vs. Sinopec and CNOOC"</a>. Chinavestor. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinavestor.com/knowledge-base/38-the-adr-market/70972-quick-facts-petrochina-vs-snp-and-ceo.html">the original</a> on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Quick+facts%3A+Petrochina+vs.+Sinopec+and+CNOOC&rft.date=2009-09-26&rft.au=Agencies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinavestor.com%2Fknowledge-base%2F38-the-adr-market%2F70972-quick-facts-petrochina-vs-snp-and-ceo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-review2000-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-review2000_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-review2000_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-review2000_9-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-review2000_9-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYUANCHENWeeks2000" class="citation journal cs1">YUAN, S; CHEN, Y; Weeks, Ann (2000). "An Update on China's Oil Sector Overhaul". China Business Review. 27 (2): 36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Business+Review&rft.atitle=An+Update+on+China%27s+Oil+Sector+Overhaul&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=36&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=YUAN&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=CHEN%2C+Y&rft.au=Weeks%2C+Ann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/china_e.htm">"WTO China - Member information"</a>. www.wto.org. Retrieved 16 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wto.org&rft.atitle=WTO+China+-+Member+information&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wto.org%2Fenglish%2Fthewto_e%2Fcountries_e%2Fchina_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Sinopec to slash jobs". Chemical Week. 159 (26): 8. 2 July 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Week&rft.atitle=Sinopec+to+slash+jobs&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=26&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1997-07-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-longSECCO-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-longSECCO_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-longSECCO_12-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTullo2022" class="citation journal cs1">Tullo, Alexander H. (29 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cen.acs.org/business/petrochemicals/Ineos-makes-major-China-push-deals-Sinopec/100/web/2022/07">"Ineos makes major China push through deals with Sinopec"</a>. Chemical & Engineering News. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0009-2347">0009-2347</a>. Retrieved 19 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=Ineos+makes+major+China+push+through+deals+with+Sinopec&rft.date=2022-07-29&rft.issn=0009-2347&rft.aulast=Tullo&rft.aufirst=Alexander+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Fbusiness%2Fpetrochemicals%2FIneos-makes-major-China-push-deals-Sinopec%2F100%2Fweb%2F2022%2F07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SECCOmain-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SECCOmain_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SECCOmain_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523095107/http://www.secco.com.cn/en_us/aboutus/who-we-are.html">"Who We Are"</a>. www.secco.com.cn. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.secco.com.cn/en_us/aboutus/who-we-are.html">the original</a> on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 19 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.secco.com.cn&rft.atitle=Who+We+Are&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.secco.com.cn%2Fen_us%2Faboutus%2Fwho-we-are.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ogjGaoqiao-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ogjGaoqiao_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ogjGaoqiao_14-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/refining-processing/article/17289944/sinopec-to-buy-bps-interest-in-secco-for-168-billion">"Sinopec to buy BP's interest in SECCO for $1.68 billion"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 19 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=Sinopec+to+buy+BP%27s+interest+in+SECCO+for+%241.68+billion&rft.date=2017-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Frefining-processing%2Farticle%2F17289944%2Fsinopec-to-buy-bps-interest-in-secco-for-168-billion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BPsecco-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BPsecco_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BPsecco_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/news-and-insights/press-releases/bp-agrees-sale-of-interest-in-secco-to-sinopec.html">"BP agrees sale of interest in SECCO to Sinopec"</a>. BP. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 19 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BP+agrees+sale+of+interest+in+SECCO+to+Sinopec&rft.pub=BP&rft.date=2017-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bp.com%2Fen%2Fglobal%2Fcorporate%2Fnews-and-insights%2Fpress-releases%2Fbp-agrees-sale-of-interest-in-secco-to-sinopec.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/en/products/Finechem/Factory/Gaoqiao.shtml">"Gaoqiao"</a>. www.sinopecgroup.com. Sinopec. Retrieved 19 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopecgroup.com&rft.atitle=Gaoqiao&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopecgroup.com%2Fgroup%2Fen%2Fproducts%2FFinechem%2FFactory%2FGaoqiao.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopec.com/listco/en/about_sinopec/subsidiaries/refinery_petrochemical/20161109/news_20161109_369226794744.shtml">"SINOPEC Jiujiang Company"</a>. www.sinopec.com. Sinopec. Retrieved 25 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=SINOPEC+Jiujiang+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopec.com%2Flistco%2Fen%2Fabout_sinopec%2Fsubsidiaries%2Frefinery_petrochemical%2F20161109%2Fnews_20161109_369226794744.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lpec.sinopec.com/lpec/en/news/com_news/20240510/news_20240510_512837907980.shtml">"The Overall Design of Jiujiang Petrochemical Project Passed the Review |"</a>. lpec.sinopec.com. Sinopec. Retrieved 25 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lpec.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=The+Overall+Design+of+Jiujiang+Petrochemical+Project+Passed+the+Review+%7C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flpec.sinopec.com%2Flpec%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fcom_news%2F20240510%2Fnews_20240510_512837907980.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-spslow-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spslow_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-spslow_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWells2018" class="citation news cs1">Wells, Wendy (16 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/031618-refinery-news-chinas-sinopec-jiujiang-cuts-run-rate-after-hydrotreater-blast">"Refinery news: China's Sinopec Jiujiang cuts run rate after hydrotreater blast"</a>. S&P Global. Singapore. Retrieved 25 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S%26P+Global&rft.atitle=Refinery+news%3A+China%27s+Sinopec+Jiujiang+cuts+run+rate+after+hydrotreater+blast&rft.date=2018-03-16&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spglobal.com%2Fcommodityinsights%2Fen%2Fmarket-insights%2Flatest-news%2Foil%2F031618-refinery-news-chinas-sinopec-jiujiang-cuts-run-rate-after-hydrotreater-blast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-annualGroup2023-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-annualGroup2023_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annualGroup2023_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annualGroup2023_20-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annualGroup2023_20-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annualGroup2023_20-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annualGroup2023_20-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/en/Resource/pdf/GroupAnnualReport2023en.pdf">Supporting social progress Improving people's well being Building inspirational legacy</a> (PDF) (Report). Sinopec Group. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Supporting+social+progress+Improving+people%27s+well+being+Building+inspirational+legacy&rft.pub=Sinopec+Group&rft.date=2023&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopecgroup.com%2Fgroup%2Fen%2FResource%2Fpdf%2FGroupAnnualReport2023en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sseOP-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sseOP_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sseOP_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sseOP_21-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.sse.com.cn/home/highlights/c/c_20240222_10751068.shtml">"The Necessity and Suggestions for Enhancing Central SOEs' Market Value (Source: Chin@Moments) | SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE"</a>. english.sse.com.cn. 22 February 2024. Retrieved 26 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=english.sse.com.cn&rft.atitle=The+Necessity+and+Suggestions+for+Enhancing+Central+SOEs%27+Market+Value+%28Source%3A+Chin%40Moments%29+%7C+SHANGHAI+STOCK+EXCHANGE&rft.date=2024-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.sse.com.cn%2Fhome%2Fhighlights%2Fc%2Fc_20240222_10751068.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-way3-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-way3_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-way3_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/saudi-china-refinery-idUSL2549125020070225">"Aramco, Sinopec, Exxon sign Fujian refinery deal"</a>. Reuters. 25 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Aramco%2C+Sinopec%2C+Exxon+sign+Fujian+refinery+deal&rft.date=2007-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fsaudi-china-refinery-idUSL2549125020070225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/aramco-sinopec-exxon-sign-fujian-refinery-deal-idUSL25491250/">"Aramco, Sinopec, Exxon sign Fujian refinery deal"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Aramco%2C+Sinopec%2C+Exxon+sign+Fujian+refinery+deal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fmarkets%2Faramco-sinopec-exxon-sign-fujian-refinery-deal-idUSL25491250%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cen.acs.org/articles/86/i5/Sabic-Sinopec-Form-Joint-Venture.html">"Sabic, Sinopec To Form Joint Venture"</a>. Chemical & Engineering News. No. 5. Chemical and Engineering News. 4 February 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=Sabic%2C+Sinopec+To+Form+Joint+Venture&rft.issue=5&rft.date=2008-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Farticles%2F86%2Fi5%2FSabic-Sinopec-Form-Joint-Venture.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/home/article/17209147/ogj-focusglobal-ethylene-production">"OGJ FOCUS:Global ethylene production"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. 26 July 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=OGJ+FOCUS%3AGlobal+ethylene+production&rft.date=2010-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Fhome%2Farticle%2F17209147%2Fogj-focusglobal-ethylene-production&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrelsford2019" class="citation news cs1">Brelsford, Robert (18 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/refining-processing/petrochemicals/article/14068895/sinopec-sabic-combine-to-expand-tianjin-ethylene-production">"Sinopec, SABIC combine to expand Tianjin ethylene production"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 13 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=Sinopec%2C+SABIC+combine+to+expand+Tianjin+ethylene+production&rft.date=2019-10-18&rft.aulast=Brelsford&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Frefining-processing%2Fpetrochemicals%2Farticle%2F14068895%2Fsinopec-sabic-combine-to-expand-tianjin-ethylene-production&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fggz/cyfz/zcyfz/200907/t20090714_1148972.html">"中沙合资天津100万吨/年乙烯及配套项目通过核准"</a>. www.ndrc.gov.cn. 14 July 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ndrc.gov.cn&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E6%B2%99%E5%90%88%E8%B5%84%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5100%E4%B8%87%E5%90%A8%2F%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF%E5%8F%8A%E9%85%8D%E5%A5%97%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87%E6%A0%B8%E5%87%86&rft.date=2009-07-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndrc.gov.cn%2Ffggz%2Fcyfz%2Fzcyfz%2F200907%2Ft20090714_1148972.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constructionboxscore.com/project-news/sinopec-in-$4-b-petrochemical-jv-with-taiwan-firm.aspx">"Sinopec in $4-B petrochemical JV with Taiwan firm"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sinopec+in+%244-B+petrochemical+JV+with+Taiwan+firm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constructionboxscore.com%2Fproject-news%2Fsinopec-in-%244-b-petrochemical-jv-with-taiwan-firm.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-emiover-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-emiover_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-emiover_29-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echemi.com/cms/319575.html">"The latest progress of China's 9 major refining and chemical projects! - ECHEMI.com"</a>. ECHEMI.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ECHEMI&rft.atitle=The+latest+progress+of+China%27s+9+major+refining+and+chemical+projects%21+-+ECHEMI.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.echemi.com%2Fcms%2F319575.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.offshore-technology.com/news/petrochemical-complex-in-fujian-province-of-china/?cf-view">"petrochemical complex in Fujian province of China"</a>. Offshore Technology. 19 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Offshore+Technology&rft.atitle=petrochemical+complex+in+Fujian+province+of+China&rft.date=2024-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.offshore-technology.com%2Fnews%2Fpetrochemical-complex-in-fujian-province-of-china%2F%3Fcf-view&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-crossOJ-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crossOJ_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-crossOJ_31-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/refining-processing/article/17245950/china-taiwan-jv-break-ground-on-ethylene-complex">"China, Taiwan JV break ground on ethylene complex"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. 17 December 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=China%2C+Taiwan+JV+break+ground+on+ethylene+complex&rft.date=2015-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Frefining-processing%2Farticle%2F17245950%2Fchina-taiwan-jv-break-ground-on-ethylene-complex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrelsford2024" class="citation web cs1">Brelsford, Robert (24 January 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/refining-processing/refining/construction/article/14304031/sabic-partner-approve-investment-for-new-ethylene-complex-in-china">"SABIC, partner approve investment for new ethylene complex in China"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=SABIC%2C+partner+approve+investment+for+new+ethylene+complex+in+China&rft.date=2024-01-24&rft.aulast=Brelsford&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Frefining-processing%2Frefining%2Fconstruction%2Farticle%2F14304031%2Fsabic-partner-approve-investment-for-new-ethylene-complex-in-china&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAizhu" class="citation news cs1">Aizhu, Chen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopec-aramco-start-building-petrochemical-complex-chinas-fujian-2024-11-18/">"Sinopec, Aramco start building $10 billion petchem complex in China's Fujian"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sinopec%2C+Aramco+start+building+%2410+billion+petchem+complex+in+China%27s+Fujian&rft.aulast=Aizhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopec-aramco-start-building-petrochemical-complex-chinas-fujian-2024-11-18%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/business/china-approves-35-percent-sk-stake-in-2-7-billion-sinopec-ethylene-plant-idUSBRE9540BN/">"China approves 35 percent SK stake in $2.7 billion Sinopec ethylene plant"</a>. Reuters. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China+approves+35+percent+SK+stake+in+%242.7+billion+Sinopec+ethylene+plant&rft.date=2013-06-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fbusiness%2Fchina-approves-35-percent-sk-stake-in-2-7-billion-sinopec-ethylene-plant-idUSBRE9540BN%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fggz/cyfz/zcyfz/201306/t20130605_1149704.html">"武汉80万吨/年乙烯工程变更投资主体通过核准"</a>. www.ndrc.gov.cn (in Chinese). 27 May 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ndrc.gov.cn&rft.atitle=%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%8980%E4%B8%87%E5%90%A8%2F%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%98%E6%9B%B4%E6%8A%95%E8%B5%84%E4%B8%BB%E4%BD%93%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87%E6%A0%B8%E5%87%86&rft.date=2013-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndrc.gov.cn%2Ffggz%2Fcyfz%2Fzcyfz%2F201306%2Ft20130605_1149704.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-parentbuy-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-parentbuy_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-parentbuy_36-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharlie_Zhu2013" class="citation news cs1">Charlie Zhu (25 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/sinopec-acquisition-idUSL3N0CH08H20130325">"Sinopec to pay $1.5 billion for parent's oil, gas assets"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sinopec+to+pay+%241.5+billion+for+parent%27s+oil%2C+gas+assets&rft.date=2013-03-25&rft.au=Charlie+Zhu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fsinopec-acquisition-idUSL3N0CH08H20130325&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopec.com/listco/en/about_sinopec/subsidiaries/oil_products_sales/20161109/news_20161109_392890677780.shtml">"SINOPEC Zhejiang Oil Products Company"</a>. www.sinopec.com. Retrieved 1 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=SINOPEC+Zhejiang+Oil+Products+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopec.com%2Flistco%2Fen%2Fabout_sinopec%2Fsubsidiaries%2Foil_products_sales%2F20161109%2Fnews_20161109_392890677780.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/022621-refinery-news-roundup-chinas-zhejiang-to-raise-capacity-by-2025-japans-runs-down-on-earthquake">"REFINERY NEWS ROUNDUP: China's Zhejiang to raise capacity by 2025; Japan's runs down on earthquake"</a>. S&P Global. 26 February 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S%26P+Global&rft.atitle=REFINERY+NEWS+ROUNDUP%3A+China%27s+Zhejiang+to+raise+capacity+by+2025%3B+Japan%27s+runs+down+on+earthquake&rft.date=2021-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spglobal.com%2Fcommodityinsights%2Fen%2Fmarket-insights%2Flatest-news%2Foil%2F022621-refinery-news-roundup-chinas-zhejiang-to-raise-capacity-by-2025-japans-runs-down-on-earthquake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cedouble-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cedouble_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cedouble_39-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTullo2024" class="citation journal cs1">Tullo, Alexander (12 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cen.acs.org/business/petrochemicals/China-aromatics-building-boom-rattles-the-petrochemical-industry/102/i8">"China's aromatics building boom rattles the petrochemical industry"</a>. Chemical & Engineering News. 102 (8). Retrieved 1 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=China%27s+aromatics+building+boom+rattles+the+petrochemical+industry&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.date=2024-03-12&rft.aulast=Tullo&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Fbusiness%2Fpetrochemicals%2FChina-aromatics-building-boom-rattles-the-petrochemical-industry%2F102%2Fi8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrelsford2018" class="citation journal cs1">Brelsford, Robert (26 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/refining-processing/refining/optimization/article/17296942/aramco-to-partner-on-zhejiang-petrochemicals-integrated-complex">"Aramco to partner on Zhejiang Petrochemical's integrated complex"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 1 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=Aramco+to+partner+on+Zhejiang+Petrochemical%27s+integrated+complex&rft.date=2018-10-26&rft.aulast=Brelsford&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Frefining-processing%2Frefining%2Foptimization%2Farticle%2F17296942%2Faramco-to-partner-on-zhejiang-petrochemicals-integrated-complex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aramco.com/en/news-media/news/2023/aramco-completes-purchase-of-rongsheng-petrochemical-stake">"Aramco completes $3.4bn purchase of Rongsheng Petrochemical stake"</a>. www.aramco.com. 21 July 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aramco.com&rft.atitle=Aramco+completes+%243.4bn+purchase+of+Rongsheng+Petrochemical+stake&rft.date=2023-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aramco.com%2Fen%2Fnews-media%2Fnews%2F2023%2Faramco-completes-purchase-of-rongsheng-petrochemical-stake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/chinas-sinopec-posts-6-bln-h1-profit-rebounding-oil-prices-better-demand-2021-08-29/">"China's Sinopec posts $6 bln H1 profit on rebounding oil prices, better demand"</a>. Reuters. 29 August 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+posts+%246+bln+H1+profit+on+rebounding+oil+prices%2C+better+demand&rft.date=2021-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fchinas-sinopec-posts-6-bln-h1-profit-rebounding-oil-prices-better-demand-2021-08-29%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopec-q1-net-income-jumps-25-high-oil-prices-2022-04-27/">"Sinopec Q1 net income jumps 25% on high oil prices"</a>. Reuters. 27 April 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+Q1+net+income+jumps+25%25+on+high+oil+prices&rft.date=2022-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopec-q1-net-income-jumps-25-high-oil-prices-2022-04-27%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greencarcongress.com/2021/04/20210416-nio.html">"NIO and Sinopec enter strategic partnership; launch of inaugural Gen2 battery swap station"</a>. Green Car Congress. Retrieved 5 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Green+Car+Congress&rft.atitle=NIO+and+Sinopec+enter+strategic+partnership%3B+launch+of+inaugural+Gen2+battery+swap+station&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greencarcongress.com%2F2021%2F04%2F20210416-nio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/00fdc70e-1482-4ce6-ba43-a802550838d4">"Sinopec signs huge LNG deals with US producer Venture Global"</a>. Financial Times. 20 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Sinopec+signs+huge+LNG+deals+with+US+producer+Venture+Global&rft.date=2021-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F00fdc70e-1482-4ce6-ba43-a802550838d4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopec-signs-20-yr-lng-contract-with-us-venture-global-lng-2021-11-04/">"Sinopec signs China's largest long-term LNG contract with U.S. firm"</a>. Reuters. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+signs+China%27s+largest+long-term+LNG+contract+with+U.S.+firm&rft.date=2021-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopec-signs-20-yr-lng-contract-with-us-venture-global-lng-2021-11-04%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbonengineering.com/petrochemicals/09032022/aramco-and-sinopec-to-work-on-downstream-projects-in-china/">"Aramco and Sinopec to work on downstream projects in China"</a>. Hydrocarbon Engineering. 9 March 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hydrocarbon+Engineering&rft.atitle=Aramco+and+Sinopec+to+work+on+downstream+projects+in+China&rft.date=2022-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbonengineering.com%2Fpetrochemicals%2F09032022%2Faramco-and-sinopec-to-work-on-downstream-projects-in-china%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTullo2023" class="citation journal cs1">Tullo, Alexander (30 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cen.acs.org/materials/polymers/Sinopec-opens-copolymer-plant/101/i14">"Sinopec opens copolymer plant"</a>. Chemical & Engineering News. Retrieved 23 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=Sinopec+opens+copolymer+plant&rft.date=2023-04-30&rft.aulast=Tullo&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Fmaterials%2Fpolymers%2FSinopec-opens-copolymer-plant%2F101%2Fi14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFProcyk2023" class="citation journal cs1">Procyk, Alex (28 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/drilling-production/drilling-operations/article/14301964/sinopec-flows-asias-deepest-well">"Sinopec flows Asia's deepest well"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 25 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=Sinopec+flows+Asia%27s+deepest+well&rft.date=2023-11-28&rft.aulast=Procyk&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Fdrilling-production%2Fdrilling-operations%2Farticle%2F14301964%2Fsinopec-flows-asias-deepest-well&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dailyBP-50"><a href="#cite_ref-dailyBP_50-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSharushkinaYen_Ling2006" class="citation journal cs1">Sharushkina, Nelli; Yen Ling, Song (20 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/199124746">"Sinopec, Rosneft Clinch Udmurtneft Deal - ProQuest"</a>. Oil Daily. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/199124746">199124746</a>. Retrieved 22 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+Daily&rft.atitle=Sinopec%2C+Rosneft+Clinch+Udmurtneft+Deal+-+ProQuest&rft.date=2006-06-20&rft.aulast=Sharushkina&rft.aufirst=Nelli&rft.au=Yen+Ling%2C+Song&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F199124746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zjsy.sinopec.com/zjsy/">"浙江石油分公司主页"</a>. zjsy.sinopec.com (in Chinese). Retrieved 22 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zjsy.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%88%86%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8+%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%B5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzjsy.sinopec.com%2Fzjsy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3248936/energy-giants-sinopec-and-bp-strengthen-ties-china-explore-potential-cooperation-ev-charging">"Energy giants Sinopec and BP to strengthen ties in China, explore potential cooperation in EV charging"</a>. South China Morning Post. 18 January 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240119123701/https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3248936/energy-giants-sinopec-and-bp-strengthen-ties-china-explore-potential-cooperation-ev-charging">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Energy+giants+Sinopec+and+BP+to+strengthen+ties+in+China%2C+explore+potential+cooperation+in+EV+charging&rft.date=2024-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fbusiness%2Fchina-business%2Farticle%2F3248936%2Fenergy-giants-sinopec-and-bp-strengthen-ties-china-explore-potential-cooperation-ev-charging&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.offshore-technology.com/features/largest-refining-companies-in-the-world/?cf-view">"Rankings and Analysis: Largest Refining Companies in the World"</a>. Offshore Technology. 12 November 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Offshore+Technology&rft.atitle=Rankings+and+Analysis%3A+Largest+Refining+Companies+in+the+World&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.offshore-technology.com%2Ffeatures%2Flargest-refining-companies-in-the-world%2F%3Fcf-view&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-addaxbuy-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-addaxbuy_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-addaxbuy_54-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-addaxbuy_54-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaggettBerginJordanBryan2009" class="citation news cs1">Haggett, Scott; Bergin, Tom; Jordan, Pav; Bryan, Victoria; Sandle, Paul; Rajan, Amitha (24 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/business/chinas-sinopec-to-buy-addax-for-c827-billion-idUSTRE55N59I/">"China's Sinopec to buy Addax for C$8.27 billion"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+to+buy+Addax+for+C%248.27+billion&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft.aulast=Haggett&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.au=Bergin%2C+Tom&rft.au=Jordan%2C+Pav&rft.au=Bryan%2C+Victoria&rft.au=Sandle%2C+Paul&rft.au=Rajan%2C+Amitha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fbusiness%2Fchinas-sinopec-to-buy-addax-for-c827-billion-idUSTRE55N59I%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-grab-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-grab_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-grab_55-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDownsEvans" class="citation web cs1">Downs, Erica; Evans, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/articles/untangling-chinas-quest-for-oil-through-state-backed-financial-deals/">"Untangling China's Quest for Oil through State-backed Financial Deals"</a>. Brookings. Retrieved 15 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brookings&rft.atitle=Untangling+China%27s+Quest+for+Oil+through+State-backed+Financial+Deals&rft.aulast=Downs&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft.au=Evans%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Farticles%2Funtangling-chinas-quest-for-oil-through-state-backed-financial-deals%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYelery2014" class="citation journal cs1">Yelery, Aravind (December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icsin.org/uploads/2015/04/12/e50f1e532774c4c354b24885fcb327c5.pdf">"China's 'Going Out' Policy: Sub-National Economic Trajectories"</a> (PDF). Institute of Chinese Studies Analysis. 24: 4. Retrieved 14 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Institute+of+Chinese+Studies+Analysis&rft.atitle=China%27s+%27Going+Out%27+Policy%3A+Sub-National+Economic+Trajectories&rft.volume=24&rft.pages=4&rft.date=2014-12&rft.aulast=Yelery&rft.aufirst=Aravind&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icsin.org%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F04%2F12%2Fe50f1e532774c4c354b24885fcb327c5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LiuDemand-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LiuDemand_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LiuDemand_57-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LiuDemand_57-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LiuDemand_57-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LiuDemand_57-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LiuDemand_57-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiu2014" class="citation journal cs1">Liu, Dong (8 October 2014). "China's Resource Demand and Market Opportunities in the Middle East: Policies and Operations in Iran and Iraq". Perspectives on Global Development and Technology. 13 (5–6): 564–587. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F15691497-12341318">10.1163/15691497-12341318</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Perspectives+on+Global+Development+and+Technology&rft.atitle=China%27s+Resource+Demand+and+Market+Opportunities+in+the+Middle+East%3A+Policies+and+Operations+in+Iran+and+Iraq&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E564-%3C%2Fspan%3E587&rft.date=2014-10-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F15691497-12341318&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Dong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-oilLee-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oilLee_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oilLee_58-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oilLee_58-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oilLee_58-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oilLee_58-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oilLee_58-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLee2005" class="citation journal cs1">Lee, P (June 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kar.kent.ac.uk/9359/1/China%27s_quest_for_oil_security_by_P_K_Lee.pdf">"China's Quest for Oil Security: Oil (Wars) in the Pipeline?"</a> (PDF). Pacific Review. 18 (2): 265–301. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09512740500162949">10.1080/09512740500162949</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Review&rft.atitle=China%27s+Quest+for+Oil+Security%3A+Oil+%28Wars%29+in+the+Pipeline%3F&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E265-%3C%2Fspan%3E301&rft.date=2005-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09512740500162949&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkar.kent.ac.uk%2F9359%2F1%2FChina%2527s_quest_for_oil_security_by_P_K_Lee.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-alves-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-alves_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alves_59-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alves_59-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alves_59-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alves_59-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlves2013" class="citation journal cs1">Alves, Ana (January 2013). "China's Economic Statecraft and African Mineral Resources: Changing Modes of Engagement". Global Powers and Africa Programme. 131.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Powers+and+Africa+Programme&rft.atitle=China%27s+Economic+Statecraft+and+African+Mineral+Resources%3A+Changing+Modes+of+Engagement&rft.volume=131&rft.date=2013-01&rft.aulast=Alves&rft.aufirst=Ana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-oecdInfo-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oecdInfo_60-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJiangSinton2011" class="citation report cs1">Jiang, Julie; Sinton, Jonathan (February 2011). Overseas Investments by Chinese National Oil Companies (Report). Paris: OECD/IEA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Overseas+Investments+by+Chinese+National+Oil+Companies&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=OECD%2FIEA&rft.date=2011-02&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.au=Sinton%2C+Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/en/social/kfzc20233.shtml">"Absorbing overseas talents"</a>. www.sinopecgroup.com. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopecgroup.com&rft.atitle=Absorbing+overseas+talents&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopecgroup.com%2Fgroup%2Fen%2Fsocial%2Fkfzc20233.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yavChina-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yavChina_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-yavChina_62-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-10/31/content_387140.htm">"China, Iran sign biggest oil & gas deal"</a>. China Daily. 31 October 2004. Retrieved 26 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Daily&rft.atitle=China%2C+Iran+sign+biggest+oil+%26+gas+deal&rft.date=2004-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fenglish%2Fdoc%2F2004-10%2F31%2Fcontent_387140.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-chinamining-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chinamining_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-chinamining_63-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-chinamining_63-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-chinamining_63-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080214055724/http://www.chinamining.org/Investment/2007-12-11/1197342543d8153.html">"China's Sinopec, Iran ink Yadavaran deal"</a>. AP. China Mining. 11 December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinamining.org/Investment/2007-12-11/1197342543d8153.html">the original</a> on 14 February 2008. Retrieved 26 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec%2C+Iran+ink+Yadavaran+deal&rft.date=2007-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinamining.org%2FInvestment%2F2007-12-11%2F1197342543d8153.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shana-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shana_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shana_64-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shana_64-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511173826/http://shana.ir/188626-en.html">"Early Production from Yadavaran Oil Field Starts"</a>. Shana. Tehran. 6 May 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shana.ir/188626-en.html">the original</a> on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shana&rft.atitle=Early+Production+from+Yadavaran+Oil+Field+Starts&rft.date=2012-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fshana.ir%2F188626-en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFXu2023" class="citation news cs1">Xu, Muyu (10 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/irans-expanding-oil-trade-with-top-buyer-china-2023-11-10/">"Explainer: Iran's expanding oil trade with top buyer China"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 26 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Explainer%3A+Iran%27s+expanding+oil+trade+with+top+buyer+China&rft.date=2023-11-10&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Muyu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fmarkets%2Fcommodities%2Firans-expanding-oil-trade-with-top-buyer-china-2023-11-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSharafedinFenton2019" class="citation news cs1">Sharafedin, Bozorgmehr; Fenton, Susan (2 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/currencies/iran-says-chinas-sinopec-might-not-develop-yadavaran-oilfield-idUSKCN1S8191/">"Iran says China's Sinopec might not develop Yadavaran oilfield"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 26 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Iran+says+China%27s+Sinopec+might+not+develop+Yadavaran+oilfield&rft.date=2019-05-02&rft.aulast=Sharafedin&rft.aufirst=Bozorgmehr&rft.au=Fenton%2C+Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fmarkets%2Fcurrencies%2Firan-says-chinas-sinopec-might-not-develop-yadavaran-oilfield-idUSKCN1S8191%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071030024203/http://www1.cei.gov.cn/ce/doc/cenm/200403171549.htm">"China's Sinopec, Total Gabon Sign Oil Deal"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.cei.gov.cn/ce/doc/cenm/200403171549.htm">the original</a> on 30 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China%27s+Sinopec%2C+Total+Gabon+Sign+Oil+Deal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.cei.gov.cn%2Fce%2Fdoc%2Fcenm%2F200403171549.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAgencies2004" class="citation news cs1">Agencies (4 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/en/doc/2004-02/04/content_302948.htm">"Sinopec signs evaluation deal for three oil blocks in Gabon"</a>. China Daily. Retrieved 5 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sinopec+signs+evaluation+deal+for+three+oil+blocks+in+Gabon&rft.date=2004-02-04&rft.au=Agencies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fen%2Fdoc%2F2004-02%2F04%2Fcontent_302948.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLawsonJaas2013" class="citation news cs1">Lawson, Antione; Jaas, Benjamin (6 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-06-06/gabonese-judges-to-arbitrate-over-addax-field-seizure">"Gabon to Seize Field as Dispute With Sinopec Unit Worsens"</a>. Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Gabon+to+Seize+Field+as+Dispute+With+Sinopec+Unit+Worsens&rft.date=2013-06-06&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Antione&rft.au=Jaas%2C+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2013-06-06%2Fgabonese-judges-to-arbitrate-over-addax-field-seizure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarge2013" class="citation news cs1">Farge, Emma (6 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://china.legalbusinessonline.com/news/addax-locked-1-bln-oil-dispute-gabon/62224">"Addax 'locked in $1 bln oil dispute with Gabon'"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Addax+%27locked+in+%241+bln+oil+dispute+with+Gabon%27&rft.date=2013-06-06&rft.aulast=Farge&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchina.legalbusinessonline.com%2Fnews%2Faddax-locked-1-bln-oil-dispute-gabon%2F62224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFargeMiles2014" class="citation news cs1">Farge, Emma; Miles, Tom (16 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/commodities/sinopecs-addax-says-ends-talks-with-gabon-over-disputed-oil-licence-idUSL5N0KQ2XA/">"Sinopec's Addax says ends talks with Gabon over disputed oil licence"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec%27s+Addax+says+ends+talks+with+Gabon+over+disputed+oil+licence&rft.date=2014-01-16&rft.aulast=Farge&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.au=Miles%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fmarkets%2Fcommodities%2Fsinopecs-addax-says-ends-talks-with-gabon-over-disputed-oil-licence-idUSL5N0KQ2XA%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYing2005" class="citation news cs1">Ying, Wang (16 September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-09/16/content_478433.htm">"Oil consortium buys EnCana Ecuador assets"</a>. www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 18 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.chinadaily.com.cn&rft.atitle=Oil+consortium+buys+EnCana+Ecuador+assets&rft.date=2005-09-16&rft.aulast=Ying&rft.aufirst=Wang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fenglish%2Fdoc%2F2005-09%2F16%2Fcontent_478433.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-xinhuaes-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xinhuaes_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-xinhuaes_73-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redalc-china.org/monitor/images/pais/Ecuador/noticias/06_Xinhua_Consorcio_chino_asume_activos_Encana_Ecuador.pdf">"Consorcio chino asume activos de Encana en Ecuado"</a> (PDF). Xinhua (in Spanish). Quito. 7 March 2006. Retrieved 18 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Xinhua&rft.atitle=Consorcio+chino+asume+activos+de+Encana+en+Ecuado&rft.date=2006-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redalc-china.org%2Fmonitor%2Fimages%2Fpais%2FEcuador%2Fnoticias%2F06_Xinhua_Consorcio_chino_asume_activos_Encana_Ecuador.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bosEc-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bosEc_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bosEc_74-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRayChimienti2015" class="citation report cs1">Ray, Rebecca; Chimienti, Adam (28 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bu.edu/gdp/files/2017/09/Ecuador.pdf">A Line in the Equatorial Forests Chinese Investment and the Environmental and Social Impacts of Extractive Industries in Ecuador</a> (PDF) (Report). Boston University Global Development Policy Center.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=A+Line+in+the+Equatorial+Forests+Chinese+Investment+and+the+Environmental+and+Social+Impacts+of+Extractive+Industries+in+Ecuador&rft.pub=Boston+University+Global+Development+Policy+Center&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.au=Chimienti%2C+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bu.edu%2Fgdp%2Ffiles%2F2017%2F09%2FEcuador.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGill2014" class="citation news cs1">Gill, Nathan (3 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-07-03/ecuador-says-china-signed-2-billion-oil-deal-to-access-crude">"Ecuador Says China Signed $2 Billion Oil Deal to Access Crude"</a>. Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 18 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Ecuador+Says+China+Signed+%242+Billion+Oil+Deal+to+Access+Crude&rft.date=2014-07-03&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2014-07-03%2Fecuador-says-china-signed-2-billion-oil-deal-to-access-crude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoloney2019" class="citation news cs1">Moloney, Anastasia (12 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.trust.org/item/20190712165758-t3yge/">"Ecuador tribe wins legal battle over the Amazon"</a>. Thomson Reuters Foundation. Bogota. Retrieved 18 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thomson+Reuters+Foundation&rft.atitle=Ecuador+tribe+wins+legal+battle+over+the+Amazon&rft.date=2019-07-12&rft.aulast=Moloney&rft.aufirst=Anastasia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.trust.org%2Fitem%2F20190712165758-t3yge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoenigMazabanda2019" class="citation web cs1">Koenig, Kevin; Mazabanda, Carlos (7 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amazonwatch.org/news/2019/1107-historic-victory-in-the-fight-for-indigenous-rights-and-to-end-amazon-crude">"Historic Victory in the Fight for Indigenous Rights and to End Amazon Crude"</a>. amazonwatch.org. Retrieved 18 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amazonwatch.org&rft.atitle=Historic+Victory+in+the+Fight+for+Indigenous+Rights+and+to+End+Amazon+Crude&rft.date=2019-11-07&rft.aulast=Koenig&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.au=Mazabanda%2C+Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famazonwatch.org%2Fnews%2F2019%2F1107-historic-victory-in-the-fight-for-indigenous-rights-and-to-end-amazon-crude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sudantribune.com/article15445/">"Sudan to open new oil pipeline"</a>. Sudan Tribune. Reuters. 6 April 2006. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sudan+to+open+new+oil+pipeline&rft.date=2006-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsudantribune.com%2Farticle15445%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080313172226/http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Sudan/Full.html">"Sudan Energy Data, Statistics and Analysis - Oil, Gas, Electricity, Coal"</a>. eia.doe.gov. Energy Information Administration. April 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Sudan/Full.html">the original</a> on 13 March 2008. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eia.doe.gov&rft.atitle=Sudan+Energy+Data%2C+Statistics+and+Analysis+-+Oil%2C+Gas%2C+Electricity%2C+Coal&rft.date=2007-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.doe.gov%2Femeu%2Fcabs%2FSudan%2FFull.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/2020/073/article-A003-en.xml">"Sudan: Selected Issues"</a>. IMF Staff Country Reports. 20 (73). 10 March 2020. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5089%2F9781513536743.002">10.5089/9781513536743.002</a>. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IMF+Staff+Country+Reports&rft.atitle=Sudan%3A+Selected+Issues&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=73&rft.date=2020-03-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5089%2F9781513536743.002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elibrary.imf.org%2Fview%2Fjournals%2F002%2F2020%2F073%2Farticle-A003-en.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-petrolines-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-petrolines_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-petrolines_81-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-petrolines_81-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAbdelaziz2024" class="citation news cs1">Abdelaziz, Khalid (25 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2024-03-25/sudan-war-causes-stoppages-on-south-sudan-oil-pipeline-officials-say">"Sudan War Causes Stoppages on South Sudan Oil Pipeline, Officials Say"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sudan+War+Causes+Stoppages+on+South+Sudan+Oil+Pipeline%2C+Officials+Say&rft.date=2024-03-25&rft.aulast=Abdelaziz&rft.aufirst=Khalid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2024-03-25%2Fsudan-war-causes-stoppages-on-south-sudan-oil-pipeline-officials-say&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSimon_Wudu2024" class="citation news cs1">Simon Wudu, Waakhe (28 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/sudan-oil-pipeline-resumption-imminent-says-south-sudan-official-2024-05-28/">"Sudan oil pipeline resumption imminent, says South Sudan official"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sudan+oil+pipeline+resumption+imminent%2C+says+South+Sudan+official&rft.date=2024-05-28&rft.aulast=Simon+Wudu&rft.aufirst=Waakhe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fmarkets%2Fcommodities%2Fsudan-oil-pipeline-resumption-imminent-says-south-sudan-official-2024-05-28%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sudanwarmonitor.com/p/sudan-oil-pipeline-rupture">"'Major rupture' in Sudan oil pipeline"</a>. sudanwarmonitor.com. 20 March 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sudanwarmonitor.com&rft.atitle=%27Major+rupture%27+in+Sudan+oil+pipeline&rft.date=2024-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsudanwarmonitor.com%2Fp%2Fsudan-oil-pipeline-rupture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-clinch-84">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clinch_84-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-clinch_84-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSharushkinaYen_Ling2006" class="citation web cs1">Sharushkina, Nelli; Yen Ling, Song (20 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/199124746">"Sinopec, rosneft clinch udmurtneft deal"</a>. Oil Daily. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/199124746">199124746</a>. Retrieved 22 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sinopec%2C+rosneft+clinch+udmurtneft+deal&rft.pub=Oil+Daily&rft.date=2006-06-20&rft.aulast=Sharushkina&rft.aufirst=Nelli&rft.au=Yen+Ling%2C+Song&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F199124746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100525054511/http://www.rosneft.com/Upstream/Exploration/russia_far_east/sakhalin-3/">"Sakhalin-3"</a>. www.rosneft.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rosneft.com/Upstream/Exploration/russia_far_east/sakhalin-3/">the original</a> on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 23 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rosneft.com&rft.atitle=Sakhalin-3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rosneft.com%2FUpstream%2FExploration%2Frussia_far_east%2Fsakhalin-3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100821215515/http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Sakhalin/Background.html">"Sakhalin Island"</a>. www.eia.doe.gov. May 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Sakhalin/Background.html">the original</a> on 21 August 2010. Retrieved 23 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eia.doe.gov&rft.atitle=Sakhalin+Island&rft.date=2008-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.doe.gov%2Femeu%2Fcabs%2FSakhalin%2FBackground.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWalters2006" class="citation news cs1">Walters, Greg (21 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB115083075520485413">"Sinopec Sets Deal For Russian Oil, Aided by Rosneft"</a>. Wall Street Journal. Moscow. Retrieved 23 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Sinopec+Sets+Deal+For+Russian+Oil%2C+Aided+by+Rosneft&rft.date=2006-06-21&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB115083075520485413&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jianchao-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jianchao_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-jianchao_88-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160109223626/http://www.radio86.co.uk/china-insight/news-today/2350/china-condemns-raid-on-sinopec-oil-field-in-ethiopia">"China condemns raid on Sinopec oil field in Ethiopia - Radio86.co.uk"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radio86.co.uk/china-insight/news-today/2350/china-condemns-raid-on-sinopec-oil-field-in-ethiopia">the original</a> on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+condemns+raid+on+Sinopec+oil+field+in+Ethiopia+-+Radio86.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio86.co.uk%2Fchina-insight%2Fnews-today%2F2350%2Fchina-condemns-raid-on-sinopec-oil-field-in-ethiopia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCody2007" class="citation news cs1">Cody, Edward (26 April 2007). "China's expansion puts workers in harm's way; attack on ethiopian oil field highlights political perils of pursuing resources abroad". The Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=China%27s+expansion+puts+workers+in+harm%27s+way%3B+attack+on+ethiopian+oil+field+highlights+political+perils+of+pursuing+resources+abroad&rft.date=2007-04-26&rft.aulast=Cody&rft.aufirst=Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TanganyikaUBS-90"><a href="#cite_ref-TanganyikaUBS_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKontFriess2007" class="citation report cs1">Kont, Memet; Friess, Chad (4 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20100813024939/http://www.greywolf.se/UBS.pdf">Tanganyika Oil Company Ltd</a> (PDF) (Report). UBS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greywolf.se/UBS.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Tanganyika+Oil+Company+Ltd&rft.pub=UBS&rft.date=2007-04-04&rft.aulast=Kont&rft.aufirst=Memet&rft.au=Friess%2C+Chad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greywolf.se%2FUBS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/oil/sinopec-pays-2-bln-for-syria-based-tanganyika-oil-idUSHKG194242/">"Sinopec pays $2 bln for Syria-based Tanganyika Oil"</a>. Reuters. 25 September 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+pays+%242+bln+for+Syria-based+Tanganyika+Oil&rft.date=2008-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fmarkets%2Foil%2Fsinopec-pays-2-bln-for-syria-based-tanganyika-oil-idUSHKG194242%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-marshallSyria-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marshallSyria_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-marshallSyria_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLerner2017" class="citation journal cs1">Lerner, George Marshall (14 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2017/02/why-china-cant-ignore-syrias-rebel-factions/">"Why China Can't Ignore Syria's Rebel Factions"</a>. thediplomat.com. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=thediplomat.com&rft.atitle=Why+China+Can%27t+Ignore+Syria%27s+Rebel+Factions&rft.date=2017-02-14&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.aufirst=George+Marshall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2017%2F02%2Fwhy-china-cant-ignore-syrias-rebel-factions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.qna.org.qa/en/News-Area/News/2013-09/14/chinese-petroleum-firm-leave-syria">"Chinese Petroleum Firm Leave Syria"</a>. Qatar News Agency. 20 August 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Qatar+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Chinese+Petroleum+Firm+Leave+Syria&rft.date=2013-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.qna.org.qa%2Fen%2FNews-Area%2FNews%2F2013-09%2F14%2Fchinese-petroleum-firm-leave-syria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChen2013" class="citation news cs1">Chen, Shu-Ching Jean (19 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2008/03/07/aed-oil-sinopec-markets-equity-cx_jc_0307markets04.html">"AED Oil Seeks Savior In Sinopec"</a>. Forbes. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=AED+Oil+Seeks+Savior+In+Sinopec&rft.date=2013-06-19&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Shu-Ching+Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2008%2F03%2F07%2Faed-oil-sinopec-markets-equity-cx_jc_0307markets04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2008" class="citation journal cs1">Wilkinson, Rick (7 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogj.com/exploration-development/article/17267352/aed-sinopec-form-jv-for-aeds-timor-sea-assets">"AED, Sinopec form JV for AED's Timor Sea assets"</a>. Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=AED%2C+Sinopec+form+JV+for+AED%27s+Timor+Sea+assets&rft.date=2008-03-07&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogj.com%2Fexploration-development%2Farticle%2F17267352%2Faed-sinopec-form-jv-for-aeds-timor-sea-assets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/business/reorganisation_addax-petroleum-to-close-operations-in-geneva/43394676">"Addax Petroleum to close operations in Geneva"</a>. swissinfo.ch. 7 August 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=swissinfo.ch&rft.atitle=Addax+Petroleum+to+close+operations+in+Geneva&rft.date=2017-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Feng%2Fbusiness%2Freorganisation_addax-petroleum-to-close-operations-in-geneva%2F43394676&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swisscham.org/glencore-replaces-sinopec-in-chevrons-south-africa-asset-sale/">"Glencore Replaces Sinopec In Chevron's South Africa Asset Sale"</a>. Swisscham.org. 24 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Swisscham.org&rft.atitle=Glencore+Replaces+Sinopec+In+Chevron%27s+South+Africa+Asset+Sale&rft.date=2017-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swisscham.org%2Fglencore-replaces-sinopec-in-chevrons-south-africa-asset-sale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSanyaolu2017" class="citation news cs1">Sanyaolu, Adewale (1 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thesun.ng/us-probes-sinopec-over-alleged-100m-bribe-to-nigerian-officials/">"US probes Sinopec over alleged $100m bribe to Nigerian officials"</a>. The Sun Nigeria. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun+Nigeria&rft.atitle=US+probes+Sinopec+over+alleged+%24100m+bribe+to+Nigerian+officials&rft.date=2017-09-01&rft.aulast=Sanyaolu&rft.aufirst=Adewale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthesun.ng%2Fus-probes-sinopec-over-alleged-100m-bribe-to-nigerian-officials%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haider-99"><a href="#cite_ref-Haider_99-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAl-SHAFIY2015" class="citation journal cs1">Al-SHAFIY, Haider Hamood Radhi (March 2015). "CNPC, CNOOC and SINOPEC in Iraq: Successful Start and Ambitious Cooperation Plan". Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (In Asia). 9 (1): 78–98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F19370679.2015.12023256">10.1080/19370679.2015.12023256</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Middle+Eastern+and+Islamic+Studies+%28In+Asia%29&rft.atitle=CNPC%2C+CNOOC+and+SINOPEC+in+Iraq%3A+Successful+Start+and+Ambitious+Cooperation+Plan&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E78-%3C%2Fspan%3E98&rft.date=2015-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F19370679.2015.12023256&rft.aulast=Al-SHAFIY&rft.aufirst=Haider+Hamood+Radhi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLee2013" class="citation news cs1">Lee, John (15 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iraq-businessnews.com/2013/10/15/sinopec-is-dealt-a-setback-in-iraq/">"Sinopec is Dealt a Setback in Iraq"</a>. Iraq Business News. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Iraq+Business+News&rft.atitle=Sinopec+is+Dealt+a+Setback+in+Iraq&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iraq-businessnews.com%2F2013%2F10%2F15%2Fsinopec-is-dealt-a-setback-in-iraq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/sinopec-conocophillips-idUSN2516802520100625">"UPDATE 1-Canada clears Sinopec to buy Syncrude stake"</a>. Reuters. 25 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=UPDATE+1-Canada+clears+Sinopec+to+buy+Syncrude+stake&rft.date=2010-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fsinopec-conocophillips-idUSN2516802520100625&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGalvin2012" class="citation news cs1">Galvin, Terry (29 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalpost.com/opinion/terry-glavin-scrutinizing-canadas-pipeline-to-beijing">"Scrutinizing Canada's pipeline to Beijing"</a>. National Post. Retrieved 12 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Scrutinizing+Canada%27s+pipeline+to+Beijing&rft.date=2012-01-29&rft.aulast=Galvin&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalpost.com%2Fopinion%2Fterry-glavin-scrutinizing-canadas-pipeline-to-beijing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005020527/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/world-news/sinopec-makes-c3622bn-bid-for-canada%60s-daylight_596261.html">"Sinopec makes C$2.2bn bid for Canada's Daylight"</a>. 10 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/world-news/sinopec-makes-c3622bn-bid-for-canada%60s-daylight_596261.html">the original</a> on 5 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sinopec+makes+C%242.2bn+bid+for+Canada%27s+Daylight&rft.date=2011-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moneycontrol.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-news%2Fsinopec-makes-c3622bn-bid-for-canada%2560s-daylight_596261.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> Globe and Mail, Report on Business p.B3, 2 August 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDowsettAizhu" class="citation news cs1">Dowsett, Sonya; Aizhu, Chen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/world/europe/chinas-sinopec-buys-repsol-brazil-stake-for-71-billion-idUSTRE6900YZ/">"China's Sinopec buys Repsol Brazil stake for $7.1 billion"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+buys+Repsol+Brazil+stake+for+%247.1+billion&rft.aulast=Dowsett&rft.aufirst=Sonya&rft.au=Aizhu%2C+Chen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fchinas-sinopec-buys-repsol-brazil-stake-for-71-billion-idUSTRE6900YZ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bccnorth-106">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bccnorth_106-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bccnorth_106-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBennett2012" class="citation news cs1">Bennett, Magnus (24 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-scotland-business-18971841">"China dives into North Sea waters"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=China+dives+into+North+Sea+waters&rft.date=2012-07-24&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Magnus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-scotland-business-18971841&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCao2011" class="citation news cs1">Cao, Belinda (13 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150321053440/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-11-13/sinopec-rises-as-ny-index-rallies-third-week-china-overnight">"Sinopec Gains"</a>. Bloomberg.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-11-13/sinopec-rises-as-ny-index-rallies-third-week-china-overnight.html">the original</a> on 21 March 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Sinopec+Gains&rft.date=2011-11-13&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=Belinda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-11-13%2Fsinopec-rises-as-ny-index-rallies-third-week-china-overnight.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-deepIndo-108"><a href="#cite_ref-deepIndo_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFXuKills2011" class="citation news cs1">Xu, Wan; Kills, Ken (11 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/commodities/sinopec-buys-18-pct-of-chevron-indonesia-deep-water-project-official-idUSL3E7LB1E1/">"Sinopec buys 18 pct of Chevron Indonesia deep-water project -official"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 16 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+buys+18+pct+of+Chevron+Indonesia+deep-water+project+-official&rft.date=2011-10-11&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Wan&rft.au=Kills%2C+Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fmarkets%2Fcommodities%2Fsinopec-buys-18-pct-of-chevron-indonesia-deep-water-project-official-idUSL3E7LB1E1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWinning2010" class="citation news cs1">Winning, D (2 December 2010). "Sinopec to join chevron gas project". The Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Sinopec+to+join+chevron+gas+project&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.aulast=Winning&rft.aufirst=D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90778/7635729.html">"Addax completes acquisition of Shell's stake in Pecten"</a>. Xinhua. 4 November 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Addax+completes+acquisition+of+Shell%27s+stake+in+Pecten&rft.pub=Xinhua&rft.date=2011-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.peopledaily.com.cn%2F90778%2F7635729.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mbendi-111"><a href="#cite_ref-mbendi_111-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080321092038/http://www.mbendi.co.za/orgs/ce88.htm">"An MBendi Profile – Organisation: Pecten Cameroon Company"</a>. Mbendi.co.za. 31 July 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mbendi.co.za/orgs/ce88.htm">the original</a> on 21 March 2008. Retrieved 19 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+MBendi+Profile+%E2%80%93+Organisation%3A+Pecten+Cameroon+Company&rft.pub=Mbendi.co.za&rft.date=2006-07-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mbendi.co.za%2Forgs%2Fce88.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/business/bp-sinopec-start-singapore-based-bunker-fuel-joint-venture-idUSKBN0O40K7/">"BP, Sinopec start Singapore-based bunker fuel joint venture"</a>. Reuters. 19 May 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=BP%2C+Sinopec+start+Singapore-based+bunker+fuel+joint+venture&rft.date=2015-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fbusiness%2Fbp-sinopec-start-singapore-based-bunker-fuel-joint-venture-idUSKBN0O40K7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/070920-bp-sinopec-bunker-venture-to-start-fuel-oil-deliveries-to-fujairah-source">"BP-Sinopec bunker venture to start fuel oil deliveries to Fujairah"</a>. SP Global. Dubai. 9 July 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SP+Global&rft.atitle=BP-Sinopec+bunker+venture+to+start+fuel+oil+deliveries+to+Fujairah&rft.date=2020-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spglobal.com%2Fcommodityinsights%2Fen%2Fmarket-insights%2Flatest-news%2Foil%2F070920-bp-sinopec-bunker-venture-to-start-fuel-oil-deliveries-to-fujairah-source&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rtnorth-114"><a href="#cite_ref-rtnorth_114-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rttnews.com/2024862/talisman-energy-closes-1-5-bln-north-sea-transaction-with-sinopec-quick-facts.aspx?type=cn">"Sinopec makes $1.5bn investment in North Sea"</a>. Retrieved 17 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sinopec+makes+%241.5bn+investment+in+North+Sea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rttnews.com%2F2024862%2Ftalisman-energy-closes-1-5-bln-north-sea-transaction-with-sinopec-quick-facts.aspx%3Ftype%3Dcn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAllister2023" class="citation news cs1">Allister, Thomas (1 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energyvoice.com/oilandgas/north-sea/540401/repsol-resources-uk-sinopec/">"Repsol Sinopec gets rebrand after $2.1bn dispute deal is closed"</a>. Energy Voice. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Voice&rft.atitle=Repsol+Sinopec+gets+rebrand+after+%242.1bn+dispute+deal+is+closed&rft.date=2023-11-01&rft.aulast=Allister&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energyvoice.com%2Foilandgas%2Fnorth-sea%2F540401%2Frepsol-resources-uk-sinopec%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChen_Aizhu2013" class="citation news cs1">Chen Aizhu (25 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sinopec-cpc-myanmar-idUSBRE93O0E420130425">"China's Sinopec sells Myanmar energy stake to Taiwan's CPC"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+sells+Myanmar+energy+stake+to+Taiwan%27s+CPC&rft.date=2013-04-25&rft.au=Chen+Aizhu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-sinopec-cpc-myanmar-idUSBRE93O0E420130425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAvik_Das2013" class="citation news cs1">Avik Das (30 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-apache-egypt-idUSBRE97T02720130830">"Apache sells Egyptian oil stake to Sinopec for $3.1 billion, forms global JV"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Apache+sells+Egyptian+oil+stake+to+Sinopec+for+%243.1+billion%2C+forms+global+JV&rft.date=2013-08-30&rft.au=Avik+Das&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-apache-egypt-idUSBRE97T02720130830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306122850/http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-china-cnpc-idUKBRE95M07W20130623">China's Sinopec buys Marathon's Angola oil fields for $1.52 billion</a>, International: <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>, 2013, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-china-cnpc-idUKBRE95M07W20130623">the original</a> on 6 March 2016</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China%27s+Sinopec+buys+Marathon%27s+Angola+oil+fields+for+%241.52+billion&rft.place=International&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-cnpc-idUKBRE95M07W20130623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:322-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:322_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:322_119-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:322_119-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShinnEisenman2023" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_H._Shinn" title="David H. Shinn">Shinn, David H.</a>; Eisenman, Joshua (2023). China's Relations with Africa: a New Era of Strategic Engagement. New York: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-21001-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-21001-0"><bdi>978-0-231-21001-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China%27s+Relations+with+Africa%3A+a+New+Era+of+Strategic+Engagement&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-0-231-21001-0&rft.aulast=Shinn&rft.aufirst=David+H.&rft.au=Eisenman%2C+Joshua&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopec-signs-20-yr-lng-contract-with-us-venture-global-lng-2021-11-04/">"Sinopec signs China's largest long-term LNG contract with U.S. firm"</a>. Reuters. 4 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+signs+China%27s+largest+long-term+LNG+contract+with+U.S.+firm&rft.date=2021-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopec-signs-20-yr-lng-contract-with-us-venture-global-lng-2021-11-04%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Chen Aizhu. (19 January 2022). "China Sinopec tenders to sell up to 45 LNG cargoes for 2022". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/china-sinopec-tenders-to-sell-up-to-45-lng-cargoes-for-2022">Reuters website</a> Retrieved 1 June 2022 </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3236695/ukraine-designates-chinas-biggest-oil-firms-sponsors-war-russian-joint-ventures">Ukraine designates China's biggest oil firms as ‘sponsors of war’ for Russian joint ventures</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> Chen Aizhu and Florence Tan. (6 April 2022). "Exclusive: China state refiners shun new Russian oil trades, teapots fly under radar". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/exclusive-china-state-refiners-shun-new-russian-oil-trades-teapots-fly-under-2022-04-06/">Reuters website</a> Retrieved 1 June 2022. </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> Anna Hirtenstein and Benoit Faucon. (1 June 2022). "Russian Oil Producers Stay One Step Ahead of Sanctions".<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-oil-producers-stay-one-step-ahead-of-sanctions-11654076614?reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink">Wall Street Journal website</a> Retrieved 1 June 2022. </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAizhuTan2025" class="citation news cs1">Aizhu, Chen; Tan, Florence (14 March 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/china-state-firms-curb-russian-oil-imports-sanctions-risks-sources-say-2025-03-14/">"China state firms curb Russian oil imports on sanctions risks, sources say"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Retrieved 16 March 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China+state+firms+curb+Russian+oil+imports+on+sanctions+risks%2C+sources+say&rft.date=2025-03-14&rft.aulast=Aizhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.au=Tan%2C+Florence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fchina-state-firms-curb-russian-oil-imports-sanctions-risks-sources-say-2025-03-14%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDahanMills2023" class="citation news cs1">Dahan, Maha El; Mills, Andrew (12 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/chinas-sinopec-take-5-share-qatars-north-field-east-qna-2023-04-12/">"China's Sinopec to take stake in Qatar's North Field East"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 9 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+to+take+stake+in+Qatar%27s+North+Field+East&rft.date=2023-04-12&rft.aulast=Dahan&rft.aufirst=Maha+El&rft.au=Mills%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fmarkets%2Fdeals%2Fchinas-sinopec-take-5-share-qatars-north-field-east-qna-2023-04-12%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/sinopec-join-qatarenergy-north-field-east-expansion-project/">"Sinopec to join QatarEnergy's $29bn North Field East expansion project"</a>. 13 April 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sinopec+to+join+QatarEnergy%27s+%2429bn+North+Field+East+expansion+project&rft.date=2023-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsenergybusiness.com%2Fnews%2Fsinopec-join-qatarenergy-north-field-east-expansion-project%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/article/12/04/2023/qatarenergy-selects-sinopec-as-north-field-east-expansion-partner">"QatarEnergy selects Sinopec as North Field East expansion partner"</a>. thepeninsulaqatar.com. 12 April 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thepeninsulaqatar.com&rft.atitle=QatarEnergy+selects+Sinopec+as+North+Field+East+expansion+partner&rft.date=2023-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthepeninsulaqatar.com%2Farticle%2F12%2F04%2F2023%2Fqatarenergy-selects-sinopec-as-north-field-east-expansion-partner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Sinopec and Qatar Energy Sign Longest LNG P&S Agreement". China Chemical Reporter. 6 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Chemical+Reporter&rft.atitle=Sinopec+and+Qatar+Energy+Sign+Longest+LNG+P%26S+Agreement&rft.date=2022-12-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAizhu2023" class="citation news cs1">Aizhu, Chen (31 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopec-sets-up-new-entity-expand-refinery-investment-abroad-2023-08-31/">"Sinopec sets up new entity to expand refinery investment abroad"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 26 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+sets+up+new+entity+to+expand+refinery+investment+abroad&rft.date=2023-08-31&rft.aulast=Aizhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopec-sets-up-new-entity-expand-refinery-investment-abroad-2023-08-31%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopec-buys-over-30-lng-cargoes-winter-demand-trading-sources-2023-09-20/">"Sinopec buys over 30 LNG cargoes for winter demand, trading, sources say"</a>. Reuters. 20 September 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+buys+over+30+LNG+cargoes+for+winter+demand%2C+trading%2C+sources+say&rft.date=2023-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopec-buys-over-30-lng-cargoes-winter-demand-trading-sources-2023-09-20%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chinas-sinopec-signs-agreement-kazakh-polyethylene-project-2023-10-17/">"China's Sinopec signs equity agreement for Kazakh polyethylene project"</a>. Reuters. 17 October 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+signs+equity+agreement+for+Kazakh+polyethylene+project&rft.date=2023-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fmarkets%2Fcommodities%2Fchinas-sinopec-signs-agreement-kazakh-polyethylene-project-2023-10-17%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sri-lanka-ok-sinopecs-45-bln-refinery-proposal-monday-minister-2023-11-25/">"Sri Lanka to OK Sinopec's $4.5 bln refinery proposal on Monday -minister"</a>. Reuters. 25 November 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sri+Lanka+to+OK+Sinopec%27s+%244.5+bln+refinery+proposal+on+Monday+-minister&rft.date=2023-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsri-lanka-ok-sinopecs-45-bln-refinery-proposal-monday-minister-2023-11-25%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMishra2023" class="citation web cs1">Mishra, Shivam (28 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.offshore-technology.com/news/sinopec-sri-lanka-hambantota-refinery/">"Sri Lanka selects China's Sinopec for $4.5bn refinery project"</a>. Offshore Technology. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Offshore+Technology&rft.atitle=Sri+Lanka+selects+China%27s+Sinopec+for+%244.5bn+refinery+project&rft.date=2023-11-28&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Shivam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.offshore-technology.com%2Fnews%2Fsinopec-sri-lanka-hambantota-refinery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailynews.lk/2023/11/28/local/258955/cabinet-nod-for-sinopec-to-set-up-petroleum-refinery/">"Cabinet nod for SINOPEC to set up Petroleum refinery"</a>. DailyNews. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DailyNews&rft.atitle=Cabinet+nod+for+SINOPEC+to+set+up+Petroleum+refinery&rft.date=2023-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailynews.lk%2F2023%2F11%2F28%2Flocal%2F258955%2Fcabinet-nod-for-sinopec-to-set-up-petroleum-refinery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-136"><a href="#cite_ref-:12_136-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeutert2024" class="citation book cs1">Leutert, Wendy (2024). China's State-Owned Enterprises: Leadership, Reform, and Internationalization. Business and Public Policy Series. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-009-48654-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-009-48654-5"><bdi>978-1-009-48654-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China%27s+State-Owned+Enterprises%3A+Leadership%2C+Reform%2C+and+Internationalization&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Business+and+Public+Policy+Series&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-1-009-48654-5&rft.aulast=Leutert&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sec2020-137"><a href="#cite_ref-sec2020_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1123658/000110465921052188/tm2039442d3_20f.htm">CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION 20-F</a> (Report). Sinopec. 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=CHINA+PETROLEUM+%26+CHEMICAL+CORPORATION+20-F&rft.pub=Sinopec&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F1123658%2F000110465921052188%2Ftm2039442d3_20f.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-sinopec-todesstrafe-20090715-idDEBEE56E02320090715">"Ex-Direktoriums-Chef von Sinopec in China zum Tode verurteilt"</a>. Reuters (in German). 15 July 2009. Retrieved 15 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ex-Direktoriums-Chef+von+Sinopec+in+China+zum+Tode+verurteilt&rft.date=2009-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fchina-sinopec-todesstrafe-20090715-idDEBEE56E02320090715&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-corruptR-139"><a href="#cite_ref-corruptR_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAixhu2009" class="citation news cs1">Aixhu, Chen (15 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/business/energy/corrupt-ex-sinopec-boss-gets-suspended-death-sentence-idUSPEK334068/">"Corrupt ex-Sinopec boss gets suspended death sentence"</a>. Reuters. Retrieved 4 March 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Corrupt+ex-Sinopec+boss+gets+suspended+death+sentence&rft.date=2009-07-15&rft.aulast=Aixhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fcorrupt-ex-sinopec-boss-gets-suspended-death-sentence-idUSPEK334068%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/en/doc/2004-02/04/content_302948.htm">"Sinopec, Total Gabon sign deal"</a>. cei.gov.cn. 4 February 2004. Retrieved 5 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sinopec%2C+Total+Gabon+sign+deal&rft.date=2004-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fen%2Fdoc%2F2004-02%2F04%2Fcontent_302948.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BA-141">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BA_141-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BA_141-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BA_141-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlfoy2006" class="citation news cs1">Alfoy, Philippe (29 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinafrica.net/news/west_africa/789099.htm">"China's Sinopec 'illegally' destroying Gabon"</a>. Business in Africa online. Retrieved 5 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+%27illegally%27+destroying+Gabon&rft.date=2006-09-29&rft.aulast=Alfoy&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinafrica.net%2Fnews%2Fwest_africa%2F789099.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaslam2006" class="citation news cs1">Haslam, Chris (October 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildlifeextra.com/gabon-oil.html">"Oil prospecting in Gabon"</a>. Wildlife Extra.com. Retrieved 5 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Oil+prospecting+in+Gabon&rft.date=2006-10&rft.aulast=Haslam&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildlifeextra.com%2Fgabon-oil.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaslam2009" class="citation news cs1">Haslam, Chris (October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112835/http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=22345">"Gabon/DRC: Chinese companies in the extractive Industries"</a>. AfricaFiles. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=22345">the original</a> on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gabon%2FDRC%3A+Chinese+companies+in+the+extractive+Industries&rft.date=2009-10&rft.aulast=Haslam&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.africafiles.org%2Farticle.asp%3FID%3D22345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005013823/http://english.gov.cn/2007-01/04/content_486582.htm">"Official: 3rd attempt to cap SW China gas leak succeeds"</a>. Chinese Government's Official Web Portal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.gov.cn/2007-01/04/content_486582.htm">the original</a> on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official%3A+3rd+attempt+to+cap+SW+China+gas+leak+succeeds&rft.pub=Chinese+Government%27s+Official+Web+Portal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.gov.cn%2F2007-01%2F04%2Fcontent_486582.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081109102110/http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKHKG702120070704">"Sinopec punished for water pollution"</a>. Reuters. 4 July 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKHKG702120070704">the original</a> on 9 November 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+punished+for+water+pollution&rft.date=2007-07-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FoilRpt%2FidUKHKG702120070704&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080607021032/http://www.chinacsr.com/2008/02/05/2086-sinopec-guangzhou-receives-warning-for-pollution/">"Sinopec Guangzhou Receives Warning For Pollution"</a>. chinacsr.com. 5 February 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacsr.com/2008/02/05/2086-sinopec-guangzhou-receives-warning-for-pollution/">the original</a> on 7 June 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chinacsr.com&rft.atitle=Sinopec+Guangzhou+Receives+Warning+For+Pollution&rft.date=2008-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinacsr.com%2F2008%2F02%2F05%2F2086-sinopec-guangzhou-receives-warning-for-pollution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-147"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters_147-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/sinopecs-greenhouse-emissions-rise-second-year-2021-2022-04-01/">"Sinopec's greenhouse emissions rise for second year in 2021"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec%27s+greenhouse+emissions+rise+for+second+year+in+2021&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenvironment%2Fsinopecs-greenhouse-emissions-rise-second-year-2021-2022-04-01%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-statista-148"><a href="#cite_ref-statista_148-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTiseo2024" class="citation web cs1">Tiseo, Ian (2 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1267242/greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-select-oil-companies/">"GHG emissions of largest global oil companies 2023"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Statista" title="Statista">Statista</a>. Retrieved 3 March 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=GHG+emissions+of+largest+global+oil+companies+2023&rft.date=2024-10-02&rft.aulast=Tiseo&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F1267242%2Fgreenhouse-gas-emissions-of-select-oil-companies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-greenma-149">^ <a href="#cite_ref-greenma_149-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greenma_149-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYihe2021" class="citation web cs1">Yihe, Xu (2 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upstreamonline.com/people/ma-has-plans-for-greener-growth-at-sinopec/2-1-1054889">"Ma has plans for greener growth at Sinopec"</a>. upstreamonline.com. Retrieved 12 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=upstreamonline.com&rft.atitle=Ma+has+plans+for+greener+growth+at+Sinopec&rft.date=2021-09-02&rft.aulast=Yihe&rft.aufirst=Xu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upstreamonline.com%2Fpeople%2Fma-has-plans-for-greener-growth-at-sinopec%2F2-1-1054889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopecgroup.com/group/en/Sinopecnews/20220130/news_20220130_467995626111.shtml#:~:text=BEIJING,%20CHINA,%20January%2029,,carbon%20emission%20by%201%20million">"Sinopec Completes China's First Megaton Scale Carbon Capture Project"</a>. www.sinopecgroup.com. Retrieved 5 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sinopecgroup.com&rft.atitle=Sinopec+Completes+China%27s+First+Megaton+Scale+Carbon+Capture+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinopecgroup.com%2Fgroup%2Fen%2FSinopecnews%2F20220130%2Fnews_20220130_467995626111.shtml%23%3A~%3Atext%3DBEIJING%2C%2520CHINA%2C%2520January%252029%2C%2Ccarbon%2520emission%2520by%25201%2520million&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShrestha2022" class="citation web cs1">Shrestha, Priyanka (2 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energylivenews.com/2022/02/02/chinas-first-megaton-scale-ccus-project-completed/">"China's first megaton-scale CCUS project completed"</a>. Energy Live News. Retrieved 5 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Energy+Live+News&rft.atitle=China%27s+first+megaton-scale+CCUS+project+completed&rft.date=2022-02-02&rft.aulast=Shrestha&rft.aufirst=Priyanka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energylivenews.com%2F2022%2F02%2F02%2Fchinas-first-megaton-scale-ccus-project-completed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalconstructionreview.com/sinopec-plans-million-tonne-carbon-capture-project/">"Sinopec plans million-tonne carbon capture project to meet China's 2030 target"</a>. Global Construction Review. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Construction+Review&rft.atitle=Sinopec+plans+million-tonne+carbon+capture+project+to+meet+China%27s+2030+target&rft.date=2021-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalconstructionreview.com%2Fsinopec-plans-million-tonne-carbon-capture-project%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/sustainable-finance-reporting/baosteel-inks-ccus-research-agreement-with-sinopec-shell-basf-2023-08-08/">"Baosteel inks CCUS research agreement with Sinopec, Shell and BASF"</a>. Reuters. 8 August 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Baosteel+inks+CCUS+research+agreement+with+Sinopec%2C+Shell+and+BASF&rft.date=2023-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fsustainability%2Fsustainable-finance-reporting%2Fbaosteel-inks-ccus-research-agreement-with-sinopec-shell-basf-2023-08-08%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBattersby2022" class="citation web cs1">Battersby, Amanda (4 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upstreamonline.com/energy-transition/shell-sinopec-to-explore-ccus-project-in-china/2-1-1346485">"Shell, Sinopec to explore CCUS project in China"</a>. Upstream Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Upstream+Online&rft.atitle=Shell%2C+Sinopec+to+explore+CCUS+project+in+China&rft.date=2022-11-04&rft.aulast=Battersby&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upstreamonline.com%2Fenergy-transition%2Fshell-sinopec-to-explore-ccus-project-in-china%2F2-1-1346485&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sinopecs-first-green-hydrogen-plant-xinjiang-starts-production-xinhua-2023-06-30/">"Sinopec's first green hydrogen plant starts production in Xinjiang"</a>. Reuters. 30 June 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec%27s+first+green+hydrogen+plant+starts+production+in+Xinjiang&rft.date=2023-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fsinopecs-first-green-hydrogen-plant-xinjiang-starts-production-xinhua-2023-06-30%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/business/article/3247148/chinas-sinopec-says-world-leading-green-hydrogen-project-will-take-longer-expected-ramp">"China's Sinopec says world-leading green hydrogen project will take longer than expected to ramp up"</a>. South China Morning Post. 3 January 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240103092809/https://www.scmp.com/business/article/3247148/chinas-sinopec-says-world-leading-green-hydrogen-project-will-take-longer-expected-ramp">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=China%27s+Sinopec+says+world-leading+green+hydrogen+project+will+take+longer+than+expected+to+ramp+up&rft.date=2024-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fbusiness%2Farticle%2F3247148%2Fchinas-sinopec-says-world-leading-green-hydrogen-project-will-take-longer-expected-ramp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYihe2021" class="citation web cs1">Yihe, Xu (30 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upstreamonline.com/energy-transition/sinopecs-green-hydrogen-ambitions-five-year-growth-plan-crucial-to-refiners-transition/2-1-1017317">"Sinopec's green hydrogen ambitions: Five-year growth plan crucial to refiner's transition"</a>. Upstream Online. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Upstream+Online&rft.atitle=Sinopec%27s+green+hydrogen+ambitions%3A+Five-year+growth+plan+crucial+to+refiner%27s+transition&rft.date=2021-05-30&rft.aulast=Yihe&rft.aufirst=Xu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upstreamonline.com%2Fenergy-transition%2Fsinopecs-green-hydrogen-ambitions-five-year-growth-plan-crucial-to-refiners-transition%2F2-1-1017317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/sinopec-starts-construction-green-hydrogen-plant-xinjiang-xinhua-2021-11-30/">"Sinopec starts construction of green hydrogen plant in Xinjiang - Xinhua"</a>. Reuters. 30 November 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sinopec+starts+construction+of+green+hydrogen+plant+in+Xinjiang+-+Xinhua&rft.date=2021-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fchina%2Fsinopec-starts-construction-green-hydrogen-plant-xinjiang-xinhua-2021-11-30%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-westeastpost-159">^ <a href="#cite_ref-westeastpost_159-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-westeastpost_159-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNg2023" class="citation news cs1">Ng, Eric (10 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410152130/https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3216580/climate-change-sinopecs-parent-build-chinas-first-long-distance-hydrogen-pipeline-boost-green-fuel">"Sinopec's parent to build China's first long-distance hydrogen pipeline"</a>. South China Morning Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/business/china-business/article/3216580/climate-change-sinopecs-parent-build-chinas-first-long-distance-hydrogen-pipeline-boost-green-fuel">the original</a> on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Sinopec%27s+parent+to+build+China%27s+first+long-distance+hydrogen+pipeline&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft.aulast=Ng&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fbusiness%2Fchina-business%2Farticle%2F3216580%2Fclimate-change-sinopecs-parent-build-chinas-first-long-distance-hydrogen-pipeline-boost-green-fuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energyintel.com/00000185-5c92-d599-a1ef-5dfadd690000">"Sinopec Bags New Hydrogen Projects"</a>. Energy Intelligence. 29 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Energy+Intelligence&rft.atitle=Sinopec+Bags+New+Hydrogen+Projects&rft.date=2022-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energyintel.com%2F00000185-5c92-d599-a1ef-5dfadd690000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ripp.sinopec.com/ripp/en/">"中国石化石油化工科学研究院"</a>. ripp.sinopec.com. Retrieved 16 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ripp.sinopec.com&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%B3%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fripp.sinopec.com%2Fripp%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASinopec" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Business data for Sinopec: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/HKG:+0386">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/0386.HK">Reuters</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/0386.HK">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:China_Petroleum_and_Chemical_Corporation,_Sinopec" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Sinopec">China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Sinopec</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinopecgroup.com">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831445#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a> (in English)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Oil_and_gas_in_China486" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oil_and_gas_companies_of_China" title="Template:Oil and gas companies of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oil_and_gas_companies_of_China" title="Template talk:Oil and gas companies of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oil_and_gas_companies_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oil and gas companies of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Oil_and_gas_in_China486" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_China" title="Petroleum industry in China">Oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_in_China" title="Natural gas in China">gas</a> in China</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_China" title="Energy policy of China">Energy in China</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oil and gas majors (<a href="/wiki/Upstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Upstream (petroleum industry)">Upstream</a>/<a href="/wiki/Downstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Downstream (petroleum industry)">Downstream</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Big 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="China National Petroleum Corporation">CNPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Petrochemical_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="China Petrochemical Corporation">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Offshore_Oil_Corporation" title="China National Offshore Oil Corporation">CNOOC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major listed arms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunlun_Energy" title="Kunlun Energy">Kunlun Energy</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation</a> (Sinopec)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNOOC_Limited" title="CNOOC Limited">CNOOC Limited</a> (CNOOC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oil (Upstream)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Resources" title="CITIC Resources">CITIC Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo-Jade_Petroleum" title="Geo-Jade Petroleum">Geo-Jade Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Yanchang_Petroleum" title="Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum">Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_Energy" title="Shandong Energy">Shandong Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Energy" title="Emerald Energy">Emerald Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinochem_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinochem Group">Sinochem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Energy_Group" title="United Energy Group">United Energy Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenhua_Oil" title="Zhenhua Oil">Zhenhua Oil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural gas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Upstream</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GCL-Poly" title="GCL-Poly">GCL-Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc#China" title="Shell plc">Shell China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coalbed_methane" title="Coalbed methane">Coalbed methane</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_United_Coalbed_Methane" title="China United Coalbed Methane">China United Coalbed Methane</a> (CNOOC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina_Coalbed_Methane" class="mw-redirect" title="PetroChina Coalbed Methane">PetroChina Coalbed Methane</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi_Blue_Flame_Coalbed_Methane_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanxi Blue Flame Coalbed Methane Group">Shanxi Blue Flame Coalbed Methane Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Downstream</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Natural_Gas" title="China Natural Gas">China Natural Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENN_Group" title="ENN Group">ENN Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenergy_Group" title="Shenergy Group">Shenergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Towngas_China" title="Towngas China">Towngas China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drilling services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rig operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Oilfield_Services" title="China Oilfield Services">China Oilfield Services</a> (CNOOC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_Drilling_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Wall Drilling Company">Great Wall Drilling Company</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZPEB" title="ZPEB">ZPEB</a> (Sinopec)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="ZPEC">ZPEC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drilling equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jereh_Group" title="Jereh Group">Jereh Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerui_Petroleum" title="Kerui Petroleum">Kerui Petroleum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">EPC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Petroleum_Pipeline_Engineering" title="China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering">China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Huanqiu_Contracting_%26_Engineering_Corporation" title="China Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Corporation">China Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Corporation</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Petroleum_Engineering_and_Construction_Corporation" title="China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corporation">China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corporation</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerui_Petroleum" title="Kerui Petroleum">Kerui Petroleum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Refineries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChemChina" title="ChemChina">ChemChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fushun_Petrochemical_Company" title="Fushun Petrochemical Company">Fushun Petrochemical Company</a> (CNPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Petrochemical" title="Shanghai Petrochemical">Shanghai Petrochemical</a> (Sinopec)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinochem" title="Sinochem">Sinochem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">Economy of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_China" title="Category:Companies of China">Companies of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Petroleum_industry431" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Petroleum_industry" title="Template:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Petroleum_industry" title="Template talk:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Petroleum_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Petroleum_industry431" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry" title="Petroleum industry">Petroleum industry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_energy" title="Primary energy">Primary energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benchmark_(crude_oil)" title="Benchmark (crude oil)">Benchmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argus_Sour_Crude_Index" title="Argus Sour Crude Index">Argus Sour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny_Light_oil" title="Bonny Light oil">Bonny Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Crude" title="Brent Crude">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Crude" title="Dubai Crude">Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Basket" title="Indian Basket">Indian Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Crude_Price" title="Indonesian Crude Price">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmus-34_Light" title="Isthmus-34 Light">Isthmus-34 Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Crude_Cocktail" title="Japan Crude Cocktail">Japan Cocktail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC_Reference_Basket" title="OPEC Reference Basket">OPEC Reference Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapis_crude" title="Tapis crude">Tapis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urals_oil" title="Urals oil">Urals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas_Intermediate" title="West Texas Intermediate">West Texas Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Select" title="Western Canadian Select">Western Canadian Select</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Data</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Natural gas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_consumption" title="List of countries by natural gas consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_production" title="List of countries by natural gas production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_proven_reserves" title="List of countries by natural gas proven reserves">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_imports" title="List of countries by natural gas imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_exports" title="List of countries by natural gas exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_prices" title="Natural gas prices">Price</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Petroleum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_consumption" title="List of countries by oil consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_production" title="List of countries by oil production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_proven_oil_reserves" title="List of countries by proven oil reserves">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_imports" title="List of countries by oil imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_exports" title="List of countries by oil exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posted_oil_price" title="Posted oil price">Posted oil price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_of_oil" title="Price of oil">Price</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gasoline_and_diesel_usage_and_pricing" title="Gasoline and diesel usage and pricing">of gasoline and diesel</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">Exploration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Core_sample" title="Core sample">Core sampling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_geophysics" title="Exploration geophysics">Geophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_asset_modelling" title="Integrated asset modelling">Integrated asset modelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_engineering" title="Petroleum engineering">Petroleum engineering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir_simulation" title="Reservoir simulation">Reservoir simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir_modeling" title="Reservoir modeling">Reservoir modeling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_geology" title="Petroleum geology">Petroleum geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrophysics" title="Petrophysics">Petrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflection_seismology" title="Reflection seismology">Reflection seismology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_inversion" title="Seismic inversion">Seismic inversion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_source" title="Seismic source">Seismic source</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oil_well" title="Oil well">Drilling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(well_drilling)" title="Blowout (well drilling)">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Completion_(oil_and_gas_wells)" title="Completion (oil and gas wells)">Completion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_job" title="Squeeze job">Squeeze job</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_sticking" title="Differential sticking">Differential sticking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directional_drilling" title="Directional drilling">Directional drilling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geosteering" title="Geosteering">Geosteering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_stem_test" title="Drill stem test">Drill stem test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_engineering" title="Drilling engineering">Drilling engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_fluid" title="Drilling fluid">Drilling fluid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_fluid_invasion" title="Drilling fluid invasion">invasion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_circulation" title="Lost circulation">Lost circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measurement_while_drilling" title="Measurement while drilling">Measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_oil_extraction" title="Shale oil extraction">Shale oil extraction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Ljungstr%C3%B6m#Shale_oil_extraction" title="Fredrik Ljungström">Ljungström method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracer_use_in_the_oil_industry" title="Tracer use in the oil industry">Tracers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underbalanced_drilling" title="Underbalanced drilling">Underbalanced drilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_logging" title="Well logging">Well logging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Extraction_of_petroleum" title="Extraction of petroleum">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_fiscal_regime" title="Petroleum fiscal regime">Petroleum fiscal regime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_licensing" title="Petroleum licensing">Concessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_sharing_agreement" title="Production sharing agreement">Production sharing agreements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_lift" title="Artificial lift">Artificial lift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_lift" title="Gas lift">Gas lift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpjack" title="Pumpjack">Pumpjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submersible_pump" title="Submersible pump">Submersible pump (ESP)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Downstream (petroleum industry)">Downstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_oil_recovery" title="Enhanced oil recovery">Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_reinjection" title="Gas reinjection">Gas reinjection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_injection_(oil_industry)" title="Steam injection (oil industry)">Steam injection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midstream" title="Midstream">Midstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_product" title="Petroleum product">Petroleum product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline" title="Pipeline">Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_refinery" title="Oil refinery">Refining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Upstream (petroleum industry)">Upstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_injection_(oil_production)" title="Water injection (oil production)">Water injection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_intervention" title="Well intervention">Well intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree_(oil_well)" title="Christmas tree (oil well)">XT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry" title="History of the petroleum industry">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1967_Oil_Embargo" title="1967 Oil Embargo">1967 Oil Embargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_oil_crisis" title="1979 oil crisis">1979 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980s_oil_glut" title="1980s oil glut">1980s oil glut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_oil_price_shock" title="1990 oil price shock">1990 oil price shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000s_energy_crisis" title="2000s energy crisis">2000s energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_oil_glut" title="2010s oil glut">2010s oil glut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war" title="2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war">2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization_of_oil_supplies" title="Nationalization of oil supplies">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_Exporting_Countries_Forum" title="Gas Exporting Countries Forum">GECF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sisters_(oil_companies)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Sisters (oil companies)">Seven Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Oil" title="Standard Oil">Standard Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_France" title="History of the petroleum industry in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_India" title="History of the oil industry in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Iraq" title="Petroleum industry in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Norway" title="History of the petroleum industry in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_the_United_States" title="History of the petroleum industry in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Venezuelan_oil_industry" title="History of the Venezuelan oil industry">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Provinces and fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_gas_fields" title="List of natural gas fields">List of natural gas fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_fields" title="List of oil fields">List of oil fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Midlands_Oil_Province" title="East Midlands Oil Province">East Midlands Oil Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas_Oil_Field" title="East Texas Oil Field">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta#Nigerian_oil" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudhoe_Bay_Oil_Field" title="Prudhoe Bay Oil Field">Prudhoe Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Russia" title="Oil reserves in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Venezuela" title="Oil reserves in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Sedimentary_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin">Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abbreviations_in_oil_and_gas_exploration_and_production" title="List of abbreviations in oil and gas exploration and production">Abbreviations</a></li> <li>Classification <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_crude_oil" title="Sweet crude oil">sweet oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_crude_oil" title="Sour crude oil">sour oil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale_gas" title="Oil shale gas">Oil shale gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphan_wells" title="Orphan wells">Orphan wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_oil" title="Peak oil">Peak oil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out" title="Fossil fuel phase-out">fossil fuel phase-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predicting_the_timing_of_peak_oil" title="Predicting the timing of peak oil">timing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocurrency" title="Petrocurrency">Petrocurrency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrodollar_recycling" title="Petrodollar recycling">Petrodollar recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrofiction" title="Petrofiction">Petrofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_band" title="Shale band">Shale band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_gas" title="Shale gas">Shale gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_producer" title="Swing producer">Swing producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconventional_(oil_and_gas)_reservoir" title="Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir">Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_crude_oil" title="Heavy crude oil">heavy crude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_sands" title="Oil sands">oil sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale" title="Oil shale">oil shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tight_oil" title="Tight oil">tight oil</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Companies and organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Major <a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_exploration_and_production_companies" title="List of oil exploration and production companies">petroleum companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Oil" title="Big Oil">Supermajors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eni" title="Eni">Eni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/National_oil_company" title="National oil company">National oil companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_National_Oil_Company" title="Abu Dhabi National Oil Company">Abu Dhabi National Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANCAP_(Uruguay)" title="ANCAP (Uruguay)">ANCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Petroleum" title="Bharat Petroleum">Bharat Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Offshore_Oil_Corporation" title="China National Offshore Oil Corporation">China National Offshore Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="China National Petroleum Corporation">China National Petroleum Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecopetrol" title="Ecopetrol">Ecopetrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equinor" title="Equinor">Equinor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Petroleum" title="Hindustan Petroleum">Hindustan Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil_Corporation" title="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_National_Oil_Company" title="Iraq National Oil Company">Iraq National Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KazMunayGas" title="KazMunayGas">KazMunayGas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Petroleum_Corporation" title="Kuwait Petroleum Corporation">Kuwait Petroleum Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupa_Lotos" title="Grupa Lotos">Lotos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian Oil Company">National Iranian Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_South_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian South Oil Company">National Iranian South Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNPC_Limited" title="NNPC Limited">NNPC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_%26_Gas_Development_Company" title="Oil & Gas Development Company">Oil & Gas Development Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_and_Natural_Gas_Corporation" title="Oil and Natural Gas Corporation">Oil and Natural Gas Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlen" title="Orlen">Orlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDVSA" title="PDVSA">PDVSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemex" title="Pemex">Pemex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertamina" title="Pertamina">Pertamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobangla" title="Petrobangla">Petrobangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobras" title="Petrobras">Petrobras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas">Petronas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovietnam" title="Petrovietnam">Petrovietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTT_Public_Company_Limited" title="PTT Public Company Limited">PTT Public Company Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QatarEnergy" title="QatarEnergy">QatarEnergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Saudi Aramco</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR">SOCAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonangol_Group" title="Sonangol Group">Sonangol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonatrach" title="Sonatrach">Sonatrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPAO" title="TPAO">TPAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YPF" title="YPF">YPF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Energy_trading" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy trading">Energy trading</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enron" title="Enron">Enron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencore" title="Glencore">Glencore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunvor" title="Gunvor">Gunvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercuria" title="Mercuria">Mercuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftiran_Intertrade" title="Naftiran Intertrade">Naftiran Intertrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafigura" title="Trafigura">Trafigura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitol" title="Vitol">Vitol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APA_Corporation" title="APA Corporation">APA Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenovus_Energy" title="Cenovus Energy">Cenovus Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cepsa" title="Cepsa">Cepsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConocoPhillips" title="ConocoPhillips">ConocoPhillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon_Energy" title="Devon Energy">Devon Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eneos_Holdings" title="Eneos Holdings">Eneos Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galp_Energia" title="Galp Energia">Galp Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hess_Corporation" title="Hess Corporation">Hess Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husky_Energy" title="Husky Energy">Husky Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Oil" title="Imperial Oil">Imperial Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil" title="Lukoil">Lukoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Oil" title="Marathon Oil">Marathon Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Petroleum" title="Marathon Petroleum">Marathon Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Petroleum" title="Occidental Petroleum">Occidental Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMV" title="OMV">OMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_66" title="Phillips 66">Phillips 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_Refining_Company" title="Port Harcourt Refining Company">Port Harcourt Refining Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliance_Industries" title="Reliance Industries">Reliance Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncor_Energy" title="Suncor Energy">Suncor Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunoco" title="Sunoco">Sunoco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgutneftegas" title="Surgutneftegas">Surgutneftegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TechnipFMC" title="TechnipFMC">TechnipFMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNK-BP" title="TNK-BP">TNK-BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullow_Oil" title="Tullow Oil">Tullow Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCpra%C5%9F" title="Tüpraş">Tüpraş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valero_Energy" title="Valero Energy">Valero Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Major <a href="/wiki/List_of_oilfield_service_companies" title="List of oilfield service companies">services companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amec_Foster_Wheeler" title="Amec Foster Wheeler">Amec Foster Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Hughes" title="Baker Hughes">Baker Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_International" title="Cameron International">Cameron International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGG_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="CGG (company)">CGG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CH2M" title="CH2M">CH2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bridge_%26_Iron_Company" title="Chicago Bridge & Iron Company">Chicago Bridge & Iron Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Oilfield_Services" title="China Oilfield Services">China Oilfield Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enbridge" title="Enbridge">Enbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_Power" title="GE Power">GE Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halliburton" title="Halliburton">Halliburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabors_Industries" title="Nabors Industries">Nabors Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftiran_Intertrade" title="Naftiran Intertrade">Naftiran Intertrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOV_Inc." title="NOV Inc.">NOV Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrofac" title="Petrofac">Petrofac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipem" title="Saipem">Saipem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlumberger" title="Schlumberger">Schlumberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snam" title="Snam">Snam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsea_7" title="Subsea 7">Subsea 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC_Energy" title="TC Energy">TC Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transocean" title="Transocean">Transocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaris_Limited" title="Valaris Limited">Valaris Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford_International" title="Weatherford International">Weatherford International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wood_Group" title="John Wood Group">John Wood Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Petroleum_Institute" title="American Petroleum Institute">American Petroleum Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_petroleum_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian petroleum companies">Canadian petroleum companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Exchange_Futures" title="Intercontinental Exchange Futures">Intercontinental Exchange Futures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Oil_%26_Gas_Producers" title="International Association of Oil & Gas Producers">International Association of Oil & Gas Producers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Petroleum_Engineers" title="Society of Petroleum Engineers">Society of Petroleum Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Petroleum_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="World Petroleum Council">World Petroleum Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_industry" title="Category:Petroleum industry">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Constituents_of_the_SSE_50_Index_(as_of_23_February_2024)180" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SSE_50_companies" title="Template:SSE 50 companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SSE_50_companies" title="Template talk:SSE 50 companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SSE_50_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SSE 50 companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Constituents_of_the_SSE_50_Index_(as_of_23_February_2024)180" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> Constituents of the <a href="/wiki/SSE_50_Index" title="SSE 50 Index">SSE 50 Index</a> (as of 23 February 2024)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Petroleum_%26_Chemical_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation">China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Securities" title="CITIC Securities">CITIC Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sany_Heavy_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sany Heavy Industries">Sany Heavy Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Merchants_Bank" title="China Merchants Bank">China Merchants Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poly_Real_Estate" title="Poly Real Estate">Poly Real Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_United_Network_Communications_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="China United Network Communications Limited">China United Network Communications Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBEA_Co.,_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="TBEA Co., Ltd.">TBEA Co., Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAIC_Motor" title="SAIC Motor">SAIC Motor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Northern_Rare_Earth" title="China Northern Rare Earth">China Northern Rare Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_CSSC_Holdings_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="China CSSC Holdings Limited">China CSSC Holdings Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu_Hengrui_Pharmaceuticals" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals">Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanhua_Chemical_Group" title="Wanhua Chemical Group">Wanhua Chemical Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nari_Technology" title="Nari Technology">Nari Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangzhou_Pientzehuang_Pharmaceutical" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhangzhou Pientzehuang Pharmaceutical">Zhangzhou Pientzehuang Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongwei_Company" title="Tongwei Company">Tongwei Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kweichow_Moutai" title="Kweichow Moutai">Kweichow Moutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haier_Smart_Home" class="mw-redirect" title="Haier Smart Home">Haier Smart Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi_Xinghuacun_Fen_Wine_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory">Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yili_Group" title="Yili Group">Yili Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AECC_Aviation_Power&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AECC Aviation Power (page does not exist)">AECC Aviation Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Yangtze_Power" title="China Yangtze Power">China Yangtze Power</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=China_Three_Gorges_Renewables&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China Three Gorges Renewables (page does not exist)">China Three Gorges Renewables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LONGi_Green_Energy_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="LONGi Green Energy Technology">LONGi Green Energy Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Shenhua_Energy" title="China Shenhua Energy">China Shenhua Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Bank_(China)" title="Industrial Bank (China)">Industrial Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Coal_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaanxi Coal Industry">Shaanxi Coal Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Bank_of_China" title="Agricultural Bank of China">Agricultural Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Railway_Group_Limited" title="China Railway Group Limited">China Railway Group Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_and_Commercial_Bank_of_China" title="Industrial and Commercial Bank of China">Industrial and Commercial Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Pacific_Insurance_Company" title="China Pacific Insurance Company">China Pacific Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_Motor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Wall Motor Company">Great Wall Motor Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_State_Construction_Engineering" title="China State Construction Engineering">China State Construction Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_Construction_Corporation_of_China" title="Power Construction Corporation of China">Power Construction Corporation of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Telecom" title="China Telecom">China Telecom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Tourism_Group_Duty_Free_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="China Tourism Group Duty Free Corporation">China Tourism Group Duty Free Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zijin_Mining_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Zijin Mining Group">Zijin Mining Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosco_Shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosco Shipping">Cosco Shipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WuXi_AppTec" title="WuXi AppTec">WuXi AppTec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan_Haitian_Flavouring_%26_Food_Co" title="Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co">Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Semiconductor" title="Will Semiconductor">Will Semiconductor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_Huayou_Cobalt" title="Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt">Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GigaDevice" title="GigaDevice">GigaDevice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsoft_Office_Software" title="Kingsoft Office Software">Beijing Kingsoft Office Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trina_Solar" title="Trina Solar">Trina Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygon_Information_Technology" title="Hygon Information Technology">Hygon Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_Manufacturing_International_Corporation" title="Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation">Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Constituents_of_the_FTSE_China_A50_Index163" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FTSE_China_A50_Index" title="Template:FTSE China A50 Index"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FTSE_China_A50_Index" title="Template talk:FTSE China A50 Index"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FTSE_China_A50_Index" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FTSE China A50 Index"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Constituents_of_the_FTSE_China_A50_Index163" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> Constituents of the <a href="/wiki/FTSE_China_A50_Index" title="FTSE China A50 Index">FTSE China A50 Index</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Bank_of_China" title="Agricultural Bank of China">Agricultural Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China" title="Bank of China">Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Communications" title="Bank of Communications">Bank of Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing%E2%80%93Shanghai_High-Speed_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway">Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYD_Company" title="BYD Company">BYD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_General_Nuclear_Power_Group" title="China General Nuclear Power Group">CGN Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_CITIC_Bank" title="China CITIC Bank">China CITIC Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Construction_Bank" title="China Construction Bank">China Construction Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Everbright_Bank" title="China Everbright Bank">China Everbright Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Merchants_Bank" title="China Merchants Bank">China Merchants Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Pacific_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="China Pacific Insurance">China Pacific Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Petroleum_%26_Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="China Petroleum & Chemical">China Petroleum & Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSC_Financial" title="CSC Financial">China Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Shenhua_Energy" title="China Shenhua Energy">China Shenhua Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_State_Construction_Engineering" title="China State Construction Engineering">China State Construction Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Tourism_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="China Tourism Group">China Tourism Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Yangtze_Power" title="China Yangtze Power">China Yangtze Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Securities" title="CITIC Securities">CITIC Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CATL" title="CATL">Contemporary Amperex Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Money_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="East Money Information">East Money Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan_Haitian_Flavouring_and_Food" class="mw-redirect" title="Foshan Haitian Flavouring and Food">Foshan Haitian Flavouring and Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxconn_Industrial_Internet" title="Foxconn Industrial Internet">Foxconn Industrial Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_Motor" title="Great Wall Motor">Great Wall Motor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gree_Electric_Appliances_Inc_of_Zhuhai" class="mw-redirect" title="Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai">Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haier" title="Haier">Haier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygon_Information_Technology" title="Hygon Information Technology">Hygon Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_and_Commercial_Bank_of_China" title="Industrial and Commercial Bank of China">Industrial and Commercial Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Bank_(China)" title="Industrial Bank (China)">Industrial Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia_Yili_Industrial" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial">Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu_Hengrui_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine">Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kweichow_Moutai" title="Kweichow Moutai">Kweichow Moutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LONGi_Green_Energy_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="LONGi Green Energy Technology">LONGi Green Energy Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxshare" title="Luxshare">Luxshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzhou_Laojiao" title="Luzhou Laojiao">Luzhou Laojiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midea_Group" title="Midea Group">Midea Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindray" title="Mindray">Mindray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muyuan_Foodstuff" title="Muyuan Foodstuff">Muyuan Foodstuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nari_Technology" title="Nari Technology">Nari Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Insurance_Company_of_China" title="People's Insurance Company of China">People's Insurance Company of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Bank" title="Ping An Bank">Ping An Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_Savings_Bank_of_China" title="Postal Savings Bank of China">Postal Savings Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SF_Express" title="SF Express">S.F. Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Coal_and_Chemical_Industry" title="Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry">Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Pudong_Development_Bank" title="Shanghai Pudong Development Bank">Shanghai Pudong Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi_Xinghuacun_Fen_Wine_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory">Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanhua_Chemical_Group" title="Wanhua Chemical Group">Wanhua Chemical Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuliangye_Yibin" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuliangye Yibin">Wuliangye Yibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yihai_Kerry" title="Yihai Kerry">Yihai Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zijin_Mining" title="Zijin Mining">Zijin Mining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index_companies_of_Hong_Kong89" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index" title="Template:Hang Seng China Enterprises Index"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index" title="Template talk:Hang Seng China Enterprises Index"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hang Seng China Enterprises Index"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index_companies_of_Hong_Kong89" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index" title="Hang Seng China Enterprises Index">Hang Seng China Enterprises Index</a> companies of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_stock_exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong stock exchange">Hong Kong</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Bank_of_China" title="Agricultural Bank of China">Agricultural Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Health" title="Alibaba Health">Alibaba Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anta_Sports" title="Anta Sports">Anta Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China" title="Bank of China">Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Communications" title="Bank of Communications">Bank of Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilibili" title="Bilibili">Bilibili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYD_Company" title="BYD Company">BYD Company</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CG_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CG Services (page does not exist)">CG Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Construction_Bank" title="China Construction Bank">China Construction Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=China_Feihe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China Feihe (page does not exist)">China Feihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Gas" title="China Gas">China Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Merchants_Bank" title="China Merchants Bank">China Merchants Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Mobile" title="China Mobile">China Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Overseas_Land_and_Investment" title="China Overseas Land and Investment">China Overseas Land and Investment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Pacific_Insurance_Company" title="China Pacific Insurance Company">China Pacific Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Beer" title="China Resources Beer">China Resources Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Land" title="China Resources Land">China Resources Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Limited" title="CITIC Limited">CITIC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNOOC_Limited" title="CNOOC Limited">CNOOC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_Garden" title="Country Garden">Country Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENN_Energy" title="ENN Energy">ENN Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geely_Auto" title="Geely Auto">Geely Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidilao" title="Haidilao">Haidilao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICBC" class="mw-redirect" title="ICBC">ICBC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Innovent_Bio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Innovent Bio (page does not exist)">Innovent Bio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Health" title="JD Health">JD Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Logistics" title="JD Logistics">JD Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD.com" title="JD.com">JD.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaishou" title="Kuaishou">Kuaishou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenovo" title="Lenovo">Lenovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li-Ning" title="Li-Ning">Li-Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longfor_Properties" title="Longfor Properties">Longfor Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meituan" title="Meituan">Meituan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengniu_Dairy" title="Mengniu Dairy">Mengniu Dairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetEase" title="NetEase">NetEase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nongfu_Spring" title="Nongfu Spring">Nongfu Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_Savings_Bank_of_China" title="Postal Savings Bank of China">Postal Savings Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhou_International" title="Shenzhou International">Shenzhou International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shijiazhuang_Pharma_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Shijiazhuang Pharma Group">Shijiazhuang Pharma Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino_Biopharmaceutical_Limited" title="Sino Biopharmaceutical Limited">Sino Biopharmaceutical Limited</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_Manufacturing_International_Corporation" title="Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation">SMIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunny_Optical" title="Sunny Optical">Sunny Optical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi" title="Xiaomi">Xiaomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyi_Solar" title="Xinyi Solar">Xinyi Solar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Hong_Kong&#124;link=Hong_Kong_Constituents_of_Hang_Seng_Index252" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hang_Seng_Index" title="Template:Hang Seng Index"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hang_Seng_Index" title="Template talk:Hang Seng Index"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hang_Seng_Index" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hang Seng Index"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Hong_Kong&#124;link=Hong_Kong_Constituents_of_Hang_Seng_Index252" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong"><img alt="Hong Kong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> Constituents of <a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_Index" title="Hang Seng Index">Hang Seng Index</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Finance" title="Finance">Finance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_Bank" title="Hang Seng Bank">Hang Seng Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Exchanges_and_Clearing" title="Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing">Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Construction_Bank" title="China Construction Bank">China Construction Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIA_Group" title="AIA Group">AIA Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_and_Commercial_Bank_of_China" title="Industrial and Commercial Bank of China">Industrial and Commercial Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China_(Hong_Kong)" title="Bank of China (Hong Kong)">Bank of China (Hong Kong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Merchants_Bank" title="China Merchants Bank">China Merchants Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China" title="Bank of China">Bank of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Utilities">Utilities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CLP_Group" title="CLP Group">CLP Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hong_Kong_and_China_Gas_Company" title="The Hong Kong and China Gas Company">The Hong Kong and China Gas Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_Assets_Holdings" title="Power Assets Holdings">Power Assets Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Power" title="China Resources Power">China Resources Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CK_Infrastructure_Holdings" title="CK Infrastructure Holdings">CK Infrastructure Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENN_Energy" title="ENN Energy">ENN Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Property" title="Property">Properties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_Land_Development" title="Henderson Land Development">Henderson Land Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hung_Kai_Properties" title="Sun Hung Kai Properties">Sun Hung Kai Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Development" title="New World Development">New World Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Lung_Properties" title="Hang Lung Properties">Hang Lung Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Overseas_Land_and_Investment" title="China Overseas Land and Investment">China Overseas Land and Investment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_REIT" title="Link REIT">Link REIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longfor_Properties" title="Longfor Properties">Longfor Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Land" title="China Resources Land">China Resources Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CK_Asset_Holdings" title="CK Asset Holdings">CK Asset Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Mixc_Lifestyle" title="China Resources Mixc Lifestyle">China Resources Mixc Lifestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wharf_Real_Estate_Investment_Company" title="Wharf Real Estate Investment Company">Wharf Real Estate Investment Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_Garden" title="Country Garden">Country Garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">Commerce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Industry_(manufacturing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Industry (manufacturing)">Industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CK_Hutchison_Holdings" title="CK Hutchison Holdings">CK Hutchison Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Entertainment_Group" title="Galaxy Entertainment Group">Galaxy Entertainment Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTR_Corporation" title="MTR Corporation">MTR Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geely_Auto" title="Geely Auto">Geely Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Health" title="Alibaba Health">Alibaba Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Limited" title="CITIC Limited">CITIC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WH_Group" title="WH Group">WH Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Beer" title="China Resources Beer">China Resources Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orient_Overseas_(International)_Limited" title="Orient Overseas (International) Limited">Orient Overseas (International) Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tingyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tingyi">Tingyi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techtronic_Industries" title="Techtronic Industries">Techtronic Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Unicom" title="China Unicom">China Unicom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyi_Glass" title="Xinyi Glass">Xinyi Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongsheng_Group" title="Zhongsheng Group">Zhongsheng Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNOOC_Limited" title="CNOOC Limited">CNOOC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Mobile" title="China Mobile">China Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyi_Solar" title="Xinyi Solar">Xinyi Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_Manufacturing_International_Corporation" title="Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation">Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenovo" title="Lenovo">Lenovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengan_International" title="Hengan International">Hengan International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Shenhua_Energy" title="China Shenhua Energy">China Shenhua Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSPC_Pharmaceutical_Group" title="CSPC Pharmaceutical Group">CSPC Pharmaceutical Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopharm_Group" title="Sinopharm Group">Sinopharm Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino_Biopharmaceutical_Limited" title="Sino Biopharmaceutical Limited">Sino Biopharmaceutical Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYD_Company" title="BYD Company">BYD Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Hongqiao_Group" title="China Hongqiao Group">China Hongqiao Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi" title="Xiaomi">Xiaomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budweiser_Brewing_Company_APAC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budweiser Brewing Company APAC (page does not exist)">Budweiser Brewing Company APAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sands_China" title="Sands China">Sands China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chow_Tai_Fook" title="Chow Tai Fook">Chow Tai Fook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Auto" title="Li Auto">Li Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anta_Sports" title="Anta Sports">Anta Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WuXi_Biologics" title="WuXi Biologics">WuXi Biologics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhou_International" title="Shenzhou International">Shenzhou International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengniu_Dairy" title="Mengniu Dairy">Mengniu Dairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li-Ning" title="Li-Ning">Li-Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WuXi_AppTec" title="WuXi AppTec">WuXi AppTec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunny_Optical" title="Sunny Optical">Sunny Optical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zijin_Mining" title="Zijin Mining">Zijin Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meituan" title="Meituan">Meituan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansoh_Pharmaceutical" title="Hansoh Pharmaceutical">Hansoh Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Health" title="JD Health">JD Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haier" title="Haier">Haier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidilao" title="Haidilao">Haidilao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD.com" title="JD.com">JD.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nongfu_Spring" title="Nongfu Spring">Nongfu Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip.com_Group" title="Trip.com Group">Trip.com Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetEase" title="NetEase">NetEase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Constituents_of_Hang_Seng_China_50_Index163" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hang_Seng_China_50_Index" title="Template:Hang Seng China 50 Index"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hang_Seng_China_50_Index" title="Template talk:Hang Seng China 50 Index"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hang_Seng_China_50_Index" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hang Seng China 50 Index"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Constituents_of_Hang_Seng_China_50_Index163" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> Constituents of <a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_China_50_Index" title="Hang Seng China 50 Index">Hang Seng China 50 Index</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Bank_of_China" title="Agricultural Bank of China">Agricultural Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China" title="Bank of China">Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Communications" title="Bank of Communications">Bank of Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYD_Company" title="BYD Company">BYD Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CATL" title="CATL">CATL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Construction_Bank" title="China Construction Bank">China Construction Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Merchants_Bank" title="China Merchants Bank">China Merchants Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Mobile" title="China Mobile">China Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Pacific_Insurance_Company" title="China Pacific Insurance Company">China Pacific Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Shenhua_Energy" title="China Shenhua Energy">China Shenhua Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITS_Group_Corporation" title="CITS Group Corporation">CITS Group Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Yangtze_Power" title="China Yangtze Power">China Yangtze Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Securities" title="CITIC Securities">CITIC Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNOOC_Limited" title="CNOOC Limited">CNOOC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan_Haitian_Flavouring_%26_Food_Co" title="Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co">Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_Motor" title="Great Wall Motor">Great Wall Motor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gree_Electric" title="Gree Electric">Gree Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikvision" title="Hikvision">Hikvision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICBC" class="mw-redirect" title="ICBC">ICBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Bank_(China)" title="Industrial Bank (China)">Industrial Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD.com" title="JD.com">JD.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu_Hengrui_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine">Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaishou" title="Kuaishou">Kuaishou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kweichow_Moutai" title="Kweichow Moutai">Kweichow Moutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LONGi" title="LONGi">LONGi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxshare" title="Luxshare">Luxshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meituan" title="Meituan">Meituan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midea_Group" title="Midea Group">Midea Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindray" title="Mindray">Mindray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muyuan_Foodstuff" title="Muyuan Foodstuff">Muyuan Foodstuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetEase" title="NetEase">NetEase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nongfu_Spring" title="Nongfu Spring">Nongfu Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Bank" title="Ping An Bank">Ping An Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_Savings_Bank_of_China" title="Postal Savings Bank of China">Postal Savings Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SF_Express" title="SF Express">SF Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Pudong_Development_Bank" title="Shanghai Pudong Development Bank">Shanghai Pudong Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi_Xinghuacun_Fen_Wine_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory">Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanke" title="Vanke">Vanke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanhua_Chemical_Group" title="Wanhua Chemical Group">Wanhua Chemical Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuliangye_Yibin" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuliangye Yibin">Wuliangye Yibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WuXi_AppTec" title="WuXi AppTec">WuXi AppTec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi" title="Xiaomi">Xiaomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yihai_Kerry" title="Yihai Kerry">Yihai Kerry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="S&amp;P_Asia_50_companies74" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:S%26P_Asia_50" title="Template:S&P Asia 50"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:S%26P_Asia_50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:S&P Asia 50 (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:S%26P_Asia_50" title="Special:EditPage/Template:S&P Asia 50"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="S&amp;P_Asia_50_companies74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/S%26P_Asia_50" title="S&P Asia 50">S&P Asia 50</a> companies</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mainland China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China" title="Bank of China">Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Construction_Bank" title="China Construction Bank">China Construction Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Merchants_Bank" title="China Merchants Bank">China Merchants Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Mobile" title="China Mobile">China Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Overseas_Land_and_Investment" title="China Overseas Land and Investment">China Overseas Land and Investment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Petroleum_%26_Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="China Petroleum & Chemical">China Petroleum & Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNOOC_Limited" title="CNOOC Limited">CNOOC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_and_Commercial_Bank_of_China" title="Industrial and Commercial Bank of China">Industrial and Commercial Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meituan-Dianping" class="mw-redirect" title="Meituan-Dianping">Meituan-Dianping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hong Kong</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIA_Group" title="AIA Group">AIA Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CK_Asset_Holdings" title="CK Asset Holdings">CK Asset Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CK_Hutchison_Holdings" title="CK Hutchison Holdings">CK Hutchison Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLP_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="CLP Holdings">CLP Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Entertainment_Group" title="Galaxy Entertainment Group">Galaxy Entertainment Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_Bank" title="Hang Seng Bank">Hang Seng Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_and_China_Gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong and China Gas">Hong Kong and China Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Exchanges_and_Clearing" title="Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing">Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_Real_Estate_Investment_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Link Real Estate Investment Trust">Link Real Estate Investment Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sands_China" title="Sands China">Sands China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hung_Kai_Properties" title="Sun Hung Kai Properties">Sun Hung Kai Properties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singapore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DBS_Bank" title="DBS Bank">DBS Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oversea-Chinese_Banking" class="mw-redirect" title="Oversea-Chinese Banking">Oversea-Chinese Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Overseas_Bank" title="United Overseas Bank">United Overseas Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Telecommunications" class="mw-redirect" title="Singapore Telecommunications">Singapore Telecommunications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celltrion" title="Celltrion">Celltrion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Mobis" title="Hyundai Mobis">Hyundai Mobis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Company" title="Hyundai Motor Company">Hyundai Motor Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KB_Financial_Group" title="KB Financial Group">KB Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KT%26G" class="mw-redirect" title="KT&G">KT&G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_Chem" title="LG Chem">LG Chem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naver" title="Naver">Naver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POSCO" title="POSCO">POSCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Hynix" title="SK Hynix">SK Hynix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taiwan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Largan_Precision" title="Largan Precision">Largan Precision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathay_Financial_Holding" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathay Financial Holding">Cathay Financial Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CTBC_Financial_Holding" title="CTBC Financial Holding">CTBC Financial Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formosa_Plastics" class="mw-redirect" title="Formosa Plastics">Formosa Plastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxconn" title="Foxconn">Hon Hai Precision Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaTek" title="MediaTek">MediaTek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSMC" title="TSMC">TSMC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831445#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata384" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831445#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata384" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831445#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000417935814">ISNI</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&oldid=1280802684">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&oldid=1280802684</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_in_the_SSE_50_Index" title="Category:Companies in the SSE 50 Index">Companies in the SSE 50 Index</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_in_the_Hang_Seng_China_Enterprises_Index" title="Category:Companies in the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index">Companies in the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hang_Seng_China_50_Index" title="Category:Hang Seng China 50 Index">Hang Seng China 50 Index</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sinopec" title="Category:Sinopec">Sinopec</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_listed_on_the_Shanghai_Stock_Exchange" title="Category:Companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange">Companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_in_the_CSI_100_Index" title="Category:Companies in the CSI 100 Index">Companies in the CSI 100 Index</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_in_the_FTSE_China_A50_Index" title="Category:Companies in the FTSE China A50 Index">Companies in the FTSE China A50 Index</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_in_the_S%26P_Asia_50" title="Category:Companies in the S&P Asia 50">Companies in the S&P Asia 50</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_listed_on_the_Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Category:Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange">Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_listed_on_the_London_Stock_Exchange" title="Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange">Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_formerly_listed_on_the_New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="Category:Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange">Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil_companies_of_China" title="Category:Oil companies of China">Oil companies of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government-owned_companies_of_China" title="Category:Government-owned companies of China">Government-owned companies of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_oil_and_gas_companies" title="Category:National oil and gas companies">National oil and gas companies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_brands" title="Category:Chinese brands">Chinese brands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_in_the_Hang_Seng_Index" title="Category:Companies in the Hang Seng Index">Companies in the Hang Seng Index</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:H_shares" title="Category:H shares">H shares</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_companies_established_in_2000" title="Category:Chinese companies established in 2000">Chinese companies established in 2000</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Multinational_companies_headquartered_in_China" title="Category:Multinational companies headquartered in China">Multinational companies headquartered in China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" title="Category:Chaoyang District, Beijing">Chaoyang District, Beijing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2000_in_Beijing" title="Category:2000 in Beijing">2000 in Beijing</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Chinese-language_sources_(zh)" title="Category:CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)">CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2024">Use dmy dates from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_September_2024" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from September 2024">Vague or ambiguous time from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_December_2024" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2024">Articles needing additional references from December 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 March 2025, at 15:14 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinopec&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Sinopec</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 36 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c6f46dcf-lw7fl","wgBackendResponseTime":258,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.801","walltime":"2.122","ppvisitednodes":{"value":27228,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":582735,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":97184,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":11,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":647260,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1821.044 1 -total"," 37.65% 685.533 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.01% 236.832 68 Template:Cite_news"," 12.67% 230.654 57 Template:Cite_web"," 12.54% 228.352 53 Template:Rp"," 11.85% 215.785 53 Template:R/superscript"," 10.07% 183.309 1 Template:Infobox_company"," 9.56% 174.030 1 Template:Infobox"," 7.90% 143.893 1 Template:Navboxes"," 6.62% 120.489 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.008","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":22009052,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","18.3"],["?","220","18.3"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","200","16.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","140","11.7"],["type","60","5.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","60","5.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","40","3.3"],["gsub","20","1.7"],["\u003CModule:Citation/CS1:814\u003E","20","1.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::preprocess","20","1.7"],["[others]","200","16.7"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-585dc88b6-8b6xf","timestamp":"20250327031131","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Sinopec","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinopec","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q831445","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q831445","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-12-25T10:37:05Z","dateModified":"2025-03-16T15:14:42Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5c\/SinopecHQChaoyang.JPG","headline":"Chinese oil and gas company"}</script> </body> </html>