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Katinig na belar - Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya
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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tingnan_ang_buod" title="Mga gabay sa pagbabasa ng laktaw-laktaw sa Wikipedia"><span>Mga nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-Napiling-nilalaman" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mga_napiling_artikulo"><span>Napiling nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Alin_man" title="Magpalabas ng kahit-anong artikulo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Alinmang artikulo</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol"><span>Patungkol sa Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kasalukuyang_pangyayari" title="Hanapin ang mga impormasyon tungkol sa mga kamakailang kaganapan"><span>Mga kaganapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Pakikihalubilo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Pakikihalubilo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pakikihalubilo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mga huling binago</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Makipag-ugnayan_sa_amin" title="Paano makokontak ang Wikipedia"><span>Makipag-ugnayan</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulong" title="Ang lugar para maghanap ng tulong sa Wikipedia."><span>Tulong</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ang Malayang Ensiklopedya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tl.svg" width="119" height="13" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl" class=""><span>Donasyon</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Katinig+na+belar" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito" class=""><span>Gumawa ng account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Katinig+na+belar" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mag-login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Marami pang pagpipilian" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga pansariling kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl"><span>Donasyon</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Mag-ambag</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Katinig+na+belar" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, 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href="/wiki/Natatangi:Usapan_ko" title="Usapang tungkol sa mga pagbabagong ginawa sa ip address na ito [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mga nilalaman" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga nilalaman</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">itago</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Simula</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kakulangan_ng_mga_belar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kakulangan_ng_mga_belar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kakulangan ng mga belar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kakulangan_ng_mga_belar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katinig_na_Velo-dorsal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katinig_na_Velo-dorsal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Katinig na Velo-dorsal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katinig_na_Velo-dorsal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tingnan_din" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tingnan_din"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tingnan din</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tingnan_din-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_Tala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_Tala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mga Tala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_Tala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_sanggunian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_sanggunian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mga sanggunian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_sanggunian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karagdagang_pagbabasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karagdagang_pagbabasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Karagdagang pagbabasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karagdagang_pagbabasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mga nilalaman" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Katinig na belar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pumunta sa isang artikulo na nakasulat sa ibang wika. Mayroon ito sa 61 (na) wika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 wika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaar" title="Velaar – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Velaar" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velarer_Konsonant" title="Velarer Konsonant – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Velarer Konsonant" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%8A" title="طبقي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طبقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_velar" title="Consonante velar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Consonante velar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar" title="Velar – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Velar" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Заднонебна съгласна – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Заднонебна съгласна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="পশ্চাত্তালব্য ব্যঞ্জনধ্বনি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পশ্চাত্তালব্য ব্যঞ্জনধ্বনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9D%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཝེལར། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཝེལར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensonenn_ouel" title="Kensonenn ouel – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kensonenn ouel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_velar" title="Consonant velar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Consonant velar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_souhl%C3%A1ska" title="Velární souhláska – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Velární souhláska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytsain_felar" title="Cytsain felar – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cytsain felar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A6r_konsonant" title="Velær konsonant – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Velær konsonant" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar" title="Velar – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Velar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welar" title="Welar – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Welar" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Velar consonant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velsono" title="Velsono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Velsono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_velar" title="Consonante velar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Consonante velar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaar" title="Velaar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Velaar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontsonante_belar" title="Kontsonante belar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kontsonante belar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="همخوان نرمکامی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="همخوان نرمکامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaari" title="Velaari – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Velaari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonne_v%C3%A9laire" title="Consonne vélaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Consonne vélaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consoante_velar" title="Consoante velar – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Consoante velar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corockle_coghooysagh" title="Corockle coghooysagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Corockle coghooysagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="עיצורים וילוניים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיצורים וילוניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8" title="कण्ठ्य व्यंजन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कण्ठ्य व्यंजन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welar" title="Welar – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Welar" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A1ris_hang" title="Veláris hang – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Veláris hang" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsonan_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan langit-langit belakang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konsonan langit-langit belakang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_velare" title="Consonante velare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Consonante velare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E5%8F%A3%E8%93%8B%E9%9F%B3" title="軟口蓋音 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="軟口蓋音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тіл арты дауыссыздар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тіл арты дауыссыздар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EA%B0%9C%EC%9D%8C" title="연구개음 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="연구개음" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velair" title="Velair – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Velair" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunsunanta_velara" title="Cunsunanta velara – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cunsunanta velara" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomuriniai_priebalsiai" title="Gomuriniai priebalsiai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gomuriniai priebalsiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C4%81rs_l%C4%ABdzskanis" title="Velārs līdzskanis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Velārs līdzskanis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Заднонепчена согласка – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Заднонепчена согласка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="മൃദുതാലവ്യം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൃദുതാലവ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsonan_velar" title="Konsonan velar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Konsonan velar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velaar" title="Velaar – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Velaar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar" title="Velar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Velar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velarer" title="Velarer – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Velarer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%B3%C5%82g%C5%82oska_mi%C4%99kkopodniebienna" title="Spółgłoska miękkopodniebienna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Spółgłoska miękkopodniebienna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%B5%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AD" title="طبقی حروف صحیح – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="طبقی حروف صحیح" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consoante_velar" title="Consoante velar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Consoante velar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consoan%C4%83_velar%C4%83" title="Consoană velară – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Consoană velară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Заднеязычные согласные – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Заднеязычные согласные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Velar consonant" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velar_konsonant" title="Velar konsonant – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Velar konsonant" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="மெல்லண்ண மெய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெல்லண்ண மெய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artdamaks%C4%B1l_%C3%BCns%C3%BCz" title="Artdamaksıl ünsüz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Artdamaksıl ünsüz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Тел арты тартыклары – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тел арты тартыклары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Задньоязиковий приголосний – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Задньоязиковий приголосний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%B5%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AD" title="طبقی حروف صحیح – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طبقی حروف صحیح" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonante_ve%C5%82are" title="Consonante vełare – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Consonante vełare" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82m_ng%E1%BA%A1c_m%E1%BB%81m" title="Âm ngạc mềm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Âm ngạc mềm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="软腭音" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E8%85%AD%E9%9F%B3" title="软腭音 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="软腭音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E9%9F%B3" title="軟顎音 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="軟顎音" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19408#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Baguhin ang link sa ibang wika" class="wbc-editpage">baguhin ang mga link</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mga aksyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Katinig_na_belar"><span>Basahin</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit" title="Baguhin ito [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Baguhin</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible 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[j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mga nakaturo rito</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Nakakawing_ng_kamakailang_pagbabago/Katinig_na_belar" rel="nofollow" title="Mga huling binago sa mga kaugnay na pahina mula sa pahinang ito [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Kaugnay na pagbabago</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tl" title="Magkarga ng mga larawan o iba pang midya [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Mag-upload ng file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Natatanging_mga_pahina" title="Tala ng mga natatanging pahina [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Natatanging pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&oldid=2016746" title="Ibigay ang palagiang kawing para sa kasalukuyang bersyon ng pahinang ito"><span>Permanenteng link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Aklat&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Katinig+na+belar"><span>Lumikha ng isang aklat</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Katinig_na_belar&action=show-download-screen"><span>I-download bilang PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&printable=yes" title="Ipakita ang bersyon ng pahinang itong madaling maililimbag [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bersyong mapi-print</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sa iba pang proyekto </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Velar_consonants" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19408" title="Link sa nakakonektang item sa repositoryo ng datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Item na Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itsura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">itago</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Mula sa Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tl" dir="ltr"><p>Ang mga <b>belar</b> o <b>velar</b> ay mga katinig na sinasalita sa likod na bahagi ng <a href="/wiki/Dila" title="Dila">dila</a> (ang dorsum) laban sa malambot na ngalangala, ang likod na bahagi ng bubong ng bibig (kilala rin bilang ang <b>velum</b> ). </p><p>Dahil ang rehiyon ng velar ng bubong ng bibig ay relatibong malawak at ang mga paggalaw ng dorsum ay hindi masyadong tumpak, ang mga velar ay madaling sumailalim sa paglalagom, na nagbabago sa kanilang pagsasalita o sa harap depende sa kalidad ng mga katabing mga patinig. <sup id="cite_ref-Stroud,_2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stroud,_2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sila ay madalas na maging awtomatikong <i>fronted</i>, na bahagyang o ganap na palatal bago ang isang sumusunod na <a href="/wiki/Harap_na_patinig" class="mw-redirect" title="Harap na patinig">harap na patinig</a>, at <i>pabawi</i>, na bahagya o ganap na uvular bago pabalik vowels. </p><p>Ang mga palatalised velar (tulad ng Ingles / k / sa <i>matalim</i> o <i>kubo</i> ) ay tinutukoy kung minsan bilang mga <b>palatovelar</b>. Maraming mga wika ay mayroon ding <a href="/wiki/Palabi_(lugar_ng_artikulasyon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palabi (lugar ng artikulasyon)">labialized</a> velars, tulad ng [kʷ], kung saan ang pagsasalita ay sinamahan ng rounding ng mga labi. Mayroon ding labial-velar consonants, na doble na articulated sa velum at sa mga labi, tulad ng [k͡p] . Ang pagtatangi na ito ay nawala sa katumbas na katinig [w] dahil ang labialization ay nagsasangkot ng pagdaragdag ng labial approximant articulation sa isang tunog, at ang hindi siguradong sitwasyon na ito ay kadalasang tinatawag na <b>labiovelar</b>. Ang velar trill o tap ay hindi posible: tingnan ang mga may kulay na mga kahon sa <a href="/wiki/Pandaigdigang_Ponetikong_Alpabeto" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandaigdigang Ponetikong Alpabeto">talahanayan ng mga pulmonikong katinig</a> . Sa posisyon ng velar, ang dila ay may lubos na limitadong kakayahan upang maisagawa ang uri ng paggalaw na nauugnay sa mga trills o taps, at ang katawan ng dila ay walang kalayaan upang ilipat ang sapat na mabilis upang makabuo ng velar trill o flap.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ang mga katinig na velar na kinilala ng <a href="/wiki/Pandaigdigang_Ponetikong_Alpabeto" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandaigdigang Ponetikong Alpabeto">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> ay: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">IPA </th> <th rowspan="2">Paglalarawan </th> <th colspan="4">Halimbawa </th></tr> <tr> <th>Wika </th> <th>Orthography </th> <th>IPA </th> <th>Kahulugan </th></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-N2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Xsampa-N2.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="22" /></a></span> </th> <td>velar nasal </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a> </td> <td>ri <b>ng</b> </td> <td>[ɹʷɪ ŋ ] </td> <td>singsing </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-k.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Xsampa-k.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="23" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="23" /></a></span> </th> <td>halong voiceless velar </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a> </td> <td>s <b>k</b> ip </td> <td>[s k ɪp] </td> <td>laktawan </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-g.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Xsampa-g.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="22" /></a></span> </th> <td>tininigan ang velar stop </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a> </td> <td><b>g</b> et </td> <td>[ ɡ ɛt] </td> <td>kumuha </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-x.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Xsampa-x.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td>voiceless velar fricative </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Aleman" title="Wikang Aleman">Aleman</a> </td> <td>Bau <b>ch</b> </td> <td>[baʊ x ] </td> <td>tiyan </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-G2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Xsampa-G2.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="21" /></a></span> </th> <td>voiced velar fricative </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Griyego" title="Wikang Griyego">Griyego</a> </td> <td><b>γ</b> άτα </td> <td>[Ɣ ata] </td> <td>pusa </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-X.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Xsampa-X.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td>voiceless labialized velar approximant </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a> </td> <td><b>wh</b> ich <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>[ ʍ ɪtʃ] </td> <td>kung saan </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-Mslash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Xsampa-Mslash.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="22" /></a></span> </th> <td>tininigan ng velar approximant </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Kastila" title="Wikang Kastila">Espanyol</a> </td> <td>pa <b>g</b> ar <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>[pa ɰ aɾ] </td> <td>magbayad </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-Lslash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Xsampa-Lslash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td>tininigan velar lateral approximant </td> <td>Wahgi </td> <td>isang <b>ʟ</b> a <b>ʟ</b> e </td> <td>[a ʟ a ʟ e] </td> <td>nahihilo </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Xsampa-w2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Xsampa-w2.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </th> <td>tininigan labio-velar approximant </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a> </td> <td><b>w</b> itch </td> <td>[ w ɪtʃ] </td> <td>bruha </td></tr> <tr> <th>k''' </th> <td>velar ejective stop </td> <td>Archi </td> <td><b>кӀ</b> ан </td> <td>[ k'a ] </td> <td>ibaba </td></tr> <tr> <th>ɠ </th> <td>tininigan velar implosive </td> <td>Sindhi </td> <td><b>g̈</b> əro / ڳرو </td> <td>[ ɠ əro] </td> <td>mabigat </td></tr> <tr> <th>ʞ </th> <td>back-release velar click </td> <td>(paralinguistic) </td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kakulangan_ng_mga_belar">Kakulangan ng mga belar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Kakulangan ng mga belar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Kakulangan ng mga belar"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ang katinig na belar na [k] ay ang pinakakaraniwang katinig sa mga wika ng tao. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ang mga wika lamang na naitala sa kakulangan ng mga velar (at anumang nalalaman ng dorsal) ay maaaring Xavante, <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Tahitian" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikang Tahitian">Tahitian</a>, Wutung, Vanimo, Nori, at Waimiri-Atroari . </p><p>Ang ibang mga wika ay walang simpleng mga velar. Ang tampok na isal ng mga katutubong wika ng Americas ng mga baybaying rehiyon ng Pacific Northwest ay ang makasaysayang * k ay palatalized. Kapag tulad ng mga tunog ay nanatili hinto, sila ay na-transcribe <span class="nowrap">⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa">kʸ</span>⟩</span> in Americanist phonetic pagtatanda, siguro naaayon sa IPA <span class="nowrap">⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa">c</span>⟩</span> ngunit sa iba, gaya ng Saanich diyalekto ng Coastal Salish, Salish-Spokane-Kalispel, at Chemakum, * k napunta karagdagang at affricated sa [tʃ] . Gayundin, ang makasaysayang * k 'ay naging [tʃ'] at makasaysayang * x ay naging [ʃ] ; walang * g o * ŋ. Sa Northwest Caucasian languages, ang makasaysayang * [k] ay naging palatalized din, nagiging / kʲ / sa Ubykh at / tʃ / sa karamihan sa mga varieties ng <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikang_Sirkasyano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikang Sirkasyano (hindi pa naisusulat)">Circassian</a> . Sa parehong rehiyon ang mga wika ay nagpapanatili ng isang labialized serye ng velar (eg [kʷ], [k'ʷ], [xʷ], [w] sa Pacific Northwest) pati na rin ang mga uvular consonant . <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sa mga wika ng mga pamilyang iyon na nagpapanatili ng mga plain velar, ang parehong mga plain at labialized velar ay <i>pre-velar</i>, marahil upang gawin itong mas naiiba mula sa uvulars na maaaring <i>post-velar</i> . Ang mga prevalent consonant ay madaling kapitan sa palatalisasyon. Ang isang katulad na sistema, ang contrasting * kʲ na may * kʷ at umalis * k marginal sa pinakamahusay na, ay reconstructed para sa Proto-Indo-European . </p><p>Bukod sa tininigan na pagtigil [ɡ], walang ibang konsonante ng velar ay partikular na karaniwan, maging ang [w] at [ŋ] na nagaganap sa Ingles. Siyempre, hindi maaaring magkaroon ng phoneme / ɡ / sa isang wika na walang tinig na tininigan, tulad ng <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Mandarin" title="Wikang Mandarin">Mandarin Chinese</a>, <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ngunit ito ay sporadically nawawala sa ibang lugar. Ng mga wika na sinuri sa <i>World Atlas of Language Structures</i>, halos 10% ng mga wika na kung saan ay may / pbtdk / ay nawawala / ɡ / . <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ang Pirahã ay parehong isang [k] at isang [ɡ] phonetically. Gayunpaman, ang [k] ay hindi kumilos bilang iba pang mga konsonante, at ang argument ay ginawa na ito ay phonemically / hi /, na iniiwan ang Pirahã na may lamang / ɡ / bilang isang underlyingly velon consonant. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Hawayano" title="Wikang Hawayano">Ang Hawaiian</a> ay hindi makilala ang [k] mula sa [t] ; ⟨k⟩ tends papunta sa [k] sa simula ng pananalita, [t] bago [i], at ito ay variable sa ibang lugar, lalo na sa diyalekto ng Ni <span style="font-family:'Lucida Sans Unicode'">ʻ</span> at <span style="font-family:'Lucida Sans Unicode'">ʻ</span> i. Dahil Hawaiian Wala pang [ŋ], at ⟨w⟩ ay nag-iiba sa pagitan ng [w] at [v], ito ay hindi malinaw na makabuluhan upang sabihin na Hawaiian ay malaponema tunog belar consonants. </p><p>Ang ilang mga wika ng Khoisan ay may limitadong bilang o pamamahagi ng consonants ng pulmonic velar. (Ang kanilang mga pag-click na consonants ay nakalagay sa uvular o posibleng velar region, ngunit ang occlusion ay bahagi ng mekanismo ng airstream kaysa sa lugar ng pagsasalita ng consonant. ) Halimbawa, ang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikang_Khoekhoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikang Khoekhoe (hindi pa naisusulat)">Khoekhoe</a> ay hindi nagpapahintulot ng mga velar sa medial o pangwakas na posisyon, ngunit sa Ju|'hoan velars ay bihirang kahit sa paunang posisyon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Katinig_na_Velo-dorsal">Katinig na Velo-dorsal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Katinig na Velo-dorsal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Katinig na Velo-dorsal"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ang mga karaniwang katinig na velar ay <i>dorso-velar</i> : Ang dorsum (katawan) ng dila ay tumataas upang makipag-ugnay sa velum (soft palate) ng bubong ng bibig. Sa disordered na pagsasalita mayroon din <i>velo-dorsal</i> hihinto, na may kabaligtaran magsalita: Ang velum lowers upang makipag-ugnay sa dila, na kung saan ay mananatiling static. Sa extension sa IPA para sa disordered pagsasalita, ang mga ito ay na-transcribe pamamagitan ng pagtaliwas ang IPA sulat para sa isang tunog belar katinig, hal <span style="[[:Padron:MirrorH]]">⟨k⟩</span> para sa isang walang-imik na velodorsal stop. <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tingnan_din">Tingnan din</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Tingnan din" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Tingnan din"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belarisasyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belarisasyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Belarisasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugar_ng_pagsasalita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lugar ng pagsasalita (hindi pa naisusulat)">Lugar ng pagsasalita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Listahan_ng_mga_ponetikong_paksa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Listahan ng mga ponetikong paksa (hindi pa naisusulat)">Listahan ng mga ponetikong paksa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_Tala">Mga Tala</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga Tala" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Mga Tala"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2121818">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_dialects_of_the_English_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of dialects of the English language (hindi pa naisusulat)">dialects</a> that distinguish between <i>which</i> and <i>witch</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intervocalic" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:intervocalic">Intervocalic</a> <i>g</i> in Spanish often described instead as a very lightly articulated <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_velar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced velar fricative (hindi pa naisusulat)">voiced velar fricative</a>.<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><span title="Kailangan ng mga pagbanggit ng mapagkakatiwalaang sanggunian since July 2007" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Citation needed">kailangan ng sanggunian</a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">What is written <i>g</i> in pinyin is <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">/k/</span>, though that sound does have an allophone <span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA">[ɡ]</span> in atonic syllables.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The old letter for a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Back-released_velar_click&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Back-released velar click (hindi pa naisusulat)">back-released velar click</a>, turned-k <span class="nowrap">⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa">ʞ</span>⟩</span>, was used from 2008 to 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_sanggunian">Mga sanggunian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga sanggunian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Mga sanggunian"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2121818"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Stroud,_2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Stroud,_2013_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2132731">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFStroud2013" class="citation web cs1">Stroud, Kevin (Agosto 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130824213343/http://historyofenglishpodcast.com/2013/08/04/episode-5-centum-satem-and-the-letter-c-2/">"Episode 5: Centum, Satem and the Letter C | The History of English Podcast"</a>. Inarkibo mula sa <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historyofenglishpodcast.com/2013/08/04/episode-5-centum-satem-and-the-letter-c-2/">orihinal</a> noong 24 Agosto 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">29 Enero</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Episode+5%3A+Centum%2C+Satem+and+the+Letter+C+%7C+The+History+of+English+Podcast&rft.date=2013-08&rft.aulast=Stroud&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistoryofenglishpodcast.com%2F2013%2F08%2F04%2Fepisode-5-centum-satem-and-the-letter-c-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKatinig+na+belar" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_web" title="Padron:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/linguistic/ipa/">The International phonetic Alphabet</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ian Maddieson and Sandra Ferrari Disner, 1984, <i>Patterns of Sounds.</i> Cambridge University Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Viacheslav A. Chirikba, 1996, <i>Common West Caucasian: the reconstruction of its phonological system and parts of its lexicon and morphology</i>, p. 192. Research School CNWS: Leiden.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wals.info/feature/5">The World Atlas of Language Structures Online:Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karagdagang_pagbabasa">Karagdagang pagbabasa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Karagdagang pagbabasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katinig_na_belar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Karagdagang pagbabasa"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ladefoged, Peter ; Maddieson, Ian (1996). Ang Mga Tunog ng Mga Wika sa Mundo . Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN   <bdi> 978-0-631-19815-4 </bdi> .</li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐66695f89d8‐s77sd Cached time: 20241119210950 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.171 seconds Real time usage: 0.277 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 554/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6391/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2175/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9035/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.067/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2686981/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 212.477 1 -total 62.93% 133.703 2 Padron:Reflist 40.61% 86.293 1 Padron:Cite_web 21.03% 44.685 1 Padron:Notelist 19.34% 41.095 2 Padron:Angbr 9.04% 19.199 4 Padron:Efn 4.20% 8.928 3 Padron:Angbr_IPA 3.80% 8.069 1 Padron:Citation_needed 1.51% 3.202 2 Padron:Okina 1.10% 2.336 2 Padron:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key tlwiki:pcache:288042:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241119210950 and revision id 2016746. 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