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href="#The_Health_and_Social_Care_Inspectorate_(Ivo)_report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>The Health and Social Care Inspectorate (Ivo) report</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Health_and_Social_Care_Inspectorate_(Ivo)_report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Total_health_expenditure_per_capita,_US_Dollars_PPP_(alt).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Total_health_expenditure_per_capita%2C_US_Dollars_PPP_%28alt%29.png/300px-Total_health_expenditure_per_capita%2C_US_Dollars_PPP_%28alt%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Total_health_expenditure_per_capita%2C_US_Dollars_PPP_%28alt%29.png/450px-Total_health_expenditure_per_capita%2C_US_Dollars_PPP_%28alt%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Total_health_expenditure_per_capita%2C_US_Dollars_PPP_%28alt%29.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="491" /></a><figcaption>Total health spending per capita, in <a href="/wiki/U.S._dollars" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. dollars">U.S. dollars</a> <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP-adjusted</a>, of Sweden compared amongst various other first world nations.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Swedish <a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">health care</a> system is mainly <a href="/wiki/Publicly_funded_health_care" title="Publicly funded health care">government-funded</a>, universal for all citizens and decentralized,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although private health care also exists. The health care system in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> is financed primarily through taxes levied by county councils and municipalities. A total of 21 councils are in charge with primary and hospital care within the country. </p><p>Private healthcare is a rarity in Sweden, and even those private institutions work under the mandated city councils.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city councils regulate the rules and the establishment of potential private practices. Although in most countries care for the elderly or those who need psychiatric help is conducted privately, in Sweden local, publicly funded authorities are in charge of this type of care.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Management">Management</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sweden's health care system is organized and managed on three levels: national, regional and local. At the national level, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_and_Social_Affairs_(Sweden)" title="Ministry of Health and Social Affairs (Sweden)">Ministry of Health and Social Affairs</a> establishes principles and guidelines for care and sets the political agenda for health and medical care. The ministry, along with other government bodies, supervises activities at the lower levels, allocates grants, and periodically evaluates services to ensure correspondence to national goals. </p><p>Regional responsibility for financing and providing health care is decentralized to the 21 <a href="/wiki/County_Councils_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="County Councils of Sweden">county councils</a>. A county council is a political body whose representatives are elected by the public every four years on the same day as the national general election. The executive board or hospital board of a county council exercises authority over hospital structure and management and ensures efficient health care delivery. County councils also regulate prices and the level of service offered by private providers. Private providers are required to enter into a contract with the county councils. Patients are not reimbursed for services from private providers who do not have an agreement with the county councils. According to the Swedish health and medical care policy, every county council must provide residents with good-quality health services and medical care and work toward promoting good health in the entire population. </p><p>At the local level, municipalities are responsible for maintaining the immediate environment of citizens, such as water supply and social welfare services. Recently, post-discharge care for the disabled and elderly and long-term care for psychiatric patients was decentralized to the local municipalities. </p><p>County councils have considerable leeway in deciding how care should be planned and delivered. This explains the wide regional variations. </p><p>It is informally divided into 7 sections: "Close-to-home care" (<a href="/wiki/Primary_care" title="Primary care">primary care</a> clinics, maternity care clinics, out-patient <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychiatric">psychiatric</a> clinics, etc.), <a href="/wiki/Emergency_care" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency care">emergency care</a>, elective care, <a href="/wiki/In-patient" class="mw-redirect" title="In-patient">in-patient</a> care, <a href="/wiki/Out-patient" class="mw-redirect" title="Out-patient">out-patient</a> care, specialist care, and <a href="/wiki/Dentistry" title="Dentistry">dental care</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All citizens are to be given on line access to their own <a href="/wiki/Electronic_health_records" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic health records">electronic health records</a> by 2020. Many different record systems are used which has caused problems for interoperability. A national patient portal, ‘1177.se’ is used by all systems, with both telephone and online access. At June 2017 about 41% of the population had set up their own account to use personal e-services using this system. A national Health Information Exchange platform provides a single point of connectivity to the many different systems. There is not yet a national regulatory framework for patients’ direct access to their health information.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Provision">Provision</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Provision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Private companies in 2015 provide about 20% of public hospital care and about 30% of public primary care, although in 2014 a survey by the <a href="/wiki/SOM_Institute" title="SOM Institute">SOM Institute</a> found that 69% of Swedes were opposed to private companies profiting from providing public education, health, and social care, with only about 15% actively in favour. </p><p>In April 2015 <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4sternorrland_County" title="Västernorrland County">Västernorrland County</a> ordered its officials to find ways to limit the profits private companies can reap from running publicly funded health services.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Financing">Financing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Financing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png/220px-Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png/330px-Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png/440px-Life_expectancy_vs_spending_OECD.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Healthcare spending vs life expectancy for some countries in 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png/220px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png/330px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png/440px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Sweden_-diff.png 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="721" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">Life expectancy</a> development in Sweden by gender</figcaption></figure> <p>Costs for health and medical care amounted to approximately 9 percent of Sweden's <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">gross domestic product</a> in 2005, a figure that remained fairly stable since the early 1980s. By 2015 the cost had risen to 11.9% of GDP -the highest in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seventy-one percent of health care is funded through local taxation, and county councils have the right to collect income tax. The state finances the bulk of <a href="/wiki/Health_care_costs" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care costs">health care costs</a>, with the patient paying a small nominal fee for examination. The state pays for approximately 97% of medical costs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When a physician declares a patient to be ill for whatever reason (by signing a certificate of illness/unfitness), the patient is paid a percentage of their normal daily wage from the second day. For the first 14 days, the employer is required to pay this wage, and after that the state pays the wage until the patient is declared fit. </p><p>The funding and cost of keeps healthcare affordable and accessible to all Swedish citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local taxes equate for about 70% of the budgets for councils and municipalities, while overall 85% of the total health budget come from public funding.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Details_and_patient_costs">Details and patient costs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Details and patient costs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prescription drugs are not free but fees to the user are capped at 2350 SEK per annum. Once a patient's prescriptions reach this amount, the government covers any further expenses for the rest of the year. The funding system is automated. The country's pharmacies are connected over the Internet. Each prescription is sent to the pharmacy network, which stores information on a patient's medical history and on the prescriptions fulfilled previously for that patient. If the patient's pharmaceutical expenses have exceeded the annual limit, the patient receives the medication free of charge at the point of sale, upon producing identification. </p><p>In a sample of 13 developed countries Sweden was eleventh in its population weighted usage of medication in 14 classes in 2009 and twelfth in 2013. The drugs studied were selected on the basis that the conditions treated had high incidence, prevalence and/or mortality, caused significant long-term morbidity and incurred high levels of expenditure and significant developments in prevention or treatment had been made in the last 10 years. The study noted considerable difficulties in cross border comparison of medication use.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A limit on health-care fees per year exists; 150-400 SEK for each visit to a doctor, regardless if they are a private doctor or work at a local health-care center or a hospital. When visiting a hospital, the entrance fee covers all specialist visits the doctor deems necessary, like x-ray, rheumatism specialist, heart surgery operations and so on. The same fee is levied for ambulance services. After 1150 SEK have been paid, health-care for the rest of the year will be provided free of charge. </p><p>Dental care is not included in the general health care system, but is partly subsidized by the government. Dental care is free for citizens up to 23 years of age. </p><p>Mental health care is an integrated part of the health care system and is subject to the same legislation and user fees as other health care services. If an individual has minor mental health issues, they are attended to by a GP in a primary health setting; if the patient has major mental health issues they are referred to specialized psychiatric care in hospitals.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Performance">Performance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First-World-Infant-Mortality-Trends.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/First-World-Infant-Mortality-Trends.jpg/475px-First-World-Infant-Mortality-Trends.jpg" decoding="async" width="475" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/First-World-Infant-Mortality-Trends.jpg/713px-First-World-Infant-Mortality-Trends.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/First-World-Infant-Mortality-Trends.jpg 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption>The reduction in <a href="/wiki/Infant_mortality" title="Infant mortality">infant mortality</a> between 1960 and 2008 for Sweden in comparison with Ireland, France, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.</figcaption></figure> <p>The system of investigating incidents in maternity care has been very successful. It starts with a no-blame investigation, which is completed quickly. There is then a consideration of whether the problem was avoidable, and if they were how the learning from the incident can be used. Families get compensation if it was avoidable, usually without going to court.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waiting_times">Waiting times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Waiting times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Urgent cases are always prioritized and emergency cases are treated immediately. The national guarantee of care, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5rdgaranti" title="Vårdgaranti">Vårdgaranti</a>, lays down standards for waiting times for scheduled care, aiming to keep waiting time below 7 days for a visit to a <a href="/wiki/Primary_care_physician" title="Primary care physician">primary care physician</a>, and no more than 90 days for a visit to a specialist.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Euro_health_consumer_index" class="mw-redirect" title="Euro health consumer index">Euro health consumer index</a> the Swedish score for technically excellent healthcare services, which they rated 10th in Europe in 2015, is dragged down by access and waiting time problems, in spite of national efforts such as <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5rdgaranti" title="Vårdgaranti">Vårdgaranti</a>. It is claimed that there is a long tradition of steering patients away from their doctor unless they are really sick.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A shortage of medical personnel is a major problem.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Private_healthcare">Private healthcare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Private healthcare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Nima_Sanandaji" title="Nima Sanandaji">Nima Sanandaji</a>, at the end of 2017, 643,000 individuals in Sweden were fully covered by private health insurance, which is 6.5% of the population of Sweden. This is an increase of over half a million fully covered by private health insurance compared to 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticisms">Criticisms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Criticisms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Swedish health system is mainly effective but there are some problems within the system.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decentralized healthcare system in Sweden leads to this inefficiency, because of decentralization the counties are granted an extreme amount of flexibility. The coordination between regions and municipalities is affected because of this constant shifting and flexibility.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Variation between outcomes and access to care in different regions has been highlighted as a weakness of the system by <a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Health_and_Welfare_(Sweden)" title="National Board of Health and Welfare (Sweden)">Socialstyrelesen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent years the health care system of Sweden has been heavily criticized for not providing the same quality of health care to all Swedish citizens. The disparity of health care quality in Sweden is growing. Swedish citizens of other ethnicities than Swedish, and citizens who are of a lower socio-economic class, receive a significantly lower quality of health care than the rest of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was especially brought to light during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sweden" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, as Swedish media and public health researchers pointed out that Swedish citizens of other ethnicities than Swedish, and people living in working class areas, were dying from COVID-19 at a significantly higher rate than the rest of the population, due to the fact that they were not provided with the same quality of health care.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Health_and_Social_Care_Inspectorate_(Ivo)_report"><span id="The_Health_and_Social_Care_Inspectorate_.28Ivo.29_report"></span>The Health and Social Care Inspectorate (Ivo) report</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The Health and Social Care Inspectorate (Ivo) report"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2023 the IVO announced the results of its inspection of 27 hospitals around the country. This report concluded that the current system could not adequately guarantee patient safety in any of the hospitals inspected. Peder Carlsson, the unit chief at IVO who led the inspection said: “Patients do not get an acceptable amount of food, fluids or basic treatment, and according to our information, patients can be required to lie for several hours in their own faeces and urine.” Swedish news agency TT quoted Carlsson as saying: “This is a terrible situation, totally unacceptable and it is particularly striking that this is happening in the hospitals we have in our country".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/48px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/64px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sweden" title="Portal:Sweden">Sweden portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/12px-WHO_Rod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/18px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/24px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="250" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Medicine" title="Portal:Medicine">Medicine portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Sweden" title="Health in Sweden">Health in Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_compared" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care compared">Health care compared</a> - tabular comparisons with the US, Canada, and other countries not shown above.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5rdguiden_1177" title="Vårdguiden 1177">Vårdguiden 1177</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/economics/getting-better-value-for-money-from-sweden-s-healthcare-system_082725005676#.WiiR07pFxPY">"Getting Better Value for Money from Sweden's Healthcare System | OECD READ edition"</a>. <i>OECD iLibrary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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April 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expressen&rft.atitle=Corona+h%C3%A4rjar+bland+fattiga+%E2%80%93+rika+klarar+sig&rft.date=2020-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressen.se%2Fnyheter%2Fqs%2Fkoderna-avslojar-har-smittas-flest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHealthcare+in+Sweden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelocal.se/20230119/situation-in-swedens-hospitals-terrible-and-completely-unacceptable-watchdog">"Situation in Sweden's hospitals 'terrible and completely unacceptable': watchdog"</a>. <i>Local Sweden</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Local+Sweden&rft.atitle=Situation+in+Sweden%27s+hospitals+%27terrible+and+completely+unacceptable%27%3A+watchdog&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F20230119%2Fsituation-in-swedens-hospitals-terrible-and-completely-unacceptable-watchdog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHealthcare+in+Sweden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIVO.se" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">IVO.se. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ivo.se/aktuellt/nyheter/2023/ivos-nationella-sjukhustillsyn-patientsakerheten-kan-inte-garanteras/">"IVO:s nationella sjukhustillsyn: Patientsäkerheten kan inte garanteras"</a>. <i>IVO.se</i> (in Swedish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IVO.se&rft.atitle=IVO%3As+nationella+sjukhustillsyn%3A+Patients%C3%A4kerheten+kan+inte+garanteras&rft.au=IVO.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ivo.se%2Faktuellt%2Fnyheter%2F2023%2Fivos-nationella-sjukhustillsyn-patientsakerheten-kan-inte-garanteras%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHealthcare+in+Sweden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vardfokus.se/nyheter/bara-4-av-15-sjukhus-far-godkant-av-ivo-fortsatt-allvarliga-brister/">"Bara 4 av 15 sjukhus får godkänt av Ivo – fortsatt allvarliga brister"</a>. <i>www.vardfokus.se</i> (in Swedish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vardfokus.se&rft.atitle=Bara+4+av+15+sjukhus+f%C3%A5r+godk%C3%A4nt+av+Ivo+%E2%80%93+fortsatt+allvarliga+brister&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vardfokus.se%2Fnyheter%2Fbara-4-av-15-sjukhus-far-godkant-av-ivo-fortsatt-allvarliga-brister%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHealthcare+in+Sweden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Sweden&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Healthcare+in+Sweden">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Healthcare+in+Sweden&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vardguiden.se/">Vårdguiden (The Care Guide)</a> - EU-regulated health care website by the Stockholm health care system.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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<li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1523%E2%80%931611)" title="History of Sweden (1523–1611)">1523–1611</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1611%E2%80%931648)" title="History of Sweden (1611–1648)">Rise to become Great Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="Swedish Empire">Swedish Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">Great Northern War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Liberty" title="Age of Liberty">Age of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_1756" title="Coup of 1756">Coup of 1756</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_Crisis_(1768)" title="December Crisis (1768)">December Crisis (1768)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_1772" title="Revolution of 1772">Revolution of 1772</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavian_era" title="Gustavian era">Gustavian era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_1809" title="Coup of 1809">Coup of 1809</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway" title="Union between Sweden and Norway">Sweden–Norway union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_famine_of_1867%E2%80%931869" title="Swedish famine of 1867–1869">Famine of 1867–1869</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_the_late_19th_century" title="Sweden during the late 19th century">Modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrialization_of_Sweden" title="Industrialization of Sweden">Industrialization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_I" title="Sweden during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II" title="Sweden during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II_(timeline)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweden during World War II (timeline)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1945%E2%80%931967)" title="History of Sweden (1945–1967)">1945–1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1967%E2%80%931991)" title="History of Sweden (1967–1991)">1967–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1991%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Sweden (1991–present)">Since 1991</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sweden" title="Geography of Sweden">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden" title="List of cities in Sweden">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden" title="Counties of Sweden">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of Sweden">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_of_Sweden" title="Forests of Sweden">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Sweden" title="List of islands of Sweden">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Sweden" title="List of lakes of Sweden">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_of_Sweden" title="Lands of Sweden">Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Sweden" title="List of metropolitan areas in Sweden">Metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Sweden" title="List of national parks of Sweden">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden" title="Provinces of Sweden">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Sweden" title="List of rivers of Sweden">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Sweden" title="Wildlife of Sweden">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sweden" title="Politics of Sweden">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Sweden" title="Administrative divisions of Sweden">Administrative division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Sweden">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden" title="Elections in Sweden">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden" title="Foreign relations of Sweden">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Sweden" title="Human rights in Sweden">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Sweden">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sweden" title="Government of Sweden">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_agencies_in_Sweden" title="Government agencies in Sweden">State agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sweden" title="Judiciary of Sweden">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Sweden" title="Law of Sweden">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sweden" title="Law enforcement in Sweden">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riksdag" title="Riksdag">Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces" title="Swedish Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden" title="Monarchy of Sweden">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_neutrality" title="Swedish neutrality">Neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sweden" title="List of political parties in Sweden">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Sweden" title="Agriculture in Sweden">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Sweden" title="Automotive industry in Sweden">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Sweden" title="Energy in Sweden">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_Sweden" title="Income inequality in Sweden">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">Krona <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_labour_movement" title="Swedish labour movement">Labour unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehn%E2%80%93Meidner_model" title="Rehn–Meidner model">Rehn–Meidner model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Stockholm" title="Nasdaq Stockholm">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Sweden" title="Taxation in Sweden">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Sweden" title="Telecommunications in Sweden">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Sweden" title="Transport in Sweden">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Sweden" title="Tourism in Sweden">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Sweden" title="Category:Society of Sweden">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Sweden" title="Abortion in Sweden">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sweden" title="Censorship in Sweden">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Sweden" title="Crime in Sweden">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Sweden" title="Demographics of Sweden">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Sweden" title="Education in Sweden">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care in Sweden">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Sweden" title="Homelessness in Sweden">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Sweden" title="Human trafficking in Sweden">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Sweden" title="Immigration to Sweden">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Sweden" title="Languages of Sweden">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_counties_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Swedish counties by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedes" title="Swedes">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Sweden" title="Prostitution in Sweden">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_Sweden" title="Welfare in Sweden">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Sweden" title="Women in Sweden">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sweden" title="Culture of Sweden">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Du_gamla,_du_fria" title="Du gamla, du fria">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Sweden" title="Architecture of Sweden">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_art" title="Swedish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Sweden" title="Cinema of Sweden">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden" title="Coat of arms of Sweden">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_cuisine" title="Swedish cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_wine" title="Swedish wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_fashion" title="Swedish fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sweden" title="Flag of Sweden">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Sweden" title="Irreligion in Sweden">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_literature" title="Swedish literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Sweden">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sweden" title="Music of Sweden">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_Sweden" title="National Day of Sweden">National Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Sweden" title="Public holidays in Sweden">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Sweden" title="Sport in Sweden">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sweden" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Sweden">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Sweden" title="Outline of Sweden">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sweden" title="Category:Sweden">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sweden" title="Portal:Sweden">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Healthcare_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Healthcare_in_Europe" title="Template:Healthcare in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Healthcare_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Healthcare in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Healthcare_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Healthcare in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Healthcare_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Europe" title="Healthcare in Europe">Healthcare in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Albania" title="Healthcare in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Austria" title="Healthcare in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Azerbaijan" title="Healthcare in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Belarus" title="Healthcare in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Belgium" title="Healthcare in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Croatia" title="Healthcare in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Healthcare in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Denmark" title="Healthcare in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Estonia" title="Healthcare in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Finland" title="Healthcare in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Healthcare in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Germany" title="Healthcare in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Greece" title="Healthcare in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Hungary" title="Healthcare in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Iceland" title="Healthcare in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Healthcare in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Italy" title="Healthcare in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Kazakhstan" title="Healthcare in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Liechtenstein" title="Healthcare in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Luxembourg" title="Healthcare in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Malta" title="Healthcare in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Moldova" title="Healthcare in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_Netherlands" title="Healthcare in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Norway" title="Healthcare in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Portugal" title="Healthcare in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Romania" title="Healthcare in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Russia" title="Healthcare in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_San_Marino" title="Healthcare in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Serbia" title="Healthcare in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Slovakia" title="Healthcare in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Slovenia" title="Healthcare in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Switzerland" title="Healthcare in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Ukraine" title="Healthcare in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Healthcare in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Kosovo" title="Healthcare in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Jersey" title="Healthcare in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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