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src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b3/Ketanjijackson2.jpeg/50px-Ketanjijackson2.jpeg" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b3/Ketanjijackson2.jpeg/75px-Ketanjijackson2.jpeg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b3/Ketanjijackson2.jpeg/100px-Ketanjijackson2.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="980" /></a> <a href="/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">KETANJI BROWN JACKSON</a></li> <li><a href="/File:Elena_Kagan.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Elena Kagan.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6f/Elena_Kagan.jpg/50px-Elena_Kagan.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6f/Elena_Kagan.jpg/75px-Elena_Kagan.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6f/Elena_Kagan.jpg/100px-Elena_Kagan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1315" data-file-height="1753" /></a><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">ELENA KAGAN</a></li> <li><a href="/File:Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Judge Brett Kavanaugh2.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg/50px-Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg/75px-Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg/100px-Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="336" /></a><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">BRETT KAVANAUGH</a></li> <li><a href="/File:Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Sonia Sotomayor official.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b6/Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg/50px-Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b6/Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg/75px-Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b6/Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg/100px-Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1058" data-file-height="1410" /></a><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">SONIA SOTOMAYOR</a></li> <li><a href="/File:ClarenceThomas.jpg" class="image"><img alt="ClarenceThomas.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a4/ClarenceThomas.jpg/50px-ClarenceThomas.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a4/ClarenceThomas.jpg/75px-ClarenceThomas.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a4/ClarenceThomas.jpg/100px-ClarenceThomas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="217" data-file-height="290" /></a><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">CLARENCE THOMAS</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_and_courts" title="United States Supreme Court cases and courts">CASES BY TERM</a> <ul><li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2024-2025" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2024-2025">Supreme Court cases, October term 2024-2025</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2023-2024" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2023-2024">Supreme Court cases, October term 2023-2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2022-2023" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2022-2023">Supreme Court cases, October term 2022-2023</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2021-2022" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2021-2022">Supreme Court cases, October term 2021-2022</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2018-2019" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019">Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2017-2018" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018">Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2016-2017" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017">Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2015-2016" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2015-2016">Supreme Court cases, October term 2015-2016</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_and_courts" title="United States Supreme Court cases and courts">All earlier cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/History_of_the_Supreme_Court" title="History of the Supreme Court">HISTORY OF THE COURT</a> <ul><li><a href="/United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_and_courts#Cases_by_chief_justice" title="United States Supreme Court cases and courts">Cases by chief justice</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_and_courts#Cases_by_decade" title="United States Supreme Court cases and courts">Cases by decade</a></li></ul></li> <li>Recent vacancies <ul><li><a href="/Supreme_Court_vacancy,_2022" title="Supreme Court vacancy, 2022">2022 VACANCY AND JACKSON CONFIRMATION</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_vacancy,_2020" title="Supreme Court vacancy, 2020">2020 VACANCY AND BARRETT CONFIRMATION</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_vacancy,_2018:_An_overview" title="Supreme Court vacancy, 2018: An overview">2018 VACANCY AND KAVANAUGH CONFIRMATION</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_vacancy,_2017:_An_overview" title="Supreme Court vacancy, 2017: An overview">2017 VACANCY AND GORSUCH CONFIRMATION</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center; width:20%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e"><big><b><a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States"><span style="color:#ee971e;">SCOTUS</span></a></b><big> </big></big></th></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/File:Seal_of_SCOTUS.png" class="image"><img alt="Seal of SCOTUS.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Seal_of_SCOTUS.png/135px-Seal_of_SCOTUS.png" decoding="async" width="135" height="135" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Seal_of_SCOTUS.png/203px-Seal_of_SCOTUS.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Seal_of_SCOTUS.png/270px-Seal_of_SCOTUS.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="360" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e">Cases by term </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="SingleDropdown"><select id="dropdownOne" class="styled-dropdown"><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2024-2025">2024-2025 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2023-2024">2023-2024 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2022-2023">2022-2023 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2021-2022">2021-2022 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">2020-2021 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">2019-2020 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019">2018-2019 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018">2017-2018 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017">2016-2017 term</option><option value="Supreme Court cases, October term 2015-2016">2015-2016 term</option></select><button value="Submit" class="form-control" text="Submit">Submit</button></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e">Judgeships </th></tr> <tr> <td><small><b>Posts:</b> 9</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><b>Judges:</b> 9</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e">Judges </th></tr> <tr> <td><small><b>Chief:</b> <a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><b>Active:</b> <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> • <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> • <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> • <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> • <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> • <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> • <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> • <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p><p>The <a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> is the highest judicial body in the country and leads the judicial branch of the federal government. It is often referred to by the acronym <b>SCOTUS</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> </p><p>The Supreme Court began hearing cases for the term on October 5, 2020. The court's yearly term begins on the first Monday in October and lasts until the first Monday in October the following year. The court generally releases the majority of its decisions in mid-June.<sup id="cite_ref-overview_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-2">[2]</a></sup> </p><p>The court heard all oral arguments in cases accepted for the term remotely via teleconference and provided live audio streams of the argument sessions. The court made the decision in accordance with public health guidance in response to COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-pr916_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr916-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tc20_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tc20-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jantele_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jantele-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-febsit2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-febsit2-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-march_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-march-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-may_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-may-8">[8]</a></sup> <a href="#Response_to_the_coronavirus_pandemic">Click here</a> for more information about the court's response to the <a href="/Ballotpedia:Political_responses_to_the_coronavirus_(COVID-19)_pandemic,_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Political responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">coronavirus pandemic</a>. </p><p><br /> The court <b>issued 67 opinions</b> during its 2020-2021 term. Two cases were decided in one consolidated opinion. Ten cases were decided without argument. <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#Cases_by_date_of_opinion" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">Click here</a> for more information on the court's opinions. </p><p>The court <b>agreed to hear 62 cases</b> during its 2020-2021 term. Of those, 12 were originally scheduled for the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">2019-2020 term</a> but were delayed due to the <a href="/Ballotpedia:Political_responses_to_the_coronavirus_(COVID-19)_pandemic,_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Political responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">coronavirus pandemic</a>. Five cases were <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#Cases_removed_from_argument_calendar" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">removed from the argument calendar</a>. </p><p><br /> See the sections below for additional information on the October 2020 term of the Supreme Court of the United States. </p> <ol><li><b><a href="#Cases_by_circuit">Cases by circuit</a></b>: This section lists the cases being heard by <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The court where the case began. For example, if SCOTUS grants a writ of certiorari to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit, the 9th Circuit is the court of origination. </p>">court of origination</span> (e.g., federal appellate courts, federal district courts, state courts, etc.).</li> <li><b><a href="#Cases_by_sitting">Cases by sitting</a></b>: This section lists the cases being heard by date of oral argument.</li> <li><b><a href="#Cases_by_date_of_opinion">Cases by date of opinion</a></b>: This section lists the cases by the date the court released an opinion.</li> <li><b><a href="#Noteworthy_court_announcements">Noteworthy court announcements and emergency appeals</a></b>: This section provides details on noteworthy court announcements and emergency appeals.</li> <li><b><a href="#Term_data">Term data</a></b>: This section provides information on the cases SCOTUS decided, including case names, decisions, vote totals, opinion authors, and courts of origination. It also includes information on <a href="/SCOTUS_case_reversal_rates_(2007_-_Present)" title="SCOTUS case reversal rates (2007 - Present)">SCOTUS case reversal rates</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="#Case_history">Case history</a></b>: This section provides information on previous SCOTUS terms.</li></ol> <p><br /> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Cases_by_circuit">Cases by circuit</span></h2> <p><a href="/Article_III,_United_States_Constitution" title="Article III, United States Constitution">Article III, Section 2</a> of the <a href="/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a> establishes the court's jurisdiction. The court has <a href="/Original_jurisdiction" title="Original jurisdiction">original jurisdiction</a>—when it is the first and only to hear a case—and <a href="/Appellate_jurisdiction" title="Appellate jurisdiction">appellate jurisdiction</a>—when it reviews the decisions of lower courts.<sup id="cite_ref-pro_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pro-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>Parties petition SCOTUS to hear a case if they are not satisfied with a lower court's decision. The parties petition the court to grant a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i>. A writ of certiorari is an "order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal."<sup id="cite_ref-pro_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pro-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Circuits">Circuits</span></h3> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="1st_Circuit">1st Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Caniglia_v._Strom" title="Caniglia v. Strom">Caniglia v. Strom</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="2nd_Circuit">2nd Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/FNU_Tanzin_v._Tanvir" title="FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir">FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir</a></i></li> <li><i>Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i><a href="/Goldman_Sachs_Group_Inc._v._Arkansas_Teacher_Retirement_System" title="Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System">Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="3rd_Circuit">3rd Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Fulton_v._City_of_Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" title="Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Carney_v._Adams" title="Carney v. Adams">Carney v. Adams</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/FCC_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" title="FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project">FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/National_Association_of_Broadcasters_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project">National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Sanchez_v._Mayorkas" title="Sanchez v. Mayorkas">Sanchez v. Mayorkas</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Mahanoy_Area_School_District_v._B.L." title="Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.">Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/PennEast_Pipeline_Co._v._New_Jersey" title="PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey">PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="4th_Circuit">4th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Albence_v._Guzman_Chavez" class="mw-redirect" title="Albence v. Guzman Chavez">Albence v. Guzman Chavez</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/BP_P.L.C._v._Mayor_and_City_Council_of_Baltimore" title="BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore">BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Gary" title="United States v. Gary">United States v. Gary</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="5th_Circuit">5th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Salinas_v._United_States_Railroad_Retirement_Board" title="Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board">Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/California_v._Texas" title="California v. Texas">California v. Texas</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Texas v. California</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Edwards_v._Vannoy" title="Edwards v. Vannoy">Edwards v. Vannoy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Henry_Schein_Inc._v._Archer_and_White_Sales_Inc._(2020)" title="Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc. (2020)">Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Collins_v._Yellen" title="Collins v. Yellen">Collins v. Yellen</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Yellen v. Collins</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Mnuchin v. Collins</i>)</li> <li><i>Taylor v. Riojas</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i>Mckesson v. Doe</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i><a href="/City_of_San_Antonio,_Texas_v._Hotels.com,_L.P." title="City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P.">City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P.</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="6th_Circuit">6th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Borden_v._United_States" title="Borden v. United States">Borden v. United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Brownback_v._King" title="Brownback v. King">Brownback v. King</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/CIC_Services_v._Internal_Revenue_Service" title="CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service">CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Niz-Chavez_v._Garland" title="Niz-Chavez v. Garland">Niz-Chavez v. Garland</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup></li> <li><i>Mays v. Hines</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="7th_Circuit">7th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/City_of_Chicago,_Illinois_v._Fulton" title="City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton">City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="8th_Circuit">8th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Pereida_v._Barr" title="Pereida v. Barr">Pereida v. Barr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Rutledge_v._Pharmaceutical_Care_Management_Association" title="Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association">Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="9th_Circuit">9th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_v._Sierra_Club" title="U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v._Doe_I" title="Nestlé USA v. Doe I">Nestlé USA v. Doe I</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Cargill v. Doe I</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Facebook_v._Duguid" title="Facebook v. Duguid">Facebook v. Duguid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/AMG_Capital_Management,_LLC_v._Federal_Trade_Commission" title="AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission">AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Garland_v._Dai" title="Garland v. Dai">Garland v. Dai</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Garland v. Alcaraz-Enriquez</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Brnovich_v._Democratic_National_Committee" title="Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee">Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Wolf_v._Innovation_Law_Lab" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolf v. Innovation Law Lab">Wolf v. Innovation Law Lab</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Trump_v._Sierra_Club" title="Trump v. Sierra Club">Trump v. Sierra Club</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Cooley" title="United States v. Cooley">United States v. Cooley</a></i></li> <li><i>Shinn v. Kayer</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i><a href="/TransUnion_LLC_v._Ramirez" title="TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez">TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association_v._Alston" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston">National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>American Athletic Conference v. Alston</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Cedar_Point_Nursery_v._Hassid" title="Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid">Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Palomar-Santiago" title="United States v. Palomar-Santiago">United States v. Palomar-Santiago</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Americans_for_Prosperity_v._Bonta" title="Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta">Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Thomas More Law Center v. Bonta</i>)</li> <li><i>Tandon v. Newsom</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i>Alaska v. Wright</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="10th_Circuit">10th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Torres_v._Madrid" title="Torres v. Madrid">Torres v. Madrid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Carr_v._Saul" title="Carr v. Saul">Carr v. Saul</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Davis v. Saul</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/HollyFrontier_Cheyenne_Refining,_LLC_v._Renewable_Fuels_Association" title="HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association">HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association</a></i></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="11th_Circuit">11th Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Van_Buren_v._United_States" title="Van Buren v. United States">Van Buren v. United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Uzuegbunam_v._Preczewski" title="Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski">Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Greer_v._United_States" title="Greer v. United States">Greer v. United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Terry_v._United_States" title="Terry v. United States">Terry v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="D.C._Circuit">D.C. Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Republic_of_Hungary_v._Simon" title="Republic of Hungary v. Simon">Republic of Hungary v. Simon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Federal_Republic_of_Germany_v._Philipp" title="Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp">Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Department_of_Justice_v._House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="Department of Justice v. House Committee on the Judiciary">Department of Justice v. House Committee on the Judiciary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Cochran_v._Gresham" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochran v. Gresham">Cochran v. Gresham</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Arkansas v. Gresham</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Yellen_v._Confederated_Tribes_of_the_Chehalis_Reservation" title="Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation">Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Alaska Native Village Corporation Association v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Guam_v._United_States" title="Guam v. United States">Guam v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="Federal_Circuit">Federal Circuit</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Arthrex" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Arthrex">United States v. Arthrex Inc.</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Smith & Nephew Inc. v. Arthrex Inc.</i> and <i>Arthrex Inc. v. Smith & Nephew Inc.</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Minerva_Surgical_Inc._v._Hologic_Inc." title="Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.">Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="Armed_Forces">Armed Forces</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Collins">United States v. Collins</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>United States v. Briggs</i>)</li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="State_and_district_courts">State and district courts</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Jones_v._Mississippi" title="Jones v. Mississippi">Jones v. Mississippi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Montana_Eighth_Judicial_District_Court" title="Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court">Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Lange_v._California" title="Lange v. California">Lange v. California</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Trump_v._New_York" title="Trump v. New York">Trump v. New York</a></i></li></ul> <h1><span class="mw-headline" id="Original_jurisdiction">Original jurisdiction</span></h1> <ul><li><i><a href="/Texas_v._New_Mexico" title="Texas v. New Mexico">Texas v. New Mexico</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Florida_v._Georgia" title="Florida v. Georgia">Florida v. Georgia</a></i></li></ul> <div id="stopHeaderTabs" style="display:none;"></div> <h3><span id="Where_are_the_cases_coming_from.3F"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Where_are_the_cases_coming_from?">Where are the cases coming from?</span></h3> <table class="wikitable collapsible sortable" style="background:none; text-align:center; width:auto; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#2b3773; color: white;">List of cases by court of origination - 2020-2021 term </th></tr> <tr> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Court </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Number of cases </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_1st_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 1st Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 1st Circuit</a></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_2nd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit</a></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_3rd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit</a></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_4th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit</a></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit</a></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_6th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit</a></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_7th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit</a></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_8th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit</a></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit</a></td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_10th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit</a></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_11th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit</a></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit</a></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Armed_Forces" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces">United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces</a></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/State_courts" title="State courts">State and district courts</a></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/Original_jurisdiction" title="Original jurisdiction">Original jurisdiction</a></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b></td> <td>62 </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="8" style="text-align:left; line-height:135%;"><small><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/grantednotedlist/20grantednotedlist"><b>Source</b>: <i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Granted & noted list: October term 2020 cases for argument," accessed February 27, 2020</a></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Geographic_boundaries">Geographic boundaries</span></h3> <p>Select a region to learn more about its court of appeals. </p> <center><div class="noresize"><map name="ImageMap_1b7758e8ac5510ad"><area href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_1st_Circuit" shape="poly" 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cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" width="205"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Beyond_the_Headlines" title="Ballotpedia's Beyond the Headlines"><img alt="Beyond the Headlines - Title Banner.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a3/Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png/250px-Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="38" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a3/Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png/375px-Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a3/Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png/500px-Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png 2x" data-file-width="4168" data-file-height="626" /></a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="float:right"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" width="205"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="thumb embedvideo autoResize" style="width: 258px;"><div class="embedvideo autoResize" style=""><div class="embedvideowrap youtube" style="width: 250px"><iframe loading="lazy" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" modestbranding="1" width="250" height="141" src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/https"></iframe></div></div></div><span style="font-size:80%">Beyond The Headlines: SCOTUS 101.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><span style="font-size:80%">View other episodes <a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Beyond_the_Headlines" title="Ballotpedia's Beyond the Headlines">here</a>.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Cases_by_sitting">Cases by sitting</span></h2> <p>SCOTUS' term is divided into <i>sittings</i>, when the justices hear cases.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="October_sitting">October sitting</span></h3> <p><u>October 5, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Carney_v._Adams" title="Carney v. Adams">Carney v. Adams</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Texas_v._New_Mexico_(2019)" title="Texas v. New Mexico (2019)">Texas v. New Mexico</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>October 6, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Rutledge_v._Pharmaceutical_Care_Management_Association" title="Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association">Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/FNU_Tanzin_v._Tanvir" title="FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir">FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>October 7, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Montana_Eighth_Judicial_District_Court" title="Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court">Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Bandemer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer">Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer</a></i>)</li></ul> <p><u>October 13, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Briggs" title="United States v. Briggs">United States v. Briggs</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/United_States_v._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Collins">United States v. Collins</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/City_of_Chicago,_Illinois_v._Fulton" title="City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton">City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>October 14, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Torres_v._Madrid" title="Torres v. Madrid">Torres v. Madrid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Pereida_v._Barr" title="Pereida v. Barr">Pereida v. Barr</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="November_sitting">November sitting</span></h3> <p><u>November 2, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_v._Sierra_Club" title="U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Salinas_v._United_States_Railroad_Retirement_Board" title="Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board">Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>November 3, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Jones_v._Mississippi" title="Jones v. Mississippi">Jones v. Mississippi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Borden_v._United_States" title="Borden v. United States">Borden v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>November 4, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Fulton_v._City_of_Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" title="Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>November 9, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Niz-Chavez_v._Garland" title="Niz-Chavez v. Garland">Niz-Chavez v. Garland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Brownback_v._King" title="Brownback v. King">Brownback v. King</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>November 10, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/California_v._Texas" title="California v. Texas">California v. Texas</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Texas v. California</i>)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="December_sitting">December sitting</span></h3> <p><u>November 30, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Van_Buren_v._United_States" title="Van Buren v. United States">Van Buren v. United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Trump_v._New_York" title="Trump v. New York">Trump v. New York</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 1, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v._Doe_I" title="Nestlé USA v. Doe I">Nestlé USA v. Doe I</a></i> (Consolidated <i>Cargill v. Doe I</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/CIC_Services_v._Internal_Revenue_Service" title="CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service">CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 2, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Edwards_v._Vannoy" title="Edwards v. Vannoy">Edwards v. Vannoy</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 7, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Republic_of_Hungary_v._Simon" title="Republic of Hungary v. Simon">Republic of Hungary v. Simon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Federal_Republic_of_Germany_v._Philipp" title="Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp">Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 8, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Facebook_v._Duguid" title="Facebook v. Duguid">Facebook v. Duguid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Henry_Schein_Inc._v._Archer_and_White_Sales_Inc._(2020)" title="Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc. (2020)">Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc.</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 9, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Collins_v._Yellen" title="Collins v. Yellen">Collins v. Yellen</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Yellen v. Collins</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Mnuchin v. Collins</i>)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="January_sitting">January sitting</span></h3> <p><u>January 11, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Johnson_v._Guzman_Chavez" title="Johnson v. Guzman Chavez">Johnson v. Guzman Chavez</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><u>January 12, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Uzuegbunam_v._Preczewski" title="Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski">Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>January 13, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/AMG_Capital_Management,_LLC_v._Federal_Trade_Commission" title="AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission">AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>January 19, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/FCC_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" title="FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project">FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/National_Association_of_Broadcasters_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project">National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/BP_P.L.C._v._Mayor_and_City_Council_of_Baltimore" title="BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore">BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="February_sitting">February sitting</span></h3> <p><u>February 22, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Florida_v._Georgia" title="Florida v. Georgia">Florida v. Georgia</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>February 23, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Garland_v._Dai" title="Garland v. Dai">Garland v. Dai</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Garland v. Alcaraz-Enriquez</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>February 24, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Lange_v._California" title="Lange v. California">Lange v. California</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 1, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Arthrex_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Arthrex Inc.">United States v. Arthrex Inc.</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Smith & Nephew Inc. v. Arthrex Inc.</i> and <i>Arthrex Inc. v. Smith & Nephew Inc.</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>March 2, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Brnovich_v._Democratic_National_Committee" title="Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee">Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>March 3, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Carr_v._Saul" title="Carr v. Saul">Carr v. Saul</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Davis v. Saul</i>)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="March_sitting">March sitting</span></h3> <p><u>March 22, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Cedar_Point_Nursery_v._Hassid" title="Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid">Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 23, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Cooley" title="United States v. Cooley">United States v. Cooley</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 24, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Caniglia_v._Strom" title="Caniglia v. Strom">Caniglia v. Strom</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 29, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Goldman_Sachs_Group_Inc._v._Arkansas_Teacher_Retirement_System" title="Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System">Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 30, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/TransUnion_LLC_v._Ramirez" title="TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez">TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 31, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association_v._Alston" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston">National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>American Athletic Conference v. Alston</i>)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="April_sitting">April sitting</span></h3> <p><u>April 19, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Yellen_v._Confederated_Tribes_of_the_Chehalis_Reservation" title="Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation">Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Alaska Native Village Corporation Association v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Sanchez_v._Mayorkas" title="Sanchez v. Mayorkas">Sanchez v. Mayorkas</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><u>April 20, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Greer_v._United_States" title="Greer v. United States">Greer v. United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Gary" title="United States v. Gary">United States v. Gary</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 21, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/City_of_San_Antonio,_Texas_v._Hotels.com,_L.P." title="City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P.">City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P. </a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Minerva_Surgical_Inc._v._Hologic_Inc." title="Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.">Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 26, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Americans_for_Prosperity_v._Bonta" title="Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta">Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Thomas More Law Center v. Bonta</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Guam_v._United_States" title="Guam v. United States">Guam v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 27, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/HollyFrontier_Cheyenne_Refining,_LLC_v._Renewable_Fuels_Association" title="HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association">HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Palomar-Santiago" title="United States v. Palomar-Santiago">United States v. Palomar-Santiago</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 28, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Mahanoy_Area_School_District_v._B.L." title="Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.">Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/PennEast_Pipeline_Co._v._New_Jersey" title="PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey">PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="May_sitting">May sitting</span></h3> <p><u>May 4, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Terry_v._United_States" title="Terry v. United States">Terry v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cases_removed_from_argument_calendar">Cases removed from argument calendar</span></h3> <ul><li><i><a href="/Department_of_Justice_v._House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="Department of Justice v. House Committee on the Judiciary">Department of Justice v. House Committee on the Judiciary</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Trump_v._Sierra_Club" title="Trump v. Sierra Club">Trump v. Sierra Club</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Mayorkas_v._Innovation_Law_Lab" title="Mayorkas v. Innovation Law Lab">Mayorkas v. Innovation Law Lab</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Cochran_v._Gresham" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochran v. Gresham">Cochran v. Gresham</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Arkansas v. Gresham</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cancel_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cancel-27">[27]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cases_originally_scheduled_for_the_2019-2020_term">Cases originally scheduled for the 2019-2020 term</span></h3> <p>The following cases were originally scheduled for the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">2019-2020 term</a> but were postponed to the 2020-2021 term due to the <a href="/Coronavirus" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronavirus">coronavirus pandemic</a>. </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Briggs" title="United States v. Briggs">United States v. Briggs</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/United_States_v._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Collins">United States v. Collins</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/FNU_Tanzin_v._Tanvir" title="FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir">FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Carney_v._Adams" title="Carney v. Adams">Carney v. Adams</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Torres_v._Madrid" title="Torres v. Madrid">Torres v. Madrid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Pereida_v._Barr" title="Pereida v. Barr">Pereida v. Barr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/City_of_Chicago,_Illinois_v._Fulton" title="City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton">City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Texas_v._New_Mexico_(2019)" title="Texas v. New Mexico (2019)">Texas v. New Mexico</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Montana_Eighth_Judicial_District_Court" title="Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court">Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Bandemer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer">Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Rutledge_v._Pharmaceutical_Care_Management_Association" title="Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association">Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cases_decided_without_argument">Cases decided without argument</span></h3> <ul><li><i>Taylor v. Riojas</i></li> <li><i>Mckesson v. Doe</i></li> <li><i>Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo</i></li> <li><i>Shinn v. Kayer</i></li> <li><i>Mays v. Hines</i></li> <li><i>Tandon v. Newsom</i></li> <li><i>Alaska v. Wright</i></li> <li><i>Lombardo v. City of St. Louis, Missouri</i></li> <li><i>Pakdel v. City and County of San Francisco, California</i></li> <li><i>Dunn v. Reeves</i></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Cases_by_date_of_opinion">Cases by date of opinion</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="October">October</span></h3> <p><i>The court did not deliver opinions in October.</i> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="November">November</span></h3> <p><u>November 2, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Taylor v. Riojas</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i>Mckesson v. Doe</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <p><u>November 25, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="December">December</span></h3> <p><u>December 10, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Rutledge_v._Pharmaceutical_Care_Management_Association" title="Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association">Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Collins">United States v. Collins</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/United_States_v._Briggs" title="United States v. Briggs">United States v. Briggs</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Carney_v._Adams" title="Carney v. Adams">Carney v. Adams</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/FNU_Tanzin_v._Tanvir" title="FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir">FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 14, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Shinn v. Kayer</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i><a href="/Texas_v._New_Mexico_(2019)" title="Texas v. New Mexico (2019)">Texas v. New Mexico</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>December 18, 2020</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Trump_v._New_York" title="Trump v. New York">Trump v. New York</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="January">January</span></h3> <p><u>January 14, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/City_of_Chicago,_Illinois_v._Fulton" title="City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton">City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>January 25, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Henry_Schein_Inc._v._Archer_and_White_Sales_Inc._(2020)" title="Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc. (2020)">Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc.</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="February">February</span></h3> <p><u>February 3, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Salinas_v._United_States_Railroad_Retirement_Board" title="Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board">Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Republic_of_Hungary_v._Simon" title="Republic of Hungary v. Simon">Republic of Hungary v. Simon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Federal_Republic_of_Germany_v._Philipp" title="Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp">Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>February 25, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Brownback_v._King" title="Brownback v. King">Brownback v. King</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="March">March</span></h3> <p><u>March 4, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_v._Sierra_Club" title="U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Pereida_v._Barr" title="Pereida v. Barr">Pereida v. Barr</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 8, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Uzuegbunam_v._Preczewski" title="Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski">Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 25, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Montana_Eighth_Judicial_District_Court" title="Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court">Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Torres_v._Madrid" title="Torres v. Madrid">Torres v. Madrid</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>March 29, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Mays v. Hines</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="April">April</span></h3> <p><u>April 1, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Florida_v._Georgia" title="Florida v. Georgia">Florida v. Georgia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/FCC_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" title="FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project">FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/National_Association_of_Broadcasters_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project">National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Facebook_v._Duguid" title="Facebook v. Duguid">Facebook v. Duguid</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 5, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 9, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Tandon v. Newsom</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <p><u>April 22, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Jones_v._Mississippi" title="Jones v. Mississippi">Jones v. Mississippi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Carr_v._Saul" title="Carr v. Saul">Carr v. Saul</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Davis v. Saul</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/AMG_Capital_Management,_LLC_v._Federal_Trade_Commission" title="AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission">AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>April 26, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Alaska v. Wright</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <p><u>April 29, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Niz-Chavez_v._Garland" title="Niz-Chavez v. Garland">Niz-Chavez v. Garland</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="May">May</span></h3> <p><u>May 17, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Edwards_v._Vannoy" title="Edwards v. Vannoy">Edwards v. Vannoy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/BP_P.L.C._v._Mayor_and_City_Council_of_Baltimore" title="BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore">BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/CIC_Services_v._Internal_Revenue_Service" title="CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service">CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Caniglia_v._Strom" title="Caniglia v. Strom">Caniglia v. Strom</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>May 24, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Palomar-Santiago" title="United States v. Palomar-Santiago">United States v. Palomar-Santiago</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Guam_v._United_States" title="Guam v. United States">Guam v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>May 27, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/City_of_San_Antonio,_Texas_v._Hotels.com,_L.P." title="City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P.">City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P. </a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="June">June</span></h3> <p><u>June 1, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Garland_v._Dai" title="Garland v. Dai">Garland v. Dai</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Garland v. Alcaraz-Enriquez</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Cooley" title="United States v. Cooley">United States v. Cooley</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>June 3, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Van_Buren_v._United_States" title="Van Buren v. United States">Van Buren v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>June 7, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Sanchez_v._Mayorkas" title="Sanchez v. Mayorkas">Sanchez v. Mayorkas</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>June 10, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Borden_v._United_States" title="Borden v. United States">Borden v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>June 14, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Greer_v._United_States" title="Greer v. United States">Greer v. United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Gary" title="United States v. Gary">United States v. Gary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Terry_v._United_States" title="Terry v. United States">Terry v. United States</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>June 17, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Fulton_v._City_of_Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" title="Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/California_v._Texas" title="California v. Texas">California v. Texas</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Texas v. California</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v._Doe_I" title="Nestlé USA v. Doe I">Nestlé USA v. Doe I</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Cargill v. Doe I</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>June 21, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Goldman_Sachs_Group_Inc._v._Arkansas_Teacher_Retirement_System" title="Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System">Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association_v._Alston" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston">National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>American Athletic Conference v. Alston</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/United_States_v._Arthrex_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Arthrex Inc.">United States v. Arthrex Inc.</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Smith & Nephew Inc. v. Arthrex Inc.</i> and <i>Arthrex Inc. v. Smith & Nephew Inc.</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>June 23, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Lange_v._California" title="Lange v. California">Lange v. California</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Collins_v._Yellen" title="Collins v. Yellen">Collins v. Yellen</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Yellen v. Collins</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Mahanoy_Area_School_District_v._B.L." title="Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.">Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Cedar_Point_Nursery_v._Hassid" title="Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid">Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid</a></i></li></ul> <p><u>June 25, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/TransUnion_LLC_v._Ramirez" title="TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez">TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/HollyFrontier_Cheyenne_Refining,_LLC_v._Renewable_Fuels_Association" title="HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association">HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/Yellen_v._Confederated_Tribes_of_the_Chehalis_Reservation" title="Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation">Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Alaska Native Village Corporation Association v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>June 28, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Lombardo v. City of St. Louis, Missouri</i> (Decided without argument)</li> <li><i>Pakdel v. City and County of San Francisco, California</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <p><u>June 29, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Johnson_v._Guzman_Chavez" title="Johnson v. Guzman Chavez">Johnson v. Guzman Chavez</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/Minerva_Surgical_Inc._v._Hologic_Inc." title="Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.">Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/PennEast_Pipeline_Co._v._New_Jersey" title="PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey">PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey</a></i></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="July">July</span></h3> <p><u>July 1, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/Brnovich_v._Democratic_National_Committee" title="Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee">Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/Americans_for_Prosperity_v._Bonta" title="Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta">Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Thomas More Law Center v. Bonta</i>)</li></ul> <p><u>July 2, 2021</u> </p> <ul><li><i>Dunn v. Reeves</i> (Decided without argument)</li></ul> <p> </p><div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351706778-0"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351706778-0'); }); </script> </div><div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3050" class="publirAds"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3050") {googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3050");} });});</script></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Response_to_the_coronavirus_pandemic">Response to the coronavirus pandemic</span></h2> <table style="width:225px; background:#F0F0F0; border:1px solid #ccc; float:right; padding:5px; margin:5px; text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color: #F6F6F6; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #A0A0A0; color:white; font-size:130%;"><a href="/Documenting_America%27s_Path_to_Recovery" title="Documenting America's Path to Recovery"><img alt="Covid vnt.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/ec/Covid_vnt.png/150px-Covid_vnt.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="75" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/ec/Covid_vnt.png/225px-Covid_vnt.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/ec/Covid_vnt.png/300px-Covid_vnt.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="250" /></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #F6F6F6; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #A0A0A0; color:white; font-size:130%;"><a href="/Documenting_America%27s_Path_to_Recovery" title="Documenting America's Path to Recovery">Coronavirus pandemic</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #F6F6F6; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #A0A0A0; color:white%;"><small> Select a topic from the dropdown below to learn more.<br /><div class="SingleDropdown"><select id="dropdownOne" class="styled-dropdown"><option value="Political responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Political responses overview</option><option value="State government plans to reopen after the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020 ">State reopening plans</option><option value="Documenting America's Path to Recovery">Documenting America's Path to Recovery</option><option value="Changes to election dates, procedures, and administration in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Election changes</option><option value="Changes to vote-by-mail and absentee voting procedures in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Changes to vote-by-mail and absentee voting procedures</option><option value="Federal government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Federal responses</option><option value="State government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">State responses</option><option value="Executive orders issued by governors and state agencies in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">State executive orders</option><option value="States with lockdown and stay-at-home orders in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Stay-at-home orders</option><option value="Multistate agreements to reopen after the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Multistate agreements</option><option value="Non-governmental plans to reopen during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Non-governmental reopening plans</option><option value="Changes to rent, mortgage, eviction, and foreclosure policies in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Evictions and foreclosures policies</option><option value="Travel restrictions issued by states in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Travel restrictions</option><option value="State laws in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Enacted state legislation</option><option value="Changes to state legislative session dates in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">State legislative session changes</option><option value="School responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic during the 2019-2020 academic year">School closures</option><option value="State court closures in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">State court closures</option><option value="Prison inmate release responses in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Inmate releases</option><option value="Local government responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Local government responses</option><option value="Politicians, candidates, and government officials diagnosed with or quarantined due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">Diagnosed or quarantined politicians</option><option value="Changes to ballot measure campaigns, procedures, and policies in response to the 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</th></tr> </tbody></table><p><br /> </p><dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Documenting_America%27s_Path_to_Recovery" title="Documenting America's Path to Recovery">Documenting America's Path to Recovery</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Changes_to_argument_and_opinion_schedule">Changes to argument and opinion schedule</span></h3> <h4><span id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_April.2C_May_sittings"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_April,_May_sittings">Court announces teleconferences for April, May sittings</span></h4> <p>On April 9, 2021, the court announced it would hear oral arguments via teleconference for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#April_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">April</a> and <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#May_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">May</a> sittings. The arguments followed the same format the court used for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#March_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">March sitting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-may_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-may-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-april_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-april-31">[31]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_March_sitting">Court announces teleconferences for March sitting</span></h4> <p>On February 24, 2021, the court announced it would hear oral arguments via teleconference for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#March_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">March</a> sitting. The arguments followed the same format the court used for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#February_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">February sitting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-march_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-march-7">[7]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_February_sitting">Court announces teleconferences for February sitting</span></h4> <p>On January 22, 2021, the court announced it would hear oral arguments via teleconference for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#February_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">February</a> sitting. The arguments followed the same format the court used for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#January_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">January sitting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-febsit2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-febsit2-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-feb_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feb-32">[32]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_January_sitting">Court announces teleconferences for January sitting</span></h4> <p>On January 5, 2021, the court announced it would hear oral arguments via teleconference for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#January_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">January</a> sitting. The arguments followed the same format the court used for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#December_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">December sitting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jantele_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jantele-5">[5]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_November_and_December_sittings">Court announces teleconferences for November and December sittings</span></h4> <p>On October 9, 2020, the court announced it would hear oral arguments via teleconference for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#November_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">November</a> and <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#December_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">December</a> sittings. The arguments followed the same format the court used for its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#October_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">October 2020</a> and <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020#May_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">May 2019</a> sittings.<sup id="cite_ref-tc20_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tc20-4">[4]</a></sup> <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#November_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">Click here</a> for more information on the cases the court decided to hear in November and December 2020. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_teleconferences_for_October_sitting">Court announces teleconferences for October sitting</span></h4> <p>On September 16, 2020, the court announced it would hear oral arguments via teleconference for its October sitting following the same format that was used during its <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020#May_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">May sitting</a> in the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">2019-2020 term</a>. The court announced that a live audio feed would be made available to the public as it was during the 2019-2020 May sitting.<sup id="cite_ref-pr916_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr916-3">[3]</a></sup> <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021#October_sitting" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021">Click here</a> for more information on the cases the court decided to hear in October 2020. </p><p>For more information on the court's response to the coronavirus pandemic during its October 2019-2020 term, <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020#Response_to_the_coronavirus_pandemic" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">click here</a>. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Noteworthy_court_announcements">Noteworthy court announcements</span></h2> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab1" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in October 2021.</a><div id="tab1" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Justice_Sotomayor_denies_request_to_halt_enforcement_of_New_York_City_vaccine_mandate">Justice Sotomayor denies request to halt enforcement of New York City vaccine mandate</span></h4> <ul><li><b>October 1, 2021:</b> Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> denied a request from four teachers and teaching assistants in New York City to halt enforcement of the city’s vaccine mandate for public school employees pending the results of their legal challenge in lower courts. The mandate requires that public school employees must be vaccinated for COVID-19 by October 1, or be placed on unpaid leave until September 2022. The challengers alleged that the mandate is discriminatory on the basis that some city employees may remain employed without being vaccinated if they receive weekly coronavirus tests. The request was denied without being referred to the full court. Justice Sotomayor was the assigned circuit justice in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Justice_Kavanaugh_tests_positive_for_coronavirus">Justice Kavanaugh tests positive for coronavirus</span></h4> <ul><li><b>October 1, 2021:</b> SCOTUS announced that Justice <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> tested positive for coronavirus. The court stated that Kavanaugh tested positive on Thursday, September 30, following a routine test, adding that he was asymptomatic and had been fully vaccinated since January 2021. Kavanaugh would not attend the October 1 investiture ceremony for Justice <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a>. Kavanaugh and the other eight justices had tested negative as of Monday, September 27, prior to the justices’ conference.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab2" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in September 2021.</a><div id="tab2" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_rejects_appeal_to_block_execution">Court rejects appeal to block execution</span></h4> <ul><li><b>September 28, 2021:</b> In the case <i>Rhoades v. Martinez</i>, SCOTUS rejected an appeal to block the execution of Texas inmate Rick Rhoades. Rhoades was sentenced to death after being convicted in the 1991 stabbing deaths of two brothers. After the court turned down Rhoades' appeal, Rhoades was executed by lethal injection.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_postpones_execution">Court postpones execution</span></h4> <ul><li><b>September 8, 2021:</b> In the case <i><a href="/Ramirez_v._Collier" title="Ramirez v. Collier">Ramirez v. Collier</a></i>, SCOTUS granted John Ramirez's application for a stay of execution and granted a petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> to hear arguments in the case on its merits docket during the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2021-2022" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2021-2022">2021-2022 term</a>. Ramirez was sentenced to death for a murder conviction. Ramirez requested to have his pastor be permitted to pray aloud and physically touch him in the execution chamber while the sentence was carried out. The State of Texas refused the request. Ramirez argued that the denial was a violation of his constitutional rights and of federal protections for inmates' religious rights. The state argued that it did not force Ramirez to violate his religion, rather it declined to accommodate all of his religious needs.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab3" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in August 2021.</a><div id="tab3" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_rejects_emergency_appeal_to_Texas_law_banning_abortions_after_six_weeks_of_pregnancy">Court rejects emergency appeal to Texas law banning abortions after six weeks of pregnancy</span></h4> <ul><li><b>August 31, 2021-September 1, 2021:</b> SCOTUS did not respond to an emergency appeal filed by a group of abortion providers seeking to block enforcement of a Texas law that banned abortion procedures after six weeks of pregnancy and authorized private civil right of action related to violations of the law. The latter authorization allowed private citizens to bring civil actions against individuals for aiding a patient with getting an abortion. The bill, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legiscan.com/TX/text/SB8/2021">S.B. 8</a>, was signed into law on May 19, 2021, by <a href="/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">Governor</a> <a href="/Greg_Abbott" title="Greg Abbott">Greg Abbott</a> (R). The appellants argued that the law violated the Supreme Court’s rulings in <i><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://casetext.com/case/roe-v-wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i> (1973) and <i><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://casetext.com/case/planned-parenthood-of-southeastern-pennsylvania-v-casey-casey-v-planned-parenthood-of-southeastern-pennsylvania">Planned Parenthood v. Casey</a></i> (1992), establishing the constitutional right to have an abortion before the point of fetal viability approximately 24 weeks into a pregnancy. The emergency appeal was submitted through the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit</a> to Justice <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a>, who was assigned to the circuit and responsible for reviewing emergency appeals. As the circuit justice, Alito was authorized to respond to the request himself or refer the matter to the full court for consideration.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>On September 1, the court issued a 5-4 ruling denying the request to block enforcement of the Texas law. In the unsigned opinion, the court ruled:<sup id="cite_ref-wwhjope_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwhjope-47">[47]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></sup></dd></dl> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">The applicants now before us have raised serious questions regarding the constitutionality of the Texas law at issue. But their application also presents complex and novel antecedent procedural questions on which they have not carried their burden. ... And it is unclear whether the named defendants in this lawsuit can or will seek to enforce the Texas law against the applicants in a manner that might permit our intervention. ... The State has represented that neither it nor its executive employees possess the authority to enforce the Texas law either directly or indirectly. Nor is it clear whether, under existing precedent, this Court can issue an injunction against state judges asked to decide a lawsuit under Texas’s law. Finally, the sole private-citizen respondent before us has filed an affidavit stating that he has no present intention to enforce the law. In light of such issues, we cannot say the applicants have met their burden to prevail in an injunction or stay application. In reaching this conclusion, we stress that we do not purport to resolve definitively any jurisdictional or substantive claim in the applicants’ lawsuit. In particular, this order is not based on any conclusion about the constitutionality of Texas’s law, and in no way limits other procedurally proper challenges to the Texas law, including in Texas state courts.<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /><br /> </p> <dl><dd>Chief Justice <a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> and Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, and <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> would have granted the application and filed dissenting opinions.<sup id="cite_ref-wwhjope_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwhjope-47">[47]</a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dd>In his dissent, joined by Justices Breyer and Kagan, Chief Justice Roberts wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-wwhjope_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwhjope-47">[47]</a></sup></dd></dl> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">The statutory scheme before the Court is not only unusual, but unprecedented. The legislature has imposed a prohibition on abortions after roughly six weeks, and then <p>essentially delegated enforcement of that prohibition to the populace at large. The desired consequence appears to be to insulate the State from responsibility for implementing and enforcing the regulatory regime. ...<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </p> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Chief Justice <a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>In his dissent, joined by Justices Sotomayor and Kagan, Justice Breyer wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-wwhjope_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwhjope-47">[47]</a></sup></dd></dl> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">I recognize that Texas’s law delegates the State’s power to prevent abortions not to one person (such as a district attorney) or to a few persons (such as a group of government officials or private citizens) but to any person. But I do not see why that fact should make a critical legal difference. That delegation still threatens to invade a constitutional right, and the coming into effect of that delegation still threatens imminent harm.<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Justice <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>In her dissent, joined by Justices Breyer and Kagan, Justice Sotomayor wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-wwhjope_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwhjope-47">[47]</a></sup></dd></dl> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">The Court’s order is stunning. Presented with an application to enjoin a flagrantly unconstitutional law engineered to prohibit women from exercising their constitutional rights and evade judicial scrutiny, a majority of Justices have opted to bury their heads in the sand. Last night, the Court silently acquiesced in a State’s enactment of a law that flouts nearly 50 years of federal precedents. Today, the Court belatedly explains that it declined to grant relief because of procedural complexities of the State’s own invention. <i>Ante</i>, at 1. Because the Court’s failure to act rewards tactics designed to avoid judicial review and inflicts significant harm on the applicants and on women seeking abortions in Texas, I dissent.<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>In her dissent, joined by Justices Breyer and Sotomayor, Justice Kagan wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-wwhjope_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwhjope-47">[47]</a></sup></dd></dl> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">Without full briefing or argument, and after less than 72 hours’ thought, this Court greenlights the operation of Texas’s patently unconstitutional law banning most abortions. The Court thus rewards Texas’s scheme to insulate its law from judicial review by deputizing private parties to carry out unconstitutional restrictions on the State’s behalf. As of last night, and because of this Court’s ruling, Texas law prohibits abortions for the vast majority of women who seek them—in clear, and indeed undisputed, conflict with <i>Roe</i> and <i>Casey</i>. <p><br /> Today’s ruling illustrates just how far the Court’s “shadow-docket” decisions may depart from the usual principles of appellate process. That ruling, as everyone must agree, is of great consequence. Yet the majority has acted without any guidance from the Court of Appeals—which is right now considering the same issues. It has reviewed only the most cursory party submissions, and then only hastily. And it barely bothers to explain its conclusion—that a challenge to an obviously unconstitutional abortion regulation backed by a wholly unprecedented enforcement scheme is unlikely to prevail. In all these ways, the majority’s decision is emblematic of too much of this Court’s shadow-docket decisionmaking—which every day becomes more unreasoned, inconsistent, and impossible to defend. I respectfully dissent.<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </p> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Justice <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_issues_ruling_on_federal_eviction_moratorium">Court issues ruling on federal eviction moratorium</span></h4> <ul><li><b>August 26, 2021:</b> In a 6-3 <i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">per curiam</a></i> ruling, SCOTUS granted an application, filed by the Alabama Association of REALTORS <i>et al</i>, to vacate the nationwide moratorium on evictions of tenants living in a county experiencing substantial or high levels of COVID–19 transmission and who make declarations of financial need. The moratorium was imposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in response to the coronavirus pandemic. In the unsigned opinion, the court stated, "If a federally imposed eviction moratorium is to continue, Congress must specifically authorize it. The application to vacate stay presented to THE CHIEF JUSTICE and by him referred to the Court is granted." Justice <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> filed a dissenting opinion, joined by Justices <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, and <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>. In his dissent, Justice Breyer wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></sup></li></ul> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued an order that, in light of the rise of the COVID–19 Delta variant, temporarily prohibits certain evictions in high-transmission counties through October 3. Today, this Court, as an emergency matter, without full briefing or argument, blocks that order by vacating a lower court’s stay. I think the Court is wrong to do so, and I dissent.<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%"><cite style="font-style: normal;font-size: smaller; float: right;">—Justice <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h4><span id="Court_rejects_application_for_stay_of_Trump_administration_.22remain_in_Mexico.22_policy"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_rejects_application_for_stay_of_Trump_administration_"remain_in_Mexico"_policy">Court rejects application for stay of Trump administration "remain in Mexico" policy</span></h4> <ul><li><b>August 24, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied the Biden administration's application for a stay, or a halt, of a <a href="/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas</a> injunction requiring the reinstatement of a Trump administration program referred to as the "remain in Mexico" policy. The policy requires asylum seekers to remain in Mexico while awaiting a U.S. immigration court hearing. In the order, it was stated that Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, and <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> would have granted the application.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></sup></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Justice_Barrett_denies_request_for_injunction_of_groundbreaking_for_Obama_presidential_library">Justice Barrett denies request for injunction of groundbreaking for Obama presidential library</span></h4> <ul><li><b>August 20, 2021:</b> Justice <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> denied a request for an application for <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Relief from a court obtained via a judicial order commanding a party to either perform, or not perform, some action. </p>">injunctive relief</span> filed by Protect Our Parks, Inc. The application requested that the court block the groundbreaking construction and excavation related to building the Obama Presidential Center in Jackson Park in <a href="/Chicago,_Illinois" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></sup></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_issues_ruling_on_state_eviction_moratorium">Court issues ruling on state eviction moratorium</span></h4> <ul><li><b>August 12, 2021:</b> In a 6-3 <i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">per curiam</a></i> ruling, SCOTUS granted an application for <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Relief from a court obtained via a judicial order commanding a party to either perform, or not perform, some action. </p>">injunctive relief</span> filed by a group of landlords in New York. The application requested that the court lift part of a state moratorium on residential evictions–Part A of the COVID Emergency Eviction and Foreclosure Prevention Act (CEEFPA)–established in 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Justice <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> filed a dissenting opinion, joined by Justices <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> and <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chrvmar_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrvmar-56">[56]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sbcvm_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbcvm-57">[57]</a></sup> In his dissent, Justice Breyer stated:<sup id="cite_ref-chrvmar_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrvmar-56">[56]</a></sup></li></ul> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">First, the legal rights at issue in this case are not “indisputably clear.” <p>... Second, applicants have not shown that critical or exigent circumstances justify our intervention. </p><p>... Third, the public interest weighs in favor of respecting New York's "especially broad" latitude "to act in areas fraught with medical and scientific uncertainties."<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49">[49]</a></sup> </p> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Justice_Barrett_denies_request_related_to_university_vaccine_requirement">Justice Barrett denies request related to university vaccine requirement</span></h4> <ul><li><b>August 12, 2021:</b> Justice <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> denied a request for an application for <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Relief from a court obtained via a judicial order commanding a party to either perform, or not perform, some action. </p>">injunctive relief</span> filed by a group of students at Indiana University. The application requested that the court block the school’s COVID-19 vaccine requirement for students. The request was denied without being referred to the full court.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab4" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in June 2021.</a><div id="tab4" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_issues_ruling_on_CDC_eviction_moratorium">Court issues ruling on CDC eviction moratorium</span></h4> <ul><li><b>June 29, 2021:</b> In a 5-4 vote, SCOTUS allowed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) moratorium on evictions to remain in place through July 31, 2021, when the CDC planned to end the moratorium. In the case <i>Alabama Association of REALTORS v. Department of Health and Human Services</i>, the petitioner submitted an application to the court to vacate the stay. Justices <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Thomas</a>, <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a>, <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a>, and <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a> would grant the application. Justice <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> concurred in the judgment.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></sup></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Decision_not_to_hear_cases">Decision not to hear cases</span></h4> <ul><li><b>June 28, 2021:</b> <ul><li>SCOTUS denied review in the case <i>Standing Akimbo v. United States</i>. The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_10th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit</a> and concerned federal regulation and taxation of marijuana. Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> filed a dissenting opinion from the denial of review.<sup id="cite_ref-june2821_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-june2821-61">[61]</a></sup></li> <li>SCOTUS also denied review in the case <i>Hernandez v. Peery</i>. The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit</a> and concerned whether the Ninth Circuit erred by denying a certificate of appealability when lower court judges were divided as to the merits of the case's constitutional question. Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> filed a dissenting opinion from the denial of review.<sup id="cite_ref-june2821_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-june2821-61">[61]</a></sup></li> <li>SCOTUS denied a petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> in the case <i>Gloucester County School Board v. Grimm, Gavin</i>. The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_4th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit</a> and concerned whether Title IX requires schools to allow transgender students to use restrooms that correspond to their gender identities. Justices Thomas and <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> would have granted the petition for review.<sup id="cite_ref-june2821_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-june2821-61">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab5" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in May 2021.</a><div id="tab5" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Decision_not_to_hear_a_case">Decision not to hear a case</span></h4> <ul><li><b>May 24, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied a petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> in the case <i>Johnson v. Precythe</i>. The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_8th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit</a> and concerned death-row inmate Ernest Johnson's request to alter his method of execution from lethal injection to a firing squad and contest that the latter is a more humane method of execution in his case. Johnson was missing nearly one-fifth of his brain tissue due to surgical treatment of a brain tumor. He said that the drugs used for lethal injection would risk him severe and protracted seizures.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></sup> Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> filed a dissenting opinion from the denial of review, joined by Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> and <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>. Justice Breyer also filed a separate dissent.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></sup></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Decision_not_to_hear_a_case_2">Decision not to hear a case</span></h4> <ul><li><b>May 3, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied a petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> in the case <i>Doe v. United States</i>. The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_2nd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit</a> and concerned whether a U.S. Military Academy at West Point student-cadet who alleged they were raped by a fellow cadet can sue the federal government under the Federal Tort Claims Act. Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> filed a dissenting opinion from the denial of review.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab6" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in April 2021.</a><div id="tab6" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span id="Court_blocks_California_state.27s_restrictions_on_in-home_religious_gatherings"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_blocks_California_state's_restrictions_on_in-home_religious_gatherings">Court blocks California state's restrictions on in-home religious gatherings</span></h3> <ul><li><b>April 9, 2021:</b> In <i>Tandon v. Newsom</i>, SCOTUS granted an injunction blocking <a href="/California" title="California">California</a> from enforcing restrictions on in-home religious gatherings that had been imposed due to the coronavirus pandemic. Justice <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> wrote a dissenting opinion, joined by Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> and <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, concluding that because the California law treated both secular and religious in-home gatherings equally, the injunction should be denied.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Decision_not_to_hear_a_case_3">Decision not to hear a case</span></h3> <ul><li><b>April 5, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied a petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> in the case <i>Small v. Memphis Light, Gas & Water</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-smalldock_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smalldock-68">[68]</a></sup> The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit</a>. The <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A party petitioning an appellate court to consider its case. </p>">petitioner</span> was Jason Small, a Jehovah’s Witness, who claimed that his employer, Memphis Light, Gas & Water, had violated his civil rights. Small had requested to take vacation time in order to attend religious services and his employer denied the request. Small left work and attended the religious services. Small was suspended without pay for two days following this and other incidents.<sup id="cite_ref-smallpet_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smallpet-69">[69]</a></sup> Under Title VII of the <a href="/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a>, employers are required to accommodate religious employees so long as the accommodations do not cause "undue hardship." In the case <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/cases/1976/75-1126"><i>Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison</i></a>, SCOTUS interpreted the meaning of "undue hardship" to be "more than a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p><i>de minimis</i> refers to something that is too trivial or minor to warrant consideration. </p>">de minimis</span></i> cost."<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></sup> Small asked the court to reconsider the <i>Hardison</i> ruling. The court denied the petition for review. Justice <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> filed a dissent from the denial of review and was joined by Justice <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_issues_order_in_Trump_tweet_case">Court issues order in Trump tweet case</span></h3> <ul><li><b>April 5, 2021:</b> SCOTUS <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit's</a> ruling in <i>Biden v. Knight First Amendment Institute</i> and remanded the case back to the 2nd Circuit so that the case could be dismissed as <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>An issue having no practical significance, but which is academic or hypothetical. </p>">moot</span> due to the change in presidential administrations. When the case was first accepted for arguments, it was named <i>Trump v. Knight First Amendment Institute</i>. The case concerned whether President <a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (R) violated the <a href="/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> when he blocked critics on social media platform Twitter while he was president. Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> filed a concurring opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab7" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in March 2021.</a><div id="tab7" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_conducts_first_in-person_conference_since_spring_2020">Court conducts first in-person conference since spring 2020</span></h3> <ul><li><b>March 19, 2021:</b> The Supreme Court's Public Information Office reported that most of the justices met in person at the court for their regular conference, while some justices participated remotely. A conference is a private meeting of the justices.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_announces_all_justices_have_been_vaccinated">Court announces all justices have been vaccinated</span></h3> <ul><li><b>March 5, 2021:</b> The Supreme Court's Public Information Office reported that all nine justices had been vaccinated against COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_grants_dismissal_in_case">Court grants dismissal in case</span></h3> <ul><li><b>March 4, 2021:</b> The Department of Justice advised SCOTUS that the case <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/20-666.html"><i>Wilkinson v. City and County of San Francisco</i></a>, which concerned sanctuary cities, should be dismissed. The parties agreed and SCOTUS dismissed the petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab8" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in February 2021.</a><div id="tab8" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_review_in_cases">Court denies review in cases</span></h3> <ul><li><b>February 22, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied review in the case <i>Bridge Aina Le'a, LLC v. Hawaii Land Use Commission</i>, which involved legal theory regarding regulatory takings. Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> filed a dissenting opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-222ol_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222ol-77">[77]</a></sup></li> <li><b>February 22, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied review in the cases <i>Republican Party of Pennsylvania v. Graffenreid</i> and <i>Corman v. Pennsylvania Democratic Party</i> and dismissed the cases as <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>An issue having no practical significance, but which is academic or hypothetical. </p>">moot</span>. The cases concerned the <a href="/Pennsylvania_Supreme_Court" title="Pennsylvania Supreme Court">Pennsylvania Supreme Court's</a> extension of the mail-in ballot deadline during the <a href="/Presidential_election,_2020" title="Presidential election, 2020">2020 presidential election</a>. Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> filed a dissenting opinion. Justice <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> also filed a dissenting opinion, joined by Justice <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-222ol_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222ol-77">[77]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_allows_release_of_Trump_tax_returns">Court allows release of Trump tax returns</span></h3> <ul><li><b>February 22, 2021:</b> SCOTUS allowed the release of former President Trump's (R) tax returns to New York prosecutors.<sup id="cite_ref-222ol_77-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222ol-77">[77]</a></sup> For more information on this case, <a href="/Trump_v._Vance" title="Trump v. Vance">click here</a>.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_request_to_vacate_stay_of_execution">Court denies request to vacate stay of execution</span></h3> <ul><li><b>February 11, 2021:</b> In the case <i>Dunn v. Smith</i>, SCOTUS ruled that the stay of execution for Alabama man Willie Smith must stay in place unless the state allows Smith to have his pastor with him during his execution, upholding the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit's</a> ruling, which had blocked Alabama from executing Smith. Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> would grant the application. Justices <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, and <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> concurred in the denial of the application to vacate the stay of execution.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab9" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in January 2021.</a><div id="tab9" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_allows_deportation_of_Haitian_immigrant">Court allows deportation of Haitian immigrant</span></h3> <ul><li><b>January 22, 2021:</b> Haitian national Alex Francois entered the United States unlawfully in 1979. He has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, psychosis, and schizophrenia. In 2019, an <a href="/Immigration_judge" title="Immigration judge">immigration judge</a> granted Francois' application to stay, or halt, his deportation. The Board of Immigration Appeals <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> the case and the immigration judge <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> its previous ruling and ordered Francois' removal back to Haiti. Francois appealed the decision to the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit</a>. The immigration officials moved to deport Francois before he could submit his opening brief to the court. Francois filed an emergency appeal with SCOTUS to stop his removal to Haiti and the application was denied. Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> filed a dissenting opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_grants_Trump_administration_request_to_reinstate_medication_abortion_requirement">Court grants Trump administration request to reinstate medication abortion requirement</span></h3> <ul><li><b>January 12, 2021:</b> SCOTUS granted the Trump administration's request to reinstate the requirement that mifepristone, a pill used to induce abortion, must be picked up from a health care provider in person. The rule had been waived on July 13, 2020, in federal district court in accordance with public health guidelines related to the coronavirus pandemic. Chief Justice <a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> concurred in the judgment. Justice <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> would deny the application. Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> wrote a dissenting opinion, joined by Justice <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_request_for_stay_of_execution">Court denies request for stay of execution</span></h3> <ul><li><b>January 12, 2021:</b> Lisa Montgomery was convicted of murder in 2008. Montgomery was sentenced to death. In January 2021, Montgomery appealed the sentence and the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> granted a stay of execution. SCOTUS reversed the D.C. Circuit's stay order. Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, and <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> said they would have upheld the stay. In a separate case, Montgomery appealed her execution with the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit</a> and the court granted the stay. SCOTUS reversed the 8th Circuit's stay order.<sup id="cite_ref-montsb_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montsb-81">[81]</a></sup> On January 12, SCOTUS denied Montgomery's application for a stay of execution and for review in her case.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></sup> Montgomery was the first woman to be executed by the federal government since 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-montsb_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montsb-81">[81]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_review_in_case">Court denies review in case</span></h3> <ul><li><b>January 11, 2021:</b> SCOTUS denied review in the case <i>Bruni v. City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</i>, involving "buffer zones" surrounding abortion clinics.<sup id="cite_ref-bpp_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bpp-86">[86]</a></sup> Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> wrote in a statement that he agreed with the court's decision and said that the court should take up the issue in a future case.<sup id="cite_ref-bpp_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bpp-86">[86]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_request_to_stop_electoral_vote_certification">Court denies request to stop electoral vote certification</span></h3> <ul><li><b>January 7, 2021:</b> SCOTUS rejected Rep. <a href="/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">Louie Gohmert's</a> (R-TX) appeal to stop the certification of the electoral votes from the <a href="/Presidential_election,_2020" title="Presidential election, 2020">2020 presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab10" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in December 2020.</a><div id="tab10" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span id="Court_lifts_Colorado_state.E2.80.99s_limits_on_attendance_at_religious_services"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_lifts_Colorado_state’s_limits_on_attendance_at_religious_services">Court lifts Colorado state’s limits on attendance at religious services</span></h3> <ul><li><b>December 15, 2020:</b> SCOTUS blocked the State of <a href="/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> from enforcing attendance limits on religious gatherings that had been imposed due to the coronavirus pandemic. Justice <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> wrote a dissenting opinion, joined by Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> and <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>, concluding that the case was <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>An issue having no practical significance, but which is academic or hypothetical. </p>">moot</span> because Colorado had already lifted the capacity limits.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_review_in_cases_2">Court denies review in cases</span></h3> <ul><li><b>December 14, 2020:</b> SCOTUS denied review in the case <i>Schwab v. Fish</i>, which asked the court to consider whether federal law and the <a href="/U.S._Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Constitution">U.S. Constitution</a> prohibit the state of <a href="/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> from requiring applicants registering to vote to provide proof of U.S. citizenship. Justice Gorsuch took no part in the consideration or decision of the petition.<sup id="cite_ref-dec14_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dec14-89">[89]</a></sup></li> <li>The court also denied review in the case <i>Box v. Henderson</i>, which presented the following question: "May a State, consistent with the Fourteenth Amendment due process and equal protection clauses, may adopt a biology-based birth-certificate system that includes a rebuttable presumption that a birth mother’s husband — but not wife — is the child’s biological parent?"<sup id="cite_ref-dec14_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dec14-89">[89]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_rejects_complaint_to_overturn_2020_presidential_election_results_in_four_states">Court rejects complaint to overturn 2020 presidential election results in four states</span></h3> <ul><li><b>December 11, 2020:</b> In <i>Texas v. Pennsylvania</i>, SCOTUS rejected Texas' application to overturn the <a href="/Presidential_election,_2020" title="Presidential election, 2020">2020 presidential election</a> results in <a href="/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a>, <a href="/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, and <a href="/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>. The court said Texas did not have legal standing for its complaint and rendered all other related motions as <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>An issue having no practical significance, but which is academic or hypothetical. </p>">moot</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_request_for_stay_of_execution_2">Court denies request for stay of execution</span></h3> <ul><li><b>December 10, 2020:</b> Brandon Bernard was an inmate in federal prison who was sentenced to death for his involvement in a carjacking and murder of two youth ministers in Fort Hood, Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-bbsb_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbsb-93">[93]</a></sup> In an emergency appeal from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeal for the 5th Circuit</a>, Bernard petitioned SCOTUS to stay his execution, alleging that the federal government was able to procure the death sentence in his case by withholding exculpatory evidence and knowingly eliciting false testimony against him.<sup id="cite_ref-bb_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb-94">[94]</a></sup> The application was presented to the full court by Justice <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a>. The court denied the request to stay the execution. Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, and <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> would have granted the application and the petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> and Justice Sotomayor wrote a dissenting opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-bb_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb-94">[94]</a></sup> Bernard was the ninth person to be executed by the federal government since July 2020, when the Trump administration lifted a moratorium on the federal death penalty that was instituted in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-bbsb_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbsb-93">[93]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_request_to_block_Pennsylvania_from_certifying_2020_presidential_election_results">Court denies request to block Pennsylvania from certifying 2020 presidential election results</span></h3> <ul><li><b>December 8, 2020:</b> SCOTUS denied Rep. <a href="/Mike_Kelly_(Pennsylvania)" title="Mike Kelly (Pennsylvania)">Mike Kelly's</a> (R-PA) request to block the State of <a href="/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> from certifying the <a href="/Presidential_election,_2020" title="Presidential election, 2020">2020 presidential election</a> results.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_denies_review_in_case_2">Court denies review in case</span></h3> <ul><li><b>December 7, 2020:</b> SCOTUS denied review in the case <i>Kentucky v. White</i>, which asked the court whether a capital defendant can waive a claim of intellectual disability under <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://casetext.com/case/atkins-v-virginia-3"><i>Atkins v. Virginia</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab11" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in November 2020.</a><div id="tab11" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span id="Court_lifts_New_York_state.E2.80.99s_limits_on_attendance_at_religious_services"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_lifts_New_York_state’s_limits_on_attendance_at_religious_services">Court lifts New York state’s limits on attendance at religious services</span></h3> <ul><li><b>November 25, 2020:</b> In a 5-4 vote, SCOTUS blocked New York State from enforcing attendance limits on religious gatherings that had been imposed due to the coronavirus pandemic. Earlier in November, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn and two Orthodox Jewish synagogues filed lawsuits against executive orders issued in October by New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D) which limited the number of worshippers to 10 and 25 people in areas classified as red or orange, respectively, due to the number of COVID-19 cases in the immediate area. The five members of the majority were Justices <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a>, <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a>, <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a>, and <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a>. The <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a87_4g15.pdf">majority opinion</a> was not signed, and Gorsuch and Kavanaugh filed separate concurring opinions. Chief Justice <a href="/John_G._Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="John G. Roberts">John Roberts</a> and Justice <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> filed dissenting opinions, with Breyer’s opinion joined by justices <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, and <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a>.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tab12" style="background:#eee;">Click here for the court's noteworthy announcements in October 2020.</a><div id="tab12" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h3><span id="Court_reinstates_Alabama.27s_prohibition_against_curbside_voting"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_reinstates_Alabama's_prohibition_against_curbside_voting">Court reinstates Alabama's prohibition against curbside voting</span></h3> <ul><li><b>October 21, 2020:</b> In a 5-3 vote, SCOTUS <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a67_3e04.pdf">reinstated</a> Alabama's prohibition against curbside voting. On Sept. 30, Judge <a href="/Abdul_Kallon" title="Abdul Kallon">Abdul Kallon</a> of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama issued an original order lifting the state's ban on curbside voting. Kallon was appointed by President Barack Obama (D) in 2010. On Oct. 13, a three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit unanimously affirmed Kallon's ruling. The panel included Judges <a href="/Adalberto_Jordan" title="Adalberto Jordan">Adalberto Jordan</a>, <a href="/Jill_Pryor" title="Jill Pryor">Jill Pryor</a>, and <a href="/Barbara_Lagoa" title="Barbara Lagoa">Barbara Lagoa</a>. Jordan and Pryor are Obama appointees. Lagoa was appointed by President Donald Trump (R). Alabama Secretary of State John Merrill (R) petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court to block Kallon's order. Chief Justice John Roberts and Associate Justices Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Neil Gorsuch, and Brett Kavanaugh <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a67_3e04.pdf">voted</a> in Merrill's favor. Associate Justices Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan dissented. The court majority did not release an opinion explaining its reasoning. Sotomayor wrote a <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a67_3e04.pdf">dissent</a>, which Breyer and Kagan joined. The five justices in the majority were appointed by Republican presidents. The dissenting justices are Democratic appointees.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Denied_application_for_stay">Denied application for stay</span></h3> <ul><li><b>October 19, 2020:</b> In a 4-4 decision, SCOTUS denied an application to stay a ruling from the <a href="/Pennsylvania_Supreme_Court" title="Pennsylvania Supreme Court">Pennsylvania Supreme Court</a>. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court's ruling had extended the deadline to return mail-in/absentee ballots to three days after Election Day. The <a href="/Republican_Party_of_Pennsylvania" title="Republican Party of Pennsylvania">Republican Party of Pennsylvania</a> and Republican legislators petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court on September 28, 2020, to block part of the ruling. Chief Justice <a href="/John_G._Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="John G. Roberts">John Roberts</a>, and Associate Justices <a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, and <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> allowed the ruling to stand. Justices <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a>, <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a>, <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>, and <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a>, indicated they would have granted the application.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span id="Court_rules_Trump_administration_can_stop_census_data_collection_on_Oct._15.2C_2020"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Court_rules_Trump_administration_can_stop_census_data_collection_on_Oct._15,_2020">Court rules Trump administration can stop census data collection on Oct. 15, 2020</span></h3> <ul><li><b>October 13, 2020:</b> SCOTUS blocked an order from a lower court that would have required the Trump administration to continue collecting <a href="/United_States_census,_2020" title="United States census, 2020">2020 census</a> data through the end of October. The <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals</a> had ruled that census data gathering should continue, but the administration argued that they needed to conclude the count so they could meet the statutory deadline to report the results to the president by December 31.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></sup> Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sotomayor</a> dissented from the Supreme Court's decision, saying "the harms associated with an inaccurate census are avoidable and intolerable.”<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></sup> The Trump administration shut down the My2020Census.gov website on October 15, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></sup></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Decision_not_to_hear_a_case_4">Decision not to hear a case</span></h3> <ul><li><b>October 5, 2020:</b> SCOTUS denied a petition for a <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A court's written order commanding the recipient to either do or refrain from doing a specified act. </p>">writ</span></i> of <i><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>Latin for 'to be more fully informed.' It is an 'order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal.'&lt;ref&gt;<a target='_blank' rel='noreferrer noopener' class='external text' href='https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf'><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, 'Understanding the Federal Courts,' accessed May 23, 2019</a>&lt;/ref&gt; </p>">certiorari</span></i> in the case <i>Davis v. Ermold</i>. The case originated from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit</a>. The <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>A party petitioning an appellate court to consider its case. </p>">petitioner</span> was Kim Davis, a former county clerk in <a href="/Rowan_County,_Kentucky" title="Rowan County, Kentucky">Rowan County, Kentucky</a>. Davis, in her official capacity as county clerk, refused to issue marriage licenses for same-sex couples citing her religious beliefs. Davis' decision occurred after the Supreme Court's ruling in <i><a href="/Obergefell_v._Hodges" title="Obergefell v. Hodges">Obergefell v. Hodges</a></i> (2015).<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></sup> Davis was sued by two same-sex couples for refusing to issue the marriage licenses. On appeal to the 6th Circuit, Davis' claim of <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>'Specifically, qualified immunity protects a government official from lawsuits alleging that the official violated a plaintiff's rights, only allowing suits where officials violated a “clearly established” statutory or constitutional right.' </p>">qualified immunity</span> was rejected.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></sup> Justice <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Thomas</a> issued a statement on the denial of <i>certiorari</i> and was joined by Justice <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a>. <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-926/129526/20200122151847786_Petition.pdf">Click here</a> to read the statement. <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/19-926.html">Click here</a> for more information on the case <i>Davis v. Ermold</i>.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Term_data">Term data</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="List_of_cases">List of cases</span></h3> <p>The 2020-2021 term of the Supreme Court of the United States began on October 5, 2020. The following table provides data on the decisions the court delivered during the 2020-2021 term. </p> <table class="bptable sortable" style="background:none; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5" style="background-color:#334aab; color:#f0a236;"><i>2020-2021 SCOTUS term data</i> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#00AF8C; color: white;">Case </th> <th style="background-color:#00AF8C; color: white;">Opinion author </th> <th style="background-color:#00AF8C; color: white;">Decision </th> <th style="background-color:#00AF8C; color: white;">Vote </th> <th style="background-color:#00AF8C; color: white;">Court of origination </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Taylor v. Riojas</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td>granted, <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>7-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mckesson v. Doe</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td>granted, <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>7-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td>application for injunctive relief granted </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_2nd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit">2nd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Rutledge_v._Pharmaceutical_Care_Management_Association" title="Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association">Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_8th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit">8th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/United_States_v._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Collins">United States v. Collins</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/United_States_v._Briggs" title="United States v. Briggs">United States v. Briggs</a></i>) </td> <td><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Armed_Forces" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces">United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Carney_v._Adams" title="Carney v. Adams">Carney v. Adams</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_3rd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit">3rd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/FNU_Tanzin_v._Tanvir" title="FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir">FNU Tanzin v. Tanvir</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>8-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_2nd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit">2nd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Shinn v. Kayer</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Texas_v._New_Mexico_(2019)" title="Texas v. New Mexico (2019)">Texas v. New Mexico</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td>motion denied </td> <td>7-1 </td> <td><a href="/Original_jurisdiction" title="Original jurisdiction">Original jurisdiction</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Trump_v._New_York" title="Trump v. New York">Trump v. New York</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/Southern_District_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern District of New York">Southern District of New York</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/City_of_Chicago,_Illinois_v._Fulton" title="City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton">City of Chicago, Illinois v. Fulton</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_7th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit">7th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Henry_Schein_Inc._v._Archer_and_White_Sales_Inc._(2020)" title="Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc. (2020)">Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc.</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td>Dismissed </td> <td>NA </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Salinas_v._United_States_Railroad_Retirement_Board" title="Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board">Salinas v. United States Railroad Retirement Board</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Republic_of_Hungary_v._Simon" title="Republic of Hungary v. Simon">Republic of Hungary v. Simon</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">D.C. Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Federal_Republic_of_Germany_v._Philipp" title="Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp">Federal Republic of Germany v. Philipp</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">D.C. Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Brownback_v._King" title="Brownback v. King">Brownback v. King</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_6th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit">6th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_v._Sierra_Club" title="U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>7-2 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Pereida_v._Barr" title="Pereida v. Barr">Pereida v. Barr</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>5-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_8th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit">8th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Uzuegbunam_v._Preczewski" title="Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski">Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_11th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit">11th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Ford_Motor_Company_v._Montana_Eighth_Judicial_District_Court" title="Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court">Ford Motor Company v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Ford Motor Company v. Bandemer</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>8-0 </td> <td><a href="/Montana_Supreme_Court" title="Montana Supreme Court">Montana Supreme Court</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Torres_v._Madrid" title="Torres v. Madrid">Torres v. Madrid</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_10th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mays v. Hines</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>8-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_6th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit">6th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Florida_v._Georgia" title="Florida v. Georgia">Florida v. Georgia</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> </td> <td>Exceptions overruled, case dismissed </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/Original_jurisdiction" title="Original jurisdiction">Original jurisdiction</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/FCC_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" title="FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project">FCC v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i> (Consolidated with <i><a href="/National_Association_of_Broadcasters_v._Prometheus_Radio_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project">National Association of Broadcasters v. Prometheus Radio Project</a></i>) </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_3rd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit">3rd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Facebook_v._Duguid" title="Facebook v. Duguid">Facebook v. Duguid</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc.</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-2 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Tandon v. Newsom</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td>Application for injunctive relief granted </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Jones_v._Mississippi" title="Jones v. Mississippi">Jones v. Mississippi</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/Mississippi_Court_of_Appeals" title="Mississippi Court of Appeals">Mississippi Court of Appeals</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Carr_v._Saul" title="Carr v. Saul">Carr v. Saul</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Davis v. Saul</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_10th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit">10th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/AMG_Capital_Management,_LLC_v._Federal_Trade_Commission" title="AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission">AMG Capital Management, LLC v. Federal Trade Commission</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Alaska v. Wright</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Niz-Chavez_v._Garland" title="Niz-Chavez v. Garland">Niz-Chavez v. Garland</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_6th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit">6th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Edwards_v._Vannoy" title="Edwards v. Vannoy">Edwards v. Vannoy</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/BP_P.L.C._v._Mayor_and_City_Council_of_Baltimore" title="BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore">BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>7-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_4th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit">4th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/CIC_Services_v._Internal_Revenue_Service" title="CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service">CIC Services v. Internal Revenue Service</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_6th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit">6th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Caniglia_v._Strom" title="Caniglia v. Strom">Caniglia v. Strom</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_1st_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 1st Circuit">1st Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/United_States_v._Palomar-Santiago" title="United States v. Palomar-Santiago">United States v. Palomar-Santiago</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Guam_v._United_States" title="Guam v. United States">Guam v. United States</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">D.C. Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/City_of_San_Antonio,_Texas_v._Hotels.com,_L.P." title="City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P.">City of San Antonio, Texas v. Hotels.com, L.P.</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Garland_v._Dai" title="Garland v. Dai">Garland v. Dai</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Garland v. Alcaraz-Enriquez</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/United_States_v._Cooley" title="United States v. Cooley">United States v. Cooley</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Van_Buren_v._United_States" title="Van Buren v. United States">Van Buren v. United States</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_11th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit">11th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Sanchez_v._Mayorkas" title="Sanchez v. Mayorkas">Sanchez v. Mayorkas</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_3rd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit">3rd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Borden_v._United_States" title="Borden v. United States">Borden v. United States</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_6th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit">6th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Greer_v._United_States" title="Greer v. United States">Greer v. United States</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_11th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit">11th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/United_States_v._Gary" title="United States v. Gary">United States v. Gary</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>8-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_4th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit">4th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Terry_v._United_States" title="Terry v. United States">Terry v. United States</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_11th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit">11th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/California_v._Texas" title="California v. Texas">California v. Texas</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Texas v. California</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>7-2 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_5th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v._Doe_I" title="Nestlé USA v. Doe I">Nestlé USA v. Doe I</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Cargill v. Doe I</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Fulton_v._City_of_Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" title="Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_3rd_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit">3rd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/United_States_v._Arthrex_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Arthrex Inc.">United States v. Arthrex Inc.</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Smith & Nephew Inc. v. Arthrex Inc.</i> and <i>Arthrex Inc. v. Smith & Nephew Inc.</i>) </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Goldman_Sachs_Group_Inc._v._Arkansas_Teacher_Retirement_System" title="Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System">Goldman Sachs Group Inc. v. Arkansas Teacher Retirement System</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>8-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">2nd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association_v._Alston" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston">National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>American Athletic Conference v. Alston</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Lange_v._California" title="Lange v. California">Lange v. California</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/California_First_District_Court_of_Appeal" title="California First District Court of Appeal">California First District Court of Appeal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Collins_v._Yellen" title="Collins v. Yellen">Collins v. Yellen</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Yellen v. Collins</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> in part, <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> in part, <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> in part, and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>7-2 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">5th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Mahanoy_Area_School_District_v._B.L." title="Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.">Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court confirming a lower court's decision. </p>">affirmed</span> </td> <td>8-1 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">3rd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Cedar_Point_Nursery_v._Hassid" title="Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid">Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/TransUnion_LLC_v._Ramirez" title="TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez">TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/HollyFrontier_Cheyenne_Refining,_LLC_v._Renewable_Fuels_Association" title="HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association">HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Association</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Tenth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit">10th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Yellen_v._Confederated_Tribes_of_the_Chehalis_Reservation" title="Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation">Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Alaska Native Village Corporation Association v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">D.C. Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Lombardo v. City of St. Louis, Missouri</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_8th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit">8th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Pakdel v. City and County of San Francisco, California</i> </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>9-0 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Minerva_Surgical_Inc._v._Hologic_Inc." title="Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.">Minerva Surgical Inc. v. Hologic Inc.</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To void, cancel, nullify, or invalidate a verdict or judgment of a court. </p>">vacated</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Johnson_v._Guzman_Chavez" title="Johnson v. Guzman Chavez">Johnson v. Guzman Chavez</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">4th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/PennEast_Pipeline_Co._v._New_Jersey" title="PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey">PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>5-4 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">3rd Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Brnovich_v._Democratic_National_Committee" title="Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee">Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee</a></i> (Consolidated with <i>Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee</i>) </td> <td><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/Americans_for_Prosperity_v._Bonta" title="Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta">Americans for Prosperity v. Bonta</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a></sup> (Consolidated with <i>Thomas More Law Center v. Bonta</i>) </td> <td><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Dunn v. Reeves</i> (Decided without argument) </td> <td><i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">Per curiam</a></i> </td> <td><span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>The action of an appellate court overturning a lower court's decision. </p>">reversed</span> and <span class="simple-tooltip simple-tooltip-inline" data-simple-tooltip="<p>To return a case or claim to a lower court for additional proceedings. </p>">remanded</span> </td> <td>6-3 </td> <td><a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">11th Circuit</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Justice_alignment">Justice alignment</span></h3> <p>The following justice alignment table shows justice agreement rates for non-unanimous rulings during the 2020-2021 term. The data does not include agreements in part. </p><p><iframe title="Justice agreement rates, October Term 2020-2021" aria-label="Table" id="datawrapper-chart-FQP6R" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/FQP6R/1/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;" height="534" data-external="1"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].contentWindow===a.source){var i=a.data["datawrapper-height"][t]+"px";e[r].style.height=i}}}))}(); </script> </p> <ul><li>The highest agreement rate was 77 percent, which applied to the following pairing: <ul><li>Chief Justice <a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a> and Justice <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Justice <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> had the highest average agreement rate with each of the other eight justices at 57 percent</li></ul> <ul><li>The lowest agreement rate was 14 percent, which applied to the following pairing: <ul><li>Justices <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> and <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Justice <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> had the lowest average agreement rate with each of the other eight justices at 36 percent</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="SCOTUS_case_reversal_rates">SCOTUS case reversal rates</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/SCOTUS_case_reversal_rates_(2007_-_Present)" title="SCOTUS case reversal rates (2007 - Present)">SCOTUS case reversal rates (2007 - Present)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Since 2007, the Supreme Court of the United States released opinions in 1,062 cases, averaging between 70 and 90 cases per year. During that period, the Supreme Court reversed a lower court decision 751 times (70.7 percent) and affirmed a lower court decision 303 times (28.5 percent). The vast majority of cases heard by the high court originate in a lower court, such as the 13 appellate circuit courts, state-level courts, and federal district courts. Between 2007 and 2020, the high court decided more cases originating from the <a href="/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">Ninth Circuit</a> (207) than from any other circuit. </p><p>For more historical term data, <a href="/SCOTUS_case_reversal_rates_(2007_-_Present)" title="SCOTUS case reversal rates (2007 - Present)">click here</a>. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Active_justices">Active justices</span></h2> <dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></i></dd></dl> <p>The Supreme Court consists of nine justices. Associate Justice <a href="/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a> died on September 18, 2020. As such, the 2020-2021 term began with eight justices on October 5, 2020. </p><p>President <a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (R) nominated U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit Judge <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> to succeed Ginsburg. Barrett was confirmed by a 52-48 vote of the <a href="/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</a> on October 26, 2020. For more information on the 2020 U.S. Supreme Court vacancy and the process to confirm Judge Barrett, <b><a href="/Supreme_Court_vacancy,_2020" title="Supreme Court vacancy, 2020">click here</a></b>. </p> <table class="bptable gray sortable" width="75%" style="font-size:90%"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2">Judge</th><th>Born</th><th>Home</th><th width="75px">Appointed by</th><th>Active</th><th>Preceeded</th><th>Law school</th></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Alito.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Alito.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/3d/Alito.jpg/100px-Alito.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/3/3d/Alito.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="187" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a></b></td><td>April 1, 1950</td><td>Trenton, N.J.</td><td><a href="/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">W. Bush</a> </td><td>January 31, 2006 - Present</td><td><a href="/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a></td><td>Yale Law School, 1975</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Official_roberts_CJ.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Official roberts CJ.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/43/Official_roberts_CJ.jpg/100px-Official_roberts_CJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/43/Official_roberts_CJ.jpg/150px-Official_roberts_CJ.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/43/Official_roberts_CJ.jpg/200px-Official_roberts_CJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="523" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Chief justice <br /><b><a href="/John_Roberts_(Supreme_Court)" title="John Roberts (Supreme Court)">John Roberts</a></b></td><td>January 27, 1955</td><td>Buffalo, N.Y.</td><td><a href="/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">W. Bush</a> </td><td>September 29, 2005 - Present</td><td><a href="/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">William Rehnquist</a></td><td>Harvard Law, 1979</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:ClarenceThomas.jpg" class="image"><img alt="ClarenceThomas.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a4/ClarenceThomas.jpg/100px-ClarenceThomas.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a4/ClarenceThomas.jpg/150px-ClarenceThomas.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a4/ClarenceThomas.jpg/200px-ClarenceThomas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="217" data-file-height="290" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Clarence Thomas</a></b></td><td>June 23, 1948</td><td>Savannah, Ga.</td><td><a href="/George_H.W._Bush" title="George H.W. Bush">H.W. Bush</a> </td><td>July 1, 1991 - Present</td><td><a href="/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a></td><td>Yale Law School, 1974</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Stephen_Breyer.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Stephen Breyer.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0e/Stephen_Breyer.jpg/100px-Stephen_Breyer.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0e/Stephen_Breyer.jpg/150px-Stephen_Breyer.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0e/Stephen_Breyer.jpg/200px-Stephen_Breyer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="1260" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a></b></td><td>August 15, 1938</td><td>San Francisco, Calif.</td><td><a href="/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Clinton</a> </td><td>August 3, 1994 - Present</td><td><a href="/Harry_Blackmun" title="Harry Blackmun">Harry Blackmun</a></td><td>Harvard Law School, 1964</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Elena_Kagan.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Elena Kagan.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6f/Elena_Kagan.jpg/100px-Elena_Kagan.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6f/Elena_Kagan.jpg/150px-Elena_Kagan.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6f/Elena_Kagan.jpg/200px-Elena_Kagan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1315" data-file-height="1753" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a></b></td><td>April 28, 1960</td><td>New York, N.Y.</td><td><a href="/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a> </td><td>August 7, 2010 - Present</td><td><a href="/John_Paul_Stevens" title="John Paul Stevens">John Paul Stevens</a></td><td>Harvard Law School, J.D., 1986</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Sonia Sotomayor official.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b6/Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg/100px-Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b6/Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg/150px-Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b6/Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg/200px-Sonia_Sotomayor_official.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1058" data-file-height="1410" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></b></td><td>June 25, 1954</td><td>New York, N.Y.</td><td><a href="/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a> </td><td>August 6, 2009 - Present</td><td><a href="/David_Souter" title="David Souter">David Souter</a></td><td>Yale Law School, 1979</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:NeilGorsuch.gif" class="image"><img alt="NeilGorsuch.gif" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/f/f7/NeilGorsuch.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="130" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a></b></td><td>August 29, 1967</td><td><a href="/Denver,_Colorado" title="Denver, Colorado">Denver, Colo.</a></td><td><a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a> </td><td>April 10, 2017 - Present</td><td><a href="/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a></td><td>Harvard Law School, 1991</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Judge Brett Kavanaugh2.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg/100px-Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg/150px-Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/23/Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg/200px-Judge_Brett_Kavanaugh2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="336" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a></b></td><td>February 12, 1965</td><td>Washington, D.C.</td><td><a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a> </td><td>October 6, 2018 - Present</td><td><a href="/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Anthony Kennedy</a></td><td>Yale Law School, 1990</td></tr> <tr><td width="100px"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:AmyConeyBarrett.jpg" class="image"><img alt="AmyConeyBarrett.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9d/AmyConeyBarrett.jpg/100px-AmyConeyBarrett.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9d/AmyConeyBarrett.jpg/150px-AmyConeyBarrett.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/9/9d/AmyConeyBarrett.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center">Associate justice <br /><b><a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a></b></td><td>1972</td><td>New Orleans, La.</td><td><a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a> </td><td>October 26, 2020 - Present</td><td><a href="/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a></td><td>Notre Dame Law School, 1997</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="float:right; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 0.4em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; ;" class="toclimit-3"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Cases_by_circuit"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Cases by circuit</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Circuits"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Circuits</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#1st_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">1st Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#2nd_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">2nd Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#3rd_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">3rd Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#4th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">4th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#5th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">5th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#6th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">6th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#7th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">7th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#8th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">8th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#9th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">9th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#10th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">10th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#11th_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">11th Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#D.C._Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">D.C. Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Federal_Circuit"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Federal Circuit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Armed_Forces"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">Armed Forces</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#State_and_district_courts"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">State and district courts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Original_jurisdiction"><span class="tocnumber">17</span> <span class="toctext">Original jurisdiction</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Where_are_the_cases_coming_from?"><span class="tocnumber">17.1</span> <span class="toctext">Where are the cases coming from?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Geographic_boundaries"><span class="tocnumber">17.2</span> <span class="toctext">Geographic boundaries</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Cases_by_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3</span> <span class="toctext">Cases by sitting</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="#October_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">October sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#November_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">November sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#December_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.3</span> <span class="toctext">December sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#January_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.4</span> <span class="toctext">January sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#February_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.5</span> <span class="toctext">February sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#March_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.6</span> <span class="toctext">March sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="#April_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.7</span> <span class="toctext">April sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="#May_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.8</span> <span class="toctext">May sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Cases_removed_from_argument_calendar"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.9</span> <span class="toctext">Cases removed from argument calendar</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-13"><a href="#Cases_originally_scheduled_for_the_2019-2020_term"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.10</span> <span class="toctext">Cases originally scheduled for the 2019-2020 term</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><a href="#Cases_decided_without_argument"><span class="tocnumber">17.3.11</span> <span class="toctext">Cases decided without argument</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Cases_by_date_of_opinion"><span class="tocnumber">17.4</span> <span class="toctext">Cases by date of opinion</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-16"><a href="#October"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">October</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-17"><a href="#November"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.2</span> <span class="toctext">November</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-18"><a href="#December"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.3</span> <span class="toctext">December</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="#January"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.4</span> <span class="toctext">January</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#February"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.5</span> <span class="toctext">February</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="#March"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.6</span> <span class="toctext">March</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-22"><a href="#April"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.7</span> <span class="toctext">April</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-23"><a href="#May"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.8</span> <span class="toctext">May</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-24"><a href="#June"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.9</span> <span class="toctext">June</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-25"><a href="#July"><span class="tocnumber">17.4.10</span> <span class="toctext">July</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#Response_to_the_coronavirus_pandemic"><span class="tocnumber">17.5</span> <span class="toctext">Response to the coronavirus pandemic</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-27"><a href="#Changes_to_argument_and_opinion_schedule"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Changes to argument and opinion schedule</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-28"><a href="#Court_announces_teleconferences_for_April,_May_sittings"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces teleconferences for April, May sittings</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-29"><a href="#Court_announces_teleconferences_for_March_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces teleconferences for March sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-30"><a href="#Court_announces_teleconferences_for_February_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces teleconferences for February sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-31"><a href="#Court_announces_teleconferences_for_January_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces teleconferences for January sitting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-32"><a href="#Court_announces_teleconferences_for_November_and_December_sittings"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces teleconferences for November and December sittings</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-33"><a href="#Court_announces_teleconferences_for_October_sitting"><span class="tocnumber">17.5.1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces teleconferences for October sitting</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#Noteworthy_court_announcements"><span class="tocnumber">17.6</span> <span class="toctext">Noteworthy court announcements</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-35"><a href="#Justice_Sotomayor_denies_request_to_halt_enforcement_of_New_York_City_vaccine_mandate"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Justice Sotomayor denies request to halt enforcement of New York City vaccine mandate</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-36"><a href="#Justice_Kavanaugh_tests_positive_for_coronavirus"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Justice Kavanaugh tests positive for coronavirus</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-37"><a href="#Court_rejects_appeal_to_block_execution"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.3</span> <span class="toctext">Court rejects appeal to block execution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-38"><a href="#Court_postpones_execution"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.4</span> <span class="toctext">Court postpones execution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-39"><a href="#Court_rejects_emergency_appeal_to_Texas_law_banning_abortions_after_six_weeks_of_pregnancy"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Court rejects emergency appeal to Texas law banning abortions after six weeks of pregnancy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-40"><a href="#Court_issues_ruling_on_federal_eviction_moratorium"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.6</span> <span class="toctext">Court issues ruling on federal eviction moratorium</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-41"><a href="#Court_rejects_application_for_stay_of_Trump_administration_"remain_in_Mexico"_policy"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.7</span> <span class="toctext">Court rejects application for stay of Trump administration "remain in Mexico" policy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-42"><a href="#Justice_Barrett_denies_request_for_injunction_of_groundbreaking_for_Obama_presidential_library"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.8</span> <span class="toctext">Justice Barrett denies request for injunction of groundbreaking for Obama presidential library</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-43"><a href="#Court_issues_ruling_on_state_eviction_moratorium"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.9</span> <span class="toctext">Court issues ruling on state eviction moratorium</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-44"><a href="#Justice_Barrett_denies_request_related_to_university_vaccine_requirement"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.10</span> <span class="toctext">Justice Barrett denies request related to university vaccine requirement</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-45"><a href="#Court_issues_ruling_on_CDC_eviction_moratorium"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.11</span> <span class="toctext">Court issues ruling on CDC eviction moratorium</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-46"><a href="#Decision_not_to_hear_cases"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.12</span> <span class="toctext">Decision not to hear cases</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-47"><a href="#Decision_not_to_hear_a_case"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.13</span> <span class="toctext">Decision not to hear a case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-48"><a href="#Decision_not_to_hear_a_case_2"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.14</span> <span class="toctext">Decision not to hear a case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-49"><a href="#Court_blocks_California_state's_restrictions_on_in-home_religious_gatherings"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.15</span> <span class="toctext">Court blocks California state's restrictions on in-home religious gatherings</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-50"><a href="#Decision_not_to_hear_a_case_3"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.16</span> <span class="toctext">Decision not to hear a case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-51"><a href="#Court_issues_order_in_Trump_tweet_case"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.17</span> <span class="toctext">Court issues order in Trump tweet case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-52"><a href="#Court_conducts_first_in-person_conference_since_spring_2020"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.18</span> <span class="toctext">Court conducts first in-person conference since spring 2020</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-53"><a href="#Court_announces_all_justices_have_been_vaccinated"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.19</span> <span class="toctext">Court announces all justices have been vaccinated</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-54"><a href="#Court_grants_dismissal_in_case"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.20</span> <span class="toctext">Court grants dismissal in case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-55"><a href="#Court_denies_review_in_cases"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.21</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies review in cases</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-56"><a href="#Court_allows_release_of_Trump_tax_returns"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.22</span> <span class="toctext">Court allows release of Trump tax returns</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-57"><a href="#Court_denies_request_to_vacate_stay_of_execution"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.23</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies request to vacate stay of execution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-58"><a href="#Court_allows_deportation_of_Haitian_immigrant"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.24</span> <span class="toctext">Court allows deportation of Haitian immigrant</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-59"><a href="#Court_grants_Trump_administration_request_to_reinstate_medication_abortion_requirement"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.25</span> <span class="toctext">Court grants Trump administration request to reinstate medication abortion requirement</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-60"><a href="#Court_denies_request_for_stay_of_execution"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.26</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies request for stay of execution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-61"><a href="#Court_denies_review_in_case"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.27</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies review in case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-62"><a href="#Court_denies_request_to_stop_electoral_vote_certification"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.28</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies request to stop electoral vote certification</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-63"><a href="#Court_lifts_Colorado_state’s_limits_on_attendance_at_religious_services"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.29</span> <span class="toctext">Court lifts Colorado state’s limits on attendance at religious services</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-64"><a href="#Court_denies_review_in_cases_2"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.30</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies review in cases</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-65"><a href="#Court_rejects_complaint_to_overturn_2020_presidential_election_results_in_four_states"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.31</span> <span class="toctext">Court rejects complaint to overturn 2020 presidential election results in four states</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-66"><a href="#Court_denies_request_for_stay_of_execution_2"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.32</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies request for stay of execution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-67"><a href="#Court_denies_request_to_block_Pennsylvania_from_certifying_2020_presidential_election_results"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.33</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies request to block Pennsylvania from certifying 2020 presidential election results</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-68"><a href="#Court_denies_review_in_case_2"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.34</span> <span class="toctext">Court denies review in case</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-69"><a href="#Court_lifts_New_York_state’s_limits_on_attendance_at_religious_services"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.35</span> <span class="toctext">Court lifts New York state’s limits on attendance at religious services</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-70"><a href="#Court_reinstates_Alabama's_prohibition_against_curbside_voting"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.36</span> <span class="toctext">Court reinstates Alabama's prohibition against curbside voting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-71"><a href="#Denied_application_for_stay"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.37</span> <span class="toctext">Denied application for stay</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-72"><a href="#Court_rules_Trump_administration_can_stop_census_data_collection_on_Oct._15,_2020"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.38</span> <span class="toctext">Court rules Trump administration can stop census data collection on Oct. 15, 2020</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-73"><a href="#Decision_not_to_hear_a_case_4"><span class="tocnumber">17.6.39</span> <span class="toctext">Decision not to hear a case</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-74"><a href="#Term_data"><span class="tocnumber">17.7</span> <span class="toctext">Term data</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-75"><a href="#List_of_cases"><span class="tocnumber">17.7.1</span> <span class="toctext">List of cases</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-76"><a href="#Justice_alignment"><span class="tocnumber">17.7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Justice alignment</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-77"><a href="#SCOTUS_case_reversal_rates"><span class="tocnumber">17.7.3</span> <span class="toctext">SCOTUS case reversal rates</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-78"><a href="#Active_justices"><span class="tocnumber">17.8</span> <span class="toctext">Active justices</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-79"><a href="#Case_history"><span class="tocnumber">17.9</span> <span class="toctext">Case history</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-80"><a href="#2019-2020_term"><span class="tocnumber">17.9.1</span> <span class="toctext">2019-2020 term</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-81"><a href="#2018-2019_term"><span class="tocnumber">17.9.2</span> <span class="toctext">2018-2019 term</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-82"><a href="#2017-2018_term"><span class="tocnumber">17.9.3</span> <span class="toctext">2017-2018 term</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-83"><a href="#2016-2017_term"><span class="tocnumber">17.9.4</span> <span class="toctext">2016-2017 term</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-84"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">17.10</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-85"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">17.11</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-86"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">17.12</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Case_history">Case history</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2019-2020_term">2019-2020 term</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>In the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">2019-2020 term</a>, SCOTUS agreed to hear 74 cases. Twelve cases were <a href="#Cases_postponed_to_2020-2021_term">postponed</a> to the 2020-2021 term, due to the <a href="/Ballotpedia:Political_responses_to_the_coronavirus_(COVID-19)_pandemic,_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Political responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">coronavirus pandemic</a>. One case, <i><a href="/Sharp_v._Murphy" title="Sharp v. Murphy">Sharp v. Murphy</a></i>, was never scheduled for argument and another case, <i><a href="/Walker_v._United_States" title="Walker v. United States">Walker v. United States</a></i>, was dismissed without argument after the petitioner died. </p><p>The court issued decisions in 62 cases during the 2019-2020 term. Delays from the <a href="/Ballotpedia:Political_responses_to_the_coronavirus_(COVID-19)_pandemic,_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Political responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020">coronavirus pandemic</a> in 2020 caused the court to release opinions into July for the first time since 1996. <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">Click here</a> for more information. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2018-2019_term">2018-2019 term</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2018-2019" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019">Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>In the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2018-2019" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019">2018-2019 term</a>, SCOTUS agreed to consider 75 cases. The court heard oral argument in 72 cases and decided three cases without argument. <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2018-2019" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2018-2019">Click here</a> for more information. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2017-2018_term">2017-2018 term</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2017-2018" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018">Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>In the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2017-2018" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018">2017-2018</a> term, SCOTUS agreed to hear 71 cases. Ultimately, the justices heard argument in 69 of those cases. <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2017-2018" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2017-2018">Click here</a> for more information. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2016-2017_term">2016-2017 term</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2016-2017" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017">Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>In the <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2016-2017" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017">2016-2017</a> term, SCOTUS agreed to hear 71 cases. <a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2016-2017" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2016-2017">Click here</a> for more information. </p><p>The court delivered 61 opinions. </p> <ul><li>Chief Justice Roberts and Justices Breyer, Ginsburg, and Kennedy, wrote the most opinions—eight each.</li> <li>Justices Alito, Kagan, Sotomayor, and Thomas each wrote seven opinions.</li> <li>Justice Gorsuch wrote one opinion.</li></ul> <p>The court delivered eight <i><a href="/Per_curiam" title="Per curiam">per curiam</a></i> opinions. </p> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia:Bold_Justice" target="_blank" rel=" noreferrer noopener"><img alt="Bold Justice native ad.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/2a/Bold_Justice_native_ad.png/550px-Bold_Justice_native_ad.png" decoding="async" width="550" height="183" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/2/2a/Bold_Justice_native_ad.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></div> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-overlay"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"><div style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><div style="margin:0px auto;"><a href="/File:Supreme_Court_Front.jpg" class="image" title="History of the Supreme Court"><img alt="History of the Supreme Court" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/09/Supreme_Court_Front.jpg/281px-Supreme_Court_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="150" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/09/Supreme_Court_Front.jpg/423px-Supreme_Court_Front.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/09/Supreme_Court_Front.jpg/563px-Supreme_Court_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 168px"><div class="gallerytext"> <p><i><a href="/History_of_the_Supreme_Court" title="History of the Supreme Court">History of the Supreme Court</a></i> </p> </div></div> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"><div style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><div style="margin:0px auto;"><a href="/File:SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg" class="image" title="Supreme Court of the United States"><img alt="Supreme Court of the United States" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/df/SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg/338px-SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/df/SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg/507px-SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/df/SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg/675px-SCOTUS_justices_2020-2021_term.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 206px"><div class="gallerytext"> <p><i><a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></i> </p> </div></div> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 264.66666666667px"><div style="width: 264.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 262.66666666667px;"><div style="margin:0px auto;"><a href="/File:Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg" class="image" title="Read about last year's term"><img alt="Read about last year's term" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/25/Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg/394px-Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg" decoding="async" width="263" height="150" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/25/Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg/592px-Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/25/Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg/788px-Inside_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2400" /></a></div></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 243px"><div class="gallerytext"> <p><i><a href="/Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2019-2020" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2019-2020">Read about last year's term</a></i> </p> </div></div> </div></li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2> <div style="float:right; border:1px solid #00008B; margin:1px;"> <table cellspacing="0" style="width:145px; background:#transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:45px; height:45px; background:#transparent; text-align:center; font-size:13pt; color:black;"><b> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Submit_a_link" title="Ballotpedia:Submit a link"><img alt="BP-Initials-UPDATED.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/BP-Initials-UPDATED.png/50px-BP-Initials-UPDATED.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/BP-Initials-UPDATED.png/75px-BP-Initials-UPDATED.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/BP-Initials-UPDATED.png/100px-BP-Initials-UPDATED.png 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="675" /></a></div></div> </b> </td> <td style="font-size:8pt; padding:4pt; line-height:1.25em; color:black;"><b><a href="/Ballotpedia:Submit_a_link" title="Ballotpedia:Submit a link">Suggest a link</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=Supreme+Court+cases,+October+term+2020-2021">Search Google News for this topic</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.supremecourt.gov">Supreme Court of the United States</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9805E6DC1F3DF931A25753C1A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2"><i>The New York Times</i>, "On Language' Potus and Flotus," October 12, 1997</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-overview-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-overview_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.supremecourt.gov/about/briefoverview.aspx"><i>SupremeCourt.gov</i>, "A Brief Overview of the Supreme Court," accessed April 20, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pr916-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pr916_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pr916_3-1">3.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_09-16-20"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "For Immediate Release," September 16, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tc20-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-tc20_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-tc20_4-1">4.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_10-09-20"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "For immediate release," October 9, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jantele-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jantele_5-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jantele_5-1">5.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_01-05-21a"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Media Advisory Regarding February Teleconference Argument Audio," January 22, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-febsit2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-febsit2_6-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-febsit2_6-1">6.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_02-12-21"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Media Advisory Regarding February Teleconference Argument Audio," February 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-march-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-march_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-march_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_02-24-21"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "For Immediate Release, February 24, 2021," February 24, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-may-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-may_8-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-may_8-1">8.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_04-09-21"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Media Advisory Regarding Teleconference Argument Audio," April 9, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pro-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pro_9-0">9.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pro_9-1">9.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/supreme-1"><i>Administrative Office of the United States Courts</i>, "Supreme Court Procedures," accessed May 23, 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/understanding-federal-courts.pdf"><i>Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts</i>, "Understanding the Federal Courts," accessed May 23, 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Sanchez v. Wolf.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Collins v. Mnuchin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Niz-Chavez v. Barr.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Barr v. Dai.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Americans for Prosperity v. Becerra.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Mnuchin v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/procedures.aspx"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "The Court and Its Procedures," accessed February 27, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Collins v. Mnuchin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was Albence v. Guzman Chavez.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Mnuchin v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Sanchez v. Wolf.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Americans for Prosperity v. Becerra.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The court initially scheduled oral arguments for this case on December 2, 2020. On November 20, 2020, the court removed this case from its December argument calendar.</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/112020zr1_q861.pdf"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Order List: 592 U.S.," accessed November 20, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The court initially scheduled oral arguments for this case on February 22, 2021. On February 3, 2021, the court removed this case from its February argument calendar.</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/020321zr_6jfl.pdf"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Order List: 592 U.S.," accessed February 3, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The court initially scheduled oral arguments for this case on March 1, 2021. On February 3, 2021, the court removed this case from its February argument calendar.</i> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/020321zr_6jfl.pdf"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Order List: 592 U.S.," accessed February 3, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>On March 11, the court removed the case from its March 2021 argument calendar following a request from <a href="/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden's</a> (D) acting solicitor general Elizabeth Prelogar. The case had been scheduled for argument on March 29, 2021.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cancel-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cancel_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/03/court-nixes-upcoming-argument-on-medicaid-work-requirements/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Court nixes upcoming argument on Medicaid work requirements," March 11, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Collins v. Mnuchin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was Albence v. Guzman Chavez.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Americans for Prosperity v. Becerra.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-april-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-april_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_03-19-21"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Press Release Regarding April Oral Argument Session," March 19, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-feb-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-feb_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_01-22-21"><i>Supreme Court of the United States</i>, "Media Advisory Regarding January Teleconference Argument Audio," January 5, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/21a50.html"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "No. 21A50 Maniscalco <i>et al.</i> v. New York City Department of Education, <i>et al.</i>,"accessed October 4, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/10/sotomayor-turns-down-plea-to-block-new-york-city-vaccine-mandate/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Sotomayor turns down plea to block New York City vaccine mandate," October 1, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-supreme-courts-sotomayor-lets-new-york-school-vaccine-mandate-remain-2021-10-01/"><i>Reuters</i>, "U.S. Supreme Court's Sotomayor allows New York school vaccine mandate," October 1, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/press/pressreleases/pr_10-01-21"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "For Immediate Release: Press Release Regarding Justice Kavanaugh," October 1, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/justice-kavanaugh-covid-positive/2021/10/01/4efda492-22b7-11ec-b3d6-8cdebe60d3e2_story.html"><i>The Washington Post</i>, "Justice Kavanaugh tests positive for coronavirus," October 1, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/092821zr_3204.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Order in Pending Case," September 28, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/09/court-rejects-request-to-postpone-texas-execution/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Court rejects request to postpone Texas execution," September 28, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/090821zr_n7ip.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 594 U.S.) CERTIORARI GRANTED, 21-5592 RAMIREZ, JOHN H. V. COLLIER, BRYAN, ET AL.," September 8, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/21-5592.html"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "No. 21-5592 *** CAPITAL CASE ***," accessed September 9, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/09/court-blocks-execution-will-weigh-in-on-inmates-religious-liberty-claims/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Court blocks execution, will weigh in on inmate’s religious-liberty claims," September 8, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/ramirez-v-collier/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Ramirez v. Collier," accessed September 9, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/21/21A24/189841/20210830120232143_WWH%20v%20Jackson%20-%20emergency%20application%20with%20appendix.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Whole Woman's Health <i>et al</i> v. Jackson <i>et al</i>: EMERGENCY APPLICATION TO JUSTICE ALITO FOR WRIT OF INJUNCTION AND, IN THE ALTERNATIVE, TO VACATE STAYS OF DISTRICT COURT PROCEEDINGS," August 30, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/09/texas-abortion-ban-goes-into-effect-after-justices-fail-to-act/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Texas abortion ban goes into effect after justices fail to act," September 1, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/08/abortion-providers-ask-court-to-block-texas-ban-on-abortion-beginning-at-six-weeks-of-pregnancy/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Abortion providers ask court to block Texas ban on abortions beginning at six weeks of pregnancy," August 30, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wwhjope-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wwhjope_47-0">47.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wwhjope_47-1">47.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wwhjope_47-2">47.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wwhjope_47-3">47.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wwhjope_47-4">47.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wwhjope_47-5">47.5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/21a24_8759.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Whole Woman's Health <i>et al</i> v. Jackson <i>et al</i>: ON APPLICATION FOR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF," September 1, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/09/supreme-court-leaves-texas-abortion-ban-in-place/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Supreme Court leaves Texas abortion ban in place," September 2, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quotedisclaimer-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-0">49.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-1">49.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-2">49.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-3">49.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-4">49.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-5">49.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_49-6">49.6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/21a23_ap6c.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "ALABAMA ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS, ET AL. v. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, ET AL.: ON APPLICATION TO VACATE STAY," August 26, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/08/court-lifts-federal-ban-on-evictions/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Court lifts federal ban on evictions," August 26, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/082421zr_2d9g.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 594 U.S.), 21A21 BIDEN, PRESIDENT OF U.S., ET AL. V. TEXAS, ET AL.," August 24, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/08/court-wont-block-order-requiring-reinstatement-of-remain-in-mexico-policy/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Court won’t block order requiring reinstatement of “remain in Mexico” policy," August 24, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/21/21A22/187730/20210817152715798_Emergency%20Application%20for%20Writ%20of%20Injuction.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Protect Our Parks, Inc., <i>et al</i> v. Buttigieg: Emergency Application for Writ of Injunction, Relief Requested by Monday, August 16, 2021," August 16, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/21a22.html"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Docket No. 21A22 Protect Our Parks, Inc., et al., Applicants v. Pete Buttigieg, Secretary of Transportation, et al.," accessed August 20, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chrvmar-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chrvmar_56-0">56.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chrvmar_56-1">56.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/21a8_3fb4.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "Chrysafis v. Marks: ON APPLICATION FOR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF," decided August 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sbcvm-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-sbcvm_57-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/08/court-partially-blocks-new-york-eviction-moratorium/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Court partially blocks New York eviction moratorium," August 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/AHoweBlogger/status/1425930220448600068?s=20"><i>Twitter.com</i>, "@AHoweBlogger," August 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/08/barrett-leaves-indiana-universitys-vaccine-mandate-in-place/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Barrett leaves Indiana University’s vaccine mandate in place," August 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a169_4f15.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Alabama Association of REALTORS v. Department of Health and Human Services</i>, June 29, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-june2821-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-june2821_61-0">61.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-june2821_61-1">61.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-june2821_61-2">61.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/062821zor_6j37.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 594 U.S.) MONDAY, JUNE 28, 2021," June 28, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/gloucester-county-school-board-v-grimm/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Gloucester County School Board v. Grimm," accessed June 28, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts_law/supreme-court-transgender-bathroom-gavin-grimm/2021/06/28/e51b47e6-d815-11eb-bb9e-70fda8c37057_story.html"><i>The Washington Post</i>, "Supreme Court will not hear transgender bathroom rights dispute, a win for Virginia student who sued his school for discrimination," June 28, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/05/justices-wont-hear-missouri-inmates-request-to-choose-firing-squad-over-lethal-injection/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Justices won’t hear Missouri inmate’s request to choose firing squad over lethal injection," May 24, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/052421zor_d18f.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 593 U.S.) MONDAY, MAY 24 2021 ," May 24, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/050321zor_k536.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 593 U.S.) MONDAY, MAY 3, 2021 ," May 3, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a151_4g15.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Tandon v. Newsom</i>, decided April 9, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smalldock-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-smalldock_68-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/19-1388.html">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Small v. Memphis Light, Gas & Water</i>, accessed April 8, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smallpet-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-smallpet_69-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1388/145637/20200615161651449_Small%20-%20Petition.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "<i>Small v. Memphis Light, Gas & Water</i>: Petition for a <i>writ</i> of <i>certiorari</i>," accessed April 8, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/432/63/#tab-opinion-1952329">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison</i>, decided June 16, 1977</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/19-1388_4f14.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, "<i>Small v. Memphis Light, Gas & Water</i> decided April 5, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/040521zor_3204.pdf">''<i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 593 U.S.): MONDAY, APRIL 5, 2021," April 5, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/03/justices-meet-in-person-but-april-arguments-to-continue-remotely/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Justices meet in person, but April arguments to continue remotely," March 19, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/AHoweBlogger/status/1367920583099420676?s=20"><i>Twitter.com</i>, "@AHoweBlogger," March 5, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/05/politics/supreme-court-justices-vaccinated-covid-19/index.html"><i>CNN</i>, "All nine Supreme Court justices have been vaccinated," March 5, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/20-666.html"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "No. 20-666," accessed March 5, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-222ol-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-222ol_77-0">77.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-222ol_77-1">77.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-222ol_77-2">77.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/022221zor_2cp3.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 592 U.S.) MONDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 2021," February 22, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a128_e1pf.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Dunn v. Smith</i>, February 11, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a111_8nj9.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>François v. Wilkinson</i>, January 22, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a34_3f14.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Food and Drug Administration v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists</i>, January 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-montsb-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-montsb_81-0">81.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-montsb_81-1">81.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/01/reversing-several-lower-courts-justices-allow-execution-of-lisa-montgomery/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Reversing several lower courts, justices allow execution of Lisa Montgomery," January 13, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/011221zr_ljgm.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "20 -92 <i>Montgomery v. Rosen</i>," January 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/011221zr1_f2ag.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "20 A122 <i>Rosen v. Montgomery</i>," January 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/011221zr2_8nka.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "20A124 <i>Montgomery v. Watson</i>," January 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/011221zr3_5hek.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "20 A12 <i>United States v. Montgomery</i>," January 12, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bpp-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bpp_86-0">86.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bpp_86-1">86.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/011121zor_5he6.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Bruni v. City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</i>, decided January 11, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/010721zr_08l1.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court,</i> "20 A115 <i>Gohmert v. Pence</i>," January 7, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a105_p860.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>High Plains Harvest Church v. Polis</i>, decided December 15, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dec14-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dec14_89-0">89.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dec14_89-1">89.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/121420zor_8n59.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "(ORDER LIST: 592 U.S.) MONDAY, DECEMBER 14, 2020," December 14, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1385/145594/20200615115757845_No.%2019-___%20Henderson%20Cert%20Petition.pdf">U.S. Supreme Court, <i>Box v. Henderson</i>, accessed February 17, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/121120zr_p860.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "155, ORIG. TEXAS V. PENNSYLVANIA, ET AL.," December 11, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/22o155.html"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "No. 22O155 <i>Texas v. Pennsylvania</i>," accessed February 17, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbsb-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbsb_93-0">93.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbsb_93-1">93.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2020/12/justices-refuse-to-delay-execution-of-brandon-bernard/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Justices refuse to delay execution of Brandon Bernard," December 10, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bb-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bb_94-0">94.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bb_94-1">94.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/20a110_1972.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "No. 20A110 (20–6570) <i>Bernard v. United States</i>," decided December 10, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/120820zr_bq7d.pdf"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "ORDER LIST: 592 U.S.: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 2020," December 8, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/20-240.html"><i>U.S. Supreme Court</i>, "No. 20-240 *** CAPITAL CASE *** <i>Kentucky v. White</i>," accessed February 16, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.scotusblog.com/2020/10/supreme-court-leaves-in-place-order-requiring-pennsylvania-to-count-absentee-ballots-after-election-day/"><i>SCOTUSblog</i>, "Supreme Court leaves in place order requiring Pennsylvania to count absentee ballots after Election Day," October 19, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/supreme-court/supreme-court-allows-trump-administration-end-census-count-early-n1243240">NBC News, "Supreme Court allows Trump administration to end census count early," October 13, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/13/us/supreme-court-census.html"><i>The New York Times</i>, "Supreme Court Rules That Census Count Can Be Cut Short," October 13, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2020/10/13/921428056/supreme-court-allows-trump-administration-to-end-census-early"><i>NPR</i>, "Supreme Court Allows Trump Administration To End Census Counting On Oct. 15," October 13, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>On June 26, 2015, the United States Supreme Court held in a 5-4 decision that same-sex marriage is protected under the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the 14th Amendment. Consequently, same-sex marriage bans have been struck down as unconstitutional and same-sex marriages performed out-of-state must be recognized in other states. Justice Anthony Kennedy authored the opinion and Justices Ruth Ginsburg, Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan joined.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/qualified_immunity"><i>Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute</i>, "Qualified immunity," accessed October 7, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts_law/supreme-court-kim-davis-same-sex-marriage/2020/10/05/cd5a74d2-0710-11eb-9be6-cf25fb429f1a_story.html"><i>The Washington Post</i>, "Supreme Court will not hear Kim Davis same-sex marriage case," October 5, 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was Albence v. Guzman Chavez.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>When the case was originally accepted by the U.S. Supreme Court, the case name was</i> Americans for Prosperity v. Becerra.</span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table style="border:1px solid gray; font-size:85%;" class="collapsible collapsed" align="center" width="100%"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#ccccff;" height="50px"><table width="95%" bgcolor="#ccccff" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td width="75px" bgcolor="white"> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/File:Seal_of_SCOTUS.png" class="image"><img alt="Seal of SCOTUS.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Seal_of_SCOTUS.png/50px-Seal_of_SCOTUS.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Seal_of_SCOTUS.png/75px-Seal_of_SCOTUS.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Seal_of_SCOTUS.png/100px-Seal_of_SCOTUS.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="360" /></a></div></div> </td><td style="background:#ccccff;" align="center"><div style="float:left; text-align:left; width:6em;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;"><a href="/Template:Justices_of_SCOTUS" title="Template:Justices of SCOTUS"><span title="View this template" style=";">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Justices_of_SCOTUS&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:150%; font-weight:bold;">Justices of the <a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#ccccff; width:75px; vertical-align:middle;" align="center"><a href="/Federal_judge#Federal_judges,_Article_III" title="Federal judge">Active justices</a></td><td align="center"> <p><b><a href="/Chief_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief justice">Chief justice</a>:</b> <a href="/John_G._Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="John G. Roberts">Roberts</a><b><br /> </b> <b>Associate justices:</b> <a href="/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a> • <a href="/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a> • <a href="/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a> • <a href="/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Jackson</a> • <a href="/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Kagan</a> • <a href="/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a> • <a href="/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sotomayor</a> • <a href="/Clarence_Thomas_(Supreme_Court)" title="Clarence Thomas (Supreme Court)">Thomas</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#ccccff; vertical-align:middle;" align="center"><a href="/Federal_judge#Senior_judges" title="Federal judge">Senior justices</a></td><td align="center" bgcolor="#eee"> <p><a href="/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Breyer</a> • <a href="/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Kennedy</a> • <a href="/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">O'Connor</a> • <a href="/David_Souter" title="David Souter">Souter</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#ccccff; vertical-align:middle;" align="center"><a href="/Chief_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief justice">Former chief justices</a></td><td align="center"> <p><a href="/Warren_Burger" title="Warren Burger">Burger</a> • <a href="/Salmon_Portland_Chase" title="Salmon Portland Chase">Chase</a> • <a href="/Oliver_Ellsworth" title="Oliver Ellsworth">Ellsworth</a> • <a href="/Melville_Weston_Fuller" title="Melville Weston Fuller">Fuller</a> • <a href="/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Hughes</a> • <a href="/John_Jay" title="John Jay">Jay</a> • <a href="/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">Marshall</a> • <a href="/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">Rehnquist</a> • <a href="/John_Rutledge" title="John Rutledge">Rutledge</a> • <a href="/Harlan_Fiske_Stone" title="Harlan Fiske Stone">Stone</a> • <a href="/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a> • <a href="/Roger_Brooke_Taney" title="Roger Brooke Taney">Taney</a> • <a href="/Frederick_Vinson" title="Frederick Vinson">Vinson</a> • <a href="/Morrison_Waite" title="Morrison Waite">Waite</a> • <a href="/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Warren</a> • </p> <a href="/Edward_Douglass_White" title="Edward Douglass White">White</a></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#ccccff; vertical-align:middle;" align="center"><a href="/Associate_Justice" title="Associate Justice">Former associate justices</a></td><td align="center" bgcolor="#eee"> <p><a href="/Henry_Baldwin" title="Henry Baldwin">Baldwin</a> • <a href="/Philip_Pendelton_Barbour" title="Philip Pendelton Barbour">Barbour</a> • <a href="/Hugo_Black" title="Hugo Black">Black</a> • <a href="/Harry_Blackmun" title="Harry Blackmun">Blackmun</a> • <a href="/John_Blair" title="John Blair">Blair</a> • <a href="/Samuel_Blatchford" title="Samuel Blatchford">Blatchford</a> • <a href="/Joseph_Bradley" title="Joseph Bradley">Bradley</a> • <a href="/Louis_Dembitz_Brandeis" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Dembitz Brandeis">Brandeis</a> • <a href="/William_Brennan_(U.S._Supreme_Court)" title="William Brennan (U.S. Supreme Court)">Brennan</a> • <a href="/David_Josiah_Brewer" class="mw-redirect" title="David Josiah Brewer">Brewer</a> • <a href="/Henry_Billings_Brown_(U.S._Supreme_Court)" title="Henry Billings Brown (U.S. Supreme Court)">Brown</a> • <a href="/Harold_Burton" title="Harold Burton">Burton</a> • <a href="/Pierce_Butler" title="Pierce Butler">Butler</a> • <a href="/James_Byrnes" title="James Byrnes">Byrnes</a> • <a href="/John_Archibald_Campbell" title="John Archibald Campbell">Campbell</a> • <a href="/Benjamin_Nathan_Cardozo" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Nathan Cardozo">Cardozo</a> • <a href="/John_Catron" title="John Catron">Catron</a> • <a href="/Samuel_Chase" title="Samuel Chase">Chase</a> • <a href="/Tom_Clark" title="Tom Clark">Clark</a> • <a href="/John_Hessin_Clarke" title="John Hessin Clarke">Clarke</a> • <a href="/Nathan_Clifford" title="Nathan Clifford">Clifford</a> • <a href="/Benjamin_Robbins_Curtis" title="Benjamin Robbins Curtis">Curtis</a> • <a href="/William_Cushing" title="William Cushing">Cushing</a> • <a href="/Peter_Vivian_Daniel" title="Peter Vivian Daniel">Daniel</a> • <a href="/David_Davis" title="David Davis">Davis</a> • <a href="/William_Rufus_Day" title="William Rufus Day">Day</a> • <a href="/William_Douglas" title="William Douglas">Douglas</a> • <a href="/Gabriel_Duvall" title="Gabriel Duvall">Duvall</a> • <a href="/Stephen_Johnson_Field" title="Stephen Johnson Field">Field</a> • <a href="/Abe_Fortas" title="Abe Fortas">Fortas</a> • <a href="/Felix_Frankfurter" title="Felix Frankfurter">Frankfurter</a> • <a href="/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ginsburg</a> • <a href="/Arthur_Goldberg" title="Arthur Goldberg">Goldberg</a> • <a href="/Horace_Gray" title="Horace Gray">Gray</a> • <a href="/Robert_Cooper_Grier" title="Robert Cooper Grier">Grier</a> • <a href="/John_Harlan_I" title="John Harlan I">Harlan I</a> • <a href="/John_Harlan_II" title="John Harlan II">Harlan II</a> • <a href="/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes" title="Oliver Wendell Holmes">Holmes</a> • <a href="/Ward_Hunt" title="Ward Hunt">Hunt</a> • <a href="/James_Iredell" title="James Iredell">Iredell</a> • <a href="/Howell_Edmunds_Jackson" title="Howell Edmunds Jackson">H. Jackson</a> • <a href="/Robert_Jackson" title="Robert Jackson">R. Jackson</a> • <a href="/Thomas_Johnson" title="Thomas Johnson">T. Johnson</a> • <a href="/William_Johnson,_Jr." title="William Johnson, Jr.">W. Johnson, Jr.</a> • <a href="/Joseph_Rucker_Lamar" title="Joseph Rucker Lamar">J. Lamar</a> • <a href="/Lucius_Quintus_Cincinnatus_Lamar" title="Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar">L. Lamar</a> • <a href="/Henry_Brockholst_Livingston" title="Henry Brockholst Livingston">Livingston</a> • <a href="/Horace_Harmon_Lurton" title="Horace Harmon Lurton">Lurton</a> • <a href="/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Marshall</a> • <a href="/Stanley_Matthews" title="Stanley Matthews">Matthews</a> • <a href="/Joseph_McKenna" title="Joseph McKenna">McKenna</a> • <a href="/John_McKinley" title="John McKinley">McKinley</a> • <a href="/John_McLean" title="John McLean">McLean</a> • <a href="/James_Clark_McReynolds" title="James Clark McReynolds">McReynolds</a> • <a href="/Samuel_Freeman_Miller" title="Samuel Freeman Miller">Miller</a> • <a href="/Sherman_Minton" title="Sherman Minton">Minton</a> • <a href="/William_Henry_Moody" title="William Henry Moody">Moody</a> • <a href="/Alfred_Moore" title="Alfred Moore">Moore</a> • <a href="/Frank_Murphy" title="Frank Murphy">Murphy</a> • <a href="/Samuel_Nelson" title="Samuel Nelson">Nelson</a> • <a href="/William_Paterson" title="William Paterson">Paterson</a> • <a href="/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham" title="Rufus Wheeler Peckham">Peckham</a> • <a href="/Mahlon_Pitney" title="Mahlon Pitney">Pitney</a> • <a href="/Lewis_Powell" title="Lewis Powell">Powell</a> • <a href="/Stanley_Reed" title="Stanley Reed">Reed</a> • <a href="/Owen_Josephus_Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="Owen Josephus Roberts">Roberts</a> • <a href="/Wiley_Rutledge" title="Wiley Rutledge">W. Rutledge</a> • <a href="/Edward_Terry_Sanford" title="Edward Terry Sanford">Sanford</a> • <a href="/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Scalia</a> • <a href="/George_Shiras" title="George Shiras">Shiras</a> • <a href="/John_Paul_Stevens" title="John Paul Stevens">Stevens</a> • <a href="/Potter_Stewart" title="Potter Stewart">Stewart</a> • <a href="/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Story</a> • <a href="/William_Strong" title="William Strong">Strong</a> • <a href="/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a> • <a href="/Noah_Haynes_Swayne" title="Noah Haynes Swayne">Swayne</a> • <a href="/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">Thompson</a> • <a href="/Thomas_Todd" title="Thomas Todd">Todd</a> • <a href="/Robert_Trimble" title="Robert Trimble">Trimble</a> • <a href="/Willis_Van_Devanter" title="Willis Van Devanter">Van Devanter</a> • <a href="/Bushrod_Washington" title="Bushrod Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/James_Moore_Wayne" title="James Moore Wayne">Wayne</a> • <a href="/Byron_White" title="Byron White">B. White</a> • <a href="/Charles_Whittaker" title="Charles Whittaker">Whittaker</a> • <a href="/James_Wilson" title="James Wilson">Wilson</a> • <a href="/Levi_Woodbury" title="Levi Woodbury">Woodbury</a> • <a href="/William_Burnham_Woods" title="William Burnham Woods">Woods</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021&oldid=9736052">https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_cases,_October_term_2020-2021&oldid=9736052</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks-container" style="display:none"><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Pages_using_DynamicPageList3_dplreplace_parser_function&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Pages using DynamicPageList3 dplreplace parser function (page does not exist)">Pages using DynamicPageList3 dplreplace parser function</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Federal_court_news,_2020" title="Category:Federal court news, 2020">Federal court news, 2020</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Supreme_Court_cases_by_term" title="Category:Supreme Court cases by term">Supreme Court cases by term</a></li><li><a href="/Category:SCOTUS_OT_2020" title="Category:SCOTUS OT 2020">SCOTUS OT 2020</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Marquee,_overview_page,_2020" title="Category:Marquee, overview page, 2020">Marquee, overview page, 2020</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Marquee,_overview_page,_2021" title="Category:Marquee, overview page, 2021">Marquee, overview page, 2021</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="visualClear"></div> <div class="row" id="footer-links"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size:16px; color:#666; width: 100%;"> <p>Ballotpedia features 556,135 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. 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