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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">French Togoland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="توغو الفرنسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توغو الفرنسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Французскае Тога – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Французскае Тога" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo_Franc%C3%A8s" title="Togo Francès – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Togo Francès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%C3%B6sisch-Togo" title="Französisch-Togo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Französisch-Togo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togolandia_francesa" title="Togolandia francesa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Togolandia francesa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franca_Togolando" title="Franca Togolando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Franca Togolando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo_Frantsesa" title="Togo Frantsesa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Togo Frantsesa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Togo français – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Togo français" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4%EB%A0%B9_%ED%86%A0%EA%B3%A8%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="프랑스령 토골란드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스령 토골란드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="फ्रेंच टोगोलैंड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ्रेंच टोगोलैंड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuski_Togoland" title="Francuski Togoland – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Francuski Togoland" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togoland_Prancis" title="Togoland Prancis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Togoland Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togoland_francese" title="Togoland francese – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Togoland francese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="טוגולנד הצרפתית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טוגולנד הצרפתית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranc%C5%ABzijos_Togolandas" title="Prancūzijos Togolandas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prancūzijos Togolandas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Француско Того – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Француско Того" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans-Togoland" title="Frans-Togoland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Frans-Togoland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E9%A0%98%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="フランス領トーゴランド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランス領トーゴランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransk_Togoland" title="Fransk Togoland – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fransk Togoland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransuz_Togosi" title="Fransuz Togosi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fransuz Togosi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo_Francuskie" title="Togo Francuskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Togo Francuskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togol%C3%A2ndia_francesa" title="Togolândia francesa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Togolândia francesa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Французское Того – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Французское Того" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranskan_Togomaa" title="Ranskan Togomaa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ranskan Togomaa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franska_Togoland" title="Franska Togoland – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Franska Togoland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_Togoland" title="Fransız Togoland – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fransız Togoland" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Французьке Того – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Французьке Того" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%B9%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="فرانسیسی ٹوگو لینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرانسیسی ٹوگو لینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li 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vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Territory of Togoland</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Togo français</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1916–1960</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_French_Togoland_(yellow_stars).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Togo"><img alt="Flag of Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_French_Togoland_%28yellow_stars%29.png/125px-Flag_of_French_Togoland_%28yellow_stars%29.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_French_Togoland_%28yellow_stars%29.png/188px-Flag_of_French_Togoland_%28yellow_stars%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_French_Togoland_%28yellow_stars%29.png/250px-Flag_of_French_Togoland_%28yellow_stars%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Togo" title="Flag of Togo">Flag<br />(1956–1960)</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal (1957–1958) of Togo"><img alt="Seal (1957–1958) of Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg/85px-Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg/128px-Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg/170px-Seal_of_the_French_Territory_of_Togoland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Togo" title="Coat of arms of Togo"> Seal<br />(1957–1958)</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:LocationTogo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/LocationTogo.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="115" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">Mandate</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lom%C3%A9" title="Lomé">Lomé</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (official), <a href="/wiki/Ewe_language" title="Ewe language">Ewe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabye_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabye language">Kabye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kotokoli_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kotokoli language">Kotokoli</a> etc</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Togo" title="List of colonial governors of Togo">Commissioner</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/West_Africa_Campaign_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Africa Campaign (World War I)">Occupation</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">27 August 1914</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Togoland partitioned </div></th><td class="infobox-data">27 December 1916</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">League of Nations mandate</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">20 July 1922</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Autonomy </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1956</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Independence </div></th><td class="infobox-data">27 April 1960</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_African_CFA_franc" title="West African CFA franc">CFA franc</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:TG" title="ISO 3166-2:TG">TG</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Reichskolonialflagge.svg/20px-Reichskolonialflagge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Reichskolonialflagge.svg/30px-Reichskolonialflagge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Reichskolonialflagge.svg/40px-Reichskolonialflagge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Togoland" title="Togoland">Togoland</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Togo.svg/20px-Flag_of_Togo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Togo.svg/30px-Flag_of_Togo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Togo.svg/40px-Flag_of_Togo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="809" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>French Togoland</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Togo français</i>) was a <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empires" class="mw-redirect" title="French colonial empires">French colonial</a> <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">League of Nations mandate</a> from 1916 to 1946, and a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_trust_territories" title="United Nations trust territories">UN trust territory</a> from 1946 to 1960 in <a href="/wiki/French_West_Africa" title="French West Africa">French West Africa</a>. In 1960 it became the independent <a href="/wiki/Togolese_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Togolese Republic">Togolese Republic</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transfer_from_Germany_to_France_and_a_mandate_territory">Transfer from Germany to France and a mandate territory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Togoland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Transfer from Germany to France and a mandate territory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Togoland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Togoland.svg/220px-Togoland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="362" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Togoland.svg/330px-Togoland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Togoland.svg/440px-Togoland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1201" /></a><figcaption>French Togoland in pale purple (<a href="/wiki/British_Togoland" title="British Togoland">British Togoland</a> in pale green)</figcaption></figure> <p>French troops landed at <a href="/wiki/An%C3%A9ho" title="Aného">Little Popo</a> on 6 August 1914, meeting little resistance. The French proceeded inland, taking the town of Togo on 8 August.<sup id="cite_ref-richmond_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richmond-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 August 1914, the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German</a> protectorate of <a href="/wiki/Togoland" title="Togoland">Togoland</a> was invaded by <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">British</a> forces and fell after five days of brief resistance. The colony surrendered "without conditions" with British and French troops landing in <a href="/wiki/Kamina_Funkstation,_Togo" title="Kamina Funkstation, Togo">Kamina</a> on 27 August 1914. The Germans had offered to surrender to the British on terms, to which the British responded a surrender must be unconditional, promising to respect private property, with little interference in trade or private interests and firms.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Period news reports suggest the Germans had used <a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullets" class="mw-redirect" title="Expanding bullets">expanding bullets</a> during the campaign and had armed native people not under their control, both violations of the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-richmond_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richmond-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Togoland was divided into French and <a href="/wiki/British_Togoland" title="British Togoland">British administrative zones</a> in 1916, and following the war, Togoland formally became a <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> mandate divided for administrative purposes between France and the United Kingdom. </p><p>German nationalists in the <a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(Weimar_Republic)" title="Reichstag (Weimar Republic)">Weimar Republic</a> were reported to have objected to the seizure of the colony by the French via an <a href="/wiki/Interpellation_(politics)" title="Interpellation (politics)">interpellation</a> in 1920, expressing their view that it violated Article 22 of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a>. They also exclaimed via a news release that "the German Government naturally leaves nothing undone to prevent an interpretation of the treaty which would justify France's alleged intention."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The value of the colony to France was found in the existing railways, permitting a new link to the railway in <a href="/wiki/Dahomey" title="Dahomey">Dahomey</a> at <a href="/wiki/Atakpam%C3%A9" title="Atakpamé">Atakpamé</a> and the ports of Lome, Segura and Little Popo.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the mandate became a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_trust_territories" title="United Nations trust territories">UN trust territory</a>, still administered by French commissioners. </p><p>By statute in 1955, French Togoland became an autonomous republic within the <a href="/wiki/French_Union" title="French Union">French Union</a>, although it retained its UN trusteeship status. A legislative assembly elected by universal adult suffrage had considerable power over internal affairs, with an elected executive body headed by a prime minister responsible to the legislature. These changes were embodied in a constitution approved in a <a href="/wiki/French_Togoland_autonomy_referendum,_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="French Togoland autonomy referendum, 1956">1956 referendum</a>. In the 1956 referendum, French Togoland decided to end the trusteeship.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 September 1956, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Grunitzky" title="Nicolas Grunitzky">Nicolas Grunitzky</a> became prime minister of the Autonomous Republic of Togo. The situation escalated further on 21 June 1957, when the local population of the Pya-Hodo, <a href="/wiki/Kozah_Prefecture" title="Kozah Prefecture">Kozah</a>, took advantage of the visit of the United Nations mission, to express its frustration with the French colonial administration. Faced with the anger of the demonstrators, protesting against the arrest of the Togolese nationalist, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bouyo_Moukp%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bouyo Moukpé (page does not exist)">Bouyo Moukpé</a>, the colonial army <a href="/wiki/Pya-Hodo_Massacre" title="Pya-Hodo Massacre">fired on the crowd</a> that frequented the Hoda market, killing 20 and injuring many.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to irregularities in the plebiscite, an unsupervised general election was held in 1958 and won by <a href="/wiki/Sylvanus_Olympio" title="Sylvanus Olympio">Sylvanus Olympio</a>. On 27 April 1960, in a smooth transition, Togo severed its constitutional ties with France, shed its UN trusteeship status, and became fully independent under a provisional constitution with Olympio as president.<sup id="cite_ref-May1968_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-May1968-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governors">Governors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Togoland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Governors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Togo#French_Togoland" title="List of colonial governors of Togo">List of colonial governors of Togo § French Togoland</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Togoland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_heads_of_French_Togoland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colonial heads of French Togoland">List of colonial heads of French Togoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Togo" title="History of Togo">History of Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_West_Africa" title="Category:French West Africa">French West Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_colonisation_in_Africa" title="Category:French colonisation in Africa">French colonisation in Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="French colonial Empire">French colonial Empire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Togoland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-richmond-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-richmond_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-richmond_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025841/1918-03-02/ed-1/seq-2/">"Colored People's Part in the World War: The Fight in Africa: Many Square Miles Wrenched From Germany: Black Troops Display Great Valor"</a>. <i>The Richmond Planet</i>. Richmond, VA. 2 March 1918<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Richmond+Planet&rft.atitle=Colored+People%27s+Part+in+the+World+War%3A+The+Fight+in+Africa%3A+Many+Square+Miles+Wrenched+From+Germany%3A+Black+Troops+Display+Great+Valor.&rft.date=1918-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn84025841%2F1918-03-02%2Fed-1%2Fseq-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1914-08-27/ed-1/seq-3/">"German Togoland Surrenders Without Conditions to Allies"</a>. <i>New York Tribune</i>. New York, NY. 27 August 1914<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=German+Togoland+Surrenders+Without+Conditions+to+Allies&rft.date=1914-08-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030214%2F1914-08-27%2Fed-1%2Fseq-3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1920-10-03/ed-1/seq-10/">"Germany Will Oppose French Annexation Plan"</a>. <i>New York Tribune</i>. New York, NY. 3 October 1920<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Germany+Will+Oppose+French+Annexation+Plan&rft.date=1920-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030214%2F1920-10-03%2Fed-1%2Fseq-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038531/1920-02-27/ed-1/seq-13/">"African Tribes Pleased at Overthrow German Masters"</a>. <i>The Chattanooga News</i>. Chattanooga, TN. 27 February 1920<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chattanooga+News&rft.atitle=African+Tribes+Pleased+at+Overthrow+German+Masters&rft.date=1920-02-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn85038531%2F1920-02-27%2Fed-1%2Fseq-13%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaxton1985" class="citation book cs1">Paxton, John (1985). "Togo". In Paxton, John (ed.). <i>The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1985–1986</i>. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. <span class="nowrap">1177–</span>1180. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9780230271142">10.1057/9780230271142</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-27114-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-27114-2"><bdi>978-0-230-27114-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Togo&rft.btitle=The+Statesman%27s+Year-Book%3A+Statistical+and+Historical+Annual+of+the+States+of+the+World+for+the+Year+1985%E2%80%931986&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1177-%3C%2Fspan%3E1180&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+UK&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F9780230271142&rft.isbn=978-0-230-27114-2&rft.aulast=Paxton&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bibliomonde.fr/lalmanach/21-juin-togo-massacre-de-pya-hodo-1957">21 juin : les Togolais célèbrent les martyrs de la lutte pour l’indépendance</a>, retrieved on 04-12-2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-May1968-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-May1968_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacques_Meyer_May1968" class="citation book cs1">Jacques Meyer May (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SdIhAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Ecology of Malnutrition in the French Speaking Countries of West Africa and Madagascar: Senegal, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Togo, Dahomey, Cameroon, Niger, Mali, Upper Volta, and Madagascar</i></a>. Hafner Publishing Company. p. 133.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ecology+of+Malnutrition+in+the+French+Speaking+Countries+of+West+Africa+and+Madagascar%3A+Senegal%2C+Guinea%2C+Ivory+Coast%2C+Togo%2C+Dahomey%2C+Cameroon%2C+Niger%2C+Mali%2C+Upper+Volta%2C+and+Madagascar&rft.pages=133&rft.pub=Hafner+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1968&rft.au=Jacques+Meyer+May&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSdIhAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Togoland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurtas" class="citation web cs1">Kurtas, Susan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research.un.org/en/docs/tc/frenchtogoland">"Research Guides: UN Documentation: Trusteeship Council: Togoland under French administration"</a>. <i>research.un.org</i>. United Nations<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2020</span>. <q>Agreement, Petitions, Reports of Administering Power, and Reports of Visiting Missions</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=research.un.org&rft.atitle=Research+Guides%3A+UN+Documentation%3A+Trusteeship+Council%3A+Togoland+under+French+administration&rft.aulast=Kurtas&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.un.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Ftc%2Ffrenchtogoland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Togoland" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_West_Africa" title="French West Africa">West Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Ivory_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="French Ivory Coast">Côte d'Ivoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Dahomey" title="French Dahomey">Dahomey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Sudan" title="French Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guinea" title="French Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Mauritania" title="Colonial Mauritania">Mauritania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arguin" title="Arguin">Arguin Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Niger" title="Colony of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="French Senegal">Senegal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Communes" title="Four Communes">Four Communes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a 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Cameroons">Cameroons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="French Comoros">Comoros</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anjouan" title="Anjouan">Anjouan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Comore" title="Grande Comore">Grande Comore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moh%C3%A9li" title="Mohéli">Mohéli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Somaliland" title="French Somaliland">Somaliland (Djibouti)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Madagascar" title="French Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_de_France_(Mauritius)" title="Isle de France (Mauritius)">Isle de France</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Former_French_colonies_in_the_Americas" title="Template:Former French colonies in the Americas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Former_French_colonies_in_the_Americas" title="Template talk:Former French colonies in the Americas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Former_French_colonies_in_the_Americas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Former French colonies in the Americas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_French_colonies_in_the_Americas274" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">Former French colonies</a> <a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">in the Americas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">French North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_(New_France)" title="Canada (New France)">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_(island)" title="Newfoundland (island)">Terre Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Florida" title="French Florida">French Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_Texas" title="French colonization of Texas">French Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_West_Indies" title="French West Indies">French Caribbean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenadines" title="Grenadines">The Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%AFti" class="mw-redirect" title="Haïti">Haïti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Era_de_Francia" title="Era de Francia">Dominican Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_%26_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Kitts & Nevis">Saint Kitts & Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Vincent (island)">Saint Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobago" title="Tobago">Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="History of the British Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Equinoctial_France" title="Equinoctial France">Equinoctial France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berbice" title="Berbice">Berbice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Antarctique" title="France Antarctique">France Antarctique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inini" title="Inini">Inini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French colonization of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_West_India_Company" title="French West India Company">French West India Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Former_French_colonies_in_Asia_and_Oceania" title="Template:Former French colonies in Asia and Oceania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Former_French_colonies_in_Asia_and_Oceania" title="Template talk:Former French colonies in Asia and Oceania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Former_French_colonies_in_Asia_and_Oceania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Former French colonies in Asia and Oceania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_French_colonies_in_Asia_and_Oceania265" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">Former French colonies</a> in Asia and Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_India" title="French India">French India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandannagar" title="Chandannagar">Chandernagor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coromandel_Coast" title="Coromandel Coast">Coromandel Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chennai" title="History of Chennai">Madras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mah%C3%A9,_India" title="Mahé, India">Mahé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Puducherry" title="History of Puducherry">Pondichéry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaikal" title="Karaikal">Karaikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanam" title="Yanam">Yanaon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">Indochinese Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_protectorate_of_Cambodia" title="French protectorate of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_protectorate_of_Laos" title="French protectorate of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li>Vietnam<sup>[<a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A1p_thu%E1%BB%99c" class="extiw" title="vi:Pháp thuộc">vi</a>]</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Cochinchina" title="French Cochinchina">Cochinchina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annam_(French_protectorate)" title="Annam (French protectorate)">Annam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkin_(French_protectorate)" title="Tonkin (French protectorate)">Tonkin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leased_Territory_of_Guangzhouwan" title="Leased Territory of Guangzhouwan">Kouang-Tchéou-Wan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Syria_and_the_Lebanon" title="Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon">Mandate for Syria<br />and the Lebanon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Syria_(1925%E2%80%931930)" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Syria (1925–1930)">State of Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Aleppo" title="State of Aleppo">Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Damascus" title="State of Damascus">Damascus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alawite_State" title="Alawite State">Alawite State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Lebanon" title="Greater Lebanon">Greater Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_Druze_State" title="Jabal Druze State">Jabal al-Druze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Alexandretta" title="Sanjak of Alexandretta">Sanjak of Alexandretta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Hebrides" title="New Hebrides">New Hebrides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Vanuatu" title="History of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanto-Bordelaise_Company" title="Nanto-Bordelaise Company">Port Louis-Philippe (Akaroa)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Asia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="France–Asia relations">France–Asia relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_East_India_Company" title="French East India Company">French East India Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Overseas_France" title="Template:Overseas France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Overseas_France" title="Template talk:Overseas France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Overseas_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Overseas France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Overseas_France298" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_France" title="Overseas France">Overseas France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Inhabited_territories298" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inhabited territories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France" title="Overseas departments and regions of France">Overseas<wbr /> regions</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_collectivity" title="Overseas collectivity">Overseas<wbr /> collectivities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sui_generis" title="Sui generis">Sui generis</a><wbr /> collectivity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Uninhabited_territories298" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Uninhabited territories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">North Pacific Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_territory_(France)" title="Overseas territory (France)">Overseas territory</a><wbr /> (<a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern<wbr /> and Antarctic Lands</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crozet_Islands" title="Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_domains_of_Saint_Helena" title="French domains of Saint Helena">French domains of Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_domains_of_the_Holy_Land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French domains of the Holy Land (page does not exist)">French domains of the Holy Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul">Saint Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam">Amsterdam Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands in<wbr /> the Indian Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassas_da_India" title="Bassas da India">Bassas da India</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Island" title="Europa Island">Europa Island</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorioso_Islands" title="Glorioso Islands">Glorioso Islands</a><sup><small>2, 3</small></sup> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Banc_du_Geyser" title="Banc du Geyser">Banc du Geyser</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Nova_Island" title="Juan de Nova Island">Juan de Nova Island</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin Island</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Also known as <a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France" title="Overseas departments and regions of France">overseas departments</a></li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup> Claimed by the <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><sup><small>3</small></sup> Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><sup><small>4</small></sup> Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Togo_articles361" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Togo_topics" title="Template:Togo topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Togo_topics" title="Template talk:Togo topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Togo_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Togo topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Togo_articles361" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Togo" title="History of Togo">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Atakpam%C3%A9" title="Battle of Atakpamé">Battle of Atakpamé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Togo" title="List of colonial governors of Togo">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togoland" title="Togoland">Togoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_theatre_of_World_War_I#West_Africa" title="African theatre of World War I">West Africa Campaign <span style="font-size:85%;">(World War I)</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Togoland_campaign" title="Togoland campaign">Togoland campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Togoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pya-Hodo_Massacre" title="Pya-Hodo Massacre">Pya-Hodo Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Togolese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1963 Togolese coup d'état">1963 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Togolese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1967 Togolese coup d'état">1967 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Togolese_coup_attempt" title="1986 Togolese coup attempt">1986 coup attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Togo" title="Coat of arms of Togo"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Armoiries_du_Togo.svg/80px-Armoiries_du_Togo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Armoiries_du_Togo.svg/120px-Armoiries_du_Togo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Armoiries_du_Togo.svg/160px-Armoiries_du_Togo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Togo" title="Geography of Togo">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Togo" title="Template:Borders of Togo">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Togo" title="List of cities in Togo">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Togo" title="Prefectures of Togo">Prefectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Togo" title="Regions of Togo">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Togo" title="List of rivers of Togo">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Togo" title="Wildlife of Togo">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Togo" title="Politics of Togo">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Togo" title="Elections in Togo">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Togo" title="Foreign relations of Togo">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_Armed_Forces" title="Togolese Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Togo" title="List of political parties in Togo">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Togo" title="List of presidents of Togo">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Togo" title="List of prime ministers of Togo">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_West_African_States" title="Central Bank of West African States">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFA_franc" title="CFA franc">Franc <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Togo" title="Telecommunications in Togo">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Togo" title="Trade unions in Togo">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Togo" title="Transport in Togo">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Togo" title="Category:Society of Togo">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Togo" title="Abortion in Togo">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_marriage_in_Togo" title="Child marriage in Togo">Child marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Togo" title="Culture of Togo">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Togo" title="Demographics of Togo">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Togo" title="Education in Togo">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Togo" title="Flag of Togo">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Togo" title="Human rights in Togo">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Togo" title="Human trafficking in Togo">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Togo" title="Languages of Togo">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Togo" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Togo">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Togo" title="Mass media in Togo">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Togo" title="Music of Togo">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Togo" title="Prostitution in Togo">Prostitution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Togo" title="Outline of Togo">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Togo" title="Category:Togo">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mandates_of_the_League_of_Nations_(1919–1946)160" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:League_of_Nations_mandates" title="Template:League of Nations mandates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:League_of_Nations_mandates" title="Template talk:League of Nations mandates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:League_of_Nations_mandates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:League of Nations mandates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mandates_of_the_League_of_Nations_(1919–1946)160" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">Mandates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> (1919–1946)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Palestine" title="Mandate for Palestine">Palestine</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Trans-Jordan_memorandum" title="Trans-Jordan memorandum">Transjordan</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Syria_and_the_Lebanon" title="Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon">Syria and Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Mesopotamia" title="Mandate for Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">not enacted</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_(1939).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_%281939%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_%281939%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_%281939%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_%281939%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_%281939%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_League_of_Nations_%281939%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruanda-Urundi" title="Ruanda-Urundi">Ruanda-Urundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_Territory" title="Tanganyika Territory">Tanganyika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Cameroons" title="British Cameroons">British Cameroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Cameroons" class="mw-redirect" title="French Cameroons">French Cameroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Togoland" title="British Togoland">British Togoland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">French Togoland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class C</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_New_Guinea" title="Territory of New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nauru#World_War_I_to_World_War_II" title="History of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_Mandate" title="South Seas Mandate">South Seas Mandate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa" title="South West Africa">South West Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Western_Samoa" title="Territory of Western Samoa">Western Samoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Trust_Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Trust Territories">United Nations Trust Territories</a> (post-1946)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" 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