CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>War of the Castilian Succession - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"c9fd34ee-52cb-4557-b3b4-cf2f10d6ec1c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"War_of_the_Castilian_Succession","wgTitle":"War of the Castilian Succession","wgCurRevisionId":1260362450,"wgRevisionId":1260362450,"wgArticleId":6871959,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: missing periodical","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014","Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from June 2024","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from September 2024","Articles with permanently dead external links", "Wars of succession involving the states and peoples of Europe","1470s in Europe","Civil wars in Spain","Civil wars in former countries","Civil wars of the Middle Ages","Wars involving Portugal","1470s conflicts","15th century in Castile","Invasions of Spain","Invasions by Portugal","Wars involving the Kingdom of Castile","Wars involving the Crown of Aragon"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"War_of_the_Castilian_Succession","wgRelevantArticleId":6871959,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true, "watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q282135","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/IsabelandJuana.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="789"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/IsabelandJuana.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="526"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="421"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="War of the Castilian Succession - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-War_of_the_Castilian_Succession rootpage-War_of_the_Castilian_Succession skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=War+of+the+Castilian+Succession" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=War+of+the+Castilian+Succession" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=War+of+the+Castilian+Succession" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=War+of+the+Castilian+Succession" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Background-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Background subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Succession_to_Crown_of_Castile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession_to_Crown_of_Castile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Succession to Crown of Castile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succession_to_Crown_of_Castile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_alliances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_alliances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>International alliances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_alliances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_between_Castile_and_Portugal_in_the_Atlantic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_between_Castile_and_Portugal_in_the_Atlantic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Rivalry between Castile and Portugal in the Atlantic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_between_Castile_and_Portugal_in_the_Atlantic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Conflict</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Conflict-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Conflict subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Combatants_in_1475" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combatants_in_1475"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Combatants in 1475</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combatants_in_1475-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fight_for_throne_(May_1475_–_September_1476)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fight_for_throne_(May_1475_–_September_1476)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Fight for throne (May 1475 – September 1476)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fight_for_throne_(May_1475_–_September_1476)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Afonso_V_enters_Castile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afonso_V_enters_Castile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Afonso V enters Castile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afonso_V_enters_Castile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isabellian_counterattack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isabellian_counterattack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Isabellian counterattack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isabellian_counterattack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Battle_of_Toro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_of_Toro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Battle of Toro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_of_Toro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_at_sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_at_sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>War at sea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_at_sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_intervention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_intervention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span>French intervention</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_intervention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Battle_of_Cabo_São_Vicente" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_of_Cabo_São_Vicente"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.6</span> <span>Battle of Cabo São Vicente</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_of_Cabo_São_Vicente-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consolidation_of_Isabella_and_Ferdinand_(September_1476_–_January_1479)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consolidation_of_Isabella_and_Ferdinand_(September_1476_–_January_1479)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Consolidation of Isabella and Ferdinand (September 1476 – January 1479)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consolidation_of_Isabella_and_Ferdinand_(September_1476_–_January_1479)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Submission_of_the_Joanna_alliance_to_Isabella_and_Ferdinand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Submission_of_the_Joanna_alliance_to_Isabella_and_Ferdinand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Submission of the Joanna alliance to Isabella and Ferdinand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Submission_of_the_Joanna_alliance_to_Isabella_and_Ferdinand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return_of_Afonso_V" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return_of_Afonso_V"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Return of Afonso V</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Return_of_Afonso_V-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expeditions_to_Guinea_and_Canary_Islands,_1478" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expeditions_to_Guinea_and_Canary_Islands,_1478"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>Expeditions to Guinea and Canary Islands, 1478</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expeditions_to_Guinea_and_Canary_Islands,_1478-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peace_between_Castile_and_France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peace_between_Castile_and_France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.4</span> <span>Peace between Castile and France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peace_between_Castile_and_France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_phases_(January_–_September_1479)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_phases_(January_–_September_1479)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Final phases (January – September 1479)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_phases_(January_–_September_1479)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Portuguese_offensive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portuguese_offensive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Portuguese offensive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portuguese_offensive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Pope_switches_sides" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Pope_switches_sides"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>The Pope switches sides</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Pope_switches_sides-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Last_Castilian_initiatives_at_sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Last_Castilian_initiatives_at_sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Last Castilian initiatives at sea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Last_Castilian_initiatives_at_sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peace_talks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peace_talks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.4</span> <span>Peace talks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peace_talks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treaty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treaty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Treaty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treaty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Chronicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chronicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">War of the Castilian Succession</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حرب الخلافة القشتالية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حرب الخلافة القشتالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Socesi%C3%B3n_Castellana" title="Guerra de Socesión Castellana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guerra de Socesión Castellana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%8E_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Вайна за кастыльскую спадчыну – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вайна за кастыльскую спадчыну" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Вайна за Кастыльскую Спадчыну – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вайна за Кастыльскую Спадчыну" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezel_H%C3%AArezh_Kastilha" title="Brezel Hêrezh Kastilha – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Brezel Hêrezh Kastilha" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Successi%C3%B3_de_Castella" title="Guerra de Successió de Castella – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guerra de Successió de Castella" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastilischer_Erbfolgekrieg" title="Kastilischer Erbfolgekrieg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kastilischer Erbfolgekrieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_sucesi%C3%B3n_castellana" title="Guerra de sucesión castellana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guerra de sucesión castellana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milito_de_Kastilia_Sukcedo" title="Milito de Kastilia Sukcedo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Milito de Kastilia Sukcedo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaztelako_Ondorengotzaren_Gerra" title="Gaztelako Ondorengotzaren Gerra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gaztelako Ondorengotzaren Gerra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="جنگ جانشینی کاستیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ جانشینی کاستیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerre_de_Succession_de_Castille" title="Guerre de Succession de Castille – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guerre de Succession de Castille" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Sucesi%C3%B3n_castel%C3%A1" title="Guerra de Sucesión castelá – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Guerra de Sucesión castelá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_di_successione_castigliana" title="Guerra di successione castigliana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guerra di successione castigliana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מלחמת הירושה הקסטיליאנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלחמת הירושה הקסטיליאנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1" title="ომი კასტილიური მემკვიდრეობისათვის – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ომი კასტილიური მემკვიდრეობისათვის" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaszt%C3%ADliai_%C3%B6r%C3%B6k%C3%B6s%C3%B6d%C3%A9si_h%C3%A1bor%C3%BA" title="Kasztíliai örökösödési háború – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kasztíliai örökösödési háború" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castiliaanse_successieoorlog" title="Castiliaanse successieoorlog – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Castiliaanse successieoorlog" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Sucess%C3%A3o_de_Castela" title="Guerra de Sucessão de Castela – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guerra de Sucessão de Castela" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Война за кастильское наследство – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Война за кастильское наследство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%99%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%92%D0%B5" title="Рат за кастиљанско наслеђе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рат за кастиљанско наслеђе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83_(1475%E2%80%941479)" title="Війна за кастильську спадщину (1475—1479) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Війна за кастильську спадщину (1475—1479)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q282135#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&oldid=1260362450" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&id=1260362450&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWar_of_the_Castilian_Succession"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWar_of_the_Castilian_Succession"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q282135" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Civil war in the Kingdom of Castile (1475–1479)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">War of the Castilian Succession</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:IsabelandJuana.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/IsabelandJuana.JPG/220px-IsabelandJuana.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/IsabelandJuana.JPG/330px-IsabelandJuana.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/IsabelandJuana.JPG 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="250" /></a></span><br />The two primary claimants: <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joanna_la_Beltraneja" title="Joanna la Beltraneja">Joanna la Beltraneja</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>1475 – 4 September 1479</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <p><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a>: </p> <ul><li>Isabella is recognised as Queen of Castile</li> <li>Marriage of <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal">Isabella of Aragon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Afonso,_Prince_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Afonso, Prince of Portugal">Afonso of Portugal</a></li> <li>Portugal gains <a href="/wiki/Hegemony" title="Hegemony">hegemony</a> in the Atlantic south of the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li>Portugal recognizes Castile's claim to the Canary Islands</li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/20px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/40px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> Isabella's supporters</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_Aragon-Sicily_(Template).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg/20px-Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg/30px-Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg/40px-Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="910" data-file-height="1060" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Aragon" title="Crown of Aragon">Crown of Aragon</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/20px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/40px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> Joanna's supporters</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_(as_claimant_King_of_Castile).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/20px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/40px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="479" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France_moderne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/France_moderne.svg/20px-France_moderne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/France_moderne.svg/30px-France_moderne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/France_moderne.svg/40px-France_moderne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="641" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg/15px-Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg/23px-Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg/30px-Escudo_de_Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="1104" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza" title="Pedro González de Mendoza">Pedro González de Mendoza</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg/15px-COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg/23px-COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg/30px-COA_Duque_de_Alburquerque.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="603" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Beltr%C3%A1n_de_la_Cueva" class="mw-redirect" title="Beltrán de la Cueva">Beltrán de la Cueva</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Garc%C3%ADa_de_Madrid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco García de Madrid (page does not exist)">Francisco García</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrique_P%C3%A9rez_de_Guzm%C3%A1n_y_Fonseca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrique Pérez de Guzmán y Fonseca (page does not exist)">Pérez de Guzmán</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_Aragon-Sicily_(Template).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg/15px-Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg/23px-Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg/30px-Arms_Aragon-Sicily_%28Template%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="910" data-file-height="1060" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_Santiago.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/15px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/23px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/30px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1019" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Alonso de Cárdenas">Alonso de Cárdenas</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_Santiago.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/15px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/23px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/30px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1019" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Manrique" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Manrique">Rodrigo Manrique</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_Santiago.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/15px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/23px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/30px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1019" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Manrique" title="Jorge Manrique">Jorge Manrique</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Joanna_la_Beltraneja" title="Joanna la Beltraneja">Joanna 'la Beltraneja'</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg/15px-Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg/23px-Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg/30px-Escudo_de_Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="1130" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a" title="Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña">Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_(1456-1529).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_%281456-1529%29.svg/15px-Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_%281456-1529%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_%281456-1529%29.svg/23px-Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_%281456-1529%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_%281456-1529%29.svg/30px-Blason_Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco_%281456-1529%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego López Pacheco">Diego López Pacheco</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_y_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Álvaro de Zúñiga y Guzmán">Álvaro de Zúñiga</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_(15th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Crown_of_Castile_%2815th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Ponce_de_Le%C3%B3n_y_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Ponce de León y Núñez (page does not exist)">Ponce de León</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_Calatrava.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cross_Calatrava.svg/15px-Cross_Calatrava.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cross_Calatrava.svg/23px-Cross_Calatrava.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cross_Calatrava.svg/30px-Cross_Calatrava.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Tellez_Giron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Tellez Giron (page does not exist)">Rodrigo Téllez Girón</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_(as_claimant_King_of_Castile).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="479" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Afonso_V_of_Portugal" title="Afonso V of Portugal">Afonso V of Portugal</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_(as_claimant_King_of_Castile).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/15px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/23px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_Afonso_V_of_Portugal_%28as_claimant_King_of_Castile%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="479" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Portugal" title="John II of Portugal">Prince John of Portugal</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:France_moderne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/France_moderne.svg/15px-France_moderne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/France_moderne.svg/23px-France_moderne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/France_moderne.svg/30px-France_moderne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="641" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="Template:Campaignbox War of the Castilian Succession"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="Template talk:Campaignbox War of the Castilian Succession"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox War of the Castilian Succession"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="wrap">War of the Castilian Succession</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Burgos_(1475)" title="Siege of Burgos (1475)">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toro" title="Battle of Toro">Toro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Cape_St._Vincent_(1476)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1476) (page does not exist)">Cape St. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Fuenterrab%C3%ADa_(1476)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Fuenterrabía (1476) (page does not exist)">Fuenterrabía</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Mour%C3%A3o_(1477)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mourão (1477) (page does not exist)">Mourão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Albuera_(1479)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Albuera (1479) (page does not exist)">Albuera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>War of the Castilian Succession</b> was the military conflict contested from 1475 to 1479 for the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">succession</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Crown of Castile</a> fought between the supporters of <a href="/wiki/Joanna_la_Beltraneja" title="Joanna la Beltraneja">Joanna 'la Beltraneja'</a>, reputed daughter of the late monarch <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_Castile" title="Henry IV of Castile">Henry IV of Castile</a>, and those of Henry's half-sister, <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella</a>, who was ultimately successful. </p><p>The war had a marked international character, as Isabella was married to <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Aragon" title="Crown of Aragon">Crown of Aragon</a>, while Joanna was strategically married to King <a href="/wiki/Afonso_V_of_Portugal" title="Afonso V of Portugal">Afonso V of Portugal</a>, her uncle, after the suggestion of her supporters. France intervened in support of Portugal, as they were rivals with Aragon for territory in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roussillon" title="Roussillon">Roussillon</a>. </p><p>Despite a few initial successes by the supporters of Joanna, a lack of military aggressiveness by Afonso V and the stalemate<sup id="cite_ref-As_noted_by_Spanish_scholars_Luis_Suárez_Fernández,_Juan_de_Mata_Carriazo_and_by_Manuel_F._Álvarez_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-As_noted_by_Spanish_scholars_Luis_Suárez_Fernández,_Juan_de_Mata_Carriazo_and_by_Manuel_F._Álvarez-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toro" title="Battle of Toro">Battle of Toro</a> (1476) led to the disintegration of Joanna's alliance and the recognition of Isabella in the Courts of Madrigal-Segovia (April–October 1476): "In 1476, immediately after the indecisive battle of Peleagonzalo [near Toro], Ferdinand and Isabella hailed the result as a great victory and called Courts at Madrigal. The newly gained prestige was used to win municipal support from their allies ..." (Marvin Lunenfeld).<sup id="cite_ref-Marvin_Lunenfeld_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marvin_Lunenfeld-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The war between Castile and Portugal alone continued. This included naval warfare in the Atlantic, which became more important: a struggle for maritime access to the wealth of <a href="/wiki/Guinea_(region)" title="Guinea (region)">Guinea</a> (gold and slaves). In 1478, the Portuguese navy defeated the Castilians in the decisive <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">Battle of Guinea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Historian_Malyn_Newitt_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historian_Malyn_Newitt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bailey_W._Diffie_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bailey_W._Diffie-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Battle_of_Guinea_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Battle_of_Guinea-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The war concluded in 1479 with the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a>, which recognized Isabella and Ferdinand as sovereigns of Castile and granted Portugal hegemony in the Atlantic, with the exception of the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>. Joanna lost her right to the throne of Castile and remained in Portugal until her death. </p><p>This conflict has also been called the <b>Second Castilian Civil War</b>, but this name may lead to confusion with the <a href="/wiki/Castilian_Civil_War" title="Castilian Civil War">other civil wars that involved Castile</a> in the 14th and 15th centuries. Some authors refer to it as the <b>War of Portugal</b>; however, this name clearly represents a Castilian point of view and implicitly denies Joanna's claim. At other times the term <i>Peninsular War</i> has been used, but it is easily confused with the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a> of 1808–1814, part of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. Some authors prefer the neutral expression <b>War of 1475–1479</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Succession_to_Crown_of_Castile">Succession to Crown of Castile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Succession to Crown of Castile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IsabellaofCastile05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/IsabellaofCastile05.jpg/170px-IsabellaofCastile05.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/IsabellaofCastile05.jpg/255px-IsabellaofCastile05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/IsabellaofCastile05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="558" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Joanna_la_Beltraneja" title="Joanna la Beltraneja">Joanna</a>, born in 1462, was the only child born to King <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_Castile" title="Henry IV of Castile">Henry IV of Castile</a> and was called <a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Asturias" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess of Asturias">Princess of Asturias</a> as <a href="/wiki/Heir_presumptive" title="Heir presumptive">heir presumptive</a> to the throne. A rumour spread that she was not actually the daughter of King Henry but rather of <a href="/wiki/Beltr%C3%A1n_de_la_Cueva" class="mw-redirect" title="Beltrán de la Cueva">Beltrán de la Cueva</a>, the alleged lover of Henry's wife, <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Portugal" title="Joan of Portugal">Joan of Portugal</a>. Joanna was thus nicknamed "la Beltraneja", as a mocking reference to her assumed father. Pressure from members of the nobility forced the King to strip her of the title and name his half-brother Alfonso as heir presumptive in 1464.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1465, a group of nobility called the <a href="/wiki/Liga_Nobiliaria" title="Liga Nobiliaria">Liga Nobiliaria</a> assembled in <a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ávila, Spain">Ávila</a> and overthrew King Henry, replacing him with Alfonso. That led to a war that ended in 1468 with the natural death of the 14-year-old Alfonso.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Henry IV regained the throne, but the title of heir became disputed between Joanna, his daughter, and Isabella, his half-sister. That was resolved via the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_the_Bulls_of_Guisando" title="Treaty of the Bulls of Guisando">Treaty of the Bulls of Guisando</a>, which gave Isabella succession rights but restricted her marriage options. Isabella secretly married <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand</a> in 1469 at the age of 17, ignoring Henry IV's wishes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Gradually, the couple gained a larger number of supporters and obtained a <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">papal bull</a> sanctioning their marriage from <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_IV" title="Pope Sixtus IV">Pope Sixtus IV</a> in 1472 and gained the support of the powerful <a href="/wiki/House_of_Mendoza" title="House of Mendoza">Mendoza</a> family in 1473.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When Henry IV died in December 1474, both candidates for the throne were proclaimed Queen of Castile by their respective supporters. Aware of their position of weakness against Isabella's supporters, Joanna's supporters proposed for the 43-year-old King <a href="/wiki/Afonso_V_of_Portugal" title="Afonso V of Portugal">Afonso V of Portugal</a>, a widower for some 20 years, to marry Joanna, his niece, and assume the throne of Castile with her.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_alliances">International alliances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International alliances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Europa_en_1470_(SO)_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Europa_en_1470_%28SO%29_en.svg/250px-Europa_en_1470_%28SO%29_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Europa_en_1470_%28SO%29_en.svg/375px-Europa_en_1470_%28SO%29_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Europa_en_1470_%28SO%29_en.svg/500px-Europa_en_1470_%28SO%29_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="291" /></a><figcaption>Western Europe in 1470</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a> and the Crown of Aragon maintained a long-held rivalry for the control of <a href="/wiki/Roussillon" title="Roussillon">Roussillon</a> and, more recently, for hegemony in Italy. In June 1474, French troops invaded Roussillon and the Aragonese were forced to retreat. On the possibility that the heir to the throne of Aragon would also become King of Castile, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a> officially positioned himself on the side of Joanna and Afonso in September 1475.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>France was simultaneously at war with the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Duchy of Burgundy</a>. That made Burgundy into theoretical allies of Isabella's supporters, but in practice, it continued its war against France without coordinating their actions with the Isabella alliance.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">Kingdom of England</a> was also briefly at war with France with the disembarkation of King <a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">Edward IV</a> in <a href="/wiki/Calais" title="Calais">Calais</a> in June 1475, but by a quick diplomatic response, Louis negotiated peace with Edward and signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Picquigny" title="Treaty of Picquigny">Treaty of Picquigny</a> in August. Edward IV accepted a truce of nine years, in exchange for significant economic compensation, and returned to England.<sup id="cite_ref-CASTELOT_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CASTELOT-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Kingdom of Navarre</a> was experiencing an intermittent <a href="/wiki/Navarrese_Civil_War_(1451%E2%80%931455)" title="Navarrese Civil War (1451–1455)">civil war</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Granada" title="Emirate of Granada">Muslim Kingdom of Granada</a> remained neutral despite Portuguese efforts to draw it into the war.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalry_between_Castile_and_Portugal_in_the_Atlantic">Rivalry between Castile and Portugal in the Atlantic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rivalry between Castile and Portugal in the Atlantic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg/170px-Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg/255px-Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg/340px-Caravela_Vera_Cruz_no_rio_Tejo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="912" /></a><figcaption>Modern reconstruction of a Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Caravel" title="Caravel">caravel</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal_(1415%E2%80%931578)" title="History of Portugal (1415–1578)">History of Portugal (1415–1578)</a></div> <p>Throughout the 15th century, merchants, explorers, and fishermen of Portugal and Castile had been penetrating further into the Atlantic Ocean. The possession of the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> was a point of contention between the two Crowns. Later on, the control of commerce with the territories of <a href="/wiki/Guinea_(region)" title="Guinea (region)">Guinea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina">Elmina</a>, rich in <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Enslaved_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Enslaved people">enslaved people</a>, grew to a dispute of even greater importance.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the first half of the century, Castile staged the conquest of a few of the Canary Islands (<a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">Hierro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a>) by feudal pacts, first with <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Norman</a> knights and later with Castilian nobles. Portugal opposed Castilian authority on the islands and continued the exploration of <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a>, with significant commercial benefits.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1452, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_V" title="Pope Nicholas V">Pope Nicholas V</a> and his successor, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_III" title="Pope Callixtus III">Callixtus III</a>, modified the previous policy of the neutrality of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> and issued a series of <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">bulls</a> favourable to Portugal. They gave Portugal commercial control and ample religious authority over all of Guinea, and in areas "further beyond". The Holy See did not arbitrate the question of the Canaries, whose conquest had been left relatively suspended. The King of Portugal adopted a freer commercial policy that allowed foreign subjects to trade on the African coasts, in exchange for taxes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In August 1475, after the start of the war, Isabella claimed that parts of Africa and Guinea belonged to Castile by right and incited Castilian merchants to sail to them. That initiated a naval war in the Atlantic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conflict">Conflict</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conflict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Combatants_in_1475">Combatants in 1475</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Combatants in 1475"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In favour of Joanna: </p> <ul><li>Portugal</li> <li>France</li> <li>Some of the high Castilian nobility and descendants of Portuguese families who settled in Castile after 1385; the Archbishop of Toledo (<a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a" title="Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña">Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña</a>); the <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%BA%C3%B1iga_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Estúñiga family">Estúñiga family</a>, with land bordering Portugal and Navarrese ancestors; the Marquis of Villena (<a href="/wiki/Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego López Pacheco">Diego López Pacheco</a>); the Marquis of Cádiz (<a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Ponce_de_Le%C3%B3n,_Duke_of_C%C3%A1diz" title="Rodrigo Ponce de León, Duke of Cádiz">Rodrigo Ponce de León</a>);<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the grandmaster of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Calatrava" title="Order of Calatrava">Order of Calatrava</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_T%C3%A9llez_Gir%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Téllez Girón (page does not exist)">Rodrigo Téllez Girón</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Giron_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giron-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In favour of Isabella: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Aragon" title="Crown of Aragon">Crown of Aragon</a></li> <li>The rest of the Castilian nobility: the powerful <a href="/wiki/Mendoza_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendoza family">Mendoza family</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Lara_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Lara family">Manrique de Lara family</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" title="Duke of Medina Sidonia">Duke of Medina Sidonia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enrique_P%C3%A9rez_de_Guzm%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Enrique Pérez de Guzmán">Enrique Pérez de Guzmán</a>); <a href="/wiki/Beltr%C3%A1n_de_la_Cueva" class="mw-redirect" title="Beltrán de la Cueva">Beltrán de la Cueva</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Santiago" title="Order of Santiago">Order of Santiago</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Calatrava" title="Order of Calatrava">Order of Calatrava</a>, except its grandmaster.<sup id="cite_ref-Giron_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giron-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The Duchy of Burgundy and the Kingdom of England were at war with France in 1475, but they did not coordinate their actions with the supporters of Isabella and so are rarely considered part of the Isabella alliance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fight_for_throne_(May_1475_–_September_1476)"><span id="Fight_for_throne_.28May_1475_.E2.80.93_September_1476.29"></span>Fight for throne (May 1475 – September 1476)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Fight for throne (May 1475 – September 1476)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Afonso_V_enters_Castile">Afonso V enters Castile</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Afonso V enters Castile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Burgos_(1475)" title="Siege of Burgos (1475)">Siege of Burgos (1475)</a></div> <p>A Portuguese army entered the territory of the Crown of Castile under the command of Afonso V on May 10, 1475, and advanced to <a href="/wiki/Plasencia" title="Plasencia">Plasencia</a>, where Joanna was expecting him.<sup id="cite_ref-NAVARRO_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAVARRO-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joanna and Afonso were proclaimed sovereigns of Castile on May 25 and were married; the required Papal dispensation (Joanna was Afonso's niece) arrived a few months later. From Plasencia, they marched to <a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A9valo" title="Arévalo">Arévalo</a>, with the intention of heading towards <a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a>. There, Afonso hoped to be able to unite with any troops sent by his ally, Louis XI of France. </p><p>The castle of Burgos and the cities of Plasencia and Arévalo were controlled by the Estúñiga family, supporters of Joanna. The city of Burgos, controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Velasco,_2nd_Count_of_Haro" title="Pedro Fernández de Velasco, 2nd Count of Haro">Fernandez de Velasco</a> family, backed Isabella. </p><p>Afonso found fewer supporters in Castile than he expected and changed his plans, preferring to instead consolidate his control in the area closest to Portugal, in particular <a href="/wiki/Toro,_Zamora" title="Toro, Zamora">Toro</a>, a city that received him favourably even though the garrison of the castle proclaimed itself loyal to Isabella. Zamora and other <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">Leonese</a> villages of the lower <a href="/wiki/Douro" title="Douro">Douro</a> also accepted him. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/La_Mancha" title="La Mancha">La Mancha</a>, Rodrigo Tellez-Giron, the Master of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Calatrava" title="Order of Calatrava">Order of Calatrava</a>, supporter of Joanna, conquered <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Real" title="Ciudad Real">Ciudad Real</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Manrique" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Manrique">Rodrigo Manrique</a>, treasurer of that same Order and the Master of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Santiago" title="Order of Santiago">Order of Santiago</a>, reconquered the city for Isabella.<sup id="cite_ref-CIUDAD_RUIZ_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIUDAD_RUIZ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ferdinand concentrated an army in <a href="/wiki/Tordesillas" title="Tordesillas">Tordesillas</a>, and on July 15, he ordered it to march to seek an encounter with Afonso. Four days later, they arrived at Toro, where the King of Portugal avoided direct combat. Ferdinand, lacking the necessary resources for a prolonged siege, was forced to return to Tordesillas and disband his army. The castle of Toro surrendered to Afonso V, who returned to Arévalo to wait for the expected French intervention. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Alfonso_Pimentel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Alfonso Pimentel (page does not exist)">Rodrigo Alfonso Pimentel</a>, Count of Benavente and supporter of Isabella, situated himself with a small force in <a href="/wiki/Baltan%C3%A1s" title="Baltanás">Baltanás</a> to monitor the Portuguese. He was attacked on November 18, 1475 and was defeated and imprisoned. Even though this victory opened the way to Burgos, Afonso V decided once again to withdraw, now to Zamora. His lack of aggressiveness debilitated the Juana alliance in Castile, which began to disintegrate.<sup id="cite_ref-Palenzuela_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palenzuela-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Isabellian_counterattack">Isabellian counterattack</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Isabellian counterattack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Supporters of Isabella counterattacked by taking <a href="/wiki/Trujillo,_C%C3%A1ceres" title="Trujillo, Cáceres">Trujillo</a> and gaining control of the lands of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Alc%C3%A1ntara" title="Order of Alcántara">Order of Alcántara</a>, a significant portion of those of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Calatrava" title="Order of Calatrava">Order of Calatrava</a>, and of the <a href="/wiki/Marquisate_of_Villena" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquisate of Villena">Marquisate of Villena</a>. On December 4, part of the garrison in Zamora rebelled against King Afonso, who was forced to flee to Toro. The Portuguese garrison maintained control of the castle, but the city received Prince Ferdinand the following day. </p><p>In January 1476, the castle of Burgos surrendered to Isabella by a pact that avoided reprisals against the defeated. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_of_Toro">Battle of Toro</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Battle of Toro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG/220px-Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG/330px-Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG/440px-Castillo_de_Zamora-2011.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Castle of Zamora</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toro" title="Battle of Toro">Battle of Toro</a></div> <p>In February 1476, the Portuguese army, reinforced by troops brought by <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Portugal" title="John II of Portugal">John II of Portugal</a>, son of Afonso V, left its base in Toro and surrounded Ferdinand in Zamora. The siege took a worse toll on the Portuguese than on those under siege because of the Castilian winter, and on March 1, Afonso V withdrew back towards Toro. Ferdinand and his troops launched a pursuit and caught up to the Portuguese one <a href="/wiki/League_(unit)" title="League (unit)">league</a> (about 5 km) from Toro,<sup id="cite_ref-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and combat began. </p><p>After three hours of fighting interrupted by rain and nightfall, the King of Portugal withdrew to <a href="/wiki/Castronu%C3%B1o" title="Castronuño">Castronuño</a> with part of his troops. His son, John, remained near Toro, retreating with his army in an organized fashion towards the city and even taking a few enemy prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-Palenzuela_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palenzuela-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As summarized by Irish scholar <a href="/wiki/J._B._Bury" title="J. B. Bury">John B. Bury</a>: "After nine months, occupied with frontier raids and fruitless negotiations, the Castilian and Portuguese armies met at Toro... and fought an indecisive battle, for while Afonso was beaten and fled, his son John destroyed the forces opposed to him...."<sup id="cite_ref-John_B._Bury_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John_B._Bury-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Publicists from both sides claimed victory. Politically, the battle was decisive because subsequently the bulk of the Portuguese troops retreated back to Portugal along with Joanna, whose side now had hardly any troops in Castile.<sup id="cite_ref-ref2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="War_at_sea">War at sea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: War at sea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the objectives of Isabella and Ferdinand was to challenge Portugal's monopoly on the rich Atlantic territories of Guinea. The gold and slaves constituted an important source of income which could be used to finance the war, and therefore expeditions to Guinea became a priority for both belligerent sides. </p><p>Portuguese ships had transversed the Andalusian coast, apprehending fishing and merchant ships, since the start of the war. To stop this, Isabella and Ferdinand sent four <a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">galleys</a> under the command of <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81lvaro_de_la_Nava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Álvaro de la Nava (page does not exist)">Álvaro de la Nava</a>, who stopped the Portuguese incursions and plundered the Portuguese city of <a href="/wiki/Alcoutim" title="Alcoutim">Alcoutim</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Guadiana" title="Guadiana">Guadiana</a> River.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sailors from <a href="/wiki/Palos_de_la_Frontera" title="Palos de la Frontera">Palos de la Frontera</a> pillaged the coasts of Guinea. <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_de_Palencia" title="Alfonso de Palencia">Alfonso de Palencia</a>, official chronicler of Isabella, narrates an expedition in which two <a href="/wiki/Caravel" title="Caravel">caravels</a> from Palos captured 120 Africans and sold them as slaves. Despite protests by the monarchs, shortly afterwards another fleet of three caravels captured an African king and 140 nobles of his village.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1476, Isabella ordered the liberation of the "King of Guinea" and his entourage.<sup id="cite_ref-ref3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The order was only partly obeyed, as the king was liberated and return to Guinea, but his companions were all sold as slaves.<sup id="cite_ref-ref3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1476, a Portuguese fleet of twenty ships commanded by <a href="/wiki/Fern%C3%A3o_Gomes" title="Fernão Gomes">Fernão Gomes</a> set sail towards Guinea to attempt to regain control there.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King of Castile ordered the preparation of a fleet to apprehend the Portuguese and appointed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_de_Valera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos de Valera (page does not exist)">Carlos de Valera</a> to command.<sup id="cite_ref-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had numerous problems preparing the expedition, because he was opposed by the Marquis of Cadiz, the Duke of Medina Sidonia, and the Estuñiga family.<sup id="cite_ref-Blake_91_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake_91-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The preparations were also delayed by a naval battle that took place when the Castilians found out that one or two Portuguese ships with a rich cargo had left the Mediterranean to return to Portugal under the escort of the pirate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alvar_M%C3%A9ndez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alvar Méndez (page does not exist)">Alvar Méndez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Blake_88_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake_88-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A fleet of five galleys and five caravels captained by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_de_Valera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos de Valera (page does not exist)">Carlos de Valera</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9s_Sonier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrés Sonier (page does not exist)">Andrés Sonier</a> intercepted them in <a href="/wiki/Sanl%C3%BAcar_de_Barrameda" title="Sanlúcar de Barrameda">Sanlúcar de Barrameda</a>, and were victorious after a hard-fought battle.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Valera gathered a fleet of three Basque ships and nine Andalusian caravels<sup id="cite_ref-AZNAR_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AZNAR-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (25 caravels according to Palencia), all heavily armed. There was no longer any possibility of intercepting the Portuguese fleet so he decided, after stopping at <a href="/wiki/Porto_Santo_Island" title="Porto Santo Island">Porto Santo Island</a>, to head towards the island of <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Noli" class="mw-redirect" title="António Noli">António Noli</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a> archipelago, near the coast of Guinea. They plundered the island and captured António Noli, who then held the territory feudally from the King of Portugal. </p><p>They next set sail for the coast of Africa, where they captured two caravels owned by the Marquis of Cadiz containing a shipment of 500 slaves. The sailors from Palos separated themselves from the expedition at this point. They were the most knowledgeable in the maritime navigation of Guinea so Valera returned to Andalusia.<sup id="cite_ref-Blake_91_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake_91-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This expedition obtained few economic benefits, as most of the slaves were returned to the Marquis of Cadiz, and Valera was forced to indemnify the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" title="Duke of Medina Sidonia">Duke of Medina Sidonia</a> for the damages caused on the Island of Noli, which the Duke claimed as his.<sup id="cite_ref-Blake_91_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake_91-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="French_intervention">French intervention</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: French intervention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel,_1470_(thumb).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel%2C_1470_%28thumb%29.jpg/220px-Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel%2C_1470_%28thumb%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel%2C_1470_%28thumb%29.jpg/330px-Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel%2C_1470_%28thumb%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel%2C_1470_%28thumb%29.jpg/440px-Louis_XI_pr%C3%A9side_le_chapitre_de_Saint-Michel%2C_1470_%28thumb%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On September 23, 1475, Louis XI of France signed a treaty of alliance with Afonso V of Portugal.<sup id="cite_ref-CASTELOT_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CASTELOT-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between March and June 1476, French troops captained by <a href="/wiki/Alain_I_of_Albret" title="Alain I of Albret">Alain I of Albret</a> tried to cross the border at <a href="/wiki/Fuenterrab%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuenterrabía">Fuenterrabía</a> but were repelled. Ferdinand took advantage of the situation to secure his position in the unsettled Kingdom of Navarre. In August, negotiations began in <a href="/wiki/Tudela,_Navarre" title="Tudela, Navarre">Tudela</a>, which culminated with the signing of an accord by which the belligerent parties of the Navarrese Civil War put an end to their conflict. Ferdinand obtained the control of <a href="/wiki/Viana,_Spain" title="Viana, Spain">Viana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puente_La_Reina" class="mw-redirect" title="Puente La Reina">Puente La Reina</a>, and other strongholds, as well as the right to maintain a garrison of 150 lances in <a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a>. </p><p>Thus, Castile strengthened itself militarily against a possible French penetration into Navarre.<sup id="cite_ref-Fernandez_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fernandez-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 1476, Afonso V of Portugal departed towards France after signing a truce with Isabella and Ferdinand. There he tried to convince Louis XI to involve France to a greater extent in the war. Louis refused, as he was focused on defeating his main enemy, <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a>, Duke of Burgundy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_of_Cabo_São_Vicente"><span id="Battle_of_Cabo_S.C3.A3o_Vicente"></span>Battle of Cabo São Vicente</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Battle of Cabo São Vicente"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The King of France sent the fleet of Norman pirate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Coullon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillaume Coullon (page does not exist)">Guillaume Coullon</a> as aid to Portugal. In August 1476, King Afonso sent two Portuguese galleys loaded with soldiers along with the 11 ships of Coullon to come in the aid of the castle of <a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a>. On August 7, this fleet encountered five armed merchant ships from Cadiz heading for England: three Genoese carracks, a galley, and a Flemish vessel. Coullon attempted to capture the merchants through a ploy, but failed, and was forced to engage in combat. The Franco-Portuguese side emerged victorious. Due to the use of incendiary weapons by the French, fire razed two Genoese ships, the Flemish vessel, two Portuguese galleys, and two of Coullon's ships. According to Palencia, some 2,500 French and Portuguese died.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consolidation_of_Isabella_and_Ferdinand_(September_1476_–_January_1479)"><span id="Consolidation_of_Isabella_and_Ferdinand_.28September_1476_.E2.80.93_January_1479.29"></span>Consolidation of Isabella and Ferdinand (September 1476 – January 1479)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Consolidation of Isabella and Ferdinand (September 1476 – January 1479)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After their strategic victory at the battle of Toro, the repulsion of the French attack, and the truce with Afonso V, Isabella and Ferdinand were in a powerful position to obtain the throne of Castile. Nobles of the Juana alliance were forced to accept the circumstances and gradually pledged their allegiance to Isabella and Ferdinand. The war was reduced to skirmishes along the Portuguese border and the continuation of the naval war for control of the Atlantic commerce. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Submission_of_the_Joanna_alliance_to_Isabella_and_Ferdinand">Submission of the Joanna alliance to Isabella and Ferdinand</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Submission of the Joanna alliance to Isabella and Ferdinand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout 1476, supporters of Joanna from the nobility continued to submit to Isabella and Ferdinand, particularly those from the Pacheco-Girón lineage: <a href="/wiki/Juan_T%C3%A9llez-Gir%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Téllez-Girón">Juan Téllez-Girón</a> and his brother <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_T%C3%A9llez-Gir%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Téllez-Girón (page does not exist)">Rodrigo</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_de_Portocarrero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis de Portocarrero (page does not exist)">Luis de Portocarrero</a>; and, in September, <a href="/wiki/Diego_L%C3%B3pez_Pacheco" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego López Pacheco">the Marquis of Villena</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIUDAD_RUIZ_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIUDAD_RUIZ-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1476, Isabella's troops captured the castle of Toro. In the following months, they took control of the last bordering localities controlled by the Portuguese and dealt with their adversaries in <a href="/wiki/Extremadura" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a>. </p><p>In July 1477, Isabella arrived in <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a>, the most populous city of Castile, with the objective of asserting her power over the nobility of <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a>. </p><p>In April 1476, Isabella and Ferdinand gave their first exculpation to the <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Ponce_de_Le%C3%B3n,_Duke_of_C%C3%A1diz" title="Rodrigo Ponce de León, Duke of Cádiz">Marquis of Cadiz</a>. He had been regaining power while his rival, the <a href="/wiki/Enrique_de_Guzm%C3%A1n,_2nd_Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Enrique de Guzmán, 2nd Duke of Medina Sidonia">Duke of Medina Sidonia</a>, initially the main Isabella supporter in Andalusia, had been falling into dishonour.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (June 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Through skilful negotiations, the Queen managed to take control of the main strongholds of Seville occupied by the Marquis and the Duke and, instead of returning them to their legitimate owners, named others as their heads. </p><p>She prohibited both nobles from entering the city of Seville, under the pretext that their simultaneous presence there would risk violent conflicts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (June 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In this way the Duke's political dominance over Seville disappeared, and the city passed into the control of the Crown. </p><p>One of the few nobles that refused to submit to the monarchs was Marshall <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fern%C3%A1n_Arias_de_Saavedra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fernán Arias de Saavedra (page does not exist)">Fernán Arias de Saavedra</a>. Isabella's troops laid siege to his fortress at <a href="/wiki/Utrera" title="Utrera">Utrera</a>, and conquered it by assault in March 1478. The defeated suffered harsh repression.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz200465_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz200465-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first son of the monarchs, <a href="/wiki/John,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="John, Prince of Asturias">John of Aragon and Castile</a>, was born in Seville on June 30, 1478, which opened new possibilities for dynastic stability of the Isabellian side. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Return_of_Afonso_V">Return of Afonso V</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Return of Afonso V"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After his diplomatic failure in France, Afonso V decided to return to Portugal. When he arrived in Portugal in October 1477, he found that his son John had proclaimed himself king. However, John happily received the return of his father and returned the Crown to him immediately.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Expeditions_to_Guinea_and_Canary_Islands,_1478"><span id="Expeditions_to_Guinea_and_Canary_Islands.2C_1478"></span>Expeditions to Guinea and Canary Islands, 1478</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Expeditions to Guinea and Canary Islands, 1478"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">Battle of Guinea</a></div> <p>In 1477, a fleet departed from Andalusia headed for Guinea.<sup id="cite_ref-AZNAR_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AZNAR-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the beginning of 1478, the monarchs prepared two new expeditions from the port of <a href="/wiki/Sanl%C3%BAcar_de_Barrameda" title="Sanlúcar de Barrameda">Sanlúcar de Barrameda</a>, one directed towards <a href="/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina">Elmina</a> and the other, consisting of at least 35 ships, with the aim of conquering the island of <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>. </p><p>Prince John of Portugal, aware of the Castilian plans, prepared an armada to surprise his enemies in the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>. The Castilian fleet at Gran Canaria was still disembarking its troops when news arrived that a Portuguese squadron was approaching. The Castilian fleet immediately set sail, leaving 300 Castilian soldiers behind. These troops managed to prevent a Portuguese disembarkation. The detachment was insufficient to conquer the island and was left inactive until Castilian reinforcements arrived on the island the next year.<sup id="cite_ref-Palencia_3203_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palencia_3203-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The other Castilian fleet arrived at <a href="/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina">Elmina</a> and obtained sizeable quantities of gold. The fleet remained stationed there for a few months, under the orders of the commercial representative of the Crown. The Portuguese fleet arrived, and the Castilians were attacked. They were defeated and taken as prisoners to <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Hernando_del_Pulgar" title="Hernando del Pulgar">Hernando del Pulgar</a>, the gold King Afonso captured allowed him to relaunch the war on land against Castile.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portuguese sources affirm that both the prisoners and a significant portion of the captured gold were returned to Castile after the signing of peace in 1479.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peace_between_Castile_and_France">Peace between Castile and France</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Peace between Castile and France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towards the end of 1478, before word of the defeat at Elmina arrived in Castile, an embassy from King Louis XI of France offered a peace treaty to Isabella and Ferdinand. It was signed in <a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_C%C3%A1ceres" title="Guadalupe, Cáceres">Guadalupe</a> and included the following clauses:<sup id="cite_ref-Palencia_3309_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palencia_3309-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Louis XI recognized Isabella and Ferdinand as Monarchs of Castile and León.</li> <li>Ferdinand agreed to break his alliance with <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian I</a>, Duke of Burgundy.</li> <li>Both parties agreed to the arbitration of affairs relative to Roussillon.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Final_phases_(January_–_September_1479)"><span id="Final_phases_.28January_.E2.80.93_September_1479.29"></span>Final phases (January – September 1479)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Final phases (January – September 1479)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towards the end of 1478, some of Joanna's supporters revolted in <a href="/wiki/Extremadura" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Mancha" title="La Mancha">La Mancha</a> (Marquis of Villena), and <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a>. The Portuguese, reinforced by the naval victory at <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a>, once again intervened in Castile in aid of their allies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Portuguese_offensive">Portuguese offensive</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Portuguese offensive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Capillo_barbote2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capillo_barbote2.JPG/220px-Capillo_barbote2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capillo_barbote2.JPG/330px-Capillo_barbote2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capillo_barbote2.JPG/440px-Capillo_barbote2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="903" data-file-height="1523" /></a><figcaption>Aragonese helmet <i>circa</i> 1470.</figcaption></figure> <p>In February 1479, a Portuguese army commanded by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garcia_de_Meneses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garcia de Meneses (page does not exist)">Garcia de Meneses</a>, Bishop of Évora, penetrated into Extremadura. His objective was to occupy and reinforce the strongholds of <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medell%C3%ADn_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Medellín (Spain)">Medellín</a>, controlled by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beatriz_Pacheco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beatriz Pacheco (page does not exist)">Beatriz Pacheco</a>, Countess of Medellin and supporter of Afonso V. According to Palencia, the Portuguese army was composed of about 1,000 Knights (of which 250 were Castilians), plus infantry. 180 Knights of the Order of Santiago marched alongside him, commanded by their treasurer, Alfonso de Monroy. </p><p>On February 24, near the hill of <a href="/wiki/Albuera" class="mw-redirect" title="Albuera">Albuera</a>, the army was challenged by Isabellian forces commanded by <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Alonso de Cárdenas">Alonso de Cárdenas</a>, Master of the Order of Santiago. The army consisted of 500 Knights of the Order, 400 Knights of the <a href="/wiki/Hermandad" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermandad">Hermandad</a> (mainly from Seville), and 100 infantrymen. The battle was heavily contested. The Isabellian infantry suffered a severe blow from the Juanist cavalry and became disorganized, but intervention by the Master of Santiago aided the panicked infantry. The Portuguese were forced to retreat, leaving significant spoils of war on the battlefield, as well as around 85 dead Knights. Only 15 Isabellian Knights were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-Palencia_3402_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palencia_3402-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bulk of the Portuguese army was able to take refuge in Mérida and from there continued its march to <a href="/wiki/Medell%C3%ADn_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Medellín (Spain)">Medellín</a>, which they occupied. Supporters of King Ferdinand placed Medellín and Mérida under siege. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Pope_switches_sides">The Pope switches sides</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: The Pope switches sides"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">nuncio</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacobo_Rond%C3%B3n_de_Sese%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacobo Rondón de Seseña (page does not exist)">Jacobo Rondón de Seseña</a> arrived at Castile with notice that <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_IV" title="Pope Sixtus IV">Pope Sixtus IV</a> had reversed himself and had annulled the dispensation previously awarded to Afonso V for his marriage to his niece Joanna. This gravely debilitated the legitimacy of the Joannist side and the pretension of the King of Portugal to the throne of Castile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Last_Castilian_initiatives_at_sea">Last Castilian initiatives at sea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Last Castilian initiatives at sea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 1479, Isabella and Ferdinand tried to organize a new fleet of about twenty caravels to expel the Portuguese from <a href="/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina">Elmina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Blake_100_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake_100-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, they were unable to gather the necessary ships, and afterwards no expeditions of importance were launched up until the peace agreement with Portugal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peace_talks">Peace talks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Peace talks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 1479, King Ferdinand arrived at <a href="/wiki/Alc%C3%A1ntara" title="Alcántara">Alcántara</a> to participate in peace talks organized by Beatrice, daughter of Afonso V and aunt of Isabella of Castile. The negotiations lasted 50 days, but no agreement was reached. </p><p>The two sides continued the conflict, trying to better their respective positions in anticipation of new peace negotiations. Isabella and Ferdinand launched an offensive against <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Carrillo_de_Acu%C3%B1a" title="Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña">Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña</a>, Archbishop of Toledo, who was forced to surrender, which allowed the monarchs to challenge the Marquis of Villena. Meanwhile, the Portuguese garrisons in Extremadura successfully resisted a Castilian siege. </p><p>Peace negotiations were restarted in the summer, and an agreement was reached. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treaty">Treaty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Treaty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg/220px-Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg/330px-Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg/440px-Alca%C3%A7ovas1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1095" data-file-height="1513" /></a><figcaption>Treaty of Alcáçovas</figcaption></figure> <p>The treaty that put an end to the war was signed in the Portuguese city of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alcáçovas (page does not exist)">Alcáçovas</a> (today in <a href="/wiki/Viana_do_Alentejo" title="Viana do Alentejo">Viana do Alentejo</a>) on September 4, 1479. The agreement was ratified by the King of Portugal on September 8, 1479 and by the Monarchs of Castile and Aragon in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> on March 6, 1480. It is also known as the Treaty of Alcáçovas-Toledo. </p><p>In it, Afonso V renounced his aspirations to the throne of Castile, and Isabella and Ferdinand renounced any aspirations to the Portuguese throne. The two Crowns divided their areas of influence in the Atlantic: Portugal gained control of most of the territories, with the exception of the Canary Islands (the islands of <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> were yet to be conquered). </p><p>Joanna la Beltraneja renounced all her Castilian titles, and was given the option of either marrying the heir of Isabella and Ferdinand, <a href="/wiki/Juan,_Prince_of_Asturias" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan, Prince of Asturias">Prince John</a>, or retiring to a convent. Joanna chose to do the latter, although she remained active in politics until her death. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Isabella,_Princess_of_Asturias_(1470%E2%80%931498)" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella, Princess of Asturias (1470–1498)">Isabella, Princess of Asturias (1470–1498)</a>, daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand, married <a href="/wiki/Afonso,_Prince_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Afonso, Prince of Portugal">Afonso, Prince of Portugal</a>, the heir to the Portuguese throne; the parents of the bride paid a large <a href="/wiki/Dowry" title="Dowry">dowry</a> that in practice represented war compensation obtained by Portugal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-As_noted_by_Spanish_scholars_Luis_Suárez_Fernández,_Juan_de_Mata_Carriazo_and_by_Manuel_F._Álvarez-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-As_noted_by_Spanish_scholars_Luis_Suárez_Fernández,_Juan_de_Mata_Carriazo_and_by_Manuel_F._Álvarez_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As noted by Spanish scholars Luis Suárez Fernández, Juan de Mata Carriazo and by Manuel F. Álvarez: "Not a military victory, but a political victory, the battle of Toro is in itself, a decisive event, because it solves the civil war in favour of the Catholic Monarchs, leaving as a relic, a border clash between the two countries ..." in <i>La España de los Reyes Católicos (1474-1516)</i>, Espasa-Calpe, 1969, p.163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marvin_Lunenfeld-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Marvin_Lunenfeld_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lunenfeld, Marvin. <i>The council of the Santa Hermandad: a study of the pacification forces of Ferdinand and Isabella</i> University of Miami Press, 1970, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Historian_Malyn_Newitt-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Historian_Malyn_Newitt_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Historian Malyn Newitt: "However, in 1478 the Portuguese surprised thirty-five Castilian ships returning from Mina [Guinea] and seized them and all their gold. Another ... Castilian voyage to Mina, that of <a href="/wiki/Eustache_de_la_Fosse" title="Eustache de la Fosse">Eustache de la Fosse</a>, was intercepted ... in 1480. ... All things considered, it is not surprising that the Portuguese emerged victorious from this <b>first maritime colonial war</b>. They were far better organised than the Castilians, were able to raise money for the preparation and supply of their fleets, and had clear central direction from ... [Prince] John." In <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Iv6L1WeiYd4C&pg=PA37"><i>A history of Portuguese overseas expansion, 1400-1668</i></a>, Routledge, New York, 2005, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=%22the+Portuguese+emerged+victorious+from+this+first+maritime+colonial+war.%22&btnG=Pesquisar+livros&tbm=bks&tbo=1&hl=pt-PT">pp.37,38</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bailey_W._Diffie-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bailey_W._Diffie_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bailey W. Diffie and George D. Winius. "In a war in which the Castilians were victorious on land and the Portuguese at sea, ..." in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VsqCelF9OdkC&pg=PA152"><i>Foundations of the Portuguese empire 1415-1580</i></a>, volume I, University of Minnesota Press, 1985, p.152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Battle_of_Guinea-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Battle_of_Guinea_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">Battle of Guinea</a>: Alonso de Palencia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-1A3cWT_1kAC&pg=PA93">Década IV</a>, Book XXXIII, Chapter V ("Disaster among those sent to the mines of gold [Guinea]. Charges against the King..."), p.91-94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CASTELOT-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CASTELOT_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CASTELOT_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFA._CastelotA._Decaux1978" class="citation book cs1">A. Castelot; A. Decaux (1978). <i>Histoire de la France et des Français au hour le hour</i>. Paris: Perrin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-262-00040-9" title="Special:BookSources/2-262-00040-9"><bdi>2-262-00040-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+de+la+France+et+des+Fran%C3%A7ais+au+hour+le+hour&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Perrin&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=2-262-00040-9&rft.au=A.+Castelot&rft.au=A.+Decaux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Ciudad Ruiz, "Rodrigo Ponce de León was the principal member of the opposition to the kings in Andalucia along with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfonso_de_Aguilar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfonso de Aguilar (page does not exist)">Alfonso de Aguilar</a>" but did not want to rebel but he maintained "his personal war against the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" title="Duke of Medina Sidonia">Duke of Medina Sidonia</a>."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giron-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Giron_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Giron_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManuel_Ciudad_Ruiz2000" class="citation journal cs1">Manuel Ciudad Ruiz (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistas/ghi/02143038/articulos/ELEM0000110321A.PDF">"El maestrazgo de Don Rodrigo Téllez Girón"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>En la España Medieval</i> (23): 321–365.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=En+la+Espa%C3%B1a+Medieval&rft.atitle=El+maestrazgo+de+Don+Rodrigo+T%C3%A9llez+Gir%C3%B3n&rft.issue=23&rft.pages=321-365&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Manuel+Ciudad+Ruiz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucm.es%2FBUCM%2Frevistas%2Fghi%2F02143038%2Farticulos%2FELEM0000110321A.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span> "...at the heat of the civil war for the succession of the Castilian throne, the commander [Spanish: <i>comendador mayor</i>], the treasurer, and other knights of the Order take the side of Queen Isabella against their grandmaster, supporter at that time of doña Juana."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NAVARRO-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NAVARRO_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNavarro_Sainz2004">Navarro Sainz 2004</a>, p. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIUDAD_RUIZ-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIUDAD_RUIZ_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIUDAD_RUIZ_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Ruiz 2000)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palenzuela-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Palenzuela_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Palenzuela_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Palenzuela)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baeza,_March_2,_1476._p.396_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Letter from King Ferdinand to the city of Baeza, March 2, 1476. <i>Colección de documentos inéditos para la Historia de España</i>, t. XIII, p.396</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-John_B._Bury-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-John_B._Bury_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John B. Bury- <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iMOMZ6s3Cn0C&q=met+at+Toro+indecisive+battle"><i>The Cambridge Medieval History</i></a>, Macmillan, 1959, Volume 8, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=%22while+Afonso+was+beaten+and+fled%2C+his+son+john+destroyed%22&btnG=Pesquisar+livros&tbm=bks&tbo=1&hl=pt-PT">p. 523</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref2-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ref2_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCesáreo_Fernández_Duro1901" class="citation journal cs1">Cesáreo Fernández Duro (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://descargas.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/hist/09255096579869640757857/023863.pdf?incr=1">"La Batalla de Toro (1476). Datos y documentos para su monografía histórica"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia</i>. <b>38</b> (1901).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bolet%C3%ADn+de+la+Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.atitle=La+Batalla+de+Toro+%281476%29.+Datos+y+documentos+para+su+monograf%C3%ADa+hist%C3%B3rica&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1901&rft.date=1901&rft.au=Ces%C3%A1reo+Fern%C3%A1ndez+Duro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdescargas.cervantesvirtual.com%2Fservlet%2FSirveObras%2Fhist%2F09255096579869640757857%2F023863.pdf%3Fincr%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNavarro_Sainz2004">Navarro Sainz 2004</a>, p. 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década III, Book 25, Chapter 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref3-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ref3_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref3_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Letter of Queen Isabella to Diego de Valera. Tordesillas, 15th of May 1476". <i>Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia</i>. <b>LXIV</b>. 1914.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bolet%C3%ADn+de+la+Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.atitle=Letter+of+Queen+Isabella+to+Diego+de+Valera.+Tordesillas%2C+15th+of+May+1476.&rft.volume=LXIV&rft.date=1914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span> Translated to English in (Blake 1941).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década III, Book 25, Chapter 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blake_91-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blake_91_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blake_91_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blake_91_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década III, Book 26, Chapter 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blake_88-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blake_88_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to De Palencia, there were two galleys, but the mayor of <a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">El Puerto de Santa María</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Valera" title="Diego de Valera">Diego de Valera</a>, affirms that there was only one ship. Letter from Diego de Valera to Queen Isabella. <i>Epístolas de Mosén Diego de Valera</i> (ed. J. A. de Balenchana; 1878), pp.70–4. Translated to English in (Blake 1941).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década III, Book 26, Chapter 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AZNAR-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AZNAR_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AZNAR_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEduardo_Aznar_Vallejo2006" class="citation journal cs1">Eduardo Aznar Vallejo (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://um.gipuzkoakultura.net/itsasmemoria5/aznarvallejo.pdf">"Marinos vascos en la guerra naval de Andalucía durante el siglo XV"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (5).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Marinos+vascos+en+la+guerra+naval+de+Andaluc%C3%ADa+durante+el+siglo+XV&rft.issue=5&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Eduardo+Aznar+Vallejo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fum.gipuzkoakultura.net%2Fitsasmemoria5%2Faznarvallejo.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fernandez-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fernandez_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuis_Suárez_Fernández1982" class="citation journal cs1">Luis Suárez Fernández (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistas/ghi/02143038/articulos/ELEM8282220619A.PDF">"Fernando el Católico y Leonor de Navarra"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Universidad Complutense de Madrid</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Universidad+Complutense+de+Madrid&rft.atitle=Fernando+el+Cat%C3%B3lico+y+Leonor+de+Navarra&rft.date=1982&rft.au=Luis+Su%C3%A1rez+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucm.es%2FBUCM%2Frevistas%2Fghi%2F02143038%2Farticulos%2FELEM8282220619A.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década III, Book 27, Chapter 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz2004_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNavarro_Sainz2004">Navarro Sainz 2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz200465-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENavarro_Sainz200465_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNavarro_Sainz2004">Navarro Sainz 2004</a>, p. 65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ruy de PINA, Chronica..., Chapter 203</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palencia_3203-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palencia_3203_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década IV, Book 32, Chapter 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hernando del Pulgar, Crónica..., parte 2, cap. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rui de Pina, Chronica..., Chapter 208</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palencia_3309-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palencia_3309_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de PALENCIA, Década IV, Book 33, Chapter 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palencia_3402-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palencia_3402_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfonso de Palencia, Década IV, Book 34, Chapter 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blake_100-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blake_100_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Order of the Monarchs given at <a href="/wiki/Trujillo,_C%C3%A1ceres" title="Trujillo, Cáceres">Trujillo</a> on February 17, 1479, quoted in the reference "Archivo de Sevilla, Book 1, f. 370" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartín_Fernández_de_Navarrete1825" class="citation book cs1">Martín Fernández de Navarrete (1825). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/A087234141"><i>Colección de los Viajes...</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Colecci%C3%B3n+de+los+Viajes...&rft.date=1825&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADn+Fern%C3%A1ndez+de+Navarrete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FA087234141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Books">Books</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÁlvarez_de_Toledo2006" class="citation book cs1">Álvarez de Toledo, Luisa Isabel (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americaversus.iespana.es/"><i>África versus América (2nd ed.)</i></a>. Sanlúcar de Barrameda: Fundación Casa Medina-Sidonia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C3%81frica+versus+Am%C3%A9rica+%282nd+ed.%29&rft.pub=Sanl%C3%BAcar+de+Barrameda%3A+Fundaci%C3%B3n+Casa+Medina-Sidonia&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=%C3%81lvarez+de+Toledo&rft.aufirst=Luisa+Isabel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericaversus.iespana.es%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÁlvarez_Palenzuela" class="citation web cs1">Álvarez Palenzuela, Vicente Ángel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/34693958761247208143679/index.htm">"La guerra civil castellana y el enfrentamiento con Portugal (1475–1479)"</a>. Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-06-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+guerra+civil+castellana+y+el+enfrentamiento+con+Portugal+%281475%E2%80%931479%29&rft.pub=Biblioteca+Virtual+Miguel+de+Cervantes&rft.aulast=%C3%81lvarez+Palenzuela&rft.aufirst=Vicente+%C3%81ngel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cervantesvirtual.com%2Fservlet%2FSirveObras%2F34693958761247208143679%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlake1941" class="citation book cs1">Blake, John W. (1941). <i>Europeans in West Africa, 1450–1560</i>. London: The Hakluyt Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4067-2889-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4067-2889-7"><bdi>978-1-4067-2889-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europeans+in+West+Africa%2C+1450%E2%80%931560&rft.place=London&rft.pub=The+Hakluyt+Society&rft.date=1941&rft.isbn=978-1-4067-2889-7&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBury1959" class="citation book cs1">Bury, John B. (1959). <i>The Cambridge Medieval History</i>. Macmillan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Medieval+History&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Bury&rft.aufirst=John+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiffie,_Bailey_W.Winius,_George_D.1985" class="citation book cs1">Diffie, Bailey W. & Winius, George D. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VsqCelF9OdkC&pg=PA152"><i>Foundations of the Portuguese empire 1415-1580, volume 1</i></a>. University of Minnesota Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-0782-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8166-0782-6"><bdi>0-8166-0782-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foundations+of+the+Portuguese+empire+1415-1580%2C+volume+1&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-8166-0782-6&rft.au=Diffie%2C+Bailey+W.&rft.au=Winius%2C+George+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVsqCelF9OdkC%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCiudad_Ruiz2000" class="citation journal cs1">Ciudad Ruiz, Manuel (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistas/ghi/02143038/articulos/ELEM0000110321A.PDF">"El maestrazgo de Don Rodrigo Téllez Girón"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>En la España Medieval</i> (23). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0214-3038">0214-3038</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=En+la+Espa%C3%B1a+Medieval&rft.atitle=El+maestrazgo+de+Don+Rodrigo+T%C3%A9llez+Gir%C3%B3n&rft.issue=23&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=0214-3038&rft.aulast=Ciudad+Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucm.es%2FBUCM%2Frevistas%2Fghi%2F02143038%2Farticulos%2FELEM0000110321A.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrasco_Manchado2006" class="citation book cs1">Carrasco Manchado, Ana Isabel (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.silexediciones.com/Shop/Detail.asp?IdProducts=170/"><i>Isabel I de Castilla y la sombra de la ilegitimidad. Propaganda y representación en el conflicto sucesorio (1474–1482)</i></a>. Madrid: Sílex ediciones.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isabel+I+de+Castilla+y+la+sombra+de+la+ilegitimidad.+Propaganda+y+representaci%C3%B3n+en+el+conflicto+sucesorio+%281474%E2%80%931482%29&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=S%C3%ADlex+ediciones&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Carrasco+Manchado&rft.aufirst=Ana+Isabel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.silexediciones.com%2FShop%2FDetail.asp%3FIdProducts%3D170%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerli2003" class="citation book cs1">Gerli, E. Michael (2003). <i>Medieval Iberia: an Encyclopedia (Routledge Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages)</i>. New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-93918-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-93918-8"><bdi>978-0-415-93918-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Iberia%3A+an+Encyclopedia+%28Routledge+Encyclopedias+of+the+Middle+Ages%29&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-93918-8&rft.aulast=Gerli&rft.aufirst=E.+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLunenfeld1970" class="citation book cs1">Lunenfeld, Marvin (1970). <i>The council of the Santa Hermandad: a study of the pacification forces of Ferdinand and Isabella</i>. University of Miami Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4067-2889-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4067-2889-7"><bdi>978-1-4067-2889-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+council+of+the+Santa+Hermandad%3A+a+study+of+the+pacification+forces+of+Ferdinand+and+Isabella&rft.pub=University+of+Miami+Press&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=978-1-4067-2889-7&rft.aulast=Lunenfeld&rft.aufirst=Marvin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNavarro_Sainz2004" class="citation book cs1">Navarro Sainz, Jose María (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://idus.us.es/bitstream/handle/11441/15219/Original_TD1319.pdf;jsessionid=15B07C7A99DBDAB3E257E011F26A6952?sequence=1"><i>El consejo de Sevilla en el reinado de Isabel I (1474–1504)</i></a>. University of Seville.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+consejo+de+Sevilla+en+el+reinado+de+Isabel+I+%281474%E2%80%931504%29&rft.pub=University+of+Seville&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Navarro+Sainz&rft.aufirst=Jose+Mar%C3%ADa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fidus.us.es%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F11441%2F15219%2FOriginal_TD1319.pdf%3Bjsessionid%3D15B07C7A99DBDAB3E257E011F26A6952%3Fsequence%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewitt2005" class="citation book cs1">Newitt, Malyn (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Iv6L1WeiYd4C&pg=PA37"><i>A history of Portuguese overseas expansion, 1400-1668</i></a>. New York, Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-239790" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-239790"><bdi>978-0-415-239790</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+Portuguese+overseas+expansion%2C+1400-1668&rft.pub=New+York%2C+Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-415-239790&rft.aulast=Newitt&rft.aufirst=Malyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIv6L1WeiYd4C%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuis_Suárez_FernándezJuan_de_Mata_CarriazoManuel_F._Álvarez1969" class="citation book cs1">Luis Suárez Fernández; Juan de Mata Carriazo; Manuel F. Álvarez (1969). <i>La España de los Reyes Católicos (1474-1516)</i>. Espasa-Calpe. p. 162.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Espa%C3%B1a+de+los+Reyes+Cat%C3%B3licos+%281474-1516%29&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Espasa-Calpe&rft.date=1969&rft.au=Luis+Su%C3%A1rez+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.au=Juan+de+Mata+Carriazo&rft.au=Manuel+F.+%C3%81lvarez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chronicles">Chronicles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Chronicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Pina1094" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ruy_de_Pina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruy de Pina">de Pina, Ruy</a> (1094). <i>Chronica d'El-Rei D. Affonso V</i>. Lisbon: Bibliotheca de Classicos Portuguezes.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronica+d%27El-Rei+D.+Affonso+V&rft.place=Lisbon&rft.pub=Bibliotheca+de+Classicos+Portuguezes&rft.date=1094&rft.aulast=de+Pina&rft.aufirst=Ruy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Alfonso de Palencia. <i>Gesta Hispaniensia ex annalibus suorum diebus colligentis</i> (the three first <i>Décadas</i> edited as <i>Cronica del rey Enrique IV</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Paz_y_Meli%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Paz y Meliá (page does not exist)">Antonio Paz y Meliá</a> in 1904 and the fourth dedicated as <i>Cuarta Década</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Lopez_de_Toro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Lopez de Toro (page does not exist)">José Lopez de Toro</a> in 1970)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdel_Pulgar1923" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hernando_del_Pulgar" title="Hernando del Pulgar">del Pulgar, Hernando</a> (1923). <i>Crónica de los señores reyes católicos Don Fernando y Doña Isabel, volume 70</i>. Biblioteca de autores españoles.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cr%C3%B3nica+de+los+se%C3%B1ores+reyes+cat%C3%B3licos+Don+Fernando+y+Do%C3%B1a+Isabel%2C+volume+70&rft.pub=Biblioteca+de+autores+espa%C3%B1oles&rft.date=1923&rft.aulast=del+Pulgar&rft.aufirst=Hernando&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWar+of+the+Castilian+Succession" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282135#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2009009291">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="válka o kastilské dědictví (1475-1479)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph1077820&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007540747305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&oldid=1260362450">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&oldid=1260362450</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wars_of_succession_involving_the_states_and_peoples_of_Europe" title="Category:Wars of succession involving the states and peoples of Europe">Wars of succession involving the states and peoples of Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1470s_in_Europe" title="Category:1470s in Europe">1470s in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Civil_wars_in_Spain" title="Category:Civil wars in Spain">Civil wars in Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Civil_wars_in_former_countries" title="Category:Civil wars in former countries">Civil wars in former countries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Civil_wars_of_the_Middle_Ages" title="Category:Civil wars of the Middle Ages">Civil wars of the Middle Ages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wars_involving_Portugal" title="Category:Wars involving Portugal">Wars involving Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1470s_conflicts" title="Category:1470s conflicts">1470s conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:15th_century_in_Castile" title="Category:15th century in Castile">15th century in Castile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Invasions_of_Spain" title="Category:Invasions of Spain">Invasions of Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Invasions_by_Portugal" title="Category:Invasions by Portugal">Invasions by Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wars_involving_the_Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Category:Wars involving the Kingdom of Castile">Wars involving the Kingdom of Castile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wars_involving_the_Crown_of_Aragon" title="Category:Wars involving the Crown of Aragon">Wars involving the Crown of Aragon</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2014" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_June_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from June 2024">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from June 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from September 2024">Articles with dead external links from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 November 2024, at 10:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Castilian_Succession&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-xjsgq","wgBackendResponseTime":159,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.802","walltime":"0.962","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5007,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":94116,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15367,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":88505,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 820.745 1 -total"," 20.13% 165.182 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.81% 162.579 14 Template:Cite_book"," 18.50% 151.806 15 Template:Fix"," 16.34% 134.098 12 Template:Citation_needed"," 15.94% 130.856 1 Template:Campaignbox_War_of_the_Castilian_Succession"," 15.68% 128.692 1 Template:Campaignbox"," 8.80% 72.210 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.50% 69.737 16 Template:Delink"," 6.80% 55.776 30 Template:Category_handler"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.509","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8097352,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFA._CastelotA._Decaux1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlake1941\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBury1959\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarrasco_Manchado2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCesáreo_Fernández_Duro1901\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCiudad_Ruiz2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDiffie,_Bailey_W.Winius,_George_D.1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEduardo_Aznar_Vallejo2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerli2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuis_Suárez_Fernández1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuis_Suárez_FernándezJuan_de_Mata_CarriazoManuel_F._Álvarez1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLunenfeld1970\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManuel_Ciudad_Ruiz2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartín_Fernández_de_Navarrete1825\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNavarro_Sainz2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewitt2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFde_Pina1094\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFdel_Pulgar1923\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÁlvarez_Palenzuela\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFÁlvarez_de_Toledo2006\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Campaignbox War of the Castilian Succession\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 14,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:War Of The Castilian Succession\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox military conflict\"] = 1,\n [\"KIA\"] = 2,\n [\"Main\"] = 3,\n [\"Page needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 4,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 3,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-74f675c4bb-4wkkf","timestamp":"20241130100540","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"War of the Castilian Succession","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q282135","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q282135","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-09-06T19:08:19Z","dateModified":"2024-11-30T10:05:39Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1d\/IsabelandJuana.JPG","headline":"military conflict contested from 1475 to 1479"}</script> </body> </html>