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aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-定義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#定義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>定義</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-定義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>分類</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-形成條件" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#形成條件"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>形成條件</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-形成條件-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-溫泉利用對健康的影響" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#溫泉利用對健康的影響"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>溫泉利用對健康的影響</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-溫泉利用對健康的影響-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-溫泉與健康休閒產業" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#溫泉與健康休閒產業"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>溫泉與健康休閒產業</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-溫泉與健康休閒產業-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-溫泉的使用與利用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#溫泉的使用與利用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>溫泉的使用與利用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-溫泉的使用與利用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-溫泉記號" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#溫泉記號"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>溫泉記號</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-溫泉記號-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-各地溫泉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各地溫泉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>各地溫泉</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-各地溫泉-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关各地溫泉子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-各地溫泉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-北美的溫泉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#北美的溫泉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>北美的溫泉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-北美的溫泉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-欧洲的溫泉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#欧洲的溫泉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>欧洲的溫泉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-欧洲的溫泉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-亚洲的温泉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#亚洲的温泉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>亚洲的温泉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-亚洲的温泉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-泡湯需知" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#泡湯需知"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>泡湯需知</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-泡湯需知-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-泡湯禁忌" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#泡湯禁忌"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>泡湯禁忌</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-泡湯禁忌-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-進一步閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#進一步閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>進一步閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-進一步閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">溫泉</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。68种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A9" title="حمة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phutina" title="Phutina – 艾马拉语" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Phutina" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾马拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termal_su" title="Termal su – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Termal su" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Геатэрмальная крыніца – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геатэрмальная крыніца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Геотермален извор – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Геотермален извор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A3" title="উষ্ণ প্রস্রবণ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উষ্ণ প্রস্রবণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Аршаан булагууд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Аршаан булагууд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Font_termal" title="Font termal – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Font termal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_pramen" title="Termální pramen – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Termální pramen" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7" title="Геотермаллă çăлкуç – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Геотермаллă çăлкуç" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varm_kilde" title="Varm kilde – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Varm kilde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermalquelle" title="Thermalquelle – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thermalquelle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82" title="Ιαματικές πηγές – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιαματικές πηγές" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hot spring" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termofonto" title="Termofonto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Termofonto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguas_termales" title="Aguas termales – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aguas termales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuumaveeallikas" title="Kuumaveeallikas – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kuumaveeallikas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ur_termal" title="Ur termal – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ur termal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85" title="چشمه آب‌گرم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چشمه آب‌گرم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuuma_l%C3%A4hde" title="Kuuma lähde – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuuma lähde" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_chaude" title="Source chaude – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Source chaude" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augas_termais" title="Augas termais – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Augas termais" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%97%D7%9D" title="מעיין חם – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעיין חם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="गरम चश्मा – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गरम चश्मा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termalno_vrelo" title="Termalno vrelo – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Termalno vrelo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sous_cho" title="Sous cho – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sous cho" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term%C3%A1lv%C3%ADz" title="Termálvíz – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Termálvíz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հիդրոթերմալ հանքավայրեր – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիդրոթերմալ հանքավայրեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mata_air_panas" title="Mata air panas – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mata air panas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hver" title="Hver – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hver" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorgente_calda" title="Sorgente calda – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sorgente calda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%89" title="熱水泉 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="熱水泉" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%83" title="Геотермалды су – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Геотермалды су" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86" title="ಬಿಸಿನೀರಿನ ಚಿಲುಮೆ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಿಸಿನೀರಿನ ಚಿಲುಮೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EC%B2%9C" title="온천 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="온천" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fons_calidus" title="Fons calidus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fons calidus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermalquell" title="Thermalquell – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Thermalquell" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waermwaterbron" title="Waermwaterbron – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Waermwaterbron" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9A%E0%BB%8D%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B3%E0%BA%AE%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%99" title="ບໍ່ນ້ຳຮ້ອນ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ບໍ່ນ້ຳຮ້ອນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C5%A1toji_versm%C4%97" title="Karštoji versmė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karštoji versmė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term%C4%81lie_%C5%ABde%C5%86i" title="Termālie ūdeņi – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Termālie ūdeņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Топол извор – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Топол извор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B5" title="ചൂട് നീരുറവ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചൂട് നീരുറവ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87" title="गरम पाण्याचे झरे – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गरम पाण्याचे झरे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mata_air_panas" title="Mata air panas – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mata air panas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%95%E1%80%B0%E1%80%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ရေပူစမ်း – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရေပူစမ်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warmwaterbron" title="Warmwaterbron – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Warmwaterbron" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varmekjelde" title="Varmekjelde – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Varmekjelde" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varm_kilde" title="Varm kilde – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Varm kilde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B2nt_cauda" title="Fònt cauda – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fònt cauda" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%B9r%C3%B3d%C5%82o_termalne" title="Źródło termalne – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Źródło termalne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81guas_termais" title="Águas termais – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Águas termais" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izvor_termal" title="Izvor termal – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Izvor termal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Геотермальный источник – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геотермальный источник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termalni_izvor" title="Termalni izvor – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Termalni izvor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hot spring" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term%C3%A1lny_prame%C5%88" title="Termálny prameň – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Termálny prameň" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burimi_termal" title="Burimi termal – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Burimi termal" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Термални извор – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Термални извор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Het_k%C3%A4lla" title="Het källa – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Het källa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="வெந்நீரூற்று – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வெந்நீரூற்று" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="บ่อน้ำร้อน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บ่อน้ำร้อน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapl%C4%B1ca" title="Kaplıca – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kaplıca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Термальні води – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Термальні води" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%E1%BB%91i_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_n%C3%B3ng" title="Suối nước nóng – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suối nước nóng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="溫泉 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="溫泉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un-ch%C3%B4a%E2%81%BF" title="Un-chôaⁿ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Un-chôaⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="溫泉 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="溫泉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q177380#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> 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role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&oldid=84373744" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&id=84373744&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25BA%25AB%25E6%25B3%2589"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25BA%25AB%25E6%25B3%2589"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hot_springs" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" hreflang="zh"><span>维基导游</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q177380" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>此条目页的主題是由地下自然湧出的泉水。关于与「<b>溫泉</b>」標題相近或相同的条目页，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89)" class="mw-disambig" title="温泉 (消歧义)">温泉 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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.ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="翻译标记"><img alt="翻译标记" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>此條目目前正依照其他维基百科上的内容进行<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="Wikipedia:翻译请求">翻译</a>。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2018年5月12日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>如果您擅长翻译，並清楚本條目的領域，欢迎协助<span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit">翻譯、改善或校对本條目</a></span>。<br />此外，长期闲置、未翻譯或影響閱讀的内容可能会被移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>溫泉</b>（英語：<span lang="en">hot spring</span>）是一種由地下自然湧出的泉水，其<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>溫較環境年平均溫高<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="攝氏">攝氏</a>5度，或<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="華氏">華氏</a>10度以上。在學術上，湧出地表的泉水溫度高於當地的地下水溫者，即可稱為溫泉。溫泉的形成是泉水從地殼升上來的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="地下水">地下水</a>經由<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%86%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="地熱">地熱</a>加熱而產生。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="地殼">地殼</a>上有很多地方偏佈地熱溫泉。某些溫泉的水溫是適合人們泡澡，如果太熱的溫泉若浸泡可能會造成燙傷或死亡。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="定義"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E7.BE.A9"></span>定義</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：定義"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>不同國家對於溫泉的定義稍有不同： </p> <ul><li>根據<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溫泉法（页面不存在）">溫泉法</a>中，溫泉定義是符合溫泉基準之溫泉水及水蒸氣（含溶於溫泉水中之氣体）。溫泉水包括自然湧出或人為抽取之溫水、冷水及水蒸氣（含溶於溫泉水中之氣體），在地表量測之溫度高於或等於30℃者；若溫度低於30℃之泉水，其水質符合溫泉水質成分標準者，亦視為冷泉，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%BE%B3%E5%86%B7%E6%B3%89" title="蘇澳冷泉">蘇澳冷泉</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>溫泉法認為：地下湧出之溫水、礦水、及水蒸氣與其他氣體（碳氫化合物為主成分的天然瓦斯除外）。溫度：高於或等於25℃；如溫泉低於25℃，其水質符合之規定19種物質（日本溫泉法附表）其中一種以上者。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韩民国">韓國</a>溫泉法規定溫泉指地下湧出，溫度高於或等於25℃之溫泉，水質成分對人體無害者。（但對水質成分並無規定）</li> <li>部分歐美國家，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">義大利</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德國</a>等國以高於20℃之泉水；<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美國</a>則定在70F（21.1℃）以上者為溫泉。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分類"><span id=".E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>溫泉的分類方式有許多種，常見的分類方法可以化學組成、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="地質">地質</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="物理">物理</a>性質、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="溫度">溫度</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a>，來加以分類。 </p> <dl><dt>依化學組成分類(各國對溫泉化學組成的定義方式不同，以下為以中華民國溫泉法來說)</dt></dl> <p>溫泉中主要的成份包含<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a>離子、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碳酸氫（页面不存在）">碳酸氫</a>根離子、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫酸">硫酸</a>根離子，依這三種<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="陰離子">陰離子</a>所占的比例可分為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="氯化物">氯化物</a>泉、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E7%9B%90" title="碳酸氢盐">碳酸氫鹽</a>泉、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BD" title="硫酸鹽">硫酸鹽</a>泉。 </p><p>除了這三種陰離子之外，也有以其他成分為主的溫泉，例如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E6%9B%B9%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重曹泉（页面不存在）">重曹泉</a>（重碳酸鈉為主）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E5%9C%9F%E9%A1%9E%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重碳酸土類泉（页面不存在）">重碳酸土類泉</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E9%B9%BD%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食鹽泉（页面不存在）">食鹽泉</a>（以<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="氯化鈉">氯化鈉</a>離子為主）、氯化土鹽泉、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%92%E7%A1%9D%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="芒硝泉（页面不存在）">芒硝泉</a>（硫酸鈉離子為主）、石膏泉（以<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%88%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸鈣">硫酸鈣</a>為主）、正苦味泉（以<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸鎂">硫酸鎂</a>為主）、含鐵泉（白磺泉）、含<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a>鐵泉（又稱青銅泉）。此外，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="食鹽">食鹽</a>泉也稱<b>鹽泉</b>，可依含<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="氯化物">氯化物</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E9%B9%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="食鹽">食鹽</a>的多寡，區分為弱食鹽泉和強食鹽泉。 </p> <dl><dt>依地質分類</dt></dl> <p>以產生溫泉的地質特性，可將溫泉分類為<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%88%90%E5%B2%A9" title="火成岩">火成岩</a>區溫泉、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E8%B3%AA%E5%B2%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="變質岩">變質岩</a>區溫泉、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E7%A9%8D%E5%B2%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="沉積岩">沉積岩</a>區溫泉。 </p> <dl><dt>依物理性質</dt></dl> <p>根據溫泉的溫度、活動、型態等物理性質，可將溫泉分為普通溫泉、<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%93%E6%AD%87%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="間歇溫泉">間歇溫泉</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B8%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沸泉（页面不存在）">沸泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B4%E6%B3%89" title="噴泉">噴泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%99%B4%E6%B0%A3%E5%AD%94" title="火山噴氣孔">噴氣孔</a>（或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%A3%E5%AD%94" class="mw-redirect" title="硫氣孔">硫氣孔</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E6%B3%A5%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱泥泉（页面不存在）">熱泥泉</a>六類。 </p> <dl><dt>依溫度</dt></dl> <p>依溫泉流出地表時與當地地表溫度差，可分為低溫溫泉、中溫溫泉、高溫溫泉、沸騰溫泉四種。 </p> <dl><dt>依生物</dt></dl> <p>某些適合生長在高溫的微生物，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%8C" title="古菌">古菌</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="形成條件"><span id=".E5.BD.A2.E6.88.90.E6.A2.9D.E4.BB.B6"></span>形成條件</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：形成條件"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>溫泉的形成，一般而言可分為兩種： </p><p>一種是地殼內部的岩漿作用所形成，或為火山噴發所伴隨產生，火山活動過的死火山地形區，因地殼板塊運動隆起的地表，其地底下還有未冷卻的岩漿，均會不斷地釋放出大量的熱能由於此類熱源之熱量集中，因此只要附近有孔隙的含水岩層，不僅會受熱成為高溫的熱水，而且大部份會沸騰為蒸氣。多為硫酸鹽泉。二則是受地表水滲透循環作用所形成。也就是說當雨水降到地表向下滲透，深入到地殼深處的含水層形成地下水，（砂岩、礫岩、火山岩、這些良好的含水層）。地下水受下方的地熱加熱成為熱水，深部熱水多數含有氣體，這些氣體以二氧化碳為主，當熱水溫度升高，上面若有緻密、不透水的岩層阻擋去路，會使壓力愈來愈高，以致熱水、蒸氣處於高壓狀態，一有裂縫即竄湧而上。熱水上升後愈接近地表壓力則逐漸減少，由於壓力漸減而使所含氣體逐漸膨脹，減輕熱水的密度，這些膨脹的蒸氣更有利於熱水上昇。上昇的熱水再與下沈較遲受熱的冷水因密度不同所產生的壓力（靜水壓力差）反覆循環產生對流，在開放性裂隙阻力較小的情況下，循裂隙上升湧出地表，熱水即可源源不絕湧昇，終至流出地面，形成溫泉。在高山深谷地形配合下，谷底地面水可能較高山中地下水位低，因此深谷谷底可能為靜水壓力差最大之處，而熱水上湧也應以自谷底湧出的可能性最大，溫泉大多發生在山谷中河床上。 </p><p>一般說來，溫泉的形成需具下列三條件：（一）地下必須有熱水存在；（二）必須有靜水壓力差導致熱水上湧；（三）岩石中必須有深長裂隙供熱水通達地面。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="溫泉利用對健康的影響"><span id=".E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89.E5.88.A9.E7.94.A8.E5.B0.8D.E5.81.A5.E5.BA.B7.E7.9A.84.E5.BD.B1.E9.9F.BF"></span>溫泉利用對健康的影響</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：溫泉利用對健康的影響"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>幾千年來，人類一直善用溫泉， <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>甚至連<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%BC%E7%8C%B4" title="獼猴">獼猴</a>也會利用溫泉來保護自我免受寒冷。 <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘">希臘</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="荷馬">荷馬</a>年代（約公元前 1000 年），沐浴主要是為了衛生習慣，但到了<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%BA%95" title="希波克拉底">希波克拉底</a>年代（約公元前 460 年），溫泉被認為具有治愈能力。之後，溫泉受歡迎程度就逐漸升高。尤其是溫泉浴在日本已經使用至少 2000 年，一向是人們清潔和放鬆的場所，其治療價值也逐漸受到重視， <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>現今溫泉在世界各地都很受歡迎。 </p><p>中國古籍《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%BB%8F%E6%B3%A8" title="水经注">水经注</a>》提到温泉可治病，如“鲁山皇女汤，可以熟米，饮之愈百病，道士清身沐浴，一日三次，四十日后，身中百病愈”。唐太宗晚年写《汤泉赋》：“每濯患于斯源，不移时而获损”。 </p><p>現今溫泉水質可大致分為以下幾種類型，對人體健康及療愈有正面的作用： </p> <ul><li>單純泉：也稱<b>中性泉</b>，為攝氏25度以上、含微量溫泉成分的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%89%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="泉水">泉水</a>。單純泉刺激性較低、無色無味。能促進血液循環、加速修復組織。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E9%B9%BD%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食鹽泉（页面不存在）">食鹽泉</a>：食鹽泉的成分依所含食鹽的多寡，可分為弱食鹽泉和強食鹽泉兩種，皆具有優異的保溫效果，能改善婦人病、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%B0%BF%E7%97%85" title="糖尿病">糖尿病</a>等。若飲用此泉水可治療<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="腸">腸</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%83" title="胃">胃</a>相關<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="疾病">疾病</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫磺泉</a>：俗稱「臭蛋泉」或皮膚之湯，能夠軟化皮膚角質層、止癢、解毒、排毒，是慢性皮膚病的有效療湯，但是因為刺激性強，膚質敏感者要注意，以免產生負作用。硫磺泉中的碳酸氣體，對金屬製品容易產生腐蝕作用，如果在小空間或換氣不良的場所泡硫磺泉，需非常小心硫化氫瓦斯的中毒作用。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E6%9B%B9%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重曹泉（页面不存在）">重曹泉</a>（重碳酸鈉）：俗稱美人湯或鹼性泉，泉色清無臭，酸鹼值約在7左右，湧到地表時約為58℃，洗後光滑柔細不黏膩，由於富含鈉、鎂、鈣、鉀、碳酸離子等礦物質成分，因此不論是浸泡、沐浴或經處理後成為礦泉水飲用，都對身體健康極有幫助，被譽為「溫泉中的溫泉」。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碳酸泉（页面不存在）">碳酸泉</a>：俗稱心臟之湯或氣泡湯，含有<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>，泉溫較一般溫泉水低，能促進微血管的擴張，使血壓下降，改善心血管功能幫助血管血液循環，所以泡起來不會有急速脈摶加快的現象，此外碳酸泉因含有二氧化碳成分，會在皮膚表面呈現氧泡有輕微按摩作用。台灣的碳酸泉分佈有北部大屯山區及全省各地都有碳酸泉，著名的有：谷關溫泉、東埔溫泉、盧山溫泉、不老溫泉、四重溪溫泉、文山溫泉、仁澤溫泉等，日本則較少碳酸泉。</li></ul> <p>但溫泉中也有一些微生物，對人類有傳染性： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E6%B0%8F%E5%85%A7%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="福氏內格里蟲">福氏內格里蟲</a>是一種地底的變形蟲，俗稱“食腦菌”，生活在溫暖的無鹽水域中，如果不慎進入沐浴者鼻腔，變形蟲會沿著嗅覺神經進入腦部，導致致命的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E6%B0%8F%E5%85%A7%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%B7%B4%E8%85%A6%E8%86%9C%E8%85%A6%E7%82%8E" title="福氏內格里阿米巴腦膜腦炎">福氏內格里阿米巴腦膜腦炎</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>根據<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E8%88%87%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="美國疾病管制與預防中心">美國疾病管制與預防中心</a>的研究，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%94%9F%E5%8F%98%E5%BD%A2%E8%99%AB" title="泥生变形虫">泥生變形蟲</a>（棘阿米巴變形蟲）可以透過溫泉傳播，經由眼睛或開放性傷口進入人體。 <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>寄生原蟲可造成腹部不適、間歇性下痢、或腹瀉便秘交替、發燒寒顫、拉血便或黏液便。如果病原體從腸道入侵血中，可能跑到肝臟或腦部等形成膿瘍。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E5%9C%98%E8%8F%8C%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="軍團菌屬">軍團菌屬</a>（退伍軍人症）也可以通過溫泉傳播，<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>可能引發非典型肺炎，會產生咳嗽、呼吸困難、發熱、肌肉疼痛、頭痛、噁心、嘔吐、腹瀉等症狀。</li> <li>根據醫學研究，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%8B%E7%90%83%E8%8F%8C" title="淋球菌">淋球菌</a>可經由溫泉感染。當溫泉水接近人體體溫及微酸，病原體可能存活在其中，<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>可引發泌尿生殖系統的化膿性感染，以尿道炎、子宮頸炎最為常見。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="溫泉與健康休閒產業"><span id=".E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89.E8.88.87.E5.81.A5.E5.BA.B7.E4.BC.91.E9.96.92.E7.94.A2.E6.A5.AD"></span>溫泉與健康休閒產業</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：溫泉與健康休閒產業"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>當日本還在人們沐浴不普及的時代，衛生知識不足，傳說溫泉對傷病有療效，因此成為傳說中的聖地。許多溫泉起源都有類似之處，傳說有鹿、鶴、鷺等動物在溫泉中自行癒傷。另外，在佛教<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%83%A7" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="高僧">高僧</a>鼓勵下，人們養成溫泉入浴的習慣。 </p><p>日本<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="明治時代">明治時代</a>，溫泉科學研究逐漸盛行。到了<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E5%92%8C%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="昭和時代">昭和時代</a>，溫泉醫學和分析化學更加驗證溫泉的醫療效果，人們對於溫泉的使用更加普及。1931年，溫泉療法的研究擴展到日本各國立大學，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="九州大學">九州大學</a>特別在別府溫泉所在地開設溫泉療法研究所。1935年日本溫泉氣候醫療學會成立，溫泉在醫學的研究展開。該學會在<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E5%8F%96%E7%B8%A3" title="鳥取縣">鳥取縣</a>三朝溫泉，進行溫泉與現代醫學的研究，又在1939 年建立溫泉療養院，關注溫泉中的<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐳">鐳</a>元素作用。二戰後設立<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A5%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="別府">別府</a>溫泉治療研究所，以支援<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%88%86" class="mw-redirect" title="原爆">原爆</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B8%E5%AD%98%E8%80%85" title="幸存者">倖存者</a>。 </p><p>現今日本《溫泉法》對於溫泉醫療作法的“適應”及“禁忌”都有詳盡的科學規範。在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="預防醫學">預防醫學</a>興起後，溫泉與健康產業發展有更多的結合。日本<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A1%E5%B1%B1%E7%B8%A3" title="岡山縣">岡山縣</a>湯原溫泉打造全鎮的溫泉配套設施，以促進健康產業發展。例如“人體<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%B9%E5%A1%A2" title="船塢">船塢</a>宿泊方案”（人間ドック付宿泊プラン）設有<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E9%99%A2" title="醫院">醫院</a>和溫泉住宿設施，供人們在此“停泊住宿”並休養，並以“溫泉指南”教育人們正確的溫泉入浴，以得到<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="預防醫學">預防醫學</a>的正確療效。除了人體健康產業外，在岩木湯本溫泉甚至設立“<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E9%A6%AC" title="賽馬">賽馬</a>康復中心”，供競賽馬匹透過溫泉療養方式維持健康。 </p><p>1929年，日本國民新聞舉辦名為“全國16優選溫泉”的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%80%E8%80%85%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="讀者投票（页面不存在）">讀者投票</a>活動，引起民眾對於溫泉休閒的關注。結果<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%A5%88%E5%B7%9D%E7%B8%A3" title="神奈川縣">神奈川縣</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B1%E6%A0%B9%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="箱根溫泉">箱根溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E5%B2%A1%E7%B8%A3" title="靜岡縣">靜岡縣</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%B5%B7%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="熱海溫泉">熱海溫泉</a>等大型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89%E4%B9%A1" class="mw-disambig" title="温泉乡">溫泉鄉</a>紛紛入選。但此票選對於地處山區交通不便的地方溫泉，也形成一股潮流追風，許多溫泉探秘者沉醉於偏鄉的高品質礦泉，並享受靜謐的氛圍，益加促進溫泉旅遊的文化<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="溫泉的使用與利用"><span id=".E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89.E7.9A.84.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E8.88.87.E5.88.A9.E7.94.A8"></span>溫泉的使用與利用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：溫泉的使用與利用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一般溫泉有大浴場、浴池、露天浴池等形式，有多種入浴方式和使用方法，以溫泉國度日本為例： </p> <ul><li>沖力浴：大量溫泉從高處流出，人以站立或坐姿在溫泉落下處，以獲得水沖力按摩。例如大分縣的筋湯温泉及鉄輪温泉。</li></ul> <ul><li>站立浴：以深浴槽的入浴式，享受溫泉水壓在腰部的按摩效果，也可藉助在水中的輕移身軀，加速全身血液循環。例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E6%89%8B%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="岩手縣">岩手縣</a>的鉛温泉。</li></ul> <ul><li>躺臥浴：溫泉設備提供躺臥方式，讓身體放鬆泡湯。例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%BD%9F%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="新潟縣">新潟縣</a>湯之谷溫泉鄉。</li></ul> <ul><li>足浴：將雙足浸泡在溫泉中的療養方式，足浴多設立在戶外而且免費提供。例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E5%85%92%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鹿兒島縣">鹿兒島縣</a>國道220號道路驛站，足浴設施長達60公尺，是全日本最長。</li></ul> <ul><li>蒸汽浴：用溫泉蒸汽供身體療養的浴池。例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%86%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="大分縣">大分縣</a>的鐵輪蒸汽浴將<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%96%E8%92%B2" title="菖蒲">菖蒲</a>鋪在地板以溫泉加熱，釋出香味以療養。</li></ul> <ul><li>砂浴：工作人員加熱溫泉天然矽砂，掩蓋仰臥者的身體部位以療養。例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E5%85%92%E5%B3%B6%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鹿兒島縣">鹿兒島縣</a>的宿温泉、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%86%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="大分縣">大分縣</a>的竹瓦温泉及海浜砂湯。</li></ul> <ul><li>岩盤浴：利用溫泉加熱地上的天然石板，以產生<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E7%B4%85%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A" title="遠紅外線">遠紅外線</a>的溫泉設施。例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8B%E7%94%B0%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="秋田縣">秋田縣</a>的玉川溫泉。</li></ul> <ul><li>泥浴：是渾濁如泥水般的溫泉，依溫泉礦物的不同，顏色從土黃泥色到白濁灰色都有。例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%86%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="大分縣">大分縣</a>明番溫泉、<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E6%9C%AC%E7%B8%A3" title="熊本縣">熊本縣</a>的地獄溫泉鈴之湯、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E5%8F%96%E7%B8%A3" title="鳥取縣">鳥取縣</a>的三朝溫泉、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8B%E7%94%B0%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="秋田縣">秋田縣</a>的五所岳溫泉。</li></ul> <ul><li>飲用泉：喝特定種類的溫泉，以增強身體的療養效果，碳酸泉特別受到推崇。在日本，碳酸泉曾用作<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E9%85%92" class="mw-redirect" title="蘋果酒">蘋果酒</a>的原料，例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%A6%AC%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="有馬溫泉">有馬溫泉</a>的“有馬蘋果酒” <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <p>溫泉除了可作<b>泡湯</b>之外，還能作為保暖、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="發電">發電</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4" title="溫室">溫室</a>、植物栽種、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%A2%E9%A4%8A%E6%AE%96" title="水產養殖">水產養殖</a>等作用。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="溫泉記號"><span id=".E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89.E8.A8.98.E8.99.9F"></span>溫泉記號</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：溫泉記號"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="floatright" width="50" border="1" cellpadding="15" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><font size="7"> ♨</font> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>溫泉記號♨，<a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>編碼（U+2668）<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>其起源共有三種不同說法，詳情參見<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E8%A8%98%E8%99%9F" title="溫泉記號">溫泉記號</a>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Onsen_Mark.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Onsen_Mark.png/70px-Onsen_Mark.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Onsen_Mark.png/105px-Onsen_Mark.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Onsen_Mark.png/140px-Onsen_Mark.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption>溫泉符號</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="各地溫泉"><span id=".E5.90.84.E5.9C.B0.E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89"></span>各地溫泉</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：各地溫泉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="北美的溫泉"><span id=".E5.8C.97.E7.BE.8E.E7.9A.84.E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89"></span>北美的溫泉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：北美的溫泉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geothermal_springs_map_US.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Geothermal_springs_map_US.png/300px-Geothermal_springs_map_US.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Geothermal_springs_map_US.png/450px-Geothermal_springs_map_US.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Geothermal_springs_map_US.png/600px-Geothermal_springs_map_US.png 2x" data-file-width="887" data-file-height="387" /></a><figcaption>美國的溫泉分布</figcaption></figure> <p>全<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>（包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉斯加">阿拉斯加</a>）有數千座溫泉。其中有許多是在二千萬到四千五百萬年前，由於激烈的火山運動而形成的。這些溫泉的規模從最小的小泉到接近間歇泉；從像<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="加州">加州</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B%E6%B8%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="橋港">橋港</a>北方Fales Hot Ditch的小泉到<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%88%A9%E6%A1%91%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E" title="亞利桑那州">亞利桑那州</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Tonopah" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tonopah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonopah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonopah（页面不存在）">Tonopah</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonopah" class="extiw" title="en:Tonopah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tonopah</span></a></span>）</span></span>的地下湖（它曾經給在托诺帕营业的至少七座<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E6%B5%B4%E5%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溫泉浴場（页面不存在）">溫泉浴場</a>提供了天然礦泉水，有兩座這樣的溫泉浴場的<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%97%E8%BF%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="遗迹">遺跡</a>現在依然可以看得到）。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%88%A9%E6%A1%91%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E" title="亞利桑那州">亞利桑那州</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Tonopah" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tonopah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonopah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonopah（页面不存在）">Tonopah</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonopah" class="extiw" title="en:Tonopah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tonopah</span></a></span>）</span></span>，溫泉水自己從地下湧出大概已經有上千年了。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91" title="美洲原住民">美洲原住民</a>因此把這裡取名為<i>Tonopah</i>，意思是“灌木下的熱水”。北美原住民將溫泉視為神聖的治療之地。雖然鄰近之處並沒有印地安遺蹟，但是磨輾穀物的臼洞、陶器碎片和其它物品依然可以显示游牧的獵人及採摘植物者在此地活动多年。北美洲和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="南美洲">南美洲</a>每一個主要溫泉都有被原住民使用過的紀錄，有些温泉存在已經超過一萬年。 </p><p>此外在Tonopah現存溫泉及其附近有數百件高品質的箭鏃被發現，这表示這裡曾是個獵場。人造物品的豐富，顯示出溫泉對史前人类的重要性。 </p><p>美洲原住民總是以全裸的狀態使用這些自然靈地。敵對的部落，即使是在戰爭中，如果在同一個溫泉中相遇，所有衝突都會停止，因為他們相信他們是在神聖的土地上。交談總是輕聲細語，但是更常見的是完全不交談。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="欧洲的溫泉"><span id=".E6.AC.A7.E6.B4.B2.E7.9A.84.E6.BA.AB.E6.B3.89"></span>欧洲的溫泉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：欧洲的溫泉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>是世界上最早发现开发温泉治疗的地区<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup>。拥有众多世界著名的温泉疗养地。 </p> <ul><li>意大利: <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E7%84%A6%E9%9B%B7%E6%B3%B0%E5%B0%94%E6%A2%85" title="萨尔索马焦雷泰尔梅">萨索温泉城</a> (Salsomaggiore Terme)</li></ul> <ul><li>德国：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="巴登巴登">巴登巴登</a>（Baden-Baden），<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%90%9B" title="亚琛">亚琛</a>（Aachen），<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%BE%B7%E9%B8%BF%E5%A0%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴德鸿堡（页面不存在）">巴德鸿堡</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB" title="威斯巴登">威斯巴登</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB_(%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9)" title="巴登 (奥地利)">巴登 (奧地利)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E7%BB%B4%E5%8F%91%E5%88%A9" title="卡罗维发利">卡罗维发利</a>，马利亚温泉城</li></ul> <ul><li>法国：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%B8%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="維希">維希</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="冰岛">冰岛</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%9D%E6%B9%96" class="mw-disambig" title="蓝湖">蓝湖</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF" title="巴斯">巴斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%95" title="斯帕">斯帕</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="亚洲的温泉"><span id=".E4.BA.9A.E6.B4.B2.E7.9A.84.E6.B8.A9.E6.B3.89"></span>亚洲的温泉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：亚洲的温泉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>中國大陆：<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B1%B1%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="黄山温泉">黄山温泉</a>、南京汤山温泉、四川螺髻九十九里、浙江南溪温泉、四川贡嘎雪峰海螺沟神汤处、湖北赤壁龙佑温泉、西藏羊八井温泉、云南腾冲温泉、吉林长白山温泉、内蒙古阿尔山温泉、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%A4%E9%B8%A3%E6%B9%96%E9%95%87" title="鹤鸣湖镇">河南鹤鸣湖湿地温泉</a>、黑龙江连环湖温泉、福州源脉温泉、福州青云山御温泉、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8E%E5%8C%96%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="从化温泉">从化温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%8C%97%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="重庆北温泉">重庆温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9D%E5%B7%9E%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89%E9%A3%8E%E6%99%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="汝州温泉风景区">汝州温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%81%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="安宁温泉">安宁温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E6%B1%A4%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="灰汤温泉">灰汤温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%9C%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="古兜温泉">古兜温泉、</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%B8%E5%AE%81%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="咸宁温泉（页面不存在）">咸宁温泉</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%B8%E6%B2%BD%E6%B9%96%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泸沽湖温泉（页面不存在）">泸沽湖温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E9%83%BD%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="帝都温泉">帝都温泉</a>等</li> <li>台灣：位於西太平洋菲律賓海板塊與歐亞大陸板塊的碰撞帶上，著名的有：<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="烏來溫泉">烏來溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="知本溫泉">知本溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%8A%95%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="北投溫泉">北投溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%81%E6%BA%AA%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="礁溪溫泉">礁溪溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E7%A9%97%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="瑞穗溫泉">瑞穗溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%BD%E6%98%8E%E5%B1%B1%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="陽明山溫泉">陽明山溫泉</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%94%E9%87%8C%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大埔里溫泉（页面不存在）">大埔里溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%87%8D%E6%BA%AA%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="四重溪溫泉">四重溪溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E5%AD%90%E5%B6%BA%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="關子嶺溫泉">關子嶺溫泉</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>日本：<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%B1%E6%A0%B9%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="箱根溫泉">箱根溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%BE%8C%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="道後溫泉">道後溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B1%E5%B8%83%E9%99%A2%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="由布院溫泉">由布院溫泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%A3%9B%E9%A9%92%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E9%84%89" title="奧飛驒溫泉鄉">奧飛驒溫泉鄉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E6%B4%A5%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89" title="草津温泉">草津温泉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%A6%99%E4%BF%9D%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="伊香保溫泉">伊香保温泉</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="泡湯需知"><span id=".E6.B3.A1.E6.B9.AF.E9.9C.80.E7.9F.A5"></span>泡湯需知</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：泡湯需知"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>因為溫泉多為公共場所，因此入湯前最後可以先行以下： </p> <ol><li>進入浴池前，要先在池外將身體沖洗乾淨。</li> <li>不要將<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%B7%BE" title="毛巾">毛巾</a>帶進溫泉池內，可將毛巾放在浴池邊或褶起來放在頭頂上。</li> <li>不要在溫泉池內洗頭或洗身體，不可在溫泉池內使用香皂或洗髮液。</li> <li>不要在溫泉池內大聲喧嘩，打鬧，游泳或奔跑，要保持安靜。</li> <li>大量飲酒後不可馬上入浴，以防摔倒或出現溺水等其它危險。</li> <li>不要將溫泉浴室內的吹風機、化妝品、梳子等帶出浴室。</li> <li>長途旅行後不要馬上洗溫泉，要做適當休息後再進行溫泉浴。</li> <li>在進入溫泉之前，要先用小木桶取少量溫泉水澆在身上，讓身體適應水溫後再進入浴池浸泡。（可避免驟然血壓降低和貧血引起的頭暈）</li> <li>空腹時和飯後應避免洗溫泉，以避免引起貧血和消化不良。</li> <li>避免酒後入浴，飲酒後入浴最容易引發事故（如心臟或血管系統疾病）。</li> <li>溫泉水溫分低溫和高溫，低溫一般在35至38度之間，而高溫一般在39至45度左右，入浴時，要由低溫泉開始，待身體逐漸適應後，再進入高溫泉浸泡。</li> <li>入浴時間一般為一次浸泡5至10分鐘左右，反覆2至3次。水溫低的溫泉可在20至30分鐘之間。每天的入浴次數應在2至3次之內，不宜頻繁入浴。如入浴次數過多，將會導致體力消耗過大，反而引起疲勞，事與願違。</li> <li>入浴後無需再洗淋浴，用毛巾輕擦全身既可，這樣溫泉中的微量元素可留在皮膚上，並被吸收到體內，達到預期效果。</li> <li>出浴後注意不要著涼，要穿好浴衣後回房間慢慢休息。</li> <li>出浴後應適當飲水或喝些飲料，以補充損失的水分。</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="泡湯禁忌"><span id=".E6.B3.A1.E6.B9.AF.E7.A6.81.E5.BF.8C"></span>泡湯禁忌</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：泡湯禁忌"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有以下狀況者，禁止泡湯： </p> <ol><li>癌症、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%8C%E7%97%87" title="癌症">惡性腫瘤</a>患者。經手術摘除或治愈者。</li> <li>各種急性疾病患者，尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%83%AD" title="发热">發燒</a>患者。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="結核">結核</a>以及結核性疾病患者。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A4%E5%AF%92" title="伤寒">傷寒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%A2%E7%96%BE" title="痢疾">赤痢</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流感</a>等傳染病患者。</li> <li>心臟病、惡性貧血、紫斑病、白血病、癲癇、脊椎骨疽、胸膜炎患者。</li> <li>極度衰弱以及極度營養不良者。</li> <li>懷孕初期與臨產期的孕婦。</li></ol> <p>另外有些地方可能還存在其他規定：如日本部分溫泉規定<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BA%E9%9D%92" title="刺青">刺青</a>者或可能為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%9C%98" class="mw-redirect" title="暴力團">暴力團</a>成員者不得進入。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="s:溫泉法">溫泉法</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" title="台灣溫泉">台灣溫泉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="日本溫泉">日本溫泉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="日本溫泉列表">日本溫泉列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%A1" title="中国温泉之乡">中國溫泉之鄉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E6%B5%B7%E7%86%B1%E6%B3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="深海熱泉">深海熱泉</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">van Tubergen, A (1 March 2002). 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"Onsen (hot springs) in Japan—Transforming terrain into healing landscapes". Health & Place. 18 (6): 1366–1373. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.06.020. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22878276?dopt=Abstract">PMID 22878276</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">美男童游湖戲水　竟感染「食腦菌」而死亡. 自由時報. 2012-07-20 [2012-10-10].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Shinji Izumiyama; Kenji Yagita; Reiko Furushima-Shimogawara; Tokiko Asakura; Tatsuya Karasudani; Takuro Endo (July 2003). "Occurrence and Distribution of Naegleria Species in Thermal Waters in Japan". J Eukaryot Microbiol. 50: 514–5. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00614.x. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14736147?dopt=Abstract">PMID 14736147</a>. S2CID 45052636.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yasuo Sugita; Teruhiko Fujii; Itsurou Hayashi; Takachika Aoki; Toshirou Yokoyama; Minoru Morimatsu; Toshihide Fukuma; Yoshiaki Takamiya (May 1999). "Primary amebic meningoencephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri: An autopsy case in Japan". Pathology International. 49 (5): 468–70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">CDC description of acanthamoeba</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Miyamoto H, Jitsurong S, Shiota R, Maruta K, Yoshida S, Yabuuchi E (1997). "Molecular determination of infection source of a sporadic Legionella pneumonia case associated with a hot spring bath". Microbiol. Immunol. 41 (3): 197–202. doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01190.x. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9130230?dopt=Abstract">PMID 9130230</a>. S2CID 25016946.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eiko Yabauuchi; Kunio Agata (2004). "An outbreak of legionellosis in a new facility of hot spring Bath in Hiuga City". Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 78 (2): 90–8. doi:10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.78.90. ISSN 0387-5911. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15103899?dopt=Abstract">PMID 15103899</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Goodyear-Smith, Felicity; Schabetsberger, Robert (2021-09-17). "Gonococcus infection probably acquired from bathing in a natural thermal pool: a case report". Journal of Medical Case Reports. 15 (1): 458. doi:10.1186/s13256-021-03043-6. ISSN 1752-1947. PMC 8445652. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34530901?dopt=Abstract">PMID 34530901</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">メディア・イベントと温泉―「国民新聞」主催 (PDF) - 群馬大学教育学部紀要人文・社会科学編第 54巻 67―83頁 2005 関戸明子</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">有馬蘋果酒（2016 年 10 月 4 日）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2668/index.htm">FileFormat - Unicode Character (HOT SPRINGS)</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-07-25</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210325071459/https://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2668/index.htm">存档</a>于2021-03-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&rft.btitle=FileFormat+-+Unicode+Character+%28HOT+SPRINGS%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fileformat.info%2Finfo%2Funicode%2Fchar%2F2668%2Findex.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taiwan.net.tw/w1.aspx">台灣交通部觀光局</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-10-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210325071431/https://www.taiwan.net.tw/w1.aspx">存档</a>于2021-03-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&rft.btitle=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E9%83%A8%E8%A7%80%E5%85%89%E5%B1%80&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaiwan.net.tw%2Fw1.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cailinet.cn/travel/67/">日本关东的温泉</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202182839/http://cailinet.cn/travel/67/">存檔</a>，存档日期2012-02-02.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="進一步閱讀"><span id=".E9.80.B2.E4.B8.80.E6.AD.A5.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>進一步閱讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：進一步閱讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks" style="float: right;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177380" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q177380"><span class="nomobile">在维基数据</span>编<span class="nomobile">辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </p> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本：" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90/%E6%96%B9%E8%BC%BF%E5%BD%99%E7%B7%A8/%E5%9D%A4%E8%BC%BF%E5%85%B8/%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89%E9%83%A8#溫泉" class="extiw" title="s:欽定古今圖書集成/方輿彙編/坤輿典/溫泉部">欽定古今圖書集成·方輿彙編·坤輿典·溫泉部</a>》，出自<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%A2%A6%E9%9B%B7" title="陈梦雷">陈梦雷</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90" title="古今图书集成">古今圖書集成</a>》</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%8E%E9%81%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="維基導遊">維基導遊</a>上的相關旅行指南：<b><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hot_springs" class="extiw" title="voy:Hot springs">Hot springs</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/data/publications/NCEI-thermal-springs.xlsx">Thermal Springs List for the United States</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20240815103357/https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/data/publications/NCEI-thermal-springs.xlsx">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）—1,661 hot springs</li> <li><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140822165751/http://geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull23-2/art5.pdf">Geothermal Resources of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. GHC Bulletin. June 2002, <b>23</b> (2) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-11-02</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull23-2/art5.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2014-08-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%BA%AB%E6%B3%89&rft.atitle=Geothermal+Resources+of+the+Great+Artesian+Basin%2C+Australia&rft.date=2002-06&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=GHC+Bulletin&rft.volume=23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeoheat.oit.edu%2Fbulletin%2Fbull23-2%2Fart5.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061110183857/http://www.os.is/Apps/WebObjects/Orkustofnun.woa/swdocument/1883/04+Bahati+IGC+2003.pdf">A scholarly paper with a map of over 20 geothermal areas in Uganda</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzhotpools.co.nz">List of 100 thermal hot springs and hot pools in New Zealand</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20240808230610/http://www.nzhotpools.co.nz/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hotspringsworldwide.info/worldwide.html">List of hot springs worldwide</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220816042821/http://www.hotspringsworldwide.info/worldwide.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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