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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 歷史 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-物理性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物理性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 物理性质 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关物理性质子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-浓度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#浓度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 浓度 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-浓度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-极性与导电性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#极性与导电性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 极性与导电性 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-极性与导电性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化学性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化学性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 化学性质 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-化学性质-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关化学性质子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-化学性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-水合反应与脱水反应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水合反应与脱水反应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 水合反应与脱水反应 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水合反应与脱水反应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-一般酸碱特性泛论" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#一般酸碱特性泛论"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 一般酸碱特性泛论 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-一般酸碱特性泛论-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-金属氧化与强氧化性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#金属氧化与强氧化性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 金属氧化与强氧化性质 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-金属氧化与强氧化性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-非金属物质的氧化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#非金属物质的氧化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 非金属物质的氧化 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-非金属物质的氧化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-跟某些盐反应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#跟某些盐反应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 跟某些盐反应 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-跟某些盐反应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-亲电芳香取代反应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#亲电芳香取代反应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 亲电芳香取代反应 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-亲电芳香取代反应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-自然界的存在" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#自然界的存在"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 自然界的存在 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-自然界的存在-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关自然界的存在子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-自然界的存在-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-地球" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地球"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 地球 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地球-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他星体" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他星体"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 其他星体 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他星体-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-金星" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#金星"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 金星 </div> </a> <ul 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5.2 湿硫酸法 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-湿硫酸法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他方法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他方法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 其他方法 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他方法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-用途" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用途"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 用途 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-用途-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关用途子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-用途-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-一般化工用途" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#一般化工用途"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 一般化工用途 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-一般化工用途-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-工业清洁品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#工业清洁品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 工业清洁品 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-工业清洁品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-催化剂" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#催化剂"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 催化剂 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-催化剂-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-电解质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#电解质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 电解质 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-电解质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-一般家居用途" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#一般家居用途"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 一般家居用途 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-一般家居用途-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-危险性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#危险性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 危险性 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-危险性-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关危险性子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-危险性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-实验室风险" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#实验室风险"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 实验室风险 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-实验室风险-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-工业风险" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#工业风险"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 工业风险 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-工业风险-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 相關 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 参考资料 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">硫酸</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。97种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" > 97种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaelsuur" title="Swaelsuur – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Swaelsuur" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83" title="حمض الكبريتيك – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حمض الكبريتيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6_%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="حمض كبريتي – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="حمض كبريتي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cidu_sulf%C3%BArico" title="Ácidu sulfúrico – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ácidu sulfúrico" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfat_tur%C5%9Fusu" title="Sulfat turşusu – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sulfat turşusu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="سولفوریک اسید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سولفوریک اسید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Серная кіслата – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Серная кіслата" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Серчаная кісьля – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Серчаная кісьля" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сярна киселина – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сярна киселина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="সালফিউরিক অ্যাসিড – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সালফিউরিক অ্যাসিড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trenkenn_sulfurek" title="Trenkenn sulfurek – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Trenkenn sulfurek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumporna_kiselina" title="Sumporna kiselina – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sumporna kiselina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80cid_sulf%C3%BAric" title="Àcid sulfúric – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àcid sulfúric" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%B9-s%C5%8Fng" title="Liù-sŏng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Liù-sŏng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyselina_s%C3%ADrov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina sírová – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kyselina sírová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%B3%D0%BA%C4%95%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B9%D3%B3%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA%C4%95" title="Кӳкĕрт йӳçекĕ – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кӳкĕрт йӳçекĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_swlffwrig" title="Asid swlffwrig – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Asid swlffwrig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svovlsyre" title="Svovlsyre – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Svovlsyre" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwefels%C3%A4ure" title="Schwefelsäure – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schwefelsäure" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BF%CE%BE%CF%8D" title="Θειικό οξύ – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θειικό οξύ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80cid_sulf%C3%A0nic" title="Àcid sulfànic – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Àcid sulfànic" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfuric_acid" title="Sulfuric acid – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sulfuric acid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfata_acido" title="Sulfata acido – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sulfata acido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_sulf%C3%BArico" title="Ácido sulfúrico – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ácido sulfúrico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4velhape" title="Väävelhape – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Väävelhape" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azido_sulfuriko" title="Azido sulfuriko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Azido sulfuriko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="سولفوریک اسید – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سولفوریک اسید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikkihappo" title="Rikkihappo – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rikkihappo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acide_sulfurique" title="Acide sulfurique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acide sulfurique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaawels%C3%BCren" title="Swaawelsüren – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Swaawelsüren" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aig%C3%A9ad_sulfarach" title="Aigéad sulfarach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aigéad sulfarach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_sulf%C3%BArico" title="Ácido sulfúrico – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ácido sulfúrico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geayrag_hulfuragh" title="Geayrag hulfuragh – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Geayrag hulfuragh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="חומצה גופרתית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חומצה גופרתית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="गन्धकाम्ल – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गन्धकाम्ल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumporna_kiselina" title="Sumporna kiselina – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sumporna kiselina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9nsav" title="Kénsav – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kénsav" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BE%D5%AE%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Ծծմբական թթու – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ծծմբական թթու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acido_sulfuric" title="Acido sulfuric – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Acido sulfuric" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asam sulfat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennisteinss%C3%BDra" title="Brennisteinssýra – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Brennisteinssýra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acido_solforico" title="Acido solforico – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Acido solforico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫酸 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="硫酸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asem_sulpat" title="Asem sulpat – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Asem sulpat" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="გოგირდმჟავა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გოგირდმჟავა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfat_kislotas%C4%B1" title="Sulfat kislotası – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Sulfat kislotası" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%80%D1%82_%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Күкірт қышқылы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Күкірт қышқылы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2" title="ಸಲ್ಫ್ಯೂರಿಕ್ ಆಮ್ಲ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಲ್ಫ್ಯೂರಿಕ್ ಆಮ್ಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%A9%EC%82%B0" title="황산 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="황산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Күкүрт кислотасы – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Күкүрт кислотасы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidum_sulphuricum" title="Acidum sulphuricum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Acidum sulphuricum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_sulforich" title="Acid sulforich – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Acid sulforich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieros_r%C5%ABg%C5%A1tis" title="Sieros rūgštis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sieros rūgštis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%93rsk%C4%81be" title="Sērskābe – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sērskābe" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сулфурна киселина – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сулфурна киселина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="സൾഫ്യൂരിക് അമ്ലം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൾഫ്യൂരിക് അമ്ലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Хүхрийн хүчил – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хүхрийн хүчил" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="सल्फ्युरिक आम्ल – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सल्फ्युरिक आम्ल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_sulfurik" title="Asid sulfurik – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Asid sulfurik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%96%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ဆာလဖျူရစ်အက်ဆစ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆာလဖျူရစ်အက်ဆစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swevels%C3%BC%C3%BCr" title="Swevelsüür – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Swevelsüür" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwavelzuur" title="Zwavelzuur – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwavelzuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svovelsyre" title="Svovelsyre – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Svovelsyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svovelsyre" title="Svovelsyre – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Svovelsyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_sulfuric" title="Acid sulfuric – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Acid sulfuric" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC" title="ਗੰਧਕ ਦਾ ਤਿਜ਼ਾਬ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੰਧਕ ਦਾ ਤਿਜ਼ਾਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwas_siarkowy" title="Kwas siarkowy – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kwas siarkowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%BE%DA%A9_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="گندھک دا تیزاب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گندھک دا تیزاب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_sulf%C3%BArico" title="Ácido sulfúrico – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ácido sulfúrico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_sulfuric" title="Acid sulfuric – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Acid sulfuric" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Серная кислота – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Серная кислота" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulphuric_acid" title="Sulphuric acid – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sulphuric acid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumporna_kiselina" title="Sumporna kiselina – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sumporna kiselina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="සල්ෆියුරික් අම්ලය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සල්ෆියුරික් අම්ලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfuric_acid" title="Sulfuric acid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sulfuric acid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyselina_s%C3%ADrov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina sírová – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kyselina sírová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDveplova_kislina" title="Žveplova kislina – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Žveplova kislina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidi_sulfurik" title="Acidi sulfurik – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Acidi sulfurik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сумпорна киселина – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сумпорна киселина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Asam sulfat" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svavelsyra" title="Svavelsyra – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svavelsyra" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சல்பூரிக் அமிலம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சல்பூரிக் அமிலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82" title="సల్ఫ్యూరిక్ ఆమ్లం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సల్ఫ్యూరిక్ ఆమ్లం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="กรดซัลฟิวริก – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กรดซัลฟิวริก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BClf%C3%BCrik_asit" title="Sülfürik asit – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sülfürik asit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D3%99%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Күкерт әчелеге – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Күкерт әчелеге" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Сульфатна кислота – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сульфатна кислота" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%88" title="سلفیورک ایسڈ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلفیورک ایسڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfat_kislota" title="Sulfat kislota – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sulfat kislota" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80sido_solf%C3%B2rego" title="Àsido solfòrego – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Àsido solfòrego" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_sulfuric" title="Acid sulfuric – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Acid sulfuric" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acide_so%C3%BBfrike" title="Acide soûfrike – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Acide soûfrike" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfuric_acid" title="Sulfuric acid – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sulfuric acid" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫酸 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="硫酸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫酸 – 文言文" lang="lzh" 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-f683ec12" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-f683ec12" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Chemistry"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84001320">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox nounderlines" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" rules="all" style="background-color:#f0f0f0; float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-color: #aaaaaa; border-style:solid; border:1px; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; width:305px; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:120%; text-align:center; background:#d6e0dc;">硫酸 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="S=O bond length = 142.2 pm, S-O bond length = 157.4 pm, O-H bond length = 97 pm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg/200px-Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg/300px-Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg/400px-Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="152" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png/160px-Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png/240px-Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png/320px-Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="898" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg/200px-Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg/300px-Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg/400px-Sulphuric_acid_96_percent_extra_pure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="932" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="max-width:305px; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/IUPAC%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="IUPAC命名法">IUPAC名</a> Sulfuric acid </td></tr> <tr> <td>别名 </td> <td>硫鏹水 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">识别 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CAS%E5%8F%B7" title="CAS号">CAS号</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=7664-93-9">7664-93-9</a>  <img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/1086">1086</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/SMILES" class="mw-redirect" title="SMILES">SMILES</a> </td> <td><div style="word-break:break-all;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div> </div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">OS(=O)(=O)O</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E7%9B%9F%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="欧盟编号">EINECS</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esis/index.php?GENRE=ECNO&ENTREE=231-639-5">231-639-5</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:26836">26836</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93" title="化学物质毒性数据库">RTECS</a> </td> <td>WS5600000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genome.ad.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:D05963">D05963</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">性质 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%BC%8F" title="化学式">化学式</a> </td> <td>H 2SO 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F" title="摩尔质量">摩尔质量</a> </td> <td>98.086 g·mol⁻¹ </td></tr> <tr> <td>外观 </td> <td>無色液體 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a> </td> <td>1.84 g/cm3，液体<a href="#cite_note-CRCHCP-1">[1]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a> </td> <td>10 °C（283 K）（<a href="#cite_note-CRCHCP-1">[1]</a>） </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E7%82%B9" title="沸点">沸点</a> </td> <td>337 °C（610 K）（<a href="#cite_note-CRCHCP-1">[1]</a>） </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E8%A7%A3%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="溶解性">溶解性</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>） </td> <td>完全混溶，放热 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" title="蒸氣壓">蒸氣壓</a> </td> <td>0.001 mmHg (20 °C)<a href="#cite_note-PGCH-2">[2]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E5%BA%A6%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0" title="酸度系数">pKa</a> </td> <td>-2.8, 1.99 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="黏度">黏度</a> </td> <td>26.7 <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%8A_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="泊 (單位)">cP</a>，20 °C </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">结构 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="晶体结构">晶体结构</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E6%96%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="单斜">單斜</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%BE%A4" title="空间群">空间群</a> </td> <td>C2/c </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E6%A0%BC%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="晶格常数">晶格常数</a> </td> <td>a = 818.1(2) pm, b = 469.60(10) pm, c = 856.3(2) pm </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E6%A0%BC%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="晶格常数">晶格常数</a> </td> <td>α = 90°, β = 111.39(3) pm°, γ = 90° </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">热力学 </th></tr> <tr> <td class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%84%93" title="标准摩尔生成焓">ΔfHm⦵298K</a> </td> <td>−814 kJ·mol−1<a href="#cite_note-b1-3">[3]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E7%86%B5" title="标准摩尔熵">S⦵298K</a> </td> <td>157 J·mol−1·K−1<a href="#cite_note-b1-3">[3]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">危险性 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%A9%E6%80%A7%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7#欧盟的危险性符号" title="危险性符号">欧盟危险性符号</a> <div style="text-align:center;"><div style="width:144px; margin:0 auto;"><div style="width:72px;float:left;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/File:Hazard_C.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="腐蚀性"><img alt="腐蚀性" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hazard_C.svg/70px-Hazard_C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hazard_C.svg/105px-Hazard_C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hazard_C.svg/140px-Hazard_C.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a>腐蚀性 C</div><div style="width:72px;float:left;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/File:Hazard_N.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="危害环境"><img alt="危害环境" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Hazard_N.svg/70px-Hazard_N.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Hazard_N.svg/105px-Hazard_N.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Hazard_N.svg/140px-Hazard_N.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a>危害环境N</div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E7%A4%BA%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="警示性質標準詞列表">警示术语</a> </td> <td>R：<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E7%A4%BA%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#R21" title="警示性質標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="R21: 触摸有害">R21</abbr></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E7%A4%BA%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#R35" title="警示性質標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="R35: 引起严重灼伤">R35</abbr></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E7%A4%BA%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#R68/21/22" title="警示性質標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="R68/21/22: 有害，触摸及吞食本品可能造成不可逆的后果">R68/21/22</abbr></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AD%B0%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="安全建議標準詞列表">安全术语</a> </td> <td>S：<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AD%B0%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#S1/2" title="安全建議標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="S1/2: 上锁储存并防止儿童触及">S1/2</abbr></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AD%B0%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#S26" title="安全建議標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="S26: 接触眼睛后立即用大量清水冲洗并求医">S26</abbr></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AD%B0%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#S30" title="安全建議標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="S30: 严禁向该制品加水">S30</abbr></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AD%B0%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#S45" title="安全建議標準詞列表"><abbr class="abbr" title="S45: 发生事故或感到不适时立即求医，可能的话出示标签">S45</abbr></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="化学品安全说明书">MSDS</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc03/icsc0362.htm">ICSC 0362</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>欧盟编号 </td> <td>016-020-00-8 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%81%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%BE%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="全球化学品统一分类和标签制度">GHS危险性符号</a> <a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-acid.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中腐蚀性物质的标签图案"><img alt="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中腐蚀性物质的标签图案" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-skull.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中有毒物质的标签图案"><img alt="《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中有毒物质的标签图案" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%81%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%BE%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="全球化学品统一分类和标签制度">GHS提示词</a> </td> <td>Danger </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%A9%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E" title="GHS危险说明">H-术语</a> </td> <td>H314 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS%E9%98%B2%E8%8C%83%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E" title="GHS防范说明">P-术语</a> </td> <td>P260, P264, P280, P301+330+331, P303+361+353, P363, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P321, P405, P501 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704">NFPA 704</a> </td> <td> <div style="position: relative; height: 85px; width: 75px;"> <div style="position: absolute; height: 75px; width: 75px;"><a href="/wiki/File:NFPA_704.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/75px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/113px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/150px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div> <div title="可燃性" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 3px; font-size: large;">0</div> <div title="健康" style="background: transparent; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 21px; font-size: large;">3</div> <div title="反應性" style="background: transparent; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 21px; left: 37.5px; font-size: large;">2</div> <div title="其它危險" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 44px; font-size: small;">COR</div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E7%82%B9" title="闪点">闪点</a> </td> <td>不可燃 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%81%E8%AE%B8%E6%9A%B4%E9%9C%B2%E6%9E%81%E9%99%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="允许暴露极限（页面不存在）">PEL</a> </td> <td>TWA 1 mg/m3<a href="#cite_note-PGCH-2">[2]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%88%E9%99%90%E5%80%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阈限值（页面不存在）">TLV</a> </td> <td>15 mg/m3 (IDLH), 1 mg/m3 (TWA), 2 mg/m3 (STEL) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#f1f1f1;">致死量或浓度： </td></tr> <tr class="skin-invert" style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">LD50（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%95%B8%E8%87%B4%E6%AD%BB%E9%87%8F" title="半數致死量">中位剂量</a>）</div> </td> <td>2140 mg/kg（大鼠，口服）<a href="#cite_note-IDLH-4">[4]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="skin-invert" style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">LC50（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%95%B8%E8%87%B4%E6%AD%BB%E9%87%8F" title="半數致死量">中位浓度</a>）</div> </td> <td>50 mg/m3（豚鼠，8小時） 510 mg/m3（大鼠，2小時） 320 mg/m3（小鼠，2小時） 18 mg/m3 （豚鼠）<a href="#cite_note-IDLH-4">[4]</a> </td></tr> <tr class="skin-invert" style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">LCLo（<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B4%E6%AD%BB%E9%87%8F#LCLo" title="致死量">最低</a>）</div> </td> <td>87 mg/m3（豚鼠，2.75小時）<a href="#cite_note-IDLH-4">[4]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">相关物质 </th></tr> <tr> <td>相关化合物 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8" title="硒酸">硒酸</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8" title="盐酸">盐酸</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="鉻酸">鉻酸</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>相关化学品 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="亞硫酸">亞硫酸</a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="过一硫酸">过一硫酸</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氧化硫">三氧化硫</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%83%9F%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="发烟硫酸">發煙硫酸</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">若非注明，所有数据均出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="标准状态">标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）</a>下。 </td></tr></tbody></table> 硫酸（英語：Sulphuric acid）是一种具有高<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E8%9A%80%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="腐蚀性">腐蚀性</a>的無機<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E9%85%B8" title="强酸">強酸</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%BC%8F" title="化学式">化学式</a>為H 2SO 4，被稱為化學工業之母<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>。一般為透明至微黄色，在任何浓度下都能与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E6%BA%B6" title="混溶">混溶</a>并且放热<a href="#cite_note-ds-6">[6]</a>。有时在工业製造过程中，硫酸也可能被染成暗褐色以提高人们对它的警惕性。<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> 作為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%85%83%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="二元酸">二元酸</a>的硫酸在不同浓度下有不同的特性，而其对不同物质，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="金属">金属</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="生物組織">生物组织</a>、甚至<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="岩石">岩石</a>等的腐蚀性，都归根于它的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E9%85%B8" title="强酸">强酸性</a>，以及它在高浓度下的强烈<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%B4" title="脱水">脱水性</a>（化学性质）、吸水性（物理性质）与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化性">氧化性</a>。高浓度硫酸能对皮肉造成极大的伤害，因为它除了会透过<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" class="mw-redirect" title="水解反应">酸性水解反应</a>分解<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA" title="脂肪">脂肪</a>造成化学烧伤外，还会与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碳水化合物">碳水化合物</a>发生脱水反应并造成二级火焰性灼伤,將有機化合物脫水成碳（C）<a href="#cite_note-TB-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-OA-9">[9]</a>；若不慎滴入眼中，更会破坏<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E7%BD%91%E8%86%9C" title="视网膜">视网膜</a>造成永久失明。故在使用时，应做足安全措施。另外，硫酸的吸水性可以用来干燥非<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B1%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碱性气体（页面不存在）">碱性气体</a> 。 不同特性的有着不同的应用，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%B8%A0%E7%94%A8%E5%93%81" title="通渠用品">家用强酸通渠剂</a><a href="#cite_note-dc-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-sadc-11">[11]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E9%85%B8%E8%93%84%E7%94%B5%E6%B1%A0" title="铅酸蓄电池">铅酸蓄电池</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%A3%E8%B4%A8" title="电解质">电解质</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E6%96%99" title="肥料">肥料</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%89%E6%B2%B9%E5%BB%A0" title="煉油廠">炼油厂</a>材料及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="化学合成">化学合成剂</a>等。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史">歷史</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸发现于公元8世纪。阿拉伯炼丹家<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94" title="贾比尔">贾比尔</a>通过<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E9%A6%8F" title="干馏">乾馏</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81" title="硫酸亚铁">硫酸亚铁</a>晶体得到硫酸。 <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalton%27s-sulphuric-acid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dalton%27s-sulphuric-acid.jpg/220px-Dalton%27s-sulphuric-acid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Dalton%27s-sulphuric-acid.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="98" /></a><figcaption>由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF" title="约翰·道尔顿">约翰·道尔顿</a>在1808年绘製的早期硫酸分子图显示了硫酸有一个位於中心的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>并与三个<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>建立共价键。</figcaption></figure> 一些早期对化学有研究的人，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E9%BD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="拉齐">拉齐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94" title="贾比尔">贾比尔</a>等，还写了有关硫酸及与其相关的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="矿物质">矿物质</a>的分类名单；其他一些人，如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E9%82%A3" title="伊本·西那">伊本·西那</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%B8%88" class="mw-redirect" title="医师">医师</a>，则较為重视硫酸的种类以及它们在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学">医学</a>上的价值。<a href="#cite_note-Karpenko-12">[12]</a> 在17世纪，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="化学家">化学家</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%83" title="約翰·格勞勃">约翰·格劳勃</a>将<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硝酸钾">硝酸钾</a>混合<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B1%BD" title="蒸汽">蒸汽</a>加热製出硫酸，在这过程中，硝酸钾分解并氧化硫令其成為能与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>混合并变為硫酸的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氧化硫">三氧化硫</a>（SO 3），於是，在1736年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E5%89%82%E5%B8%88" class="mw-redirect" title="药剂师">药剂师</a>Joshua Ward用此方法开拓大规模的硫酸生產。 在1746年，John Roebuck则运用这个原则，开创<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E5%AE%A4%E6%B3%95" title="铅室法">铅室法</a>，以更低成本有效地大量生產硫酸。经过多番的改良后，这个方法在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="工业">工业</a>上已被採用了将近两个世纪。<a href="#cite_note-b1-3">[3]</a>由John Roebuck创造的这个生產硫酸的方法能製造出浓度為65%的硫酸，后来，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>化学家<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E7%9B%96-%E5%90%95%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B" title="约瑟夫·路易·盖-吕萨克">约瑟夫·路易·盖-吕萨克</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>化学家John Glover将其改良，使其能製造出浓度高达78%的硫酸，可是这浓度仍不能满足一些工业上的用途。 在18世纪初，硫酸的生產都依赖以下的方法：<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%93%81%E7%9F%BF" title="黄铁矿">黄铁矿</a>（FeS 2）被燃烧成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81" title="硫酸亚铁">硫酸亚铁</a>（FeSO 4），然后再被燃烧，变為能在480 °C下分解成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%81" title="氧化铁">氧化铁</a>以及能用以製造任何浓度硫酸的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氧化硫">三氧化硫</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%81" title="硫酸铁">硫酸铁</a>（Fe2(SO4)3）。但是，此过程的庞大成本阻碍了浓硫酸的广泛运用。<a href="#cite_note-b1-3">[3]</a> 后来，到了1831年，英国製<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%8B" title="醋">醋</a>商人Peregrine Phillips想到了<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E8%A7%A6%E6%B3%95" title="接触法">接触法</a>，能以更低成本製造出三氧化硫以及硫酸，这种方法在现今已被广泛运用。<a href="#cite_note-b1-3">[3]</a> 在古代中国，稀硫酸被称为“绿矾油”。在公元650～683年（<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E9%AB%98%E5%AE%97" title="唐高宗">唐高宗</a>时），炼丹家孤刚子在其所著《黄帝九鼎神丹经诀》卷九中就记载着“炼石胆取精华法”，即干馏石胆（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E7%9F%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="绿矾">绿矾</a>）而获得硫酸。 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\rm {2FeSO_{4}\cdot 7H_{2}O{\stackrel {\Delta }{=\!=\!=\!=}}Fe_{2}O_{3}+SO_{2}\uparrow +SO_{3}\uparrow +7H_{2}O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>7</mn> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <mover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"> <mo>=</mo> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mo>=</mo> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mo>=</mo> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mo>=</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>7</mn> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\rm {2FeSO_{4}\cdot 7H_{2}O{\stackrel {\Delta }{=\!=\!=\!=}}Fe_{2}O_{3}+SO_{2}\uparrow +SO_{3}\uparrow +7H_{2}O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4492e56e76b628ee11513a05782a095274a39006" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:53.293ex; height:3.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\rm {2FeSO_{4}\cdot 7H_{2}O{\stackrel {\Delta }{=\!=\!=\!=}}Fe_{2}O_{3}+SO_{2}\uparrow +SO_{3}\uparrow +7H_{2}O}}}"> 需要注意的是以上反应须要在强热条件下进行。 中國古代中，硫酸也有石膽精的名稱。於《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E7%89%A9%E5%85%A5%E9%96%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="格物入門（页面不存在）">格物入門</a>》一書裏，硫酸名叫磺酸。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="物理性质">物理性质</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：物理性质">编辑</a>]</div> 纯硫酸一般為无色黏糊液体，形态与油类似。但有时在工业生產过程中，它也有可能被染色以提高购买者对其危险性的警惕。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="浓度">浓度</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：浓度">编辑</a>]</div> 儘管可以製出浓纯净的硫酸，并且室温下是稳定的（所谓的分解成恒沸物的反应发生在接近沸点的高温之下），但是纯硫酸熔点过高（283.4K/10.3℃）<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>，所以为了方便运输通常制成98%硫酸，故一般所说的“高浓度硫酸”指的便是浓度為98%的硫酸。另外，硫酸在不同的浓度下有不同的应用，以下為一些常见的浓度级别：<a href="#cite_note-Columbia-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-EB11-15">[15]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>质量分数 （kg/kg） </th> <th> H2SO4密度 </th> <th>物质的量浓度 （mol/L） </th> <th>俗称 </th></tr> <tr> <td>10%</td> <td>1.07</td> <td align="center">~1</td> <td>稀硫酸 </td></tr> <tr> <td>29–32%</td> <td>1.25–1.28</td> <td align="center">4.2–5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E9%85%B8%E8%93%84%E7%94%B5%E6%B1%A0" title="铅酸蓄电池">铅酸蓄电池</a>酸 </td></tr> <tr> <td>62–70%</td> <td>1.52–1.60</td> <td align="center">9.6–11.5</td> <td>室酸 肥料酸 </td></tr> <tr> <td>98%</td> <td>1.83</td> <td align="center">~18</td> <td>浓硫酸 </td></tr></tbody></table> 硫酸亦可被製成其他形态。例如，将高浓度的SO 3打入硫酸可製成<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%83%9F%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="发烟硫酸">发烟硫酸</a>（H 2S 2O 7）。有关发烟硫酸的浓度，人们通常以SO 3的百分比作準或者是H 2SO 4的百分比作準，两者均可。一般所称的“浓发烟硫酸”的浓度為45%（含110.1% H 2SO 4）或65%（含114.6% H 2SO 4）。100%纯发烟硫酸（<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="焦硫酸">焦硫酸</a>）為固体，熔点為36 °C。 硫酸也有一定的药用价值。另外在<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="分析化学">分析化学</a>上也有很大的用途，例如，稀硫酸常用於<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%B4%E5%AE%9A" title="滴定">滴定法</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="极性与导电性">极性与导电性</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：极性与导电性">编辑</a>]</div> 纯硫酸是一种非常极性的液体，其<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%82%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="介電係數">介电係数</a>大约為100。因為它分子与分子之间能够互相质子化对方，造成它极高的导电性，这个过程被称為<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%81%B6%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB" title="自偶电离">自偶电离</a>。这种反应机理是和纯<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="磷酸">磷酸</a>以及纯<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%9F%E9%85%B8" title="氢氟酸">氢氟酸</a>所同出一辙的。但纯硫酸达成这种反应平衡所需要的时间则比以上两者快得多，差不多是即时性的。<a href="#cite_note-greenwood-16">[16]</a> 2H2SO4↔H3SO4++HSO4- 有关的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="化学平衡">化学平衡</a>则是：<a href="#cite_note-greenwood-16">[16]</a> <dl><dd>Kap（25 °C）= [H 3SO+ 4][HSO− 4] = 6996270000000000000♠2.7×10−4</dd></dl> 而<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>的相应<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB" title="水的电离">化学平衡</a>则比硫酸的少1010（一百亿），其Kw為10−14。 （以上只為簡化版） 雖然為黏糊液體，硫酸，正如上述，有很高的導電性，這主要歸根於H 3SO+ 4及HSO− 4離子。除此，硫酸在很多<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="化學反應">化學反應</a>裡也是非常好的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="溶劑">溶劑</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="化学性质">化学性质</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：化学性质">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水合反应与脱水反应">水合反应与脱水反应</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：水合反应与脱水反应">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG/220px-Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG/330px-Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG/440px-Sulphuric_acid_on_a_piece_of_towel.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>数滴浓硫酸迅速蚀穿毛巾。</figcaption></figure> 硫酸与水发生的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%90%88" title="水合">水合</a>為高度<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%83%AD%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="放热反应">放热反应</a>，溶液在稀释过程中容易溅出，造成危险。故很多指引均建议实验人员将浓硫酸缓慢加入水中稀释并伴有搅拌以散热而不是将水加入浓硫酸中，一方面因为硫酸的密度比水大，把水加入硫酸中会使水浮在硫酸上面沸腾飞溅，另一方面因為这可利用水的高<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%83%AD%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="比热容">比热容</a>，减低危险性。 正如其他酸，硫酸在与水混合后会释放<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%AD%A3%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="氢正离子">氢离子</a>： <dl><dd>H 2SO 4 + H 2O → H 3O+ + HSO4− K1 = 2.4×106（强酸）</dd></dl> <dl><dd>HSO4− + H 2O → H 3O+ + SO42− K2 = 1.0×10-2 <a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></dd></dl> K1和K2是<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E5%BA%A6%E4%BF%82%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="酸度係數">酸度係数</a>。 因為硫酸与水的强亲和性及其<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="热力学">热力学</a>的配合，它是一种很强的脱水剂，能抽走化合物裡的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="水分子">水分子</a>。在实验室，硫酸通常会被加入<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E7%B3%96" title="白糖">白糖</a>裡（<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a>），以展示它的这种强烈脱水性特质。由於水分子的流失，白糖最终只剩下黑色的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>（炭化），这种反应最终使整个烧杯裡的混合物变黑： <dl><dd>C12H22O11（白色蔗糖） +硫酸→ 12 C（黑炭） + 11 H2O（水蒸气）</dd> <dd>C + 2 H2SO4 → CO2 + 2 SO2 + 2 H2O</dd></dl> 硫酸与其他<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碳水化合物">碳水化合物</a>的脱水反应也差不多，例如，当硫酸被加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%80%E7%B2%89" title="淀粉">淀粉</a>时，碳也是最终的產物。这可以充分地表现在硫酸与由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="纤维素">纤维素</a>构成的白纸的反应上，白纸最终被蚀穿，并呈现类似烧焦的顏色，这现象同样发生在纤维织物上，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%B7%BE" title="毛巾">毛巾</a>。儘管稀硫酸的脱水性比浓硫酸的弱得多，但是稀硫酸也能对织物上的纤维素造成很大的破坏。 硫酸与碳水化合物的脱水反应，可以用以下总方程式表达： <dl><dd>(C 6H 10O 5)n +硫酸→ 6n C + 5nH 2O</dd></dl> 再者，硫酸的强烈脱水性也可反映在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="硫酸铜">硫酸铜</a>身上。原本為蓝色，含水分的硫酸铜<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93" title="晶体">晶体</a>在与硫酸发生反应后，变為白色的粉末，这也是硫酸铜在脱水状况下的状态（<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%B0%B4%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="无水硫酸铜">无水硫酸铜</a>）： <dl><dd>CuSO4·5H2O（蓝色晶体） +硫酸→ CuSO4（白色粉末） + 5 H2O</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="一般酸碱特性泛论">一般酸碱特性泛论</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：一般酸碱特性泛论">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸正如其他的酸，能与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱">碱</a>发生<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="中和反应">中和反应</a>，变為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸盐">硫酸盐</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>。例如，用以<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%95%80" title="电镀">电镀</a>或製成杀真菌剂的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="硫酸铜">硫酸铜</a>便是从硫酸与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9C" title="氧化铜">氧化铜</a>的中和反应中取得： <dl><dd>CuO(𝑠)+ H 2SO 4(𝑎𝑞)→ CuSO 4 (𝑎𝑞) + H 2O(𝑙)</dd></dl> 硫酸可以和碳酸盐发生反应。如稀硫酸可以和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="碳酸钠">碳酸钠</a>反应，产生<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8" title="碳酸">碳酸</a>，但碳酸不稳定，会迅速分解为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>： <dl><dd>Na 2CO 3 + H 2SO 4 → Na 2SO 4 + CO 2 + H 2O</dd></dl> 浓硫酸加热下可以和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硝酸钾">硝酸钾</a>反应得到<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>、和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氯化钠">氯化钠</a>反应得到<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氯化氢">氯化氢</a>（这也是实验室制取氯化氢的方法之一）<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a>： <dl><dd>KNO 3 + H 2SO 4 → KHSO 4 + HNO 3</dd> <dd>NaCl + H 2SO 4 → NaHSO 4 + HCl</dd></dl> 硫酸是不挥发的强酸，因此可以制取弱酸和挥发性酸。以其与<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="乙酸钠">乙酸钠</a>為例，它会取代乙酸（CH 3COOH）產生出<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%92%A0" title="硫酸氢钠">硫酸氢钠</a>： <dl><dd>H 2SO 4 + CH 3COONa → NaHSO 4 + CH 3COOH</dd></dl> 硫酸在与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>反应时担当酸与脱水剂的角色，產生出NO+ 2离子，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机化学">有机化学</a>裡是很重要的一个反应过程。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="金属氧化与强氧化性质">金属氧化与强氧化性质</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：金属氧化与强氧化性质">编辑</a>]</div> 稀硫酸具有一般酸的性质，能与<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">锌</a>（Zn）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">铁</a>（Fe）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">锰</a>（Mn）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">镍</a>（Ni）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">铝</a>（Al）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">镁</a>（Mg）等活泼金属反应，释出<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氢气">氢气</a>（H2），而不与<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">铜</a>等不活泼金属发生产生氢气的反应。以<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">铁</a>為例： <dl><dd>Fe(𝑠) + H 2SO 4(𝑎𝑞)→ H 2(𝑔)+ FeSO 4(𝑎𝑞)</dd></dl> 但浓硫酸具有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化性">强氧化性</a>能与很多不活泼金属发生氧化还原反应。<a href="#cite_note-OA-9">[9]</a> 浓硫酸是强氧化剂，在反应过程中，它被还原為水及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">二氧化硫</a>（SO2）而不是氢，硫的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%95%B0" title="氧化数">氧化数</a>由+6降至+4。浓硫酸的强氧化性与其中存在的H2SO4分子有关。 <dl><dd>2 H2SO4 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐.)+ 2 e- → SO2 + 2 H2O + SO42-</dd></dl> 以铜為例： <dl><dd>Cu + 2 H2SO4 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐.) →SO2 + 2 H2O + CuSO4</dd></dl> 若与活泼金属接触则浓硫酸被还原的程度将更大，以锌為例： <dl><dd>3 Zn + 4 H2SO4 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐.)→ S + 4 H2O + 3ZnSO₄</dd></dl> 不过，<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">铅</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">钨</a>因在反应时產生保护层故能抵挡硫酸的腐蚀。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="非金属物质的氧化">非金属物质的氧化</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：非金属物质的氧化">编辑</a>]</div> 浓硫酸的强氧化性使其亦可以氧化非金属，例如碳和硫。 <dl><dd>C + 2 H2SO4(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐.)→ CO2 + 2 SO2 + 2 H2O</dd> <dd>S + 2 H2SO4(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐.)→ 3 SO2 + 2 H2O</dd></dl> 在上述反应，碳和硫的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%95%B0" title="氧化数">氧化数</a>由0升至+4。 当硫、硒、碲溶于发烟硫酸时，逐步被氧化为S192+（橙红色）、S82+（深蓝色）、S42+（淡黄色）、Se82+（深绿色）、Se42+（黄色）、Te42+（紫红色）等多聚阳离子。<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="跟某些盐反应">跟某些盐反应</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：跟某些盐反应">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸可与可溶性钡盐反应生成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A1" title="硫酸钡">硫酸钡</a>沉淀和相应的酸，可与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="碳酸盐">碳酸盐</a>反应生成相应的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸盐">硫酸盐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>。 <dl><dd>H2SO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4↓ + 2HCl</dd> <dd>Na2CO3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2↑</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="亲电芳香取代反应">亲电芳香取代反应</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：亲电芳香取代反应">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸能发生<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E7%94%B5%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E5%8F%96%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" class="mw-redirect" title="亲电芳香取代反应">亲电芳香取代反应</a>，变為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="磺酸">磺酸</a>。<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/File:Benzene_sulfonaition.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Benzene_sulfonaition.svg/250px-Benzene_sulfonaition.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Benzene_sulfonaition.svg/375px-Benzene_sulfonaition.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Benzene_sulfonaition.svg/500px-Benzene_sulfonaition.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="95" /></a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="自然界的存在">自然界的存在</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：自然界的存在">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地球">地球</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：地球">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg/220px-Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg/330px-Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg/440px-Rio_tinto_river_CarolStoker_NASA_Ames_Research_Center.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="488" /></a><figcaption>河水為高度酸性的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B7%E6%89%98%E6%B2%B3" title="廷托河">廷托河</a>，位於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a></figcaption></figure> 100%纯硫酸為无色粘稠液体，很难在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>上找到，因為其与水的亲和性很高，一暴露在空气中便会吸取水分。<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E9%9B%A8" title="酸雨">酸雨</a>可能含稀硫酸，这主要是因為在雨水的作用下，大气中的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">二氧化硫</a>与水结合，当中的產物<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="亚硫酸">亚硫酸</a>还会进一步地被氧化，形成硫酸。至於大气中的二氧化硫则主要来自於很多交通工具所排放的废气以及含硫化石燃料的燃烧。 自然界中，很多含硫的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="矿物质">矿物质</a>，例如硫酸铁，在发生氧化反应后形成硫酸，所形成的液体為高度酸性，能氧化残留的金属物，并释放出有毒的气体。 另有指在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a>界，有一种<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%9B%9E%E8%9D%93" class="mw-redirect" title="海蛞蝓">海蛞蝓</a>（Notaspidean pleurobranchs）也能喷射含硫酸的分泌物来御敌。<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他星体">其他星体</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：其他星体">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="金星">金星</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：金星">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸也能在<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星">金星</a>的上层大气中找到。这主要出自於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太阳</a>对二氧化硫，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="光化学">光化作用</a>。波长短於160<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3" title="纳米">纳米</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96" class="mw-redirect" title="紫外">紫外</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90" title="光子">光子</a>能<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%A7%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="光解">光解</a>二氧化碳，使其变為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="一氧化碳">一氧化碳</a>及原子<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>。原子氧非常活跃，它与二氧化硫发生反应变為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氧化硫">三氧化硫</a>。三氧化硫进一步与水產生反应释出硫酸。硫酸在金星大气中较高较冷的地区為液体，这层厚厚的、离星球表面约45-70公里的硫酸云层覆盖整个星球表面。这层大气不断地释出酸雨。 在金星裡，硫酸的形成不断循环。当硫酸从大气较高较冷的区域跌至较低较热的地区时被蒸发，其含水量越来越少而其浓度也就越来越高。当温度达300 °C时，硫酸开始分解為三氧化硫以及水，这两个產物均為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="气体">气体</a>。三氧化硫非常活跃并分解為二氧化硫及原子氧，原子氧接著氧化一氧化碳令其变為二氧化碳，二氧化硫及水会从大气中层升高到上层，它们会发生反应重新释出硫酸，整个过程又再一次循环。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="木卫二">木卫二</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：木卫二">编辑</a>]</div> 由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8F%B7%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="伽利略号探测器">伽利略号探测器</a>传来的影像显示，硫酸亦有可能出现於<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a>的其中一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="卫星">卫星</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="木卫二">木卫二</a>，但有关细节仍存有争议。<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生產">生產</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：生產">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸的生產方法主要有<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E8%A7%A6%E6%B3%95" title="接触法">接触法</a>及湿硫酸法。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="接触法">接触法</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：接触法">编辑</a>]</div> 首先，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>会被燃烧為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">二氧化硫</a>： <dl><dd>S (s) + O 2 (g)→ SO 2 (g)</dd></dl> 接著，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82" title="催化剂">催化剂</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%92%92" title="五氧化二钒">五氧化二钒</a>的作用下，二氧化硫会被氧气氧化為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氧化硫">三氧化硫</a>： <dl><dd>2 SO 2 (g) + O 2 (g) ⇌ 2 SO 3 (g)（催化剂為V 2O 5）</dd></dl> 三氧化硫会被製成97–98%的H 2SO 4并进一步成為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%83%9F%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="发烟硫酸">发烟硫酸</a>（H 2S 2O 7），发烟硫酸然后被水稀释成浓硫酸： <dl><dd>H 2SO 4 (l) + SO 3 (g)→ H 2S 2O 7 (l)</dd></dl> <dl><dd>H 2S 2O 7 (l) + H 2O (l)→ 2 H 2SO 4 (l)</dd></dl> 值得注意的是，三氧化硫并不会被直接打入水，因為这<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%83%AD%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="放热反应">高放热反应</a>会產生出具腐蚀性的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E6%BA%B6%E8%83%B6" title="气溶胶">气溶胶</a>而不是液体，气溶胶很难被分离出来，<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style>故此方法无效<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">[來源請求]</a>： <dl><dd>SO 3 (g) + H 2O (l)→ H 2SO 4 (l)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="湿硫酸法">湿硫酸法</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：湿硫酸法">编辑</a>]</div> 第一步，硫会被燃烧為二氧化硫： <dl><dd>S (s) + O 2 (g)→ SO 2 (g)</dd></dl> 或者是，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="硫化氢">硫化氢</a>（H 2S）会被焚化為二氧化硫： <dl><dd>2 H 2S + 3 O 2 → 2 H 2O + 2 SO 2（−518 kJ/mol）</dd></dl> 在<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82" title="催化剂">催化剂</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%92%92" title="五氧化二钒">五氧化二钒</a>的作用下，二氧化硫会被氧气氧化為三氧化硫： <dl><dd>2 SO 2 (g) + O 2 (g)⇌ 2 SO 3 (g)（催化剂為V 2O 5）</dd></dl> 三氧化硫会被水合為硫酸： <dl><dd>SO 3 + H 2O → H 2SO 4 (g)（−101 kJ/mol）</dd></dl> 最后一步则是将硫酸<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%9D%E7%B5%90" title="凝結">凝结</a>為液体硫酸，浓度大约是97%到98%： <dl><dd>H 2SO 4(g)→ H 2SO 4(l)（−69 kJ/mol）</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他方法">其他方法</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：其他方法">编辑</a>]</div> 大约在1900年之前，<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E5%AE%A4%E6%B3%95" title="铅室法">铅室法</a>為生產硫酸的主要方法。<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>截至40年代末，在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>仍有50%的化工厂採用<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E5%AE%A4%E6%B3%95" title="铅室法">铅室法</a>生產硫酸。 在古代的实验室裡，用亚硫酸氢钠制备二氧化硫，通入<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%B0%A7%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="双氧水">双氧水</a>裡產生硫酸： <dl><dd>SO2 + H2O2 → H2SO4</dd></dl> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="硫化氢">硫化氢</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="硫酸铜">硫酸铜</a>溶液反应（值得注意的是，这个反应伴随<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%98%E5%8E%9F%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="氧化还原反应">氧化还原</a>产生极难溶的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%8A%85" title="硫化銅">硫化铜</a>），<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E9%85%B8" title="草酸">草酸</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="硫酸铜">硫酸铜</a>的反应（因为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="草酸铜">草酸铜</a>Ksp过小，强行拉动反应<a href="#cite_note-OA-9">[9]</a>，但是此方法因为反应可逆制得硫酸往往纯度很低），以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="磺酰氯">磺酰氯</a>的水解，都会产生硫酸。<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%A3" title="电解">电解</a>硫酸铜溶液也可以产生稀硫酸。 但在現代，实验室通常可以直接购得硫酸而不需要制备。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="用途">用途</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：用途">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sulfuric_acid_2000.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Sulfuric_acid_2000.png/300px-Sulfuric_acid_2000.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Sulfuric_acid_2000.png/450px-Sulfuric_acid_2000.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Sulfuric_acid_2000.png/600px-Sulfuric_acid_2000.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>2000年世界硫酸生產概况。</figcaption></figure> 硫酸是工业上一种重要的化学品，它用途十分广泛，如製造肥料、非碱性清洁剂、护肤品、以及油漆添加剂与<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E8%8D%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="炸药">炸药</a>等。硫酸的重要性可以从它的生產量中反映。<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>截至2004年，全世界约出產近十八亿<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%99%B8" title="公噸">吨</a>的硫酸，当中，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>佔35%；<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="北美">北美</a>（包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>）佔24%；<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>佔11%；<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AC%A7" title="西欧">西欧</a>佔10%；<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AC%A7" title="东欧">东欧</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>佔10%；<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a>及大洋洲佔7%；<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%BE%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="南美">南美</a>佔7%。<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>在总生產量裡，约60%用来製作<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E6%96%99" title="肥料">肥料</a>，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="磷酸铵">磷酸铵</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸銨">硫酸銨</a>；约有20%被化工厂用以製作清洁用品，製药或其他工业用途，如作為提炼汽油的催化剂等。<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="一般化工用途">一般化工用途</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：一般化工用途">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸最广泛的用途是製造<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="磷酸">磷酸</a>，而磷酸则用於製造含磷肥料。93%硫酸被用於製造<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%99" title="硫酸钙">硫酸钙</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氟化氢">氟化氢</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="磷酸">磷酸</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氟化氢">氟化氢</a>最终会以<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%9F%E9%85%B8" title="氢氟酸">氢氟酸</a>的形态隔走。 <dl><dd>Ca 5F(PO 4) 3 + 5 H 2SO 4 + 10 H 2O → 5 CaSO 4·2 H 2O + HF + 3 H 3PO 4</dd></dl> 硫酸另一个用途用於造纸。硫酸会用於產生<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9D" title="硫酸铝">硫酸铝</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9D" title="硫酸铝">硫酸铝</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%B5%86" title="木浆">木浆</a>纤维上与少量肥皂物发生反应，形成含<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">铝</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A7%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="羧酸盐">羧酸盐</a>用以使纤维物凝固，形成较坚硬的表面。 <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9D" title="硫酸铝">硫酸铝</a>的產生：</dd> <dd>Al 2O 3 + 3 H 2SO 4 → Al 2(SO 4) 3 + 3 H 2O</dd></dl> 硫酸亦可製造用於隔走废水中有害物质的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9D" title="氢氧化铝">氢氧化铝</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9D" title="氢氧化铝">氢氧化铝</a>在污水处理厂裡是一个非常重要的化学物质。还有，硫酸也是很多染料製造中必要的化学物。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="工业清洁品">工业清洁品</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：工业清洁品">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸也是很多用以清洁氧化物、锈跡等的清洁品中的成分。已用的硫酸会被回收再用，方法是将酸与多种有机物燃烧，释出二氧化硫及三氧化硫，这些原材料可以用来生产新的硫酸。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="催化剂">催化剂</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：催化剂">编辑</a>]</div> 硫酸是多种化学反应的催化剂。例如，它催化<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E9%BE%99" title="尼龙">尼龙</a>的製造过程；另外，多个汽油提炼过程也需要硫酸的催化进行。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="电解质">电解质</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：电解质">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_(sulphuric_acid).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_%28sulphuric_acid%29.jpg/220px-Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_%28sulphuric_acid%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_%28sulphuric_acid%29.jpg/330px-Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_%28sulphuric_acid%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_%28sulphuric_acid%29.jpg/440px-Acidic_drain_cleaner_containing_sulfuric_acid_%28sulphuric_acid%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%B8%A0%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="通渠水">酸性通渠水</a>含有高浓度的硫酸。图中显示数滴<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%B8%A0%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="通渠水">酸性通渠水</a>使<a href="/wiki/PH%E8%AF%95%E7%BA%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="PH试纸">pH试纸</a>迅速变红并将其蚀穿，显示了其<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E9%85%B8" title="强酸">强酸性</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" class="mw-redirect" title="脱水反应">脱水性</a>。</figcaption></figure> 硫酸是汽车<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E9%85%B8%E8%93%84%E7%94%B5%E6%B1%A0" title="铅酸蓄电池">铅酸蓄电池</a>中的电解质。有关的化学方程式為： <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="阳极">阳极</a>：</dd> <dd>Pb + SO2- 4 ⇌ PbSO 4 + 2 e-</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="阴极">阴极</a>：</dd> <dd>PbO 2 + 4 H+ + SO2- 4 + 2 e- ⇌ PbSO 4 + 2 H2O</dd> <dd>总方程：</dd> <dd>Pb + PbO 2 + 4 H+ + 2 SO2- 4 ⇌ 2 PbSO 4 + 2 H2O</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="一般家居用途">一般家居用途</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：一般家居用途">编辑</a>]</div> 世界大多酸性水道疏通用品均含有硫酸，<a href="#cite_note-dc-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-sadc-11">[11]</a>可以除去头髮、油污等淤塞物。基於安全理由，在使用时宜小心并带上手套。另外，由於硫酸会与水发生高放热反应，在使用前宜尽量保持渠道乾爽，并慢慢倒入有关疏通剂。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="危险性">危险性</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：危险性">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="实验室风险">实验室风险</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：实验室风险">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chicken_foot_in_sulphuric_acid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Chicken_foot_in_sulphuric_acid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="165" /></a><figcaption>一鸡爪在数十秒内被高浓度硫酸严重腐蚀及碳化，显示了硫酸对皮肉所能造成的伤害。</figcaption></figure> 硫酸（特别是在高浓度的状态下）能对皮肉造成极大伤害。正如其他具<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E8%9A%80%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="腐蚀性">腐蚀性</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E9%85%B8" title="强酸">强酸</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E7%A2%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="强碱">强碱</a>一样，硫酸可以迅速与<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA" title="脂肪">脂肪</a>发生<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="水解作用">酰胺水解作用</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="水解作用">酯水解作用</a>，从而分解<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="生物組織">生物组织</a>，造成化学性烧伤。不过，其对肉体的强腐蚀性还与它的强烈<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%B4" title="脱水">脱水性</a>有关，因為硫酸还会与生物组织中的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碳水化合物">碳水化合物</a>发生脱水反应并释出大量热能。除了造成化学烧伤外，还会造成二级火焰性灼伤。<a href="#cite_note-TB-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-OA-9">[9]</a> 故由硫酸所造成的伤害，很多时都比其他可作比较的强酸（像<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8" title="盐酸">盐酸</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>）的大。若不慎让硫酸接触到<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%BC%E7%9D%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="眼睛">眼睛</a>的话，<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E7%BD%91%E8%86%9C" title="视网膜">视网膜</a>会受到严重破坏而可能会造成永久性<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E6%98%8E" title="失明">失明</a>；而若不慎误服，则会对体内<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98" title="器官">器官</a>构成不可逆的伤害，甚至会致命。<a href="#cite_note-ds-6">[6]</a>浓硫酸也具备很强的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化性">氧化性</a>，会腐蚀大部分<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="金属">金属</a>，故需小心存放。<a href="#cite_note-OA-9">[9]</a> 随著浓度的增加，硫酸的危险性也会增加。这是因為除了酸性物质的比例在加大外，其脱水性及氧化性亦在上升。当一溶液的硫酸含量等同或超过1.5 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%93%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="体积莫尔浓度">M</a>时，就应贴上“<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E8%9A%80%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="腐蚀性">腐蚀性</a>”警告标示，而在0.5—1.5 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%93%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="体积莫尔浓度">M</a>之间的，则為“<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BA%E6%BF%80%E6%80%A7" title="刺激性">刺激性</a>”。但是，即便在实验室惯用的“低浓度”硫酸（浓度大约為1 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%93%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="体积莫尔浓度">M</a>，10%比重）在一定时间也会蚀穿<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B8" title="纸">纸张</a>。 <div style="float: left2 margin-left: 1.0 em"><a href="/wiki/File:Hazard_C.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hazard_C.svg/70px-Hazard_C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hazard_C.svg/105px-Hazard_C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hazard_C.svg/140px-Hazard_C.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Danger-class-8.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Danger-class-8.svg/70px-Danger-class-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Danger-class-8.svg/105px-Danger-class-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Danger-class-8.svg/140px-Danger-class-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="432" /></a> </div> 当浓硫酸不慎接触到皮肤时，为了避免浓硫酸进一步伤害皮肤，应第一时间用大量流动的清水冲洗患处至少10—15<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%90%98" class="mw-redirect" title="分鐘">分鐘</a>，因為大量的水能够迅速冷却受损组织并带走热量。旧时教科书认为，应用乾布将皮肤上的浓硫酸擦去再作进一步的处理，但是由于高浓度硫酸接触皮肤后会迅速将皮肉炭化，用乾布可能会将已受损的皮肤擦破。而若硫酸意外地溅到保护衣物，应立即将其脱下，并彻底地冲洗有关部位。<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> 由於硫酸和水会发生剧烈的反应并释出热能，当稀释浓硫酸时，应把酸倒入水中而不是把水倒入酸中，这样可以利用水的高<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%83%AD%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="比热容">比热容</a>，减低因高温沸腾使酸溅出的风险。一般在实验室中，稀释6 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%93%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="体积莫尔浓度">M</a>（约35%比重）或浓度更高的硫酸是最為危险的，因為这个分量的硫酸在与水发生反应时，能释出足够的热量使整杯溶液沸腾。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="工业风险">工业风险</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：工业风险">编辑</a>]</div> 虽然硫酸并不是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E7%87%83" class="mw-redirect" title="易燃">易燃</a>，但当与<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="金属">金属</a>发生反应后会释出易燃的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氢气">氢气</a>，有可能导致<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8" title="爆炸">爆炸</a>，而作為强氧化剂的浓硫酸与金属进行<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%98%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化还原">氧化还原</a>反应时会释出有毒的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">二氧化硫</a>，威胁工作人员的健康。另外，长时间暴露在带有硫酸成分的浮质中（特别是高浓度），会使<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="呼吸系统">呼吸管道</a>受到严重的刺激，更可导致肺水肿。但风险会因暴露时间的缩短而减少。 在美国，硫酸的最多可接触分量（PEL）被定為1 mg/m3，此数字在其他国家相若。误服硫酸有机会导致<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12%E7%BC%BA%E4%B9%8F%E7%97%87" title="维生素B12缺乏症">维生素B12缺乏症</a>，其中，<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E" class="mw-disambig" title="脊椎">脊椎</a>是最易受影响的部位。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關">相關</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：相關">编辑</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="亚硫酸">亚硫酸</a> (H2SO3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="过一硫酸">过一硫酸</a> (H2SO5)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料">参考资料</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：参考资料">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CRCHCP-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CRCHCP_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CRCHCP_1-1">1.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CRCHCP_1-2">1.2</a> <cite class="citation book">Haynes, William M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bNDMBQAAQBAJ">CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</a> 95. CRC Press. 2014: 4–92 [18 November 2018]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781482208689" title="Special:网络书源/9781482208689">ISBN 9781482208689</a> （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.aufirst=William+M.&rft.aulast=Haynes&rft.btitle=CRC+Handbook+of+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.date=2014&rft.edition=95&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781482208689&rft.pages=4-92&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbNDMBQAAQBAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-PGCH-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_2-0">2.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_2-1">2.1</a> <cite class="citation web">NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0577.html">#0577</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国家职业安全卫生研究所">NIOSH</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.au=NIOSH+Pocket+Guide+to+Chemical+Hazards&rft.btitle=%230577&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NIOSH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fnpg%2Fnpgd0577.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-b1-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-b1_3-0">3.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-b1_3-1">3.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-b1_3-2">3.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-b1_3-3">3.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-b1_3-4">3.4</a> <cite class="citation book">Zumdahl, Steven S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0">Chemical Principles 6th Ed.</a>. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2009: A23. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-618-94690-X" title="Special:网络书源/0-618-94690-X">ISBN 0-618-94690-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.au=Zumdahl%2C+Steven+S.&rft.btitle=Chemical+Principles+6th+Ed.&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-618-94690-X&rft.pages=A23&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-IDLH-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_4-0">4.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_4-1">4.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_4-2">4.2</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/7664939.html">Sulfuric acid</a>. Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentrations (IDLH). <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国家职业安全卫生研究所">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> (NIOSH).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.atitle=Sulfuric+acid&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Immediately+Dangerous+to+Life+and+Health+Concentrations+%28IDLH%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fidlh%2F7664939.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=31038">[1]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-ds-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ds_6-0">6.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ds_6-1">6.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120617181442/http://www.arkema-inc.com/msds/01641.pdf">Sulfuric acid safety data sheet</a> (PDF). （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arkema-inc.com/msds/01641.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2012-06-17） （英语）. <q>Clear to turbid oily odorless liquid, colorless to slightly yellow.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.btitle=Sulfuric+acid+safety+data+sheet&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arkema-inc.com%2Fmsds%2F01641.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/inorganic/SULFURIC%20ACID.htm">Sulfuric acid</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120603051715/http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/inorganic/sulfuric%20acid.htm">存档</a>于2012-06-03） （英语）. <q>Colorless (pure) to dark brown, oily, dense liquid with acrid odor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.btitle=Sulfuric+acid&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchemicalland21.com%2Findustrialchem%2Finorganic%2FSULFURIC%2520ACID.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-TB-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TB_8-0">8.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TB_8-1">8.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.basf.ca/group/corporate/ca/en_GB/function/conversions:/publishdownload/content/sustainability/employees/occupational-medicine/responsible-care-files/BASF_medGuidelines_E015_Sulfuric_acid_C.pdf">BASF Chemical Emergency Medical Guidelines - Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)</a> (PDF). BASF Chemical Company. 2012 [2014-12-18] （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.btitle=BASF+Chemical+Emergency+Medical+Guidelines+-+Sulfuric+acid+%28H2SO4%29&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BASF+Chemical+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.basf.ca%2Fgroup%2Fcorporate%2Fca%2Fen_GB%2Ffunction%2Fconversions%3A%2Fpublishdownload%2Fcontent%2Fsustainability%2Femployees%2Foccupational-medicine%2Fresponsible-care-files%2FBASF_medGuidelines_E015_Sulfuric_acid_C.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-OA-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OA_9-0">9.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OA_9-1">9.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OA_9-2">9.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OA_9-3">9.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OA_9-4">9.4</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130509024826/http://www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/solutions/chemistry/sulfuricacid1.html">Sulfuric acid – uses</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/solutions/chemistry/sulfuricacid1.html">原始内容</a>存档于2013-05-09） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.btitle=Sulfuric+acid+%E2%80%93+uses&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dynamicscience.com.au%2Ftester%2Fsolutions%2Fchemistry%2Fsulfuricacid1.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-dc-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dc_10-0">10.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dc_10-1">10.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ehow.com/how_5185601_use-sulfuric-acid-drain-cleaning.html">How to use sulfuric acid (sulphuric acid) for drain cleaning</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131028172024/http://www.ehow.com/how_5185601_use-sulfuric-acid-drain-cleaning.html">存档</a>于2013-10-28） （英语）. <q>Many drain cleaners on the market use sulfuric acid to eat away at clogs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.btitle=How+to+use+sulfuric+acid+%28sulphuric+acid%29+for+drain+cleaning&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ehow.com%2Fhow_5185601_use-sulfuric-acid-drain-cleaning.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-sadc-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sadc_11-0">11.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sadc_11-1">11.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192755/http://www.staplesdisposables.com/uploads/products/B470FF98A27F414881DB3FE1A1116C93.pdf">Sulphuric acid drain cleaner</a> (PDF). herchem.com. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.staplesdisposables.com/uploads/products/B470FF98A27F414881DB3FE1A1116C93.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2013-10-29） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.atitle=Sulphuric+acid+drain+cleaner&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=herchem.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.staplesdisposables.com%2Fuploads%2Fproducts%2FB470FF98A27F414881DB3FE1A1116C93.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Karpenko-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Karpenko_12-0">^</a> Vladimir Karpenko, John A. 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[2008-01-27]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey/Ch12/ch12-4.html">原始内容</a>存档于2008年2月26日）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.atitle=Reactions+of+Arenes.+Electrophilic+Aromatic+Substitution&rft.au=F.+A.+Carey&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=On-Line+Learning+Center+for+Organic+Chemistry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chem.ucalgary.ca%2Fcourses%2F351%2FCarey%2FCh12%2Fch12-4.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.seaslugforum.net/display.cfm?id=2342">[2]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070707033454/http://www.seaslugforum.net/display.cfm?id=2342">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）。 </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Orlando, T. 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Elsevier. 2006: 8, 13 [2011-12-23]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-08-044428-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-08-044428-4">ISBN 978-0-08-044428-4</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130527201548/http://books.google.com/books?id=tRAb2CniRG4C">存档</a>于2013-05-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.au=Davenport%2C+William+George+and+King%2C+Matthew+J.&rft.btitle=Sulfuric+acid+manufacture%3A+analysis%2C+control+and+optimization&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-08-044428-4&rft.pages=8%2C+13&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtRAb2CniRG4C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Greenwood, Norman Neill; Earnshaw, Alan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/chemistry-of-the-elements/oclc/1040112384">Chemistry of the elements</a>. 2016: 653. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7506-3365-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7506-3365-9">ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1040112384">OCLC 1040112384</a> （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.au=Earnshaw%2C+Alan&rft.aufirst=Norman+Neill&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+elements&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7506-3365-9&rft.pages=653&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2Fchemistry-of-the-elements%2Foclc%2F1040112384&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1040112384&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite class="citation book">说说我自大学至今十二年化学之路遭遇的安全事故. 工作虐我千百遍，我待工作如初恋. 天地出版社. 2015. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787545511000" title="Special:网络书源/9787545511000">ISBN 9787545511000</a>. <q>不管是浓硫酸还是发烟硫酸，如果只有几滴滴到了手上的话，正确处置办法就是用最快的时间用大量水冲！……在车间工作服上溅到大量浓硫酸的处置是立马把衣服全都脱了，内衣内裤都脱，然后光着用水管子冲身子！如果大量浓硫酸（95%）以上，大量的直接溅到大面积的皮肤上，你身边有什么无毒的液体就赶紧冲，水也行，乙醇也行，食用油也行。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8&rft.atitle=%E8%AF%B4%E8%AF%B4%E6%88%91%E8%87%AA%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF%E9%81%AD%E9%81%87%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85&rft.btitle=%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E8%99%90%E6%88%91%E5%8D%83%E7%99%BE%E9%81%8D%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E5%BE%85%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%A6%82%E5%88%9D%E6%81%8B&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=9787545511000&rft.pub=%E5%A4%A9%E5%9C%B0%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="硫化合物" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sulfur_compounds" title="Template:Sulfur compounds"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sulfur_compounds" title="Template talk:Sulfur compounds"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Sulfur_compounds" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Sulfur compounds"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="硫化合物" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>化合物</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="硫化物">硫化物</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="二硫化物">二硫化物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9D" title="硫化铝">Al2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二硫化二砷（页面不存在）">As2S2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A0%B7" title="三硫化二砷">As2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五硫化二砷（页面不存在）">As2S5</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_pentasulfide" class="extiw" title="en:Arsenic pentasulfide">Arsenic pentasulfide</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%84%E9%BB%84" title="雄黄">As4S4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%91" title="硫化亚金">Au2S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%87%91" title="硫化金">Au2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%BC" title="硫化硼">B2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A1" title="硫化钡">BaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%8D" title="硫化铍">BeS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%93%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三硫化二铋">Bi2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二硫化碳">CS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E7%A2%B3" title="二硫化三碳">C3S2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AD%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%8E%AF%E5%B7%B1%E5%85%AD%E9%85%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="六硫代环己六酮（页面不存在）">C6S6</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexanehexathione" class="extiw" title="en:Cyclohexanehexathione">Cyclohexanehexathione</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%99" title="硫化钙">CaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%95%89" title="硫化镉">CdS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%88" title="一硫化铈">CeS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%B4" title="硫化钴">CoS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%93%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="三硫化二铬">Cr2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E7%A1%92%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫硒化碳（页面不存在）">CSSe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E7%A2%B2%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫碲化碳（页面不存在）">CSTe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%93%9C%E7%9F%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="黄铜矿">CuFeS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="一硫化铜">CuS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫化氘（页面不存在）">D2S</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%95%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫化镝（页面不存在）">Dy2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫化铒（页面不存在）">Er2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%95" title="硫化亚铕">EuS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%93%81%E7%9F%BF" title="黄铁矿">FeS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%95%93" title="一硫化镓">GaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AB" title="硫化氫">H2S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="硫化铪">HfS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B1%9E" title="硫化汞">HgS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%93%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="三硫化二铟">In2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%BE" title="硫化钾">K2S</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%95%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一硫化镧（页面不存在）">LaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%94%82" title="硫化锂">Li2S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%95%81" title="硫化镁">MgS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%BC" title="三硫化钼">MoS3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="硫氢化钠">NaHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="硫化钠">Na2S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E9%93%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="硫氢化铵">NH4HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%95%8D" title="硫化镍">NiS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="磷的硫化物">P4Sx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%85" class="mw-redirect" title="一硫化铅">PbS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%85" title="二硫化铅">PbS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="硫代磷酰氯">PSCl3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B0%E7%A2%98" title="硫代磷酰碘">PSI3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%82" title="一硫化铂">PtS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%BC" title="二硫化铼">ReS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%93%BC" title="七硫化二铼">Re2S7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%BD" title="一硫化矽">SiS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%8D%B6" title="硫化鍶">SrS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%8A" title="硫化亚铊">TlS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一硫化钒（页面不存在）">VS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%92" title="二硫化硒">SeS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%93%80" title="二硫化铀">S2U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A8" title="二硫化钨">WS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%94%91" title="三硫化二锑">Sb2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%94%91" title="五硫化二锑">Sb2S5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫氧化锑（页面不存在）">Sb4S3O3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%90" class="mw-redirect" title="硫化钐">Sm2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%92%87" title="硫化钇">Y2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E9%94%86" title="二硫化锆">ZrS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="Template:硫化物">其它</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">硫的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="卤化物">卤化物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB" title="二溴化二硫">S2Br2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二溴化硫">SBr2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB" title="二氯化二硫">S2Cl2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氯化硫">SCl2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="四氯化硫">SCl4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="四氟化三硫（页面不存在）">F3SSSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB" title="二氟化二硫">S2F2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%9C" title="硫代氟化亚砜">SSF2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氟化硫">SF2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB" title="四氟化二硫">F3SSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氟化硫">SF3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="四氟化硫">SF4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB" title="十氟化二硫">S2F10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="六氟化硫">SF6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB" title="二碘化二硫">S2I2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">含氧化合物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">SO2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="三氧化硫">SO3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%9C" title="溴化亚砜">SOBr2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%9C" title="氯化亚砜">SOCl2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%9C" title="氟化亚砜">SOF2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="四氟氧化硫">SOF4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E6%B0%9F%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="次氟酸五氟化硫">FOSF5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="亚硫酸">H2SO3</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">H2SO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫代硫酸">H 2S 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="焦硫酸">H2S2O7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E4%B8%80%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="过一硫酸">H2SO5</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="亚硫酸盐">亚硫酸盐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%95%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚硫酸镉（页面不存在）">CdSO3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="亚硫酸钾">K2SO3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="Template:亚硫酸盐">其它</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="硫酸盐">硫酸盐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B6" title="硫酸银">Ag2SO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%99" title="硫酸钙">CaSO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%AF" title="硫酸铯">Cs2O4S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%92" title="硫酸铒">Er2(SO4)3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%95" title="硫酸铕">Eu2(SO4)3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E6%B1%9E" title="硫酸汞">HgSO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硫酸钾">K2SO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%9F%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="明矾">KAl(SO4)2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89%E6%98%8E%E7%A4%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鈉明礬">NaAl(SO4)2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%95%AD" title="硫酸镭">RaSO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%9A%E9%94%A1" title="硫酸亚锡">SnSO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%8D%B6" title="硫酸鍶">SrSO4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫酸钛（页面不存在）">Ti(SO4)2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%A5" title="硫酸铥">Tm2(SO4)3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%95%B1" title="硫酸镱">Yb2(SO4)3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%94%86" title="硫酸锆">Zr(SO4)2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="Template:硫酸盐">其它</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硫代硫酸盐">硫代硫酸盐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0" title="硫代硫酸钠">Na 2S 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硫代硫酸钾">K 2S 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫代硫酸铷（页面不存在）">Rb 2S 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫代硫酸铯（页面不存在）">Cs 2S 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="硫代硫酸铵">(NH 4) 2S 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%95%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫代硫酸镁（页面不存在）">MgS 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%99" title="硫代硫酸钙">CaS 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A1" title="硫代硫酸钡">BaS 2O 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B6%E9%92%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫代硫酸银钠（页面不存在）">Na 3AgS 4O 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%87%91%E9%92%A0" title="硫代硫酸金钠">Na 3AuS 4O 6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="硫氰酸盐">硫氰酸盐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8" title="硫氰酸">HSCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="硫氰酸钾">KSCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%92%B4" title="硫氰酸钴">Co(SCN)2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="Template:硫氰酸盐">其它</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="有机硫化合物">有机硫化合物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E7%A1%AB%E4%B9%99%E7%83%B7" title="环硫乙烷">C2H4S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%89%E7%A1%AB" title="二甲基三硫">C2H6S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%BB%E5%90%A9" title="噻吩">C4H4S</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%A1%AB%E9%86%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="十六硫醚（页面不存在）">C32H66S2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%AB%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三氯甲基硫醇（页面不存在）">CHCl3S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E7%94%B2%E9%85%AF" title="硫氰酸甲酯">C2H3SN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%BC%8F" title="化学式">化学式</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="无机酸" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8" title="Template:无机酸"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:无机酸（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:无机酸"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="无机酸" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E9%85%B8" title="无机酸">无机酸</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <table style="width:100%;margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="质子">H+</a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="10" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="5"> </td> <td>He </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>Li </td> <td>Be </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8" title="硼酸">H3BO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8" title="二硼酸">H4B2O4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8" title="四硼酸">H2B4O7</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8" title="氟硼酸">HBF4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8" title="碳酸">H2CO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8" title="硫代碳酸">H2CS3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8" title="硒代碳酸">H2CSe3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8" title="氰酸">HOCN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8" title="硫氰酸">HSCN</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%92%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硒氰酸（页面不存在）">HSeCN</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%8A%E6%B0%AE%E9%85%B8" title="疊氮酸">HN3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="亚硝酸">HNO2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">HNO3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="超氧化氢">HO2</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氟化氢">HF</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E6%B0%9F%E9%85%B8" title="次氟酸">HOF</a> </td> <td>Ne </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>Na </td> <td>Mg </td> <td>Al </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8" title="硅酸">H2SiO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8" title="原硅酸">H4SiO4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8" title="氟硅酸">H2SiF6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="次磷酸">H3PO2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="亞磷酸">H3PO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="磷酸">H3PO4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%90%AB%E6%B0%A7%E9%85%B8" title="磷的含氧酸">HxPOy</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="六氟磷酸">HPF6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AB" title="硫化氫">H2S</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="亚硫酸">H2SO3</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">H2SO4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%90%AB%E6%B0%A7%E9%85%B8" title="硫含氧酸">HxSOy</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基磺酸">H3NSO3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="氯化氢">HCl</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8" title="次氯酸">HOCl</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8" title="亚氯酸">HClO2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8" title="氯酸">HClO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8" title="高氯酸">HClO4</a> </td> <td>Ar </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>K </td> <td>Ca </td> <td>Sc </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B%E9%85%B8" title="钛酸">H2TiO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E5%90%88%E9%92%9B%E9%85%B8" title="六氟合钛酸">H2TiF6</a> </td> <td>V </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC%E9%85%B8" title="铬酸">H2Cr2O7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%94%B0%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="高锰酸">HMnO4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E5%90%88%E9%94%B0%E9%85%B8" title="五羰基合锰酸">HMn(CO)5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%B0%E5%90%88%E9%93%81(III)%E9%85%B8" title="六氰合铁(III)酸">H3Fe(CN)6</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%B0%E5%90%88%E9%93%81(II)%E9%85%B8" title="六氰合铁(II)酸">H4Fe(CN)6</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E5%90%88%E9%93%81%E9%85%B8" title="四羰基合铁酸">H2Fe(CO)4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%B0%E5%90%88%E9%92%B4(III)%E9%85%B8" title="六氰合钴(III)酸">H3Co(CN)6</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E9%92%B4%E9%85%B8" title="四羰基钴酸">HCo(CO)4</a> </td> <td>Ni </td> <td>Cu </td> <td>Zn </td> <td>Ga </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E5%90%88%E9%94%97%E9%85%B8" title="六氟合锗酸">H2GeF6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%B7%E9%85%B8" title="亚砷酸">H3AsO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7%E9%85%B8" title="砷酸">H3AsO4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E7%A0%B7%E9%85%B8" title="六氟砷酸">HAsF6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="硒化氢">H2Se</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8" title="亚硒酸">H2SeO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8" title="硒酸">H2SeO4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="溴化氢">HBr</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E6%BA%B4%E9%85%B8" title="次溴酸">HOBr</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%BA%B4%E9%85%B8" title="亚溴酸">HBrO2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E9%85%B8" title="溴酸">HBrO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%BA%B4%E9%85%B8" title="高溴酸">HBrO4</a> </td> <td>Kr </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>Rb </td> <td>Sr </td> <td>Y </td> <td>Zr </td> <td>Nb </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%92%BC%E9%85%B8" title="磷钼酸">H3PMo12O40</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%85%E9%92%BC%E9%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硅钼酸（页面不存在）">H4SiMo12O40</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%94%9D%E9%85%B8" title="高锝酸">HTcO4</a> </td> <td>Ru </td> <td>Rh </td> <td>Pd </td> <td>Ag </td> <td>Cd </td> <td>In </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="锡酸">H2SnO3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E9%8A%BB%E9%85%B8" title="氟銻酸">HSbF6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="碲化氢">H2Te</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A2%B2%E9%85%B8" title="亚碲酸">H2TeO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E9%85%B8" title="碲酸">H6TeO6</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%9F%E7%A2%B2%E9%85%B8" title="五氟碲酸">HOTeF5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="碘化氢">HI</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E7%A2%98%E9%85%B8" title="次碘酸">HOI</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A2%98%E9%85%B8" title="亚碘酸">HIO2</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98%E9%85%B8" title="碘酸">HIO3</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%A2%98%E9%85%B8" title="高碘酸">H5IO6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99%E9%85%B8" title="氙酸">H2XeO4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%B0%99%E9%85%B8" title="高氙酸">H4XeO6</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>Cs </td> <td>Ba </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">镧系 </td> <td>Hf </td> <td>Ta </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%8E%A2%E9%85%B8" title="磷鎢酸">H3PW12O40</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD%E9%8E%A2%E9%85%B8" title="矽鎢酸">H4SiW12O40</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%93%BC%E9%85%B8" title="高铼酸">HReO4</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E9%93%BC%E9%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五羰基铼酸（页面不存在）">HRe(CO)5</a> </td> <td>Os </td> <td>Ir </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E9%89%91%E9%85%B8" title="氯鉑酸">H2PtCl6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E9%87%91%E9%85%B8" title="氯金酸">HAuCl4</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E9%87%91%E9%85%B8" title="溴金酸">HAuBr4</a> </td> <td>Hg </td> <td>Tl </td> <td>Pb </td> <td>Bi </td> <td>Po </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AB" title="砹化氫">HAt</a> </td> <td>Rn </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td>Fr </td> <td>Ra </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">锕系 </td> <td>Rf </td> <td>Db </td> <td>Sg </td> <td>Bh </td> <td>Hs </td> <td>Mt </td> <td>Ds </td> <td>Rg </td> <td>Cn </td> <td>Nh </td> <td>Fl </td> <td>Mc </td> <td>Lv </td> <td>Ts </td> <td>Og </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="1"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">↓ </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" rowspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">镧系 </td> <td>La </td> <td>Ce </td> <td>Pr </td> <td>Nd </td> <td>Pm </td> <td>Sm </td> <td>Eu </td> <td>Gd </td> <td>Tb </td> <td>Dy </td> <td>Ho </td> <td>Er </td> <td>Tm </td> <td>Yb </td> <td>Lu </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose;vertical-align:top"> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">锕系 </td> <td>Ac </td> <td>Th </td> <td>Pa </td> <td>U </td> <td>Np </td> <td>Pu </td> <td>Am </td> <td>Cm </td> <td>Bk </td> <td>Cf </td> <td>Es </td> <td>Fm </td> <td>Md </td> <td>No </td> <td>Lr </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">其它含氮、硫无机酸 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="次硝酸">HNO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="过氧亚硝酸">HOONO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="过硝酸">HNO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9E%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="连二次硝酸">H2N2O2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫代硫酸">H2S2O3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AB" title="二硫化氫">H2S2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="四硫代磷酸">H3PS4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氟磺酸">HSO3F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氯磺酸">HSO3Cl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="亚硝基硫酸">NOHSO4</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output 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