CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"36edb981-1480-4254-85b6-f07598e1bb9e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt","wgTitle":"Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt","wgCurRevisionId":1253116917,"wgRevisionId":1253116917,"wgArticleId":28830228,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the WikiHiero extension","Pages using the EasyTimeline extension","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing Ancient Egyptian-language text","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt","States and territories established in the 16th century BC","States and territories disestablished in the 13th century BC","Dynasties of ancient Egypt","New Kingdom of Egypt", "16th century BC in Egypt","15th century BC in Egypt","14th century BC in Egypt","13th century BC in Egypt","16th-century BC establishments in Egypt","13th century BC disestablishments in Egypt","2nd millennium BC in Egypt"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt","wgRelevantArticleId":28830228,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat" :[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q146055","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.wikihiero":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.timeline.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.timeline.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikihiero%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Egypt_NK_edit.svg/1200px-Egypt_NK_edit.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1405"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Egypt_NK_edit.svg/800px-Egypt_NK_edit.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="937"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Egypt_NK_edit.svg/640px-Egypt_NK_edit.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="749"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt rootpage-Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Eighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Eighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Eighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Eighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_Dynasty_XVIII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Dynasty_XVIII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early Dynasty XVIII</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Dynasty_XVIII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Akhenaten,_the_Amarna_Period,_and_Tutankhamun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akhenaten,_the_Amarna_Period,_and_Tutankhamun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Akhenaten, the Amarna Period, and Tutankhamun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akhenaten,_the_Amarna_Period,_and_Tutankhamun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ay_and_Horemheb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ay_and_Horemheb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Ay and Horemheb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ay_and_Horemheb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_Nubia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_Nubia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Relations with Nubia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_Nubia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_the_Near-East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_the_Near-East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Relations with the Near-East</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_the_Near-East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dating" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dating"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dating</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dating-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pharaohs_of_the_18th_Dynasty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pharaohs_of_the_18th_Dynasty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pharaohs of the 18th Dynasty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pharaohs_of_the_18th_Dynasty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline_of_the_18th_Dynasty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline_of_the_18th_Dynasty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Timeline of the 18th Dynasty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline_of_the_18th_Dynasty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery_of_images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery_of_images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery of images</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery_of_images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/18de_Dinastie_van_Egipte" title="18de Dinastie van Egipte – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="18de Dinastie van Egipte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="الأسرة المصرية الثامنة عشر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الأسرة المصرية الثامنة عشر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B1_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Египеталъул анцӀила микьабилеб Наслу – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Египеталъул анцӀила микьабилеб Наслу" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_s%C9%99kkizinc%C4%B1_s%C3%BClal%C9%99_(Misir)" title="On səkkizincı sülalə (Misir) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="On səkkizincı sülalə (Misir)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="মিশরের অষ্টাদশ রাজবংশ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিশরের অষ্টাদশ রাজবংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai-ki%CC%8Dp_T%C4%93-18_%C3%94ng-ti%C3%A2u" title="Ai-ki̍p Tē-18 Ông-tiâu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ai-ki̍p Tē-18 Ông-tiâu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIII_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="XVIII дынастыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="XVIII дынастыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Осемнадесета династия на Древен Египет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Осемнадесета династия на Древен Египет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIIIvet_tierniezh_Henegipt" title="XVIIIvet tierniezh Henegipt – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="XVIIIvet tierniezh Henegipt" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_XVIII_d%27Egipte" title="Dinastia XVIII d'Egipte – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dinastia XVIII d'Egipte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/18._dynastie" title="18. dynastie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="18. dynastie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neues_Reich#18._Dynastie" title="Neues Reich – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Neues Reich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7_%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A6%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%8E" title="Δέκατη όγδοη δυναστεία Φαραώ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δέκατη όγδοη δυναστεία Φαραώ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_XVIII_de_Egipto" title="Dinastía XVIII de Egipto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía XVIII de Egipto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dekoka_dinastio_de_Egiptio" title="Dekoka dinastio de Egiptio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dekoka dinastio de Egiptio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptoko_XVIII._dinastia" title="Egiptoko XVIII. dinastia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Egiptoko XVIII. dinastia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="دودمان هجدهم مصر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دودمان هجدهم مصر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIIIe_dynastie_%C3%A9gyptienne" title="XVIIIe dynastie égyptienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="XVIIIe dynastie égyptienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_XVIII_de_Exipto" title="Dinastía XVIII de Exipto – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía XVIII de Exipto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%9C18%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0" title="이집트 제18왕조 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이집트 제18왕조" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B0%D5%B4" title="Տասնութերորդ արքայատոհմ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տասնութերորդ արքայատոհմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मिस्र का अठारहवां वंश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिस्र का अठारहवां वंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osamnaesta_dinastija_drevnog_Egipta" title="Osamnaesta dinastija drevnog Egipta – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Osamnaesta dinastija drevnog Egipta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_kedelapan_belas_Mesir" title="Dinasti kedelapan belas Mesir – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti kedelapan belas Mesir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81tj%C3%A1nda_konungs%C3%A6ttin" title="Átjánda konungsættin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Átjánda konungsættin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIII_dinastia_egizia" title="XVIII dinastia egizia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="XVIII dinastia egizia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ეგვიპტის მეთვრამეტე დინასტია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეგვიპტის მეთვრამეტე დინასტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIII._dinasztia" title="XVIII. dinasztia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="XVIII. dinasztia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="الاسره المصريه التمنتاشر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاسره المصريه التمنتاشر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Kelapan_Belas_Mesir" title="Dinasti Kelapan Belas Mesir – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dinasti Kelapan Belas Mesir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/18e_dynastie_van_Egypte" title="18e dynastie van Egypte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="18e dynastie van Egypte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B8%E3%83%97%E3%83%88%E7%AC%AC18%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="エジプト第18王朝 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エジプト第18王朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/18._egyptiske_dynasti" title="18. egyptiske dynasti – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="18. egyptiske dynasti" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIIIau_dinastia_egipciana" title="XVIIIau dinastia egipciana – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="XVIIIau dinastia egipciana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIII_dynastia" title="XVIII dynastia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="XVIII dynastia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIII_dinastia_eg%C3%ADpcia" title="XVIII dinastia egípcia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="XVIII dinastia egípcia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_XVIII-a_Dinastie_Egiptean%C4%83" title="A XVIII-a Dinastie Egipteană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="A XVIII-a Dinastie Egipteană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/XVIII_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="XVIII династия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="XVIII династия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%BA" title="ඊජිප්තුවෙහි දහඅටවන රාජවංශය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඊජිප්තුවෙහි දහඅටවන රාජවංශය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/18._dynastia_Egypta" title="18. dynastia Egypta – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="18. dynastia Egypta" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osemnajsta_egip%C4%8Danska_dinastija" title="Osemnajsta egipčanska dinastija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Osemnajsta egipčanska dinastija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Осамнаеста египатска династија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Осамнаеста египатска династија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osamnaesta_dinastija_Egipta" title="Osamnaesta dinastija Egipta – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Osamnaesta dinastija Egipta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptin_18._dynastia" title="Egyptin 18. dynastia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Egyptin 18. dynastia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptens_artonde_dynasti" title="Egyptens artonde dynasti – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Egyptens artonde dynasti" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikalabingwalong_dinastiya_ng_Ehipto" title="Ikalabingwalong dinastiya ng Ehipto – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ikalabingwalong dinastiya ng Ehipto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="எகிப்தின் பதினெட்டாம் வம்சம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எகிப்தின் பதினெட்டாம் வம்சம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ราชวงศ์ที่สิบแปดแห่งอียิปต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชวงศ์ที่สิบแปดแห่งอียิปต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Sekizinci_Hanedan" title="On Sekizinci Hanedan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="On Sekizinci Hanedan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%94%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Вісімнадцята династія єгипетських фараонів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вісімнадцята династія єгипетських фараонів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%B9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%81" title="مصر کا اٹھارہواں شاہی سلسلہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مصر کا اٹھارہواں شاہی سلسلہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_tri%E1%BB%81u_th%E1%BB%A9_M%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_T%C3%A1m_c%E1%BB%A7a_Ai_C%E1%BA%ADp" title="Vương triều thứ Mười Tám của Ai Cập – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vương triều thứ Mười Tám của Ai Cập" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="埃及第十八王朝 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="埃及第十八王朝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="埃及第十八王朝 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃及第十八王朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146055#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&oldid=1253116917" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&id=1253116917&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:18th_dynasty_of_Egypt" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146055" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dynasty of Egypt from c. 1550 to 1292 BCE</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1550 BC</span>–1292 BC</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Egypt_NK_edit.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Egyptian Eighteenth Dynasty's empire at its greatest territorial extent under Thutmose III"><img alt="The Egyptian Eighteenth Dynasty's empire at its greatest territorial extent under Thutmose III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Egypt_NK_edit.svg/300px-Egypt_NK_edit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="351" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Egypt_NK_edit.svg/450px-Egypt_NK_edit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Egypt_NK_edit.svg/600px-Egypt_NK_edit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1282" data-file-height="1501" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">The Egyptian Eighteenth Dynasty's empire at its greatest territorial extent under <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amarna" title="Amarna">Akhetaten</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1351–1334) BC</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_language#Middle_Egyptian" title="Egyptian language">Middle Egyptian</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1350 BC)</span> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_language#Late_Egyptian" title="Egyptian language">Late Egyptian</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1350 BC)</span> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Canaanite_languages" title="Canaanite languages">Canaanite languages</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Nubian_languages" title="Nubian languages">Nubian languages</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Akkadian_language" title="Akkadian language">Akkadian</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(diplomatic and trade language)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Ancient Egyptian religion</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1351–1334) BC</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">Absolute monarchy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom of Egypt</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Fifteenth Dynasty</a> (expulsion of the <a href="/wiki/Hyksos" title="Hyksos">Hyksos</a>) </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1550 BC</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Megiddo_(15th_century_BC)" title="Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC)">Battle of Megiddo</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1457 BC</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1350–1330 BC</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Death of <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1292 BC</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt">Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</b> (notated <b>Dynasty XVIII</b>, alternatively <b>18th Dynasty</b> or <b>Dynasty 18</b>) is classified as the first dynasty of the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom of Egypt</a>, the era in which <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a> achieved the peak of its power. The Eighteenth Dynasty spanned the period from 1550/1549 to 1292 BC. This dynasty is also known as the <b>Thutmoside Dynasty</b><sup id="cite_ref-tw_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tw-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 156">: 156 </span></sup>) for the four pharaohs named <a href="/wiki/Thutmose" title="Thutmose">Thutmose</a>. </p><p>Several of Egypt's most famous <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaohs</a> were from the Eighteenth Dynasty, including <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_the_tomb_of_Tutankhamun" title="Discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun">tomb was discovered</a> by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Carter" title="Howard Carter">Howard Carter</a> in 1922. Other famous pharaohs of the dynasty include <a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a> (c. 1479 BC–1458 BC), the longest-reigning woman pharaoh of an indigenous dynasty, and <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a> (c. 1353–1336 BC), the "heretic pharaoh", with his <a href="/wiki/Great_Royal_Wife" title="Great Royal Wife">Great Royal Wife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a>. The Eighteenth Dynasty is unique among Egyptian dynasties in that it had two <a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">queens regnant</a>, women who ruled as sole pharaoh: Hatshepsut and <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a>, usually identified as Nefertiti.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Dynasty_XVIII">Early Dynasty XVIII</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early Dynasty XVIII"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg/220px-Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg/330px-Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg/440px-Nofretete_Neues_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1282" data-file-height="1877" /></a><figcaption>Nefertiti. <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a> was the queen consort and great royal wife of Pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thutmosis_III-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III-2.jpg/220px-Thutmosis_III-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III-2.jpg/330px-Thutmosis_III-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III-2.jpg/440px-Thutmosis_III-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1472" data-file-height="2207" /></a><figcaption>Thutmosis III. <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a> was the sixth pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty. Under his reign, Egypt's Kingdom reached its greatest expansion, from Kush in the south to the Hittite Empire in the north.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King,_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.,37.38E.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King%2C_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.%2C37.38E.jpg/220px-Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King%2C_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.%2C37.38E.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King%2C_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.%2C37.38E.jpg/330px-Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King%2C_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.%2C37.38E.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King%2C_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.%2C37.38E.jpg/440px-Head_of_an_Early_Eighteenth_Dynasty_King%2C_ca._1539-1493_B.C.E.%2C37.38E.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1144" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Head of an Early Eighteenth Dynasty King, depicting either Ahmose I, Amenhotep I or Thutmose I, c. 1539–1493 BC, 37.38E, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Dynasty XVIII was founded by <a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a>, the brother or son of <a href="/wiki/Kamose" title="Kamose">Kamose</a>, the last ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt">17th Dynasty</a>. Ahmose finished the campaign to expel the <a href="/wiki/Hyksos" title="Hyksos">Hyksos</a> rulers. His reign is seen as the end of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Second Intermediate Period</a> and the start of the New Kingdom. Ahmose's consort, Queen <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a> was "arguably the most venerated woman in Egyptian history, and the grandmother of the 18th Dynasty."<sup id="cite_ref-gestoso_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gestoso-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was deified after she died. Ahmose was succeeded by his son, <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a>, whose reign was relatively uneventful.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amenhotep I probably left no male heir and the next pharaoh, <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a>, seems to have been related to the royal family through marriage. During his reign, the borders of Egypt's empire reached their greatest expanse, extending in the north to <a href="/wiki/Carchemish" title="Carchemish">Carchemish</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Euphrates" title="Euphrates">Euphrates</a> and in the south up to <a href="/wiki/Kanisah_Kurgus" title="Kanisah Kurgus">Kanisah Kurgus</a> beyond the fourth <a href="/wiki/Cataracts_of_the_Nile" title="Cataracts of the Nile">cataract</a> of the Nile. Thutmose I was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a> and his queen, <a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a>, who was the daughter of Thutmose I. After her husband's death and a period of regency for her minor stepson (who would later become pharaoh as Thutmose III) Hatshepsut became pharaoh in her own right and ruled for over twenty years. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a>, who became known as the greatest military pharaoh ever, also had a lengthy reign after becoming pharaoh. He had a second co-regency in his old age with his son <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a>. Amenhotep II was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a>, who in his turn was followed by his son <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a>, whose reign is seen as a high point in this dynasty. </p><p>Amenhotep III's reign was a period of unprecedented prosperity, artistic splendor, and international power, as attested by over 250 statues (more than any other pharaoh) and 200 large stone scarabs discovered from Syria to Nubia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'ConnorCline199811–12_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'ConnorCline199811–12-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep III undertook large scale building programmes, the extent of which can only be compared with those of the much longer reign of <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a> during Dynasty XIX.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenhotep III's consort was the Great Royal Wife <a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a>, for whom he built an artificial lake, as described on eleven scarabs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKozloffBryan1992no._2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKozloffBryan1992no._2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Akhenaten,_the_Amarna_Period,_and_Tutankhamun"><span id="Akhenaten.2C_the_Amarna_Period.2C_and_Tutankhamun"></span>Akhenaten, the Amarna Period, and Tutankhamun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Akhenaten, the Amarna Period, and Tutankhamun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aten.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Aten.svg/325px-Aten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="325" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Aten.svg/488px-Aten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Aten.svg/650px-Aten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a>, <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M17.png?2e70b" height="38" title="M17 [i]" alt="i" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1 [t]" alt="t" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N35.png?fcc27" height="5" title="N35 [n]" alt="n" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5 [ra]" alt="ra" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_salle_dAkhenaton_(1356-1340_av_J.C.)_(Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire)_(2076972086).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_salle_dAkhenaton_%281356-1340_av_J.C.%29_%28Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire%29_%282076972086%29.jpg/220px-La_salle_dAkhenaton_%281356-1340_av_J.C.%29_%28Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire%29_%282076972086%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_salle_dAkhenaton_%281356-1340_av_J.C.%29_%28Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire%29_%282076972086%29.jpg/330px-La_salle_dAkhenaton_%281356-1340_av_J.C.%29_%28Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire%29_%282076972086%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_salle_dAkhenaton_%281356-1340_av_J.C.%29_%28Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire%29_%282076972086%29.jpg/440px-La_salle_dAkhenaton_%281356-1340_av_J.C.%29_%28Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire%29_%282076972086%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="1448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a> and his family adoring the <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a>. Second from the left is <a href="/wiki/Meritaten" title="Meritaten">Meritaten</a>, daughter of Akhenaten.</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenhotep III may have shared the throne for up to twelve years with his son Amenhotep IV. There is much debate about this proposed co-regency, with different experts considering that there was a lengthy co-regency, a short one, or none at all. </p><p>In the fifth year of his reign, Amenhotep IV changed his name to <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a> (<span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%EA%9C%A3%E1%B8%AB-n-jtn" class="extiw" title="wikt:ꜣḫ-n-jtn">ꜣḫ-n-jtn</a></i></span>, "Effective for the <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a>") and moved his capital to <a href="/wiki/Amarna" title="Amarna">Amarna</a>, which he named Akhetaten. During the reign of Akhenaten, the <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jtn" class="extiw" title="wikt:jtn">jtn</a>, the sun disk) became, first, the most prominent deity, and eventually came to be considered the only god.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whether this amounted to true monotheism continues to be the subject of debate within the academic community. Some state that Akhenaten created a monotheism, while others point out that he merely suppressed a dominant solar cult by the assertion of another, while he never completely abandoned several other traditional deities. </p><p>Later Egyptians considered this "<a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a>" an unfortunate aberration. After his death, Akhenaten was succeeded by two short-lived pharaohs, <a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a>, of which little is known. In 1334 Akhenaten's son, Tutankhaten, ascended to the throne: shortly after, he restored Egyptian polytheist cult and subsequently changed his name in <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a>, in honor to the Egyptian god <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DH-143_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-143-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His infant daughters, <a href="/wiki/317a_and_317b_mummies" title="317a and 317b mummies">317a and 317b mummies</a>, represent the final genetically related generation of the Eighteenth Dynasty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ay_and_Horemheb">Ay and Horemheb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ay and Horemheb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Block_Statue_of_Ay,_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Block_Statue_of_Ay%2C_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg/220px-Block_Statue_of_Ay%2C_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Block_Statue_of_Ay%2C_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg/330px-Block_Statue_of_Ay%2C_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Block_Statue_of_Ay%2C_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg/440px-Block_Statue_of_Ay%2C_ca._1336-1327_B.C.E._66.174.1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1197" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Block Statue of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Prophet_of_Amun" title="Second Prophet of Amun">Second Prophet of Amun</a> Ay, c. 1336–1327 BC, 66.174.1, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The last two members of the Eighteenth Dynasty—<a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a>—became rulers from the ranks of officials in the royal court, although Ay might also have been the maternal uncle of Akhenaten as a fellow descendant of <a href="/wiki/Yuya" title="Yuya">Yuya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tjuyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tjuyu">Tjuyu</a>. </p><p>Ay may have married the widowed Great Royal Wife and young half-sister of Tutankhamun, <a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a>, in order to obtain power; she did not live long afterward. Ay then married <a href="/wiki/Tey" title="Tey">Tey</a>, who was originally Nefertiti's wet-nurse. </p><p>Ay's reign was short. His successor was Horemheb, a general during Tutankhamun's reign whom the pharaoh may have intended as his successor in case he had no surviving children, which is what came to pass.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horemheb may have taken the throne away from Ay in a <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a>. Although Ay's son or stepson <a href="/wiki/Nakhtmin" title="Nakhtmin">Nakhtmin</a> was named as his father/stepfather's Crown Prince, Nakhtmin seems to have died during the reign of Ay, leaving the opportunity for Horemheb to claim the throne next. </p><p>Horemheb also died without surviving children, having appointed his vizier, Pa-ra-mes-su, as his heir. This vizier ascended the throne in 1292 BC as <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_I" title="Ramesses I">Ramesses I</a>, and was the first pharaoh of the <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Nineteenth Dynasty</a>. </p><p>This example to the right depicts a man named Ay who achieved the exalted religious positions of <a href="/wiki/Second_Prophet_of_Amun" title="Second Prophet of Amun">Second Prophet of Amun</a> and High Priest of <a href="/wiki/Mut" title="Mut">Mut</a> at <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a>. His career flourished during the reign of Tutankhamun, when the statue was made. The cartouches of King Ay, Tutankhamun's successor appearing on the statue, were an attempt by an artisan to "update" the sculpture.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_Nubia">Relations with Nubia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Relations with Nubia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Eighteenth Dynasty empire conquered all of Lower <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</a> under <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OConnor_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OConnor-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the reign of <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a>, the Egyptians directly controlled Nubia to the Nile river, 4th cataract, with Egyptian influence / tributaries extending beyond this point.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-locearlyhist_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-locearlyhist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Egyptians referred to the area as <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush" title="Kingdom of Kush">Kush</a> and it was administered by the <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_Kush" title="Viceroy of Kush">Viceroy of Kush</a>. The 18th dynasty obtained Nubian gold, animal skins, ivory, ebony, cattle, and horses, which were of exceptional quality.<sup id="cite_ref-OConnor_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OConnor-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Egyptians built temples throughout Nubia. One of the largest and most important temples was dedicated to Amun at <a href="/wiki/Jebel_Barkal" title="Jebel Barkal">Jebel Barkal</a> in the city of Napata. This <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Amun,_Jebel_Barkal" title="Temple of Amun, Jebel Barkal">Temple of Amun</a> was enlarged by later Egyptian and Nubian Pharaohs, such as <a href="/wiki/Taharqa" title="Taharqa">Taharqa</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun,_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nubian Tribute Presented to the King, Tomb of Huy MET DT221112"><img alt="Nubian Tribute Presented to the King, Tomb of Huy MET DT221112" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun%2C_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg/200px-Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun%2C_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun%2C_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg/300px-Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun%2C_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun%2C_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg/400px-Nubian_Tribute_Presented_to_King_Tutankhamun%2C_Tomb_of_Huy_MET_DT221112.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3811" data-file-height="2857" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nubian Tribute Presented to the King, <a href="/wiki/TT40" title="TT40">Tomb of Huy</a> MET DT221112</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut,_18th_dynasty,_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nubian Prince Heqanefer bringing tribute for King Tutankhamun, 18th dynasty, Tomb of Huy"><img alt="Nubian Prince Heqanefer bringing tribute for King Tutankhamun, 18th dynasty, Tomb of Huy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_18th_dynasty%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg/200px-Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_18th_dynasty%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_18th_dynasty%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg/300px-Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_18th_dynasty%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_18th_dynasty%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg/400px-Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_18th_dynasty%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nubian Prince <a href="/wiki/Heqanefer" title="Heqanefer">Heqanefer</a> bringing tribute for King <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a>, 18th dynasty, Tomb of Huy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut,_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nubians bringing tribute for King Tutankhamun, Tomb of Huy"><img alt="Nubians bringing tribute for King Tutankhamun, Tomb of Huy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg/200px-Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg/300px-Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg/400px-Nubians_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut%2C_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nubians bringing tribute for King <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a>, Tomb of Huy</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_the_Near-East">Relations with the Near-East</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Relations with the Near-East"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the end of the <a href="/wiki/Hyksos" title="Hyksos">Hyksos</a> period of foreign rule, the Eighteenth Dynasty engaged in a vigorous phase of expansionism, conquering vast areas of the <a href="/wiki/Near-East" class="mw-redirect" title="Near-East">Near-East</a>, with especially Pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a> submitting the "Shasu" Bedouins of northern <a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a>, and the land of <a href="/wiki/Retjenu" title="Retjenu">Retjenu</a>, as far as <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mittani" class="mw-redirect" title="Mittani">Mittani</a> in numerous military campaigns circa 1450 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Egyptian relief depicting a battle against West Asiatics. Reign of Amenhotep II, Eighteenth Dynasty, c. 1427–1400 BC."><img alt="Egyptian relief depicting a battle against West Asiatics. Reign of Amenhotep II, Eighteenth Dynasty, c. 1427–1400 BC." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg/200px-Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg/300px-Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg/400px-Block_from_a_Relief_Depicting_a_Battle_MET_213_S3BR2_01GG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2394" data-file-height="1407" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Egyptian relief depicting a battle against West Asiatics. Reign of <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a>, Eighteenth Dynasty, c. 1427–1400 BC.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="West Asiatic tribute bearers in the tomb of Sobekhotep, c. 1400 BC, Thebes. British Museum.[17]"><img alt="West Asiatic tribute bearers in the tomb of Sobekhotep, c. 1400 BC, Thebes. British Museum.[17]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg/200px-West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg/300px-West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg/400px-West_Asiatic_tribute_bearers_tomb_of_Sobekhotep_18th_Dynasty_Thebes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1294" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">West Asiatic tribute bearers in the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_(New_Kingdom_treasurer)" title="Sobekhotep (New Kingdom treasurer)">Sobekhotep</a>, c. 1400 BC, Thebes. <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dating">Dating</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Dating"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">Radiocarbon dating</a> suggests that Dynasty XVIII may have started a few years earlier than the conventional date of 1550 BC. The radiocarbon date range for its beginning is 1570–1544 BC, the mean point of which is 1557 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pharaohs_of_the_18th_Dynasty">Pharaohs of the 18th Dynasty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pharaohs of the 18th Dynasty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_pharaohs#Eighteenth_dynasty" title="List of pharaohs">List of pharaohs § Eighteenth dynasty</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_dynasty_of_Egypt_Family_Tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt Family Tree">Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt Family Tree</a></div> <p>The pharaohs of Dynasty XVIII ruled for approximately 250 years (c. 1550–1298 BC). The dates and names in the table are taken from Dodson and Hilton.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the pharaohs were buried in the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Kings" title="Valley of the Kings">Valley of the Kings</a> in Thebes (designated KV). More information can be found on the Theban Mapping Project website.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several diplomatic marriages are known for the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a>. These daughters of foreign kings are often only mentioned in cuneiform texts and are not known from other sources. The marriages were likely to have been a way to confirm good relations between these states.<sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1253789634">@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:10}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable),.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable){background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>*,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>thead>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header:not(.wikitable)>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi:not(.wikitable)>thead,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{background-color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-width:0 1px 1px 0}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable td,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable th,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable td,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable th{border-width:1px 0 0 1px}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header.wikitable,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{border-bottom-width:0.2em;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before{border-left-width:1px}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>thead>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>caption+tbody>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>thead>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>caption+tbody>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom::before{border-top-width:1px}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom~.sortbottom::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable .sortbottom~.sortbottom::before{border-top-width:0}.mw-parser-output .sticky-header.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody>tr:not(.static-row-header)::before,.mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.static-row-numbers.wikitable>tbody>tr:not(.static-row-header)::before{border-bottom-width:0!important;border-right-width:0!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .content-table-scrollbar,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .overflowed,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .overflowed .content-table{overflow:visible}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .scroll-right.overflowed .content-table-right{box-shadow:none;border-left:none}}@media screen and (min-width:1120px){body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,body.vector-sticky-header-visible .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{top:3.125rem}}@media screen and (min-width:851px){body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>thead>tr:first-child,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption+tbody>tr:first-child,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>tbody:first-child>tr:first-child,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>thead{top:3.51em}}@media screen and (max-width:639px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi,body.skin-vector-legacy .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-vector-legacy .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi,body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .sticky-header,body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header>caption,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi>caption{display:table-caption}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}</style> <table class="wikitable sticky-header"> <caption>Dynasty XVIII Kings of Egypt </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Pharaoh </th> <th scope="col">Image </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)">Prenomen</a> (Throne name) </th> <th scope="col" style="width:120px"><a href="/wiki/Horus_name" title="Horus name">Horus-name</a> </th> <th scope="col" align="center">Reign </th> <th scope="col">Burial </th> <th scope="col">Consort(s) </th> <th scope="col">Comments </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a> / Ahmosis I </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""head of Ahmose I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg/100px-Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg/150px-Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg/200px-Head_of_Ahmose_I_MET_DP140854.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span> </td> <td>Nebpehtire </td> <td>Aakheperu </td> <td>1549–1524 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dra%27_Abu_el-Naga%27" title="Dra' Abu el-Naga'">Dra' Abu el-Naga'</a>? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Henuttamehu" title="Ahmose-Henuttamehu">Ahmose-Henuttamehu</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Sitkamose" title="Ahmose-Sitkamose">Ahmose-Sitkamose</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""Amenhotep seated"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF/lossy-page1-100px-Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF/lossy-page1-150px-Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF/lossy-page1-200px-Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1766.TIF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="6048" /></a></span> </td> <td>Djeserkare </td> <td>Kauwaftau </td> <td>1524–1503 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tomb_ANB" title="Tomb ANB">Tomb ANB</a>? or <a href="/wiki/KV39" title="KV39">KV39</a>? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Meritamon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmose-Meritamon">Ahmose-Meritamon</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""head of Thutmose I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/100px-ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/150px-ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/200px-ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2538" data-file-height="3300" /></a></span> </td> <td>Aakheperkare </td> <td>Kanakhtmerymaat </td> <td>1503–1493 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV20" title="KV20">KV20</a>, <a href="/wiki/KV38" title="KV38">KV38</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_(queen)" title="Ahmose (queen)">Ahmose</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Mutnofret" title="Mutnofret">Mutnofret</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg/100px-Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg/150px-Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg/200px-Stone_block_with_relief_at_Karnak_Temple_Thutmosis_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2235" data-file-height="1758" /></a></span> </td> <td>Aakheperenre </td> <td>Kanakhtuserpehty </td> <td>1493–1479 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV42" title="KV42">KV42</a>? </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Iset_(queen)" title="Iset (queen)">Iset</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hatshepsut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Hatshepsut.jpg/100px-Hatshepsut.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Hatshepsut.jpg/150px-Hatshepsut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Hatshepsut.jpg/200px-Hatshepsut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="313" /></a></span> </td> <td>Maatkare </td> <td>Useretkau </td> <td>1479–1458 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV20" title="KV20">KV20</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thutmosis_III-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III-2.jpg/100px-Thutmosis_III-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III-2.jpg/150px-Thutmosis_III-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III-2.jpg/200px-Thutmosis_III-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1472" data-file-height="2207" /></a></span> </td> <td>Menkheper(en)re </td> <td>Kanakhtkhaemwaset </td> <td>1479–1425 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV34" title="KV34">KV34</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Satiah" title="Satiah">Satiah</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Merytre-Hatshepsut" title="Merytre-Hatshepsut">Merytre-Hatshepsut</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Nebtu" title="Nebtu">Nebtu</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Menhet,_Menwi_and_Merti" title="Menhet, Menwi and Merti">Menhet, Menwi and Merti</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""head of Amenotep II"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg/100px-Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg/150px-Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg/200px-Amenophis_II-E_10896-IMG_0085-gradient.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span> </td> <td>Aakheperure </td> <td>Kanakhtwerpehty </td> <td>1427–1397 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV35" title="KV35">KV35</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiaa" title="Tiaa">Tiaa</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_(7465530452).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""head of Thutmose IV"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_%287465530452%29.jpg/100px-Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_%287465530452%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_%287465530452%29.jpg/150px-Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_%287465530452%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_%287465530452%29.jpg/200px-Thumtmoses_IV-E_13889-Louvre_Museum_%287465530452%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a></span> </td> <td>Menkheperure </td> <td>Kanakhttutkhau </td> <td>1397–1388 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV43" title="KV43">KV43</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nefertari_(18th_dynasty)" title="Nefertari (18th dynasty)">Nefertari</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Iaret" title="Iaret">Iaret</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Mutemwiya" title="Mutemwiya">Mutemwiya</a> <br /> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/Artatama_I" title="Artatama I">Artatama I</a> of Mitanni </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg/100px-Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg/150px-Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg/200px-Colossal_Amenhotep_III_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1119" data-file-height="1572" /></a></span> </td> <td>Nebmaatre </td> <td>Kanakhtkhaemmaat </td> <td>1388–1351 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV22" class="mw-redirect" title="KV22">KV22</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Gilukhipa" title="Gilukhipa">Gilukhipa</a> of Mitanni <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tadukhipa" title="Tadukhipa">Tadukhipa</a> of Mitanni <br /> <a href="/wiki/Sitamun" title="Sitamun">Sitamun</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Iset_(daughter_of_Amenhotep_III)" title="Iset (daughter of Amenhotep III)">Iset</a> <br /> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/Kurigalzu_I" title="Kurigalzu I">Kurigalzu I</a> of Babylon<sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/Kadashman-Enlil" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadashman-Enlil">Kadashman-Enlil</a> of Babylon<sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/Tarhundaradu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarhundaradu">Tarhundaradu</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arzawa" title="Arzawa">Arzawa</a><sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> Daughter of the ruler of Ammia<sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""head of Amenotep IV"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG/100px-GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG/150px-GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG/200px-GD-EG-Caire-Mus%C3%A9e061.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span> </td> <td>Neferkepherure-Waenre </td> <td>Kanakhtqaishuti (originally)<br />Meryaten (later) </td> <td>1351–1334 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Royal_Tomb_of_Akhenaten" title="Royal Tomb of Akhenaten">Royal Tomb of Akhenaten</a>, <a href="/wiki/KV55" title="KV55">KV55</a> (?) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kiya" title="Kiya">Kiya</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tadukhipa" title="Tadukhipa">Tadukhipa</a> of Mitanni <br /> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0atiya" title="Šatiya">Šatiya</a>, ruler of <a href="/wiki/Eni%C5%A1asi" title="Enišasi">Enišasi</a><sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Meritaten" title="Meritaten">Meritaten</a>? <br /> <a href="/wiki/Meketaten" title="Meketaten">Meketaten</a>? <br /> <a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a><br /> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/Burna-Buriash_II" title="Burna-Buriash II">Burna-Buriash II</a>, King of Babylon<sup id="cite_ref-WG_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""painting of Smenkhkare"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg/100px-Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg/150px-Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg/200px-Spaziergang_im_Garten_Amarna_Berlin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1868" data-file-height="2238" /></a></span> </td> <td>Ankhkheperure </td> <td>(unknown) </td> <td>1335–1334 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV55" title="KV55">KV55</a> (?) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meritaten" title="Meritaten">Meritaten</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png/100px-NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png/150px-NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png/200px-NefertitiRelief_SmitingSceneOnBoat-CloseUp.png 2x" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="753" /></a></span> </td> <td>Ankhkheperure-<i>Akhet-en-hyes</i> </td> <td>(unknown) </td> <td>1334–1332 BC </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>? <br /> <a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a>? </td> <td>Usually identified as Queen <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""mask of Tutankhamun"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg/100px-CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg/150px-CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg/200px-CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td>Nebkheperure </td> <td>Kanakhttutmesut </td> <td>1332–1323 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV62" class="mw-redirect" title="KV62">KV62</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg/100px-Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg/150px-Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg/200px-Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="563" /></a></span> </td> <td>Kheperkheperure </td> <td>Kanakhttjehenkhau </td> <td>1323–1319 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV23" class="mw-redirect" title="KV23">KV23</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a>? <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tey" title="Tey">Tey</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""head of Horemheb"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg/100px-StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg/150px-StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg/200px-StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2625" data-file-height="3517" /></a></span> </td> <td>Djeserkheperure-Setepenre </td> <td>Kanakhtsepedsekheru </td> <td>1319–1292 BC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/KV57" title="KV57">KV57</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mutnedjmet" title="Mutnedjmet">Mutnedjmet</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Amenia_(wife_of_Horemheb)" title="Amenia (wife of Horemheb)">Amenia</a> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline_of_the_18th_Dynasty">Timeline of the 18th Dynasty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Timeline of the 18th Dynasty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Periodization_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Periodization of ancient Egypt">Periods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dynasties_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Dynasties of ancient Egypt">dynasties</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="border:none;padding-top:0;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">All years are <a href="/wiki/Before_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Before Christ">BC</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Early_Dynastic_Period_(Egypt)" title="Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)">Early</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Egypt" title="Prehistoric Egypt">Pre-dynastic period</a></td><td style="width:1.3em;text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="First Dynasty of Egypt">First Dynasty</a></td><td style="width:1.3em;text-align:center;"> I</td><td style="text-align:right;"> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 3150–2890</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Second Dynasty of Egypt">Second Dynasty</a></td><td style="width:1.3em;text-align:center;"> II</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2890–2686</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Old Kingdom of Egypt">Old Kingdom</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Third Dynasty of Egypt">Third Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> III</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2686–2613</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt">Fourth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> IV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2613–2498</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifth Dynasty of Egypt">Fifth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> V</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2498–2345</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixth Dynasty of Egypt">Sixth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> VI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2345–2181</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">First Intermediate</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventh Dynasty of Egypt">Seventh Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> VII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> spurious</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighth Dynasty of Egypt">Eighth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> VIII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2181–2160</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Ninth Dynasty of Egypt">Ninth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> IX</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2160–2130</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Tenth Dynasty of Egypt">Tenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> X</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2130–2040</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> Early <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">Eleventh Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2134–2061</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> Late <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">Eleventh Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 2061–1991</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt">Twelfth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1991–1803</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Thirteenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XIII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1803–1649</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Second Intermediate</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Fourteenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XIV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1705–1690</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Fifteenth Dynasty</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hyksos" title="Hyksos">Hyksos</a>)</td><td style="text-align:center;"> XV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1674–1535</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Sixteenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XVI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1660–1600</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Abydos_Dynasty" title="Abydos Dynasty">Abydos Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1650–1600</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt">Seventeenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XVII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1580–1549</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eighteenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XVIII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1549–1292</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Nineteenth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XIX</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1292–1189</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt">Twentieth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XX</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1189–1077</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">Third Intermediate</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-first Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1069–945</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-second Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 945–720</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-third Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXIII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 837–728</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-fourth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXIV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 732–720</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-fifth Dynasty</a> (<a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt">Nubian</a>)</td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 732–653</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late Period</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-sixth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXVI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 672–525</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-seventh Dynasty<br />(1st Persian Period)</a></div></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXVII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 525–404</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-eighth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXVIII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 404–398</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Twenty-ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt">Twenty-ninth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXIX</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 398–380</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">Thirtieth Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXX</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 380–343</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Thirty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt">Thirty-first Dynasty<br />(2nd Persian Period)</a></div></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXXI</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 343–332</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic Egypt</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty" title="Argead dynasty">Thirty-second Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXXII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 332–305</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Thirty-third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirty-third Dynasty of Egypt">Thirty-third Dynasty</a></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXXIII</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 305–30</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman Egypt</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_pharaoh" title="Roman pharaoh">Thirty-fourth Dynasty<br />(Roman Pharaohs)</a></div></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXXIV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 30 BC – 313 AD</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Egypt">Byzantine Egypt</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="nowrap" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:58%;text-align:left;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_pharaoh#History" title="Roman pharaoh">Thirty-fifth Dynasty</a><br />(<i>speculated</i>)</div></td><td style="text-align:center;"> XXXV</td><td style="text-align:right;"> 379 AD – 641 AD</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border:none;padding-top:0;font-weight:normal;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">See also: <i><a href="/wiki/Template:Pharaohs" title="Template:Pharaohs">List of pharaohs by period and dynasty</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Periodization_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Periodization of ancient Egypt">Periodization of ancient Egypt</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Egypt_dynasties_sidebar" title="Template:Ancient Egypt dynasties sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Egypt_dynasties_sidebar" title="Template talk:Ancient Egypt dynasties sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Egypt_dynasties_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Egypt dynasties sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_cptrli7jwoatj1zj0pgnqx6a8y7utz9"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Horemheb" coords="643,166,724,187" title="Horemheb" alt="Horemheb" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" coords="577,155,624,175" title="Ay (pharaoh)" alt="Ay (pharaoh)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" coords="567,143,664,164" title="Tutankhamun" alt="Tutankhamun" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" coords="543,131,662,152" title="Neferneferuaten" alt="Neferneferuaten" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" coords="538,120,629,140" title="Smenkhkare" alt="Smenkhkare" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Akhenaten" coords="538,108,624,129" title="Akhenaten" alt="Akhenaten" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" coords="493,96,602,117" title="Amenhotep III" alt="Amenhotep III" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" coords="400,85,497,105" title="Thutmose IV" alt="Thutmose IV" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" coords="376,73,478,94" title="Amenhotep II" alt="Amenhotep II" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" coords="317,61,419,82" title="Thutmose III" alt="Thutmose III" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" coords="238,50,330,70" title="Hatshepsut" alt="Hatshepsut" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" coords="184,38,281,59" title="Thutmose II" alt="Thutmose II" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" coords="152,26,244,47" title="Thutmose I" alt="Thutmose I" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" coords="123,15,220,35" title="Amenhotep I" alt="Amenhotep I" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" coords="71,3,151,24" title="Ahmose I" alt="Ahmose I" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_cptrli7jwoatj1zj0pgnqx6a8y7utz9" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/cptrli7jwoatj1zj0pgnqx6a8y7utz9.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery_of_images">Gallery of images</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gallery of images"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trial_piece_showing_a_head_of_an_unknown_king_in_profile._Uraeus_on_forehead._Limestone_relief._18th_Dynasty._From_Thebes,_Egypt._The_Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology,_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Trial piece showing a head of an unknown king in profile. Uraeus on forehead. Limestone relief. 18th Dynasty. From Thebes, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London"><img alt="Trial piece showing a head of an unknown king in profile. Uraeus on forehead. Limestone relief. 18th Dynasty. From Thebes, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Trial_piece_showing_a_head_of_an_unknown_king_in_profile._Uraeus_on_forehead._Limestone_relief._18th_Dynasty._From_Thebes%2C_Egypt._The_Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology%2C_London.jpg/120px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Trial_piece_showing_a_head_of_an_unknown_king_in_profile._Uraeus_on_forehead._Limestone_relief._18th_Dynasty._From_Thebes%2C_Egypt._The_Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology%2C_London.jpg/180px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Trial_piece_showing_a_head_of_an_unknown_king_in_profile._Uraeus_on_forehead._Limestone_relief._18th_Dynasty._From_Thebes%2C_Egypt._The_Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology%2C_London.jpg/240px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4991" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Trial piece showing a head of an unknown king in profile. Uraeus on forehead. Limestone relief. 18th Dynasty. From Thebes, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ahmose I. Though he was called the founder of the 18th dynasty, he was the brother of Kamose, the last pharaoh of the 17th dynasty. During his reign, he expelled the Hyksos from Lower Egypt and brought the Nile Delta under his control, politically unifying Egypt once again."><img alt="Ahmose I. Though he was called the founder of the 18th dynasty, he was the brother of Kamose, the last pharaoh of the 17th dynasty. During his reign, he expelled the Hyksos from Lower Egypt and brought the Nile Delta under his control, politically unifying Egypt once again." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png/50px-AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png/76px-AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png/101px-AhmoseI-StatueHead_MetropolitanMuseum.png 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="1812" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a>. Though he was called the founder of the 18th dynasty, he was the brother of <a href="/wiki/Kamose" title="Kamose">Kamose</a>, the last pharaoh of the 17th dynasty. During his reign, he expelled the Hyksos from Lower Egypt and brought the Nile Delta under his control, politically unifying Egypt once again.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF" class="mw-file-description" title="Amenhotep I gained the throne after his two elder brothers had died. He was the son of Ahmose and Ahmose-Nefertari. He was succeeded by Thutmose I who married his daughter, Ahmose."><img alt="Amenhotep I gained the throne after his two elder brothers had died. He was the son of Ahmose and Ahmose-Nefertari. He was succeeded by Thutmose I who married his daughter, Ahmose." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF/lossy-page1-80px-Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF/lossy-page1-120px-Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF/lossy-page1-160px-Statua_cultuale_di_Amenhotep_I_ATG_1778.TIF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="6048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a> gained the throne after his two elder brothers had died. He was the son of Ahmose and Ahmose-Nefertari. He was succeeded by Thutmose I who married his daughter, Ahmose.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amenhotep_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Amenhotep I with his mother, Ahmose-Nefertari. Both royals are credited with opening a workmen's village at Deir el-Medina. Deir el-Medina housed the artisans and workers of the pharaohs tombs in the Valley of the Kings, from the 18th to 21st dynasties. Amenhotep I and his mother were deified and were the village's principal gods."><img alt="Amenhotep I with his mother, Ahmose-Nefertari. Both royals are credited with opening a workmen's village at Deir el-Medina. Deir el-Medina housed the artisans and workers of the pharaohs tombs in the Valley of the Kings, from the 18th to 21st dynasties. Amenhotep I and his mother were deified and were the village's principal gods." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Amenhotep_I.jpg/120px-Amenhotep_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Amenhotep_I.jpg/180px-Amenhotep_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Amenhotep_I.jpg/240px-Amenhotep_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3041" data-file-height="2005" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Amenhotep I with his mother, Ahmose-Nefertari. Both royals are credited with opening a workmen's village at <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medina</a>. Deir el-Medina housed the artisans and workers of the pharaohs tombs in the Valley of the Kings, from the 18th to 21st dynasties. Amenhotep I and his mother were deified and were the village's principal gods.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thutmose I. A military man, he came to power by marrying the sister of Amenhotep I, or may have been his son to a secondary wife. During his reign, he pushed the borders of Egypt into Nubia and the Levant. He is credited with the starting the building projects in what is now the temple of Karnak."><img alt="Thutmose I. A military man, he came to power by marrying the sister of Amenhotep I, or may have been his son to a secondary wife. During his reign, he pushed the borders of Egypt into Nubia and the Levant. He is credited with the starting the building projects in what is now the temple of Karnak." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/92px-ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/138px-ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/184px-ColossalSandstoneHeadOfThutmoseI-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2538" data-file-height="3300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a>. A military man, he came to power by marrying the sister of Amenhotep I, or may have been his son to a secondary wife. During his reign, he pushed the borders of Egypt into <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="The Levant">the Levant</a>. He is credited with the starting the building projects in what is now the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Karnak" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple of Karnak">temple of Karnak</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thotmes_II._(1884)_-_TIMEA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sketch from temple relief of Thutmose II. Considered a weak ruler, he was married to his sister Hatshepsut. He named Thutmose III, his son as successor, but Thutmose III was too young to rule at his father's death and thus his stepmother Hatshepsut was his regent. Hatshepsut and Thutmose II had a daughter, Neferure."><img alt="Sketch from temple relief of Thutmose II. Considered a weak ruler, he was married to his sister Hatshepsut. He named Thutmose III, his son as successor, but Thutmose III was too young to rule at his father's death and thus his stepmother Hatshepsut was his regent. Hatshepsut and Thutmose II had a daughter, Neferure." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Thotmes_II._%281884%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/115px-Thotmes_II._%281884%29_-_TIMEA.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Thotmes_II._%281884%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/172px-Thotmes_II._%281884%29_-_TIMEA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Thotmes_II._%281884%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/230px-Thotmes_II._%281884%29_-_TIMEA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="981" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sketch from temple relief of <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a>. Considered a weak ruler, he was married to his sister <a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a>. He named <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a>, his son as successor, but Thutmose III was too young to rule at his father's death and thus his stepmother Hatshepsut was his regent. Hatshepsut and Thutmose II had a daughter, <a href="/wiki/Neferure" title="Neferure">Neferure</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Hatshepsut. Daughter of Thutmose I, she ruled jointly as her stepson Thutmose III's co-regent. She soon took the throne for herself, and declared herself pharaoh. While there were other female rulers and regents before her, she is the only one who used the symbolic beard."><img alt="Hatshepsut. Daughter of Thutmose I, she ruled jointly as her stepson Thutmose III's co-regent. She soon took the throne for herself, and declared herself pharaoh. While there were other female rulers and regents before her, she is the only one who used the symbolic beard." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG/90px-Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG/135px-Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG/180px-Hatshepsut_temple33.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hatshepsut. Daughter of Thutmose I, she ruled jointly as her stepson Thutmose III's co-regent. She soon took the throne for herself, and declared herself pharaoh. While there were other female rulers and regents before her, she is the only one who used the symbolic beard.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thutmosis III, a military man and member of the Thutmosid royal line is commonly called the "Napoleon of Egypt". His conquests of the Levant brought Egypt's territories and influence to its greatest extent. He also built numerous monuments, most famously his Festival Hall and "botanical garden" at Karnak, and ordered the construction of the city of Napata in Nubia."><img alt="Thutmosis III, a military man and member of the Thutmosid royal line is commonly called the "Napoleon of Egypt". His conquests of the Levant brought Egypt's territories and influence to its greatest extent. He also built numerous monuments, most famously his Festival Hall and "botanical garden" at Karnak, and ordered the construction of the city of Napata in Nubia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg/87px-Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg/131px-Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg/174px-Thutmosis_III_wien_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thutmosis III, a military man and member of the <a href="/wiki/Thutmosid" class="mw-redirect" title="Thutmosid">Thutmosid</a> royal line is commonly called the "Napoleon of Egypt". His conquests of the Levant brought Egypt's territories and influence to its greatest extent. He also built numerous monuments, most famously his <a href="/wiki/Festival_Hall_of_Thutmose_III" title="Festival Hall of Thutmose III">Festival Hall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden_of_Thutmose_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Botanical garden of Thutmose III">"botanical garden"</a> at Karnak, and ordered the construction of the city of <a href="/wiki/Napata" title="Napata">Napata</a> in Nubia.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Amenhotep II."><img alt="Amenhotep II." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg/79px-Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg/118px-Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg/158px-Statue_of_Amenhotep_II_from_the_Museo_Egizio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thutmose IV."><img alt="Thutmose IV." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg/93px-Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg/140px-Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg/187px-Thutmosis_IV_Head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1817" data-file-height="2331" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thutmose IV.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Amenhotep III, whose long reign over Egypt found it at the height of its imperial splendor. He built numerous monuments, including the palace of Malqata, the Colossi of Memnon, and extensive expansions of the Temples of Karnak and Luxor, and has more surviving statutes than any other ancient Egyptian monarch."><img alt="Amenhotep III, whose long reign over Egypt found it at the height of its imperial splendor. He built numerous monuments, including the palace of Malqata, the Colossi of Memnon, and extensive expansions of the Temples of Karnak and Luxor, and has more surviving statutes than any other ancient Egyptian monarch." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg/90px-Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg/135px-Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg/180px-Berlin_Neues_Museum_-_statue_d%27Amenhotep_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="653" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a>, whose long reign over Egypt found it at the height of its imperial splendor. He built numerous monuments, including the palace of <a href="/wiki/Malqata" class="mw-redirect" title="Malqata">Malqata</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Colossi_of_Memnon" title="Colossi of Memnon">Colossi of Memnon</a>, and extensive expansions of the Temples of <a href="/wiki/Karnak" title="Karnak">Karnak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luxor_Temple" title="Luxor Temple">Luxor</a>, and has more surviving statutes than any other ancient Egyptian monarch.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Akhenaten_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Akhenaten, initially Amenhotep IV, began a religious revolution in which he declared Aten was a supreme god and turned his back on the old traditions. He moved the capital to Akhetaten."><img alt="Akhenaten, initially Amenhotep IV, began a religious revolution in which he declared Aten was a supreme god and turned his back on the old traditions. He moved the capital to Akhetaten." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Akhenaten_statue.jpg/90px-Akhenaten_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Akhenaten_statue.jpg/135px-Akhenaten_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Akhenaten_statue.jpg/180px-Akhenaten_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="667" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>, initially Amenhotep IV, began a religious revolution in which he declared <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a> was a supreme god and turned his back on the old traditions. He moved the capital to <a href="/wiki/Akhetaten" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhetaten">Akhetaten</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Nefertiti, possibly the daughter of Ay, married Akhenaten. Her role in daily life at the court soon extended from Great Royal Wife to that of a co-regent. It is also possible that she may have ruled Egypt in her own right as pharaoh Neferneferuaten."><img alt="Queen Nefertiti, possibly the daughter of Ay, married Akhenaten. Her role in daily life at the court soon extended from Great Royal Wife to that of a co-regent. It is also possible that she may have ruled Egypt in her own right as pharaoh Neferneferuaten." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg/80px-Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg/120px-Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg/160px-Wiki_nefertiti_bittidjz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Queen <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a>, possibly the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a>, married Akhenaten. Her role in daily life at the court soon extended from Great Royal Wife to that of a co-regent. It is also possible that she may have ruled Egypt in her own right as pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PrincesseAmarna.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Meritaten, was the eldest daughter of Akhenaten and Nefertiti. She was the wife of Smenkhkare. She also may have ruled Egypt in her own right as pharaoh and is one of the possible candidates of being the pharaoh Neferneferuaten."><img alt="Queen Meritaten, was the eldest daughter of Akhenaten and Nefertiti. She was the wife of Smenkhkare. She also may have ruled Egypt in her own right as pharaoh and is one of the possible candidates of being the pharaoh Neferneferuaten." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PrincesseAmarna.jpg/76px-PrincesseAmarna.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PrincesseAmarna.jpg/114px-PrincesseAmarna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PrincesseAmarna.jpg/152px-PrincesseAmarna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="676" data-file-height="1066" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Meritaten" title="Meritaten">Queen Meritaten</a>, was the eldest daughter of Akhenaten and Nefertiti. She was the wife of <a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a>. She also may have ruled Egypt in her own right as pharaoh and is one of the possible candidates of being the pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neferneferure and Neferneferuaten Tasherit. Shown here as children, they were two of six daughters born to Akhenaten and Nefertiti. It is possible that Neferneferuaten Tasherit was the one who may have been her father's co-regent and may have ruled as the female pharaoh, Neferneferuaten."><img alt="Neferneferure and Neferneferuaten Tasherit. Shown here as children, they were two of six daughters born to Akhenaten and Nefertiti. It is possible that Neferneferuaten Tasherit was the one who may have been her father's co-regent and may have ruled as the female pharaoh, Neferneferuaten." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg/120px-%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg/180px-%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg/240px-%C3%84gyptischer_Maler_um_1360_v._Chr._002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1473" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Neferneferure" title="Neferneferure">Neferneferure</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten_Tasherit" title="Neferneferuaten Tasherit">Neferneferuaten Tasherit</a>. Shown here as children, they were two of six daughters born to Akhenaten and Nefertiti. It is possible that Neferneferuaten Tasherit was the one who may have been her father's co-regent and may have ruled as the female pharaoh, Neferneferuaten.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Smenkhkare, was a co-regent of Akhenaten who ruled after his death. It was once believed that Smenkhkare was a male guise of Nefertiti, however, it is accepted that Smenkhkare was a male. He took Meritaten, Queen Nefertiti's daughter as his wife."><img alt="Smenkhkare, was a co-regent of Akhenaten who ruled after his death. It was once believed that Smenkhkare was a male guise of Nefertiti, however, it is accepted that Smenkhkare was a male. He took Meritaten, Queen Nefertiti's daughter as his wife." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png/94px-PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png/141px-PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png/189px-PortraitStudyOfAkhenaten-ThutmoseWorkshop_EgyptianMuseumBerlin.png 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="972" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a>, was a co-regent of Akhenaten who ruled after his death. It was once believed that Smenkhkare was a male guise of Nefertiti, however, it is accepted that Smenkhkare was a male. He took Meritaten, Queen Nefertiti's daughter as his wife.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tutmask.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tutankhamun, born Tutankhaten, was Akhenaten's son and the successor to Neferneferuaten. As pharaoh, he instigated policies to restore Egypt to its old religion and moved the capital away from Akhetaten."><img alt="Tutankhamun, born Tutankhaten, was Akhenaten's son and the successor to Neferneferuaten. As pharaoh, he instigated policies to restore Egypt to its old religion and moved the capital away from Akhetaten." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Tutmask.jpg/90px-Tutmask.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Tutmask.jpg/135px-Tutmask.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Tutmask.jpg/180px-Tutmask.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="667" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a>, born Tutankhaten, was Akhenaten's son and the successor to Neferneferuaten. As pharaoh, he instigated policies to restore Egypt to its old religion and moved the capital away from Akhetaten.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ay served as a high official to Akhenaten, and a vizier to Tutankhamun. He may have been the father of Nefertiti. After the death of Tutankhamun, Ay laid a claim to the throne by burying him and marrying Tutankhamun's wife Ankhesenamun."><img alt="Ay served as a high official to Akhenaten, and a vizier to Tutankhamun. He may have been the father of Nefertiti. After the death of Tutankhamun, Ay laid a claim to the throne by burying him and marrying Tutankhamun's wife Ankhesenamun." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg/65px-Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg/97px-Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg/129px-Opening_of_the_Mouth_-_Tutankhamun_and_Aja-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="563" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a> served as a high official to Akhenaten, and a <a href="/wiki/Vizier_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Vizier (Ancient Egypt)">vizier</a> to Tutankhamun. He may have been the father of Nefertiti. After the death of Tutankhamun, Ay laid a claim to the throne by burying him and marrying Tutankhamun's wife <a href="/wiki/Ankhesenamun" title="Ankhesenamun">Ankhesenamun</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="After the death of Ay, Horemheb assumed the throne. A commoner, he had served as a military official to both Tutankhamun and Ay. Horemheb instigated a policy of damnatio memoriae, against everyone associated with the Amarna period. With no heir born to him, he appointed his own vizier, Paramessu as his successor."><img alt="After the death of Ay, Horemheb assumed the throne. A commoner, he had served as a military official to both Tutankhamun and Ay. Horemheb instigated a policy of damnatio memoriae, against everyone associated with the Amarna period. With no heir born to him, he appointed his own vizier, Paramessu as his successor." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg/90px-StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg/134px-StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg/179px-StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb02_KunsthistorischesMuseum_Nov13-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2524" data-file-height="3379" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">After the death of Ay, <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a> assumed the throne. A commoner, he had served as a military official to both Tutankhamun and Ay. Horemheb instigated a policy of <i><a href="/wiki/Damnatio_memoriae" title="Damnatio memoriae">damnatio memoriae</a></i>, against everyone associated with the <a href="/wiki/Amarna_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarna period">Amarna period</a>. With no heir born to him, he appointed his own vizier, <a href="/wiki/Paramessu" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramessu">Paramessu</a> as his successor.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tiye was the daughter of the court official Yuya. She married Amenhotep III, and became his principal wife. Her knowledge of government helped her gain power in her position and she was soon running affairs of state and foreign affairs for her husband, Amenhotep III and later her son, Akhenaten. She was also Tutankhamun's grandmother."><img alt="Tiye was the daughter of the court official Yuya. She married Amenhotep III, and became his principal wife. Her knowledge of government helped her gain power in her position and she was soon running affairs of state and foreign affairs for her husband, Amenhotep III and later her son, Akhenaten. She was also Tutankhamun's grandmother." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg/59px-%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg" decoding="async" width="59" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg/89px-%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg/119px-%C3%84gyptisches_Museum_Berlin_027.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1176" data-file-height="2364" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tiye" title="Tiye">Tiye</a> was the daughter of the court official <a href="/wiki/Yuya" title="Yuya">Yuya</a>. She married Amenhotep III, and became his principal wife. Her knowledge of government helped her gain power in her position and she was soon running affairs of state and foreign affairs for her husband, Amenhotep III and later her son, Akhenaten. She was also Tutankhamun's grandmother.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senenu_Grinding_Grain,_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senenu, High Priest of Amun at Deir El-Baḥri, grinding grain, c. 1352–1292 BC, Limestone, Brooklyn Museum."><img alt="Senenu, High Priest of Amun at Deir El-Baḥri, grinding grain, c. 1352–1292 BC, Limestone, Brooklyn Museum." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b0/Senenu_Grinding_Grain%2C_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg/120px-Senenu_Grinding_Grain%2C_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b0/Senenu_Grinding_Grain%2C_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg/180px-Senenu_Grinding_Grain%2C_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b0/Senenu_Grinding_Grain%2C_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg/240px-Senenu_Grinding_Grain%2C_ca._1352-1336_B.C..jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="637" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Senenu, High Priest of <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a> at <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Bahari" title="Deir el-Bahari">Deir El-Baḥri</a>, grinding grain, c. 1352–1292 BC, <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">Limestone</a>, Brooklyn Museum.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Nakht_(6).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beautiful Festival of the Valley (Celebration of the dead in Thebes)"><img alt="Beautiful Festival of the Valley (Celebration of the dead in Thebes)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tomb_of_Nakht_%286%29.jpg/120px-Tomb_of_Nakht_%286%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tomb_of_Nakht_%286%29.jpg/180px-Tomb_of_Nakht_%286%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tomb_of_Nakht_%286%29.jpg/240px-Tomb_of_Nakht_%286%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="685" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Festival_of_the_Valley" title="Beautiful Festival of the Valley">Beautiful Festival of the Valley</a> (Celebration of the dead in Thebes)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_chronology" title="Egyptian chronology">Egyptian chronology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tw-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tw_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Toby_Wilkinson" title="Toby Wilkinson">Wilkinson, Toby</a> (2010). <i>The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt</i>. Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-679-60429-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-679-60429-7"><bdi>978-0-679-60429-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-679-60429-7&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Toby&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_Molinari2014" class="citation cs2">Daniel Molinari (2014-09-16), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmFM-rPerL4"><i>Egypts Lost Queens</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/nmFM-rPerL4">archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-21<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egypts+Lost+Queens&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft.au=Daniel+Molinari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DnmFM-rPerL4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gestoso-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gestoso_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graciela Gestoso Singer, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/414029/Ahmose_Nefertari_the_Woman_in_Black">Ahmose-Nefertari, The Woman in Black</a>". <i>Terrae Antiqvae</i>, January 17, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton: pg 122</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'ConnorCline199811–12-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'ConnorCline199811–12_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO'ConnorCline1998">O'Connor & Cline 1998</a>, pp. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton: pg 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKozloffBryan1992no._2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKozloffBryan1992no._2_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKozloffBryan1992">Kozloff & Bryan 1992</a>, no. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodsonHilton2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aidan_Dodson" title="Aidan Dodson">Dodson, Aidan</a>; Hilton, Dyan (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ONKiQAAACAAJ&pg=PA142"><i>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Thames & Hudson. p. 142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3"><bdi>978-0-500-28857-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Royal+Families+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=142&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-500-28857-3&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft.au=Hilton%2C+Dyan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DONKiQAAACAAJ%26pg%3DPA142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DH-143-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DH-143_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodsonHilton2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aidan_Dodson" title="Aidan Dodson">Dodson, Aidan</a>; Hilton, Dyan (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ONKiQAAACAAJ&pg=PA143"><i>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Thames & Hudson. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-28857-3"><bdi>978-0-500-28857-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Royal+Families+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-500-28857-3&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft.au=Hilton%2C+Dyan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DONKiQAAACAAJ%26pg%3DPA143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardiner1953" class="citation journal cs1">Gardiner, Alan (1953). "The Coronation of King Haremhab". <i>Journal of Egyptian Archaeology</i>. <b>39</b>: 13–31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Egyptian+Archaeology&rft.atitle=The+Coronation+of+King+Haremhab&rft.volume=39&rft.pages=13-31&rft.date=1953&rft.aulast=Gardiner&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/3752/Block_Statue_of_Ay#">"Block Statue of Ay"</a>. <i>brooklynmuseum.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=brooklynmuseum.org&rft.atitle=Block+Statue+of+Ay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brooklynmuseum.org%2Fopencollection%2Fobjects%2F3752%2FBlock_Statue_of_Ay%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OConnor-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OConnor_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OConnor_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor1993" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, David (1993). <i>Ancient Nubia: Egypt's Rival in Africa</i>. University of Pennsylvania, USA: University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. pp. 60–69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0924171286" title="Special:BookSources/0924171286"><bdi>0924171286</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Nubia%3A+Egypt%27s+Rival+in+Africa&rft.place=University+of+Pennsylvania%2C+USA&rft.pages=60-69&rft.pub=University+Museum+of+Archaeology+and+Anthropology&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0924171286&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2004" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Ian (2004). <i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 217.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-locearlyhist-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-locearlyhist_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Early History", <a href="/wiki/Helen_Chapin_Metz" title="Helen Chapin Metz">Helen Chapin Metz</a>, ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/sudan">Sudan A Country Study</a>. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1991.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabriel2009" class="citation book cs1">Gabriel, Richard A. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jCKU6fA8nZIC&pg=PT204"><i>Thutmose III: The Military Biography of Egypt's Greatest Warrior King</i></a>. Potomac Books, Inc. p. 204. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59797-373-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59797-373-1"><bdi>978-1-59797-373-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thutmose+III%3A+The+Military+Biography+of+Egypt%27s+Greatest+Warrior+King&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=Potomac+Books%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-59797-373-1&rft.aulast=Gabriel&rft.aufirst=Richard+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjCKU6fA8nZIC%26pg%3DPT204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen2000" class="citation book cs1">Allen, James P. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gMxfheT1XQIC&pg=PA299"><i>Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 299. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-77483-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-77483-3"><bdi>978-0-521-77483-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Middle+Egyptian%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Language+and+Culture+of+Hieroglyphs&rft.pages=299&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-521-77483-3&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=James+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgMxfheT1XQIC%26pg%3DPA299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA37991">"Tomb-painting British Museum"</a>. <i>The British Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+British+Museum&rft.atitle=Tomb-painting+British+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fobject%2FY_EA37991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamseyDeeRowlandHigham2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ramsey, C. B.; Dee, M. W.; Rowland, J. M.; Higham, T. F. G.; Harris, S. A.; Brock, F.; Quiles, A.; Wild, E. M.; Marcus, E. S.; Shortland, A. J. (2010). "Radiocarbon-Based Chronology for Dynastic Egypt". <i>Science</i>. <b>328</b> (5985): 1554–1557. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328.1554R">2010Sci...328.1554R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1189395">10.1126/science.1189395</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20558717">20558717</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206526496">206526496</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Radiocarbon-Based+Chronology+for+Dynastic+Egypt&rft.volume=328&rft.issue=5985&rft.pages=1554-1557&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1189395&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A206526496%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20558717&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010Sci...328.1554R&rft.aulast=Ramsey&rft.aufirst=C.+B.&rft.au=Dee%2C+M.+W.&rft.au=Rowland%2C+J.+M.&rft.au=Higham%2C+T.+F.+G.&rft.au=Harris%2C+S.+A.&rft.au=Brock%2C+F.&rft.au=Quiles%2C+A.&rft.au=Wild%2C+E.+M.&rft.au=Marcus%2C+E.+S.&rft.au=Shortland%2C+A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton: <i>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</i>. The American University in Cairo Press, London 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100725081817/http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/sites/">"Sites in the Valley of the Kings"</a>. <i>Theban Mapping Project</i>. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/sites/">the original</a> on 25 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Theban+Mapping+Project&rft.atitle=Sites+in+the+Valley+of+the+Kings&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebanmappingproject.com%2Fsites%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WG-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_21-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grajetzki, <i>Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary</i>, Golden House Publications, London, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0954721893" title="Special:BookSources/978-0954721893">978-0954721893</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'ConnorCline1998" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, David; Cline, Eric (1998). <i>Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign</i>. University of Michigan Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amenhotep+III%3A+Perspectives+on+His+Reign&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Cline%2C+Eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_la_Bédoyère2023" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Guy_de_la_B%C3%A9doy%C3%A8re" title="Guy de la Bédoyère">de la Bédoyère, Guy</a> (2023). <i>Pharaohs of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of Tutankhamun's Dynasty</i>. Pegasus Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781639363063" title="Special:BookSources/9781639363063"><bdi>9781639363063</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pharaohs+of+the+Sun%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Tutankhamun%27s+Dynasty&rft.pub=Pegasus+Books&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9781639363063&rft.aulast=de+la+B%C3%A9doy%C3%A8re&rft.aufirst=Guy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozloffBryan1992" class="citation book cs1">Kozloff, Arielle; Bryan, Betsy (1992). <i>Royal and Divine Statuary in Egypt's Dazzling Sun: Amenhotep III and his World</i>. Cleveland.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+and+Divine+Statuary+in+Egypt%27s+Dazzling+Sun%3A+Amenhotep+III+and+his+World&rft.place=Cleveland&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Kozloff&rft.aufirst=Arielle&rft.au=Bryan%2C+Betsy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuhrt1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9lie_Kuhrt" title="Amélie Kuhrt">Kuhrt, Amélie</a> (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ancientneareastc00akuh"><i>The Ancient Near East: c. 3000–330 BC</i></a></span>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415013536" title="Special:BookSources/9780415013536"><bdi>9780415013536</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ancient+Near+East%3A+c.+3000%E2%80%93330+BC&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780415013536&rft.aulast=Kuhrt&rft.aufirst=Am%C3%A9lie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fancientneareastc00akuh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEighteenth+Dynasty+of+Egypt" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/82622/rec/1">Hatshepsut: from Queen to Pharaoh</a>, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146055#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85041287">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007533496905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&oldid=1253116917">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&oldid=1253116917</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Category:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_the_16th_century_BC" title="Category:States and territories established in the 16th century BC">States and territories established in the 16th century BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_the_13th_century_BC" title="Category:States and territories disestablished in the 13th century BC">States and territories disestablished in the 13th century BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dynasties_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Category:Dynasties of ancient Egypt">Dynasties of ancient Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Category:New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom of Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th_century_BC_in_Egypt" title="Category:16th century BC in Egypt">16th century BC in Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:15th_century_BC_in_Egypt" title="Category:15th century BC in Egypt">15th century BC in Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:14th_century_BC_in_Egypt" title="Category:14th century BC in Egypt">14th century BC in Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:13th_century_BC_in_Egypt" title="Category:13th century BC in Egypt">13th century BC in Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_BC_establishments_in_Egypt" title="Category:16th-century BC establishments in Egypt">16th-century BC establishments in Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:13th_century_BC_disestablishments_in_Egypt" title="Category:13th century BC disestablishments in Egypt">13th century BC disestablishments in Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2nd_millennium_BC_in_Egypt" title="Category:2nd millennium BC in Egypt">2nd millennium BC in Egypt</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_WikiHiero_extension" title="Category:Pages using the WikiHiero extension">Pages using the WikiHiero extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_EasyTimeline_extension" title="Category:Pages using the EasyTimeline extension">Pages using the EasyTimeline extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Egyptian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Egyptian-language text">Articles containing Ancient Egyptian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 October 2024, at 12:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-zcwrk","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.069","walltime":"1.313","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5259,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":119257,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7206,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":131952,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1150.325 1 -total"," 22.57% 259.641 1 Template:Reflist"," 16.40% 188.693 11 Template:Cite_book"," 13.31% 153.090 1 Template:Egyptian_Dynasty_list"," 12.72% 146.369 1 Template:Lang"," 12.65% 145.524 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 10.74% 123.571 1 Template:Infobox_Former_Country"," 6.34% 72.906 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.27% 72.139 1 Template:Authority_control"," 5.98% 68.802 1 Template:Sticky_header"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.618","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15623815,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAllen2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaniel_Molinari2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDodsonHilton2010\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFGabriel2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGardiner1953\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKozloffBryan1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuhrt1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Connor1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;ConnorCline1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRamseyDeeRowlandHigham2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShaw2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilkinson2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFde_la_Bédoyère2023\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Center\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 5,\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 11,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 3,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Eighteenth Dynasty Of Egypt\"] = 1,\n [\"Egyptian Dynasty list\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox Former Country\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rp\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 2,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Small\"] = 5,\n [\"Sticky header\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-czcdm","timestamp":"20241124161906","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q146055","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q146055","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-04-01T01:14:17Z","dateModified":"2024-10-24T12:38:07Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/03\/Egypt_NK_edit.svg","headline":"Dynasty of Egypt between 1550 BCE and 1295 BCE, notably comprising Akenaten and Hatshepsut"}</script> </body> </html>