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data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/122467544/Women_Entrepreneurs_in_MSME_Sector_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Women Entrepreneurs in MSME Sector in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117125011/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/122467544/Women_Entrepreneurs_in_MSME_Sector_in_India">Women Entrepreneurs in MSME Sector in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Orissa journal of commerce</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="56686be9ca2fbb076300a9a97770f8fc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" 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Moreover Women Entrepreneurship is considered as a potent toolfor empowering women and that their combined forces can solve a wide range of socioeconomic issues in developing nations. Although women account for around 50 percent of the world's population, there is a significant discrepancy between male and female entrepreneurship. The present study explores the prevalence of the gender inequality of MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) entrepreneurship and, more particularly, the growth of women entrepreneurs under Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) in India. The study employed statistical tools like two tailed independent large sample and unpaired t-Test, coefficient of variation (CV) and annual growth rate (AGR). 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99067126"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99067126/Tax_Revenue_and_Economic_Growth_Nexus_in_India_An_ARDL_Bounds_Testing_Approach"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tax Revenue and Economic Growth Nexus in India: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100252390/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99067126/Tax_Revenue_and_Economic_Growth_Nexus_in_India_An_ARDL_Bounds_Testing_Approach">Tax Revenue and Economic Growth Nexus in India: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PranatiPalai">Pranati Palai</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Orissa journal of commerce</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="09addab24a6db8a7ea95352a7394d1ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100252390,"asset_id":99067126,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100252390/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99067126"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99067126"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99067126; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93002154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93002154/Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Productivity_in_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100252469/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93002154/Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Productivity_in_Odisha">Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Malaysian Business Management Journal</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown acr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown across the state of Odisha from 1970-71 to 2019-20. For analysing growth performance and comparing yield of important crops in Odisha, the research applies statistical methods such as annual growth rate (AGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and ordinary least square method (OLS) of regression. On the other hand, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the instability index (Cuddy & Valle, 1978) have been used to investigate the state鈥檚 crop productivity instability. The study reveals the fact that the selected categories of crops which include cereals, oilseeds, pulses, food grains, fibres and small millets have not been experienced with steady annual growth rate from 1970-71 to 2019-20 rather they have been featured with high volatility. Moreover, the high degree of instability is evident in productivity of specified crop categories in Odisha. To boost agricultural production rates, it ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="721c3dfdd853faf7b83bbfe9802e746f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100252469,"asset_id":93002154,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100252469/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93002154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93002154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93002154; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93002154]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93002154]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93002154; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93002154']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 93002154, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "721c3dfdd853faf7b83bbfe9802e746f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=93002154]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":93002154,"title":"Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown across the state of Odisha from 1970-71 to 2019-20. 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The educated human being can enhance their s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socio-economic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as inter-state disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity,...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f9e70fefe6933f379902b24711d92871" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93041942,"asset_id":89201152,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93041942/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89201152"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89201152"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89201152; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89201152]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89201152]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89201152; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89201152']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 89201152, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f9e70fefe6933f379902b24711d92871" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89201152]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89201152,"title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. 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In order to examine the literacy disparity,...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socio-economic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as inter-state disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity,...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89201152/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-25T09:36:53.752-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":93041942,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93041942/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IJCRT2103338.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93041942/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93041942/IJCRT2103338-libre.pdf?1666717050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=Dh6mTkHImGNf4BJFEM7Hq~f24frnFtlFj66ftkrIYlborxw8efiZn1FDMT91tZAY69MpDvkyV1-0kZTyYQCtd-kHgLld2JL1uTMvbFoZj4w8H33mMCYNyypAdH9zTuQE9~I-ICq8siuw2ygMRAT0QlNNT7i7uJcqDBJUxPnnqsR3xH8VnPz~ziWL8VN0VxdeTsLGrV~iraid3ydK7R9Vwe59MWGfh0rBKEFSQOFLMStdKuijMwZ25d5Q43QTmMTEmJES9TlOyHuXKuMJTHCQF~Ksp1cLdUVIfzBBJdStV8jrQa-KsSObCprdl0NOI3pGwTjVudFK9Hvv7mSqDpe8aA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":93041942,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93041942/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IJCRT2103338.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93041942/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/93041942/IJCRT2103338-libre.pdf?1666717050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=Dh6mTkHImGNf4BJFEM7Hq~f24frnFtlFj66ftkrIYlborxw8efiZn1FDMT91tZAY69MpDvkyV1-0kZTyYQCtd-kHgLld2JL1uTMvbFoZj4w8H33mMCYNyypAdH9zTuQE9~I-ICq8siuw2ygMRAT0QlNNT7i7uJcqDBJUxPnnqsR3xH8VnPz~ziWL8VN0VxdeTsLGrV~iraid3ydK7R9Vwe59MWGfh0rBKEFSQOFLMStdKuijMwZ25d5Q43QTmMTEmJES9TlOyHuXKuMJTHCQF~Ksp1cLdUVIfzBBJdStV8jrQa-KsSObCprdl0NOI3pGwTjVudFK9Hvv7mSqDpe8aA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":858,"name":"Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literacy"},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education"},{"id":444535,"name":"MSME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSME"}],"urls":[{"id":25139685,"url":"https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2103338.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74108169"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74108169/Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82378991/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74108169/Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India">Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Odisha Journal of Commerce and Management</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and<br />inequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of<br />this inequality in India and Odisha.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="582ce07381d0ffe8ba106ac6a6fc15ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82378991,"asset_id":74108169,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82378991/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74108169"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74108169"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74108169; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74108169]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74108169]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74108169; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74108169']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74108169, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "582ce07381d0ffe8ba106ac6a6fc15ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74108169]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74108169,"title":"Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"1","volume":"V","abstract":"Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and\ninequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of\nthis inequality in India and Odisha.","page_numbers":"56-60","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Odisha Journal of Commerce and Management"},"translated_abstract":"Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and\ninequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of\nthis inequality in India and Odisha.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74108169/Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-19T23:00:49.161-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":37882887,"work_id":74108169,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India"},{"id":37882888,"work_id":74108169,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82378991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82378991/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OJCM_DECEMBER2019.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82378991/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82378991/OJCM_DECEMBER2019-libre.pdf?1647756522=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEntrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=LjP6d11rEU-LkxY4eTUEYYDsUzGrS9bWqjC5lISEaO0FG19-cMpFxNgwARnvW2QtpJLT0lk2uNFC7sPSt87DMkr3tBQKqQH60LEyJ7AB2lGUhpEOKf39YN58tEW7QCMv7ESFUvauj6rxYd7KcdHkJWsO23F22UMUTyNW~ChUu1xk-9wGySF2ONdoot0sVpJs~gGvDPkuawhI9z~CGss5ADQUwvuLsxcX1alfLtUW2DjhFv84J~gdHrbf-c4NunXTfRRW9lkKVAhK5gytWLNLPC94-tB-2270nmQk7l~YKMdXLBoj6gMNaeABsWMzJIik1uNNf7yU3CStnZjl2ROPYA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":82378991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82378991/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OJCM_DECEMBER2019.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82378991/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82378991/OJCM_DECEMBER2019-libre.pdf?1647756522=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEntrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=LjP6d11rEU-LkxY4eTUEYYDsUzGrS9bWqjC5lISEaO0FG19-cMpFxNgwARnvW2QtpJLT0lk2uNFC7sPSt87DMkr3tBQKqQH60LEyJ7AB2lGUhpEOKf39YN58tEW7QCMv7ESFUvauj6rxYd7KcdHkJWsO23F22UMUTyNW~ChUu1xk-9wGySF2ONdoot0sVpJs~gGvDPkuawhI9z~CGss5ADQUwvuLsxcX1alfLtUW2DjhFv84J~gdHrbf-c4NunXTfRRW9lkKVAhK5gytWLNLPC94-tB-2270nmQk7l~YKMdXLBoj6gMNaeABsWMzJIik1uNNf7yU3CStnZjl2ROPYA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":444535,"name":"MSME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSME"},{"id":741351,"name":"Social Sector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sector"}],"urls":[{"id":18634326,"url":"https://www.gmuniversity.ac.in/documents/OJCM_DECEMBER2019.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51078565"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51078565/Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68933081/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51078565/Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India">Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business sectors towards society. An effective CSR strategy promotes competitiveness of business sectors. Corporate social responsibility produces an overall positive impact on society as well as on business which bridges the gap of social inequality and it contributes to the growth and development of a country. In developing countries like India, there is increasing need of corporate social responsibility. This study examines the extent of CSR expenditure by public sector undertakings as well as non-public sector undertakings and analyses state-wise allocation of CSR expenditure in India. It also studies utilisation of CSR expenditure among different sectors and observes the women empowerment through corporate social responsibility in India. Statistical tools like arithmetic mean, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV), annual growth rate (AGR), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) have been used to analyze the secondary data from the year 2014-15 to 2018-19 collected from different authenticable sources. This study finds that CSR spending in India is not evenly distributed among different activities or sectors. There is existence of high degree variation in allocation of CSR expenditures among different states and UTs. Moreover, it is observed that very low percent of total CSR expenditure in India is channelized for women empowerment purpose.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe91cd43a2bd586d564acb7dda92d81a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68933081,"asset_id":51078565,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68933081/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51078565"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51078565"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51078565; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51078565]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51078565]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51078565; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51078565']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51078565, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe91cd43a2bd586d564acb7dda92d81a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51078565]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51078565,"title":"Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"I","volume":"VI","abstract":"Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business sectors towards society. An effective CSR strategy promotes competitiveness of business sectors. Corporate social responsibility produces an overall positive impact on society as well as on business which bridges the gap of social inequality and it contributes to the growth and development of a country. In developing countries like India, there is increasing need of corporate social responsibility. This study examines the extent of CSR expenditure by public sector undertakings as well as non-public sector undertakings and analyses state-wise allocation of CSR expenditure in India. It also studies utilisation of CSR expenditure among different sectors and observes the women empowerment through corporate social responsibility in India. Statistical tools like arithmetic mean, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV), annual growth rate (AGR), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) have been used to analyze the secondary data from the year 2014-15 to 2018-19 collected from different authenticable sources. This study finds that CSR spending in India is not evenly distributed among different activities or sectors. There is existence of high degree variation in allocation of CSR expenditures among different states and UTs. Moreover, it is observed that very low percent of total CSR expenditure in India is channelized for women empowerment purpose.","location":"Sambalpur","journal_name":"Odisha Journal of Commerce and Management","organization":"School of Commerce, Gangadhar Meher University, Amruta Vihar","page_numbers":"51-64","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":6,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business sectors towards society. An effective CSR strategy promotes competitiveness of business sectors. Corporate social responsibility produces an overall positive impact on society as well as on business which bridges the gap of social inequality and it contributes to the growth and development of a country. In developing countries like India, there is increasing need of corporate social responsibility. This study examines the extent of CSR expenditure by public sector undertakings as well as non-public sector undertakings and analyses state-wise allocation of CSR expenditure in India. It also studies utilisation of CSR expenditure among different sectors and observes the women empowerment through corporate social responsibility in India. Statistical tools like arithmetic mean, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV), annual growth rate (AGR), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) have been used to analyze the secondary data from the year 2014-15 to 2018-19 collected from different authenticable sources. This study finds that CSR spending in India is not evenly distributed among different activities or sectors. There is existence of high degree variation in allocation of CSR expenditures among different states and UTs. Moreover, it is observed that very low percent of total CSR expenditure in India is channelized for women empowerment purpose.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51078565/Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-08-29T06:56:52.195-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":36819249,"work_id":51078565,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68933081,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68933081/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68933081/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68933081/Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment-libre.pdf?1630247729=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAnalysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=YiQr0EnG~Yvq2Dr6LdN3ZtlIuPKOIYAYM9pC8BYt69sfK6AFfXNr5CcrQKXBMfOnf7m0vdEqybqudmSHLN1-96I3RRougQD~0a1ipLsbm~DNAGzw~aC1xYDAhR30G9Yw7J8crET43VTv5-Fxv5XuKDMSQiW6tnOCcQ7byb7XTDiSSk-Gikv0RXFa6xwSjBeH-QjwUHVCRfE5wQCgwnBrty1WCZDAnpY9To6L9PebEHx~zYJAZhURrHvl5xuL9EUmLeEhF5bfCNv3bfbYElw8RZ0z1qU8Hcp0J5G9t~on43EVxDXfN5TJxIknbT4-fqXeh1TY1p5hy0RnsbTjAosL8g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":68933081,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68933081/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68933081/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68933081/Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment-libre.pdf?1630247729=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAnalysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=YiQr0EnG~Yvq2Dr6LdN3ZtlIuPKOIYAYM9pC8BYt69sfK6AFfXNr5CcrQKXBMfOnf7m0vdEqybqudmSHLN1-96I3RRougQD~0a1ipLsbm~DNAGzw~aC1xYDAhR30G9Yw7J8crET43VTv5-Fxv5XuKDMSQiW6tnOCcQ7byb7XTDiSSk-Gikv0RXFa6xwSjBeH-QjwUHVCRfE5wQCgwnBrty1WCZDAnpY9To6L9PebEHx~zYJAZhURrHvl5xuL9EUmLeEhF5bfCNv3bfbYElw8RZ0z1qU8Hcp0J5G9t~on43EVxDXfN5TJxIknbT4-fqXeh1TY1p5hy0RnsbTjAosL8g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74737,"name":"Socio Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio_Economics"},{"id":892228,"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_"}],"urls":[{"id":18634579,"url":"https://www.gmuniversity.ac.in/ojcm-archives.php"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="47755366"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/47755366/An_Empirical_Assessment_of_Growth_and_Performance_of_MSMEs_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Empirical Assessment of Growth and Performance of MSMEs in India with Special Reference to Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66697351/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/47755366/An_Empirical_Assessment_of_Growth_and_Performance_of_MSMEs_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha">An Empirical Assessment of Growth and Performance of MSMEs in India with Special Reference to Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bjbcollege.academia.edu/manindrahanhaga">Manindra Hanhaga</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain">Kiranbala Swain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the bac...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the back bone for economic growth and development of a developing country like India. The importance of MSMEs is attributable to their high employment potentialities, the requirement of low capital and technology, use of traditional or inherited skills, use of local resources, promotion of entrepreneurial skills, mobilization of resources, and exportability of products. MSMEs play a crucial role by providing economic justice through equitable distribution of income and wealth in a region and in turn reduce regional disparity in the country in general and in state in particular. MSMEs occupy a very important position in the Indian economy due to their major contribution in terms of output, exports, and employment which helps to solve a number of macroeconomic problems in the state of Odisha as well as in India. This paper examines and compares the growth and performance of MSMEs throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha and India. This study also focuses on the sector-wise composition of MSMEs in the state of Odisha and also analyses the extent of bank credit flow to these sectors. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), arithmetic mean (AM), coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of correlation are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various authenticable sources as per the requirement of objectives of the study.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="205741d27d3ddd9a49debd64f690f362" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66697351,"asset_id":47755366,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66697351/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="47755366"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47755366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47755366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47755366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47755366]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47755366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='47755366']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47755366, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "205741d27d3ddd9a49debd64f690f362" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=47755366]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":47755366,"title":"An Empirical Assessment of Growth and Performance of MSMEs in India with Special Reference to Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.17148/IARJSET.2021.8429","issue":"4","volume":"8","abstract":"Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the back bone for economic growth and development of a developing country like India. The importance of MSMEs is attributable to their high employment potentialities, the requirement of low capital and technology, use of traditional or inherited skills, use of local resources, promotion of entrepreneurial skills, mobilization of resources, and exportability of products. MSMEs play a crucial role by providing economic justice through equitable distribution of income and wealth in a region and in turn reduce regional disparity in the country in general and in state in particular. MSMEs occupy a very important position in the Indian economy due to their major contribution in terms of output, exports, and employment which helps to solve a number of macroeconomic problems in the state of Odisha as well as in India. This paper examines and compares the growth and performance of MSMEs throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha and India. This study also focuses on the sector-wise composition of MSMEs in the state of Odisha and also analyses the extent of bank credit flow to these sectors. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), arithmetic mean (AM), coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of correlation are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various authenticable sources as per the requirement of objectives of the study.","journal_name":"International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology","page_numbers":"154-164","publication_date":{"day":27,"month":4,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the back bone for economic growth and development of a developing country like India. 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This study also focuses on the sector-wise composition of MSMEs in the state of Odisha and also analyses the extent of bank credit flow to these sectors. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45590912"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45590912/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66071147/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45590912/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha">Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bjbcollege.academia.edu/manindrahanhaga">Manindra Hanhaga</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain">Kiranbala Swain</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socioeconomic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as interstate disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity, Sopher's disparity index has been used. Statistical tools like CV, arithmetic mean, range, and percentage have been also applied to analyse the secondary data collected from the census of Govt. of India.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1346a706cfc5a3953c91697a217465b1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66071147,"asset_id":45590912,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66071147/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45590912"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45590912"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45590912; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45590912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45590912]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45590912; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45590912']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45590912, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1346a706cfc5a3953c91697a217465b1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45590912]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45590912,"title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"3","volume":"9","abstract":"Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="43841830"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/43841830/Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64161633/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/43841830/Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha">Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tribal Studies: A Journal of COATS (TSJCOATS)</span><span>, Dec 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also a sharp instrument for reducing socio economic disparity in a state as well as in a country. The reduction of educational disparity builds the path towards growth and development of society. The presence of educational inequalities is one of the chronic diseases in the socio-economic body of the state or nation. In post independent period the government implemented several schemes for removing educational inequalities among different parts of country as well as in states and more particularly, for the up-liftment of tribal people, but the tribal people leg behind the general population group. Odisha is known as home land of tribal people with total tribal population 9590756. Moreover, the tribal population constitute 22.8% to total population of Odisha (Census Report 2011). But they are neither able to reap the fruits of development are actively involved in the main stream of development. It is due to the presence of educational backwardness among tribal people. The objective of the present paper is to examine the literacy status of tribal people as compared to other social groups in scheduled districts of Odisha. This study also analyses and compares the literacy status of tribal people in scheduled districts with non-scheduled districts of Odisha. Further it is observed that more gender biased literacy rate is found among the tribal people in scheduled districts as compared to non-scheduled districts. This paper uses secondary data which are collected from the census of India, Economic Survey of Odisha, annual reports of Ministry of Tribal welfare and Department of Education in India to find out reasons for low level of literacy and educational backwardness among tribal people and to suggest some possible measures for their educational development.<br />Key Words: Scheduled districts; Non scheduled districts; Literacy; Gender: Scheduled tribes, JEL Code: I210, I240</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4bcba1ad21b67b5319a9b3abb4de7ff1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":64161633,"asset_id":43841830,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64161633/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="43841830"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43841830"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43841830; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43841830]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43841830]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43841830; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='43841830']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43841830, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4bcba1ad21b67b5319a9b3abb4de7ff1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=43841830]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":43841830,"title":"Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"2","volume":"8","abstract":"Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also a sharp instrument for reducing socio economic disparity in a state as well as in a country. The reduction of educational disparity builds the path towards growth and development of society. The presence of educational inequalities is one of the chronic diseases in the socio-economic body of the state or nation. In post independent period the government implemented several schemes for removing educational inequalities among different parts of country as well as in states and more particularly, for the up-liftment of tribal people, but the tribal people leg behind the general population group. Odisha is known as home land of tribal people with total tribal population 9590756. Moreover, the tribal population constitute 22.8% to total population of Odisha (Census Report 2011). But they are neither able to reap the fruits of development are actively involved in the main stream of development. It is due to the presence of educational backwardness among tribal people. The objective of the present paper is to examine the literacy status of tribal people as compared to other social groups in scheduled districts of Odisha. This study also analyses and compares the literacy status of tribal people in scheduled districts with non-scheduled districts of Odisha. Further it is observed that more gender biased literacy rate is found among the tribal people in scheduled districts as compared to non-scheduled districts. This paper uses secondary data which are collected from the census of India, Economic Survey of Odisha, annual reports of Ministry of Tribal welfare and Department of Education in India to find out reasons for low level of literacy and educational backwardness among tribal people and to suggest some possible measures for their educational development.\nKey Words: Scheduled districts; Non scheduled districts; Literacy; Gender: Scheduled tribes, JEL Code: I210, I240 \n","location":"Koraput","journal_name":"Tribal Studies: A Journal of COATS (TSJCOATS)","organization":"Council of Analytical Tribal Studies (COATS)","page_numbers":"88-97","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":12,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Tribal Studies: A Journal of COATS (TSJCOATS)"},"translated_abstract":"Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also a sharp instrument for reducing socio economic disparity in a state as well as in a country. The reduction of educational disparity builds the path towards growth and development of society. The presence of educational inequalities is one of the chronic diseases in the socio-economic body of the state or nation. In post independent period the government implemented several schemes for removing educational inequalities among different parts of country as well as in states and more particularly, for the up-liftment of tribal people, but the tribal people leg behind the general population group. Odisha is known as home land of tribal people with total tribal population 9590756. Moreover, the tribal population constitute 22.8% to total population of Odisha (Census Report 2011). But they are neither able to reap the fruits of development are actively involved in the main stream of development. It is due to the presence of educational backwardness among tribal people. The objective of the present paper is to examine the literacy status of tribal people as compared to other social groups in scheduled districts of Odisha. This study also analyses and compares the literacy status of tribal people in scheduled districts with non-scheduled districts of Odisha. Further it is observed that more gender biased literacy rate is found among the tribal people in scheduled districts as compared to non-scheduled districts. This paper uses secondary data which are collected from the census of India, Economic Survey of Odisha, annual reports of Ministry of Tribal welfare and Department of Education in India to find out reasons for low level of literacy and educational backwardness among tribal people and to suggest some possible measures for their educational development.\nKey Words: Scheduled districts; Non scheduled districts; Literacy; Gender: Scheduled tribes, JEL Code: I210, I240 \n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43841830/Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-08-12T10:10:06.532-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":35536168,"work_id":43841830,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha"},{"id":35536169,"work_id":43841830,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64161633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64161633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"COAT.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64161633/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/64161633/COAT-libre.pdf?1597254415=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExtent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=KtSUWfPLRpwpcUQbECNNL9O5kNXVNfVAY8FAob6hSoy-HmQJtVLNm7q5YGg3s6uCHH0BFOGJsZC4e54djkFXiAhiWtCu6~EwLWad-9EFwoSKln4TeoN7zF9cC~ZzQ0z7yn9~QzrJw82FAhL-E~8FwBt1E~yrrxOlD-sSXDT~mW3fxE1wOJ7G2gAxhMCR83HdigRh5nc0ItL-tWwudjfe12SIG9pW1eCL3vtGxZKFnl~70akgbR4RME-jfv30M66Nu1ifeiBzKbfR9dsj6J6b07jl2PVKBlt597kIFQ6ZlDfYdXT5N4XLvqe0bHH0oUkVEcwPEZFg78iydstGZpNdXA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":64161633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64161633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"COAT.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64161633/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/64161633/COAT-libre.pdf?1597254415=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExtent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=KtSUWfPLRpwpcUQbECNNL9O5kNXVNfVAY8FAob6hSoy-HmQJtVLNm7q5YGg3s6uCHH0BFOGJsZC4e54djkFXiAhiWtCu6~EwLWad-9EFwoSKln4TeoN7zF9cC~ZzQ0z7yn9~QzrJw82FAhL-E~8FwBt1E~yrrxOlD-sSXDT~mW3fxE1wOJ7G2gAxhMCR83HdigRh5nc0ItL-tWwudjfe12SIG9pW1eCL3vtGxZKFnl~70akgbR4RME-jfv30M66Nu1ifeiBzKbfR9dsj6J6b07jl2PVKBlt597kIFQ6ZlDfYdXT5N4XLvqe0bHH0oUkVEcwPEZFg78iydstGZpNdXA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":428155,"name":"MSMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSMEs"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42116038"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42116038/DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY_IN_MSMEs_AN_INTER_DISTRICT_AND_INTER_STATE_ANALYSIS_WITH_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_ODISHA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62249451/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42116038/DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY_IN_MSMEs_AN_INTER_DISTRICT_AND_INTER_STATE_ANALYSIS_WITH_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_ODISHA">DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bjbcollege.academia.edu/manindrahanhaga">Manindra Hanhaga</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain">Kiranbala Swain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the mo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the most vibrant and sensitive sectors. The significance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is attributable to its capacity of employment generation, low capital and technology requirement, use of traditional or inherited skill, use of local resources, mobilization of resources and exportability of products. The entrepreneurship in MSMEs plays a leading role in promoting equitable economic and social development of the country.ThoughMSMEs promotion has remainedin focus of Indian development strategy in most of the Five-Year Plans, the progress of Indian MSMEs is not as expected due to several hurdles that they face. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major concern of bringing socioeconomic equality in the country and particularly in Odisha. This paper examines the existence of disparityingrowth of MSMEs entrepreneurial activity throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha as well as in India. More particularly it examines the changing dimension of entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. This study also finds the important causes of existence of such entrepreneurial disparity in MSME sector. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), arithmetic mean and coefficient of variation (CV)have been used to analyse the secondary data collected from various trusted sources to find out entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of this inequality in Odisha as well as India.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="235ddb3edc84d74fa1dba9f4fd9f5f6e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62249451,"asset_id":42116038,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62249451/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42116038"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42116038"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42116038; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42116038]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42116038]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42116038; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42116038']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42116038, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "235ddb3edc84d74fa1dba9f4fd9f5f6e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42116038]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42116038,"title":"DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the most vibrant and sensitive sectors. The significance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is attributable to its capacity of employment generation, low capital and technology requirement, use of traditional or inherited skill, use of local resources, mobilization of resources and exportability of products. The entrepreneurship in MSMEs plays a leading role in promoting equitable economic and social development of the country.ThoughMSMEs promotion has remainedin focus of Indian development strategy in most of the Five-Year Plans, the progress of Indian MSMEs is not as expected due to several hurdles that they face. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major concern of bringing socioeconomic equality in the country and particularly in Odisha. This paper examines the existence of disparityingrowth of MSMEs entrepreneurial activity throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha as well as in India. More particularly it examines the changing dimension of entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. This study also finds the important causes of existence of such entrepreneurial disparity in MSME sector. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), arithmetic mean and coefficient of variation (CV)have been used to analyse the secondary data collected from various trusted sources to find out entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of this inequality in Odisha as well as India."},"translated_abstract":"In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the most vibrant and sensitive sectors. The significance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is attributable to its capacity of employment generation, low capital and technology requirement, use of traditional or inherited skill, use of local resources, mobilization of resources and exportability of products. The entrepreneurship in MSMEs plays a leading role in promoting equitable economic and social development of the country.ThoughMSMEs promotion has remainedin focus of Indian development strategy in most of the Five-Year Plans, the progress of Indian MSMEs is not as expected due to several hurdles that they face. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major concern of bringing socioeconomic equality in the country and particularly in Odisha. This paper examines the existence of disparityingrowth of MSMEs entrepreneurial activity throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha as well as in India. More particularly it examines the changing dimension of entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. This study also finds the important causes of existence of such entrepreneurial disparity in MSME sector. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), arithmetic mean and coefficient of variation (CV)have been used to analyse the secondary data collected from various trusted sources to find out entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of this inequality in Odisha as well as India.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42116038/DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY_IN_MSMEs_AN_INTER_DISTRICT_AND_INTER_STATE_ANALYSIS_WITH_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_ODISHA","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-03-02T04:09:09.619-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":146409985,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":33807092,"work_id":42116038,"tagging_user_id":146409985,"tagged_user_id":147971305,"co_author_invite_id":6983436,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","display_order":-4,"name":"Rajat Kumar Mallick","title":"DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA"},{"id":33807093,"work_id":42116038,"tagging_user_id":146409985,"tagged_user_id":118362479,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***0@gmail.com","display_order":-3,"name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","title":"DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA"},{"id":33807094,"work_id":42116038,"tagging_user_id":146409985,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":-2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA"},{"id":33807095,"work_id":42116038,"tagging_user_id":146409985,"tagged_user_id":103778528,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***a@gmail.com","display_order":-1,"name":"Manindra Hanhaga","title":"DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62249451,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62249451/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1120200302-101933-m2oonx.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62249451/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62249451/1120200302-101933-m2oonx-libre.pdf?1583153156=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=QpbB7H3z13-FhPoUwT8Vc20xWhcePJj-7tWws~4lPND58nb2kFE2yTaelnIhDpb7Vcs8UaVVYlPbv0ex5GD7V6piLMtFGt3b9NHKHyDSUj3kNydr~gijgVw~QCXwLuXpTrG3E1XHEzCW755QSQzSkNo51vaBQe4f~nDYEOzVCtzEjmhl4lV-mDoofRSz-O44vUIO3R6U2kXP~U1iJL12Ov7yligob2kD0qEQw8cfdg0g4uUNN3N9LO7wFxIPVkuLw84FtgZGBWVLH~2QtGGGqdOOAnE~QzCqb1B2z8JGJU4ZFZ--hP1ZqFBZYd9C4NBgDMTaSsgMjKqtu8irCKJf2g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY_IN_MSMEs_AN_INTER_DISTRICT_AND_INTER_STATE_ANALYSIS_WITH_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_ODISHA","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":146409985,"first_name":"Kiranbala","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Swain","page_name":"KiranbalaSwain","domain_name":"nou","created_at":"2020-02-18T23:07:23.325-08:00","display_name":"Kiranbala Swain","url":"https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain"},"attachments":[{"id":62249451,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62249451/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1120200302-101933-m2oonx.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62249451/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62249451/1120200302-101933-m2oonx-libre.pdf?1583153156=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=QpbB7H3z13-FhPoUwT8Vc20xWhcePJj-7tWws~4lPND58nb2kFE2yTaelnIhDpb7Vcs8UaVVYlPbv0ex5GD7V6piLMtFGt3b9NHKHyDSUj3kNydr~gijgVw~QCXwLuXpTrG3E1XHEzCW755QSQzSkNo51vaBQe4f~nDYEOzVCtzEjmhl4lV-mDoofRSz-O44vUIO3R6U2kXP~U1iJL12Ov7yligob2kD0qEQw8cfdg0g4uUNN3N9LO7wFxIPVkuLw84FtgZGBWVLH~2QtGGGqdOOAnE~QzCqb1B2z8JGJU4ZFZ--hP1ZqFBZYd9C4NBgDMTaSsgMjKqtu8irCKJf2g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":741351,"name":"Social Sector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sector"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40829292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40829292/Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_and_Post_Reform_Era"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61113115/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40829292/Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_and_Post_Reform_Era">Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://centraluniversityorissa.academia.edu/RASHMITAKHATEI">RASHMITA KHATEI</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. This p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. This paper analyses the performance of India's foreign trade using the time series data from the period 1970-71 to 2017-18. The Govt. of India introduced the New Economic Policy since 1991 especially in the foreign trade sector, therefore, in order to examine the impact of economic reforms on India's foreign trade, the time period has been divided into pre-reform periods (1970-71 to 1990-91) and post-reform periods (1991-92 to 2017-18). This study examines annual growth rate of exports and imports, the share of exports and imports to GDP of India, exports volume Index and imports volume index in pre and post reform period and it reveals that the growth rate of imports is higher in comparison to the growth rate of exports during post reform periods. Trade deficit continues to increase in post reform era due to high growth rate of imports.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7b2b4736ef44bb0ecae2b92159933423" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61113115,"asset_id":40829292,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61113115/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40829292"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40829292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40829292; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40829292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40829292]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40829292; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40829292']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40829292, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7b2b4736ef44bb0ecae2b92159933423" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40829292]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40829292,"title":"Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39895936"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39895936/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60081550/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39895936/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India">An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://centraluniversityorissa.academia.edu/RASHMITAKHATEI">RASHMITA KHATEI</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IJRSR</span><span>, May 28, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of econ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of economic health of states and as a whole of the country. It helps to describe the status of public welfare of the states and overall picture of the economy. But there is uneven growth of state domestic product (SDP) of Indian states which is a constraint on the overall growth of India鈥檚 gross domestic product (GDP). The growth of most of the Indian states is found to be featured with instability and volatility. This paper examines the extent of disparity in growth of state domestic products of different Indian states and also examines the trends of growth of GDP of India over a period of time. It also compares the growth trend of real GDP and nominal GDP of India. The annual growth rate (AGR) of state domestic product at constant prices (2011-12) of year-to-year for different states in India is used as a measure of disparity and volatility. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources to find out the uneven growth of state domestic product at constant price in India. This study reveals that the growth is inconsistent in different states in India as well as in GDP of India and it is due to uneven distribution of economic activities among the states as well as across the country.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3606d9f059ab3085ac2a9ec805de1e18" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60081550,"asset_id":39895936,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60081550/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39895936"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39895936"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39895936; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39895936]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39895936]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39895936; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39895936']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39895936, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3606d9f059ab3085ac2a9ec805de1e18" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39895936]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39895936,"title":"An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1005.3516","issue":"5(H)","volume":"10","abstract":"The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of economic health of states and as a whole of the country. It helps to describe the status of public welfare of the states and overall picture of the economy. But there is uneven growth of state domestic product (SDP) of Indian states which is a constraint on the overall growth of India鈥檚 gross domestic product (GDP). The growth of most of the Indian states is found to be featured with instability and volatility. This paper examines the extent of disparity in growth of state domestic products of different Indian states and also examines the trends of growth of GDP of India over a period of time. It also compares the growth trend of real GDP and nominal GDP of India. The annual growth rate (AGR) of state domestic product at constant prices (2011-12) of year-to-year for different states in India is used as a measure of disparity and volatility. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources to find out the uneven growth of state domestic product at constant price in India. 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This paper examines the extent of disparity in growth of state domestic products of different Indian states and also examines the trends of growth of GDP of India over a period of time. It also compares the growth trend of real GDP and nominal GDP of India. The annual growth rate (AGR) of state domestic product at constant prices (2011-12) of year-to-year for different states in India is used as a measure of disparity and volatility. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources to find out the uneven growth of state domestic product at constant price in India. This study reveals that the growth is inconsistent in different states in India as well as in GDP of India and it is due to uneven distribution of economic activities among the states as well as across the country.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39895936/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-07-22T08:44:40.374-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32840936,"work_id":39895936,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India"},{"id":32840937,"work_id":39895936,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":6877449,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60081550,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60081550/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60081550/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60081550/13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb-libre.pdf?1563811838=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=MN6HAnr3KVKccTfophx6uNfgpT-o84K~QDE4NwG14qDle8wzx435h6-j6B5c1VXjQ47ZsVX4QK-CPWMo20NZZ14MHnuYlOTPlEkruJtiCwI7pD-gjYuk7sVjCYAOHTQ1inbKC4WyS~g1Lyg-a5UQGQrxrlxAJlnrWqRNWmV0dZbVog4P40r~Q0Yqh6mTHIu-RhXSb9hAXOUiZgdfLm6~tjOib4COfkNVfaSwSQtEkkumNCsut4irRZ1ppB3rUckNVQQShZS6kbQ~Mq~OR81IV9xE-Y9-zBArRLO7uhD5LChjyJB1a~IrTLGilqTvLdglbJ9AmYARJK3by5DXZ0n7BQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":60081550,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60081550/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60081550/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60081550/13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb-libre.pdf?1563811838=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=MN6HAnr3KVKccTfophx6uNfgpT-o84K~QDE4NwG14qDle8wzx435h6-j6B5c1VXjQ47ZsVX4QK-CPWMo20NZZ14MHnuYlOTPlEkruJtiCwI7pD-gjYuk7sVjCYAOHTQ1inbKC4WyS~g1Lyg-a5UQGQrxrlxAJlnrWqRNWmV0dZbVog4P40r~Q0Yqh6mTHIu-RhXSb9hAXOUiZgdfLm6~tjOib4COfkNVfaSwSQtEkkumNCsut4irRZ1ppB3rUckNVQQShZS6kbQ~Mq~OR81IV9xE-Y9-zBArRLO7uhD5LChjyJB1a~IrTLGilqTvLdglbJ9AmYARJK3by5DXZ0n7BQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1531894,"name":"Macroeconomics/International Economics/Growth and Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics_International_Economics_Growth_and_Development"}],"urls":[{"id":8815701,"url":"https://www.recentscientific.com/sites/default/files/13602-A-2019.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Books" id="Books"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Books by Pragyan Parimita Nayak</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99120292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99120292/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100291197/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99120292/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India">Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bluerose Publishers</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue in Indian economy. Furthermore, it also makes an empirical investigation on causality between government spending and tax revenues in the Indian economy over the period 1970-71 to 2020-21. However, tax revenue includes both<br />direct and indirect tax in India. Over the study period, however, the analysis reveals that there is a short-run as well as a long-run relationship between government expenditure, direct tax, and indirect tax revenues. In India, there is also unidirectional causality extending from government expenditure to indirect tax revenue. Therefore, the government should reduce budgetary deficit by curtailing unproductive expenditure while also maintaining optimal resource utilisation and reducing the burden of indirect taxation on people. However, in order to cover growing government expenditures without imposing additional tax burdens on people, the government should rely on non-tax revenue sources.<br /><br />Keywords: Direct tax, Government expenditure and Indirect tax</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e6b1e7b3671d5bc0b5c4a24d8a312321" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100291197,"asset_id":99120292,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100291197/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99120292"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99120292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99120292; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99120292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99120292]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99120292; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99120292']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 99120292, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e6b1e7b3671d5bc0b5c4a24d8a312321" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99120292]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99120292,"title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue in Indian economy. Furthermore, it also makes an empirical investigation on causality between government spending and tax revenues in the Indian economy over the period 1970-71 to 2020-21. However, tax revenue includes both\ndirect and indirect tax in India. Over the study period, however, the analysis reveals that there is a short-run as well as a long-run relationship between government expenditure, direct tax, and indirect tax revenues. In India, there is also unidirectional causality extending from government expenditure to indirect tax revenue. Therefore, the government should reduce budgetary deficit by curtailing unproductive expenditure while also maintaining optimal resource utilisation and reducing the burden of indirect taxation on people. However, in order to cover growing government expenditures without imposing additional tax burdens on people, the government should rely on non-tax revenue sources.\n\nKeywords: Direct tax, Government expenditure and Indirect tax","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bluerose Publishers"},"translated_abstract":"The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue in Indian economy. Furthermore, it also makes an empirical investigation on causality between government spending and tax revenues in the Indian economy over the period 1970-71 to 2020-21. However, tax revenue includes both\ndirect and indirect tax in India. Over the study period, however, the analysis reveals that there is a short-run as well as a long-run relationship between government expenditure, direct tax, and indirect tax revenues. In India, there is also unidirectional causality extending from government expenditure to indirect tax revenue. Therefore, the government should reduce budgetary deficit by curtailing unproductive expenditure while also maintaining optimal resource utilisation and reducing the burden of indirect taxation on people. However, in order to cover growing government expenditures without imposing additional tax burdens on people, the government should rely on non-tax revenue sources.\n\nKeywords: Direct tax, Government expenditure and Indirect tax","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99120292/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-26T07:31:45.470-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39668551,"work_id":99120292,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":39436535,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***i@rediffmail.com","affiliation":"North Orissa University","display_order":-1,"name":"Minati Mallick","title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India"},{"id":39668552,"work_id":99120292,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":47565276,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"P***i@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Pranati Palai","title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India"},{"id":39669252,"work_id":99120292,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":147971305,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Rajat Kumar Mallick","title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100291197,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100291197/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100291197/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100291197/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India-libre.pdf?1679847784=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRevisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=KylxWIZrWQ3ypKPCraclYkJNQ4Ekfvp4EtFdqfko5~SPztCn-vBWfyhivRizkEJeg-oFG8Qeb6yOtSz7GZdCOvS1v~ocsNHz3jDr1~~GO5wnlCb66Uu-Go-m8X2oW4Mi-4oPOl9zYJn5AbAcEc5aZK7egi4ICpumhvf9oCVvLqyIMbr8NS~1diU8KSZtc6s9QgRv4SyElgN-2O3lein-ec5cfSrz~OhGFynMlpht47si~0rg8YxbtA4dRuNRpa0SfJ~zknIcMZK5V64PfmDZlWJgcY9UOmlL3aZTMjvFP~ejS-0-YLaInD9f32rcXwuLBRj3OGMvLYvW-5F4U8BgKg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":29,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":100291197,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100291197/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100291197/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100291197/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India-libre.pdf?1679847784=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRevisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=KylxWIZrWQ3ypKPCraclYkJNQ4Ekfvp4EtFdqfko5~SPztCn-vBWfyhivRizkEJeg-oFG8Qeb6yOtSz7GZdCOvS1v~ocsNHz3jDr1~~GO5wnlCb66Uu-Go-m8X2oW4Mi-4oPOl9zYJn5AbAcEc5aZK7egi4ICpumhvf9oCVvLqyIMbr8NS~1diU8KSZtc6s9QgRv4SyElgN-2O3lein-ec5cfSrz~OhGFynMlpht47si~0rg8YxbtA4dRuNRpa0SfJ~zknIcMZK5V64PfmDZlWJgcY9UOmlL3aZTMjvFP~ejS-0-YLaInD9f32rcXwuLBRj3OGMvLYvW-5F4U8BgKg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":764,"name":"Macroeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics"},{"id":444535,"name":"MSME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSME"},{"id":741351,"name":"Social Sector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sector"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="79703523"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/79703523/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86328223/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/79703523/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development">Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sustainability in 21st Century: The Changing Paradigm of Business Decisions</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. The existence of mass unemployment and under employment is one of the major concerns for future development that puts challenges for sustainable development. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) plays an important role in reducing unemployment and economic backwardness in a region and promotes sustainable development. But MSME sector, despite its major contribution to national economy suffers from numerous problems whereas major concern is availability and accessibility of finance for investment purpose. The sources like commercial banks, Non-Banking Financial Institution as well as microfinance have a crucial role in provision of credit to MSMEs. The present study investigates the nexus between investment and employment generation in MSME sector in Odisha and in India. Moreover, it discusses the role of microfinance for development of these enterprises. The secondary data have been gathered from the various annual reports of Ministry of MSME, Government of India and Odisha, Economic Survey of GoI and GoO whereas linear regression analysis and simple statistical devices are used to analyse the data. The study reveals that growth of units and investments have a significant impact on employment in the MSMEs sector in Odisha and India. It can be also stated that investment in MSME sectors has a significant impact on growth of MSME units. Hence it is critical for the growth of MSMEs and in turn for employment generation.<br />Keywords: Employment, Investment, Microfinance, MSMEs & Sustainable development.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a6742066b9abd21b2e2e20255f450ba9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86328223,"asset_id":79703523,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86328223/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="79703523"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79703523"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79703523; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79703523]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79703523]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79703523; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='79703523']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79703523, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a6742066b9abd21b2e2e20255f450ba9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=79703523]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":79703523,"title":"Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. The existence of mass unemployment and under employment is one of the major concerns for future development that puts challenges for sustainable development. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) plays an important role in reducing unemployment and economic backwardness in a region and promotes sustainable development. But MSME sector, despite its major contribution to national economy suffers from numerous problems whereas major concern is availability and accessibility of finance for investment purpose. The sources like commercial banks, Non-Banking Financial Institution as well as microfinance have a crucial role in provision of credit to MSMEs. The present study investigates the nexus between investment and employment generation in MSME sector in Odisha and in India. Moreover, it discusses the role of microfinance for development of these enterprises. The secondary data have been gathered from the various annual reports of Ministry of MSME, Government of India and Odisha, Economic Survey of GoI and GoO whereas linear regression analysis and simple statistical devices are used to analyse the data. The study reveals that growth of units and investments have a significant impact on employment in the MSMEs sector in Odisha and India. It can be also stated that investment in MSME sectors has a significant impact on growth of MSME units. Hence it is critical for the growth of MSMEs and in turn for employment generation.\nKeywords: Employment, Investment, Microfinance, MSMEs \u0026 Sustainable development.\n","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Sustainability in 21st Century: The Changing Paradigm of Business Decisions"},"translated_abstract":"Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. The existence of mass unemployment and under employment is one of the major concerns for future development that puts challenges for sustainable development. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) plays an important role in reducing unemployment and economic backwardness in a region and promotes sustainable development. But MSME sector, despite its major contribution to national economy suffers from numerous problems whereas major concern is availability and accessibility of finance for investment purpose. The sources like commercial banks, Non-Banking Financial Institution as well as microfinance have a crucial role in provision of credit to MSMEs. The present study investigates the nexus between investment and employment generation in MSME sector in Odisha and in India. Moreover, it discusses the role of microfinance for development of these enterprises. The secondary data have been gathered from the various annual reports of Ministry of MSME, Government of India and Odisha, Economic Survey of GoI and GoO whereas linear regression analysis and simple statistical devices are used to analyse the data. The study reveals that growth of units and investments have a significant impact on employment in the MSMEs sector in Odisha and India. It can be also stated that investment in MSME sectors has a significant impact on growth of MSME units. Hence it is critical for the growth of MSMEs and in turn for employment generation.\nKeywords: Employment, Investment, Microfinance, MSMEs \u0026 Sustainable development.\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79703523/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-05-22T23:14:58.688-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":38269994,"work_id":79703523,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":39436535,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***i@rediffmail.com","affiliation":"North Orissa University","display_order":-1,"name":"Minati Mallick","title":"Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86328223,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86328223/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86328223/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86328223/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development-libre.pdf?1653287051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrofinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=GRfBO2D2S3TesqiYP~skCRVx4whbjfMM6SF0oGG6uBYzu-0SdbsMGjtCFQicmjTskZnSsP3DQCQ9KMFbcXiNMYUjuc2xr7-Y5nDKbDZbrgjzQbQp~AL-yhs8V42FLuXUc6096Hwjc54GZC98ivg83DSkQkwhR8Hi2BrHnLggBQZhMb1x9B~JAwd251J5DuNbz2GgVBnOWB2MNWKWzhcCeENoxlULT-1hVQOSD87GxN-fbFgiH2wpOO32tMlBAyswTTc6t7XRrFkf7m487p7X2zIyQxf8z-cMsbDyC7Eyl8WjnYUQUvPSJULgWZx5avky4qIic4eHNzG5Q19U9Ak2pw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":86328223,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86328223/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86328223/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86328223/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development-libre.pdf?1653287051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrofinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=GRfBO2D2S3TesqiYP~skCRVx4whbjfMM6SF0oGG6uBYzu-0SdbsMGjtCFQicmjTskZnSsP3DQCQ9KMFbcXiNMYUjuc2xr7-Y5nDKbDZbrgjzQbQp~AL-yhs8V42FLuXUc6096Hwjc54GZC98ivg83DSkQkwhR8Hi2BrHnLggBQZhMb1x9B~JAwd251J5DuNbz2GgVBnOWB2MNWKWzhcCeENoxlULT-1hVQOSD87GxN-fbFgiH2wpOO32tMlBAyswTTc6t7XRrFkf7m487p7X2zIyQxf8z-cMsbDyC7Eyl8WjnYUQUvPSJULgWZx5avky4qIic4eHNzG5Q19U9Ak2pw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship"},{"id":764,"name":"Macroeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics"},{"id":428155,"name":"MSMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSMEs"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="9495350" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="122467544"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/122467544/Women_Entrepreneurs_in_MSME_Sector_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Women Entrepreneurs in MSME Sector in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117125011/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/122467544/Women_Entrepreneurs_in_MSME_Sector_in_India">Women Entrepreneurs in MSME Sector in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Orissa journal of commerce</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="56686be9ca2fbb076300a9a97770f8fc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117125011,"asset_id":122467544,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117125011/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122467544"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122467544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122467544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122467544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122467544]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122467544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122467544']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 122467544, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "56686be9ca2fbb076300a9a97770f8fc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=122467544]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":122467544,"title":"Women Entrepreneurs in MSME Sector in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Entrepreneurship is a crucial tool for economic growth, particularly women entrepreneurship in the case of emerging economies like India. Moreover Women Entrepreneurship is considered as a potent toolfor empowering women and that their combined forces can solve a wide range of socioeconomic issues in developing nations. Although women account for around 50 percent of the world's population, there is a significant discrepancy between male and female entrepreneurship. The present study explores the prevalence of the gender inequality of MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) entrepreneurship and, more particularly, the growth of women entrepreneurs under Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) in India. The study employed statistical tools like two tailed independent large sample and unpaired t-Test, coefficient of variation (CV) and annual growth rate (AGR). 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99067126"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99067126/Tax_Revenue_and_Economic_Growth_Nexus_in_India_An_ARDL_Bounds_Testing_Approach"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tax Revenue and Economic Growth Nexus in India: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100252390/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99067126/Tax_Revenue_and_Economic_Growth_Nexus_in_India_An_ARDL_Bounds_Testing_Approach">Tax Revenue and Economic Growth Nexus in India: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PranatiPalai">Pranati Palai</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Orissa journal of commerce</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="09addab24a6db8a7ea95352a7394d1ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100252390,"asset_id":99067126,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100252390/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99067126"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99067126"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99067126; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93002154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93002154/Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Productivity_in_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100252469/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93002154/Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Productivity_in_Odisha">Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Malaysian Business Management Journal</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown acr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown across the state of Odisha from 1970-71 to 2019-20. For analysing growth performance and comparing yield of important crops in Odisha, the research applies statistical methods such as annual growth rate (AGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and ordinary least square method (OLS) of regression. On the other hand, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the instability index (Cuddy & Valle, 1978) have been used to investigate the state鈥檚 crop productivity instability. The study reveals the fact that the selected categories of crops which include cereals, oilseeds, pulses, food grains, fibres and small millets have not been experienced with steady annual growth rate from 1970-71 to 2019-20 rather they have been featured with high volatility. Moreover, the high degree of instability is evident in productivity of specified crop categories in Odisha. To boost agricultural production rates, it ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="721c3dfdd853faf7b83bbfe9802e746f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100252469,"asset_id":93002154,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100252469/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93002154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93002154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93002154; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93002154]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93002154]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93002154; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93002154']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 93002154, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "721c3dfdd853faf7b83bbfe9802e746f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=93002154]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":93002154,"title":"Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown across the state of Odisha from 1970-71 to 2019-20. For analysing growth performance and comparing yield of important crops in Odisha, the research applies statistical methods such as annual growth rate (AGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and ordinary least square method (OLS) of regression. On the other hand, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the instability index (Cuddy \u0026 Valle, 1978) have been used to investigate the state鈥檚 crop productivity instability. The study reveals the fact that the selected categories of crops which include cereals, oilseeds, pulses, food grains, fibres and small millets have not been experienced with steady annual growth rate from 1970-71 to 2019-20 rather they have been featured with high volatility. Moreover, the high degree of instability is evident in productivity of specified crop categories in Odisha. To boost agricultural production rates, it ...","publisher":"ZIbeline International Publishing","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Malaysian Business Management Journal"},"translated_abstract":"The present study analyses the productivity growth performance of major crop categories grown across the state of Odisha from 1970-71 to 2019-20. For analysing growth performance and comparing yield of important crops in Odisha, the research applies statistical methods such as annual growth rate (AGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and ordinary least square method (OLS) of regression. On the other hand, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the instability index (Cuddy \u0026 Valle, 1978) have been used to investigate the state鈥檚 crop productivity instability. The study reveals the fact that the selected categories of crops which include cereals, oilseeds, pulses, food grains, fibres and small millets have not been experienced with steady annual growth rate from 1970-71 to 2019-20 rather they have been featured with high volatility. Moreover, the high degree of instability is evident in productivity of specified crop categories in Odisha. To boost agricultural production rates, it ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93002154/Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Productivity_in_Odisha","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-15T23:01:31.003-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":39216261,"work_id":93002154,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":147971305,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Rajat Kumar Mallick","title":"Revisiting the Status of Agricultural Productivity in Odisha"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100252469,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100252469/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1mbmj2022_40_46.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100252469/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Pr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100252469/1mbmj2022_40_46-libre.pdf?1679738813=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRevisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Pr.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=Mvk1QhzotQmUSj29G0NThW4jPg23vpPR8Lj0wvccIjBzJ5ueW4izOpEHPigWFtgHzNtNfikCL6MdFA6YEeNuE0V6aHTGqMueb8anzUbvjYPJSygrnqaH7YIBIV5ke7K6W1BeOnbfOy~izj7Klv4puzhw3cl5WLOOca2RtjjVEBZoBTrDQcKUFLqtbzp97vjCJadX9Dlp9QnpMOHMJA4NJ0P19-U0Z5x22bp1EZJj9NEJclmW6aYBf2vnrhq7YrQ7CNxWmtjeeWmvnWhaohv8sf79Xaz0Eys1KADIbLV~1j7Zxt81x6wWlQwx77Oa9UTw1vq7puOCRrC-NtPyiXcvQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Productivity_in_Odisha","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":100252469,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100252469/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1mbmj2022_40_46.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100252469/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Revisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Pr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100252469/1mbmj2022_40_46-libre.pdf?1679738813=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRevisiting_the_Status_of_Agricultural_Pr.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=Mvk1QhzotQmUSj29G0NThW4jPg23vpPR8Lj0wvccIjBzJ5ueW4izOpEHPigWFtgHzNtNfikCL6MdFA6YEeNuE0V6aHTGqMueb8anzUbvjYPJSygrnqaH7YIBIV5ke7K6W1BeOnbfOy~izj7Klv4puzhw3cl5WLOOca2RtjjVEBZoBTrDQcKUFLqtbzp97vjCJadX9Dlp9QnpMOHMJA4NJ0P19-U0Z5x22bp1EZJj9NEJclmW6aYBf2vnrhq7YrQ7CNxWmtjeeWmvnWhaohv8sf79Xaz0Eys1KADIbLV~1j7Zxt81x6wWlQwx77Oa9UTw1vq7puOCRrC-NtPyiXcvQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="89201152"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/89201152/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93041942/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/89201152/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha">Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socio-economic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as inter-state disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity,...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f9e70fefe6933f379902b24711d92871" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93041942,"asset_id":89201152,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93041942/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="89201152"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="89201152"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89201152; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89201152]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=89201152]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 89201152; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='89201152']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 89201152, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f9e70fefe6933f379902b24711d92871" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=89201152]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":89201152,"title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. 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It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74108169"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74108169/Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82378991/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74108169/Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India">Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Odisha Journal of Commerce and Management</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and<br />inequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of<br />this inequality in India and Odisha.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="582ce07381d0ffe8ba106ac6a6fc15ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82378991,"asset_id":74108169,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82378991/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74108169"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74108169"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74108169; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74108169]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74108169]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74108169; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74108169']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74108169, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "582ce07381d0ffe8ba106ac6a6fc15ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74108169]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74108169,"title":"Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"1","volume":"V","abstract":"Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and\ninequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of\nthis inequality in India and Odisha.","page_numbers":"56-60","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Odisha Journal of Commerce and Management"},"translated_abstract":"Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and\ninequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of\nthis inequality in India and Odisha.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74108169/Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-03-19T23:00:49.161-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":37882887,"work_id":74108169,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India"},{"id":37882888,"work_id":74108169,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Entrepreneurship Disparity in MSME Sectors: A Concern to Odisha and India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82378991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82378991/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OJCM_DECEMBER2019.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82378991/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82378991/OJCM_DECEMBER2019-libre.pdf?1647756522=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEntrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=LjP6d11rEU-LkxY4eTUEYYDsUzGrS9bWqjC5lISEaO0FG19-cMpFxNgwARnvW2QtpJLT0lk2uNFC7sPSt87DMkr3tBQKqQH60LEyJ7AB2lGUhpEOKf39YN58tEW7QCMv7ESFUvauj6rxYd7KcdHkJWsO23F22UMUTyNW~ChUu1xk-9wGySF2ONdoot0sVpJs~gGvDPkuawhI9z~CGss5ADQUwvuLsxcX1alfLtUW2DjhFv84J~gdHrbf-c4NunXTfRRW9lkKVAhK5gytWLNLPC94-tB-2270nmQk7l~YKMdXLBoj6gMNaeABsWMzJIik1uNNf7yU3CStnZjl2ROPYA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Sectors_A_Concern_to_Odisha_and_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":82378991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82378991/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OJCM_DECEMBER2019.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82378991/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Entrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82378991/OJCM_DECEMBER2019-libre.pdf?1647756522=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEntrepreneurship_Disparity_in_MSME_Secto.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=LjP6d11rEU-LkxY4eTUEYYDsUzGrS9bWqjC5lISEaO0FG19-cMpFxNgwARnvW2QtpJLT0lk2uNFC7sPSt87DMkr3tBQKqQH60LEyJ7AB2lGUhpEOKf39YN58tEW7QCMv7ESFUvauj6rxYd7KcdHkJWsO23F22UMUTyNW~ChUu1xk-9wGySF2ONdoot0sVpJs~gGvDPkuawhI9z~CGss5ADQUwvuLsxcX1alfLtUW2DjhFv84J~gdHrbf-c4NunXTfRRW9lkKVAhK5gytWLNLPC94-tB-2270nmQk7l~YKMdXLBoj6gMNaeABsWMzJIik1uNNf7yU3CStnZjl2ROPYA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":444535,"name":"MSME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSME"},{"id":741351,"name":"Social Sector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sector"}],"urls":[{"id":18634326,"url":"https://www.gmuniversity.ac.in/documents/OJCM_DECEMBER2019.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="51078565"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/51078565/Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68933081/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/51078565/Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India">Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business sectors towards society. An effective CSR strategy promotes competitiveness of business sectors. Corporate social responsibility produces an overall positive impact on society as well as on business which bridges the gap of social inequality and it contributes to the growth and development of a country. In developing countries like India, there is increasing need of corporate social responsibility. This study examines the extent of CSR expenditure by public sector undertakings as well as non-public sector undertakings and analyses state-wise allocation of CSR expenditure in India. It also studies utilisation of CSR expenditure among different sectors and observes the women empowerment through corporate social responsibility in India. Statistical tools like arithmetic mean, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV), annual growth rate (AGR), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) have been used to analyze the secondary data from the year 2014-15 to 2018-19 collected from different authenticable sources. This study finds that CSR spending in India is not evenly distributed among different activities or sectors. There is existence of high degree variation in allocation of CSR expenditures among different states and UTs. Moreover, it is observed that very low percent of total CSR expenditure in India is channelized for women empowerment purpose.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe91cd43a2bd586d564acb7dda92d81a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68933081,"asset_id":51078565,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68933081/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="51078565"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51078565"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51078565; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51078565]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51078565]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51078565; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='51078565']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51078565, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe91cd43a2bd586d564acb7dda92d81a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=51078565]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":51078565,"title":"Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"I","volume":"VI","abstract":"Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business sectors towards society. An effective CSR strategy promotes competitiveness of business sectors. Corporate social responsibility produces an overall positive impact on society as well as on business which bridges the gap of social inequality and it contributes to the growth and development of a country. In developing countries like India, there is increasing need of corporate social responsibility. This study examines the extent of CSR expenditure by public sector undertakings as well as non-public sector undertakings and analyses state-wise allocation of CSR expenditure in India. It also studies utilisation of CSR expenditure among different sectors and observes the women empowerment through corporate social responsibility in India. Statistical tools like arithmetic mean, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV), annual growth rate (AGR), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) have been used to analyze the secondary data from the year 2014-15 to 2018-19 collected from different authenticable sources. This study finds that CSR spending in India is not evenly distributed among different activities or sectors. There is existence of high degree variation in allocation of CSR expenditures among different states and UTs. Moreover, it is observed that very low percent of total CSR expenditure in India is channelized for women empowerment purpose.","location":"Sambalpur","journal_name":"Odisha Journal of Commerce and Management","organization":"School of Commerce, Gangadhar Meher University, Amruta Vihar","page_numbers":"51-64","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":6,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a moral obligation as well as responsibility of business sectors towards society. An effective CSR strategy promotes competitiveness of business sectors. Corporate social responsibility produces an overall positive impact on society as well as on business which bridges the gap of social inequality and it contributes to the growth and development of a country. In developing countries like India, there is increasing need of corporate social responsibility. This study examines the extent of CSR expenditure by public sector undertakings as well as non-public sector undertakings and analyses state-wise allocation of CSR expenditure in India. It also studies utilisation of CSR expenditure among different sectors and observes the women empowerment through corporate social responsibility in India. Statistical tools like arithmetic mean, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV), annual growth rate (AGR), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) have been used to analyze the secondary data from the year 2014-15 to 2018-19 collected from different authenticable sources. This study finds that CSR spending in India is not evenly distributed among different activities or sectors. There is existence of high degree variation in allocation of CSR expenditures among different states and UTs. Moreover, it is observed that very low percent of total CSR expenditure in India is channelized for women empowerment purpose.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51078565/Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-08-29T06:56:52.195-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":36819249,"work_id":51078565,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Expenditure and its Execution for Women Empowerment in India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68933081,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68933081/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68933081/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68933081/Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment-libre.pdf?1630247729=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAnalysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=YiQr0EnG~Yvq2Dr6LdN3ZtlIuPKOIYAYM9pC8BYt69sfK6AFfXNr5CcrQKXBMfOnf7m0vdEqybqudmSHLN1-96I3RRougQD~0a1ipLsbm~DNAGzw~aC1xYDAhR30G9Yw7J8crET43VTv5-Fxv5XuKDMSQiW6tnOCcQ7byb7XTDiSSk-Gikv0RXFa6xwSjBeH-QjwUHVCRfE5wQCgwnBrty1WCZDAnpY9To6L9PebEHx~zYJAZhURrHvl5xuL9EUmLeEhF5bfCNv3bfbYElw8RZ0z1qU8Hcp0J5G9t~on43EVxDXfN5TJxIknbT4-fqXeh1TY1p5hy0RnsbTjAosL8g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_Expenditure_and_its_Execution_for_Women_Empowerment_in_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":68933081,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68933081/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68933081/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Analysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68933081/Final_Published_Paper_CSR_women_empowerment-libre.pdf?1630247729=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAnalysis_of_Corporate_Social_Responsibil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724855\u0026Signature=YiQr0EnG~Yvq2Dr6LdN3ZtlIuPKOIYAYM9pC8BYt69sfK6AFfXNr5CcrQKXBMfOnf7m0vdEqybqudmSHLN1-96I3RRougQD~0a1ipLsbm~DNAGzw~aC1xYDAhR30G9Yw7J8crET43VTv5-Fxv5XuKDMSQiW6tnOCcQ7byb7XTDiSSk-Gikv0RXFa6xwSjBeH-QjwUHVCRfE5wQCgwnBrty1WCZDAnpY9To6L9PebEHx~zYJAZhURrHvl5xuL9EUmLeEhF5bfCNv3bfbYElw8RZ0z1qU8Hcp0J5G9t~on43EVxDXfN5TJxIknbT4-fqXeh1TY1p5hy0RnsbTjAosL8g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74737,"name":"Socio Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio_Economics"},{"id":892228,"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Social_Responsibility_CSR_"}],"urls":[{"id":18634579,"url":"https://www.gmuniversity.ac.in/ojcm-archives.php"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="47755366"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/47755366/An_Empirical_Assessment_of_Growth_and_Performance_of_MSMEs_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Empirical Assessment of Growth and Performance of MSMEs in India with Special Reference to Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66697351/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/47755366/An_Empirical_Assessment_of_Growth_and_Performance_of_MSMEs_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha">An Empirical Assessment of Growth and Performance of MSMEs in India with Special Reference to Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bjbcollege.academia.edu/manindrahanhaga">Manindra Hanhaga</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain">Kiranbala Swain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the bac...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the back bone for economic growth and development of a developing country like India. The importance of MSMEs is attributable to their high employment potentialities, the requirement of low capital and technology, use of traditional or inherited skills, use of local resources, promotion of entrepreneurial skills, mobilization of resources, and exportability of products. MSMEs play a crucial role by providing economic justice through equitable distribution of income and wealth in a region and in turn reduce regional disparity in the country in general and in state in particular. MSMEs occupy a very important position in the Indian economy due to their major contribution in terms of output, exports, and employment which helps to solve a number of macroeconomic problems in the state of Odisha as well as in India. This paper examines and compares the growth and performance of MSMEs throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha and India. This study also focuses on the sector-wise composition of MSMEs in the state of Odisha and also analyses the extent of bank credit flow to these sectors. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), arithmetic mean (AM), coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of correlation are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various authenticable sources as per the requirement of objectives of the study.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="205741d27d3ddd9a49debd64f690f362" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66697351,"asset_id":47755366,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66697351/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="47755366"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47755366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47755366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47755366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47755366]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47755366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='47755366']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47755366, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "205741d27d3ddd9a49debd64f690f362" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=47755366]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":47755366,"title":"An Empirical Assessment of Growth and Performance of MSMEs in India with Special Reference to Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.17148/IARJSET.2021.8429","issue":"4","volume":"8","abstract":"Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the back bone for economic growth and development of a developing country like India. 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This study also focuses on the sector-wise composition of MSMEs in the state of Odisha and also analyses the extent of bank credit flow to these sectors. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), arithmetic mean (AM), coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of correlation are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various authenticable sources as per the requirement of objectives of the study.","journal_name":"International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology","page_numbers":"154-164","publication_date":{"day":27,"month":4,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are regarded as the primary engine as well as the back bone for economic growth and development of a developing country like India. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45590912"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45590912/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66071147/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45590912/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha">Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bjbcollege.academia.edu/manindrahanhaga">Manindra Hanhaga</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain">Kiranbala Swain</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socioeconomic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as interstate disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity, Sopher's disparity index has been used. Statistical tools like CV, arithmetic mean, range, and percentage have been also applied to analyse the secondary data collected from the census of Govt. of India.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1346a706cfc5a3953c91697a217465b1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66071147,"asset_id":45590912,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66071147/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45590912"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45590912"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45590912; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45590912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45590912]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45590912; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45590912']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45590912, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1346a706cfc5a3953c91697a217465b1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45590912]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45590912,"title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"3","volume":"9","abstract":"Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socioeconomic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as interstate disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity, Sopher's disparity index has been used. Statistical tools like CV, arithmetic mean, range, and percentage have been also applied to analyse the secondary data collected from the census of Govt. of India.","more_info":"www.ijcrt.org","journal_name":"International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, (2320-2882)","page_numbers":"2756-2765","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT"},"translated_abstract":"Literacy is an effective tool for human empowerment. The educated human being can enhance their skill as well as productivity, which in turn improves the quality of life. On the contrary, illiterate people suffer from the dark of ignorance. But the low literacy rate stands as a major obstacle to the development of a person and the country. Moreover, the presence of disparity in literacy in India brings regional imbalances in socioeconomic development. Literacy is unequally found among the sex, region, caste, and occupational groups of the population in India. In spite of several measures taken by both the Government of India and state Government of Odisha, the literacy rate remains to be uneven and low. This paper examines inter-districts disparity of literacy in Odisha as well as interstate disparity of literacy rate in India. It also focuses on discussing the presence of rural-urban and gender disparity in literacy in Odisha and India. In order to examine the literacy disparity, Sopher's disparity index has been used. Statistical tools like CV, arithmetic mean, range, and percentage have been also applied to analyse the secondary data collected from the census of Govt. of India.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45590912/Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-03-21T12:31:05.437-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":36365823,"work_id":45590912,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":118362479,"co_author_invite_id":7210803,"email":"p***0@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha"},{"id":36365824,"work_id":45590912,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha"},{"id":36365825,"work_id":45590912,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103778528,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***a@gmail.com","display_order":3,"name":"Manindra Hanhaga","title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha"},{"id":36365826,"work_id":45590912,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":146409985,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***1@gmail.com","affiliation":"North Orissa University","display_order":4,"name":"Kiranbala Swain","title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha"},{"id":36365827,"work_id":45590912,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":147971305,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","display_order":5,"name":"Rajat Kumar Mallick","title":"Gender and Rural-Urban Literacy Disparity in India with Special Reference to Odisha"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66071147,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66071147/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IJCRT2103338.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66071147/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66071147/IJCRT2103338-libre.pdf?1616357827=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=ZDc0z86Gv8eBAbn0Bnc2tZ-cXEX0bDJgXiXBoLC9QeTcFWaPt4b8~V1fUjihrTc7-DxM6208MHlscJo71NMYCz4ONRo5Ct-XngNAR3kH99JXaD55wcn2kYV9Pe3R4fjFiWP~DY7L~uy~yYiyAOsWH-XrAhVStS1HVOrgCv-dbBFOuCaoCDVk1wNtScKNjjCihpGI5ur3c0ghqHP9wUUMRJhIzgHuC3QbDEyyG6mAJT6K91sK4xen0OuNZ0C~ccYtrpCpL1gJCDnizRL9XgxqXP9CY-jHv3W6ZQaHZy2ufRpmqK5UEhMpU3D6YaYNJTnB5fVqyvTTTkdi2HA2Id1~bg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparity_in_India_with_Special_Reference_to_Odisha","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":66071147,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66071147/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"IJCRT2103338.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66071147/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Gender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66071147/IJCRT2103338-libre.pdf?1616357827=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGender_and_Rural_Urban_Literacy_Disparit.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=ZDc0z86Gv8eBAbn0Bnc2tZ-cXEX0bDJgXiXBoLC9QeTcFWaPt4b8~V1fUjihrTc7-DxM6208MHlscJo71NMYCz4ONRo5Ct-XngNAR3kH99JXaD55wcn2kYV9Pe3R4fjFiWP~DY7L~uy~yYiyAOsWH-XrAhVStS1HVOrgCv-dbBFOuCaoCDVk1wNtScKNjjCihpGI5ur3c0ghqHP9wUUMRJhIzgHuC3QbDEyyG6mAJT6K91sK4xen0OuNZ0C~ccYtrpCpL1gJCDnizRL9XgxqXP9CY-jHv3W6ZQaHZy2ufRpmqK5UEhMpU3D6YaYNJTnB5fVqyvTTTkdi2HA2Id1~bg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":858,"name":"Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literacy"},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education"},{"id":444535,"name":"MSME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSME"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="43841830"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/43841830/Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64161633/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/43841830/Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha">Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tribal Studies: A Journal of COATS (TSJCOATS)</span><span>, Dec 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also a sharp instrument for reducing socio economic disparity in a state as well as in a country. The reduction of educational disparity builds the path towards growth and development of society. The presence of educational inequalities is one of the chronic diseases in the socio-economic body of the state or nation. In post independent period the government implemented several schemes for removing educational inequalities among different parts of country as well as in states and more particularly, for the up-liftment of tribal people, but the tribal people leg behind the general population group. Odisha is known as home land of tribal people with total tribal population 9590756. Moreover, the tribal population constitute 22.8% to total population of Odisha (Census Report 2011). But they are neither able to reap the fruits of development are actively involved in the main stream of development. It is due to the presence of educational backwardness among tribal people. The objective of the present paper is to examine the literacy status of tribal people as compared to other social groups in scheduled districts of Odisha. This study also analyses and compares the literacy status of tribal people in scheduled districts with non-scheduled districts of Odisha. Further it is observed that more gender biased literacy rate is found among the tribal people in scheduled districts as compared to non-scheduled districts. This paper uses secondary data which are collected from the census of India, Economic Survey of Odisha, annual reports of Ministry of Tribal welfare and Department of Education in India to find out reasons for low level of literacy and educational backwardness among tribal people and to suggest some possible measures for their educational development.<br />Key Words: Scheduled districts; Non scheduled districts; Literacy; Gender: Scheduled tribes, JEL Code: I210, I240</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4bcba1ad21b67b5319a9b3abb4de7ff1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":64161633,"asset_id":43841830,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64161633/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="43841830"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43841830"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43841830; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43841830]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43841830]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43841830; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='43841830']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43841830, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4bcba1ad21b67b5319a9b3abb4de7ff1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=43841830]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":43841830,"title":"Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha","translated_title":"","metadata":{"issue":"2","volume":"8","abstract":"Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also a sharp instrument for reducing socio economic disparity in a state as well as in a country. The reduction of educational disparity builds the path towards growth and development of society. The presence of educational inequalities is one of the chronic diseases in the socio-economic body of the state or nation. In post independent period the government implemented several schemes for removing educational inequalities among different parts of country as well as in states and more particularly, for the up-liftment of tribal people, but the tribal people leg behind the general population group. Odisha is known as home land of tribal people with total tribal population 9590756. Moreover, the tribal population constitute 22.8% to total population of Odisha (Census Report 2011). But they are neither able to reap the fruits of development are actively involved in the main stream of development. It is due to the presence of educational backwardness among tribal people. The objective of the present paper is to examine the literacy status of tribal people as compared to other social groups in scheduled districts of Odisha. This study also analyses and compares the literacy status of tribal people in scheduled districts with non-scheduled districts of Odisha. Further it is observed that more gender biased literacy rate is found among the tribal people in scheduled districts as compared to non-scheduled districts. This paper uses secondary data which are collected from the census of India, Economic Survey of Odisha, annual reports of Ministry of Tribal welfare and Department of Education in India to find out reasons for low level of literacy and educational backwardness among tribal people and to suggest some possible measures for their educational development.\nKey Words: Scheduled districts; Non scheduled districts; Literacy; Gender: Scheduled tribes, JEL Code: I210, I240 \n","location":"Koraput","journal_name":"Tribal Studies: A Journal of COATS (TSJCOATS)","organization":"Council of Analytical Tribal Studies (COATS)","page_numbers":"88-97","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":12,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Tribal Studies: A Journal of COATS (TSJCOATS)"},"translated_abstract":"Education is the most powerful ingredient of growth and development of human society. It is also a sharp instrument for reducing socio economic disparity in a state as well as in a country. 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The objective of the present paper is to examine the literacy status of tribal people as compared to other social groups in scheduled districts of Odisha. This study also analyses and compares the literacy status of tribal people in scheduled districts with non-scheduled districts of Odisha. Further it is observed that more gender biased literacy rate is found among the tribal people in scheduled districts as compared to non-scheduled districts. This paper uses secondary data which are collected from the census of India, Economic Survey of Odisha, annual reports of Ministry of Tribal welfare and Department of Education in India to find out reasons for low level of literacy and educational backwardness among tribal people and to suggest some possible measures for their educational development.\nKey Words: Scheduled districts; Non scheduled districts; Literacy; Gender: Scheduled tribes, JEL Code: I210, I240 \n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43841830/Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-08-12T10:10:06.532-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":35536168,"work_id":43841830,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha"},{"id":35536169,"work_id":43841830,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"Extent of Educational Backwardness Among Tribal People: A Comparison Between Scheduled and Non Scheduled Districts of Odisha"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64161633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64161633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"COAT.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64161633/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/64161633/COAT-libre.pdf?1597254415=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExtent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=KtSUWfPLRpwpcUQbECNNL9O5kNXVNfVAY8FAob6hSoy-HmQJtVLNm7q5YGg3s6uCHH0BFOGJsZC4e54djkFXiAhiWtCu6~EwLWad-9EFwoSKln4TeoN7zF9cC~ZzQ0z7yn9~QzrJw82FAhL-E~8FwBt1E~yrrxOlD-sSXDT~mW3fxE1wOJ7G2gAxhMCR83HdigRh5nc0ItL-tWwudjfe12SIG9pW1eCL3vtGxZKFnl~70akgbR4RME-jfv30M66Nu1ifeiBzKbfR9dsj6J6b07jl2PVKBlt597kIFQ6ZlDfYdXT5N4XLvqe0bHH0oUkVEcwPEZFg78iydstGZpNdXA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among_Tribal_People_A_Comparison_Between_Scheduled_and_Non_Scheduled_Districts_of_Odisha","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":64161633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64161633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"COAT.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64161633/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Extent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/64161633/COAT-libre.pdf?1597254415=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExtent_of_Educational_Backwardness_Among.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=KtSUWfPLRpwpcUQbECNNL9O5kNXVNfVAY8FAob6hSoy-HmQJtVLNm7q5YGg3s6uCHH0BFOGJsZC4e54djkFXiAhiWtCu6~EwLWad-9EFwoSKln4TeoN7zF9cC~ZzQ0z7yn9~QzrJw82FAhL-E~8FwBt1E~yrrxOlD-sSXDT~mW3fxE1wOJ7G2gAxhMCR83HdigRh5nc0ItL-tWwudjfe12SIG9pW1eCL3vtGxZKFnl~70akgbR4RME-jfv30M66Nu1ifeiBzKbfR9dsj6J6b07jl2PVKBlt597kIFQ6ZlDfYdXT5N4XLvqe0bHH0oUkVEcwPEZFg78iydstGZpNdXA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":428155,"name":"MSMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSMEs"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42116038"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42116038/DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY_IN_MSMEs_AN_INTER_DISTRICT_AND_INTER_STATE_ANALYSIS_WITH_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_ODISHA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62249451/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42116038/DIMENSIONS_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_DISPARITY_IN_MSMEs_AN_INTER_DISTRICT_AND_INTER_STATE_ANALYSIS_WITH_SPECIAL_REFERENCE_TO_ODISHA">DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bjbcollege.academia.edu/manindrahanhaga">Manindra Hanhaga</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nou.academia.edu/KiranbalaSwain">Kiranbala Swain</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the mo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the most vibrant and sensitive sectors. The significance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is attributable to its capacity of employment generation, low capital and technology requirement, use of traditional or inherited skill, use of local resources, mobilization of resources and exportability of products. The entrepreneurship in MSMEs plays a leading role in promoting equitable economic and social development of the country.ThoughMSMEs promotion has remainedin focus of Indian development strategy in most of the Five-Year Plans, the progress of Indian MSMEs is not as expected due to several hurdles that they face. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major concern of bringing socioeconomic equality in the country and particularly in Odisha. This paper examines the existence of disparityingrowth of MSMEs entrepreneurial activity throughout the length and breadth of the state Odisha as well as in India. More particularly it examines the changing dimension of entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. This study also finds the important causes of existence of such entrepreneurial disparity in MSME sector. Statistical devices like average annual growth rate (AAGR), compound annual growth rate (CAGR), arithmetic mean and coefficient of variation (CV)have been used to analyse the secondary data collected from various trusted sources to find out entrepreneurship disparity in MSME sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of this inequality in Odisha as well as India.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="235ddb3edc84d74fa1dba9f4fd9f5f6e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62249451,"asset_id":42116038,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62249451/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42116038"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42116038"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42116038; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42116038]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42116038]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42116038; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42116038']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42116038, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "235ddb3edc84d74fa1dba9f4fd9f5f6e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42116038]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42116038,"title":"DIMENSIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DISPARITY IN MSMEs: AN INTER-DISTRICT AND INTER-STATE ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ODISHA","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In a developing country like India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the most vibrant and sensitive sectors. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40829292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40829292/Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_and_Post_Reform_Era"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61113115/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40829292/Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_and_Post_Reform_Era">Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://centraluniversityorissa.academia.edu/RASHMITAKHATEI">RASHMITA KHATEI</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. This p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. This paper analyses the performance of India's foreign trade using the time series data from the period 1970-71 to 2017-18. The Govt. of India introduced the New Economic Policy since 1991 especially in the foreign trade sector, therefore, in order to examine the impact of economic reforms on India's foreign trade, the time period has been divided into pre-reform periods (1970-71 to 1990-91) and post-reform periods (1991-92 to 2017-18). This study examines annual growth rate of exports and imports, the share of exports and imports to GDP of India, exports volume Index and imports volume index in pre and post reform period and it reveals that the growth rate of imports is higher in comparison to the growth rate of exports during post reform periods. Trade deficit continues to increase in post reform era due to high growth rate of imports.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7b2b4736ef44bb0ecae2b92159933423" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61113115,"asset_id":40829292,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61113115/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40829292"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40829292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40829292; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40829292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40829292]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40829292; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40829292']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40829292, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7b2b4736ef44bb0ecae2b92159933423" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40829292]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40829292,"title":"Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. 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Trade deficit continues to increase in post reform era due to high growth rate of imports.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Foreign trade plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of each country. This paper analyses the performance of India's foreign trade using the time series data from the period 1970-71 to 2017-18. The Govt. of India introduced the New Economic Policy since 1991 especially in the foreign trade sector, therefore, in order to examine the impact of economic reforms on India's foreign trade, the time period has been divided into pre-reform periods (1970-71 to 1990-91) and post-reform periods (1991-92 to 2017-18). This study examines annual growth rate of exports and imports, the share of exports and imports to GDP of India, exports volume Index and imports volume index in pre and post reform period and it reveals that the growth rate of imports is higher in comparison to the growth rate of exports during post reform periods. Trade deficit continues to increase in post reform era due to high growth rate of imports.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40829292/Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_and_Post_Reform_Era","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-11-03T11:33:09.751-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":120353865,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":33242653,"work_id":40829292,"tagging_user_id":120353865,"tagged_user_id":118362479,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***0@gmail.com","display_order":-2,"name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","title":"Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era"},{"id":33242654,"work_id":40829292,"tagging_user_id":120353865,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":-1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era"},{"id":33676767,"work_id":40829292,"tagging_user_id":120353865,"tagged_user_id":7090906,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***m@gmail.com","display_order":4194303,"name":"Research Papers","title":"Trends of India's Foreign Trade in Pre and Post Reform Era"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61113115,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61113115/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"4ESS--6977printsept-19-Trends_of_Indias_Foreign__20191103-105515-f2bep6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61113115/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61113115/4ESS--6977printsept-19-Trends_of_Indias_Foreign__20191103-105515-f2bep6-libre.pdf?1572810874=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTrends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=GknUuUWaGMHP91wPUAbB1G3~jn1lkFYHHTVfaPRBGZTMsFknodmiAHf3YKS6xG60LuWwTvIck4YlHsJlXHH0GJrrtIfmx~yH5ZxIlXc8VLnfSVxdlpkNfoB7enw89Io1iVgsSWUvPd06I0i1YB3uJ2SZrBPiG9vVzU8yGME92~tAVsSOPqQINaofpwEi92UTnSnnoDoAFQjdErIE7Q3msTV4sYVjpEw27Z5rHZaXJW-IhQ-I-lRb8OwChCj5LhJdWwxGyHvssotLS~pHGsCAl5D6nfvsGRWaMg4Vo6e4ofLgDaLwgFig76QZxAnJnoNxNh6162AgA4fGSVI3bU-vBg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_and_Post_Reform_Era","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":120353865,"first_name":"Lipuna","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Khatei","page_name":"LipunaKhatei","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-07-23T00:41:23.915-07:00","display_name":"Lipuna Khatei","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei"},"attachments":[{"id":61113115,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61113115/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"4ESS--6977printsept-19-Trends_of_Indias_Foreign__20191103-105515-f2bep6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61113115/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Trends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61113115/4ESS--6977printsept-19-Trends_of_Indias_Foreign__20191103-105515-f2bep6-libre.pdf?1572810874=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTrends_of_Indias_Foreign_Trade_in_Pre_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=GknUuUWaGMHP91wPUAbB1G3~jn1lkFYHHTVfaPRBGZTMsFknodmiAHf3YKS6xG60LuWwTvIck4YlHsJlXHH0GJrrtIfmx~yH5ZxIlXc8VLnfSVxdlpkNfoB7enw89Io1iVgsSWUvPd06I0i1YB3uJ2SZrBPiG9vVzU8yGME92~tAVsSOPqQINaofpwEi92UTnSnnoDoAFQjdErIE7Q3msTV4sYVjpEw27Z5rHZaXJW-IhQ-I-lRb8OwChCj5LhJdWwxGyHvssotLS~pHGsCAl5D6nfvsGRWaMg4Vo6e4ofLgDaLwgFig76QZxAnJnoNxNh6162AgA4fGSVI3bU-vBg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":255176,"name":"Economics \u0026 foreign trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics_and_foreign_trade"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39895936"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39895936/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60081550/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39895936/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India">An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://centraluniversityorissa.academia.edu/RASHMITAKHATEI">RASHMITA KHATEI</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LipunaKhatei">Lipuna Khatei</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>IJRSR</span><span>, May 28, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of econ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of economic health of states and as a whole of the country. It helps to describe the status of public welfare of the states and overall picture of the economy. But there is uneven growth of state domestic product (SDP) of Indian states which is a constraint on the overall growth of India鈥檚 gross domestic product (GDP). The growth of most of the Indian states is found to be featured with instability and volatility. This paper examines the extent of disparity in growth of state domestic products of different Indian states and also examines the trends of growth of GDP of India over a period of time. It also compares the growth trend of real GDP and nominal GDP of India. The annual growth rate (AGR) of state domestic product at constant prices (2011-12) of year-to-year for different states in India is used as a measure of disparity and volatility. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources to find out the uneven growth of state domestic product at constant price in India. This study reveals that the growth is inconsistent in different states in India as well as in GDP of India and it is due to uneven distribution of economic activities among the states as well as across the country.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3606d9f059ab3085ac2a9ec805de1e18" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60081550,"asset_id":39895936,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60081550/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39895936"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39895936"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39895936; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39895936]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39895936]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39895936; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39895936']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39895936, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3606d9f059ab3085ac2a9ec805de1e18" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39895936]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39895936,"title":"An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1005.3516","issue":"5(H)","volume":"10","abstract":"The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of economic health of states and as a whole of the country. It helps to describe the status of public welfare of the states and overall picture of the economy. But there is uneven growth of state domestic product (SDP) of Indian states which is a constraint on the overall growth of India鈥檚 gross domestic product (GDP). The growth of most of the Indian states is found to be featured with instability and volatility. This paper examines the extent of disparity in growth of state domestic products of different Indian states and also examines the trends of growth of GDP of India over a period of time. It also compares the growth trend of real GDP and nominal GDP of India. The annual growth rate (AGR) of state domestic product at constant prices (2011-12) of year-to-year for different states in India is used as a measure of disparity and volatility. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources to find out the uneven growth of state domestic product at constant price in India. This study reveals that the growth is inconsistent in different states in India as well as in GDP of India and it is due to uneven distribution of economic activities among the states as well as across the country.","journal_name":"International Journal of Recent Scientific Research","page_numbers":"32658-32660","publication_date":{"day":28,"month":5,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"IJRSR"},"translated_abstract":"The growth of gross state domestic product is an important parameter to measure the state of economic health of states and as a whole of the country. It helps to describe the status of public welfare of the states and overall picture of the economy. But there is uneven growth of state domestic product (SDP) of Indian states which is a constraint on the overall growth of India鈥檚 gross domestic product (GDP). The growth of most of the Indian states is found to be featured with instability and volatility. This paper examines the extent of disparity in growth of state domestic products of different Indian states and also examines the trends of growth of GDP of India over a period of time. It also compares the growth trend of real GDP and nominal GDP of India. The annual growth rate (AGR) of state domestic product at constant prices (2011-12) of year-to-year for different states in India is used as a measure of disparity and volatility. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources to find out the uneven growth of state domestic product at constant price in India. This study reveals that the growth is inconsistent in different states in India as well as in GDP of India and it is due to uneven distribution of economic activities among the states as well as across the country.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39895936/An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-07-22T08:44:40.374-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32840936,"work_id":39895936,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":103543551,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","affiliation":"Central University of Orissa","display_order":1,"name":"RASHMITA KHATEI","title":"An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India"},{"id":32840937,"work_id":39895936,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":120353865,"co_author_invite_id":6877449,"email":"l***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Lipuna Khatei","title":"An Empirical Analysis of Variation in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Different States in India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60081550,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60081550/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60081550/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60081550/13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb-libre.pdf?1563811838=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=MN6HAnr3KVKccTfophx6uNfgpT-o84K~QDE4NwG14qDle8wzx435h6-j6B5c1VXjQ47ZsVX4QK-CPWMo20NZZ14MHnuYlOTPlEkruJtiCwI7pD-gjYuk7sVjCYAOHTQ1inbKC4WyS~g1Lyg-a5UQGQrxrlxAJlnrWqRNWmV0dZbVog4P40r~Q0Yqh6mTHIu-RhXSb9hAXOUiZgdfLm6~tjOib4COfkNVfaSwSQtEkkumNCsut4irRZ1ppB3rUckNVQQShZS6kbQ~Mq~OR81IV9xE-Y9-zBArRLO7uhD5LChjyJB1a~IrTLGilqTvLdglbJ9AmYARJK3by5DXZ0n7BQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gross_State_Domestic_Product_GSDP_of_Different_States_in_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":60081550,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60081550/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60081550/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60081550/13602-A-201920190722-30687-1ricfjb-libre.pdf?1563811838=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Empirical_Analysis_of_Variation_in_Gr.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724856\u0026Signature=MN6HAnr3KVKccTfophx6uNfgpT-o84K~QDE4NwG14qDle8wzx435h6-j6B5c1VXjQ47ZsVX4QK-CPWMo20NZZ14MHnuYlOTPlEkruJtiCwI7pD-gjYuk7sVjCYAOHTQ1inbKC4WyS~g1Lyg-a5UQGQrxrlxAJlnrWqRNWmV0dZbVog4P40r~Q0Yqh6mTHIu-RhXSb9hAXOUiZgdfLm6~tjOib4COfkNVfaSwSQtEkkumNCsut4irRZ1ppB3rUckNVQQShZS6kbQ~Mq~OR81IV9xE-Y9-zBArRLO7uhD5LChjyJB1a~IrTLGilqTvLdglbJ9AmYARJK3by5DXZ0n7BQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1531894,"name":"Macroeconomics/International Economics/Growth and Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics_International_Economics_Growth_and_Development"}],"urls":[{"id":8815701,"url":"https://www.recentscientific.com/sites/default/files/13602-A-2019.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="14982295" id="books"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99120292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99120292/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100291197/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99120292/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India">Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak">Pragyan Parimita Nayak</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajatKumarMallick">Rajat Kumar Mallick</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bluerose Publishers</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue in Indian economy. Furthermore, it also makes an empirical investigation on causality between government spending and tax revenues in the Indian economy over the period 1970-71 to 2020-21. However, tax revenue includes both<br />direct and indirect tax in India. Over the study period, however, the analysis reveals that there is a short-run as well as a long-run relationship between government expenditure, direct tax, and indirect tax revenues. In India, there is also unidirectional causality extending from government expenditure to indirect tax revenue. Therefore, the government should reduce budgetary deficit by curtailing unproductive expenditure while also maintaining optimal resource utilisation and reducing the burden of indirect taxation on people. However, in order to cover growing government expenditures without imposing additional tax burdens on people, the government should rely on non-tax revenue sources.<br /><br />Keywords: Direct tax, Government expenditure and Indirect tax</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e6b1e7b3671d5bc0b5c4a24d8a312321" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100291197,"asset_id":99120292,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100291197/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99120292"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99120292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99120292; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99120292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99120292]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99120292; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99120292']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 99120292, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e6b1e7b3671d5bc0b5c4a24d8a312321" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99120292]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99120292,"title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue in Indian economy. 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However, in order to cover growing government expenditures without imposing additional tax burdens on people, the government should rely on non-tax revenue sources.\n\nKeywords: Direct tax, Government expenditure and Indirect tax","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bluerose Publishers"},"translated_abstract":"The purpose of this study is to look into the linkages among government expenditure, direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue in Indian economy. Furthermore, it also makes an empirical investigation on causality between government spending and tax revenues in the Indian economy over the period 1970-71 to 2020-21. However, tax revenue includes both\ndirect and indirect tax in India. Over the study period, however, the analysis reveals that there is a short-run as well as a long-run relationship between government expenditure, direct tax, and indirect tax revenues. 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However, in order to cover growing government expenditures without imposing additional tax burdens on people, the government should rely on non-tax revenue sources.\n\nKeywords: Direct tax, Government expenditure and Indirect tax","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99120292/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-26T07:31:45.470-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":39668551,"work_id":99120292,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":39436535,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***i@rediffmail.com","affiliation":"North Orissa University","display_order":-1,"name":"Minati Mallick","title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India"},{"id":39668552,"work_id":99120292,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":47565276,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"P***i@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Pranati Palai","title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India"},{"id":39669252,"work_id":99120292,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":147971305,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***0@gmail.com","display_order":2,"name":"Rajat Kumar Mallick","title":"Revisiting Government Expenditure-Tax Revenue Causality Evidence from India"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100291197,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100291197/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100291197/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100291197/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India-libre.pdf?1679847784=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRevisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=KylxWIZrWQ3ypKPCraclYkJNQ4Ekfvp4EtFdqfko5~SPztCn-vBWfyhivRizkEJeg-oFG8Qeb6yOtSz7GZdCOvS1v~ocsNHz3jDr1~~GO5wnlCb66Uu-Go-m8X2oW4Mi-4oPOl9zYJn5AbAcEc5aZK7egi4ICpumhvf9oCVvLqyIMbr8NS~1diU8KSZtc6s9QgRv4SyElgN-2O3lein-ec5cfSrz~OhGFynMlpht47si~0rg8YxbtA4dRuNRpa0SfJ~zknIcMZK5V64PfmDZlWJgcY9UOmlL3aZTMjvFP~ejS-0-YLaInD9f32rcXwuLBRj3OGMvLYvW-5F4U8BgKg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India","translated_slug":"","page_count":29,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":100291197,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100291197/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100291197/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100291197/Revisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Revenue_Causality_Evidence_from_India-libre.pdf?1679847784=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRevisiting_Government_Expenditure_Tax_Re.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=KylxWIZrWQ3ypKPCraclYkJNQ4Ekfvp4EtFdqfko5~SPztCn-vBWfyhivRizkEJeg-oFG8Qeb6yOtSz7GZdCOvS1v~ocsNHz3jDr1~~GO5wnlCb66Uu-Go-m8X2oW4Mi-4oPOl9zYJn5AbAcEc5aZK7egi4ICpumhvf9oCVvLqyIMbr8NS~1diU8KSZtc6s9QgRv4SyElgN-2O3lein-ec5cfSrz~OhGFynMlpht47si~0rg8YxbtA4dRuNRpa0SfJ~zknIcMZK5V64PfmDZlWJgcY9UOmlL3aZTMjvFP~ejS-0-YLaInD9f32rcXwuLBRj3OGMvLYvW-5F4U8BgKg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":764,"name":"Macroeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics"},{"id":444535,"name":"MSME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSME"},{"id":741351,"name":"Social Sector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sector"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="79703523"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/79703523/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86328223/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/79703523/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development">Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sustainability in 21st Century: The Changing Paradigm of Business Decisions</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. The existence of mass unemployment and under employment is one of the major concerns for future development that puts challenges for sustainable development. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) plays an important role in reducing unemployment and economic backwardness in a region and promotes sustainable development. But MSME sector, despite its major contribution to national economy suffers from numerous problems whereas major concern is availability and accessibility of finance for investment purpose. The sources like commercial banks, Non-Banking Financial Institution as well as microfinance have a crucial role in provision of credit to MSMEs. The present study investigates the nexus between investment and employment generation in MSME sector in Odisha and in India. Moreover, it discusses the role of microfinance for development of these enterprises. The secondary data have been gathered from the various annual reports of Ministry of MSME, Government of India and Odisha, Economic Survey of GoI and GoO whereas linear regression analysis and simple statistical devices are used to analyse the data. The study reveals that growth of units and investments have a significant impact on employment in the MSMEs sector in Odisha and India. It can be also stated that investment in MSME sectors has a significant impact on growth of MSME units. Hence it is critical for the growth of MSMEs and in turn for employment generation.<br />Keywords: Employment, Investment, Microfinance, MSMEs & Sustainable development.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a6742066b9abd21b2e2e20255f450ba9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86328223,"asset_id":79703523,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86328223/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="79703523"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79703523"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79703523; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79703523]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79703523]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79703523; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='79703523']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79703523, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a6742066b9abd21b2e2e20255f450ba9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=79703523]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":79703523,"title":"Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. The existence of mass unemployment and under employment is one of the major concerns for future development that puts challenges for sustainable development. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) plays an important role in reducing unemployment and economic backwardness in a region and promotes sustainable development. But MSME sector, despite its major contribution to national economy suffers from numerous problems whereas major concern is availability and accessibility of finance for investment purpose. The sources like commercial banks, Non-Banking Financial Institution as well as microfinance have a crucial role in provision of credit to MSMEs. The present study investigates the nexus between investment and employment generation in MSME sector in Odisha and in India. Moreover, it discusses the role of microfinance for development of these enterprises. The secondary data have been gathered from the various annual reports of Ministry of MSME, Government of India and Odisha, Economic Survey of GoI and GoO whereas linear regression analysis and simple statistical devices are used to analyse the data. The study reveals that growth of units and investments have a significant impact on employment in the MSMEs sector in Odisha and India. It can be also stated that investment in MSME sectors has a significant impact on growth of MSME units. Hence it is critical for the growth of MSMEs and in turn for employment generation.\nKeywords: Employment, Investment, Microfinance, MSMEs \u0026 Sustainable development.\n","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Sustainability in 21st Century: The Changing Paradigm of Business Decisions"},"translated_abstract":"Unemployment and poverty are the chronic diseases among many in a developing country like India. The existence of mass unemployment and under employment is one of the major concerns for future development that puts challenges for sustainable development. MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) plays an important role in reducing unemployment and economic backwardness in a region and promotes sustainable development. But MSME sector, despite its major contribution to national economy suffers from numerous problems whereas major concern is availability and accessibility of finance for investment purpose. The sources like commercial banks, Non-Banking Financial Institution as well as microfinance have a crucial role in provision of credit to MSMEs. The present study investigates the nexus between investment and employment generation in MSME sector in Odisha and in India. Moreover, it discusses the role of microfinance for development of these enterprises. The secondary data have been gathered from the various annual reports of Ministry of MSME, Government of India and Odisha, Economic Survey of GoI and GoO whereas linear regression analysis and simple statistical devices are used to analyse the data. The study reveals that growth of units and investments have a significant impact on employment in the MSMEs sector in Odisha and India. It can be also stated that investment in MSME sectors has a significant impact on growth of MSME units. Hence it is critical for the growth of MSMEs and in turn for employment generation.\nKeywords: Employment, Investment, Microfinance, MSMEs \u0026 Sustainable development.\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79703523/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-05-22T23:14:58.688-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":118362479,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":38269994,"work_id":79703523,"tagging_user_id":118362479,"tagged_user_id":39436535,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***i@rediffmail.com","affiliation":"North Orissa University","display_order":-1,"name":"Minati Mallick","title":"Microfinance, MSMEs and Sustainable Development"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86328223,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86328223/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86328223/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86328223/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development-libre.pdf?1653287051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrofinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=GRfBO2D2S3TesqiYP~skCRVx4whbjfMM6SF0oGG6uBYzu-0SdbsMGjtCFQicmjTskZnSsP3DQCQ9KMFbcXiNMYUjuc2xr7-Y5nDKbDZbrgjzQbQp~AL-yhs8V42FLuXUc6096Hwjc54GZC98ivg83DSkQkwhR8Hi2BrHnLggBQZhMb1x9B~JAwd251J5DuNbz2GgVBnOWB2MNWKWzhcCeENoxlULT-1hVQOSD87GxN-fbFgiH2wpOO32tMlBAyswTTc6t7XRrFkf7m487p7X2zIyQxf8z-cMsbDyC7Eyl8WjnYUQUvPSJULgWZx5avky4qIic4eHNzG5Q19U9Ak2pw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":118362479,"first_name":"Pragyan Parimita","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nayak","page_name":"pragyanparimitanayak","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2019-06-30T11:34:08.221-07:00","display_name":"Pragyan Parimita Nayak","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/pragyanparimitanayak"},"attachments":[{"id":86328223,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86328223/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86328223/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjcyMTI1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86328223/Microfinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Development-libre.pdf?1653287051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMicrofinance_MSMEs_and_Sustainable_Devel.pdf\u0026Expires=1732724857\u0026Signature=GRfBO2D2S3TesqiYP~skCRVx4whbjfMM6SF0oGG6uBYzu-0SdbsMGjtCFQicmjTskZnSsP3DQCQ9KMFbcXiNMYUjuc2xr7-Y5nDKbDZbrgjzQbQp~AL-yhs8V42FLuXUc6096Hwjc54GZC98ivg83DSkQkwhR8Hi2BrHnLggBQZhMb1x9B~JAwd251J5DuNbz2GgVBnOWB2MNWKWzhcCeENoxlULT-1hVQOSD87GxN-fbFgiH2wpOO32tMlBAyswTTc6t7XRrFkf7m487p7X2zIyQxf8z-cMsbDyC7Eyl8WjnYUQUvPSJULgWZx5avky4qIic4eHNzG5Q19U9Ak2pw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship"},{"id":764,"name":"Macroeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics"},{"id":428155,"name":"MSMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSMEs"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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