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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratold_Italsk%C3%BD" title="Ratold Italský – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ratold Italský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ρατόλδος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρατόλδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratoldo_de_Italia" title="Ratoldo de Italia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ratoldo de Italia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratold_d%27Italie" title="Ratold d'Italie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ratold d'Italie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%ED%86%A8%EB%91%90%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A1%9C%ED%83%80%EB%A7%81%EA%B8%B0%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4" title="라톨두스 로타링기아이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라톨두스 로타링기아이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratoldo_di_Lotaringia" title="Ratoldo di Lotaringia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ratoldo di Lotaringia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="راتولد ايطاليا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="راتولد ايطاليا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratold" title="Ratold – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ratold" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratold_de_Italia" title="Ratold de Italia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ratold de Italia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_(%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8)" title="Ратольд (вице-король Италии) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ратольд (вице-король Италии)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratold_c%E1%BB%A7a_%C3%9D" title="Ratold của Ý – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ratold của Ý" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1764987#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Ratold</b> was a <a href="/wiki/King_of_Italy" title="King of Italy">king of Italy</a> who reigned for a month or so in 896. He was an illegitimate son of King <a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Carinthia" title="Arnulf of Carinthia">Arnulf of East Francia</a>. He and his half-brother <a href="/wiki/Zwentibold" title="Zwentibold">Zwentibold</a> are described by the <i><a href="/wiki/Annals_of_Fulda" class="mw-redirect" title="Annals of Fulda">Annals of Fulda</a></i> as being born "by concubines" (<i>ex concubinis</i>). Their mothers are not named, and it is possible that their status was only downgraded to that of concubinage after Arnulf's marriage to Uota in 888. They may have originally been in <i>Friedelehen</i>, "consent-based marriages", a kind of common-law marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His birth date is unknown;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he may have been a "mature man" by the time he was appointed to rule Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeary199443_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeary199443-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 889, Arnulf persuaded the East Frankish nobility to recognise Zwentibold and Ratold as his heirs if no legitimate son was born to the queen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One historian suggests that it was Arnulf's plan all along to secure sub-kingdoms for his illegitimate sons (<a href="/wiki/Lotharingia" title="Lotharingia">Lotharingia</a> for Zwentibold and Italy for Ratold) while reserving East Francia itself for his legitimate issue.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeyser197915_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeyser197915-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Arnulf was crowned <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> in Rome in 896, he fell ill and quickly returned to Germany by May, leaving, in the words of the <i>Annals of Fulda</i>, "his little son called Ratold, who had been born to him by a concubine, at <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> to receive the fidelity of the Italian people."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991b134_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter1991b134-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The somewhat elliptical passage leaves open whether Ratold was merely his father's "deputy"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a full-fledged "sub-king" in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon after Arnulf left, his rival, Duke <a href="/wiki/Lambert_II_of_Spoleto" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambert II of Spoleto">Lambert II of Spoleto</a>, took control of Italy and nothing more is heard of Ratold.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFasoli194938–39_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFasoli194938–39-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arnulf's legitimate son, <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Child" title="Louis the Child">Louis the Child</a>, was recognised as his heir by the nobility in 897.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ratold_of_Italy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>parvulo filio suo nomine Ratolfo, qui ei de concubina erat, ad fidem Italicae gentis Mediolanium dimisso</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter2006219_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReuter2006">Reuter 2006</a>, p. 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeary199443-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeary199443_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeary1994">Geary 1994</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991a126_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReuter1991a">Reuter 1991a</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeyser197915-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeyser197915_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeyser1979">Leyser 1979</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReuter1991b134-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReuter1991b134_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReuter1991b">Reuter 1991b</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFasoli194938–39-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFasoli194938–39_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFasoli1949">Fasoli 1949</a>, pp. 38–39.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ratold_of_Italy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFasoli1949" class="citation book cs1">Fasoli, Gina (1949). <i>I re d'Italia (888–962)</i>. <a href="/wiki/Sansoni_(publisher)" title="Sansoni (publisher)">Sansoni</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+re+d%27Italia+%28888%E2%80%93962%29&rft.pub=Sansoni&rft.date=1949&rft.aulast=Fasoli&rft.aufirst=Gina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARatold+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeary1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Geary" title="Patrick J. Geary">Geary, Patrick J.</a> (1994). <i>Phantoms of Remembrance: Memory and Oblivion at the End of the First Millennium</i>. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phantoms+of+Remembrance%3A+Memory+and+Oblivion+at+the+End+of+the+First+Millennium&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Geary&rft.aufirst=Patrick+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARatold+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeyser1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Leyser" title="Karl Leyser">Leyser, Karl</a> (1979). <i>Rule and Conflict in an Early Medieval Society: Ottonian Saxony</i>. London: Edward Arnold.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rule+and+Conflict+in+an+Early+Medieval+Society%3A+Ottonian+Saxony&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Edward+Arnold&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=Leyser&rft.aufirst=Karl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARatold+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReuter1991a" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Reuter" title="Timothy Reuter">Reuter, Timothy</a> (1991a). <i>Germany in the Early Middle Ages, 800–1056</i>. Longman.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Germany+in+the+Early+Middle+Ages%2C+800%E2%80%931056&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Reuter&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARatold+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReuter1991b" class="citation book cs1">Reuter, Timothy, ed. (1991b). <i>The Annals of Fulda</i>. Manchester Medieval Sources, <i>Ninth-Century Histories</i>, 2. Manchester University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Annals+of+Fulda&rft.series=Manchester+Medieval+Sources%2C+%27%27Ninth-Century+Histories%27%27%2C+2&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARatold+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReuter2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Reuter, Timothy (2006). "Sex, Lies and Oath-Helpers: The Trial of Queen Uota". In <a href="/wiki/Janet_L._Nelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Janet L. Nelson">Nelson, Janet L.</a> (ed.). <i>Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 217–30. Originally published in <i>Kaiser Arnolf. Das ostfränkische Reich am Ende des 9. Jahrhunderts</i>, ed. Franz Fuchs, <i>Zeitschrift für bayerische Landesgeschichte</i>, Beiheft 19 (Munich, 2002), pp. 253–70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sex%2C+Lies+and+Oath-Helpers%3A+The+Trial+of+Queen+Uota&rft.btitle=Medieval+Polities+and+Modern+Mentalities&rft.pages=217-30&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Reuter&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARatold+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antique_Kings_of_Italy" title="Template:Antique Kings of Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antique_Kings_of_Italy" title="Template talk:Antique Kings of Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antique_Kings_of_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antique Kings of Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kings_of_Italy_between_476_and_1556" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Italy" title="King of Italy">Kings of Italy</a> between 476 and 1556</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-dynastic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odoacer" title="Odoacer">Odoacer <span style="font-size:85%;">(476–493)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg/100px-Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg/150px-Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg/200px-Italy_1000_AD_alt1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogoths</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodoric_the_Great" title="Theodoric the Great">Theodoric <span style="font-size:85%;">(493–526)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athalaric" title="Athalaric">Athalaric <span style="font-size:85%;">(526–534)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodahad" title="Theodahad">Theodahad <span style="font-size:85%;">(534–536)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitiges" title="Vitiges">Vitiges <span style="font-size:85%;">(536–540)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ildibad" title="Ildibad">Ildibad <span style="font-size:85%;">(540–541)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eraric" title="Eraric">Eraric <span style="font-size:85%;">(541)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totila" title="Totila">Totila <span style="font-size:85%;">(541–552)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teia" title="Teia">Teia <span style="font-size:85%;">(552–553)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboin" title="Alboin">Alboin <span style="font-size:85%;">(568–572)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleph" title="Cleph">Cleph <span style="font-size:85%;">(572–574)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_the_Dukes" title="Rule of the Dukes"><i>Interregnum</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(574–584)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authari" title="Authari">Authari <span style="font-size:85%;">(584–590)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agilulf" title="Agilulf">Agilulf <span style="font-size:85%;">(590–616)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaloald" title="Adaloald">Adaloald <span style="font-size:85%;">(616–626)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arioald" title="Arioald">Arioald <span style="font-size:85%;">(626–636)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothari" title="Rothari">Rothari <span style="font-size:85%;">(636-652)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodoald" title="Rodoald">Rodoald <span style="font-size:85%;">(652–653)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aripert_I" title="Aripert I">Aripert I <span style="font-size:85%;">(653–661)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godepert" title="Godepert">Godepert <span style="font-size:85%;">(661–662)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perctarit" title="Perctarit">Perctarit <span style="font-size:85%;">(661–662)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimoald,_King_of_the_Lombards" title="Grimoald, King of the Lombards">Grimoald <span style="font-size:85%;">(662–671)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garibald" title="Garibald">Garibald <span style="font-size:85%;">(671)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perctarit" title="Perctarit">Perctarit <span style="font-size:85%;">(671–688)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunipert" title="Cunipert">Cunipert <span style="font-size:85%;">(688–689)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alahis" title="Alahis">Alahis <span style="font-size:85%;">(689)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunipert" title="Cunipert">Cunipert <span style="font-size:85%;">(689–700)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liutpert" title="Liutpert">Liutpert <span style="font-size:85%;">(700–702)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raginpert" title="Raginpert">Raginpert <span style="font-size:85%;">(701)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aripert_II" title="Aripert II">Aripert II <span style="font-size:85%;">(702–712)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansprand" title="Ansprand">Ansprand <span style="font-size:85%;">(712)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liutprand,_King_of_the_Lombards" title="Liutprand, King of the Lombards">Liutprand <span style="font-size:85%;">(712–744)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildeprand" title="Hildeprand">Hildeprand <span style="font-size:85%;">(744)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratchis" title="Ratchis">Ratchis <span style="font-size:85%;">(744–749)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aistulf" title="Aistulf">Aistulf <span style="font-size:85%;">(749–756)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiderius" title="Desiderius">Desiderius <span style="font-size:85%;">(756–774)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne <span style="font-size:85%;">(774–814)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_of_Italy" title="Pepin of Italy">Pepin <span style="font-size:85%;">(781–810)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Italy" title="Bernard of Italy">Bernard <span style="font-size:85%;">(810–818)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_I" title="Lothair I">Lothair I <span style="font-size:85%;">(818–855)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_II_of_Italy" title="Louis II of Italy">Louis I <span style="font-size:85%;">(855–875)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bald" title="Charles the Bald">Charles II <span style="font-size:85%;">(875–877)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_of_Bavaria" title="Carloman of Bavaria">Carloman <span style="font-size:85%;">(877–879)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Fat" title="Charles the Fat">Charles III <span style="font-size:85%;">(879–887)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Carinthia" title="Arnulf of Carinthia">Arnulf <span style="font-size:85%;">(896–899)</span></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ratold <span style="font-size:85%;">(896)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-dynastic<br />(title disputed 887–933)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Unruochings" title="Unruochings">Unruochings</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Berengar_I_of_Italy" title="Berengar I of Italy">Berengar I <span style="font-size:85%;">(887–924)</span></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Widonids" title="Widonids">Guideschi</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Guy_III_of_Spoleto" title="Guy III of Spoleto">Guy <span style="font-size:85%;">(889–894)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_of_Italy" title="Lambert of Italy">Lambert <span style="font-size:85%;">(891–897)</span></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Elder_House_of_Welf" title="Elder House of Welf">Welfs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_II_of_Burgundy" title="Rudolph II of Burgundy">Rudolph <span style="font-size:85%;">(922–933)</span></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bosonids" title="Bosonids">Bosonids</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Blind" title="Louis the Blind">Louis II <span style="font-size:85%;">(900–905)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_Italy" title="Hugh of Italy">Hugh <span style="font-size:85%;">(926–947)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_II_of_Italy" title="Lothair II of Italy">Lothair II <span style="font-size:85%;">(945–950)</span></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Anscarids" title="Anscarids">Anscarids</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Berengar_II_of_Italy" title="Berengar II of Italy">Berengar II <span style="font-size:85%;">(950–963)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalbert_of_Italy" title="Adalbert of Italy">Adalbert <span style="font-size:85%;">(950–963)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Kingdom of Italy</a> within <br /> the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a><br /> (962–1556)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_the_Great" title="Otto the Great">Otto I <span style="font-size:85%;">(962–973)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II <span style="font-size:85%;">(980–983)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto III <span style="font-size:85%;">(996–1002)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arduin_of_Ivrea" title="Arduin of Ivrea">Arduin I <span style="font-size:85%;">(1002–1014)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry II <span style="font-size:85%;">(1004–1024)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Conrad II <span style="font-size:85%;">(1026–1039)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry III <span style="font-size:85%;">(1039–1056)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV <span style="font-size:85%;">(1056–1105)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II_of_Italy" title="Conrad II of Italy">Conrad II <span style="font-size:85%;">(1093–1101)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V <span style="font-size:85%;">(1106–1125)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor">Lothair III (or II) <span style="font-size:85%;">(1125–1137)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_III_of_Germany" title="Conrad III of Germany">Conrad III <span style="font-size:85%;">(1138–1152)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa" title="Frederick Barbarossa">Frederick I <span style="font-size:85%;">(1154–1186)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI <span style="font-size:85%;">(1186–1197)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto IV <span style="font-size:85%;">(1209–1212)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II <span style="font-size:85%;">(1212–1250)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VII,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VII <span style="font-size:85%;">(1311–1313)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV <span style="font-size:85%;">(1327–1347)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV <span style="font-size:85%;">(1355–1378)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund <span style="font-size:85%;">(1431–1437)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III <span style="font-size:85%;">(1452–1493)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V <span style="font-size:85%;">(1530–1556)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pippinids,_Arnulfings_and_Carolingians" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Carolingians_footer" title="Template:Carolingians footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Carolingians_footer" title="Template talk:Carolingians footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Carolingians_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Carolingians footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pippinids,_Arnulfings_and_Carolingians" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pippinids" title="Pippinids">Pippinids, Arnulfings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingians</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>Legend: → ≡ "father of",  <b>·</b>  ≡ "brother of"</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Begga" title="Begga">Begga</a>, the daughter of Pepin I, married Ansegisel, the son of Arnulf of Metz, and was the mother of Pepin II.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pippinids" title="Pippinids">Pippinids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Carloman → <a href="/wiki/Pepin_of_Landen" title="Pepin of Landen">Pepin I</a> → <a href="/wiki/Grimoald_the_Elder" title="Grimoald the Elder">Grimoald I</a> → <a href="/wiki/Childebert_the_Adopted" title="Childebert the Adopted">Childebert the Adopted</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pippinids" title="Pippinids">Arnulfings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="*_Arnulf_of_Metz_→_Chlodulf_of_Metz_*_Ansegisel_→_Pepin_II,_his_sons"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Metz" title="Arnulf of Metz">Arnulf of Metz</a> → <a href="/wiki/Chlodulf_of_Metz" title="Chlodulf of Metz">Chlodulf of Metz</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ansegisel" title="Ansegisel">Ansegisel</a> → <a href="/wiki/Pepin_of_Herstal" title="Pepin of Herstal">Pepin II</a>, his sons</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drogo_of_Champagne" title="Drogo of Champagne">Drogo</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arnulf</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_Rouen_(died_730)" title="Hugh of Rouen (died 730)">Hugh of Champagne</a></li> <li>Godfrey</li> <li>Pepin</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png/125px-Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png/188px-Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png/250px-Steuben_-_Bataille_de_Poitiers.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1316" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grimoald_the_Elder" title="Grimoald the Elder">Grimoald I</a>, son</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theudoald" title="Theudoald">Theudoald</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Martel" title="Charles Martel">Charles Martel</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_(mayor_of_the_palace)" title="Carloman (mayor of the palace)">Carloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_the_Short" title="Pepin the Short">Pepin III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grifo_(noble)" title="Grifo (noble)">Grifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard,_son_of_Charles_Martel" title="Bernard, son of Charles Martel">Bernard</a></li> <li>Jerome</li> <li>Remigius</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Childebrand_I" title="Childebrand I">Childebrand I</a>, son</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nibelung I → <i><a href="/wiki/Nibelungids" title="Nibelungids">Nibelungids</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early<br /><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="Sons_of_Charles_Martel"><b>Sons of Charles Martel</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carloman,_Mayor_of_the_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Carloman, Mayor of the Palace">Carloman</a>, son</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drogo,_Mayor_of_the_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Drogo, Mayor of the Palace">Drogo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charlemagne_coin.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/45/Charlemagne_coin.JPG/125px-Charlemagne_coin.JPG" decoding="async" width="125" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/45/Charlemagne_coin.JPG/188px-Charlemagne_coin.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/45/Charlemagne_coin.JPG/250px-Charlemagne_coin.JPG 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="518" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pepin_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Pepin III">Pepin III</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_the_Hunchback" class="mw-redirect" title="Pepin the Hunchback">Pepin the Hunchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Younger" title="Charles the Younger">Charles the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_of_Italy" title="Pepin of Italy">Pepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis the Pious</a></li> <li>Lothair</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drogo_of_Metz" title="Drogo of Metz">Drogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_(abbot_of_Saint-Quentin)" title="Hugh (abbot of Saint-Quentin)">Hugh</a></li> <li>Theoderic</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carloman_I" title="Carloman I">Carloman</a>, son</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pepin</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pepin</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bernard,_son_of_Charles_Martel" title="Bernard, son of Charles Martel">Bernard</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wala_of_Corbie" title="Wala of Corbie">Wala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalard_of_Corbie" title="Adalard of Corbie">Adalhard</a></li> <li>Bernhar</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Carolingian<br />Empire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="Sons_of_Charlemagne"><b>Sons of Charlemagne</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pepin_of_Italy" title="Pepin of Italy">Pepin</a>, son</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Italy" title="Bernard of Italy">Bernard</a> → <a href="/wiki/Pepin,_Count_of_Vermandois" title="Pepin, Count of Vermandois">Pepin, Count of Vermandois</a> → <i><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Vermandois" title="Count of Vermandois">Counts of Vermandois</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg/125px-Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg/188px-Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg/250px-Ludwik_I_Pobo%C5%BCny.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="924" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis the Pious</a>,<br />sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Sens" title="Arnulf of Sens">Arnulf of Sens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lothair_I" title="Lothair I">Lothair I</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_II_of_Italy" title="Louis II of Italy">Louis II of Italy</a> → <a href="/wiki/Ermengard_of_Italy" title="Ermengard of Italy">Ermengard</a> → <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Blind" title="Louis the Blind">Louis the Blind</a> → <i><a href="/wiki/Bosonids" title="Bosonids">Bosonids</a></i><br /><a href="/wiki/Lothair_II" title="Lothair II">Lothair II</a> → <a href="/wiki/Hugh,_Duke_of_Alsace" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh, Duke of Alsace">Hugh</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_of_Provence" title="Charles of Provence">Charles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pepin_I_of_Aquitaine" title="Pepin I of Aquitaine">Pepin I</a>, son</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_II_of_Aquitaine" title="Pepin II of Aquitaine">Pepin II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_German" title="Louis the German">Louis the German</a>,<br />sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_of_Bavaria" title="Carloman of Bavaria">Carloman</a> → <a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Carinthia" title="Arnulf of Carinthia">Arnulf</a> → <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Child" title="Louis the Child">Louis the Child</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ratold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwentibold" title="Zwentibold">Zwentibold</a> → Godfrey</li> <li>Otto<br /><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Younger" title="Louis the Younger">Louis the Younger</a> → Louis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_Saxony" title="Hugh of Saxony">Hugh</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Fat" title="Charles the Fat">Charles the Fat</a> → <a href="/wiki/Bernard_(son_of_Charles_the_Fat)" title="Bernard (son of Charles the Fat)">Bernard</a><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ratold</a> → Adalbert</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bald" title="Charles the Bald">Charles the Bald</a>,<br />sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Stammerer" title="Louis the Stammerer">Louis the Stammerer</a> → <a href="/wiki/Louis_III_of_France" title="Louis III of France">Louis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_II" title="Carloman II">Carloman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Simple" title="Charles the Simple">Charles the Simple</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Child" title="Charles the Child">Charles the Child</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Carloman,_son_of_Charles_the_Bald" title="Carloman, son of Charles the Bald">Carloman</a><br />Lothair the Lame</li> <li>Drogo</li> <li>Pepin</li> <li>Charles</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Francia" title="West Francia">West<br />Francia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="West_Francia_was_in_the_hands_of_the_Robertians_from_888_until_898._It_was_the_last_Carolingian_kingdom.">West Francia was in the hands of the <a href="/wiki/Robertians" title="Robertians">Robertians</a> from 888 until 898. It was the last Carolingian kingdom.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Simple" title="Charles the Simple">Charles the Simple</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_of_France" title="Louis IV of France">Louis IV</a></li> <li>Arnulf</li> <li>Drogo</li> <li>Rorico</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Denier_Chinon_954,_obverse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Denier_Chinon_954%2C_obverse.jpg/125px-Denier_Chinon_954%2C_obverse.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Denier_Chinon_954%2C_obverse.jpg/188px-Denier_Chinon_954%2C_obverse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Denier_Chinon_954%2C_obverse.jpg/250px-Denier_Chinon_954%2C_obverse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="231" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_of_France" title="Louis IV of France">Louis IV</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_of_France" title="Lothair of France">Lothair IV</a></li> <li>Charles</li> <li>Louis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Lower_Lorraine" title="Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine">Charles of Lorraine</a></li> <li>Henry</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lothair_of_France" title="Lothair of France">Lothair IV</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_V_of_France" title="Louis V of France">Louis V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulf_(archbishop_of_Reims)" title="Arnulf (archbishop of Reims)">Arnulf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Lower_Lorraine" title="Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine">Charles of Lorraine</a>, sons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto,_Duke_of_Lower_Lorraine" title="Otto, Duke of Lower Lorraine">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_of_Lower_Lorraine" title="Louis of Lower Lorraine">Louis</a></li> <li>Charles</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ratold_of_Italy&oldid=1129511745">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ratold_of_Italy&oldid=1129511745</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_kings_of_Italy" title="Category:9th-century kings of Italy">9th-century kings of Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sons_of_emperors" title="Category:Sons of emperors">Sons of emperors</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">CS1 maint: postscript</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 December 2022, at 20:29<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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