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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Orville Freeman</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orville_Freeman" title="Orville Freeman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Orville Freeman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="אורוויל פרימן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורוויל פרימן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (1918–2003)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Orville Freeman</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Orville_L._Freeman,_Secretary_of_Agriculture_(1961-1969).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Orville_L._Freeman%2C_Secretary_of_Agriculture_%281961-1969%29.jpg/220px-Orville_L._Freeman%2C_Secretary_of_Agriculture_%281961-1969%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Orville_L._Freeman%2C_Secretary_of_Agriculture_%281961-1969%29.jpg/330px-Orville_L._Freeman%2C_Secretary_of_Agriculture_%281961-1969%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Orville_L._Freeman%2C_Secretary_of_Agriculture_%281961-1969%29.jpg/440px-Orville_L._Freeman%2C_Secretary_of_Agriculture_%281961-1969%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="916" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">16th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">United States Secretary of Agriculture</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 21, 1961 – January 20, 1969</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson" title="Ezra Taft Benson">Ezra Taft Benson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clifford_M._Hardin" title="Clifford M. Hardin">Clifford M. Hardin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">29th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 5, 1955 – January 2, 1961</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rolvaag" title="Karl Rolvaag">Karl Rolvaag</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C._Elmer_Anderson" title="C. Elmer Anderson">C. Elmer Anderson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elmer_L._Andersen" title="Elmer L. Andersen">Elmer L. Andersen</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Orville Lothrop Freeman</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1918-05-09</span>)</span>May 9, 1918<br /><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, Minnesota, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">February 20, 2003<span style="display:none">(2003-02-20)</span> (aged 84)<br /><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, Minnesota, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Lakewood_Cemetery" title="Lakewood Cemetery">Lakewood Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Jane Shields</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1942)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2, including <a href="/wiki/Michael_O._Freeman" title="Michael O. Freeman">Michael</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LLB</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">Major</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br /> • <a href="/wiki/Bougainville_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Bougainville Campaign">Battle of Bougainville</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Orville Lothrop Freeman</b> (May 9, 1918 – February 20, 2003) was an American politician who served as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Minnesota">29th governor of Minnesota</a> from 1955 to 1961, and as the <a href="/wiki/U.S._secretary_of_agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. secretary of agriculture">U.S. secretary of agriculture</a> from 1961 to 1969 under Presidents <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>. He was one of the founding members of the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic%E2%80%93Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party">Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party</a> and influential in the merger of the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic_Party" title="Minnesota Democratic Party">Minnesota Democratic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer-Labor</a> parties. Freeman nominated Kennedy for president at the <a href="/wiki/1960_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1960 Democratic National Convention">1960 Democratic National Convention</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Freeman was born on May 9, 1918, in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis,_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis, Minnesota">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a>, the son of Orville and Frances (Schroeder) Freeman.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His grandfather had emigrated from <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> to a farm in rural <a href="/wiki/Zumbrota,_Minnesota" title="Zumbrota, Minnesota">Zumbrota, Minnesota</a>. He attended <a href="/wiki/Central_High_School_(Minneapolis,_Minnesota)" title="Central High School (Minneapolis, Minnesota)">Central High School</a> in Minneapolis.<sup id="cite_ref-StarTribune2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StarTribune2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1940, Freeman graduated <i><a href="/wiki/Magna_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Magna cum laude">magna cum laude</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a>, where he was a reserve quarterback on <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Golden_Gophers_football" title="Minnesota Golden Gophers football">the football team</a> and where he met his lifelong friend and political ally <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a>. He also met his wife, Jane Charlotte Shields,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in college. They married on May 2, 1942, and had two children. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_service">Military service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Figuring that the United States would eventually become involved in World War II, Freeman signed up for the <a href="/wiki/Marine_Forces_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine Forces Reserve">Marine Reserve</a> in 1940 with the understanding he could finish law school before he fulfilled his required service. The <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a> ended that arrangement, and on December 31, 1941, he received orders to report to <a href="/wiki/Officer_Candidates_School_(United_States_Marine_Corps)" title="Officer Candidates School (United States Marine Corps)">Officer Candidate School</a> at <a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico" title="Marine Corps Base Quantico">Marine Corps Base Quantico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bery_p143-162_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bery_p143-162-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After graduating and following training to be an infantry officer, Freeman reported to <a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Air_Station_Miramar" title="Marine Corps Air Station Miramar">Camp Elliot</a>, just outside <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>. He was soon assigned to the <a href="/wiki/9th_Marine_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="9th Marine Regiment (United States)">9th Marine Regiment</a>, Kilo Company, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Battalion_9th_Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Battalion 9th Marines">3rd Battalion, 9th Marines</a>. His unit shipped out overseas for periods of training in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bery_p143-162_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bery_p143-162-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 1, 1943, Freeman saw his first combat when his unit came ashore at <a href="/wiki/Landings_at_Cape_Torokina" title="Landings at Cape Torokina">Torokina</a> on <a href="/wiki/Bougainville_Island" title="Bougainville Island">Bougainville</a> in what were the first battles of the <a href="/wiki/Bougainville_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Bougainville Campaign">Bougainville Campaign</a>. A few days later, while he was leading a patrol, he encountered a group of five or six Japanese soldiers in a clearing. An exchange of gunfire followed, and Freeman was wounded in the jaw and left arm. He was evacuated to a <a href="/wiki/US_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army">US Army</a> hospital on <a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a> and then to a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Naval</a> hospital on <a href="/wiki/Noum%C3%A9a" title="Nouméa">Nouméa</a>. He returned to the U.S. in 1944 but never recovered enough movement in his arm to pass a Marine Corps physical to return to combat.<sup id="cite_ref-Bery_p143-162_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bery_p143-162-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orville_L._Freeman_(MN).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Orville_L._Freeman_%28MN%29.png/170px-Orville_L._Freeman_%28MN%29.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Orville_L._Freeman_%28MN%29.png/255px-Orville_L._Freeman_%28MN%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Orville_L._Freeman_%28MN%29.png/340px-Orville_L._Freeman_%28MN%29.png 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="828" /></a><figcaption>Freeman as governor</figcaption></figure> <p>Freeman earned his <a href="/wiki/LL.B." class="mw-redirect" title="LL.B.">LL.B.</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Law_School" title="University of Minnesota Law School">University of Minnesota Law School</a> in 1946. He then practiced law in Minneapolis.<sup id="cite_ref-stout_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stout-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Freeman also served as secretary (1946-1948) and chairman (1948-1950) of the newly formed Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a political aide to his college friend Humphrey, who was <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Minneapolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Minneapolis">mayor of Minneapolis</a> at the time, and managed Humphrey's successful <a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1948 United States Senate election in Minnesota">1948 campaign</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a>. He ran unsuccessfully for <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Minnesota" title="Attorney General of Minnesota">attorney general of Minnesota</a> in 1950 and for governor in <a href="/wiki/1952_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1952 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1952</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stout_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stout-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Freeman was <a href="/wiki/1954_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1954 Minnesota gubernatorial election">elected governor in 1954</a>, becoming the state's first DFL governor, and reelected in <a href="/wiki/1956_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1956</a> and <a href="/wiki/1958_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1958 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1958</a>. He took the unusual action of declaring <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> in the city of <a href="/wiki/Albert_Lea,_Minnesota#History" title="Albert Lea, Minnesota">Albert Lea</a> on December 11, 1959, to maintain law and order during a strike at the Wilson Packing Company. After 12 days, a federal court ruled that martial law was inappropriate.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 13, 1955, Freeman was a guest on the variety show <i><a href="/wiki/Toast_of_the_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Toast of the Town">Toast of the Town</a></i>, which was later called <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a></i>. </p><p>In July 1960, Freeman nominated U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> for president at the 1960 Democratic National Convention. </p><p>Following his defeat for reelection as governor in 1960, Freeman was appointed as U.S. Secretary of Agriculture by the newly elected President Kennedy, and he was retained in that post by President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>. He served until January 21, 1969. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Later, Freeman headed two consulting businesses and practiced law in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-stout_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stout-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was president and CEO of <a href="/wiki/Business_International_Corporation" title="Business International Corporation">Business International Corporation</a> from 1970 to 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Freeman died from complications of <a href="/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease" title="Alzheimer's disease">Alzheimer's disease</a> on February 20, 2003, in Minneapolis.<sup id="cite_ref-stout_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stout-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried in that city's <a href="/wiki/Lakewood_Cemetery" title="Lakewood Cemetery">Lakewood Cemetery</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Freeman is remembered for submitting proposed legislation to establish the <a href="/wiki/Food_Stamp_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Food Stamp Program">Food Stamp Program</a> for the poor, which is still in use today.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His son <a href="/wiki/Michael_O._Freeman" title="Michael O. Freeman">Mike Freeman</a> ran unsuccessfully for governor in 1998 and served non-consecutive terms as <a href="/wiki/County_Attorney" class="mw-redirect" title="County Attorney">County Attorney</a> for <a href="/wiki/Hennepin_County,_Minnesota" title="Hennepin County, Minnesota">Hennepin County, Minnesota</a> (1991 to 1999, and 2007 to 2023). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_decorations">Awards and decorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards and decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Freeman's decorations and medals include: </p> <table style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg/106px-Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg/159px-Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg/212px-Purple_Heart_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; width:106px; border:none; line-height:1.5em; display:-moz-inline-stack; display:inline-block; zoom:1; *display:inline;"><div style="position:relative; display:inline-block;"><div style="position: absolute; left: 43px; top: 5px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbonstar-bronze.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bronze service star"><img alt="Bronze star" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ribbonstar-bronze.svg/18px-Ribbonstar-bronze.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ribbonstar-bronze.svg/27px-Ribbonstar-bronze.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Ribbonstar-bronze.svg/36px-Ribbonstar-bronze.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/106px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/159px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/212px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg/106px-World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg/159px-World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg/212px-World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="140" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Purple_Heart" title="Purple Heart">Purple Heart</a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal">Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal</a> w/ service star </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="World War II Victory Medal (United States)">World War II Victory Medal</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_notable_United_States_Marines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of notable United States Marines">List of notable United States Marines</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOnofrio2000" class="citation book cs1">Onofrio, Jan (January 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pc5D9gWgJBMC&q=Orville+Lothrop+Freeman++1918&pg=PA121"><i>Minnesota Biographical Dictionary: People of All Times and Places Who Have Been Important to the History and Life of the State</i></a>. Somerset Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780403096749" title="Special:BookSources/9780403096749"><bdi>9780403096749</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minnesota+Biographical+Dictionary%3A+People+of+All+Times+and+Places+Who+Have+Been+Important+to+the+History+and+Life+of+the+State&rft.pub=Somerset+Publishers&rft.date=2000-01&rft.isbn=9780403096749&rft.aulast=Onofrio&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpc5D9gWgJBMC%26q%3DOrville%2BLothrop%2BFreeman%2B%2B1918%26pg%3DPA121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StarTribune2013-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-StarTribune2013_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandt2013" class="citation news cs1">Brandt, S. (July 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startribune.com/central-alums-mark-alma-mater-s-centennial/214178921/?refresh=true">"Central alums mark alma mater's centennial"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Tribune">Star Tribune</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis-St._Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis-St. Paul">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Central+alums+mark+alma+mater%27s+centennial&rft.date=2013-07-03&rft.aulast=Brandt&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2Fcentral-alums-mark-alma-mater-s-centennial%2F214178921%2F%3Frefresh%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://m.startribune.com/jane-freeman-mother-of-mike-freeman-and-a-founding-force-of-the-dfl-party-dies-at-96/477785333/">"Jane Freeman, mother of Mike Freeman and a founding force of the DFL Party, dies at 96"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Tribune">Star Tribune</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Jane+Freeman%2C+mother+of+Mike+Freeman+and+a+founding+force+of+the+DFL+Party%2C+dies+at+96&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.startribune.com%2Fjane-freeman-mother-of-mike-freeman-and-a-founding-force-of-the-dfl-party-dies-at-96%2F477785333%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bery_p143-162-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bery_p143-162_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bery_p143-162_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bery_p143-162_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerry1982">Berry</a> (1982), p.149-162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stout-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stout_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stout_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stout_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stout_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStout2003" class="citation news cs1">Stout, David (February 22, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/22/us/orville-freeman-84-dies-60-s-agriculture-secretary.html?pagewanted=1">"Orville Freeman, 84, Dies; 60's Agriculture Secretary"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. B6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Orville+Freeman%2C+84%2C+Dies%3B+60%27s+Agriculture+Secretary&rft.pages=B6&rft.date=2003-02-22&rft.aulast=Stout&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2003%2F02%2F22%2Fus%2Forville-freeman-84-dies-60-s-agriculture-secretary.html%3Fpagewanted%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitau1955" class="citation journal cs1">Mitau, G. Theodore (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20175887">"The Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party Schism of 1948"</a>. <i>Minnesota History</i>. <b>34</b> (5): 187–194. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-5497">0026-5497</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Minnesota+History&rft.atitle=The+Democratic-Farmer-Labor+Party+Schism+of+1948&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=187-194&rft.date=1955&rft.issn=0026-5497&rft.aulast=Mitau&rft.aufirst=G.+Theodore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20175887&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Martial Law Ordered in Meat Strike", <i>Oakland Tribune</i>, December 11, 1959, p1; "Court Ends Wilson Closure", December 23, 1959, p4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startribune.com/obituaries/detail/303422/">"Obituary for Orville L. Freeman"</a>. <i>Star Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Star+Tribune&rft.atitle=Obituary+for+Orville+L.+Freeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2Fobituaries%2Fdetail%2F303422%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/rules/Legislation/about.htm"><i>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP): A Short History of SNAP</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131106021609/http://www.fns.usda.gov/Snap/rules/Legislation/about.htm">Archived</a> November 6, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerry1982" class="citation book cs1">Berry, Henry (1982). <i>Semper Fi, Mac – Living Memories of the U.S. Marines in World War II</i>. New York, N.Y.: William Morrow and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-688-14956-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-688-14956-1"><bdi>0-688-14956-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Semper+Fi%2C+Mac+%E2%80%93+Living+Memories+of+the+U.S.+Marines+in+World+War+II&rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&rft.pub=William+Morrow+and+Company&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-688-14956-1&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrville+Freeman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <p><b>Web</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121230104655/http://www.mnhs.org/people/governors/gov/gov_31.htm">Minnesota Historical Society</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Orville_Freeman" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Orville Freeman">Orville Freeman</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00372.xml">personal papers</a> of Orville Freeman are available for research use at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnhs.org">Minnesota Historical Society.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100611151600/http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/oralhistory.hom/freeman/freeman.asp">Oral History Interviews with Orville Freeman</a>, Lyndon Baines Johnson Library</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7201618">Orville Freeman</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?15549">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Francis M. Smith</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Minnesota" title="Attorney General of Minnesota">Attorney General of Minnesota</a> </b><br />1950 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Allan L. Johnson</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harry_H._Peterson" title="Harry H. Peterson">Harry H. Peterson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1952_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1952 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1952</a>, <a href="/wiki/1954_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1954 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1954</a>, <a href="/wiki/1956_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1956 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1956</a>, <a href="/wiki/1958_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1958 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1958</a>, <a href="/wiki/1960_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1960 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1960</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rolvaag" title="Karl Rolvaag">Karl Rolvaag</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/C._Elmer_Anderson" title="C. Elmer Anderson">C. Elmer Anderson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</a> </b><br />1955–1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Elmer_L._Andersen" title="Elmer L. Andersen">Elmer L. Andersen</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson" title="Ezra Taft Benson">Ezra Taft Benson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">United States Secretary of Agriculture</a> </b><br />1961–1969 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Clifford_M._Hardin" title="Clifford M. Hardin">Clifford M. Hardin</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Gorman">Gorman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Medary" title="Samuel Medary">Medary</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Seal_of_Minnesota.svg/75px-Seal_of_Minnesota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Seal_of_Minnesota.svg/113px-Seal_of_Minnesota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Seal_of_Minnesota.svg/150px-Seal_of_Minnesota.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="1201" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">State <span class="nobold">(since 1858)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hastings_Sibley" title="Henry Hastings Sibley">Sibley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ramsey" title="Alexander Ramsey">Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adoniram_Swift" title="Henry Adoniram Swift">Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(Minnesota_governor)" title="Stephen Miller (Minnesota governor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rainey_Marshall" title="William Rainey Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Austin" title="Horace Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_K._Davis" title="Cushman K. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Pillsbury" title="John S. Pillsbury">Pillsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Frederick_Hubbard" title="Lucius Frederick Hubbard">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ryan_McGill" title="Andrew Ryan McGill">McGill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rush_Merriam" title="William Rush Merriam">Merriam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knute_Nelson" title="Knute Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Marston_Clough" title="David Marston Clough">Clough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lind_(politician)" title="John Lind (politician)">Lind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rinnah_Van_Sant" title="Samuel Rinnah Van Sant">Van Sant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Albert_Johnson" title="John Albert Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Olson_Eberhart" title="Adolph Olson Eberhart">Eberhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hammond" title="Winfield Scott Hammond">Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._A._Burnquist" title="Joseph A. A. Burnquist">Burnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._A._O._Preus" title="J. A. O. Preus">Preus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Christianson" title="Theodore Christianson">Christianson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_B._Olson" title="Floyd B. Olson">Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Petersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_A._Benson" title="Elmer A. Benson">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Stassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Thye" title="Edward J. Thye">Thye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_Youngdahl" title="Luther Youngdahl">Youngdahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Elmer_Anderson" title="C. Elmer Anderson">E. Anderson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_L._Andersen" title="Elmer L. Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rolvaag" title="Karl Rolvaag">Rolvaag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_LeVander" title="Harold LeVander">LeVander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_R._Anderson" title="Wendell R. Anderson">W. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Perpich" title="Rudy Perpich">Perpich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Quie" title="Al Quie">Quie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Perpich" title="Rudy Perpich">Perpich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Carlson" title="Arne Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" title="Jesse Ventura">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty" title="Tim Pawlenty">Pawlenty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Dayton" title="Mark Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Walz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_agriculture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecAg" title="Template:USSecAg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecAg" title="Template talk:USSecAg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecAg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecAg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_agriculture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">United States secretaries of agriculture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Jay_Coleman" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Jay Coleman">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_McLain_Rusk" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah McLain Rusk">Rusk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Sterling_Morton" title="Julius Sterling Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_F._Houston" title="David F. Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_T._Meredith" title="Edwin T. Meredith">Meredith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cantwell_Wallace" title="Henry Cantwell Wallace">H. C. Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Mason_Gore" title="Howard Mason Gore">Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Marion_Jardine" title="William Marion Jardine">Jardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Hyde" title="Arthur M. Hyde">Hyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">H. A. Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_R._Wickard" title="Claude R. Wickard">Wickard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Anderson" title="Clinton Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Brannan" title="Charles F. Brannan">Brannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson" title="Ezra Taft Benson">Benson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifford_M._Hardin" title="Clifford M. Hardin">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Butz" title="Earl Butz">Butz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Albert_Knebel" class="mw-redirect" title="John Albert Knebel">Knebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bergland" title="Robert Bergland">Bergland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rusling_Block" class="mw-redirect" title="John Rusling Block">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edmund_Lyng" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Edmund Lyng">Lyng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_Yeutter" title="Clayton Yeutter">Yeutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Rell_Madigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Rell Madigan">Madigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Espy" title="Mike Espy">Espy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Glickman" title="Dan Glickman">Glickman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Veneman" title="Ann Veneman">Veneman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johanns" title="Mike Johanns">Johanns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Schafer" title="Ed Schafer">Schafer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Vilsack" title="Tom Vilsack">Vilsack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Perdue" title="Sonny Perdue">Perdue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Vilsack" title="Tom Vilsack">Vilsack</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="240" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_John_F._Kennedy_(1961–1963)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_cabinet" title="Template:Kennedy cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kennedy_cabinet" title="Template talk:Kennedy cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_John_F._Kennedy_(1961–1963)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (1961–1963)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/John_F._Kennedy%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_looking_up.jpg/100px-John_F._Kennedy%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_looking_up.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/John_F._Kennedy%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_looking_up.jpg/150px-John_F._Kennedy%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_looking_up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/John_F._Kennedy%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_looking_up.jpg/200px-John_F._Kennedy%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_looking_up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="970" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Rusk" title="Dean Rusk">Dean Rusk</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._Douglas_Dillon" title="C. Douglas Dillon">C. Douglas Dillon</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_McNamara" title="Robert McNamara">Robert McNamara</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Edward_Day" title="J. Edward Day">J. Edward Day</a> (1961–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Gronouski" title="John A. Gronouski">John A. Gronouski</a> (1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Udall" title="Stewart Udall">Stewart Udall</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Orville Freeman</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luther_H._Hodges" title="Luther H. Hodges">Luther H. Hodges</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Goldberg" title="Arthur Goldberg">Arthur Goldberg</a> (1961–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Willard_Wirtz" title="W. Willard Wirtz">W. Willard Wirtz</a> (1962–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Ribicoff" title="Abraham Ribicoff">Abraham Ribicoff</a> (1961–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_J._Celebrezze" title="Anthony J. Celebrezze">Anthony J. Celebrezze </a> (1962–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a> (1961–1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Lyndon_B._Johnson_(1963–1969)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LB_Johnson_cabinet" title="Template:LB Johnson cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:LB_Johnson_cabinet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:LB Johnson cabinet (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LB_Johnson_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LB Johnson cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Lyndon_B._Johnson_(1963–1969)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1963–1969)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>None</i> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a> (1965–1969)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lbj2.jpg/100px-Lbj2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lbj2.jpg/150px-Lbj2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lbj2.jpg/200px-Lbj2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3696" data-file-height="5552" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Rusk" title="Dean Rusk">Dean Rusk</a> (1963–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._Douglas_Dillon" title="C. Douglas Dillon">C. Douglas Dillon</a> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Fowler" title="Henry H. Fowler">Henry H. Fowler</a> (1965–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Barr" title="Joseph W. Barr">Joseph W. Barr</a> (1968–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_McNamara" title="Robert McNamara">Robert McNamara</a> (1963–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Clifford" title="Clark Clifford">Clark Clifford</a> (1968–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> (1963–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Katzenbach" title="Nicholas Katzenbach">Nicholas Katzenbach</a> (1964–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsey_Clark" title="Ramsey Clark">Ramsey Clark</a> (1966–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Gronouski" title="John A. Gronouski">John A. Gronouski</a> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_O%27Brien" title="Larry O'Brien">Larry O'Brien</a> (1965–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Marvin_Watson" title="W. Marvin Watson">W. Marvin Watson</a> (1968–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Udall" title="Stewart Udall">Stewart Udall</a> (1963–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Orville Freeman</a> (1963–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luther_H._Hodges" title="Luther H. Hodges">Luther H. Hodges</a> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Connor" title="John T. Connor">John T. Connor</a> (1965–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Trowbridge" title="Alexander Trowbridge">Alexander Trowbridge</a> (1967–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._R._Smith" title="C. R. Smith">C. R. Smith</a> (1968–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._Willard_Wirtz" title="W. Willard Wirtz">W. Willard Wirtz</a> (1963–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_J._Celebrezze" title="Anthony J. Celebrezze">Anthony J. Celebrezze</a> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Gardner" title="John W. Gardner">John W. Gardner</a> (1965–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_J._Cohen" title="Wilbur J. Cohen">Wilbur J. Cohen</a> (1968–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Weaver" title="Robert C. Weaver">Robert C. Weaver</a> (1966–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Coldwell_Wood" title="Robert Coldwell Wood">Robert Coldwell Wood</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_S._Boyd" title="Alan S. Boyd">Alan S. Boyd</a> (1967–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson II</a> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Goldberg" title="Arthur Goldberg">Arthur Goldberg</a> (1965–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ball_(diplomat)" title="George Ball (diplomat)">George Ball</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Wiggins" title="James Russell Wiggins">James Russell Wiggins</a> (1968–1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q888636#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q888636#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q888636#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/17005148X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80137613">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p148605850">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007281999705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/081675569">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10567859">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6k7783t">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&oldid=1255245392">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orville_Freeman&oldid=1255245392</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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