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Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9589984]'), work: {"id":9589984,"title":"Doctor–Patient Communication, Health-Related Beliefs, and Adherence in Glaucoma","created_at":"2014-12-02T03:10:50.881-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9589984/Doctor_Patient_Communication_Health_Related_Beliefs_and_Adherence_in_Glaucoma?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_9589984","summary":"Objective: To use multiple data sources to determine drivers of patient adherence to topical ocular hypotensive therapy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47714345,"asset_id":9589984,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22721789,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Tan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JasonTan23","display_name":"Jason 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Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13297927" data-work_id="13297927" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13297927/Visual_Symptoms_and_Retinal_Straylight_after_Laser_Peripheral_Iridotomy_The_Zhongshan_Angle_Closure_Prevention_Trial">Visual Symptoms and Retinal Straylight after Laser Peripheral Iridotomy: The Zhongshan Angle-Closure Prevention Trial</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on forward-scatter of light and subjective visual symptoms and to identify LPI parameters influencing these phenomena. DESIGN: Cohort study derived from a randomized... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13297927" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on forward-scatter of light and subjective visual symptoms and to identify LPI parameters influencing these phenomena. DESIGN: Cohort study derived from a randomized trial, using an external control group. PARTICIPANTS: Chinese subjects initially aged 50 or older and 70 years or younger with bilateral narrow angles undergoing LPI in 1 eye selected at random, and age- and gender-matched controls. METHODS: Eighteen months after laser, LPI-treated subjects underwent digital iris photography and photogrammetry to characterize the size and location of the LPI, Lens Opacity Classification System III cataract grading, and measurement of retinal straylight (C-Quant; OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany) in the treated and untreated eyes and completed a visual symptoms questionnaire. Controls answered the questionnaire and underwent straylight measurement and (in a random one-sixth sample) cataract grading. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retina...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13297927" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="35d86ddfc29afdad0278f531100491e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45497790,"asset_id":13297927,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45497790/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32547541" href="https://qub.academia.edu/NathanCongdon">Nathan Congdon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32547541" type="text/json">{"id":32547541,"first_name":"Nathan","last_name":"Congdon","domain_name":"qub","page_name":"NathanCongdon","display_name":"Nathan Congdon","profile_url":"https://qub.academia.edu/NathanCongdon?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32547541/80338835/68916862/s65_nathan.congdon.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13297927 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13297927"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13297927, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13297927", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13297927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13297927").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13297927").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13297927"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15851" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_state_lasers">Solid state lasers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15851" type="text/json">{"id":15851,"name":"Solid state lasers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_state_lasers?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina">Retina</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="117200" type="text/json">{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13297927]'), work: {"id":13297927,"title":"Visual Symptoms and Retinal Straylight after Laser Peripheral Iridotomy: The Zhongshan Angle-Closure Prevention Trial","created_at":"2015-06-25T19:54:11.669-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13297927/Visual_Symptoms_and_Retinal_Straylight_after_Laser_Peripheral_Iridotomy_The_Zhongshan_Angle_Closure_Prevention_Trial?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_13297927","summary":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on forward-scatter of light and subjective visual symptoms and to identify LPI parameters influencing these phenomena. DESIGN: Cohort study derived from a randomized trial, using an external control group. PARTICIPANTS: Chinese subjects initially aged 50 or older and 70 years or younger with bilateral narrow angles undergoing LPI in 1 eye selected at random, and age- and gender-matched controls. METHODS: Eighteen months after laser, LPI-treated subjects underwent digital iris photography and photogrammetry to characterize the size and location of the LPI, Lens Opacity Classification System III cataract grading, and measurement of retinal straylight (C-Quant; OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany) in the treated and untreated eyes and completed a visual symptoms questionnaire. Controls answered the questionnaire and underwent straylight measurement and (in a random one-sixth sample) cataract grading. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retina...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45497790,"asset_id":13297927,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32547541,"first_name":"Nathan","last_name":"Congdon","domain_name":"qub","page_name":"NathanCongdon","display_name":"Nathan Congdon","profile_url":"https://qub.academia.edu/NathanCongdon?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32547541/80338835/68916862/s65_nathan.congdon.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":15851,"name":"Solid state lasers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_state_lasers?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":121320,"name":"Intraocular 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research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":469022,"name":"Vision Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision_Disorders?f_ri=627"},{"id":591484,"name":"Laser Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Therapy?f_ri=627"},{"id":619723,"name":"Iris","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iris?f_ri=627"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":990525,"name":"Retinal Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_Diseases?f_ri=627"},{"id":1819400,"name":"Cohort Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cohort_Studies?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4905922" data-work_id="4905922" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4905922/Excimer_laser_correction_of_moderate_to_high_astigmatism_with_a_non_wavefront_guided_aberration_free_ablation_profile_Six_month_results">Excimer laser correction of moderate to high astigmatism with a non-wavefront-guided aberration-free ablation profile: Six-month results</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">PURPOSE: To evaluate the postoperative clinical outcomes and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with astigmatism greater than 2.00 diopters (D) that had laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a non-wavefront-guided... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4905922" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PURPOSE: To evaluate the postoperative clinical outcomes and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with astigmatism greater than 2.00 diopters (D) that had laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a non-wavefront-guided aberration-free ablation profile.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4905922" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d366987696a251e3a1ed87b728ef7f3c" rel="nofollow" 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4905922").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4905922"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="647" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery">Surgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="647" type="text/json">{"id":647,"name":"Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment">Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8942" type="text/json">{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4905922]'), work: {"id":4905922,"title":"Excimer laser correction of moderate to high astigmatism with a non-wavefront-guided aberration-free ablation profile: Six-month results","created_at":"2013-10-27T08:32:55.033-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4905922/Excimer_laser_correction_of_moderate_to_high_astigmatism_with_a_non_wavefront_guided_aberration_free_ablation_profile_Six_month_results?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_4905922","summary":"PURPOSE: To evaluate the postoperative clinical outcomes and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with astigmatism greater than 2.00 diopters (D) that had laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a non-wavefront-guided aberration-free ablation profile.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49568443,"asset_id":4905922,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6406573,"first_name":"Camila","last_name":"Vidal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VidalCamila","display_name":"Camila Vidal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VidalCamila?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6406573/44185301/34868069/s65_camila.vidal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":647,"name":"Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627"},{"id":114855,"name":"Astigmatism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astigmatism?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":379324,"name":"High","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High?f_ri=627"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":838674,"name":"Excimer Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excimer_Laser?f_ri=627"},{"id":1161531,"name":"Corneal topography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corneal_topography?f_ri=627"},{"id":1269940,"name":"Excimer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excimer?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79990823" data-work_id="79990823" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79990823/Migrating_Behavior_of_Presumed_Toxocara_Presenting_as_Punctate_Inner_Choroidopathy_Idiopathic_Choroidal_Neovascularization_and_Diffuse_Unilateral_Subacute_Neuroretinitis">Migrating Behavior of Presumed Toxocara Presenting as Punctate Inner Choroidopathy, Idiopathic Choroidal Neovascularization, and Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: To document the intraretinal migration of presumed toxocara larvae mimicking punctate inner choroidopathy, idiopathic choroidal neovascularization, and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. Methods: Sequential color... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79990823" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: To document the intraretinal migration of presumed toxocara larvae mimicking punctate inner choroidopathy, idiopathic choroidal neovascularization, and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. Methods: Sequential color photographs, fluorescein angiograms, and optical coherence tomography were performed in three unrelated adult patients with presumed ocular toxocariasis. Results: Characteristic fundoscopic manifestations simulating punctate inner choroidopathy, idiopathic choroidal neovascularization, and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis were reported in these patients, respectively. Conclusion: Presumed toxocara larvae must be included as a potential cause of different inflammatory diseases as a result of its migration through the retinal layers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79990823" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5e320da550aa55af9b4623a9d39b6783" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86520919,"asset_id":79990823,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86520919/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57961489" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeonardoCastro69">Leonardo Castro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57961489" type="text/json">{"id":57961489,"first_name":"Leonardo","last_name":"Castro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeonardoCastro69","display_name":"Leonardo Castro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeonardoCastro69?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57961489/22128966/21364349/s65_leonardo.castro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79990823 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79990823"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79990823, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79990823", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_79990823 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79990823; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_79990823"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_79990823 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79990823"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79990823; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79990823]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79990823").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79990823").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79990823"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="359001" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology">Optometry and Ophthalmology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="359001" type="text/json">{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79990823]'), work: {"id":79990823,"title":"Migrating Behavior of Presumed Toxocara Presenting as Punctate Inner Choroidopathy, Idiopathic Choroidal Neovascularization, and Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitis","created_at":"2022-05-26T10:52:09.276-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79990823/Migrating_Behavior_of_Presumed_Toxocara_Presenting_as_Punctate_Inner_Choroidopathy_Idiopathic_Choroidal_Neovascularization_and_Diffuse_Unilateral_Subacute_Neuroretinitis?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_79990823","summary":"Purpose: To document the intraretinal migration of presumed toxocara larvae mimicking punctate inner choroidopathy, idiopathic choroidal neovascularization, and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. Methods: Sequential color photographs, fluorescein angiograms, and optical coherence tomography were performed in three unrelated adult patients with presumed ocular toxocariasis. Results: Characteristic fundoscopic manifestations simulating punctate inner choroidopathy, idiopathic choroidal neovascularization, and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis were reported in these patients, respectively. Conclusion: Presumed toxocara larvae must be included as a potential cause of different inflammatory diseases as a result of its migration through the retinal layers.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86520919,"asset_id":79990823,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57961489,"first_name":"Leonardo","last_name":"Castro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeonardoCastro69","display_name":"Leonardo Castro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeonardoCastro69?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57961489/22128966/21364349/s65_leonardo.castro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79631210" data-work_id="79631210" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79631210/Intrapapillary_and_Peripapillary_Hemorrhage_in_Young_Patients_with_Incomplete_Posterior_Vitreous_Detachment_Signs_of_Vitreopapillary_Traction">Intrapapillary and Peripapillary Hemorrhage in Young Patients with Incomplete Posterior Vitreous Detachment. Signs of Vitreopapillary Traction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79631210" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ffe49c4982f6f590eaac0822b7dc962c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86280083,"asset_id":79631210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86280083/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37719013" href="https://sote.academia.edu/TiborMilibak">Tibor Milibak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37719013" type="text/json">{"id":37719013,"first_name":"Tibor","last_name":"Milibak","domain_name":"sote","page_name":"TiborMilibak","display_name":"Tibor Milibak","profile_url":"https://sote.academia.edu/TiborMilibak?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79631210 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79631210"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79631210, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79631210", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79631210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79631210").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79631210").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79631210"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64933" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child">Child</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64933" type="text/json">{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79631210]'), work: {"id":79631210,"title":"Intrapapillary and Peripapillary Hemorrhage in Young Patients with Incomplete Posterior Vitreous Detachment. Signs of Vitreopapillary Traction","created_at":"2022-05-22T01:08:55.344-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79631210/Intrapapillary_and_Peripapillary_Hemorrhage_in_Young_Patients_with_Incomplete_Posterior_Vitreous_Detachment_Signs_of_Vitreopapillary_Traction?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_79631210","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86280083,"asset_id":79631210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37719013,"first_name":"Tibor","last_name":"Milibak","domain_name":"sote","page_name":"TiborMilibak","display_name":"Tibor Milibak","profile_url":"https://sote.academia.edu/TiborMilibak?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":81804,"name":"Neuro ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuro_ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":557542,"name":"Optic Disk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optic_Disk?f_ri=627"},{"id":982077,"name":"Refractive Errors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractive_Errors?f_ri=627"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":3005392,"name":"Eye Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye_Diseases?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76653863" data-work_id="76653863" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76653863/Termoterapia_Transpupilar_Para_O_Tratamento_De_Membrana_Neovascular_Sub_Retiniana_Oculta_Secund%C3%A1ria_%C3%A0_Degenera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Macular_Relacionada_%C3%A0_Idade_Transpupillary_">Termoterapia Transpupilar Para O Tratamento De Membrana Neovascular Sub-Retiniana Oculta Secundária à Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade; Transpupillary …</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 309887 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. experimental, Documentos... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76653863" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 309887 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. experimental, Documentos relacionados. Id: 309887. ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76653863" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="149e3ac68405c48dec289c981b62acd1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84290770,"asset_id":76653863,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84290770/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38881471" href="https://independent.academia.edu/M%C3%A1rcioNehemy">Márcio Nehemy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38881471" type="text/json">{"id":38881471,"first_name":"Márcio","last_name":"Nehemy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MárcioNehemy","display_name":"Márcio Nehemy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/M%C3%A1rcioNehemy?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76653863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76653863"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76653863, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76653863", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76653863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76653863; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76653863"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76653863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76653863"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76653863; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76653863]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76653863").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76653863").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76653863"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76653863]'), work: {"id":76653863,"title":"Termoterapia Transpupilar Para O Tratamento De Membrana Neovascular Sub-Retiniana Oculta Secundária à Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade; Transpupillary …","created_at":"2022-04-16T16:10:11.830-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76653863/Termoterapia_Transpupilar_Para_O_Tratamento_De_Membrana_Neovascular_Sub_Retiniana_Oculta_Secund%C3%A1ria_%C3%A0_Degenera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Macular_Relacionada_%C3%A0_Idade_Transpupillary_?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_76653863","summary":"Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 309887 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. experimental, Documentos relacionados. Id: 309887. ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84290770,"asset_id":76653863,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38881471,"first_name":"Márcio","last_name":"Nehemy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MárcioNehemy","display_name":"Márcio Nehemy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/M%C3%A1rcioNehemy?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76410367" data-work_id="76410367" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76410367/Jaborandi_Pilocarpus_sp_rutaceae_A_wild_species">Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp., rutaceae): A wild species</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp.;) is a shrub or small tree 3-7.5 m tall that can be found in native stands or as isolated individuals throughout Brazil. The leaves of jaborandi contain the alkaloid pilocarpine, widely used in ophthalmology for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76410367" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp.;) is a shrub or small tree 3-7.5 m tall that can be found in native stands or as isolated individuals throughout Brazil. The leaves of jaborandi contain the alkaloid pilocarpine, widely used in ophthalmology for treatment of certain types of glaucoma and more recently for xerostomia. This paper discusses the current systems of production of jaborandi leaves in Maranhao, Northeastern Brazil. On one side, the extractivism practiced by indigenous people and peasants; on the other, the plantation recently established, as the result of heavy investment by a pharmaceutical company. In the extractive system, the non-sustainable exploitation of the drug-rich leaves of this plant species may have produced considerable damage to the native populations over time, reducing the size of the populations, and impoverishing their gene pools. The following potential effects of the plantation are discussed; contribute to diminishing the pressure on wild populations; impact on the local people currently involved in the extractivism; and its impacts on the local economies. Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp., Rutaceae): Uma Esp6cie Nativa e Sua Rfipida Transforma~o em Cultura. Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp.) ~ um arbusto ou arvoreta de 3-7.5 m de altura, que pode ser encontrado em formaf6es nativas ou como indfviduos isolados em vdrias partes do Brazil. As folhas do jaborandi cont~m o alcal6ide pilocarpina, largamente utilizado em oftalmologia, no tratamento de certos tipos de glaucoma. Este trabalho mostra vdrios aspectos dos atuais sistemas de produfao de folhas de jaborandi no Maranh~o, Nordeste do Brasil. De um lado, o sistema extrativista praticado por comunidades indigenas e camponeses; do outro, a plan-tagSo, recentemente implantada como resultado de significativo investimento por parte de uma industria farmac~utica, buscando domesticaf~o desta esp~cie nativa. No sistema extrativista, a explorag8o extrativa das folhas de jaborandi pode estar produzindo danos considertiveis its populaf6es nativas, reduzindo o tamanho dessas populag6es e empobrecendo suas bases gen(ticas. A plantafao, por outro lado, levanta quest6es em relafao ~ sua contribuifao para diminuir a pressao sobre as populagSes nativas, sobre o futuro do povo atualmente envolvido no extrativismo, e os seus efeitos na economia local.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76410367" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b86b07393fa6c4b07f3b9849ffdf8371" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84127773,"asset_id":76410367,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84127773/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="220431634" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PinheiroClaudioUrbanoBittencourt">Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="220431634" type="text/json">{"id":220431634,"first_name":"Claudio Urbano Bittencourt","last_name":"Pinheiro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PinheiroClaudioUrbanoBittencourt","display_name":"Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PinheiroClaudioUrbanoBittencourt?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76410367 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76410367"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76410367, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76410367", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76410367]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76410367").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76410367").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76410367"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1700" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany">Ethnobotany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1700" type="text/json">{"id":1700,"name":"Ethnobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76410367]'), work: {"id":76410367,"title":"Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp., rutaceae): A wild species","created_at":"2022-04-14T03:42:38.223-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76410367/Jaborandi_Pilocarpus_sp_rutaceae_A_wild_species?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_76410367","summary":"Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp.;) is a shrub or small tree 3-7.5 m tall that can be found in native stands or as isolated individuals throughout Brazil. The leaves of jaborandi contain the alkaloid pilocarpine, widely used in ophthalmology for treatment of certain types of glaucoma and more recently for xerostomia. This paper discusses the current systems of production of jaborandi leaves in Maranhao, Northeastern Brazil. On one side, the extractivism practiced by indigenous people and peasants; on the other, the plantation recently established, as the result of heavy investment by a pharmaceutical company. In the extractive system, the non-sustainable exploitation of the drug-rich leaves of this plant species may have produced considerable damage to the native populations over time, reducing the size of the populations, and impoverishing their gene pools. The following potential effects of the plantation are discussed; contribute to diminishing the pressure on wild populations; impact on the local people currently involved in the extractivism; and its impacts on the local economies. Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp., Rutaceae): Uma Esp6cie Nativa e Sua Rfipida Transforma~o em Cultura. Jaborandi (Pilocarpus sp.) ~ um arbusto ou arvoreta de 3-7.5 m de altura, que pode ser encontrado em formaf6es nativas ou como indfviduos isolados em vdrias partes do Brazil. As folhas do jaborandi cont~m o alcal6ide pilocarpina, largamente utilizado em oftalmologia, no tratamento de certos tipos de glaucoma. Este trabalho mostra vdrios aspectos dos atuais sistemas de produfao de folhas de jaborandi no Maranh~o, Nordeste do Brasil. De um lado, o sistema extrativista praticado por comunidades indigenas e camponeses; do outro, a plan-tagSo, recentemente implantada como resultado de significativo investimento por parte de uma industria farmac~utica, buscando domesticaf~o desta esp~cie nativa. No sistema extrativista, a explorag8o extrativa das folhas de jaborandi pode estar produzindo danos considertiveis its populaf6es nativas, reduzindo o tamanho dessas populag6es e empobrecendo suas bases gen(ticas. A plantafao, por outro lado, levanta quest6es em relafao ~ sua contribuifao para diminuir a pressao sobre as populagSes nativas, sobre o futuro do povo atualmente envolvido no extrativismo, e os seus efeitos na economia local.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84127773,"asset_id":76410367,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":220431634,"first_name":"Claudio Urbano Bittencourt","last_name":"Pinheiro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PinheiroClaudioUrbanoBittencourt","display_name":"Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PinheiroClaudioUrbanoBittencourt?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1700,"name":"Ethnobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":9815,"name":"Developing Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Countries?f_ri=627"},{"id":69550,"name":"Economic botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_botany?f_ri=627"},{"id":142522,"name":"Domestication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestication?f_ri=627"},{"id":169719,"name":"Planting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Planting?f_ri=627"},{"id":211992,"name":"Sustainable Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Use?f_ri=627"},{"id":586072,"name":"Plant species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_species?f_ri=627"},{"id":743999,"name":"Production System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production_System?f_ri=627"},{"id":1002882,"name":"Pharmacological Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacological_Activity?f_ri=627"},{"id":1146646,"name":"Indigenous People","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_People?f_ri=627"},{"id":2216936,"name":"Northeastern Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northeastern_Brazil?f_ri=627"},{"id":2822285,"name":"Wild Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wild_Species?f_ri=627"},{"id":3510160,"name":"Tropical Zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Zone?f_ri=627"},{"id":3574456,"name":"Plant Leaf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Leaf?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68760298" data-work_id="68760298" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/68760298/Anatomy_of_Vertebral_Artery_and_Its_Variations_on_Color_Doppler_Scans">Anatomy of Vertebral Artery and Its Variations on Color Doppler Scans</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction-Vertebral artery is Sonographically evaluated in terms of its Diameter, blood flow volume and other characteristics in cases of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Anatomical variants in its origin and course are therefore... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68760298" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction-Vertebral artery is Sonographically evaluated in terms of its Diameter, blood flow volume and other characteristics in cases of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Anatomical variants in its origin and course are therefore important for a proper evaluation. Aim And Methodology-This study aimed to study Sonoanatomy of Vertebral artery and its variations on Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Normal Healthy Individuals aged over 35 Years enrolled as Controls and subjects of the same age group with a Clinical Diagnosis of Cervical Spondylitis who were called Cases. This Observational Comparative study included 120 individuals ( 60 cases and 60 controls) , selected by Convenience sampling at a the Radiology Department of a Medical College in Central India. Observations- Majority of individuals in both groups were in the age group 41-50 years, with the mean age 43 years. Anatomic origin of the vertebral artery from subclavian artery could sonographically be visualised more commonly ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68760298" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1f67fb3a571f145688f76227f38dce44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79123542,"asset_id":68760298,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79123542/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="167621774" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/bodhrajdhawan">bodhraj dhawan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="167621774" type="text/json">{"id":167621774,"first_name":"bodhraj","last_name":"dhawan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"bodhrajdhawan","display_name":"bodhraj dhawan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/bodhrajdhawan?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/167621774/123377651/112725670/s65_bodhraj.dhawan.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68760298 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68760298"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68760298, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68760298", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68760298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68760298").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68760298").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68760298"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="586" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="586" type="text/json">{"id":586,"name":"Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiology">Radiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="640" type="text/json">{"id":640,"name":"Radiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68760298]'), work: {"id":68760298,"title":"Anatomy of Vertebral Artery and Its Variations on Color Doppler Scans","created_at":"2022-01-19T22:45:26.728-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68760298/Anatomy_of_Vertebral_Artery_and_Its_Variations_on_Color_Doppler_Scans?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_68760298","summary":"Introduction-Vertebral artery is Sonographically evaluated in terms of its Diameter, blood flow volume and other characteristics in cases of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Anatomical variants in its origin and course are therefore important for a proper evaluation. Aim And Methodology-This study aimed to study Sonoanatomy of Vertebral artery and its variations on Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Normal Healthy Individuals aged over 35 Years enrolled as Controls and subjects of the same age group with a Clinical Diagnosis of Cervical Spondylitis who were called Cases. This Observational Comparative study included 120 individuals ( 60 cases and 60 controls) , selected by Convenience sampling at a the Radiology Department of a Medical College in Central India. Observations- Majority of individuals in both groups were in the age group 41-50 years, with the mean age 43 years. Anatomic origin of the vertebral artery from subclavian artery could sonographically be visualised more commonly ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79123542,"asset_id":68760298,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":167621774,"first_name":"bodhraj","last_name":"dhawan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"bodhrajdhawan","display_name":"bodhraj dhawan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/bodhrajdhawan?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/167621774/123377651/112725670/s65_bodhraj.dhawan.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":586,"name":"Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":640,"name":"Radiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68355258" data-work_id="68355258" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68355258/Interim_Results_from_the_International_Trial_of_Second_Sights_Visual_Prosthesis">Interim Results from the International Trial of Second Sight's Visual Prosthesis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">All subjects were followed up for a minimum of 6 months and up to 2.7 years. Methods: The electronic stimulator and antenna of the implant were sutured onto the sclera using an encircling silicone band. Next, a pars plana vitrectomy was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68355258" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">All subjects were followed up for a minimum of 6 months and up to 2.7 years. Methods: The electronic stimulator and antenna of the implant were sutured onto the sclera using an encircling silicone band. Next, a pars plana vitrectomy was performed, and the electrode array and cable were introduced into the eye via a pars plana sclerotomy. The microelectrode array then was tacked to the epiretinal surface. Main Outcome Measures: The primary safety end points for the trial were the number, severity, and relation of adverse events. Principal performance end points were assessments of visual function as well as performance on orientation and mobility tasks. Results: Subjects performed statistically better with the system on versus off in the following tasks: object localization (96% of subjects), motion discrimination (57%), and discrimination of oriented gratings (23%). The best recorded visual acuity to date is 20/1260. Subjects' mean performance on orientation and mobility tasks was significantly better when the system was on versus off. Seventy percent of the patients did not have any serious adverse events (SAEs). The most common SAE reported was either conjunctival erosion or dehiscence over the extraocular implant and was treated successfully in all subjects except in one, who required explantation of the device without further complications. Conclusions: The long-term safety results of Second Sight's retinal prosthesis system are acceptable, and most subjects with profound visual loss perform better on visual tasks with system than without it.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68355258" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="604800ffaa8ca67cec035fd7e65d6ee4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78858801,"asset_id":68355258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78858801/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="175153936" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ARTUROSANTOS57">ARTURO SANTOS</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="175153936" type="text/json">{"id":175153936,"first_name":"ARTURO","last_name":"SANTOS","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ARTUROSANTOS57","display_name":"ARTURO SANTOS","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ARTUROSANTOS57?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68355258 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68355258"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68355258, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68355258", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68355258]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68355258").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68355258").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68355258"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5097" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blindness">Blindness</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5097" type="text/json">{"id":5097,"name":"Blindness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blindness?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17302" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_coherence_tomography">Optical coherence tomography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17302" type="text/json">{"id":17302,"name":"Optical coherence tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_coherence_tomography?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68355258]'), work: {"id":68355258,"title":"Interim Results from the International Trial of Second Sight's Visual Prosthesis","created_at":"2022-01-15T19:19:48.201-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68355258/Interim_Results_from_the_International_Trial_of_Second_Sights_Visual_Prosthesis?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_68355258","summary":"All subjects were followed up for a minimum of 6 months and up to 2.7 years. Methods: The electronic stimulator and antenna of the implant were sutured onto the sclera using an encircling silicone band. Next, a pars plana vitrectomy was performed, and the electrode array and cable were introduced into the eye via a pars plana sclerotomy. The microelectrode array then was tacked to the epiretinal surface. Main Outcome Measures: The primary safety end points for the trial were the number, severity, and relation of adverse events. Principal performance end points were assessments of visual function as well as performance on orientation and mobility tasks. Results: Subjects performed statistically better with the system on versus off in the following tasks: object localization (96% of subjects), motion discrimination (57%), and discrimination of oriented gratings (23%). The best recorded visual acuity to date is 20/1260. Subjects' mean performance on orientation and mobility tasks was significantly better when the system was on versus off. Seventy percent of the patients did not have any serious adverse events (SAEs). The most common SAE reported was either conjunctival erosion or dehiscence over the extraocular implant and was treated successfully in all subjects except in one, who required explantation of the device without further complications. Conclusions: The long-term safety results of Second Sight's retinal prosthesis system are acceptable, and most subjects with profound visual loss perform better on visual tasks with system than without it.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78858801,"asset_id":68355258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":175153936,"first_name":"ARTURO","last_name":"SANTOS","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ARTUROSANTOS57","display_name":"ARTURO SANTOS","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ARTUROSANTOS57?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":5097,"name":"Blindness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blindness?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":17302,"name":"Optical coherence tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_coherence_tomography?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627"},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":100540,"name":"Feasibility Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feasibility_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627"},{"id":139145,"name":"Retinal Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_Degeneration?f_ri=627"},{"id":184907,"name":"Microelectrodes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microelectrodes?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":3557622,"name":"sclera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/sclera?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67576788 coauthored" data-work_id="67576788" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67576788/Witnessing_the_spectacle_eye_goggles_in_the_eye">Witnessing the spectacle eye goggles in the eye</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Witnessing the spectacle/eye goggles in the eye: An investigative optical coherence tomography analysis of macula in advanced diabetic eye disease Case 1 A 79-year-old male presented with defective vision in both eyes (OU) for the past 6... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67576788" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Witnessing the spectacle/eye goggles in the eye: An investigative optical coherence tomography analysis of macula in advanced diabetic eye disease Case 1 A 79-year-old male presented with defective vision in both eyes (OU) for the past 6 months. On examination, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was perception of light in right eye (OD) and 20/200 in left eye (OS). History taking revealed uncontrolled diabetic status for the past 10 years. The anterior segment OU was normal. The fundus examination revealed advanced diabetic eye disease OU with vitreous hemorrhage, subhyaloid hemorrhage, vitreomacular traction (VMT), and tractional retinal detachment (TRD); in the structural form of spectacle in optical coherence tomography (OCT) of OS macula [Fig. 1]. Trans pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), VMT release, membrane peeling, fluid air exchange, and silicone oil tamponade were planned for OU. [1,2] Case 2 A 73-year-old female presented with defective vision OD for the past 9 months. On examination, BCVA was hand movements positive (HM+) in OD and 20/200 in OS. There was a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus for the past 8 years. The anterior segment OU was normal. The fundus examination revealed advanced diabetic eye disease OU with epiretinal membrane, panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) laser marks, extensive fibrovascular proliferation, VMT, and TRD; in the structural form of eye goggles in OCT of OD macula [Fig. 2]. Trans PPV, VMT release, membrane peeling, fluid air exchange, and silicone oil tamponade were planned for OU. [1,2] Declaration of patient consent The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patient(s) understand that his/her/their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal his/her/their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67576788" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="596d8eee50383928be17bb6d850c400c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78342516,"asset_id":67576788,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78342516/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="194948227" href="https://jipmer.academia.edu/AjiK">Aji K Devadas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="194948227" type="text/json">{"id":194948227,"first_name":"Aji","last_name":"Devadas","domain_name":"jipmer","page_name":"AjiK","display_name":"Aji K Devadas","profile_url":"https://jipmer.academia.edu/AjiK?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/194948227/57381585/60251983/s65_aji.k.jpeg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-67576788">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-67576788"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/shruthyvaishali">shruthy vaishali</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-67576788'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-67576788').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67576788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67576788"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67576788, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67576788", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67576788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67576788; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67576788"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67576788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67576788"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67576788; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67576788]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67576788").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67576788").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67576788"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67576788]'), work: {"id":67576788,"title":"Witnessing the spectacle eye goggles in the eye","created_at":"2022-01-07T20:49:12.838-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67576788/Witnessing_the_spectacle_eye_goggles_in_the_eye?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_67576788","summary":"Witnessing the spectacle/eye goggles in the eye: An investigative optical coherence tomography analysis of macula in advanced diabetic eye disease Case 1 A 79-year-old male presented with defective vision in both eyes (OU) for the past 6 months. On examination, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was perception of light in right eye (OD) and 20/200 in left eye (OS). History taking revealed uncontrolled diabetic status for the past 10 years. The anterior segment OU was normal. The fundus examination revealed advanced diabetic eye disease OU with vitreous hemorrhage, subhyaloid hemorrhage, vitreomacular traction (VMT), and tractional retinal detachment (TRD); in the structural form of spectacle in optical coherence tomography (OCT) of OS macula [Fig. 1]. Trans pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), VMT release, membrane peeling, fluid air exchange, and silicone oil tamponade were planned for OU. [1,2] Case 2 A 73-year-old female presented with defective vision OD for the past 9 months. On examination, BCVA was hand movements positive (HM+) in OD and 20/200 in OS. There was a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus for the past 8 years. The anterior segment OU was normal. The fundus examination revealed advanced diabetic eye disease OU with epiretinal membrane, panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) laser marks, extensive fibrovascular proliferation, VMT, and TRD; in the structural form of eye goggles in OCT of OD macula [Fig. 2]. Trans PPV, VMT release, membrane peeling, fluid air exchange, and silicone oil tamponade were planned for OU. [1,2] Declaration of patient consent The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patient(s) understand that his/her/their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal his/her/their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78342516,"asset_id":67576788,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":194948227,"first_name":"Aji","last_name":"Devadas","domain_name":"jipmer","page_name":"AjiK","display_name":"Aji K Devadas","profile_url":"https://jipmer.academia.edu/AjiK?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/194948227/57381585/60251983/s65_aji.k.jpeg"},{"id":212498266,"first_name":"shruthy","last_name":"vaishali","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"shruthyvaishali","display_name":"shruthy vaishali","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/shruthyvaishali?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/212498266/71598859/60046728/s65_shruthy.vaishali.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63480483" data-work_id="63480483" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63480483/Lower_Eyelid_Retractors_in_Caucasians">Lower Eyelid Retractors in Caucasians</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: To examine the microscopic anatomic features of lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians, specifically looking for an anatomic division of the retractors into 2 layers, as is present in the Asian eyelid. Design: Experimental... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63480483" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: To examine the microscopic anatomic features of lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians, specifically looking for an anatomic division of the retractors into 2 layers, as is present in the Asian eyelid. Design: Experimental anatomic study. Participants: Seven Caucasian cadavers (13 lower eyelids: 7 right and 6 left). Methods: Sagittal full-thickness sections of the cadaveric lower eyelids were prepared and stained with Masson's trichrome. The specimens were examined microscopically to discern the configuration of the lower eyelid retractors. Micrographs were obtained with a digital camera system attached to the microscope. Main Outcome Measures: Histologic findings of the lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians. Results: Although 2 specimens were excluded because anatomic details were severely disrupted during slide preparation, all the other samples demonstrated clear double layers of the lower eyelid retractors. Conclusions: The lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians consist of clear double layers. In this regard, no differences were detected between Caucasian and Asian eyelid anatomic features.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63480483" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6ea7efcd44237c25a0db26a9776fb8c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75897854,"asset_id":63480483,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75897854/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38571872" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MalhotraRaman">Raman Malhotra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38571872" type="text/json">{"id":38571872,"first_name":"Raman","last_name":"Malhotra","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MalhotraRaman","display_name":"Raman Malhotra","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MalhotraRaman?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63480483 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63480483"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63480483, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63480483", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63480483]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63480483").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63480483").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63480483"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65171" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smooth_muscle">Smooth muscle</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="65171" type="text/json">{"id":65171,"name":"Smooth muscle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smooth_muscle?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="289271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged">Aged</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="289271" type="text/json">{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63480483]'), work: {"id":63480483,"title":"Lower Eyelid Retractors in Caucasians","created_at":"2021-12-07T13:50:07.537-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63480483/Lower_Eyelid_Retractors_in_Caucasians?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_63480483","summary":"Purpose: To examine the microscopic anatomic features of lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians, specifically looking for an anatomic division of the retractors into 2 layers, as is present in the Asian eyelid. Design: Experimental anatomic study. Participants: Seven Caucasian cadavers (13 lower eyelids: 7 right and 6 left). Methods: Sagittal full-thickness sections of the cadaveric lower eyelids were prepared and stained with Masson's trichrome. The specimens were examined microscopically to discern the configuration of the lower eyelid retractors. Micrographs were obtained with a digital camera system attached to the microscope. Main Outcome Measures: Histologic findings of the lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians. Results: Although 2 specimens were excluded because anatomic details were severely disrupted during slide preparation, all the other samples demonstrated clear double layers of the lower eyelid retractors. Conclusions: The lower eyelid retractors in Caucasians consist of clear double layers. In this regard, no differences were detected between Caucasian and Asian eyelid anatomic features.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75897854,"asset_id":63480483,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38571872,"first_name":"Raman","last_name":"Malhotra","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MalhotraRaman","display_name":"Raman Malhotra","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MalhotraRaman?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":65171,"name":"Smooth muscle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smooth_muscle?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31289499/Ocular_Complications_Associated_with_Retrobulbar_Anesthesia">Ocular Complications Associated with Retrobulbar Anesthesia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31289499" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8722af5f087c1c3a04f2e6627f1831a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51687849,"asset_id":31289499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button 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Davidorf","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FrederickDavidorf?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31289499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31289499"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31289499, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31289499", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31289499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31289499; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31289499"); 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class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31289499"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optic_Nerve">Optic Nerve</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71422" type="text/json">{"id":71422,"name":"Optic Nerve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optic_Nerve?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="210781" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Local_Anesthesia">Dental Local Anesthesia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="210781" type="text/json">{"id":210781,"name":"Dental Local Anesthesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Local_Anesthesia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31289499]'), work: {"id":31289499,"title":"Ocular Complications Associated with Retrobulbar 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Anesthesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Local_Anesthesia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":245634,"name":"Eye","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":1004785,"name":"Hemorrhage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hemorrhage?f_ri=627"},{"id":1051825,"name":"Retinal Vein Occlusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_Vein_Occlusion?f_ri=627"},{"id":1281013,"name":"Embolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embolism?f_ri=627"},{"id":1450141,"name":"Needles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Needles?f_ri=627"},{"id":1757315,"name":"Injections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Injections?f_ri=627"},{"id":2562017,"name":"Choroid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Choroid?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27241497" data-work_id="27241497" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27241497/Does_amblyopia_protect_against_age_related_maculopathy">Does amblyopia protect against age-related maculopathy?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A peculiar occasional observation prompted our attention some years ago on the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and amblyopia. A 75-year old gentleman, family friend of one of us (ECC) for decades, developed an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27241497" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A peculiar occasional observation prompted our attention some years ago on the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and amblyopia. A 75-year old gentleman, family friend of one of us (ECC) for decades, developed an hemorragic type of AMD in his sound eye. The other eye had a severe strabismic amblyopia, with excentric fixation and a visual acuity not better than 6/30. Initial fluorangiographic retinal changes were present in this eye as well. Over an eight year period no functional deterioration took place in the amblyopic eye, with only light perception present in the sound eye. Based on this clinical observation, we undertook a prospective study for evaluating the time course of a possible symmetrization of AMD in patients with strabismic amblyopia in which AMD started in the non-amblyopic eye. Ten patients initially presenting with clinically relevant AMD in one eye have been followed over a six year period. Five had esotropia with deep amblyopia of the deviated eye and five had normal binocular vision. The amblyopic patients were selected on the basis of the presence of an AMD in the sound eye. Visual acuity measurements and retinal fluorescein angiography (RFA) were repeated annually, in order to detect the time course of involvement of the second eye. Visual acuity of the eye with AMD in the patients with strabismic amblyopia of the other eye deteriorated rapidly to levels lower than that of the amblyopic eye (between 2 and 8 months from the initial observation). In the amblyopic eye, there was no change in the visual acuity over the six year period. In the strabismic patients the macular lesions of the eyes with AMD deteriorated from an hemorragic to a cicatricial stage in all five patients after 2 to 12 months. The RFA of the amblyopic eye showed initial changes, i.e., 'typical' or 'exudat-ive' drusen, after 6 to 48 months from the beginning of the study. Visual acuity testing in both eyes of the five patients without strabismus showed a progressive although slow deterioration in both the originally affected eye and the second eye. An initial deterioration of visual acuity in the second eye could be observed after 12 to 38 months from the beginning of the study. Visual acuity in the two eyes tended to be equal at the end of the observation period of six years. The earliest signs of the disease in the originally non-affected eye were revealed by RFA after 8 to 24 months from the beginning of the study.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27241497" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fbddeb19c911a90843bb79eb2a467143" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47500957,"asset_id":27241497,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47500957/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51334088" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CostantinoSchiavi">Costantino Schiavi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51334088" type="text/json">{"id":51334088,"first_name":"Costantino","last_name":"Schiavi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CostantinoSchiavi","display_name":"Costantino Schiavi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CostantinoSchiavi?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27241497 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27241497"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27241497, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27241497", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27241497]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27241497").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27241497").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27241497"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28865" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amblyopia">Amblyopia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28865" type="text/json">{"id":28865,"name":"Amblyopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amblyopia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration">Macular Degeneration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40272" type="text/json">{"id":40272,"name":"Macular Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27241497]'), work: {"id":27241497,"title":"Does amblyopia protect against age-related maculopathy?","created_at":"2016-07-25T06:14:29.818-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27241497/Does_amblyopia_protect_against_age_related_maculopathy?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_27241497","summary":"A peculiar occasional observation prompted our attention some years ago on the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and amblyopia. A 75-year old gentleman, family friend of one of us (ECC) for decades, developed an hemorragic type of AMD in his sound eye. The other eye had a severe strabismic amblyopia, with excentric fixation and a visual acuity not better than 6/30. Initial fluorangiographic retinal changes were present in this eye as well. Over an eight year period no functional deterioration took place in the amblyopic eye, with only light perception present in the sound eye. Based on this clinical observation, we undertook a prospective study for evaluating the time course of a possible symmetrization of AMD in patients with strabismic amblyopia in which AMD started in the non-amblyopic eye. Ten patients initially presenting with clinically relevant AMD in one eye have been followed over a six year period. Five had esotropia with deep amblyopia of the deviated eye and five had normal binocular vision. The amblyopic patients were selected on the basis of the presence of an AMD in the sound eye. Visual acuity measurements and retinal fluorescein angiography (RFA) were repeated annually, in order to detect the time course of involvement of the second eye. Visual acuity of the eye with AMD in the patients with strabismic amblyopia of the other eye deteriorated rapidly to levels lower than that of the amblyopic eye (between 2 and 8 months from the initial observation). In the amblyopic eye, there was no change in the visual acuity over the six year period. In the strabismic patients the macular lesions of the eyes with AMD deteriorated from an hemorragic to a cicatricial stage in all five patients after 2 to 12 months. The RFA of the amblyopic eye showed initial changes, i.e., 'typical' or 'exudat-ive' drusen, after 6 to 48 months from the beginning of the study. Visual acuity testing in both eyes of the five patients without strabismus showed a progressive although slow deterioration in both the originally affected eye and the second eye. An initial deterioration of visual acuity in the second eye could be observed after 12 to 38 months from the beginning of the study. Visual acuity in the two eyes tended to be equal at the end of the observation period of six years. The earliest signs of the disease in the originally non-affected eye were revealed by RFA after 8 to 24 months from the beginning of the study.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47500957,"asset_id":27241497,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51334088,"first_name":"Costantino","last_name":"Schiavi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CostantinoSchiavi","display_name":"Costantino Schiavi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CostantinoSchiavi?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":28865,"name":"Amblyopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amblyopia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40272,"name":"Macular Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":158333,"name":"Receptive Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Receptive_Field?f_ri=627"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=627"},{"id":237463,"name":"Age related macular degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_related_macular_degeneration?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":428577,"name":"Sensory Deprivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensory_Deprivation?f_ri=627"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26131144" data-work_id="26131144" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26131144/Evidence_of_Genetic_Heterogeneity_in_MRCS_Microcornea_Rod_Cone_Dystrophy_Cataract_and_Posterior_Staphyloma_Syndrome">Evidence of Genetic Heterogeneity in MRCS (Microcornea, Rod-Cone Dystrophy, Cataract, and Posterior Staphyloma) Syndrome</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">PURPOSE: To present the detailed phenotype of a subject with MRCS (microcornea, retinal dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma) syndrome and to investigate the underlying molecular genetic basis. DESIGN: Interventional case report.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26131144" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PURPOSE: To present the detailed phenotype of a subject with MRCS (microcornea, retinal dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma) syndrome and to investigate the underlying molecular genetic basis. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: Clinical examination, electrophysiologic assessment, B-scan ultrasonography, and mutation screening of the gene VMD2. The protocol of the study was approved by the local ethics committee and informed consent was obtained. RESULTS: A 12-year-old boy was identified with bilateral microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, congenital cataracts, and posterior staphylomata associated with high myopia (MRCS). Mutation screening failed to identify diseasecausing sequence variants in VMD2, the gene associated</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26131144" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fa366590e57127b8a51d47509c828f8a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46469387,"asset_id":26131144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46469387/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29250064" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichelMichaelides">Michel Michaelides</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29250064" type="text/json">{"id":29250064,"first_name":"Michel","last_name":"Michaelides","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichelMichaelides","display_name":"Michel Michaelides","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichelMichaelides?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26131144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26131144"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26131144, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26131144", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26131144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26131144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26131144"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26131144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26131144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26131144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26131144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26131144").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26131144").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26131144"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17721" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea">Cornea</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17721" type="text/json">{"id":17721,"name":"Cornea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43028" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Diversity">Genetic Diversity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43028" type="text/json">{"id":43028,"name":"Genetic Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Diversity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26131144]'), work: {"id":26131144,"title":"Evidence of Genetic Heterogeneity in MRCS (Microcornea, Rod-Cone Dystrophy, Cataract, and Posterior Staphyloma) Syndrome","created_at":"2016-06-14T04:07:01.000-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26131144/Evidence_of_Genetic_Heterogeneity_in_MRCS_Microcornea_Rod_Cone_Dystrophy_Cataract_and_Posterior_Staphyloma_Syndrome?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_26131144","summary":"PURPOSE: To present the detailed phenotype of a subject with MRCS (microcornea, retinal dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma) syndrome and to investigate the underlying molecular genetic basis. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: Clinical examination, electrophysiologic assessment, B-scan ultrasonography, and mutation screening of the gene VMD2. The protocol of the study was approved by the local ethics committee and informed consent was obtained. RESULTS: A 12-year-old boy was identified with bilateral microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, congenital cataracts, and posterior staphylomata associated with high myopia (MRCS). Mutation screening failed to identify diseasecausing sequence variants in VMD2, the gene associated","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46469387,"asset_id":26131144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29250064,"first_name":"Michel","last_name":"Michaelides","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichelMichaelides","display_name":"Michel Michaelides","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichelMichaelides?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":17721,"name":"Cornea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":43028,"name":"Genetic Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Diversity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=627"},{"id":84960,"name":"Retinitis pigmentosa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinitis_pigmentosa?f_ri=627"},{"id":144034,"name":"Cataract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract?f_ri=627"},{"id":151448,"name":"American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American?f_ri=627"},{"id":213897,"name":"Phenotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenotype?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":1225171,"name":"Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syndrome?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15921380" data-work_id="15921380" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15921380/Full_range_complex_spectral_optical_coherence_tomography_technique_in_eye_imaging">Full range complex spectral optical coherence tomography technique in eye imaging</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We demonstrate a new implementation of complex spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT) in biomedical imaging. By reconstruction of both amplitude and phase we are able to use the negative and positive optical path differences to get... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15921380" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We demonstrate a new implementation of complex spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT) in biomedical imaging. By reconstruction of both amplitude and phase we are able to use the negative and positive optical path differences to get images of objects of considerable thickness. An accompanying reduction of coherent noise improves the quality of the images. The property of the complex spectral OCT that permits the measurement range to be increased and permits the simultaneous use of phase and amplitude in spectral systems was not described previously. To show the potential of this technique we measured an anterior chamber of a porcine eye in vitro.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15921380" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="218d9410040a39018ffe3f44a8a2b295" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42822429,"asset_id":15921380,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42822429/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35084829" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaciejWojtkowski">Maciej Wojtkowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35084829" type="text/json">{"id":35084829,"first_name":"Maciej","last_name":"Wojtkowski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaciejWojtkowski","display_name":"Maciej Wojtkowski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaciejWojtkowski?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15921380 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15921380"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15921380, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15921380", }); 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By reconstruction of both amplitude and phase we are able to use the negative and positive optical path differences to get images of objects of considerable thickness. An accompanying reduction of coherent noise improves the quality of the images. The property of the complex spectral OCT that permits the measurement range to be increased and permits the simultaneous use of phase and amplitude in spectral systems was not described previously. To show the potential of this technique we measured an anterior chamber of a porcine eye in vitro.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42822429,"asset_id":15921380,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35084829,"first_name":"Maciej","last_name":"Wojtkowski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaciejWojtkowski","display_name":"Maciej Wojtkowski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaciejWojtkowski?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":17302,"name":"Optical coherence tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_coherence_tomography?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":25149,"name":"Holographic Interferometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holographic_Interferometry?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=627"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43512133" data-work_id="43512133" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43512133/The_Burden_of_Glaucoma_on_Canadian_Patients_Gaps_in_Understanding_the_Disease_and_its_Treatments">The Burden of Glaucoma on Canadian Patients: Gaps in Understanding the Disease and its Treatments</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Title: The Burden of Glaucoma on Canadian Patients: Gaps in Understanding the Disease and its Treatments Authors: Chad Andrews and Jennifer Pereira Category: Global and Public Health Ophthalmology Conference: Canadian Opthalmological... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43512133" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Title: The Burden of Glaucoma on Canadian Patients: Gaps in Understanding the Disease and its Treatments<br />Authors: Chad Andrews and Jennifer Pereira <br />Category: Global and Public Health Ophthalmology<br />Conference: Canadian Opthalmological Society Annual Conference (June 2020)<br /><br />Purpose: Affecting over 400,000 Canadians, glaucoma is a disease of the optic nerve and one of the leading causes of blindness in North America. This study seeks to better understand the daily struggles of living with glaucoma, and to offer the resulting analysis as a framework for guiding decisions related to new treatments in Canada. Any considered treatment should significantly reduce at least one of the following burdens: physical, psychological, and socioeconomic. One of the best ways to measure these burdens and to scrutinize our own understanding of a disease is to survey patients and provide them with a platform to describe their experiences.  <br /><br />Study design: Mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey study. <br /><br />Methods: Designed to collect data on the physical, psychological, financial, and other burdens associated with glaucoma, an online, IRB-approved survey was posted to Fighting Blindness Canada’s website on July 20, 2018, where it gathered responses over the course of several months. Data was analyzed for themes, patterns, and keywords.  <br /><br />Results: 244 Canadian respondents self-confirmed living with glaucoma. Most patients indicated having glaucoma in “both eyes” (76%), while a minority indicated having the disease in “one eye” (18%), and the remainder selected “other.” Patients rated the “severity of vision loss resulting from your glaucoma” on a scale from 1 to 10: most indicated 1 for “no vision loss” (24%), followed by ratings of 2 (17%), 3 (14%), 4 (12%), and 8 (7%). The average of these ratings is 3.88. Patients were also asked about how serious they consider their disease to be, how often they think about it, what kinds of barriers they face, what kind of activities they find difficult, what types of treatments they take, and which treatments they are aware of. Open-ended responses were collected in each section as well, providing qualitative perspectives that heightened and, in some cases, provided context for the quantitative survey results. <br /><br />Conclusions: A review of both qualitative and quantitative data showed that, especially in the context of an overall paucity of literature on the subject, there are significant gaps in our collective understanding of glaucoma: (1) gaps in our general understanding of the burdens associated with the disease; (2) gaps in the patient’s understanding of the treatment landscape; and (3) gaps in how patients understand the specific details of their own disease and diagnosis. A discussion of these gaps is the primary focus of this presentation. <br /><br />Disclosure of Relationships: Dr. Andrews reports grants received by Fighting Blindness Canada from AGTC, Allergan, Bayer, BMO, CIBC, Glaukos, I-MED Pharma, L'Occitane en Provence, MEDEC, MeiraGTx, Novartis, RBC Foundation, Shire, Spark Therapeutics, and Specialty Pharma Solutions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43512133" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="deb90e27738fd08b7e79913f0d98a40f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63822904,"asset_id":43512133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63822904/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47272714" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChadAndrews3">Chad Andrews</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47272714" type="text/json">{"id":47272714,"first_name":"Chad","last_name":"Andrews","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChadAndrews3","display_name":"Chad Andrews","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChadAndrews3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47272714/12477702/24016839/s65_chad.andrews.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43512133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43512133"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43512133, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43512133", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43512133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43512133").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43512133").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43512133"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Health_and_Illness">Sociology of Health and Illness</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53760" type="text/json">{"id":53760,"name":"Sociology of Health and Illness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Health_and_Illness?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96572" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glaucoma">Glaucoma</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="96572" type="text/json">{"id":96572,"name":"Glaucoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glaucoma?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1226896" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient-oriented_Research">Patient-oriented Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1226896" type="text/json">{"id":1226896,"name":"Patient-oriented Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient-oriented_Research?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43512133]'), work: {"id":43512133,"title":"The Burden of Glaucoma on Canadian Patients: Gaps in Understanding the Disease and its Treatments","created_at":"2020-07-03T19:26:50.019-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43512133/The_Burden_of_Glaucoma_on_Canadian_Patients_Gaps_in_Understanding_the_Disease_and_its_Treatments?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_43512133","summary":"Title: The Burden of Glaucoma on Canadian Patients: Gaps in Understanding the Disease and its Treatments\nAuthors: Chad Andrews and Jennifer Pereira \nCategory: Global and Public Health Ophthalmology\nConference: Canadian Opthalmological Society Annual Conference (June 2020)\n\nPurpose: Affecting over 400,000 Canadians, glaucoma is a disease of the optic nerve and one of the leading causes of blindness in North America. This study seeks to better understand the daily struggles of living with glaucoma, and to offer the resulting analysis as a framework for guiding decisions related to new treatments in Canada. Any considered treatment should significantly reduce at least one of the following burdens: physical, psychological, and socioeconomic. One of the best ways to measure these burdens and to scrutinize our own understanding of a disease is to survey patients and provide them with a platform to describe their experiences. \n\nStudy design: Mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey study. \n\nMethods: Designed to collect data on the physical, psychological, financial, and other burdens associated with glaucoma, an online, IRB-approved survey was posted to Fighting Blindness Canada’s website on July 20, 2018, where it gathered responses over the course of several months. Data was analyzed for themes, patterns, and keywords. \n\nResults: 244 Canadian respondents self-confirmed living with glaucoma. Most patients indicated having glaucoma in “both eyes” (76%), while a minority indicated having the disease in “one eye” (18%), and the remainder selected “other.” Patients rated the “severity of vision loss resulting from your glaucoma” on a scale from 1 to 10: most indicated 1 for “no vision loss” (24%), followed by ratings of 2 (17%), 3 (14%), 4 (12%), and 8 (7%). The average of these ratings is 3.88. Patients were also asked about how serious they consider their disease to be, how often they think about it, what kinds of barriers they face, what kind of activities they find difficult, what types of treatments they take, and which treatments they are aware of. Open-ended responses were collected in each section as well, providing qualitative perspectives that heightened and, in some cases, provided context for the quantitative survey results. \n\nConclusions: A review of both qualitative and quantitative data showed that, especially in the context of an overall paucity of literature on the subject, there are significant gaps in our collective understanding of glaucoma: (1) gaps in our general understanding of the burdens associated with the disease; (2) gaps in the patient’s understanding of the treatment landscape; and (3) gaps in how patients understand the specific details of their own disease and diagnosis. A discussion of these gaps is the primary focus of this presentation. \n\nDisclosure of Relationships: Dr. Andrews reports grants received by Fighting Blindness Canada from AGTC, Allergan, Bayer, BMO, CIBC, Glaukos, I-MED Pharma, L'Occitane en Provence, MEDEC, MeiraGTx, Novartis, RBC Foundation, Shire, Spark Therapeutics, and Specialty Pharma Solutions. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63822904,"asset_id":43512133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47272714,"first_name":"Chad","last_name":"Andrews","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChadAndrews3","display_name":"Chad Andrews","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChadAndrews3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47272714/12477702/24016839/s65_chad.andrews.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":53760,"name":"Sociology of Health and Illness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Health_and_Illness?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":96572,"name":"Glaucoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glaucoma?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1226896,"name":"Patient-oriented Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient-oriented_Research?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1777334,"name":"Burden of Illness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burden_of_Illness?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33626330 coauthored" data-work_id="33626330" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33626330/Therapeutic_application_of_tissue_plasminogen_activator_for_fibrin_reaction_after_cataract_surgery">Therapeutic application of tissue plasminogen activator for fibrin reaction after cataract surgery</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapeutic application of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) for fibrin reaction after uneventful cataract surgery.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33626330" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e4649255e8066c365bdf6cb731a66115" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53641514,"asset_id":33626330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77528394/Stereo_vision_and_strabismus">Stereo vision and strabismus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Binocular stereopsis, or stereo vision, is the ability to derive information about how far away objects are, based solely on the relative positions of the object in the two eyes. It depends on both sensory and motor abilities. In this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77528394" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Binocular stereopsis, or stereo vision, is the ability to derive information about how far away objects are, based solely on the relative positions of the object in the two eyes. It depends on both sensory and motor abilities. In this review, I briefly outline some of the neuronal mechanisms supporting stereo vision, and discuss how these are disrupted in strabismus. I explain, in some detail, current methods of assessing stereo vision and their pros and cons. Finally, I review the evidence supporting the clinical importance of such measurements.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77528394" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c6938703bf4df2e5ca4bf47aa126e42b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84868932,"asset_id":77528394,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84868932/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="67991639" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JennyRead3">Jenny Read</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="67991639" type="text/json">{"id":67991639,"first_name":"Jenny","last_name":"Read","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JennyRead3","display_name":"Jenny Read","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JennyRead3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/e99a3f192da2712f6ba8718b9e825a58?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77528394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77528394"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77528394, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77528394", }); 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Finally, I review the evidence supporting the clinical importance of such measurements.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84868932,"asset_id":77528394,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":67991639,"first_name":"Jenny","last_name":"Read","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JennyRead3","display_name":"Jenny Read","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JennyRead3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/e99a3f192da2712f6ba8718b9e825a58?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":5614,"name":"Binocular 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7324" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British">British</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7324" type="text/json">{"id":7324,"name":"British","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69831306]'), work: {"id":69831306,"title":"Retinopathy of prematurity: recent advances in our understanding","created_at":"2022-01-28T15:54:56.563-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69831306/Retinopathy_of_prematurity_recent_advances_in_our_understanding?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_69831306","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79777836,"asset_id":69831306,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44727688,"first_name":"Joanne","last_name":"Dickinson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoanneDickinson4","display_name":"Joanne Dickinson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoanneDickinson4?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":623,"name":"Neurology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":7324,"name":"British","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":9815,"name":"Developing Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Countries?f_ri=627"},{"id":14406,"name":"Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health?f_ri=627"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627"},{"id":46131,"name":"Paediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paediatrics?f_ri=627"},{"id":47155,"name":"Birth Weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birth_Weight?f_ri=627"},{"id":63890,"name":"Complication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complication?f_ri=627"},{"id":159033,"name":"Genetic determinism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_determinism?f_ri=627"},{"id":174502,"name":"Incidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incidence?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":311522,"name":"Developed Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developed_Countries?f_ri=627"},{"id":313857,"name":"Risk Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factor?f_ri=627"},{"id":380825,"name":"Oxygen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen?f_ri=627"},{"id":413189,"name":"Ethnic Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Group?f_ri=627"},{"id":555414,"name":"Retinopathy of prematurity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinopathy_of_prematurity?f_ri=627"},{"id":3789883,"name":"Paediatrics and reproductive medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paediatrics_and_reproductive_medicine?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61669646" data-work_id="61669646" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61669646/Best_practice_eye_care_models">Best practice eye care models</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61669646" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="552193985d487dba6d013e1068347164" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74639605,"asset_id":61669646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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Rabiu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/muhammadRabiu36?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/202362590/63510954/51818254/s65_muhammad.rabiu.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61669646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61669646"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61669646, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61669646", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61669646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61669646; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61669646"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61669646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61669646"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61669646; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61669646]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61669646").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61669646").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61669646"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5097" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blindness">Blindness</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5097" type="text/json">{"id":5097,"name":"Blindness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blindness?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="359001" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology">Optometry and Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="359001" type="text/json">{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1238821" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Based_Mental_Health_Services">Community Based Mental Health Services</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1238821" type="text/json">{"id":1238821,"name":"Community Based Mental Health Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Based_Mental_Health_Services?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61669646]'), work: {"id":61669646,"title":"Best practice eye care models","created_at":"2021-11-14T03:51:27.253-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61669646/Best_practice_eye_care_models?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_61669646","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74639605,"asset_id":61669646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":202362590,"first_name":"muhammad","last_name":"Rabiu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"muhammadRabiu36","display_name":"muhammad Rabiu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/muhammadRabiu36?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/202362590/63510954/51818254/s65_muhammad.rabiu.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":5097,"name":"Blindness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blindness?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1238821,"name":"Community Based Mental Health Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Based_Mental_Health_Services?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":2735826,"name":"Health Care Surveys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care_Surveys?f_ri=627"},{"id":3516057,"name":"Community health services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_health_services?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60711240" data-work_id="60711240" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60711240/Excimer_Laser_Radial_Keratotomy">Excimer Laser Radial Keratotomy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The central corneal flattening obtained by radial diamond knife incisions has been duplicted by radial laser incisions in 18 enucleated human eyes. The incisions, made by 193 nm far-ultraviolet light radiation emitted by the excimer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60711240" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The central corneal flattening obtained by radial diamond knife incisions has been duplicted by radial laser incisions in 18 enucleated human eyes. The incisions, made by 193 nm far-ultraviolet light radiation emitted by the excimer laser, produced corneal flattening ranging from 0.12 to 5.35 diopters. Both the depth of the corneal incisions and the degree of central corneal flattening correlated with the laser energy applied. Histopathology revealed the remarkably smooth edges of the laser incisions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60711240" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="efe8c8ce8b24181c9d282f8ac1c41030" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74031850,"asset_id":60711240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74031850/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39422474" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StephenTrokel">Stephen Trokel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39422474" type="text/json">{"id":39422474,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Trokel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephenTrokel","display_name":"Stephen Trokel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephenTrokel?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60711240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60711240"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60711240, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60711240", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60711240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60711240; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60711240"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60711240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60711240"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60711240; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60711240]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60711240").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60711240").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60711240"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="165" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pathology">Pathology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="165" type="text/json">{"id":165,"name":"Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pathology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="647" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery">Surgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="647" type="text/json">{"id":647,"name":"Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11284" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myopia">Myopia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11284" type="text/json">{"id":11284,"name":"Myopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myopia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60711240]'), work: {"id":60711240,"title":"Excimer Laser Radial Keratotomy","created_at":"2021-11-01T08:05:34.589-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60711240/Excimer_Laser_Radial_Keratotomy?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_60711240","summary":"The central corneal flattening obtained by radial diamond knife incisions has been duplicted by radial laser incisions in 18 enucleated human eyes. The incisions, made by 193 nm far-ultraviolet light radiation emitted by the excimer laser, produced corneal flattening ranging from 0.12 to 5.35 diopters. Both the depth of the corneal incisions and the degree of central corneal flattening correlated with the laser energy applied. Histopathology revealed the remarkably smooth edges of the laser incisions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74031850,"asset_id":60711240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39422474,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Trokel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephenTrokel","display_name":"Stephen Trokel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephenTrokel?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":165,"name":"Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pathology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":647,"name":"Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":11284,"name":"Myopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myopia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":17721,"name":"Cornea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea?f_ri=627"},{"id":54344,"name":"Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methods?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":247948,"name":"Cadaver","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cadaver?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":591484,"name":"Laser Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Therapy?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_52756674" data-work_id="52756674" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52756674/Comparison_of_near_heterophoria_tests_under_varying_conditions_on_an_adult_sample">Comparison of near heterophoria tests under varying conditions on an adult sample</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: This study compared the near phoria measurement using the Bernell muscle balance card with and without prism neutralization, using both trial frame and phoropter correction, and compared with the conventional Maddox rod method.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_52756674" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: This study compared the near phoria measurement using the Bernell muscle balance card with and without prism neutralization, using both trial frame and phoropter correction, and compared with the conventional Maddox rod method. Methods: Forty young normal Chinese adults had their near phoria measured with trial frame correction using the conventional muscle balance card method (method 1). Any deviation was compensated with a prism bar as an alternative approach (method 2). The conventional Maddox rod method (method 3) was also carried out for comparison. These three methods were repeated with phoropter correction and considered as methods 4, 5 and 6. Results: The phorias obtained from these six methods were not significantly different from each other (repeated measures ANOVA ANOVA, p > 0.05). More than half of the subjects were exophoric. Although the difference in phoria was not significant, phoria measurement using phoropter correction yielded a greater coefficient of variation. Conclusions: Near phoria measurement using the muscle balance card conducted with trial frame correction was less variable, and was also more natural and similar to a real reading situation. The use of prism for compensation did not affect the phoria results. Exophoria seems to be more common than esophoria in young Chinese adults.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/52756674" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0cc5d8dcab003903a0afc624aabbb40c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69868754,"asset_id":52756674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69868754/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30795366" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewLam10">Andrew Lam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30795366" type="text/json">{"id":30795366,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Lam","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndrewLam10","display_name":"Andrew Lam","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewLam10?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30795366/24995164/23807127/s65_andrew.lam.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_52756674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="52756674"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 52756674, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_52756674", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_52756674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52756674; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_52756674"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_52756674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="52756674"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52756674; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=52756674]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_52756674").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_52756674").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="52756674"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="592" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry">Optometry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="592" type="text/json">{"id":592,"name":"Optometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiological_Optics">Physiological Optics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2228" type="text/json">{"id":2228,"name":"Physiological Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiological_Optics?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28864" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strabismus">Strabismus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28864" type="text/json">{"id":28864,"name":"Strabismus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strabismus?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=52756674]'), work: {"id":52756674,"title":"Comparison of near heterophoria tests under varying conditions on an adult sample","created_at":"2021-09-18T17:37:51.006-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/52756674/Comparison_of_near_heterophoria_tests_under_varying_conditions_on_an_adult_sample?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_52756674","summary":"Purpose: This study compared the near phoria measurement using the Bernell muscle balance card with and without prism neutralization, using both trial frame and phoropter correction, and compared with the conventional Maddox rod method. Methods: Forty young normal Chinese adults had their near phoria measured with trial frame correction using the conventional muscle balance card method (method 1). Any deviation was compensated with a prism bar as an alternative approach (method 2). The conventional Maddox rod method (method 3) was also carried out for comparison. These three methods were repeated with phoropter correction and considered as methods 4, 5 and 6. Results: The phorias obtained from these six methods were not significantly different from each other (repeated measures ANOVA ANOVA, p \u003e 0.05). More than half of the subjects were exophoric. Although the difference in phoria was not significant, phoria measurement using phoropter correction yielded a greater coefficient of variation. Conclusions: Near phoria measurement using the muscle balance card conducted with trial frame correction was less variable, and was also more natural and similar to a real reading situation. The use of prism for compensation did not affect the phoria results. Exophoria seems to be more common than esophoria in young Chinese adults.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69868754,"asset_id":52756674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30795366,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Lam","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndrewLam10","display_name":"Andrew Lam","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewLam10?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30795366/24995164/23807127/s65_andrew.lam.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":592,"name":"Optometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":2228,"name":"Physiological Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiological_Optics?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":28864,"name":"Strabismus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strabismus?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":223715,"name":"Sample","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sample?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":413194,"name":"Analysis of Variance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Variance?f_ri=627"},{"id":533928,"name":"Proximity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proximity?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50325105" data-work_id="50325105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50325105/Refractory_Neovascular_Age_related_Macular_Degeneration_Secondary_to_Polypoidal_Choroidal_Vasculopathy">Refractory Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration Secondary to Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is defined when intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection therapy results in poor response. Treatment of refractory patients determines the success or... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50325105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is defined when intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection therapy results in poor response. Treatment of refractory patients determines the success or failure of treatment for nAMD. In this article, we present the definition and mechanism of refractory nAMD, and address various possible therapeutic approaches that can overcome refractoriness, such as switching drugs, increasing injection dosage or frequency, and combination therapy with photodynamic therapy or intravitreal steroid injection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50325105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="edba7b162f7f9fc9146d3260da4c52ff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68355371,"asset_id":50325105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68355371/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36306186" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IreneBarbazetto">Irene Barbazetto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36306186" type="text/json">{"id":36306186,"first_name":"Irene","last_name":"Barbazetto","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IreneBarbazetto","display_name":"Irene Barbazetto","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IreneBarbazetto?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50325105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50325105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50325105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50325105", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50325105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50325105; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50325105"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50325105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50325105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50325105; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50325105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50325105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50325105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50325105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23698" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Porphyrins">Porphyrins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23698" type="text/json">{"id":23698,"name":"Porphyrins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Porphyrins?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration">Macular Degeneration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40272" type="text/json">{"id":40272,"name":"Macular Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50325105]'), work: {"id":50325105,"title":"Refractory Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration Secondary to Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy","created_at":"2021-07-28T07:30:21.788-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50325105/Refractory_Neovascular_Age_related_Macular_Degeneration_Secondary_to_Polypoidal_Choroidal_Vasculopathy?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_50325105","summary":"Refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is defined when intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection therapy results in poor response. Treatment of refractory patients determines the success or failure of treatment for nAMD. In this article, we present the definition and mechanism of refractory nAMD, and address various possible therapeutic approaches that can overcome refractoriness, such as switching drugs, increasing injection dosage or frequency, and combination therapy with photodynamic therapy or intravitreal steroid injection.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68355371,"asset_id":50325105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36306186,"first_name":"Irene","last_name":"Barbazetto","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IreneBarbazetto","display_name":"Irene Barbazetto","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IreneBarbazetto?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":23698,"name":"Porphyrins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Porphyrins?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40272,"name":"Macular Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":102583,"name":"Drug Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Resistance?f_ri=627"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627"},{"id":237463,"name":"Age related macular degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_related_macular_degeneration?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":375077,"name":"Photochemotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photochemotherapy?f_ri=627"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":2463779,"name":"Combined Modality Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combined_Modality_Therapy?f_ri=627"},{"id":2562017,"name":"Choroid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Choroid?f_ri=627"},{"id":3059270,"name":"Indocyanine green","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indocyanine_green?f_ri=627"},{"id":3314116,"name":"Angiogenesis inhibitors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Angiogenesis_inhibitors?f_ri=627"},{"id":3518930,"name":"Choroidal Neovascularization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Choroidal_Neovascularization?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48697566" data-work_id="48697566" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48697566/Progression_of_Type_2_to_Type_1_Retinopathy_of_Prematurity_in_the_Early_Treatment_for_Retinopathy_of_Prematurity_Study">Progression of Type 2 to Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To examine the frequency and timing of progression from type 2 to type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study. Methods: Infants with prethreshold ROP that was no worse than low risk... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48697566" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To examine the frequency and timing of progression from type 2 to type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study. Methods: Infants with prethreshold ROP that was no worse than low risk in 1 or both eyes, based on the RM-ROP2 model, were examined every 2 to 4 days for at least 2 weeks. Using the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study-defined classification of eyes as having type 1 or type 2 prethreshold ROP, we analyzed the time to conversion from type 2 to type 1. Data were analyzed for 1 randomly selected eye for each child. Results: Of 294 eyes at first diagnosis of type 2 ROP, 65 (22.1%) progressed to type 1 (mean [SD] interval, 9.0 [6.6] days; median, 7.0 days). Of 217 eyes with type 2 ROP that had an examination in less than 7 days, 25 Author Affiliations are listed at the end of this article. Group Information: A list of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group members was published in</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48697566" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77621aefdea22e664b67e758cc3928dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67176318,"asset_id":48697566,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67176318/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44118315" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristiansenStephen">Stephen Christiansen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44118315" type="text/json">{"id":44118315,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Christiansen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChristiansenStephen","display_name":"Stephen Christiansen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChristiansenStephen?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48697566 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48697566"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48697566, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48697566", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48697566]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48697566").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48697566").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48697566"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10882" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution">Evolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10882" type="text/json">{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="245634" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye">Eye</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="245634" type="text/json">{"id":245634,"name":"Eye","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="253560" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newborn_Infant">Newborn Infant</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="253560" type="text/json">{"id":253560,"name":"Newborn Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newborn_Infant?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48697566]'), work: {"id":48697566,"title":"Progression of Type 2 to Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study","created_at":"2021-05-05T05:34:03.290-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48697566/Progression_of_Type_2_to_Type_1_Retinopathy_of_Prematurity_in_the_Early_Treatment_for_Retinopathy_of_Prematurity_Study?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_48697566","summary":"To examine the frequency and timing of progression from type 2 to type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study. Methods: Infants with prethreshold ROP that was no worse than low risk in 1 or both eyes, based on the RM-ROP2 model, were examined every 2 to 4 days for at least 2 weeks. Using the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study-defined classification of eyes as having type 1 or type 2 prethreshold ROP, we analyzed the time to conversion from type 2 to type 1. Data were analyzed for 1 randomly selected eye for each child. Results: Of 294 eyes at first diagnosis of type 2 ROP, 65 (22.1%) progressed to type 1 (mean [SD] interval, 9.0 [6.6] days; median, 7.0 days). Of 217 eyes with type 2 ROP that had an examination in less than 7 days, 25 Author Affiliations are listed at the end of this article. Group Information: A list of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group members was published in","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67176318,"asset_id":48697566,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44118315,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Christiansen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChristiansenStephen","display_name":"Stephen Christiansen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChristiansenStephen?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":245634,"name":"Eye","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":253560,"name":"Newborn Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newborn_Infant?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":362838,"name":"Vision screening","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision_screening?f_ri=627"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=627"},{"id":555414,"name":"Retinopathy of prematurity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinopathy_of_prematurity?f_ri=627"},{"id":584615,"name":"Disease Progression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Progression?f_ri=627"},{"id":797418,"name":"Gestational Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gestational_Age?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47954248" data-work_id="47954248" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47954248/Surgical_closure_of_macular_hole_using_an_absorbable_macular_plug">Surgical closure of macular hole using an absorbable macular plug</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The surgical management of macular holes has been a subject of controversy in recent years. Various techniques such as vitrectomy, membrane peeling, and gas tamponade with or without transforming growth factor-beta 2, and recently the use... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47954248" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The surgical management of macular holes has been a subject of controversy in recent years. Various techniques such as vitrectomy, membrane peeling, and gas tamponade with or without transforming growth factor-beta 2, and recently the use of autologous platelets have produced closure rates from 58% to 96%, depending on the stage of the hole. The authors present preliminary results in a study of 19 consecutive patients with stage 3 or stage 4 macular hole who underwent vitrectomy followed by placement of an absorbable partially cross-linked gelatin plug in the macular hole. The vitreous cavity was filled with a nonexpanding gas or air alone; the patient was instructed to maintain prone positioning for 2-3 days. Anatomic attachment of the edges of the macular hole was achieved in 19 out of 19 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months (average 11.5 months). A cross-linked gelatin plug can effectively reattach the edges of macular holes of stages 3 and 4. Its use is recommend...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47954248" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="019313dc710b311f84e4fc5a3c966087" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66818121,"asset_id":47954248,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66818121/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28256023" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GholamPeyman">Gholam Peyman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28256023" type="text/json">{"id":28256023,"first_name":"Gholam","last_name":"Peyman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GholamPeyman","display_name":"Gholam Peyman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GholamPeyman?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47954248 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47954248"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47954248, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47954248", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47954248]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47954248").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47954248").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47954248"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62112" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies">Prospective studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="62112" type="text/json">{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47954248]'), work: {"id":47954248,"title":"Surgical closure of macular hole using an absorbable macular plug","created_at":"2021-05-03T18:40:10.432-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47954248/Surgical_closure_of_macular_hole_using_an_absorbable_macular_plug?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_47954248","summary":"The surgical management of macular holes has been a subject of controversy in recent years. Various techniques such as vitrectomy, membrane peeling, and gas tamponade with or without transforming growth factor-beta 2, and recently the use of autologous platelets have produced closure rates from 58% to 96%, depending on the stage of the hole. The authors present preliminary results in a study of 19 consecutive patients with stage 3 or stage 4 macular hole who underwent vitrectomy followed by placement of an absorbable partially cross-linked gelatin plug in the macular hole. The vitreous cavity was filled with a nonexpanding gas or air alone; the patient was instructed to maintain prone positioning for 2-3 days. Anatomic attachment of the edges of the macular hole was achieved in 19 out of 19 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months (average 11.5 months). A cross-linked gelatin plug can effectively reattach the edges of macular holes of stages 3 and 4. Its use is recommend...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66818121,"asset_id":47954248,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28256023,"first_name":"Gholam","last_name":"Peyman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GholamPeyman","display_name":"Gholam Peyman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GholamPeyman?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":162983,"name":"Absorption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Absorption?f_ri=627"},{"id":190525,"name":"Gelatin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gelatin?f_ri=627"},{"id":198406,"name":"Forensic Illustration and Medical Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Illustration_and_Medical_Art?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":527900,"name":"Transforming Growth Factor Beta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transforming_Growth_Factor_Beta?f_ri=627"},{"id":1145520,"name":"Equipment Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equipment_Design?f_ri=627"},{"id":1186054,"name":"Vitrectomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vitrectomy?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33011067" data-work_id="33011067" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33011067/Triamcinolone_Acetonide_in_Silicone_Filled_Eyes_as_Adjunctive_Treatment_for_Proliferative_Vitreoretinopathy">Triamcinolone Acetonide in Silicone-Filled Eyes as Adjunctive Treatment for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">To evaluate the effect of adjunctive intraocular triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in silicone-filled eyes on outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33011067" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53ba555df20680aafdc55b4c510475d0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53124325,"asset_id":33011067,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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class="js-paper-rank-work_33011067 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33011067"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33011067, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33011067", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33011067 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33011067; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33011067"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); 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u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment">Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8942" type="text/json">{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62112" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies">Prospective studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62112" type="text/json">{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="103219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_detachment">Retinal detachment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="103219" type="text/json">{"id":103219,"name":"Retinal detachment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_detachment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33011067]'), work: {"id":33011067,"title":"Triamcinolone Acetonide in Silicone-Filled Eyes as Adjunctive Treatment for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy","created_at":"2017-05-14T10:19:57.940-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33011067/Triamcinolone_Acetonide_in_Silicone_Filled_Eyes_as_Adjunctive_Treatment_for_Proliferative_Vitreoretinopathy?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_33011067","summary":"To evaluate the effect of adjunctive intraocular triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in silicone-filled eyes on outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53124325,"asset_id":33011067,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":64278435,"first_name":"ali","last_name":"ramezani","domain_name":"dehshibi","page_name":"aliramezani","display_name":"ali ramezani","profile_url":"https://dehshibi.academia.edu/aliramezani?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":103219,"name":"Retinal detachment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_detachment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":121320,"name":"Intraocular Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intraocular_Pressure?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":245634,"name":"Eye","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":371480,"name":"Triamcinolone Acetonide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Triamcinolone_Acetonide?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":1186054,"name":"Vitrectomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vitrectomy?f_ri=627"},{"id":1757315,"name":"Injections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Injections?f_ri=627"},{"id":2463779,"name":"Combined Modality Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combined_Modality_Therapy?f_ri=627"},{"id":2562571,"name":"Immunosuppressive Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunosuppressive_Agents?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10865510" data-work_id="10865510" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10865510/Optical_quality_of_the_eye_after_lens_replacement_with_a_pseudoaccommodating_intraocular_lens">Optical quality of the eye after lens replacement with a pseudoaccommodating intraocular lens</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To examine the optical quality of healthy presbyopic eyes before and after implantation of the pseudoaccommodating AcrySof ReSTOR Natural intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) by measuring visual acuity and wavefront... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10865510" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To examine the optical quality of healthy presbyopic eyes before and after implantation of the pseudoaccommodating AcrySof ReSTOR Natural intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) by measuring visual acuity and wavefront aberrations.University of Valencia, Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Valencia, Spain.Monocular refraction and photopic distance (6 m) and near (0.33 m) visual acuities were determined before and after clear lens extraction with bilateral AcrySof ReSTOR Natural IOL implantation in 30 hyperopic eyes (+0.50 to +4.00 diopters [D]) of presbyopic patients with low astigmatism (≤1.00 D). Postsurgical binocular visual acuity was measured over a range of effective distances. Wavefront aberrations were measured before and after surgery. Aberrations for 2 pupil diameters (3.0 mm and 5.0 mm) were decomposed using Zernike polynomials; total, defocus, astigmatism spherical, and coma aberration terms were studied separately. Postimplantation results were compared with preoperative values.Safety and efficacy indices for distance vision were 1.01 and 0.96, respectively. At near, they improved to 1.07 and 1.06, respectively. Vision at intermediate distances was noticeably poorer. Total, defocus, and spherical aberrations changed after IOL implantation with both pupil diameters (P<.01). Total and defocus aberrations were significantly reduced postoperatively. Spherical aberration coefficients changed to negative and less positive values for a 3.0 mm and a 5.0 mm pupil, respectively.Implantation of the pseudoaccommodating IOL in healthy eyes yielded uncorrected levels of high-contrast, distance, and near acuities comparable to preoperative best corrected values. Higher-order aberration levels appeared to be similar to the preoperative values.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10865510" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ab0dcff00edf2fac2fbcc4b5793d3f56" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47066897,"asset_id":10865510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47066897/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26392249" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoseAlfonso3">Jose Alfonso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26392249" type="text/json">{"id":26392249,"first_name":"Jose","last_name":"Alfonso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoseAlfonso3","display_name":"Jose Alfonso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoseAlfonso3?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10865510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10865510"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10865510, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10865510", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10865510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10865510; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10865510"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10865510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10865510"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10865510; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10865510]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10865510").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10865510").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10865510"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="647" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery">Surgery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="647" type="text/json">{"id":647,"name":"Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5614" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binocular_vision">Binocular vision</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5614" type="text/json">{"id":5614,"name":"Binocular vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binocular_vision?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment">Treatment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8942" type="text/json">{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10865510]'), work: {"id":10865510,"title":"Optical quality of the eye after lens replacement with a pseudoaccommodating intraocular lens","created_at":"2015-02-17T05:02:10.852-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10865510/Optical_quality_of_the_eye_after_lens_replacement_with_a_pseudoaccommodating_intraocular_lens?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_10865510","summary":"To examine the optical quality of healthy presbyopic eyes before and after implantation of the pseudoaccommodating AcrySof ReSTOR Natural intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) by measuring visual acuity and wavefront aberrations.University of Valencia, Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Valencia, Spain.Monocular refraction and photopic distance (6 m) and near (0.33 m) visual acuities were determined before and after clear lens extraction with bilateral AcrySof ReSTOR Natural IOL implantation in 30 hyperopic eyes (+0.50 to +4.00 diopters [D]) of presbyopic patients with low astigmatism (≤1.00 D). Postsurgical binocular visual acuity was measured over a range of effective distances. Wavefront aberrations were measured before and after surgery. Aberrations for 2 pupil diameters (3.0 mm and 5.0 mm) were decomposed using Zernike polynomials; total, defocus, astigmatism spherical, and coma aberration terms were studied separately. Postimplantation results were compared with preoperative values.Safety and efficacy indices for distance vision were 1.01 and 0.96, respectively. At near, they improved to 1.07 and 1.06, respectively. Vision at intermediate distances was noticeably poorer. Total, defocus, and spherical aberrations changed after IOL implantation with both pupil diameters (P\u003c.01). Total and defocus aberrations were significantly reduced postoperatively. Spherical aberration coefficients changed to negative and less positive values for a 3.0 mm and a 5.0 mm pupil, respectively.Implantation of the pseudoaccommodating IOL in healthy eyes yielded uncorrected levels of high-contrast, distance, and near acuities comparable to preoperative best corrected values. Higher-order aberration levels appeared to be similar to the preoperative values.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47066897,"asset_id":10865510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26392249,"first_name":"Jose","last_name":"Alfonso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoseAlfonso3","display_name":"Jose Alfonso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoseAlfonso3?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":647,"name":"Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":5614,"name":"Binocular vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binocular_vision?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627"},{"id":49247,"name":"Higher Order Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Order_Thinking?f_ri=627"},{"id":135373,"name":"Contrast sensitivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contrast_sensitivity?f_ri=627"},{"id":144034,"name":"Cataract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":245634,"name":"Eye","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":535311,"name":"Spherical Aberration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spherical_Aberration?f_ri=627"},{"id":715808,"name":"prosthesis Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/prosthesis_Design?f_ri=627"},{"id":796388,"name":"Lens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lens?f_ri=627"},{"id":866913,"name":"Phacoemulsification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phacoemulsification?f_ri=627"},{"id":1201863,"name":"Presbyopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyopia?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26738506" data-work_id="26738506" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26738506/Risk_factors_associated_with_pelvic_inflammatory_disease">Risk factors associated with pelvic inflammatory disease</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: To investigate factors associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Methods: A case-control study was used to investigate demographic and behavioural factors, and causative agents associated with PID. Results: A total of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26738506" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: To investigate factors associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Methods: A case-control study was used to investigate demographic and behavioural factors, and causative agents associated with PID. Results: A total of 381 participants were recruited: 140 patients, and 105 and 136 controls in tubal ligation and general practice groups, respectively. When compared with a PID-free tubal ligation control group, increased risk of PID was associated with: age ,25 years; age at first sexual intercourse ,20 years; non-white ethnicity; not having had children; a self-reported history of a sexually transmitted disease; and exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis. When compared with a general practice control group, increased risk was associated with: age ,25 years; age at first sexual intercourse ,15 years; lower socioeconomic status; being single; adverse pregnancy outcome; a self-reported history of a sexually transmitted disease; and exposure to C trachomatis. Of the cases, 64% were not associated with any of the infectious agents measured in this study (idiopathic). Conclusions: A high proportion of cases were idiopathic. PID control strategies, which currently focus on chlamydial screening, have to be reviewed so that they can prevent all cases of PID. Behavioural change is a key factor in the primary prevention of PID, and potential modifiable risk factors were associated with PID.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26738506" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b4350add9d14ffd0d0c8157cbf07c068" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47018684,"asset_id":26738506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47018684/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50737625" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SimmsIan">Ian Simms</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50737625" type="text/json">{"id":50737625,"first_name":"Ian","last_name":"Simms","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SimmsIan","display_name":"Ian Simms","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SimmsIan?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26738506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26738506"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26738506, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26738506", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26738506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26738506; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26738506"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26738506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26738506"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26738506; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26738506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26738506").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26738506").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26738506"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="294" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Studies">Ethnic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="294" type="text/json">{"id":294,"name":"Ethnic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Education">Health Education</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7428" type="text/json">{"id":7428,"name":"Health Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Education?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26738506]'), work: {"id":26738506,"title":"Risk factors associated with pelvic inflammatory disease","created_at":"2016-07-05T00:37:24.418-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26738506/Risk_factors_associated_with_pelvic_inflammatory_disease?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_26738506","summary":"Objective: To investigate factors associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Methods: A case-control study was used to investigate demographic and behavioural factors, and causative agents associated with PID. Results: A total of 381 participants were recruited: 140 patients, and 105 and 136 controls in tubal ligation and general practice groups, respectively. When compared with a PID-free tubal ligation control group, increased risk of PID was associated with: age ,25 years; age at first sexual intercourse ,20 years; non-white ethnicity; not having had children; a self-reported history of a sexually transmitted disease; and exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis. When compared with a general practice control group, increased risk was associated with: age ,25 years; age at first sexual intercourse ,15 years; lower socioeconomic status; being single; adverse pregnancy outcome; a self-reported history of a sexually transmitted disease; and exposure to C trachomatis. Of the cases, 64% were not associated with any of the infectious agents measured in this study (idiopathic). Conclusions: A high proportion of cases were idiopathic. PID control strategies, which currently focus on chlamydial screening, have to be reviewed so that they can prevent all cases of PID. Behavioural change is a key factor in the primary prevention of PID, and potential modifiable risk factors were associated with PID.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47018684,"asset_id":26738506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50737625,"first_name":"Ian","last_name":"Simms","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SimmsIan","display_name":"Ian Simms","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SimmsIan?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":294,"name":"Ethnic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":7428,"name":"Health Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Education?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=627"},{"id":41482,"name":"Multivariate Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multivariate_Analysis?f_ri=627"},{"id":108566,"name":"Sexually transmitted infections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexually_transmitted_infections?f_ri=627"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":279546,"name":"Association","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Association?f_ri=627"},{"id":313857,"name":"Risk Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factor?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":892365,"name":"Pelvic Inflammatory Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pelvic_Inflammatory_Disease?f_ri=627"},{"id":1138901,"name":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexually_Transmitted_Diseases?f_ri=627"},{"id":1819399,"name":"Case Control Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Control_Studies?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12350520" data-work_id="12350520" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12350520/Optical_projection_mires_for_measurements_of_the_radii_of_curvature_of_the_cornea_in_biomicroscopes">Optical projection mires for measurements of the radii of curvature of the cornea in biomicroscopes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Keratometry is currently achieved by projecting a circular mire onto the patient&#39;s cornea and analyzing the size and shape of its reflected image. The projection mires are decisive for the precision of the measurement. We have... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12350520" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Keratometry is currently achieved by projecting a circular mire onto the patient&#39;s cornea and analyzing the size and shape of its reflected image. The projection mires are decisive for the precision of the measurement. We have previously developed a keratometric module for slit lamps, and the development of four projection mires are presented. Mire 1 is composed of optical fibers and electrical cables; Mire 2, 48 LEDs; Mire 3, optical fibers and no electrical cables; and Mire 4, mechanical parts--cable free. Mires 2-4 provide accurate keratometry measurements at slit lamps. Mire 4 is the most adequate for the clinical environment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12350520" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="09edff0a6458c3651c56ff9d0c70f90d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46229773,"asset_id":12350520,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46229773/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31044056" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/LilianeVentura">Liliane Ventura</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31044056" type="text/json">{"id":31044056,"first_name":"Liliane","last_name":"Ventura","domain_name":"usp-br","page_name":"LilianeVentura","display_name":"Liliane Ventura","profile_url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/LilianeVentura?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31044056/72836714/61308341/s65_liliane.ventura.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12350520 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12350520"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12350520, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12350520", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12350520 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12350520; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12350520"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12350520 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12350520"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12350520; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12350520]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12350520").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12350520").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12350520"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design">Research Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2066" type="text/json">{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17721" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea">Cornea</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17721" type="text/json">{"id":17721,"name":"Cornea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12350520]'), work: {"id":12350520,"title":"Optical projection mires for measurements of the radii of curvature of the cornea in biomicroscopes","created_at":"2015-05-12T07:38:56.353-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12350520/Optical_projection_mires_for_measurements_of_the_radii_of_curvature_of_the_cornea_in_biomicroscopes?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_12350520","summary":"Keratometry is currently achieved by projecting a circular mire onto the patient\u0026#39;s cornea and analyzing the size and shape of its reflected image. The projection mires are decisive for the precision of the measurement. We have previously developed a keratometric module for slit lamps, and the development of four projection mires are presented. Mire 1 is composed of optical fibers and electrical cables; Mire 2, 48 LEDs; Mire 3, optical fibers and no electrical cables; and Mire 4, mechanical parts--cable free. Mires 2-4 provide accurate keratometry measurements at slit lamps. Mire 4 is the most adequate for the clinical environment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46229773,"asset_id":12350520,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31044056,"first_name":"Liliane","last_name":"Ventura","domain_name":"usp-br","page_name":"LilianeVentura","display_name":"Liliane Ventura","profile_url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/LilianeVentura?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31044056/72836714/61308341/s65_liliane.ventura.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":17721,"name":"Cornea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornea?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":66379,"name":"Automation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation?f_ri=627"},{"id":234350,"name":"Applied Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Optics?f_ri=627"},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=627"},{"id":404996,"name":"Optical fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_fiber?f_ri=627"},{"id":548472,"name":"Optics and Photonics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics_and_Photonics?f_ri=627"},{"id":1145520,"name":"Equipment Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equipment_Design?f_ri=627"},{"id":1161531,"name":"Corneal topography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corneal_topography?f_ri=627"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=627"},{"id":1403220,"name":"Geometric Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geometric_Optics?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16227753" data-work_id="16227753" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16227753/The_clinical_value_and_histopathological_correlation_of_lacrimal_scintigraphy_in_patients_with_primary_Sj%C3%B6gren_s_syndrome">The clinical value and histopathological correlation of lacrimal scintigraphy in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Lacrimal scintigraphy in a patient with early-stage disease; right side is normal; left exhibited a 'mild' delay of activity to the duct.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16227753" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="92e275c1d71ae5d98ca48349ade5ac13" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42630740,"asset_id":16227753,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42630740/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35324776" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SevalErhamamci">Seval Erhamamci</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35324776" type="text/json">{"id":35324776,"first_name":"Seval","last_name":"Erhamamci","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SevalErhamamci","display_name":"Seval Erhamamci","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SevalErhamamci?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16227753 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16227753"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16227753, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16227753", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_16227753 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16227753; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_16227753"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_16227753 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16227753"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16227753; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16227753]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_16227753").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16227753").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16227753"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18529" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescent_Dyes_and_Reagents">Fluorescent Dyes and Reagents</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18529" type="text/json">{"id":18529,"name":"Fluorescent Dyes and Reagents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescent_Dyes_and_Reagents?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="289271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged">Aged</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="289271" type="text/json">{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16227753]'), work: {"id":16227753,"title":"The clinical value and histopathological correlation of lacrimal scintigraphy in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome","created_at":"2015-09-27T01:01:56.926-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16227753/The_clinical_value_and_histopathological_correlation_of_lacrimal_scintigraphy_in_patients_with_primary_Sj%C3%B6gren_s_syndrome?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_16227753","summary":"Lacrimal scintigraphy in a patient with early-stage disease; right side is normal; left exhibited a 'mild' delay of activity to the duct.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42630740,"asset_id":16227753,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35324776,"first_name":"Seval","last_name":"Erhamamci","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SevalErhamamci","display_name":"Seval Erhamamci","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SevalErhamamci?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":18529,"name":"Fluorescent Dyes and Reagents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescent_Dyes_and_Reagents?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":438955,"name":"Sjogren´s Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sjogren_s_Syndrome?f_ri=627"},{"id":1819399,"name":"Case Control Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Control_Studies?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18961636" data-work_id="18961636" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18961636/UK_national_survey_of_enucleation_evisceration_and_orbital_implant_trends">UK national survey of enucleation, evisceration and orbital implant trends</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Aim: To evaluate current clinical practice in the UK in the management of the anophthalmic socket; choice of enucleation, evisceration, type of orbital implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. Methods: All consultant... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18961636" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Aim: To evaluate current clinical practice in the UK in the management of the anophthalmic socket; choice of enucleation, evisceration, type of orbital implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. Methods: All consultant ophthalmologists in the UK were surveyed by postal questionnaire. Questions included their practice subspecialty and number of enucleations and eviscerations performed in 2003. Specific questions addressed choice of implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. Results: 456/896 (51%) consultants responded, of which 162 (35%) had a specific interest in oculoplastics, lacrimal, orbits or oncology. Only 243/456 (53%) did enucleations or eviscerations. 92% inserted an orbital implant after primary enucleation, 69% after non-endophthalmitis evisceration, whereas only 43% did so after evisceration for endophthalmitis (50% as a delayed procedure). 55% used porous orbital implants (porous polyethylene, hydroxyapatite or alumina) as their first choice and 42% used acrylic. Most implants inserted were spherical, sized 18-20 mm in diameter. 57% wrapped the implant after enucleation, using salvaged autogenous sclera (20%), donor sclera (28%) and synthetic Vicryl or Mersilene mesh (42%). A minority (7%) placed motility pegs in selected cases, usually as a secondary procedure. 14% of respondents reported implant exposure for each type of procedure and extrusion was reported by 4% after enucleation and 3% after evisceration. Conclusions: This survey highlights contemporary anophthalmic socket practice in the UK. Most surgeons use porous orbital implants with a synthetic wrap after enucleation and only few perform motility pegging.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18961636" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="023f0b6da7293b4fabdb2eda37e0290a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40353812,"asset_id":18961636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40353812/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39102199" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JaneOlver">Jane Olver</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39102199" type="text/json">{"id":39102199,"first_name":"Jane","last_name":"Olver","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaneOlver","display_name":"Jane Olver","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaneOlver?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18961636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18961636"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18961636, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18961636", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18961636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18961636; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18961636"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18961636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18961636"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18961636; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18961636]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18961636").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18961636").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18961636"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11244" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consultants">Consultants</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11244" type="text/json">{"id":11244,"name":"Consultants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consultants?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="291274" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Britain">Great Britain</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="291274" type="text/json">{"id":291274,"name":"Great Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Britain?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18961636]'), work: {"id":18961636,"title":"UK national survey of enucleation, evisceration and orbital implant trends","created_at":"2015-11-24T20:28:59.598-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18961636/UK_national_survey_of_enucleation_evisceration_and_orbital_implant_trends?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_18961636","summary":"Aim: To evaluate current clinical practice in the UK in the management of the anophthalmic socket; choice of enucleation, evisceration, type of orbital implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. Methods: All consultant ophthalmologists in the UK were surveyed by postal questionnaire. Questions included their practice subspecialty and number of enucleations and eviscerations performed in 2003. Specific questions addressed choice of implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. Results: 456/896 (51%) consultants responded, of which 162 (35%) had a specific interest in oculoplastics, lacrimal, orbits or oncology. Only 243/456 (53%) did enucleations or eviscerations. 92% inserted an orbital implant after primary enucleation, 69% after non-endophthalmitis evisceration, whereas only 43% did so after evisceration for endophthalmitis (50% as a delayed procedure). 55% used porous orbital implants (porous polyethylene, hydroxyapatite or alumina) as their first choice and 42% used acrylic. Most implants inserted were spherical, sized 18-20 mm in diameter. 57% wrapped the implant after enucleation, using salvaged autogenous sclera (20%), donor sclera (28%) and synthetic Vicryl or Mersilene mesh (42%). A minority (7%) placed motility pegs in selected cases, usually as a secondary procedure. 14% of respondents reported implant exposure for each type of procedure and extrusion was reported by 4% after enucleation and 3% after evisceration. Conclusions: This survey highlights contemporary anophthalmic socket practice in the UK. Most surgeons use porous orbital implants with a synthetic wrap after enucleation and only few perform motility pegging.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40353812,"asset_id":18961636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39102199,"first_name":"Jane","last_name":"Olver","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaneOlver","display_name":"Jane Olver","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaneOlver?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":11244,"name":"Consultants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consultants?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":291274,"name":"Great Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Britain?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":312011,"name":"Professional Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Practice?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18138588" data-work_id="18138588" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18138588/Evaluation_of_Medicare_Costs_of_Endophthalmitis_among_Patients_after_Cataract_Surgery">Evaluation of Medicare Costs of Endophthalmitis among Patients after Cataract Surgery</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Endophthalmitis, an ophthalmic condition characterized by an inflammation of the intraocular cavity, can have substantial implications for vision. However, little is known about the cost of treatment. The objective of this study was to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18138588" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Endophthalmitis, an ophthalmic condition characterized by an inflammation of the intraocular cavity, can have substantial implications for vision. However, little is known about the cost of treatment. The objective of this study was to estimate the direct medical cost of treatment for endophthalmitis in the United States. Retrospective data analysis using the 1997 through 2001 Medicare Beneficiary Encrypted Files. Beneficiaries who underwent cataract surgery were identified; baseline and clinical characteristics at the time of diagnosis were determined. Analyses stratified patients based on development of endophthalmitis in the year after surgery. Claims and reimbursements for cases (patients undergoing cataract extraction in whom endophthalmitis developed) and controls (patients who did not experience endophthalmitis) were determined and rates of resource use and costs were calculated from the perspective of Medicare. Annual Medicare payments and claims. A total of 417 beneficiaries with endophthalmitis occurring after cataract surgery were found; 139 558 had cataract surgery without subsequent endophthalmitis. Three fifths of beneficiaries were female and 89% were white. Ophthalmic claims and reimbursements were more than 1.45 times greater for cases than controls ($12 578 in higher claims and $3464 in higher reimbursements; P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001). These findings demonstrate a substantial cost associated with endophthalmitis. With recent studies suggesting that prophylaxis is effective in preventing endophthalmitis, there is potential that inexpensive prophylaxis could result in cost and resource savings to Medicare.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18138588" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="795737ea9ffd9638ce8e220982683ec0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42190388,"asset_id":18138588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42190388/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38098695" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobinAlan">Alan L Robin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38098695" type="text/json">{"id":38098695,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Robin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobinAlan","display_name":"Alan L Robin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobinAlan?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18138588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18138588"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18138588, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18138588", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18138588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18138588; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18138588"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18138588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18138588"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18138588; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18138588]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18138588").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18138588").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18138588"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16635" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Services_Research">Health Services Research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16635" type="text/json">{"id":16635,"name":"Health Services Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Services_Research?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29806" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endophthalmitis">Endophthalmitis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29806" type="text/json">{"id":29806,"name":"Endophthalmitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endophthalmitis?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53510" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract_surgery">Cataract surgery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="53510" type="text/json">{"id":53510,"name":"Cataract surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract_surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18138588]'), work: {"id":18138588,"title":"Evaluation of Medicare Costs of Endophthalmitis among Patients after Cataract Surgery","created_at":"2015-11-11T02:55:10.635-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18138588/Evaluation_of_Medicare_Costs_of_Endophthalmitis_among_Patients_after_Cataract_Surgery?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_18138588","summary":"Endophthalmitis, an ophthalmic condition characterized by an inflammation of the intraocular cavity, can have substantial implications for vision. However, little is known about the cost of treatment. The objective of this study was to estimate the direct medical cost of treatment for endophthalmitis in the United States. Retrospective data analysis using the 1997 through 2001 Medicare Beneficiary Encrypted Files. Beneficiaries who underwent cataract surgery were identified; baseline and clinical characteristics at the time of diagnosis were determined. Analyses stratified patients based on development of endophthalmitis in the year after surgery. Claims and reimbursements for cases (patients undergoing cataract extraction in whom endophthalmitis developed) and controls (patients who did not experience endophthalmitis) were determined and rates of resource use and costs were calculated from the perspective of Medicare. Annual Medicare payments and claims. A total of 417 beneficiaries with endophthalmitis occurring after cataract surgery were found; 139 558 had cataract surgery without subsequent endophthalmitis. Three fifths of beneficiaries were female and 89% were white. Ophthalmic claims and reimbursements were more than 1.45 times greater for cases than controls ($12 578 in higher claims and $3464 in higher reimbursements; P\u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001). These findings demonstrate a substantial cost associated with endophthalmitis. With recent studies suggesting that prophylaxis is effective in preventing endophthalmitis, there is potential that inexpensive prophylaxis could result in cost and resource savings to Medicare.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42190388,"asset_id":18138588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38098695,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Robin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobinAlan","display_name":"Alan L Robin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobinAlan?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":16635,"name":"Health Services Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Services_Research?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":29806,"name":"Endophthalmitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endophthalmitis?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":53510,"name":"Cataract surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract_surgery?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":73167,"name":"Human Resources for Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Resources_for_Health?f_ri=627"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=627"},{"id":218342,"name":"Medicare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicare?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":886573,"name":"Cost of Illness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cost_of_Illness?f_ri=627"},{"id":906536,"name":"Health Care Costs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care_Costs?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6338784" data-work_id="6338784" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6338784/High_dose_2000_%CE%BCg_intravitreous_ganciclovir_in_the_treatment_of_cytomegalovirus_retinitis_1_1_The_authors_have_no_financial_interest_in_the_drugs_or_methods_described_in_this_article">High-dose (2000-μg) intravitreous ganciclovir in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis 1 1 The authors have no financial interest in the drugs or methods described in this article</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The authors prospectively studied visual outcome, relapse, complications, and survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) treated with high-dose intravitreous ganciclovir (2 mg/0.1... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6338784" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The authors prospectively studied visual outcome, relapse, complications, and survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) treated with high-dose intravitreous ganciclovir (2 mg/0.1 ml) injections. The outcomes were compared with those of patients treated with standard doses of intravenous ganciclovir in the same institution. The histopathologic and electrophysiologic effects of high-dose intravitreous ganciclovir injections in rabbits also were studied.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6338784" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4a9d645afe4e799e0976915e813f434c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48911053,"asset_id":6338784,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48911053/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9876640" href="https://unsw.academia.edu/MinasCoroneo">Minas Coroneo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9876640" type="text/json">{"id":9876640,"first_name":"Minas","last_name":"Coroneo","domain_name":"unsw","page_name":"MinasCoroneo","display_name":"Minas Coroneo","profile_url":"https://unsw.academia.edu/MinasCoroneo?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9876640/107232026/96449949/s65_minas.coroneo.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6338784 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6338784"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6338784, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6338784", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6338784 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6338784; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6338784"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6338784 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6338784"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6338784; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6338784]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6338784").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6338784").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6338784"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112993" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytomegalovirus">Cytomegalovirus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="112993" type="text/json">{"id":112993,"name":"Cytomegalovirus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytomegalovirus?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="359001" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology">Optometry and Ophthalmology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="359001" type="text/json">{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6338784]'), work: {"id":6338784,"title":"High-dose (2000-μg) intravitreous ganciclovir in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis 1 1 The authors have no financial interest in the drugs or methods described in this article","created_at":"2014-03-08T14:41:57.093-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6338784/High_dose_2000_%CE%BCg_intravitreous_ganciclovir_in_the_treatment_of_cytomegalovirus_retinitis_1_1_The_authors_have_no_financial_interest_in_the_drugs_or_methods_described_in_this_article?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_6338784","summary":"The authors prospectively studied visual outcome, relapse, complications, and survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) treated with high-dose intravitreous ganciclovir (2 mg/0.1 ml) injections. The outcomes were compared with those of patients treated with standard doses of intravenous ganciclovir in the same institution. The histopathologic and electrophysiologic effects of high-dose intravitreous ganciclovir injections in rabbits also were studied.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48911053,"asset_id":6338784,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9876640,"first_name":"Minas","last_name":"Coroneo","domain_name":"unsw","page_name":"MinasCoroneo","display_name":"Minas Coroneo","profile_url":"https://unsw.academia.edu/MinasCoroneo?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9876640/107232026/96449949/s65_minas.coroneo.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":112993,"name":"Cytomegalovirus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytomegalovirus?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":546351,"name":"Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acquired_Immune_Deficiency_Syndrome?f_ri=627"},{"id":1312754,"name":"Prospective Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_Study?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81199997" data-work_id="81199997" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81199997/Accuracy_of_Intraocular_Lens_Calculation_Formulas">Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">and SRK/T) in the prediction of postoperative refraction using a single optical biometry device. Design: Retrospective consecutive case series. Participants: A total of 13 301 cataract operations with an AcrySof SN60WF implant and 5200... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81199997" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">and SRK/T) in the prediction of postoperative refraction using a single optical biometry device. Design: Retrospective consecutive case series. Participants: A total of 13 301 cataract operations with an AcrySof SN60WF implant and 5200 operations with a SA60AT implant (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Methods: All patients undergoing cataract surgery between July 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, with Lenstar 900 optical biometry were eligible. A single eye per patient was included in the final analysis, resulting in a total of 18 501 cases. We compared the performance of each formula with respect to the error in predicted spherical equivalent and evaluated the effect of applying the WangeKoch (WK) adjustment for eyes with axial length >25.0 mm on 4 of the formulas. Results: For the SN60WF, the standard deviation of the prediction error, in order of lowest to highest, was the Barrett Universal II (0.404), Olsen (0.424), Haigis (0.437), Holladay 2 (0.450), Holladay 1 (0.453), SRK/T (0.463), and Hoffer Q (0.473), and the results for the SA60AT were similar. The Barrett formula was significantly better than the other formulas in postoperative refraction prediction (P < 0.01) for both IOL types. Application of the WK axial length modification generally resulted in a shift from hyperopic to myopic outcomes in long eyes. Conclusions: Overall, the Barrett Universal II formula had the lowest prediction error for the 2 IOL models studied.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81199997" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a1a889fc5c0b26f621e09a6ea04499e9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87328228,"asset_id":81199997,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87328228/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65834568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZainaalMohtaseb">Zaina al-Mohtaseb</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65834568" type="text/json">{"id":65834568,"first_name":"Zaina","last_name":"al-Mohtaseb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZainaalMohtaseb","display_name":"Zaina al-Mohtaseb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZainaalMohtaseb?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81199997 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81199997"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81199997, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81199997", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81199997]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81199997").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81199997").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81199997"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="359001" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology">Optometry and Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="359001" type="text/json">{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="410370" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1">Public health systems and services research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="410370" type="text/json">{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81199997]'), work: {"id":81199997,"title":"Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas","created_at":"2022-06-10T18:29:20.765-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81199997/Accuracy_of_Intraocular_Lens_Calculation_Formulas?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_81199997","summary":"and SRK/T) in the prediction of postoperative refraction using a single optical biometry device. Design: Retrospective consecutive case series. Participants: A total of 13 301 cataract operations with an AcrySof SN60WF implant and 5200 operations with a SA60AT implant (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Methods: All patients undergoing cataract surgery between July 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, with Lenstar 900 optical biometry were eligible. A single eye per patient was included in the final analysis, resulting in a total of 18 501 cases. We compared the performance of each formula with respect to the error in predicted spherical equivalent and evaluated the effect of applying the WangeKoch (WK) adjustment for eyes with axial length \u003e25.0 mm on 4 of the formulas. Results: For the SN60WF, the standard deviation of the prediction error, in order of lowest to highest, was the Barrett Universal II (0.404), Olsen (0.424), Haigis (0.437), Holladay 2 (0.450), Holladay 1 (0.453), SRK/T (0.463), and Hoffer Q (0.473), and the results for the SA60AT were similar. The Barrett formula was significantly better than the other formulas in postoperative refraction prediction (P \u003c 0.01) for both IOL types. Application of the WK axial length modification generally resulted in a shift from hyperopic to myopic outcomes in long eyes. Conclusions: Overall, the Barrett Universal II formula had the lowest prediction error for the 2 IOL models studied.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87328228,"asset_id":81199997,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65834568,"first_name":"Zaina","last_name":"al-Mohtaseb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZainaalMohtaseb","display_name":"Zaina al-Mohtaseb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZainaalMohtaseb?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":897823,"name":"Elsevier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elsevier?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78113973" data-work_id="78113973" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/78113973/Ocular_Accommodation_Intraocular_Pressure_Development_of_Myopia_and_Glaucoma_Role_of_Ciliary_Muscle_Choroid_and_Metabolism">Ocular Accommodation, Intraocular Pressure, Development of Myopia and Glaucoma: Role of Ciliary Muscle, Choroid and Metabolism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ocular accommodation is not just a mechanism for altering curvature of the crystalline lens of the eye, it also enables aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork, influencing intraocular pressure (IOP). Long term stress on the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78113973" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ocular accommodation is not just a mechanism for altering curvature of the crystalline lens of the eye, it also enables aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork, influencing intraocular pressure (IOP). Long term stress on the ciliary muscle from sustained near focusing may initiate myopic eye growth in children and primary open angle glaucoma in presbyopic adults. Multi-factorial studies of ocular accommodation that include measures of IOP, ciliary muscle morphology, anterior chamber depth and assessment of nutritional intake and metabolic markers may elucidate etiology and novel strategies for management of both myopia and chronic glaucoma. Anatomy of the ciliary fibers from anterior insertion in the fluid drainage pathway to their posterior consanguinity with the vascular choroid, alters ocular parameters such as micro-fluctuations of accommodation and pulsatile ocular blood flow that are driven by cardiac contractions conveyed by carotid arteries. Stretching of the c...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78113973" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8e48a15555703b1325b1af96a33c2ea4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85274961,"asset_id":78113973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85274961/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="218994424" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AggarwalaKaran">Karan Aggarwala</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="218994424" type="text/json">{"id":218994424,"first_name":"Karan","last_name":"Aggarwala","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AggarwalaKaran","display_name":"Karan Aggarwala","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AggarwalaKaran?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78113973 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78113973"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78113973, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78113973", }); 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Long term stress on the ciliary muscle from sustained near focusing may initiate myopic eye growth in children and primary open angle glaucoma in presbyopic adults. Multi-factorial studies of ocular accommodation that include measures of IOP, ciliary muscle morphology, anterior chamber depth and assessment of nutritional intake and metabolic markers may elucidate etiology and novel strategies for management of both myopia and chronic glaucoma. Anatomy of the ciliary fibers from anterior insertion in the fluid drainage pathway to their posterior consanguinity with the vascular choroid, alters ocular parameters such as micro-fluctuations of accommodation and pulsatile ocular blood flow that are driven by cardiac contractions conveyed by carotid arteries. Stretching of the c...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85274961,"asset_id":78113973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":218994424,"first_name":"Karan","last_name":"Aggarwala","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AggarwalaKaran","display_name":"Karan Aggarwala","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AggarwalaKaran?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":96572,"name":"Glaucoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glaucoma?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":121320,"name":"Intraocular Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intraocular_Pressure?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":2562017,"name":"Choroid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Choroid?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75460007" data-work_id="75460007" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/75460007/Correction_of_high_astigmatism_in_cataract_patients_with_a_toric_IOL_with_a_Z_haptic">Correction of high astigmatism in cataract patients with a toric IOL with a Z-haptic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A retrospective study of cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of the Toric Microsil 6116 TU IOL is described.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75460007" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="109359516" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelDomingues3">Manuel Domingues</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="109359516" type="text/json">{"id":109359516,"first_name":"Manuel","last_name":"Domingues","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ManuelDomingues3","display_name":"Manuel Domingues","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelDomingues3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/109359516/40313003/33058783/s65_manuel.domingues.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75460007 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75460007"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75460007, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75460007", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75460007]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75460007").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75460007").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75460007"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75460007]'), work: {"id":75460007,"title":"Correction of high astigmatism in cataract patients with a toric IOL with a Z-haptic","created_at":"2022-04-04T14:08:32.850-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75460007/Correction_of_high_astigmatism_in_cataract_patients_with_a_toric_IOL_with_a_Z_haptic?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_75460007","summary":"A retrospective study of cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of the Toric Microsil 6116 TU IOL is described.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":109359516,"first_name":"Manuel","last_name":"Domingues","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ManuelDomingues3","display_name":"Manuel Domingues","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelDomingues3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/109359516/40313003/33058783/s65_manuel.domingues.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72001297 coauthored" data-work_id="72001297" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72001297/Incidence_and_Characteristics_of_Cataract_Surgery_in_France_from_2009_to_2012">Incidence and Characteristics of Cataract Surgery in France from 2009 to 2012</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: To report age-and sex-specific incidence rates of cataract surgery in France and evaluate the trends of cataract surgery from 2009 to 2012. Design: Cohort study Subjects: Data for all patients who underwent primary cataract... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72001297" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: To report age-and sex-specific incidence rates of cataract surgery in France and evaluate the trends of cataract surgery from 2009 to 2012. Design: Cohort study Subjects: Data for all patients who underwent primary cataract surgery in France between January 2009 and December 2012 were collected from the national database. Methods: Annual incidence rates were calculated and adjusted to the corresponding-year national population data from the French national institute of statistics. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the time between surgeries for both eyes and the relationship between age and interval for bilateral surgery. Main Outcome Measures: Age-and sex-specific incidence of cataract surgery. Results: Over the 4 years, 2,717,203 eyes in 1,817,865 patients (59.1% women, mean age 73.5±0.015 years) underwent cataract surgery. Between 2009 and 2012, the total number of operated eyes per year increased, from 634,070 to 723,172 (+14.0%) and the number of patients with one or both eyes undergoing cataract surgery decreased, from 475,301 to 449,318 (-5.5%). The incidence of cataract surgery increased from 9.86 to 11.08/1,000 person-years and that of operated patients (one or both eyes) decreased from 7.39 to 6.89/1,000 person-years. The incidence of cataract surgery ranged from 1.06/1,000 person-years for patients 40-49 years old to 65.94/1,000 person-years for those 80-89 years old. Between 2009 and 2012, the probability of second-eye surgery 12 months after the first-eye surgery increased from 40.6% to 51.2% (P<.0001). The median interval for surgery between eyes was 29 (interquartile range 14-86) days and decreased over the study period (P<.0001). The rate of posterior capsular tear was 0.20%, with a higher proportion from extracapsular extraction than phacoemulsification (7,9% vs 0.15%; P<.0001). The proportion of patients who underwent cataract surgery with a history of high myopia or eye trauma or retinal detachment was 0.49%, 0.21%, and 0.80% respectively. Conclusions: This study documented the incidence and trends in cataract surgery in the overall population in France. Between 2009 and 2012, the number of people undergoing cataract surgery slightly decreased, but the total number of operated eyes increased because the proportion of surgeries on the second eye increased.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72001297" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e39dd05cc4a34263940aef4c0bc07ef4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81109914,"asset_id":72001297,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81109914/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="212212272" href="https://independent.academia.edu/hevedidier">didier heve</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="212212272" type="text/json">{"id":212212272,"first_name":"didier","last_name":"heve","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"hevedidier","display_name":"didier heve","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/hevedidier?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/212212272/71380373/59823621/s65_didier.heve.jpeg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-72001297">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-72001297"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnickLEPAPE">Annick LE PAPE</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-72001297'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-72001297').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72001297 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72001297"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72001297, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72001297", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72001297 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72001297; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72001297"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72001297 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72001297"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72001297; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72001297]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72001297").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72001297").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72001297"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27336" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/France">France</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27336" type="text/json">{"id":27336,"name":"France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/France?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="144034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract">Cataract</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="144034" type="text/json">{"id":144034,"name":"Cataract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72001297]'), work: {"id":72001297,"title":"Incidence and Characteristics of Cataract Surgery in France from 2009 to 2012","created_at":"2022-02-20T13:09:54.544-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72001297/Incidence_and_Characteristics_of_Cataract_Surgery_in_France_from_2009_to_2012?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_72001297","summary":"Objective: To report age-and sex-specific incidence rates of cataract surgery in France and evaluate the trends of cataract surgery from 2009 to 2012. Design: Cohort study Subjects: Data for all patients who underwent primary cataract surgery in France between January 2009 and December 2012 were collected from the national database. Methods: Annual incidence rates were calculated and adjusted to the corresponding-year national population data from the French national institute of statistics. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the time between surgeries for both eyes and the relationship between age and interval for bilateral surgery. Main Outcome Measures: Age-and sex-specific incidence of cataract surgery. Results: Over the 4 years, 2,717,203 eyes in 1,817,865 patients (59.1% women, mean age 73.5±0.015 years) underwent cataract surgery. Between 2009 and 2012, the total number of operated eyes per year increased, from 634,070 to 723,172 (+14.0%) and the number of patients with one or both eyes undergoing cataract surgery decreased, from 475,301 to 449,318 (-5.5%). The incidence of cataract surgery increased from 9.86 to 11.08/1,000 person-years and that of operated patients (one or both eyes) decreased from 7.39 to 6.89/1,000 person-years. The incidence of cataract surgery ranged from 1.06/1,000 person-years for patients 40-49 years old to 65.94/1,000 person-years for those 80-89 years old. Between 2009 and 2012, the probability of second-eye surgery 12 months after the first-eye surgery increased from 40.6% to 51.2% (P\u003c.0001). The median interval for surgery between eyes was 29 (interquartile range 14-86) days and decreased over the study period (P\u003c.0001). The rate of posterior capsular tear was 0.20%, with a higher proportion from extracapsular extraction than phacoemulsification (7,9% vs 0.15%; P\u003c.0001). The proportion of patients who underwent cataract surgery with a history of high myopia or eye trauma or retinal detachment was 0.49%, 0.21%, and 0.80% respectively. Conclusions: This study documented the incidence and trends in cataract surgery in the overall population in France. Between 2009 and 2012, the number of people undergoing cataract surgery slightly decreased, but the total number of operated eyes increased because the proportion of surgeries on the second eye increased.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81109914,"asset_id":72001297,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":212212272,"first_name":"didier","last_name":"heve","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"hevedidier","display_name":"didier heve","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/hevedidier?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/212212272/71380373/59823621/s65_didier.heve.jpeg"},{"id":217338606,"first_name":"Annick","last_name":"LE PAPE","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnnickLEPAPE","display_name":"Annick LE PAPE","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnnickLEPAPE?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":27336,"name":"France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/France?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":144034,"name":"Cataract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":174502,"name":"Incidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incidence?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":557260,"name":"Health surveys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_surveys?f_ri=627"},{"id":1819400,"name":"Cohort Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cohort_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":2463621,"name":"Postoperative Complications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postoperative_Complications?f_ri=627"},{"id":3762059,"name":"Intraoperative complications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intraoperative_complications?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71928047" data-work_id="71928047" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71928047/Visual_efficiency_among_teenaged_athletes_and_non_athletes">Visual efficiency among teenaged athletes and non-athletes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">• AIM: To compare visual efficiency, specifically accommodation, vergence, and oculomotor functions among athletes and non-athletes. • METHODS: A cross-sectional study on sports vision screening was used to evaluate the visual skills of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71928047" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">• AIM: To compare visual efficiency, specifically accommodation, vergence, and oculomotor functions among athletes and non-athletes. • METHODS: A cross-sectional study on sports vision screening was used to evaluate the visual skills of 214 elementary students (107 athletes, 107 non-athletes), aged between 13 and 16y. The visual screening assessed visual parameters such as ocular motor alignment, accommodation, and vergence functions. • RESULTS: Mean visual parameters were compared between age-group matched athletes (mean age 14.82±0.98y) and non-athletes (mean age 15.00±1.04y). The refractive errors of all participants were corrected to maximal attainable best corrected visual acuity of logMAR 0.0. Accommodation function assessment evaluated amplitude of accommodation and accommodation facility. Vergence functions measured the near point of convergence, vergence facility, and distance fusional vergence at break and recovery point. Ocular motor alignment was not statistically significant between both groups. Athletes had a statistically significant amplitude of accommodation for both the right eye (t=2.30, P=0.02) and the left eye (t=1.99, P=0.05). Conversely, non-athletes had better accommodation facility (t=-2.54, P=0.01) and near point of convergence (t=4.39, P<0.001) when compared to athletes. Vergence facility was found to be better among athletes (t=2.47, P=0.01). Nevertheless, non-athletes were significantly better for both distance negative and positive fusional vergence. • CONCLUSION: Although the findings are still inconclusive as to whether athletes had superior visual skills as compared to non-athletes, it remains important to identify and elucidate the key visual skills needed by athletes in order for them to achieve higher performance in their sports.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71928047" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cffa140c05e91a5f201d42e500d6a091" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81070741,"asset_id":71928047,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81070741/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13713580" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RokiahOmar">Rokiah Omar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13713580" type="text/json">{"id":13713580,"first_name":"Rokiah","last_name":"Omar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RokiahOmar","display_name":"Rokiah Omar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RokiahOmar?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71928047 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71928047"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71928047, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71928047", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71928047 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71928047; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71928047"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71928047 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71928047"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71928047; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71928047]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71928047").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71928047").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71928047"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71928047]'), work: {"id":71928047,"title":"Visual efficiency among teenaged athletes and non-athletes","created_at":"2022-02-20T01:42:05.399-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71928047/Visual_efficiency_among_teenaged_athletes_and_non_athletes?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_71928047","summary":"• AIM: To compare visual efficiency, specifically accommodation, vergence, and oculomotor functions among athletes and non-athletes. • METHODS: A cross-sectional study on sports vision screening was used to evaluate the visual skills of 214 elementary students (107 athletes, 107 non-athletes), aged between 13 and 16y. The visual screening assessed visual parameters such as ocular motor alignment, accommodation, and vergence functions. • RESULTS: Mean visual parameters were compared between age-group matched athletes (mean age 14.82±0.98y) and non-athletes (mean age 15.00±1.04y). The refractive errors of all participants were corrected to maximal attainable best corrected visual acuity of logMAR 0.0. Accommodation function assessment evaluated amplitude of accommodation and accommodation facility. Vergence functions measured the near point of convergence, vergence facility, and distance fusional vergence at break and recovery point. Ocular motor alignment was not statistically significant between both groups. Athletes had a statistically significant amplitude of accommodation for both the right eye (t=2.30, P=0.02) and the left eye (t=1.99, P=0.05). Conversely, non-athletes had better accommodation facility (t=-2.54, P=0.01) and near point of convergence (t=4.39, P\u003c0.001) when compared to athletes. Vergence facility was found to be better among athletes (t=2.47, P=0.01). Nevertheless, non-athletes were significantly better for both distance negative and positive fusional vergence. • CONCLUSION: Although the findings are still inconclusive as to whether athletes had superior visual skills as compared to non-athletes, it remains important to identify and elucidate the key visual skills needed by athletes in order for them to achieve higher performance in their sports.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81070741,"asset_id":71928047,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13713580,"first_name":"Rokiah","last_name":"Omar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RokiahOmar","display_name":"Rokiah Omar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RokiahOmar?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68264898" data-work_id="68264898" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68264898/Use_of_X_ray_computed_tomography_to_investigate_crack_distribution_and_mineral_dissemination_in_sphalerite_ore_particles">Use of X-ray computed tomography to investigate crack distribution and mineral dissemination in sphalerite ore particles</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As the trends in mineral processing move towards the beneficiation of finer grained and more complex ore bodies, so too do the methods needed to understand and model these processes. During the heap leaching of low-grade ore bodies, the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68264898" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As the trends in mineral processing move towards the beneficiation of finer grained and more complex ore bodies, so too do the methods needed to understand and model these processes. During the heap leaching of low-grade ore bodies, the crack distribution and mineral dissemination in ore particles are important characteristics that determine the performance of sub-processes, such as the diffusion of reagents in and out of particle pores. Recent developments in X-ray computed tomography (CT) as an advanced diagnostic and nondestructive technique have indicated the potential for the technology to become a tool for the acquisition of 3-D mineralogical and structural data. The spatial distribution of cracks and mineral dissemination in particles derived from a sphalerite ore in the Northern Cape, South Africa, was characterized using a high-resolution industrial X-ray CT system. This paper describes the use of image analysis techniques including image segmentation, which uses a combination of thresholding and other methods to characterize and quantify crack and mineral dissemination in the sphalerite particles. The results are validated with those obtained using traditional techniques such as physical gas (with N 2) adsorption, mercury intrusion porosimetry, SEM and QEMSCAN. A comparison of the effect of different comminution devices (HPGR and Cone crusher) on crack generation is also given.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68264898" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c10c08ff21866b3080b38a14be7cf05" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78802570,"asset_id":68264898,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78802570/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32907104" href="https://uct.academia.edu/AMainza">A. Mainza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32907104" type="text/json">{"id":32907104,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Mainza","domain_name":"uct","page_name":"AMainza","display_name":"A. Mainza","profile_url":"https://uct.academia.edu/AMainza?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68264898 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68264898"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68264898, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68264898", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_68264898 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68264898; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_68264898"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_68264898 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68264898"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68264898; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68264898]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68264898").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68264898").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68264898"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology">Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="406" type="text/json">{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9351" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Image_Analysis">Image Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9351" type="text/json">{"id":9351,"name":"Image Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Image_Analysis?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68264898]'), work: {"id":68264898,"title":"Use of X-ray computed tomography to investigate crack distribution and mineral dissemination in sphalerite ore particles","created_at":"2022-01-15T05:07:30.913-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68264898/Use_of_X_ray_computed_tomography_to_investigate_crack_distribution_and_mineral_dissemination_in_sphalerite_ore_particles?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_68264898","summary":"As the trends in mineral processing move towards the beneficiation of finer grained and more complex ore bodies, so too do the methods needed to understand and model these processes. During the heap leaching of low-grade ore bodies, the crack distribution and mineral dissemination in ore particles are important characteristics that determine the performance of sub-processes, such as the diffusion of reagents in and out of particle pores. Recent developments in X-ray computed tomography (CT) as an advanced diagnostic and nondestructive technique have indicated the potential for the technology to become a tool for the acquisition of 3-D mineralogical and structural data. The spatial distribution of cracks and mineral dissemination in particles derived from a sphalerite ore in the Northern Cape, South Africa, was characterized using a high-resolution industrial X-ray CT system. This paper describes the use of image analysis techniques including image segmentation, which uses a combination of thresholding and other methods to characterize and quantify crack and mineral dissemination in the sphalerite particles. The results are validated with those obtained using traditional techniques such as physical gas (with N 2) adsorption, mercury intrusion porosimetry, SEM and QEMSCAN. A comparison of the effect of different comminution devices (HPGR and Cone crusher) on crack generation is also given.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78802570,"asset_id":68264898,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32907104,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Mainza","domain_name":"uct","page_name":"AMainza","display_name":"A. Mainza","profile_url":"https://uct.academia.edu/AMainza?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":9351,"name":"Image Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Image_Analysis?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":9533,"name":"Minerals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals?f_ri=627"},{"id":20929,"name":"Minerals Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals_Engineering?f_ri=627"},{"id":26870,"name":"Image segmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Image_segmentation?f_ri=627"},{"id":61866,"name":"South Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Africa?f_ri=627"},{"id":95074,"name":"Structured data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structured_data?f_ri=627"},{"id":236377,"name":"Spatial Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Distribution?f_ri=627"},{"id":309086,"name":"High Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution?f_ri=627"},{"id":959921,"name":"X ray Computed Tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_Computed_Tomography?f_ri=627"},{"id":2332997,"name":"Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mercury_Intrusion_Porosimetry?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60959383" data-work_id="60959383" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60959383/The_trochlea_A_study_of_the_anatomy_and_physiology">The trochlea. A study of the anatomy and physiology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Trochleas obtained from fresh surgical specimens, autopsy material, and cadavers were studied by means of dissection, light microscopy, and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission). A bursa-like structure that has not previously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60959383" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Trochleas obtained from fresh surgical specimens, autopsy material, and cadavers were studied by means of dissection, light microscopy, and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission). A bursa-like structure that has not previously been described lines the ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60959383" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9f8efb38f93202b15d69778c7b839952" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74175429,"asset_id":60959383,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74175429/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44644256" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EugeneHelveston">Eugene Helveston</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44644256" type="text/json">{"id":44644256,"first_name":"Eugene","last_name":"Helveston","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EugeneHelveston","display_name":"Eugene Helveston","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EugeneHelveston?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60959383 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60959383"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60959383, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60959383", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60959383]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60959383").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60959383").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60959383"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14076" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy">Transmission Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14076" type="text/json">{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78188" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cartilage">Cartilage</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78188" type="text/json">{"id":78188,"name":"Cartilage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cartilage?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60959383]'), work: {"id":60959383,"title":"The trochlea. A study of the anatomy and physiology","created_at":"2021-11-03T16:34:23.180-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60959383/The_trochlea_A_study_of_the_anatomy_and_physiology?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_60959383","summary":"Trochleas obtained from fresh surgical specimens, autopsy material, and cadavers were studied by means of dissection, light microscopy, and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission). A bursa-like structure that has not previously been described lines the ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74175429,"asset_id":60959383,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44644256,"first_name":"Eugene","last_name":"Helveston","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EugeneHelveston","display_name":"Eugene Helveston","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EugeneHelveston?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":78188,"name":"Cartilage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cartilage?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":1592877,"name":"Orbit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orbit?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60573028" data-work_id="60573028" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60573028/Epidemiology_Etiology_and_Prevention_of_Late_IOL_Capsular_Bag_Complex_Dislocation_Review_of_the_Literature">Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention of Late IOL-Capsular Bag Complex Dislocation: Review of the Literature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) subluxation is uncommon but represents one of the most serious complications following phacoemulsification. Late spontaneous IOL-capsular bag complex dislocation is defined as occurring three... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60573028" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) subluxation is uncommon but represents one of the most serious complications following phacoemulsification. Late spontaneous IOL-capsular bag complex dislocation is defined as occurring three months or later following cataract surgery. Unlike early IOL dislocation, late spontaneous IOL dislocation is due to a progressive zonular dehiscence and contraction of the capsular bag many years what seemed to be uneventful surgery. In recent years, late in-the-bag IOL subluxation or dislocation has been reported with increasing frequency, having a cumulative risk of IOL dislocation following cataract extraction of 0.1% after 10 years and 1.7% after 25 years. A predisposition to zonular insufficiency and capsular contraction is identified in 90% of reviewed cases. Multiple conditions likely play a role in contributing to this zonular weakness and capsular contraction. Pseudoexfoliation is the most common risk factor, accounting for more than 50% of ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60573028" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3013b4792f23029512123c7cf5641e0e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73957535,"asset_id":60573028,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73957535/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32786473" href="https://unizar.academia.edu/FranciscoAscaso">Francisco Ascaso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32786473" type="text/json">{"id":32786473,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"Ascaso","domain_name":"unizar","page_name":"FranciscoAscaso","display_name":"Francisco Ascaso","profile_url":"https://unizar.academia.edu/FranciscoAscaso?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60573028 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60573028"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60573028, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60573028", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60573028 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60573028; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60573028"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60573028 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60573028"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60573028; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60573028]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60573028").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60573028").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60573028"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60573028]'), work: {"id":60573028,"title":"Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention of Late IOL-Capsular Bag Complex Dislocation: Review of the Literature","created_at":"2021-10-31T10:02:22.675-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60573028/Epidemiology_Etiology_and_Prevention_of_Late_IOL_Capsular_Bag_Complex_Dislocation_Review_of_the_Literature?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_60573028","summary":"Posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) subluxation is uncommon but represents one of the most serious complications following phacoemulsification. Late spontaneous IOL-capsular bag complex dislocation is defined as occurring three months or later following cataract surgery. Unlike early IOL dislocation, late spontaneous IOL dislocation is due to a progressive zonular dehiscence and contraction of the capsular bag many years what seemed to be uneventful surgery. In recent years, late in-the-bag IOL subluxation or dislocation has been reported with increasing frequency, having a cumulative risk of IOL dislocation following cataract extraction of 0.1% after 10 years and 1.7% after 25 years. A predisposition to zonular insufficiency and capsular contraction is identified in 90% of reviewed cases. Multiple conditions likely play a role in contributing to this zonular weakness and capsular contraction. Pseudoexfoliation is the most common risk factor, accounting for more than 50% of ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73957535,"asset_id":60573028,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32786473,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"Ascaso","domain_name":"unizar","page_name":"FranciscoAscaso","display_name":"Francisco Ascaso","profile_url":"https://unizar.academia.edu/FranciscoAscaso?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58810982" data-work_id="58810982" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58810982/The_Correlation_Between_Visual_Acuity_and_Color_Vision_as_an_Indicator_of_the_Cause_of_Visual_Loss">The Correlation Between Visual Acuity and Color Vision as an Indicator of the Cause of Visual Loss</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58810982" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9fb40ceb0c04e1e57f7c17747983ccda" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73042339,"asset_id":58810982,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73042339/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35537977" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArieNemet">Arie Nemet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35537977" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_58810982"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_58810982 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="58810982"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58810982; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58810982]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58810982").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58810982").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58810982"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28865" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amblyopia">Amblyopia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28865" type="text/json">{"id":28865,"name":"Amblyopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amblyopia?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58810982]'), work: {"id":58810982,"title":"The Correlation Between Visual 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Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=627"},{"id":144034,"name":"Cataract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cataract?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":990525,"name":"Retinal Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_Diseases?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_56491711" data-work_id="56491711" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56491711/Management_of_Dislocated_Posterior_Chamber_Intraocular_Lenses">Management of Dislocated Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Management options for posteriorly dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses include observation, removal, exchange, and repositioning. Many microsurgical techniques have been developed for repositioning posterior chamber implants.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_56491711" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Management options for posteriorly dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses include observation, removal, exchange, and repositioning. Many microsurgical techniques have been developed for repositioning posterior chamber implants. These include repositioning into the ciliary sulcus without suturing if adequate posterior capsule support remains, iris fixation suturing techniques, and scleral fixation suturing techniques. The indications, timing, and techniques for intervention are reviewed in a series of 32 cases with posteriorly dislocated posterior chamber implants. A final visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 15 (79%) of 19 IOL repositioned cases, in 6 (75%) of 8 IOL exchanged cases, and in 1 (33%) of 3 IOL removed cases. In two patients observed without surgery, final visual acuity was 20/25 and 20/300, respectively.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56491711" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d1b02d42cf3635b185bfddfcb3b075d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71852522,"asset_id":56491711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71852522/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39082532" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamSmiddy">William Smiddy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39082532" type="text/json">{"id":39082532,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Smiddy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamSmiddy","display_name":"William Smiddy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamSmiddy?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56491711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56491711"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56491711, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56491711", }); 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Many microsurgical techniques have been developed for repositioning posterior chamber implants. These include repositioning into the ciliary sulcus without suturing if adequate posterior capsule support remains, iris fixation suturing techniques, and scleral fixation suturing techniques. The indications, timing, and techniques for intervention are reviewed in a series of 32 cases with posteriorly dislocated posterior chamber implants. A final visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 15 (79%) of 19 IOL repositioned cases, in 6 (75%) of 8 IOL exchanged cases, and in 1 (33%) of 3 IOL removed cases. In two patients observed without surgery, final visual acuity was 20/25 and 20/300, respectively.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71852522,"asset_id":56491711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39082532,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Smiddy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamSmiddy","display_name":"William Smiddy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamSmiddy?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":63890,"name":"Complication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complication?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":103219,"name":"Retinal detachment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_detachment?f_ri=627"},{"id":134056,"name":"Dislocation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dislocation?f_ri=627"},{"id":137516,"name":"Follow-up studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Follow-up_studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":2482067,"name":"Reoperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reoperation?f_ri=627"},{"id":3153703,"name":"Suture techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Suture_techniques?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50814548" data-work_id="50814548" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50814548/COVID_19_Infection_via_the_Eyes_and_Mask_Protection_Misinformation">COVID-19 Infection via the Eyes and Mask Protection Misinformation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Irresponsible failure of health authorities regarding need for protective goggles?- -Introduction References to COVID-19 infection via the eyes Comparison with research dismissal of HIV infection via mosquitoes Masks without Goggles or... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50814548" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Irresponsible failure of health authorities regarding need for protective goggles?- -Introduction References to COVID-19 infection via the eyes Comparison with research dismissal of HIV infection via mosquitoes Masks without Goggles or Masks with Goggles? Indication of range of full-face pandemic masks Convergence on face-covering norms in Muslim-majority countries?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50814548" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="60fd3ed5bdf2de5110206033c4ad04d3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68734699,"asset_id":50814548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68734699/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31687101" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JudgeAnthony">Anthony Judge</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31687101" type="text/json">{"id":31687101,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"Judge","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JudgeAnthony","display_name":"Anthony Judge","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JudgeAnthony?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50814548 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50814548"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50814548, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50814548", }); 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Indication of range of full-face pandemic masks Convergence on face-covering norms in Muslim-majority countries?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68734699,"asset_id":50814548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31687101,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"Judge","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JudgeAnthony","display_name":"Anthony Judge","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JudgeAnthony?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":28401,"name":"Ocular 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u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1907" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition">Nutrition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1907" type="text/json">{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health">Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14406" 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Retinopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Retinopathy?f_ri=627"},{"id":129744,"name":"Confidence intervals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confidence_intervals?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":289330,"name":"Prevalence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevalence?f_ri=627"},{"id":437772,"name":"Odds ratio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odds_ratio?f_ri=627"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":1294607,"name":"Logistic Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logistic_Models?f_ri=627"},{"id":1819399,"name":"Case Control Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Control_Studies?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44536163" data-work_id="44536163" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44536163/Blind_Spots_Gaps_in_Disease_Knowledge_and_the_Role_of_Patient_Education_for_Canadians_with_Diabetic_Macular_Edema">Blind Spots: Gaps in Disease Knowledge and the Role of Patient Education for Canadians with Diabetic Macular Edema</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Key Messages: • The burden of diabetic macular edema is significant, but treatment adherence is poor. • Low disease education may be a contributing factor, and further research is needed to understand how and when to provide information... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44536163" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Key Messages:<br /><br />• The burden of diabetic macular edema is significant, but treatment adherence is poor.<br /><br />• Low disease education may be a contributing factor, and further research is needed to understand how and when to provide information tailored to specific patients.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44536163" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2a53b87fcad0e4d4eddfa48d0107a1ea" rel="nofollow" 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work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44536163; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44536163"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44536163 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44536163"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44536163; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44536163]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44536163").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44536163").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44536163"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4581" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes">Diabetes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4581" type="text/json">{"id":4581,"name":"Diabetes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8561" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Provider_Communication">Patient Provider Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8561" type="text/json">{"id":8561,"name":"Patient Provider Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Provider_Communication?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20878" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctor-patient_communication">Doctor-patient communication</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20878" type="text/json">{"id":20878,"name":"Doctor-patient communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctor-patient_communication?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44536163]'), work: {"id":44536163,"title":"Blind Spots: Gaps in Disease Knowledge and the Role of Patient Education for Canadians with Diabetic Macular Edema","created_at":"2020-11-19T11:02:38.646-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44536163/Blind_Spots_Gaps_in_Disease_Knowledge_and_the_Role_of_Patient_Education_for_Canadians_with_Diabetic_Macular_Edema?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_44536163","summary":"Key Messages:\n\n• The burden of diabetic macular edema is significant, but treatment adherence is poor.\n\n• Low disease education may be a contributing factor, and further research is needed to understand how and when to provide information tailored to specific patients.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64982973,"asset_id":44536163,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47272714,"first_name":"Chad","last_name":"Andrews","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChadAndrews3","display_name":"Chad Andrews","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChadAndrews3?f_ri=627","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47272714/12477702/24016839/s65_chad.andrews.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":4581,"name":"Diabetes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetes?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":8561,"name":"Patient Provider Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Provider_Communication?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":20878,"name":"Doctor-patient communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctor-patient_communication?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":68047,"name":"Patient Experiences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Experiences?f_ri=627"},{"id":96573,"name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Retinopathy?f_ri=627"},{"id":190278,"name":"Burden of Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burden_of_Disease?f_ri=627"},{"id":349009,"name":"Sociology of Disability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Disability?f_ri=627"},{"id":510619,"name":"Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diabetic_Macular_Edema_DME_?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33423020 coauthored" data-work_id="33423020" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33423020/Congenital_Periodic_Alternating_Nystagmus">Congenital Periodic Alternating Nystagmus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate diagnostic criteria and treatment methods for patients with congenital periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN).</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33423020" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33423020 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33423020"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33423020; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33423020]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33423020").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33423020").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div 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data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences">Clinical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="244814" type="text/json">{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33423020]'), work: {"id":33423020,"title":"Congenital Periodic Alternating 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Movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eye_Movement?f_ri=627"},{"id":990198,"name":"Retrospective Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Study?f_ri=627"},{"id":1209814,"name":"Therapeutic Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Therapeutic_Use?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13240517" data-work_id="13240517" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13240517/Low_Luminance_Visual_Acuity_and_Microperimetry_in_Age_Related_Macular_Degeneration">Low-Luminance Visual Acuity and Microperimetry in Age-Related Macular Degeneration</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: To compare the effectiveness of low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA) and microperimetry as functional measures in early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Participants:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13240517" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: To compare the effectiveness of low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA) and microperimetry as functional measures in early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Participants: One hundred seventy-nine participants with a clinical spectrum of non-neovascular AMD and 26 control participants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13240517" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ba9eb37ada3322a3bcb5ebc747b0078a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45559471,"asset_id":13240517,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45559471/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32496646" href="https://unimelb.academia.edu/RobynGuymer">Robyn Guymer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32496646" type="text/json">{"id":32496646,"first_name":"Robyn","last_name":"Guymer","domain_name":"unimelb","page_name":"RobynGuymer","display_name":"Robyn Guymer","profile_url":"https://unimelb.academia.edu/RobynGuymer?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13240517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13240517"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13240517, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13240517", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13240517]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13240517").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13240517").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13240517"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62112" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies">Prospective studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62112" type="text/json">{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina">Retina</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="117200" type="text/json">{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13240517]'), work: {"id":13240517,"title":"Low-Luminance Visual Acuity and Microperimetry in Age-Related Macular Degeneration","created_at":"2015-06-24T06:19:08.826-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13240517/Low_Luminance_Visual_Acuity_and_Microperimetry_in_Age_Related_Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_13240517","summary":"Objective: To compare the effectiveness of low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA) and microperimetry as functional measures in early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Participants: One hundred seventy-nine participants with a clinical spectrum of non-neovascular AMD and 26 control participants.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45559471,"asset_id":13240517,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32496646,"first_name":"Robyn","last_name":"Guymer","domain_name":"unimelb","page_name":"RobynGuymer","display_name":"Robyn Guymer","profile_url":"https://unimelb.academia.edu/RobynGuymer?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":128057,"name":"Light","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Light?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":395056,"name":"Night Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Night_Vision?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":563992,"name":"Visual Fields","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Fields?f_ri=627"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13916534" data-work_id="13916534" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13916534/Hypotrichosis_with_Juvenile_Macular_Dystrophy_Clinical_and_Electrophysiological_Assessment_of_Visual_Function">Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy: Clinical and Electrophysiological Assessment of Visual Function</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">To evaluate retinal function in subjects suffering from hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD).</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13916534" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89858b2c3ec89d09291eb020d469e8e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44807760,"asset_id":13916534,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44807760/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMzY2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32983245" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IdoPerlman">Ido Perlman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32983245" type="text/json">{"id":32983245,"first_name":"Ido","last_name":"Perlman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IdoPerlman","display_name":"Ido Perlman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IdoPerlman?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13916534 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13916534"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13916534, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13916534", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13916534 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13916534; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13916534"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13916534 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13916534"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13916534; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13916534]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13916534").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13916534").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13916534"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="627" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="627" type="text/json">{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40271" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity">Visual acuity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40271" type="text/json">{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40272" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration">Macular Degeneration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40272" type="text/json">{"id":40272,"name":"Macular Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13916534]'), work: {"id":13916534,"title":"Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy: Clinical and Electrophysiological Assessment of Visual Function","created_at":"2015-07-11T07:25:35.836-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13916534/Hypotrichosis_with_Juvenile_Macular_Dystrophy_Clinical_and_Electrophysiological_Assessment_of_Visual_Function?f_ri=627","dom_id":"work_13916534","summary":"To evaluate retinal function in subjects suffering from hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44807760,"asset_id":13916534,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32983245,"first_name":"Ido","last_name":"Perlman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IdoPerlman","display_name":"Ido Perlman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IdoPerlman?f_ri=627","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40271,"name":"Visual acuity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_acuity?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":40272,"name":"Macular Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macular_Degeneration?f_ri=627","nofollow":true},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=627"},{"id":89120,"name":"Hypotrichosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypotrichosis?f_ri=627"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina?f_ri=627"},{"id":188349,"name":"Pedigree","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedigree?f_ri=627"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=627"},{"id":359001,"name":"Optometry and Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optometry_and_Ophthalmology?f_ri=627"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=627"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":968586,"name":"Visual Evoked Potentials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Evoked_Potentials?f_ri=627"},{"id":1225171,"name":"Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syndrome?f_ri=627"},{"id":1235307,"name":"Electrooculography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrooculography?f_ri=627"},{"id":1819399,"name":"Case Control Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Control_Studies?f_ri=627"},{"id":1988524,"name":"Dark Adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Adaptation?f_ri=627"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?after=50%2C13916534" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div 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