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Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Chamillart" title="Michel Chamillart – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Michel Chamillart" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Chamillart" title="Michel Chamillart – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Michel Chamillart" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Chamillart" title="Michel Chamillart – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Michel Chamillart" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Chamillart" title="Michel Chamillart – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Michel Chamillart" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="ميشيل شاميلارت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميشيل شاميلارت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ミシェル・シャミヤール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミシェル・シャミヤール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Chamillart" title="Michel Chamillart – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Michel Chamillart" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%80,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Шамильяр, Мишель – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шамильяр, Мишель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_de_Chamillart" title="Michel de Chamillart – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Michel de Chamillart" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">French politician</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid 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href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Michel_Chamillart" title="Special:EditPage/Michel Chamillart">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Michel+Chamillart%22">"Michel Chamillart"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Michel+Chamillart%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Michel+Chamillart%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Michel+Chamillart%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Michel+Chamillart%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Michel+Chamillart%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Michel_Chamillart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Michel_Chamillart.jpg/240px-Michel_Chamillart.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Michel_Chamillart.jpg/360px-Michel_Chamillart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Michel_Chamillart.jpg/480px-Michel_Chamillart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>Michel Chamillart</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Michel Chamillart</b> or <b>Chamillard</b> (2 January 1652 – 14 April 1721) was a French <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/statesman" class="extiw" title="wikt:statesman">statesman</a>, a minister of King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV of France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chamillart was born in Paris of a family recently raised to the nobility. Following the usual career of a statesman of his time he became in turn <a href="/wiki/Councillor" title="Councillor">councillor</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Parlement" title="Parlement">parlement</a></i> of Paris (1676), master of requests (1686), and <a href="/wiki/Intendant" title="Intendant">intendant</a> of the generality of <a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a> (January 1689). His attractive personality won the confidence of <a href="/wiki/Madame_de_Maintenon" class="mw-redirect" title="Madame de Maintenon">Madame de Maintenon</a> and pleased the king. In 1690 he was made <a href="/wiki/Intendant_des_finances" title="Intendant des finances">intendant of finances</a>, and on 5 September 1699 the king appointed him <a href="/wiki/Controller-General_of_Finances" title="Controller-General of Finances">Controller-General of Finances</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to which he added on the following 7 January the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War_(France)" title="Secretary of State for War (France)">ministry of war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the first, Chamillart's position was a difficult one. The deficit was more than 53 million <a href="/wiki/Livre_tournois" title="Livre tournois">livres</a>, and the credit of the state was almost exhausted. Chamillart lacked the intelligence and energy necessary for the situation, and was unable to moderate the king's warlike tastes, or to inaugurate economic reforms. He could only employ the usual expedients of the time—the immoderate sale of offices, the debasement of the coinage (five times in six years), reduction of the rate of interest on state debts, and increased taxation.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chamillart attempted to force into circulation a kind of paper money, <i>billets de monnaie</i>, with disastrous results owing to the state of credit. He studied <a href="/wiki/Vauban" class="mw-redirect" title="Vauban">Vauban</a>'s project for the royal tithe, and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Le_Pesant,_sieur_de_Boisguilbert" title="Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert">Boisguillebert</a>'s proposition for the <i><a href="/wiki/Taille" title="Taille">taille</a></i>, but did not adopt them. In October 1706 he showed the king that the debts immediately due amounted to 288 million, and that the deficit already foreseen for 1707 was 160 million. In October 1707 he saw with consternation that the revenue for 1708 was already entirely eaten up by anticipation, so that neither money nor credit remained for 1708. In these conditions Chamillart, who had often complained of the overwhelming burden he was carrying, and who had already wished to retire in 1706, resigned his office of controller-general. Public opinion attributed to him the ruin of the country,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though he had tried in 1700 to improve the condition of commerce by the creation of a council of commerce. </p><p>As secretary of state for war he was responsible for raising an army for the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and had to reorganize it three times, after the defeats of 1704, 1706 and 1708.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With an empty treasury he succeeded only in part, and he warned the king that the enemy would soon be able to dictate the terms of peace. He was reproached with having secured the command of the army which besieged <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> (1706) for his son-in-law, the incapable <a href="/wiki/Louis_d%27Aubusson_de_la_Feuillade" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis d'Aubusson de la Feuillade">duc de la Feuillade</a>. Even Madame de Maintenon became hostile to him, and he was dismissed from his position on 9 June 1709, retiring to his estates.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chamillart's papers were published by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustave_Esnault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustave Esnault (page does not exist)">Gustave Esnault</a>, <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Michel Chamillart, contrôleur général et secrétaire d'état de la guerre, correspondance et papiers inédits</i></span></i> (2 vols, Paris, 1885);<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by <a href="/w/index.php?title=A_de_Boislisle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A de Boislisle (page does not exist)">A de Boislisle</a> in vol. 2 of his <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Correspondance des controleurs généraux</i></span></i> (1883). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Chamillart&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG150517">"Collections Online | British Museum"</a>. <i>The British Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+British+Museum&rft.atitle=Collections+Online+%7C+British+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fterm%2FBIOG150517&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21063842"><i>French Louisiana : a commemoration of the French Revolution bicentennial</i></a>. Robert B. Holtman, Glenn R. Conrad, Louisiana Committee on the French Revolution. Lafayette, La.: Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana. 1989. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-940984-52-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-940984-52-0"><bdi>0-940984-52-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/21063842">21063842</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=French+Louisiana+%3A+a+commemoration+of+the+French+Revolution+bicentennial&rft.place=Lafayette%2C+La.&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Center+for+Louisiana+Studies%2C+University+of+Southwestern+Louisiana&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F21063842&rft.isbn=0-940984-52-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F21063842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowlands2012" class="citation book cs1">Rowlands, Guy (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/812323002"><i>The Financial Decline of a Great Power : War, Influence, and Money in Louis XIV's France</i></a>. Corby: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-163694-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-163694-3"><bdi>978-0-19-163694-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/812323002">812323002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Financial+Decline+of+a+Great+Power+%3A+War%2C+Influence%2C+and+Money+in+Louis+XIV%27s+France&rft.place=Corby&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F812323002&rft.isbn=978-0-19-163694-3&rft.aulast=Rowlands&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F812323002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBromley1957–1979" class="citation book cs1">Bromley, J.S., ed. (1957–1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/182532"><i>The New Cambridge modern history</i></a>. G. R. Potter, G. R. Elton, R. B. Wernham, J. P. Cooper, F. L. Carsten, J. S. Bromley. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 331. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-22128-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-22128-5"><bdi>0-521-22128-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/182532">182532</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+modern+history&rft.pages=331&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1957%2F1979&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F182532&rft.isbn=0-521-22128-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F182532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2015" class="citation book cs1">Graham, Aaron (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/910102733"><i>Corruption, party, and government in Britain, 1702–1713</i></a>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-105878-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-105878-3"><bdi>978-0-19-105878-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/910102733">910102733</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corruption%2C+party%2C+and+government+in+Britain%2C+1702%E2%80%931713&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F910102733&rft.isbn=978-0-19-105878-3&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F910102733&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffiths2005" class="citation book cs1">Griffiths, N. E. S. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/180773040"><i>From migrant to Acadian : a North American border people, 1604–1755</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>: <a href="/wiki/McGill-Queen%27s_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="McGill-Queen's University Press">McGill-Queen's University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-7186-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-7186-0"><bdi>978-0-7735-7186-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/180773040">180773040</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+migrant+to+Acadian+%3A+a+North+American+border+people%2C+1604%E2%80%931755&rft.place=Montreal&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F180773040&rft.isbn=978-0-7735-7186-0&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=N.+E.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F180773040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwann2003" class="citation book cs1">Swann, Julian (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57256341"><i>Provincial Power and Absolute Monarchy : The Estates General of Burgundy, 1661–1790</i></a>. New York, NY, USA: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 219. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-511-06273-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-511-06273-7"><bdi>0-511-06273-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/57256341">57256341</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Provincial+Power+and+Absolute+Monarchy+%3A+The+Estates+General+of+Burgundy%2C+1661%E2%80%931790&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY%2C+USA&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F57256341&rft.isbn=0-511-06273-7&rft.aulast=Swann&rft.aufirst=Julian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F57256341&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlaits1976" class="citation book cs1">Klaits, Joseph (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/908042196"><i>Printed propaganda under Louis XIV : Absolute Monarchy and Public Opinion</i></a>. Princeton, New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-6982-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-6982-4"><bdi>978-1-4008-6982-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/908042196">908042196</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Printed+propaganda+under+Louis+XIV+%3A+Absolute+Monarchy+and+Public+Opinion&rft.place=Princeton%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F908042196&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-6982-4&rft.aulast=Klaits&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F908042196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOelke" class="citation book cs1">Oelke, K. F. <i>Louis XIV and the Land of Love and Adventure : 1700 to 1715</i>. K. F. Oelke.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louis+XIV+and+the+Land+of+Love+and+Adventure+%3A+1700+to+1715&rft.pub=K.+F.+Oelke&rft.aulast=Oelke&rft.aufirst=K.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChamillart1977" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chamillart, Michel (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/174778294"><i>Correspondance et papiers inédits / 2</i></a> (in French). Genève: Mégariotis. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/174778294">174778294</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Correspondance+et+papiers+in%C3%A9dits+%2F+2&rft.place=Gen%C3%A8ve&rft.pub=M%C3%A9gariotis&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F174778294&rft.aulast=Chamillart&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F174778294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chamillart,_Michel" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Chamillart, Michel">Chamillart, Michel</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 825.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chamillart%2C+Michel&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=825&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMichel+Chamillart" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Finance_ministers_of_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Finance_Ministers_of_France" title="Template:Finance Ministers of France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Finance_Ministers_of_France" title="Template talk:Finance Ministers of France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Finance_Ministers_of_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Finance Ministers of France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Finance_ministers_of_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_finance_ministers_of_France" title="List of finance ministers of France">Finance ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Finances" title="Superintendent of Finances">Superintendent of Finances</a> (1561–1661)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controller-General_of_Finances" title="Controller-General of Finances">Controller-General of Finances</a> (1661–1791)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a><br />(1518–1589)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_de_Beaune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques de Beaune (page does not exist)">de Beaune</a> (1518–1524)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philibert_Babou" title="Philibert Babou">Babou</a> (1524–1544)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_du_Thiers" title="Jean du Thiers">du Thiers</a> (1544–1546)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_d%27Annebault" title="Claude d'Annebault">d'Annebault</a> (1546–1552)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Guillart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Guillart (page does not exist)">Guillart</a> (1552–1556)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_d%27Avan%C3%A7on&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean d'Avançon (page does not exist)">d'Avançon</a> (1556–1559)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Cardinal_of_Lorraine" title="Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine">de Lorraine</a> (1559–1560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artus_de_Coss%C3%A9-Brissac" class="mw-redirect" title="Artus de Cossé-Brissac">de Cossé-Brissac</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_d%27Ongnyes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis d'Ongnyes (page does not exist)">d'Ongnyes</a> (1561–1567)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Birague" title="René de Birague">de Birague</a> (1568–1570)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomponne_de_Belli%C3%A8vre" title="Pomponne de Bellièvre">de Bellièvre</a> (1574–1588)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_d%27O" title="François d'O">d'O</a> (1588–1589)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a><br />(1589–1792)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_d%27O" title="François d'O">d'O</a> (1589–1594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilien_de_B%C3%A9thune,_Duke_of_Sully" title="Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully">de Béthune</a> (1598–1611)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Jeannin" title="Pierre Jeannin">Jeannin</a> (1614–1619)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Schomberg" title="Henri de Schomberg">de Schomberg</a> (1619–1622)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_La_Vieuville" title="Charles de La Vieuville">de La Vieuville</a> (1623–1624)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bochart_de_Champigny" title="Jean Bochart de Champigny">de Champigny</a>/<a href="/wiki/Michel_de_Marillac" title="Michel de Marillac">de Marillac</a> (1624–1626)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Co%C3%ABffier_de_Ruz%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Coëffier de Ruzé">de Ruzé</a> (1626–1632)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Bullion" title="Claude de Bullion">de Bullion</a>/<a href="/wiki/Claude_Bouthillier" title="Claude Bouthillier">Bouthillier</a> (1632–1640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Bouthillier" title="Claude Bouthillier">Bouthillier</a> (1640–1643)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_de_Bailleul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas de Bailleul (page does not exist)">de Bailleul</a>/<a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Mesmes,_comte_d%27Avaux" title="Claude de Mesmes, comte d'Avaux">de Mesmes</a> (1643–1647)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Particelli_d%27Emery" title="Michel Particelli d'Emery">d'Emery</a> (1647–1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_La_Porte" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de La Porte">de La Porte</a> (1648–1649)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Particelli_d%27Emery" title="Michel Particelli d'Emery">d'Emery</a>/<a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Mesmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude de Mesmes">de Mesmes</a> (1649–1650)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Longueil" title="René de Longueil">de Longueil</a> (1650–1651)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_La_Vieuville" title="Charles de La Vieuville">de La Vieuville</a> (1651–1653)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Servien" title="Abel Servien">Servien</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fouquet" title="Nicolas Fouquet">Fouquet</a> (1653–1659)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fouquet" title="Nicolas Fouquet">Fouquet</a> (1659–1661)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Colbert" title="Jean-Baptiste Colbert">Colbert</a> (1661–1683)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Le_Pelletier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Le Pelletier (page does not exist)">Le Pelletier</a> (1683–1689)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Ph%C3%A9lypeaux,_comte_de_Pontchartrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain">Phélypeaux</a> (1689–1699)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chamillart</a> (1699–1708)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Desmarets" title="Nicolas Desmarets">Desmarets</a> (1708–1715)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_Maurice_de_Noailles" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrien Maurice de Noailles">de Noailles</a> (1715–1718)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri-Jacques_Nompar_de_Caumont,_duc_de_La_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri-Jacques Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force">de Caumont</a> (1718–January 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc-Ren%C3%A9_de_Voyer_de_Paulmy_d%27Argenson_(1652%E2%80%931721)" title="Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson (1652–1721)">de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson</a> (1718–January 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Law_(economist)" title="John Law (economist)">Law</a> (January–May 1720)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Robert_Le_Peletier_des_Forts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (page does not exist)">des Forts</a> (May–December 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Le_Pelletier_de_La_Houssaye" title="Félix Le Pelletier de La Houssaye">de La Houssaye</a> (December 1720–1722)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Gaspard_Dodun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Gaspard Dodun (page does not exist)">Dodun</a> (1722–1726)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Robert_Le_Peletier_des_Forts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (page does not exist)">des Forts</a> (1726–1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philibert_Orry" title="Philibert Orry">Orry</a> (1730–1745)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_Machault_d%27Arnouville" title="Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville">d'Arnouville</a> (1745–1754)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Moreau_de_S%C3%A9chelles" title="Jean Moreau de Séchelles">de Séchelles</a> (1754–1756)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Marie_Peyrenc_de_Moras" title="François Marie Peyrenc de Moras">de Moras</a> (1756–1757)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Boullonges" title="Jean de Boullonges">de Boullonges</a> (1757–1759)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_de_Silhouette" title="Étienne de Silhouette">de Silhouette</a> (1759)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_L%C3%A9onard_Jean_Baptiste_Bertin" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Léonard Jean Baptiste Bertin">Bertin</a> (1759–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Charles_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Laverdy" title="Clément Charles François de Laverdy">de Laverdy</a> (1763–1768)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Maynon_d%27Invault" title="Étienne Maynon d'Invault">d'Invault</a> (1768–1769)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Marie_Terray" title="Joseph Marie Terray">Terray</a> (1769–1774)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot" title="Anne Robert Jacques Turgot">Turgot</a> (1774–1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_%C3%89tienne_Bernard_Ogier_de_Clugny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Étienne Bernard Ogier de Clugny (page does not exist)">de Clugny</a> (1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis-Gabriel_Taboureau_des_R%C3%A9aux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis-Gabriel Taboureau des Réaux (page does not exist)">des Réaux</a> (1776–1777)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Necker</a> (1777–1781)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Joly_de_Fleury" title="Jean-François Joly de Fleury">de Fleury</a> (1781–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Paule_Lef%C3%A8vre_d%27Ormesson" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri François de Paule Lefèvre d'Ormesson">d'Ormesson</a> (1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Alexandre_de_Calonne" title="Charles Alexandre de Calonne">de Calonne</a> (1783–1787)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Bouvard_de_Fourqueux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Bouvard de Fourqueux (page does not exist)">de Fourqueux</a> (1787)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Charles_de_Lom%C3%A9nie_de_Brienne" title="Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne">de Brienne</a> (1787–1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Necker</a> (1788–1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Le_Tonnelier_de_Breteuil" title="Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil">de Breteuil</a> (1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Necker</a> (1789–1790)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Claude_Guillaume_Lambert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Claude Guillaume Lambert (page does not exist)">Lambert</a> (1790)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Antoine_de_Valdec_de_Lessart" title="Claude Antoine de Valdec de Lessart">de Lessart</a> (1790–1791)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Hardouin_Tarb%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Hardouin Tarbé (page does not exist)">Tarbé</a> (1791–March 1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Clavière</a> (March–13 June 1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Duranthon" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Duranthon">Duranthon</a> (13 June–18 June 1792)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules_%C3%89mile_Fran%C3%A7ois_Herv%C3%A9_de_Beaulieu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jules Émile François Hervé de Beaulieu (page does not exist)">de Beaulieu</a> (18 June–29 July 1792)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Delaville-Leroulx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Delaville-Leroulx (page does not exist)">Delaville-Leroulx</a> (29 July–10 August 1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Clavière</a> (10 August–21 September 1792)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">First Republic</a><br />(1792–1804)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Clavière</a> (21 September 1792–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Gr%C3%A9goire_Deschamps_Destournelles" title="Louis Grégoire Deschamps Destournelles">Destournelles</a> (1793–1794)</li> <li><i>Vacant</i> (1794–1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Charles_Faipoult" title="Guillaume-Charles Faipoult">Faipoult</a> (1795–1796)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique-Vincent_Ramel-Nogaret" title="Dominique-Vincent Ramel-Nogaret">Ramel-Nogaret</a> (1796–July 1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Robert_Lindet" title="Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet">Lindet</a> (July–November 1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Gaudin</a> (1799–1804)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">House of Bonaparte</a><br />(1804–1814)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Gaudin</a> (1804–1814)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">House of Bourbon</a><br />(1814–1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (1814–1815)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">House of Bonaparte</a><br />(1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Gaudin</a> (March–July 1815)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">House of Bourbon</a><br />(1815–1830)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (July–September 1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Emmanuel_Corvetto" title="Louis-Emmanuel Corvetto">Corvetto</a> (September 1815–December 1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Roy" title="Antoine Roy">Roy</a> (7 December–29 December 1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (December 29, 1818–November 1819)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Roy" title="Antoine Roy">Roy</a> (1819–1821)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_Vill%C3%A8le" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste de Villèle">de Villèle</a> (1821–1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Roy" title="Antoine Roy">Roy</a> (1828–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christophe_de_Chabrol_de_Crouzol" title="Christophe de Chabrol de Crouzol">de Crouzol</a> (1829–May 1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Isidore_Baron_de_Montbel" title="Guillaume-Isidore Baron de Montbel">de Montbel</a> (May–July 1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (July–August 1830)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/July_Monarchy" title="July Monarchy">House of Orléans</a><br />(1830–1848)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (August–November 1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Laffitte" title="Jacques Laffitte">Laffitte</a> (1830–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (1831–1832)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Humann" title="Georges Humann">Humann</a> (1832–10 November 1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Passy" title="Hippolyte Passy">Passy</a> (10 November–18 November 1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Humann" title="Georges Humann">Humann</a> (18 November 1834–1836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Maurice_Apollinaire_d%27Argout" title="Antoine Maurice Apollinaire d'Argout">d'Argout</a> (January–September 1836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanneguy_Duch%C3%A2tel" title="Tanneguy Duchâtel">Duchâtel</a> (1836–1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lacave-Laplagne" title="Jean Lacave-Laplagne">Lacave-Laplagne</a> (1837–March 1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-%C3%89lie_Gautier" title="Jean-Élie Gautier">Gautier</a> (March–May 1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Passy" title="Hippolyte Passy">Passy</a> (May 1839–March 1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pelet_de_la_Loz%C3%A8re" title="Joseph Pelet de la Lozère">de la Lozère</a> (March 1840–October 1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Humann" title="Georges Humann">Humann</a> (October 1840–1842)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lacave-Laplagne" title="Jean Lacave-Laplagne">Lacave-Laplagne</a> (1842–1847)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Sylvain_Dumon" title="Pierre Sylvain Dumon">Dumon</a> (1847–February 1848)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">Second Republic</a><br />(1848–1852)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Goudchaux" title="Michel Goudchaux">Goudchaux</a> (February–March 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Antoine_Garnier-Pag%C3%A8s" title="Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès">Garnier-Pagès</a> (March–May 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Duclerc" title="Charles Duclerc">Duclerc</a> (May–June 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Goudchaux" title="Michel Goudchaux">Goudchaux</a> (June–October 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariste_Jacques_Trouv%C3%A9-Chauvel" title="Ariste Jacques Trouvé-Chauvel">Trouvé-Chauvel</a> (October–December 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Passy" title="Hippolyte Passy">Passy</a> (December 1848–October 1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (October 1849–January 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Le_B%C3%A8gue_de_Germiny" title="Charles Le Bègue de Germiny">de Germiny</a> (January–April 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (April–October 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Blondel" title="Antoine Blondel">Blondel</a> (October–November 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Joseph_de_Casabianca" title="François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca">de Casabianca</a> (November–December 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (December 1851–January 1852)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">House of Bonaparte</a><br />(1852–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Martial_Bineau" title="Jean-Martial Bineau">Bineau</a> (January 1852–1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (1855–1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_de_Forcade_La_Roquette" title="Adolphe de Forcade La Roquette">La Roquette</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (1861–1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Rouher" title="Eugène Rouher">Rouher</a> (January–November 1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (1867–January 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Buffet" title="Louis Buffet">Buffet</a> (January–April 1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89mile_Alexis_Segris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Émile Alexis Segris (page does not exist)">Segris</a> (April–August 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (August–September 1870)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a><br />(1870–1940)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Picard" title="Ernest Picard">Picard</a> (September 1870–19 February 1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Buffet" title="Louis Buffet">Buffet</a> (19 February–25 February 1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustin_Pouyer-Quertier" title="Augustin Pouyer-Quertier">Pouyer-Quertier</a> (1871–1872)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Goulard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugène de Goulard (page does not exist)">de Goulard</a> (April–December 1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (December 1872–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (1873–1874)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Mathieu-Bodet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Mathieu-Bodet (page does not exist)">Mathieu-Bodet</a> (1874–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (1875–May 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Caillaux" title="Eugène Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (May 1877–November 1877)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Dutilleul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Dutilleul (page does not exist)">Dutilleul</a> (November–December 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (1877–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magnin" title="Pierre Magnin">Magnin</a> (1879–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Allain-Targ%C3%A9" title="François Allain-Targé">Allain-Targé</a> (1881–1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (January–August 1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tirard" title="Pierre Tirard">Tirard</a> (August 1882–6 April 1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Clamageran" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Clamageran">Clamageran</a> (6 April–16 April 1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Fran%C3%A7ois_Sadi_Carnot" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie François Sadi Carnot">Carnot</a> (16 April 1885–December 1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Dauphin" title="Albert Dauphin">Dauphin</a> (December 1886–May 1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Rouvier" title="Maurice Rouvier">Rouvier</a> (May–December 1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tirard" title="Pierre Tirard">Tirard</a> (December 1887–April 1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Peytral" title="Paul Peytral">Peytral</a> (April 1888–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Rouvier" title="Maurice Rouvier">Rouvier</a> (1889–1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tirard" title="Pierre Tirard">Tirard</a> (1892–April 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Peytral" title="Paul Peytral">Peytral</a> (April–December 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Burdeau" title="Auguste Burdeau">Burdeau</a> (December 1893–May 1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Poincaré</a> (May 1894–January 1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Ribot" title="Alexandre Ribot">Ribot</a> (January–November 1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Doumer" title="Paul Doumer">Doumer</a> (November 1895–1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Cochery" title="Georges Cochery">Cochery</a> (1896–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Peytral" title="Paul Peytral">Peytral</a> (1898–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (1899–1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Rouvier" title="Maurice Rouvier">Rouvier</a> (1902–1905)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Merlou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Merlou (page does not exist)">Merlou</a> (1905–March 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Poincaré</a> (March–October 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (October 1906–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Cochery" title="Georges Cochery">Cochery</a> (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Lucien_Klotz" title="Louis-Lucien Klotz">Klotz</a> (1910–March 1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (March–June 1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Lucien_Klotz" title="Louis-Lucien Klotz">Klotz</a> (June 1911–March 1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dumont_(politician)" title="Charles Dumont (politician)">Dumont</a> (March–December 1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (December 1913–March 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Renoult" title="René Renoult">Renoult</a> (March–June 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cl%C3%A9mentel" title="Étienne Clémentel">Clémentel</a> (9 June–13 June 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Noullens" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Noullens">Noullens</a> (June–August 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Ribot" title="Alexandre Ribot">Ribot</a> (August 1914–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Thierry" title="Joseph Thierry">Thierry</a> (March–September 1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lucien_Klotz" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Lucien Klotz">Klotz</a> (1917–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Fran%C3%A7ois-Marsal" title="Frédéric François-Marsal">François-Marsal</a> (1920–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Doumer" title="Paul Doumer">Doumer</a> (1921–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Lasteyrie" title="Charles de Lasteyrie">de Lasteyrie</a> (1922–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Fran%C3%A7ois-Marsal" title="Frédéric François-Marsal">François-Marsal</a> (March–June 1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clementel" class="mw-redirect" title="Étienne Clementel">Clementel</a> (June 1924–3 April 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatole_de_Monzie" title="Anatole de Monzie">de Monzie</a> (3 April–17 April 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (April–October 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Painlev%C3%A9" title="Paul Painlevé">Painlevé</a> (October–November 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Loucheur" title="Louis Loucheur">Loucheur</a> (November–December 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Doumer" title="Paul Doumer">Doumer</a> (December 1925–March 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_P%C3%A9ret" title="Raoul Péret">Péret</a> (March–June 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (June–July 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatole_de_Monzie" title="Anatole de Monzie">de Monzie</a> (19 July–23 July 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Poincaré</a> (July 1926–1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ch%C3%A9ron" title="Henry Chéron">Chéron</a> (1928–February 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dumont_(politician)" title="Charles Dumont (politician)">Dumont</a> (February–March 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reynaud" title="Paul Reynaud">Reynaud</a> (March–December 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Germain-Martin" title="Louis Germain-Martin">Germain-Martin</a> (December 1930–January 1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-%C3%89tienne_Flandin" title="Pierre-Étienne Flandin">Flandin</a> (January 1931–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Germain-Martin" title="Louis Germain-Martin">Germain-Martin</a> (June–December 1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ch%C3%A9ron" title="Henry Chéron">Chéron</a> (December 1932–January 1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bonnet" title="Georges Bonnet">Bonnet</a> (January 1933–January 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Pi%C3%A9tri" title="François Piétri">Piétri</a> (January–February 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marchandeau" title="Paul Marchandeau">Marchandeau</a> (4 February–9 February 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Germain-Martin" title="Louis Germain-Martin">Germain-Martin</a> (February 1934–June 1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (1 June–7 June 1935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_R%C3%A9gnier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Régnier (page does not exist)">Régnier</a> (June 1935–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Auriol" title="Vincent Auriol">Auriol</a> (1936–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bonnet" title="Georges Bonnet">Bonnet</a> (1937–January 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marchandeau" title="Paul Marchandeau">Marchandeau</a> (January–March 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Blum</a> (March–April 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marchandeau" title="Paul Marchandeau">Marchandeau</a> (April–November 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reynaud" title="Paul Reynaud">Reynaud</a> (November 1938–March 1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Lamoureux_(France)" title="Lucien Lamoureux (France)">Lamoureux</a> (March–June 1940)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a><br />(1940–1944)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Bouthillier" title="Yves Bouthillier">Bouthillier</a> (1940–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cathala" title="Pierre Cathala">Cathala</a> (1942–1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free France</a><br />(1941–1944)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pleven" title="René Pleven">Pleven</a> (1941–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Diethelm" title="André Diethelm">Diethelm</a> (1942–June 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Couve_de_Murville" title="Maurice Couve de Murville">Couve de Murville</a> (June–November 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Mend%C3%A8s_France" title="Pierre Mendès France">France</a> (November 1943–September 1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">Provisional Government</a><br />(1944–1946)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Lepercq" title="Aimé Lepercq">Lepercq</a> (September–November 1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pleven" title="René Pleven">Pleven</a> (November 1944–January 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Philip" title="André Philip">Philip</a> (January–June 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Schuman</a> (June–October 1946)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Fourth_Republic" title="French Fourth Republic">Fourth Republic</a><br />(1946–1958)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Schuman</a> (October–December 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Philip" title="André Philip">Philip</a> (December 1946–January 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Schuman</a> (January–November 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Mayer" title="René Mayer">Mayer</a> (November 1947–July 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reynaud" title="Paul Reynaud">Reynaud</a> (July–September 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Pineau" title="Christian Pineau">Pineau</a> (5 September–11 September 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Queuille" title="Henri Queuille">Queuille</a> (September 1948–January 1949)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Petsche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice Petsche (page does not exist)">Petsche</a> (1949–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Mayer" title="René Mayer">Mayer</a> (1951–January 1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Faure" title="Edgar Faure">Faure</a> (January–March 1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pinay" title="Antoine Pinay">Pinay</a> (March 1952–January 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bourg%C3%A8s-Maunoury" title="Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury">Bourgès-Maunoury</a> (January–June 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Faure" title="Edgar Faure">Faure</a> (1953–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Buron" title="Robert Buron">Buron</a> (January–February 1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pflimlin" title="Pierre Pflimlin">Pflimlin</a> (February 1955–February 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lacoste" title="Robert Lacoste">Lacoste</a> (1 February–14 February 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ramadier" title="Paul Ramadier">Ramadier</a> (February 1956–June 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Gaillard" title="Félix Gaillard">Gaillard</a> (June–November 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pflimlin" title="Pierre Pflimlin">Pflimlin</a> (November 1957–May 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Faure" title="Edgar Faure">Faure</a> (May–June 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pinay" title="Antoine Pinay">Pinay</a> (June–October 1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" title="French Fifth Republic">Fifth Republic</a><br />(1958–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pinay" title="Antoine Pinay">Pinay</a> (October 1958–1960)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfrid_Baumgartner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfrid Baumgartner (page does not exist)">Baumgartner</a> (1960–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Giscard d'Estaing</a> (1962–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Debr%C3%A9" title="Michel Debré">Debré</a> (1966–May 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Couve_de_Murville" title="Maurice Couve de Murville">Couve de Murville</a> (May–July 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Ortoli" title="François-Xavier Ortoli">Ortoli</a> (July 1968–June 1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Giscard d'Estaing</a> (1969–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcade" title="Jean-Pierre Fourcade">Fourcade</a> (1974–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Barre" title="Raymond Barre">Barre</a> (1976–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Monory" title="René Monory">Monory</a> (1978–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Delors" title="Jacques Delors">Delors</a> (1981–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9r%C3%A9govoy" title="Pierre Bérégovoy">Bérégovoy</a> (1984–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Balladur" title="Édouard Balladur">Balladur</a> (1986–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9r%C3%A9govoy" title="Pierre Bérégovoy">Bérégovoy</a> (1988–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Sapin" title="Michel Sapin">Sapin</a> (1992–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Alphand%C3%A9ry" title="Edmond Alphandéry">Alphandéry</a> (1993–May 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Madelin" title="Alain Madelin">Madelin</a> (May–August 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arthuis" title="Jean Arthuis">Arthuis</a> (August 1995–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Strauss-Kahn</a> (1997–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Sautter" title="Christian Sautter">Sautter</a> (1999–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_Fabius" title="Laurent Fabius">Fabius</a> (2000–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Mer" title="Francis Mer">Mer</a> (2002–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Sarkozy</a> (March–November 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Gaymard" title="Hervé Gaymard">Gaymard</a> (November 2004–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_Breton" title="Thierry Breton">Breton</a> (2005–May 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Borloo" title="Jean-Louis Borloo">Borloo</a> (May–June 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Lagarde</a> (June 2007–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Baroin" title="François Baroin">Baroin</a> (2011–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Moscovici" title="Pierre Moscovici">Moscovici</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Sapin" title="Michel Sapin">Sapin</a> (2014–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Le_Maire" title="Bruno Le Maire">Le Maire</a> (2017–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Armand" title="Antoine Armand">Armand</a> (2024–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930683#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930683#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930683#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/116487445">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85199500">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12557585m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12557585m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p213625318">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/318792">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007275242705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058519762106706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd116487445.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/116487445">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/034897631">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Chamillart&oldid=1243047418">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Chamillart&oldid=1243047418</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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