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Modelling with a disc emission, thermal Comptonization, and blurred reflection" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://christuniversity.academia.edu/ShivappaGudennavar" /> <meta name="description" content="We report spectral analysis of the persistent black hole X-ray binary, 4U 1957+115, using AstroSat, Swift, and NuSTAR observations carried out between 2016 and 2019. Modelling with a disc emission, thermal Comptonization, and blurred reflection" /> <title>(PDF) Spectral characteristics of the black hole binary 4U 1957+115: a multi mission perspective | Shivappa Gudennavar - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/93291256/Spectral_characteristics_of_the_black_hole_binary_4U_1957_115_a_multi_mission_perspective" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '5344d39f87ad6dc88183d5be85d529e8caf724da'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732736616000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732736616000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"We report spectral analysis of the persistent black hole X-ray binary, 4U 1957+115, using AstroSat, Swift, and NuSTAR observations carried out between 2016 and 2019. Modelling with a disc emission, thermal Comptonization, and blurred reflection components revealed that the source was in the high-soft state with the disc flux ∼87 per cent of the total and high-energy photon index ∼2.6. There is an evidence that either the inner disc radius varied by ∼25 per cent or the colour hardening factor changed by ∼12 per cent. The values of the inner disc radius imply that for a non-spinning black hole, the black hole mass is \u0026amp;amp;lt; 7 M ⊙ and the source is located \u0026amp;amp;gt; 30 kpc away. On the other hand, a rapidly spinning black hole would be consistent with the more plausible black hole mass of \u0026amp;amp;lt; 10 M ⊙ and a source distance of ∼10 kpc. Fixing the distance to 10 kpc and using a relativistic accretion disc model, constrained the black hole mass to 6 M⊙ and inclination angle to 72°. A positive ...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Shivappa Gudennavar"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2022-12-19","dateModified":"2022-12-19","datePublished":null,"headline":"Spectral characteristics of the black hole binary 4U 1957+115: a multi mission perspective","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Physics","Astrophysics","Radius"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Oxford University Press (OUP)"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/93291256/Spectral_characteristics_of_the_black_hole_binary_4U_1957_115_a_multi_mission_perspective","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"christuniversity"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F93291256%2FSpectral_characteristics_of_the_black_hole_binary_4U_1957_115_a_multi_mission_perspective%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F93291256%2FSpectral_characteristics_of_the_black_hole_binary_4U_1957_115_a_multi_mission_perspective%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":96069037,"identifier":"Attachment_96069037","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":93291256,"created_at":"2022-12-19T19:10:24.251-08:00","from_world_paper_id":223294287,"updated_at":"2022-12-19T19:34:17.077-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"We report spectral analysis of the persistent black hole X-ray binary, 4U 1957+115, using AstroSat, Swift, and NuSTAR observations carried out between 2016 and 2019. Modelling with a disc emission, thermal Comptonization, and blurred reflection components revealed that the source was in the high-soft state with the disc flux ∼87 per cent of the total and high-energy photon index ∼2.6. There is an evidence that either the inner disc radius varied by ∼25 per cent or the colour hardening factor changed by ∼12 per cent. The values of the inner disc radius imply that for a non-spinning black hole, the black hole mass is \u0026lt; 7 M ⊙ and the source is located \u0026gt; 30 kpc away. On the other hand, a rapidly spinning black hole would be consistent with the more plausible black hole mass of \u0026lt; 10 M ⊙ and a source distance of ∼10 kpc. Fixing the distance to 10 kpc and using a relativistic accretion disc model, constrained the black hole mass to 6 M⊙ and inclination angle to 72°. A positive ...","publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","publication_name":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Spectral characteristics of the black hole binary 4U 1957+115: a multi mission perspective","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [10568050]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":96069037,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Spectral characteristics of the black hole binary 4U 1957+115: a multi mission perspective”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/96069037/mini_magick20221220-1-mv6fkf.png?1671506175" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Spectral characteristics of the black hole binary 4U 1957+115: a multi mission perspective</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10568050" href="https://christuniversity.academia.edu/ShivappaGudennavar"><img alt="Profile image of Shivappa Gudennavar" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/10568050/7421083/8341216/s65_shivappa.b..gudennavar.jpg" />Shivappa Gudennavar</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">8 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 93291256; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=93291256"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${viewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">We report spectral analysis of the persistent black hole X-ray binary, 4U 1957+115, using AstroSat, Swift, and NuSTAR observations carried out between 2016 and 2019. Modelling with a disc emission, thermal Comptonization, and blurred reflection components revealed that the source was in the high-soft state with the disc flux ∼87 per cent of the total and high-energy photon index ∼2.6. There is an evidence that either the inner disc radius varied by ∼25 per cent or the colour hardening factor changed by ∼12 per cent. The values of the inner disc radius imply that for a non-spinning black hole, the black hole mass is &lt; 7 M ⊙ and the source is located &gt; 30 kpc away. On the other hand, a rapidly spinning black hole would be consistent with the more plausible black hole mass of &lt; 10 M ⊙ and a source distance of ∼10 kpc. Fixing the distance to 10 kpc and using a relativistic accretion disc model, constrained the black hole mass to 6 M⊙ and inclination angle to 72°. A positive ...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":96069037,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/93291256/Spectral_characteristics_of_the_black_hole_binary_4U_1957_115_a_multi_mission_perspective"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":96069037,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/93291256/Spectral_characteristics_of_the_black_hole_binary_4U_1957_115_a_multi_mission_perspective"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="96069037" 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We find that the disk density is n e ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Reflection Modeling of the Black Hole Binary 4U 1630–47: The Disk Density and Returning Radiation","attachmentId":96267532,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93563628/Reflection_Modeling_of_the_Black_Hole_Binary_4U_1630_47_The_Disk_Density_and_Returning_Radiation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/93563628/Reflection_Modeling_of_the_Black_Hole_Binary_4U_1630_47_The_Disk_Density_and_Returning_Radiation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="73279100" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73279100/Tracing_Black_Hole_Signatures_in_Several_Black_Hole_Candidates_Based_on_Their_X_Ray_Spectral_Evolution">Tracing Black Hole Signatures in Several Black Hole Candidates Based on Their X-Ray Spectral Evolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34282010" href="https://itb.academia.edu/FahmiAlfarizki">Fahmi Alfarizki</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">EPJ Web of Conferences</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Investigation of spectral evolution of four black hole candidates was carried out by using color-color diagram as well as spectral fitting on Swift/XRT data. Newly found candidates, which are classified as low-mass X-ray binary system based on their transient nature, are the focus of our work. We compare their spectral evolutions to that of XTE J1752-223, a transient system and a more convincing black hole candidate whose mass has been determined from spectral-timing correlation scaling. In addition, comparison to Cygnus X-1, a well-known stellar-mass black hole, was done despite its persistent nature. The spectral fitting, by using a combination of thermal disk and non-thermal component model, results in the innermost temperature values in the range of the typical innermost temperature of black hole binary which is 0.7 – 1.5 keV. The spectral evolutions of the candidates bear a resemblance to both Cygnus X-1 and XTE J1752-223. We note that during Swift/XRT observations, the spectra...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Tracing Black Hole Signatures in Several Black Hole Candidates Based on Their X-Ray Spectral Evolution","attachmentId":81860504,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73279100/Tracing_Black_Hole_Signatures_in_Several_Black_Hole_Candidates_Based_on_Their_X_Ray_Spectral_Evolution","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73279100/Tracing_Black_Hole_Signatures_in_Several_Black_Hole_Candidates_Based_on_Their_X_Ray_Spectral_Evolution"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="56129992" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56129992/Testing_accretion_disk_theory_in_black_hole_X_ray_binaries">Testing accretion disk theory in black hole X-ray binaries</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52059514" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShaneDavis13">Shane Davis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Astrophysical Journal, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Testing accretion disk theory in black hole X-ray binaries","attachmentId":71667936,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56129992/Testing_accretion_disk_theory_in_black_hole_X_ray_binaries","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56129992/Testing_accretion_disk_theory_in_black_hole_X_ray_binaries"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="51974495" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51974495/Black_Hole_Mass_Determination_in_the_X_Ray_Binary_4U_1630_47_Scaling_of_Spectral_and_Variability_Characteristics">Black Hole Mass Determination in the X-Ray Binary 4U 1630-47: Scaling of Spectral and Variability Characteristics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="153101209" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LevTitarchuk">Lev Titarchuk</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Astrophysical Journal, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Black Hole Mass Determination in the X-Ray Binary 4U 1630-47: Scaling of Spectral and Variability Characteristics","attachmentId":69454508,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51974495/Black_Hole_Mass_Determination_in_the_X_Ray_Binary_4U_1630_47_Scaling_of_Spectral_and_Variability_Characteristics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51974495/Black_Hole_Mass_Determination_in_the_X_Ray_Binary_4U_1630_47_Scaling_of_Spectral_and_Variability_Characteristics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="38502835" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38502835/Timing_and_Spectral_Analysis_of_Black_Hole_Candidate_X_Ray_Binary_MAXI_J1535_571_from_NICER_Observations">Timing and Spectral Analysis of Black Hole Candidate X-Ray Binary MAXI J1535-571 from NICER Observations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7898301" href="https://metu.academia.edu/%C3%96zg%C3%BCrCan%C3%96z%C3%BCdo%C4%9Fru">Özgür Can Özüdoğru</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Middle East Technical University Department of Physics, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This is the Bachelor's Thesis of Özgür Can Özüdoğru. It is mainly focused on Neutron Star Inner Composition ExploreR(NICER) Observations of MAXI(The Monitor of All-Sky X-Ray Image) J1535-571, a Galactic Black Hole Candidate with an accompanying Star. Research conducted by J.M.Miller et al. 2018[1] and A. L. Stevens et al. 2018[2] were followed in order to acquire similar results, that is; confirming the existence of relativistic accretion disk reflection and line broadening at the Fe K line. This line broadening effect allowed the spin parameter(a) value to be measured as a=0.998(5). Fitting results of the models used during the spectral fitting indicate that the disk of MAXI J1535-571 may be warped. Afterwards, the timing of the source from 3 NICER Observations was made and three power spectra that indicate the existence of one peak which resembles Quasi Periodic Oscillation(QPO) of the source around 6 Hz on the power density spectra were acquired. Results also indicate that this QPO seems to be shifting in frequency as time passes.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Timing and Spectral Analysis of Black Hole Candidate X-Ray Binary MAXI J1535-571 from NICER Observations","attachmentId":58570041,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38502835/Timing_and_Spectral_Analysis_of_Black_Hole_Candidate_X_Ray_Binary_MAXI_J1535_571_from_NICER_Observations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38502835/Timing_and_Spectral_Analysis_of_Black_Hole_Candidate_X_Ray_Binary_MAXI_J1535_571_from_NICER_Observations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="20859538" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20859538/X_ray_measurements_of_black_hole_X_ray_binary_source_GRS_1915_105_and_the_evolution_of_hard_X_ray_spectrum">X-ray measurements of black hole X-ray binary source GRS 1915+105 and the evolution of hard X-ray spectrum</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="22464740" href="https://mu.academia.edu/RKManchanda">RK Manchanda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 2000</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"X-ray measurements of black hole X-ray binary source GRS 1915+105 and the evolution of hard X-ray spectrum","attachmentId":41601808,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20859538/X_ray_measurements_of_black_hole_X_ray_binary_source_GRS_1915_105_and_the_evolution_of_hard_X_ray_spectrum","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20859538/X_ray_measurements_of_black_hole_X_ray_binary_source_GRS_1915_105_and_the_evolution_of_hard_X_ray_spectrum"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":96069037,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":96069037,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_96069037" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="61572912" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61572912/Doppler_tomography_of_the_black_hole_binary_A0620_00_and_the_origin_of_chromospheric_emission_in_quiescent_X_ray_binaries">Doppler tomography of the black hole binary A0620-00 and the origin of chromospheric emission in quiescent X-ray binaries</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47618011" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CasaresJ">Jorge Casares</a></div><p 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ds2-5-body-xs">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Discovery of a 6.4 h black hole binary in NGC 4490","attachmentId":85736371,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/78830970/Discovery_of_a_6_4_h_black_hole_binary_in_NGC_4490","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/78830970/Discovery_of_a_6_4_h_black_hole_binary_in_NGC_4490"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The evolving accretion disc in the black hole X-ray transient XTE J1859+226","attachmentId":41267429,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19972073/The_evolving_accretion_disc_in_the_black_hole_X_ray_transient_XTE_J1859_226","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19972073/The_evolving_accretion_disc_in_the_black_hole_X_ray_transient_XTE_J1859_226"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6410485/Spectral_Properties_of_Accretion_Disks_around_Galactic_and_Extragalactic_Black_Holes">Spectral Properties of Accretion Disks around Galactic and Extragalactic Black Holes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10082429" href="https://independent.academia.edu/sandipkumar9">sandip kumar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Astrophysical Journal, 1995</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Spectral Properties of Accretion Disks around Galactic and Extragalactic Black 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101033389/An_H_i_absorption_distance_to_the_black_hole_candidate_X_ray_binary_MAXI_J1535_571">An H i absorption distance to the black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI J1535–571</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46027314" href="https://csiro.academia.edu/WasimRaja">Wasim Raja</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An H i absorption distance to the black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61572991/Evidence_of_a_Black_Hole_in_the_X_Ray_Transient_GS_1354_64_BW_Circini_">Evidence of a Black Hole in the X-Ray Transient GS 1354-64 (=BW Circini)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47618011" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CasaresJ">Jorge Casares</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Astrophysical Journal, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Evidence of a Black Hole in the X-Ray Transient GS 1354-64 (=BW Circini)","attachmentId":74565133,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61572991/Evidence_of_a_Black_Hole_in_the_X_Ray_Transient_GS_1354_64_BW_Circini_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span 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J1305–704</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42107340" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DoneChris">Chris Done</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The accretion disk and ionized absorber of the 9.7 hr dipping black hole binary MAXI J1305–704","attachmentId":41920235,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20846615/The_accretion_disk_and_ionized_absorber_of_the_9_7_hr_dipping_black_hole_binary_MAXI_J1305_704","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The accretion-ejection coupling in the black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI J1836-194","attachmentId":43831216,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23381170/The_accretion_ejection_coupling_in_the_black_hole_candidate_X_ray_binary_MAXI_J1836_194","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23381170/The_accretion_ejection_coupling_in_the_black_hole_candidate_X_ray_binary_MAXI_J1836_194"><span 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class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" data-entity-id="59941532" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59941532/The_intriguing_evolutionary_history_of_the_massive_black_hole_X_ray_binary_M33_X_7">The intriguing evolutionary history of the massive black hole X-ray binary M33 X-7</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52466332" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarcvanderSluys">Marc van der Sluys</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The intriguing evolutionary history of the massive black hole X-ray 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